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Kim EYY, Nelson LE, Pereira TLB, Shorey S. Barriers to and Facilitators of Help-Seeking Among Men Who are Victims of Domestic Violence: A Mixed-Studies Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:2189-2203. [PMID: 37970823 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231209435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Domestic violence against men poses a significant threat to men's health and well-being and is increasingly being recognized as a public health issue. Unfortunately, men who are victims often struggle to disclose and report their abusive experiences. This review aims to examine and consolidate the evidence regarding the barriers to and facilitators of help-seeking behaviors of men who suffered from women-perpetrated domestic violence. A mixed-studies review was conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute approach. Nine electronic databases were searched from each database's inception until January 2023. The 23 included studies were appraised using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, and their findings were synthesized using the Joanna Briggs Institute convergent qualitative synthesis method. An overarching theme, "Stuck in a loop and finding ways to move on," which encapsulated the predicament of victimized men in abusive relationships, was identified along with three main themes. Overall, a gender-biased perspective of domestic violence, personal fears, and familial factors hindered victimized men from reporting violence and seeking help. A multi-faceted approach-consisting of public education campaigns, sensitizing, and training help professionals, engendering "safe" environments, developing men-specific assessments, and reforming social and legal-justice processes-is needed to effectively address the gender-specific challenges faced by men who are victims of domestic violence and break the cycle of abuse, and improve formal and informal help-seeking in men who are victims of domestic abuse.
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McCollum DC, Smathers SE, Sullivan T, Jowaheer Y, Mereish EH. Associations among intimate partner violence, suicidal ideation, suicide behaviors, non-suicidal self-injury, and psychological well-being in Black American emerging adults. Suicide Life Threat Behav 2024. [PMID: 38860444 DOI: 10.1111/sltb.13102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicidal ideation and behavior and non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) among Black emerging adults is a major public health concern. Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant risk factor for suicidal ideation and behavior and NSSI, but there is little work examining the buffering effect of psychological well-being (PWB). The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between IPV, suicide ideation and behavior, and NSSI, and the moderating role of PWB on these associations. METHOD Secondary data analyses were conducted using a subsample of Black American emerging adults (N = 4694) from the National College Health Assessment. RESULTS IPV was associated with greater odds of suicide ideation, past-year suicide attempt, and NSSI. PWB was associated with lower odds of suicide ideation, past-year suicide attempt, and NSSI. PWB did not moderate the relationships between IPV and the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS IPV was a risk factor for suicidal ideation, suicide attempt, and NSSI among Black American emerging adults. PWB was associated with lower suicidal ideation and behavior and NSSI engagement, suggesting it can be a protective factor. Bolstering PWB in Black communities may be beneficial in intervention and prevention efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diamonde C McCollum
- Psychological Sciences Department, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, Kentucky, USA
| | - Steven E Smathers
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Tara Sullivan
- Lavender Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Yajna Jowaheer
- Department of Psychology, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA
| | - Ethan H Mereish
- Lavender Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Mchome Z, Mshana G, Malibwa D, Aloyce D, Dwarumpudi A, Peter E, Kapiga S, Stöckl H. Men's Narratives of Sexual Intimate Partner Violence in Urban Mwanza, Northwestern Tanzania. SEXUAL ABUSE : A JOURNAL OF RESEARCH AND TREATMENT 2024; 36:441-463. [PMID: 37941093 PMCID: PMC11010543 DOI: 10.1177/10790632231213831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Engaging men has been established as central in addressing intimate partner violence. Yet few studies on intimate partner violence explored men's perspectives on what constitutes sexual violence in relationships only. To explore how men conceptualize sexual violence, we engaged a qualitative approach to unpack men's narratives of sexual IPV. The study was conducted in Mwanza, Tanzania using in-depth interviews with 30 married men. Men shared a broad spectrum of unacceptable behaviors that clearly or potentially connote sexual violence. Some of the acts were deemed to constitute sexual violence when directed to both men and women, while some were perceived as sexual violence when directed to women or men only. Threatened manhood underpinned men's conceptualization of sexual violence against them by their partners. Although a large part of men's narratives of sexual violence towards women seemed to challenge the common sexual scripts existing in patriarchal societies, some of their accounts indicated the persistence of traditional presumptions of masculine sexual entitlement. Our findings uncover additional dimensions of sexual violence that go beyond what is included in the current global frameworks, underscoring the critical need of giving people a voice in their local contexts in defining what sexual intimate partner violence entails for them. This may increase the likelihood of interventions becoming more acceptable and effective when targeting sexual violence, thereby contributing to reduced levels of sexual intimate partner violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaina Mchome
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Gerry Mshana
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | | | - Diana Aloyce
- Department of Sexual and Reproductive Health, National Institute for Medical Research, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Annapoorna Dwarumpudi
- Gender Violence and Health Centre, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Esther Peter
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Saidi Kapiga
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Heidi Stöckl
- Gender Violence and Health Centre, Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
- Institute for Medical Information Processing, Biometry, and Epidemiology, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich
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Giwa A, Kandemiri M, Tulli-Shah M, Sayadi G, Hurley N, Salami B. Impacts of COVID-19 on Intimate Partner Violence Service Provision. Violence Against Women 2024:10778012241257251. [PMID: 38803295 DOI: 10.1177/10778012241257251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
COVID-19 policies like stay-at-home orders impacted intimate partner violence (IPV) service provision in Alberta. Using intersectionality and qualitative semi-structured interviews, this article situates IPV and access to services and supports within multiple overlapping factors such as race, gender, class, and ethnic minority status. Two main themes were identified. First, the challenges within IPV service provision reflect the sectors' traditional and binary understanding and response to violence. Second, the move to virtual services brought challenges related to access to telecommunication facilities and zoom fatigue. Thematic analysis also shows the impact of the pandemic in a sector with existing structural/institutional challenges. We conclude by recommending a multi-level intersectional approach to IPV service provision in Alberta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisha Giwa
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Myra Kandemiri
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mia Tulli-Shah
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Ghada Sayadi
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Nat Hurley
- Department of English and Film Studies, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Bukola Salami
- Faculty of Nursing, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Gibson CJ, Bahorik A, Xia F, Peltz C, Yaffe K. Intimate Partner Violence, Mental Health, and Aging-Related Health Among Men and Women Veterans Across the Lifespan. J Gen Intern Med 2024; 39:931-939. [PMID: 37962725 DOI: 10.1007/s11606-023-08466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND A growing body of evidence suggests adverse health outcomes related to intimate partner violence (IPV), including traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, most research in this area has focused on reproductive-aged women. OBJECTIVE To examine relationships between IPV (with and without TBI), mental health, and aging-related health outcomes among men and women Veterans across the lifespan. DESIGN Cross-sectional analysis of Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administrative data from fiscal years 2000-2019. Descriptive statistics and chi-square analyses were used to compare key comorbidities in matched samples of Veterans with and without IPV (gender-stratified and matched 1:3 based on demographics and index date). Comparisons between those with IPV and TBI relative to IPV alone were also examined. SUBJECTS Veterans aged 18 + with and without documented IPV in Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) electronic health records (n = 4108 men, 2824 women). MAIN MEASURES ICD codes were used to identify IPV, TBI, and aging-related medical (sleep disorder, hypertension, diabetes, dementia) and common psychiatric (depression, posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use disorder, and substance use disorder) diagnoses. KEY RESULTS Demographic characteristics were reflective of VA-enrolled Veterans (men: mean age 66, SD 16; 72% non-Hispanic White; women: mean age 47, SD 13; 64% non-Hispanic White). Relative to Veterans without IPV, both men and women with IPV had higher rates of all examined medical (e.g., sleep disorders, men: 33% vs. 52%; women: 45% vs. 63%) and psychiatric diagnoses (e.g., depression, men 32% vs. 74%; women 59% vs. 91%; all ps < .001), with evidence of an additive effect of TBI on some psychiatric outcomes. CONCLUSIONS IPV is broadly associated with aging-related and mental health, and TBI is a common correlate that may further contribute to psychiatric outcomes. Findings highlight the importance of trauma-informed care and recognizing the potential role of these exposures on men and women Veterans' health across the lifespan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn J Gibson
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
| | - Amber Bahorik
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Feng Xia
- NCIRE-The Veterans' Health Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Carrie Peltz
- NCIRE-The Veterans' Health Research Institute, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristine Yaffe
- San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- San Francisco Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Morales-Chainé S, Palafox G, Robles-García R, Arenas-Landgrave P, López-Montoya A, Félix-Romero V, Imaz-Gispert MA. Pathways of depressive symptoms to self-harm and suicide warning signs during COVID-19 pandemic: The role of anxiety and related distress, dysfunction and somatization. J Affect Disord 2024; 350:476-484. [PMID: 38199396 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.12.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early in the COVID-19 pandemic, concern about widespread waves of depression and suicide emerged worldwide. Clarity on the relationship between mental health symptoms and warning signs of current self-harm or suicide thoughts and behaviors (ShSTB) in Mexican adults could be useful for designing effective public health policies and preventive strategies during health emergencies. OBJECTIVE The present study uses a path model to explore the relationship between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and related distress, dysfunction, and somatization with ShSTB warning signs in Mexican adults during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also describes the relative risks of these mental health variables for men and women, and for those who were seeking psychological care versus those who were not. METHOD The study was conducted with 18,449 Mexicans (M = 33 years, SD = 11.00, range = 18-59), including 12,188 women (66.10 %) and 2706 (14.67 %) who were seeking psychological care. A web-based application included two multidimensional screening scales to evaluate depression, anxiety and somatic symptoms and related distress/dysfunction, as well as past and current ShSTB. Based on the participants' sex, the entire sample was randomly divided into two sub-samples to compare and replicate the Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) results, getting evidence of the multidimensionality of the scales. With the two sub-samples, we also tested the nested models from a structural equation model (SEM) to suggest a relationship between mental health and self-harm/suicide variables. FINDINGS Our findings suggest that 31 % of participants were at risk for depression, 42.30 % for anxiety, 38.30 % for Marked Distress, Dysfunction and Somatization (MDDS), 33.30 % for at least one ShSTB, and 4.20 % for Previous Self Harm Thoughts and Behaviors (PShTB) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A greater percentage of women and participants seeking psychological care showed high levels of mental health symptoms, PShTB, MDDS, and ShSTB. The path model suggested a direct influence of PShTB and MDDS on ShSTB. Depression symptoms lead to ShSTB in three possible ways: through PShTB, PShTB affecting MDDS, and generalized anxiety affecting MDDS. DISCUSSION AND OUTLOOK The pandemic was accompanied by a high prevalence of depression-anxiety, marked distress, dysfunction and somatization and self-harm/suicide thoughts and behaviors. The findings of this study suggest evidence over the well-known association between depression and anxiety, and between depression, previous self-harm thoughts and behaviors, and self-harm/suicide. The evidence suggests to distinguish when participants were suffering from MDDS and anxious depression from those only suffering from depression. The methodological conditions of the study suggest a comprehensive model of ShSTB prevention. Findings also suggest the need to care for Mexicans with depressive symptoms and PShTB as well as those suffering from anxious depression with MDDS to prevent suicide, by implementing effective public health policies and preventive strategies to reduce the mental health gap during health emergencies. LIMITATIONS This research was a cross-sectional study, suggesting that future analyses should focus on the evaluation of its consistency with confirmed diagnoses of mental health disorders, self-harm/suicide risks, and the effect of remote psychological help to address these problems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Germán Palafox
- Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rebeca Robles-García
- Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría "Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz", Mexico City, Mexico
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Morrison AM, Campbell JK, Sharpless L, Martin SL. Intimate Partner Violence and Immigration in the United States: A Systematic Review. TRAUMA, VIOLENCE & ABUSE 2024; 25:846-861. [PMID: 37078533 PMCID: PMC10666473 DOI: 10.1177/15248380231165690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This systematic review sought to describe the prevalence of intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization among immigrants in the United States (U.S.) and the prevalence of IPV perpetration among immigrants in the U.S. PsycInfo, PubMed, Global Health and Scopus databases were searched for peer-reviewed literature that quantitatively examined IPV in relation to immigration. Twenty-four articles were included in the final review. Past-year IPV victimization rates among immigrants ranged from 3.8% to 46.9% and lifetime IPV victimization rates ranged from 13.9% to 93%; past-year IPV perpetration rates ranged from 3.0% to 24.8% and the one lifetime IPV perpetration rate was 12.8%. Estimates varied widely by country of origin, type of violence measured, and measure used to quantify IPV. Reliance on small convenience samples is problematic when trying to determine the true prevalence of IPV among immigrants. Epidemiological research is needed to improve the accuracy and representativeness of findings.
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Matheson K, Wornovitzky D, Landry J, Anisman H. An assessment of appraisals of dating relationship conflicts and perceptions of appropriate coping strategies with psychologically abusive interactions. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1286139. [PMID: 38111869 PMCID: PMC10726052 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1286139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Stemming from a stress appraisal and coping perspective, the present investigation developed a methodology for assessing how individuals appraise abusive dating relationship conflicts (Study 1) and the implications of such appraisals for informing coping responses to abusive interactions (Study 2). Methods Participants ranging in age from 17 to 29 years (Study 1: 102 males, 339 females; Study 2: 88 males, 362 females) completed a survey in which they were presented with a series of 10 scenarios that conveyed relationship conflict cues that were ostensibly aligned with various forms of psychological abuse. Results Factor analyses indicated that blatant actions conducted in privacy were differentiated from more ambiguous public forms of psychological abuse, in that the latter were appraised by both males and females as more abusive. Females were further likely to appraise blatant conflicts as more threatening but at the same time more resolvable. Participants who had encountered abuse in their own intimate relationships were especially likely to appraise conflicts as abusive, threatening and uncontrollable. Such appraisals were associated with greater endorsement of avoidant coping strategies in response to an abusive encounter, irrespective of personal relationship experiences. Discussion It is suggested that how individuals appraise relationship conflicts may be key to their ability to cope effectively with such encounters or to provide appropriate support to those experiencing psychologically abusive relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly Matheson
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | - Jyllenna Landry
- Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Hymie Anisman
- Department of Neuroscience, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Cavanaugh C, Rucci S, Vasquez-Home O. Sex/gender differences in the associations between adverse childhood experiences and intimate partner violence with mental disorders. Psychiatry Res 2023; 328:115456. [PMID: 37688838 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2023.115456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Sex and gender differences exist in mental and substance use disorders (MSUDs). Studies examining the moderating effects of sex/gender on MSUDs may help understand these differences. This national study explored whether sex/gender moderated (1) the associations between adverse childhood experience (ACEs; i.e., child abuse, child neglect, and child household dysfunction) and intimate partner violence (IPV) with MSUDs and (2) more associations with past year than lifetime MSUDs or mental (i.e., mood disorder, anxiety disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder) than substance use disorders (i.e., alcohol use disorder and nicotine dependence). Data was used from participants in the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions. Logistic regression tested the main effects of ACEs, IPV, and sex/gender on five, past-year and lifetime MSUDs along with the ACE-sex/gender and IPV-sex/gender interactions. Sex/gender moderated 60% of the ACEs-MSUD and IPV-MSUD associations and more associations with lifetime (54%) than past year MSUDs (46%) and substance use (94%) than mental disorders (38%). For nearly half of the moderated associations, ACEs and IPV were associated with greater odds of MSUDs for males. Males who experienced IPV had greater odds of lifetime mood, anxiety, and alcohol use disorders than females. This study advances sex and gender informed research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtenay Cavanaugh
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 311 North Fifth Street, Camden, NJ 08108, USA.
| | - Skylar Rucci
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 311 North Fifth Street, Camden, NJ 08108, USA
| | - Orgelys Vasquez-Home
- Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, 311 North Fifth Street, Camden, NJ 08108, USA
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Puno A, Kim R, Jeong J, Kim J, Kim R. Intergenerational transmission of intimate partner violence among women: Evidence from the 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey. SSM Popul Health 2023; 23:101392. [PMID: 37691979 PMCID: PMC10492160 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intimate partner violence (IPV) substantially harms women's overall health worldwide. The intergenerational cycle of IPV among women remains underexplored from the perspective of victimization and perpetration, and by types of subsequent IPV. The 2017 Philippines National Demographic and Health Survey dataset of 12,248 currently in-union (married or cohabiting) women aged 15 to 49 were utilized in this study. The main exposure variable was measured by the question: "as far as you know, did your father ever beat your mother?". Multivariate logistic regression was performed to investigate the association between being ever exposed to parental IPV and (1) women's IPV victimization (by types: any, physical, sexual, and emotional) and (2) IPV perpetration (physical) by women against their husbands or male partners. Further, multinomial logistic regression examined the association between exposure to parental IPV and the experience of being an IPV victim only, perpetrator only, or both. We have found that women who were exposed to parental IPV were more likely to experience IPV victimization (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.9, 2.4 for any IPV; OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 2.0, 2. for physical IPV; OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.6, 2.4 for sexual IPV; and OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.8, 2.2 for emotional IPV), and also perpetrate physical IPV themselves (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.9, 2.4) compared to those unexposed to parental IPV. Moreover, women exposed to parental IPV were three times more likely to be both a perpetrator and a victim of IPV (OR: 3.1, 95% CI: 2.7, 3.7), much higher than the odds of being a victim only (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.8, 2.2) or a perpetrator only (OR: 1.9, 95% CI: 1.6, 2.). In summary, exposure to parental IPV was associated with Filipino women being victims and perpetrators of IPV themselves. The integration of violence prevention within parenting and community programs can be considered to prevent the perpetuation of the intergenerational cycle of IPV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Puno
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of the Philippines Visayas, Miagao, Iloilo, Philippines
| | - Ranyeong Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Joshua Jeong
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jinho Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Rockli Kim
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, Graduate School of Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Health Policy and Management, College of Health Science, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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11
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Ríos-Albert E, Vives-Cases C. [Discourses on violence against women by young people and professionals in Spain: PositivMasc project]. GACETA SANITARIA 2023; 37:102320. [PMID: 37556926 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaceta.2023.102320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the discourses of young people and professionals on violence against women and to explore possible strategies for its prevention in Spain. METHOD Qualitative study based on semi-structured interviews with 16 young people (18-24 years old) and 23 professionals working in violence against women prevention. A discourse analysis was carried out to identify the main interpretative repertoires. RESULTS The four interpretative repertoires of this study reflect how young people perceive physical violence in the domestic sphere as the most visible type of violence against women. In their discourses, both young men and women describe the bidirectional nature of intimate partner violence. The allusion to the responsibility of social agents in the perpetuation of violence against women emerges. Finally, young people and professionals emphasize the key role of boys in the prevention of violence against women. CONCLUSIONS Physical violence continues to be the main type of violence perceived by the young population, but most girls were able to identify other more subtle and normalized forms of violence. Social agents have a strong influence on the imaginary of violence against women in the young population. Finally, future strategies against violence against women must involve young men in community-based strategies that work to promote positive and egalitarian attitudes and relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Ríos-Albert
- Máster Interuniversitario de Salud Pública, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España.
| | - Carmen Vives-Cases
- Departamento de Enfermería Comunitaria, Medicina Preventiva y Salud Pública e Historia de la Ciencia, Universidad de Alicante, Alicante, España; CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), España
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12
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Fanslow JL, Mellar BM, Gulliver PJ, McIntosh TKD. Evidence of Gender Asymmetry in Intimate Partner Violence Experience at the Population-Level. JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE 2023; 38:9159-9188. [PMID: 37032556 PMCID: PMC10668541 DOI: 10.1177/08862605231163646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Claims of "gender symmetry" in intimate partner violence (IPV) prevalence are contested, with resolution of the issue complicated by methodological and measurement challenges. This study explores gendered differences in the distribution of IPV exposure at the population-level, considering multiple types of IPV exposure. The subjects comprised of 1,431 ever-partnered women and 1,355 ever-partnered men. Data from a nationally representative population-based cross-sectional survey were used to compare men and women's IPV experiences. Twenty-three IPV acts were assessed across IPV types (moderate physical, severe physical, sexual, psychological, controlling behaviors, economic). Proportions were presented by gender for the number of individual IPV acts experienced per IPV type, and the frequency of these acts (none, once, few times, or many times). A composite exposure score was developed to assess the number of acts and their frequency within types by comparing scores in tertiles and across types by correlations. Women reported greater overall prevalence of 20 of the 23 individual IPV acts assessed. Across all assessed acts, women comprised a substantially greater proportion of those who reported experiencing individual acts "many times." Women experienced more severe and more frequent IPV than men based on self-reported experience of IPV acts, and by the frequency with which acts were experienced. Significant differences between men and women's exposure scores were observed for all six assessed types, with greater proportions of women scoring in the upper tertiles. This study provides evidence of gender asymmetry in experiences of IPV at the population level. While men do experience IPV victimization, there remains need for directed and substantial resource allocation for intervention and therapeutic responses to women's exposure to IPV, and for primary prevention with men. Going forward, IPV measurement tools that consider frequency, severity, or co-occurring types of IPV are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janet L. Fanslow
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Brooklyn M. Mellar
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pauline J. Gulliver
- Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tracey K. D. McIntosh
- School of Māori Studies and Pacific Studies, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Chainé SM, Bacigalupe G, García RR, Montoya AL, Romero VF, Gispert MAI. Interpersonal and Intimate Violence in Mexican Youth: Drug Use, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress during the COVID-19 Pandemic. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6484. [PMID: 37569022 PMCID: PMC10418786 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic may have increased interpersonal and intimate violence, harmful use of alcohol and other drugs (AODs), and mental health problems. This study uses a valid path model to describe relationships between these conditions of young Mexicans during the second year of the pandemic. A sample of 7420 Mexicans ages 18 to 24-two-thirds of whom are women-completed the Life Events Checklist, the Alcohol, Smoking, and Substance Involvement Screening Test, the Major Depressive Episode Checklist, the Generalized Anxiety Scale, and the Post-traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist. Young Mexicans reported higher rates of victimization and perpetration of interpersonal and intimate violence and mental health symptomatology than those noted pre- and in the first year of the pandemic. The harmful use of AOD rates were similar to those reported by adolescents before. The findings suggest asymmetric victimization and perpetration of intimate violence by gender (with women at a higher risk). More men than women have engaged in the harmful use of AODs (except for sedatives, which more women abuse). More women than men were at risk of all mental health conditions. The path model indicates that being a victim of intimate violence predicts the harmful use of tobacco, alcohol, cocaine, and sedatives, depression, anxiety, and specific PTSD symptoms (such as re-experimentation and avoidance symptoms). Being a victim of interpersonal violence resulted in severe PTSD symptoms (including avoidance, negative alterations in cognition-mood, and hyperarousal signs). The harmful use of sedatives predicted depressive symptoms. Men's victimizing intimate violence model contrasted with that of women, which included being the victim of interpersonal violence and severe PTSD symptoms. The high school youth model had three paths: victimizing intimate violence, victimizing interpersonal abuse, and sedative use, which predicted depression. Our findings could serve as the basis for future studies exploring the mechanisms that predict violence to develop cost-effective preventive programs and public policies and to address mental health conditions during community emergencies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Morales Chainé
- Psychology Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.L.M.); (V.F.R.)
| | - Gonzalo Bacigalupe
- Department of Counseling and School Psychology, College of Education and Human Development, University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston, MA 02125, USA;
| | - Rebeca Robles García
- National Institute of Psychiatry “Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz”, Ministry of Health, Mexico City 14370, Mexico;
| | - Alejandra López Montoya
- Psychology Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.L.M.); (V.F.R.)
| | - Violeta Félix Romero
- Psychology Faculty, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico; (A.L.M.); (V.F.R.)
| | - Mireya Atzala Imaz Gispert
- General Directorate of Community Attention, National Autonomous University of México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico;
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14
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Rustagi K, JadKarim L, Birk N, Tran A. Discrimination and intimate partner violence among a sample of bisexual and gay men in the United States: a cross-sectional study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1182263. [PMID: 37583882 PMCID: PMC10423812 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1182263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intimate partner violence (IPV) is becoming more recognized as a public health concern among sexual minority men, including bisexual and gay men. Guided by the Minority Stress Model, we assessed the relationship between perceived discrimination and three forms of IPV among a sample of bisexual and gay men living in the United States. Methods We analyzed data as part of the Men's Body Project, a cross-sectional study launched in 2020 to assess health behaviors of bisexual and gay men. Results A total of 549 individuals participated in the survey, of which 52% were gay and 48% were bisexual men. Perceived discrimination was significantly associated with elevated odds ratios ranging from 1.15 to 1.18 across three forms of IPV, with Physical IPV odds ratio being highest. Conclusion Given the significant association between perceived discrimination and IPV, interventions aimed at addressing IPV experiences among sexual minority men must consider the role of minority stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khyati Rustagi
- Department of Population Health and Leadership, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Luzan JadKarim
- Department of Population Health and Leadership, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
| | - Nick Birk
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Alvin Tran
- Department of Population Health and Leadership, University of New Haven, West Haven, CT, United States
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15
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Lila M, Gilchrist G. Treatment Resistant Perpetrators of Intimate Partner Violence: Research Advances. INTERVENCION PSICOSOCIAL 2023; 32:55-58. [PMID: 37383643 PMCID: PMC10294455 DOI: 10.5093/pi2023a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marisol Lila
- University of ValenciaDepartment of Social PsychologyValenciaSpainDepartment of Social Psychology, University of Valencia, Spain;
| | - Gail Gilchrist
- National Addiction CentreInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonLondonUKNational Addiction Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, UK
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Scott-Storey K, O’Donnell S, Perrin N, Wuest J. Cumulative Lifetime Violence, Gender, Social Determinants of Health and Mental Health in Canadian Men: A Latent Class Analysis. JOURNAL OF FAMILY VIOLENCE 2023; 39:665-680. [PMID: 38644980 PMCID: PMC11031490 DOI: 10.1007/s10896-023-00502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Purpose Among men, violence is pervasive and associated with poor mental health, but little is known about which men are most vulnerable. Our purpose is to address this gap by exploring mental health and social determinants of health (SDOH) including gender role conflict (GRC) in heterogenous groups of men with distinct patterns of cumulative lifetime violence (CLV) as target and perpetrator. Methods Latent class analysis was conducted using means of 64 indicators of CLV severity collected from a community sample of 685 eastern Canadian men, ages 19 to 65 years. Class differences by SDOH, and depression, anxiety, and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were explored with Chi-square and analysis of variance. Results A 4-class solution was optimal. Class 1 had the lowest CLV severity; were more likely to be better educated, employed, and have little difficulty living on their incomes; and had better mental health than other classes. Class 2, characterized by moderate psychological violence as both target and perpetrator, had mean depression and PTSD scores at clinical levels, and more difficulty living on income than Class 1. Classes 3 and 4 were typified by high severity CLV as target but differentiated by Class 4 having the highest perpetration severity, higher GRC, and being older. In both classes, mean mental health scores were above cut-offs for clinical symptomology and higher than Classes 1 and 2. Conclusion This is the first evidence that distinct patterns of CLV severity among men intersect with GRC and SDOH and are uniquely associated with mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sue O’Donnell
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB Canada
| | - Nancy Perrin
- School of Nursing, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Judith Wuest
- Faculty of Nursing, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB Canada
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17
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Macassa G, Wijk K, Rashid M, Hiswåls AS, Daca C, Soares J. Interpersonal Violence Is Associated with Self-Reported Stress, Anxiety and Depression among Men in East-Central Sweden: Results of a Population-Based Survey. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020235. [PMID: 36837437 PMCID: PMC9963948 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Interpersonal violence is a social and public health problem globally, and though it is related to poor health outcomes across all genders, most research has been directed towards violence against women. As a result, the health consequences of men's victimization may be underreported and unaddressed. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between interpersonal violence and the psychological health outcomes of self-reported stress, anxiety, and depression among men. Materials and Methods: The study used data from the male sample (n = 2597) of the 2018 Health on Equal Terms Survey conducted in Gävleborg County in East-Central Sweden. Regression analysis was carried out to study the relationship between interpersonal violence and self-reported stress, anxiety, and depression. Results: The bivariate analysis showed that there was a statistically significant association between interpersonal violence and self-reported stress (OR 2.35; CI 1.45-3.81), anxiety (OR 1.54; CI 1.06-2.25), and depression (OR 2.30; CI 1.48-3.57). Controlling for other variables in the multivariate analysis removed the statistically significant relationship and reduced the odds ratios for stress (OR 1.46; CI 0.57-3.74), anxiety (OR 0.86; 0.40-1.84), and depression (OR 1.40; CI 0.67-3.32) respectively. Conclusions: The study found that interpersonal violence among men was associated with stress, anxiety and depression which was largely explained by demographic, socioeconomic, and health/behavior-related factors. The findings suggest the need for longitudinal studies to assess causal links between male victimization and psychological health outcomes at the county level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Macassa
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Occupational and Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Kungsbacksvägen 47, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
- EPIUnit–Instituto de Saude Publica, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Rua das Taipas 135, 4050-600 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence:
| | - Katarina Wijk
- Centre for Research and Development, Uppsala University, Region Gävleborg, 80187 Gävle, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, University of Gävle, Kungsbacksvägen 47, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, 75123 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mamunur Rashid
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Occupational and Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Kungsbacksvägen 47, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Anne-Sofie Hiswåls
- Department of Public Health and Sports Science, Faculty of Occupational and Health Sciences, University of Gävle, Kungsbacksvägen 47, 80176 Gävle, Sweden
| | - Chanvo Daca
- Department of Cooperation, Ministry of Health, Directorate of Planning and Cooperation, Avenida Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo P.O. Box 264, Mozambique
| | - Joaquim Soares
- Department of Health Sciences, Mid-Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85170 Sundsvall, Sweden
- Department of Psychology, Universidade Europeia, Estrada da Correia nº53, 1500-210 Lisbon, Portugal
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18
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Mellar BM, Gulliver PJ, Selak V, Hashemi L, McIntosh TKD, Fanslow JL. Association Between Men's Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence and Self-reported Health Outcomes in New Zealand. JAMA Netw Open 2023; 6:e2252578. [PMID: 36696112 PMCID: PMC10187486 DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.52578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Importance Health implications of intimate partner violence (IPV) against men is relatively underexplored, although substantial evidence has identified associations between IPV and long-term physical health problems for women. Given the gendered differences in IPV exposure patterns, exploration of men's IPV exposure and health outcomes using population-based samples is needed. Objective To assess the association between men's lifetime IPV exposure and self-reported health outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants This cross-sectional study analyzed data from the 2019 New Zealand Family Violence Study, which was conducted across 3 regions of New Zealand. The representative sample included ever-partnered men aged 16 years or older. Data analysis was performed between May and September 2022. Exposures Lifetime IPV against men by types (physical [severe or any], sexual, psychological, controlling behaviors, and economic abuse), any IPV (at least 1 type), and number of IPV types experienced. Main Outcomes and Measures The 7 health outcomes were poor general health, recent pain or discomfort, recent use of pain medication, frequent use of pain medication, recent health care consultation, any diagnosed physical health condition, and any diagnosed mental health condition. Results The sample comprised 1355 ever-partnered men (mean [SD] age, 51.3 [16.9] years), who predominantly identified as heterosexual (96.9%; 95% CI, 95.7%-97.8%). Half of the sample (49.9%) reported experiencing any lifetime IPV, of whom 62.1% reported at least 2 types. Of all sociodemographic subgroups, unemployed men had the greatest prevalence of reporting exposure to any IPV (69.2%) and all IPV types. After adjustment for sociodemographic factors, men's exposure to any lifetime IPV was associated with an increased likelihood of reporting 4 of the 7 assessed health outcomes: poor general health (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.78; 95% CI, 1.34-2.38), recent pain or discomfort (AOR, 1.65; 95% CI, 1.21-2.25), recent use of pain medication (AOR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.00-1.62), and any diagnosed mental health condition (AOR, 1.66; 95% CI, 1.11-2.49). Specific IPV types were inconsistently associated with poor health outcomes. Any physical IPV exposure was associated with poor general health (AOR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.33-2.43), recent pain or discomfort (AOR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.64-3.04), and frequent use of pain medication (AOR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.08-2.63), which appeared to be associated with exposure to severe physical IPV. Exposure to sexual IPV, controlling behaviors, and economic abuse was not associated with any assessed outcomes after sociodemographic adjustment. Experience of a higher number of IPV types did not show a clear stepwise association with number of health outcomes. Conclusions and Relevance Results of this study indicate that exposure to IPV can adversely affect men's health but is not consistently a factor in men's poor health at the population level. These findings do not warrant routine inquiry for IPV against men in clinical settings, although appropriate care is needed if IPV against men is identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brooklyn M. Mellar
- School of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Pauline J. Gulliver
- School of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vanessa Selak
- Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Ladan Hashemi
- School of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Violence and Society Centre, School of Policy and Global Affairs, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Tracey K. D. McIntosh
- School of Māori Studies and Pacific Studies, Faculty of Arts, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Janet L. Fanslow
- School of Social and Community Health, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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19
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Campoverde F, de las Casas M, Blitchtein-Winicki D. Is There an Association between Being a Victim of Physical Violence by Intimate Partner and Binge Drinking in Men and Women? Secondary Analysis of a National Study, Peru 2020. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:14403. [PMID: 36361292 PMCID: PMC9658480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between being a victim of physical violence by an intimate partner and binge drinking (BD) is a poorly explored line of research, especially in men. To determine the association between being a victim of physical violence by an intimate partner and BD in men and women in Peru in 2020, a secondary analytical cross-sectional study was conducted using the Demographic Health Survey. BD was categorized according to the Center of Disease Control definition for men and women, based on the type and amount of alcoholic beverage ingested. Physical violence was based the report of being hit with any part of the body or an object, by their intimate partner. To identify the association, a multivariable general linear model of the family and link log Poisson was used. The results were presented as prevalence ratios (PRs). In the adjusted models stratified by sex, a 90% greater likelihood of BD was found in male victims and an 80% higher probability among female victims (PRa 1.9, 95%CI 1.3;2.7, p < 0.001 vs. PRa 1.8, CI95% 1.1; 2.8, p = 0.013, respectively). An association was found between physical violence by an intimate partner and BD in the Peruvian population older than 15 years, in both men and women.
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Emezue CN, Dougherty DS, Enriquez M, Bullock L, Bloom TL. Perceptions of Risk for Dating Violence Among Rural Adolescent Males: An Interpretive Analysis. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221126884. [PMID: 36305641 PMCID: PMC9619278 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221126884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
About one in eight U.S. high school students in Grades 9 to 12 report experiencing teen dating violence (TDV) in the form of physical, sexual, or psychological dating violence in the past year in person, on school grounds, and online. Compared with their urban counterparts, rural teens face nearly double the rate of physical dating abuse and an elevated risk of experiencing multiple forms of violence. Rural young males are exposed to regional masculinities and gender norms that may simultaneously promote female subordination (a prelude to dating violence) while impeding help-seeking intentions. We used an interpretive and dialectical approach grounded in Relational Dialectics Theory to explore how rural young males perceive and describe their own risk of experiencing and perpetrating dating violence and the factors contributing to their help-seeking intentions and behaviors. Data from three focus groups and individual interviews with 27 rural young males (ages 15-24) were collated. We identified two central dialectical themes described as (a) Social Tension Dialectics (subthemes include: Abusive vs. Unhealthy Relationships: A Dialectic of Language; #MeToo vs. #WeToo: A Dialectic of Victimhood; "It's All Country Boys": A Dialectic of Masculinity) and (b) Help-Seeking Dialectics demonstrating the dual roles Religion, School Guidance Counselors, Peer Mentors, and Social Cohesion play in promoting or preventing dating violence. Overall, we found dialectic tensions in rural youth risk perceptions about dating violence. These findings bear implications for advocates and practitioners working with rural youth in planning developmentally and culturally appropriate TDV prevention programs, offering policy and research-relevant insight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuka Nestor Emezue
- Department of Women, Children and Family Nursing, College of Nursing, Rush University, Chicago, IL, USA,Chuka Nestor Emezue, Assistant Professor, Department of Women, Children and Family Nursing, College of Nursing, Rush University, 600 S. Paulina Street, Chicago, IL 60612-3801, USA.
| | - Debbie S. Dougherty
- College of Arts and Science Communication, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Maithe Enriquez
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Linda Bullock
- Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA,School of Nursing, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Tina L. Bloom
- Women’s and Children’s Health, School of Nursing, Notre Dame of Maryland University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Hing N, O’Mullan C, Mainey L, Greer N, Breen H. An integrative review of research on gambling and domestic and family violence: Fresh perspectives to guide future research. Front Psychol 2022; 13:987379. [PMID: 36312076 PMCID: PMC9606773 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.987379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an integrative review of research on domestic and family violence (DFV), including intimate partner violence (IPV), experienced by victims and perpetrators with a gambling problem. It aims to review, critique, and synthesize research on this topic to generate fresh and alternative perspectives to guide future research. Based on a systematic search of the academic literature and a targeted search of gray literature, the paper summarizes findings from empirical studies pertaining to the prevalence of perpetration and victimization, characteristics of perpetrators and victims, and explanations for this violence. Based on this review, the paper suggests several potential improvements that can be considered in future studies. These include a shift from focusing on situational violence to also include coercive control; greater sensitivity in research design and interpretation to gender differences in experiences of violence; and the need to include economic abuse as a form of DFV/IPV. Adopting a public health lens is also recommended to broaden the research focus from victims and perpetrators to also consider contextual factors. In particular, gambling research should examine the contribution of gambling products, practices, environments, and marketing to DFV/IPV and how this might be ameliorated. While research to date has drawn much needed attention to the risks that gambling presents for DFV/IPV, this review provides some suggestions for future research so that it can provide more nuanced findings to inform policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nerilee Hing
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia
- *Correspondence: Nerilee Hing,
| | - Cathy O’Mullan
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia
| | - Lydia Mainey
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Central Queensland University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - Nancy Greer
- School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, Australia
| | - Helen Breen
- Faculty of Business and Law and Arts, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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22
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Wathen CN, Mantler T. Trauma- and Violence-Informed Care: Orienting Intimate Partner Violence Interventions to Equity. CURR EPIDEMIOL REP 2022; 9:233-244. [PMID: 36212738 PMCID: PMC9527731 DOI: 10.1007/s40471-022-00307-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purposeof Review Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a complex traumatic experience that often co-occurs, or is causally linked, with other forms of structural violence and oppression. However, few IPV interventions integrate this social-ecological perspective. We examine trauma- and violence-informed care (TVIC) in the context of existing IPV interventions as an explicitly equity-oriented approach to IPV prevention and response. Recent Findings Systematic reviews of IPV interventions along the public health prevention spectrum show mixed findings, with those with a theoretically grounded, structural approach that integrates a trauma lens more likely to show benefit. Summary TVIC, embedded in survivor-centered protocols with an explicit theory of change, is emerging as an equity-promoting approach underpinning IPV intervention. Explicit attention to structural violence and the complexity of IPV, systems and sites of intervention, and survivors’ diverse and intersectional lived experiences has significant potential to transform policy and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Nadine Wathen
- Arthur Labatt Family School of Nursing, Western University, FIMS & Nursing Building, Room 2307, London, ON N6A 5B9 Canada
| | - Tara Mantler
- School of Health Studies, Western University, London, Canada
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23
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Aregger Lundh A, Tannlund C, Ekwall A. More support, knowledge and awareness are needed to prepare emergency department nurses to approach potential intimate partner violence victims. Scand J Caring Sci 2022; 37:397-405. [PMID: 36114694 DOI: 10.1111/scs.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intimate partner violence is a global health issue. In the emergency department, patients seek help for health problems that may be related to exposure to physical, psychological or sexual violence, or controlling behaviour from a current or former partner. Of the many victims that seek care in an emergency department, few are identified, especially among those whose chief complaint is not clearly related to recent physical abuse. Not having all the facts about a patient can jeopardise patient safety and delay treatment. The aim of this study was to describe experiences of caring for adults, subjected to intimate partner violence, from an emergency nurse perspective. METHODS A qualitative semi-structured interview study of nine emergency care specialist nurses was conducted using content analysis. FINDINGS Two categories emerged: 'Subtle signs' and 'Not being enough'. The short encounters in emergency care do not allow for deep conversations. The informants highlighted the need for more knowledge about what and how to ask in that specific context. Some mentioned situations where the question had been avoided due to lack of time to handle the answer. The interviews revealed the importance of regular discussions to increase awareness of intimate partner violence and its prevalence among patients. CONCLUSIONS The organisation plays an important role in putting the question about intimate partner violence on the daily agenda and giving time to emergency nurses and other professions for training and reflection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Anna Ekwall
- Skane University Hospital Emergency Department SE Malmö Sweden
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