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Saab MM, Shetty VN, McCarthy M, Davoren MP, Flynn A, Kirby A, Robertson S, Shorter GW, Murphy D, Rovito MJ, Shiely F, Hegarty J. Codesign and Launch of 'On the Ball': An Inclusive Community-Based 'Testicular Awareness' Campaign. Health Expect 2024; 27:e14100. [PMID: 38872440 PMCID: PMC11176580 DOI: 10.1111/hex.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Increased awareness of testicular diseases can lead to early diagnosis. Evidence suggests that men's awareness of testicular diseases is low, with many expressing their willingness to delay help-seeking for symptoms of concern. The risk of testicular diseases is higher in gender and sexual minority groups. In this study, we discuss the codesign, refinement and launch of 'On the Ball', an inclusive community-based 'testicular awareness' campaign. METHODS The World Café participatory research methodology was used. Individuals from Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ friendly organisations, testicular cancer survivors, policymakers, media/marketing experts and graphic designers were recruited. Participants were handed a brief for 'On the Ball', which was designed based on feedback from a previous World Café workshop. They were assigned to three tables. Participants rotated tables at random for three 20-min rounds of conversations. Each table had a facilitator who focussed on one element of the campaign brief. Data were collected using audio recorders and in writing and were analysed thematically. RESULTS Thirteen individuals participated in the workshop. The following themes emerged from the data: (i) campaign identity, (ii) campaign delivery and (iii) campaign impact. Participants recommended enhancements to the campaign logo, slogan, social media posts and poster. They suggested delivering the campaign online via social media and offline using various print and broadcast media. Participants recommended targeting areas with a large number of men such as workplaces. To help measure the impact of the campaign, participants proposed capturing social media analytics and tracking statistics relating to testicular diseases. Recommendations were used to refine the 'On the Ball' campaign and launch it in a university. In total, 411 students engaged with the various elements of the campaign during the soft launch. CONCLUSIONS 'On the Ball' campaign visuals ought to be inclusive. Online and offline campaign delivery is warranted to reach out to a wider cohort. Campaign impact can be captured using social media analytics as well as measuring clinical outcomes relating to testicular diseases. Future research is needed to implement the campaign online and offline, explore its impact and evaluate its feasibility, acceptability, cost and effect on promoting testicular awareness. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION The 'On the Ball' campaign was codesigned and refined with members of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ friendly organisations, testicular cancer survivors, health policymakers, media and marketing experts and graphic designers using the World Café participatory research methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Saab
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Varsha N Shetty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Megan McCarthy
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin P Davoren
- Sexual Health Centre, Cork, Ireland
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Angela Flynn
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Ann Kirby
- Department of Economics, Cork University Business School, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Steve Robertson
- School of Allied Health Professions, Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Gillian W Shorter
- Drug and Alcohol Research Network, School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | - David Murphy
- School of Computer Science & Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Michael J Rovito
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Frances Shiely
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- HRB Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Shekaraiah S, Suresh K. Effect of Face Mask on Voice Production During COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review. J Voice 2024; 38:446-457. [PMID: 34802856 PMCID: PMC8502684 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an ongoing global pandemic and wearing face mask is recommended across the globe to break the transmission chain of infection. The masks available in the market are of different types and materials and tend to alter the voice characteristics of the speaker. This can therefore impair optimal communication and the present study is a systematic review exploring the effect of various masks on voice production parameters. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review. MATERIALS AND METHODS The titles and abstracts screening was carried out for the inclusion of articles using eight electronic databases spanning the period from 1st January 2020 to 30th April 2021. 10 articles (8 published & 2 in pre-print) that met the inclusion criteria were considered for this systematic review and the pooled age range was 18 -69 years. RESULTS Three primary studies from the USA, 2 each from Australia & Italy, one each from Brazil, China, and Germany were found to have investigated the influence of wearing N95, KN95, surgical and fabric masks on voice related measures. The users significantly reported vocal fatigue, discomfort, and also perceived voice problems. Attenuation of speech sound amplitude was highest for the transparent mask followed by cloth mask, N95, KN95, and surgical mask. CONCLUSION The World Health Organization (WHO) has been repeatedly endorsing the need to use a face mask in the current COVID-19 pandemic. However, for an unintruded voice production, the surgical mask is recommended for everyone, including healthcare professionals when they are not in close contact with patients, and not involved in aerosol-generating procedures. For teachers, doing direct teaching (offline classes), 'surgical mask' can reduce the vocal load of teachers, smoothen the teacher-student interaction and thereby facilitate better learning by the students. Additionally, it would be useful to protect oneself from the risk of developing voice problems by following standard vocal healthcare tips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheela Shekaraiah
- Department of Speech and Hearing, Manipal College of Health Professions (MCHP), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Udupi, Karnataka, India.
| | - Kiran Suresh
- A. J. Institute of Speech and Hearing (AJISH), Mangalore, Karnataka, India
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Harrison C, Greves G, Barnard E, Davies A, McEleny K, Gordon U, Lucky M, Woodward B, Pacey A, Heatley M, Boivin J. The effect of an educational animation on knowledge of testicular health and fertility of adolescents. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:2470-2477. [PMID: 37805989 PMCID: PMC10694399 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does the provision of an educational animation, developed with young people, about testicular health and fertility impact the knowledge of these topics among adolescents? SUMMARY ANSWER The development and provision of education on testicular health and fertility were welcomed by adolescents and associated with a significant increase in knowledge. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Young people may know less than they should about testicular health and male fertility topics. Lack of knowledge can have implications for health including late medical help-seeking for signs and symptoms of scrotal disorders, such as torsion, for which late presentation frequently results in testicular damage. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A mixed methods experimental pre- and post-design was used with embedded qualitative data collection. High school students completed a pre-animation questionnaire, watched four animations on testicular health and fertility, and completed a post-animation questionnaire. Data were collected during Personal Social and Health Education lessons across a 2-week period. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Four animations on testicular health and fertility, informed by andrologists, academics, designers, boys, and young men, were developed. Eligible participants were boys and girls in the UK school years 8 and 9 (age 13-14 years). Participants completed a Time 1 (T1) survey (fertility knowledge, demographics) prior to watching the animations and a Time 2 (T2) survey (fertility knowledge, perceptions of the animations) immediately after the animations. Perceptions were rated on 10-point response scales (higher scores better). Participants additionally expressed in their own words positive and negative aspects of the animations. ANOVA was used to examine the effects of the animations using a 2 (time: T1, T2)×2 (gender: male, female) design on topic knowledge, perceived importance, usefulness, and style of the animations according to gender. Regression analysis examined the associations between gender, disability, class year, and knowledge at T2 while controlling for knowledge at T1. Qualitative data on perceptions of the animations were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Results showed that the animations significantly increased testicular health and fertility-related knowledge from T1 (x̄=41.84 ± 24.72) to T2 (x̄=79.15, ±15.04). Boys had significantly higher levels of knowledge compared to girls at T1 (x̄=44.74, SD = 25.16 versus x̄=37.79 ± 23.49, respectively) and T2 (x̄=80.07, SD = 15.68 versus x̄=77.89 ± 14.30, respectively) but knowledge gain from T1 to T2 was not significantly different according to gender (P = 0.11) as shown by non-significant gender×time interaction. There were no significant gender differences in the perceived usefulness and importance of the animations or liking of the style of the animations, with both genders considering the animations as useful, important, and likable. Regression analysis showed only knowledge at T1 to be significantly associated with knowledge at T2. Qualitative data showed three main themes: accessibility of important and useful information; information engagement and help-seeking behaviour; and inclusivity of information. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION This was a pre- and post-study with a sample of young people from a selected educational institution without a control group. Only short-term effects of the animations were recorded. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Adolescents are interested in and learn from the provision of engaging fertility-related information. Boys and men should be considered as being a relevant target population for fertility education, not just girls and women. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This research was carried out in partnership with the British Fertility Society, was financially supported by an Economic and Social Research Council Impact Acceleration Award (520792) and commercial sponsorship from iMediCare Ltd, Bayer AG, Merck Group, Cryos International given to the British Fertility Society, and a financial contribution from Orchid Cancer Appeal. The authors are fully responsible for the content of the animations and this manuscript, and the views and opinions described in the publication reflect solely those of the authors. J.B. reports a grant from Merck Serono Ltd outside the submitted work. C.H., G.G., A.D., E.B., U.G., M.L, B.W., and M.H. declare no conflict of interest. K.M. reports honoraria from Bayer and Merck. A.P. reports paid consultancy for Cryos International, Cytoswim Ltd, Exceed Health, and Merck Serono in the last 2 years, but all monies have been paid to the University of Sheffield. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Emma Barnard
- Ysgol Dyffryn Taf, Whitland, Carmarthenshire, UK
| | | | - Kevin McEleny
- Newcastle Fertility Centre, Times Square, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Uma Gordon
- Bristol Fertility Clinic, Spire Bristol Hospital, Redland, Bristol, UK
| | - Marc Lucky
- Urology Department, Aintree Hospital, Liverpool, UK
| | | | - Allan Pacey
- Department of Oncology and Metabolism, The Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, South Yorkshire, UK
| | | | - Jacky Boivin
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Saab MM, Shetty VN, McCarthy M, Davoren MP, Flynn A, Kirby A, Robertson S, Shorter GW, Murphy D, Rovito MJ, Shiely F, Hegarty J. Promoting 'testicular awareness': Co-design of an inclusive campaign using the World Café Methodology. Health Expect 2023; 27:e13898. [PMID: 37877701 PMCID: PMC10726274 DOI: 10.1111/hex.13898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testicular cancer is the most common cancer in men aged 15-44 years in many countries. Most men with testicular cancer present with a lump. Testicular symptoms are more likely to occur secondary to benign diseases like epididymo-orchitis, a common sexually transmitted infection. Gender and sexual minorities are at an increased risk of testicular diseases and health disparities. The aim of this study was to co-design an inclusive community-based campaign to promote testicular awareness. METHODS This study uses the World Café methodology. Participation was sought from Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ friendly organisations, testicular cancer survivors, health policy makers, media and marketing experts and graphic designers. Participants engaged in three rounds of conversations to co-design the campaign. Data were collected using drawing sheets, artefact cards, sticky notes, coloured markers and a voice recorder. Deductive thematic analysis was conducted. RESULTS Seventeen individuals participated in the study. Six themes emerged from the analysis as follows: (i) online communication; (ii) offline communication; (iii) behavioural targeting and education; (iv) campaign frequency and reach; (v) demographic segmentation; and (vi) campaign identity. The use of social media for campaign delivery featured strongly in all conversations. Participants also recommended offline communication using posters and radio/television advertisements to scale up the campaign and achieve wider reach. Advertisements to overcome embarrassment surrounding testicular health were particularly recommended. Participants emphasised that campaign delivery must be dynamic whilst ensuring that the health-promoting messages are not diluted or lost. They stressed the importance of being inclusive and tailoring the campaign to different age groups, gender identities and sexual orientations. CONCLUSIONS Study recommendations will be used to design and deliver the campaign. Future research will be needed to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability, cost and effect of the campaign on promoting testicular awareness and early detection of testicular diseases. PATIENT OR PUBLIC CONTRIBUTION A participatory research approach was used to co-design the campaign with members of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Queer+ (LGBTQ+) friendly organisations, LGBTQ+ student bodies, LGBTQ+ staff networks, LGBTQ+ sports clubs, men's health organisations, testicular cancer survivors, health policy makers, media and marketing experts and graphic designers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M. Saab
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Varsha N. Shetty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Megan McCarthy
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Martin P. Davoren
- Sexual Health CentreCorkIreland
- School of Public HealthUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Angela Flynn
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Ann Kirby
- Department of Economics, Cork University Business SchoolUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Steve Robertson
- School of Allied Health Professions, Nursing & Midwifery, Faculty of HealthUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldUK
| | | | - David Murphy
- School of Computer Science & Information TechnologyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Michael J. Rovito
- Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and SciencesUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFloridaUSA
| | - Frances Shiely
- School of Public HealthUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
- HRB Clinical Research FacilityUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- Catherine McAuley School of Nursing and MidwiferyUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
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Saab MM, Davoren MP, Murphy A, Murphy D, Cooke E, Landers M, Fitzgerald S, Richardson N, Rovito MJ, Von Wagner C, Murphy M, Dahly D, Hegarty J. Promoting men's awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions. HRB Open Res 2023; 1:16. [PMID: 32002508 PMCID: PMC6973532 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12837.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is among the most commonly diagnosed cancers in men aged 15-40 years. The incidence of TC is on the rise. Benign testicular disorders, such as testicular torsion and epididymitis, can lead to testicular ischemia, sepsis, and infertility if left untreated. This updated systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of studies promoting men's knowledge and awareness of testicular disorders and/or self-examination, behaviours and/or intentions to examine their testes, and help-seeking behaviours and/or intentions for testicular disorder symptoms. Methods: Academic Search Complete, Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, the Cochrane Library, the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, and Clinicaltrials.gov were searched for studies published between April 2018 and August 2023. Methodological quality was assessed and results were synthesised meta-narratively. Results: Five studies were included. The majority of the reviewed interventions were successful in increasing men's awareness of TC and self-examination, including a PowerPoint presentation, an online educational brochure, video-assisted teaching, a motivational video, and a virtual reality game. Only one study addressed help-seeking for testicular symptoms and promoted men's awareness of benign as well as malignant testicular diseases. Conclusions: This review highlights the importance of evaluating innovative educational interventions aimed at younger men, whilst raising their awareness of testicular disorders and increasing their help-seeking intentions for testicular disorder symptoms. Given the lack of consensus around scheduled testicular self-examination among younger men, clinicians are encouraged to instruct men to familiarise themselves with the look and feel of their own testes and to seek timely medical attention for abnormalities. Registration: The protocol of the previous version of this review was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42018093671.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M. Saab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin P. Davoren
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Sexual Health Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - David Murphy
- School of Computer Science & Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoghan Cooke
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Health Research Board National Clinical Trials Office, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Margaret Landers
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Serena Fitzgerald
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- Department of Science and Health, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Rovito
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Christian Von Wagner
- Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mike Murphy
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Darren Dahly
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Rovito MJ, Allen K, Nangia A, Craycraft M, Cary C, Lutz M, Lyon T, Fadich A, Baird B, Welch MG, Alcantara A. A Call to Action to Review the USPSTF's Recommendation for Testicular Self-Examination. Am J Mens Health 2022; 16:15579883221130186. [PMID: 36214273 PMCID: PMC9558879 DOI: 10.1177/15579883221130186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
We urge the United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) to call for a formal review of the evidence regarding testicular self-examination (TSE). Twelve years have since passed since the evidence was last formally analyzed where normally re-reviews occur in 5-year cycles. If they would decide to move forward with this action, we ask for the USPSTF to review their methods for establishing recommendations to optimize their rating system operationalization process. Finally, emerging evidence demonstrates a net positive effect of TSE. This stands in contrast to the assertions of TSE's supposed harm that is prevalent in the literature as well as the rationale behind the USPSTF's "D" rating of TSE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Rovito
- Testicular Cancer Research
Collaborative, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA,Michael J. Rovito, Testicular Cancer
Research Collaborative, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health
Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, 4364 Scorpius St., HS2
Room 215, Orlando, FL 32828, USA.
| | - Keri Allen
- Testicular Cancer Research
Collaborative, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Ajay Nangia
- Department of Urology, University of
Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | | | - Clint Cary
- Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN,
USA
| | - Michael Lutz
- Michigan Institute of Urology, West
Bloomfield, MI, USA
| | | | - Ana Fadich
- Men’s Health Network, Washington, DC,
USA
| | | | - Morgan Garrett Welch
- Testicular Cancer Research
Collaborative, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - Alexie Alcantara
- Testicular Cancer Research
Collaborative, Department of Health Sciences, College of Health Professions and
Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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Assidi M. Infertility in Men: Advances towards a Comprehensive and Integrative Strategy for Precision Theranostics. Cells 2022; 11:cells11101711. [PMID: 35626747 PMCID: PMC9139678 DOI: 10.3390/cells11101711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Male infertility is an increasing and serious medical concern, though the mechanism remains poorly understood. Impaired male reproductive function affects approximately half of infertile couples worldwide. Multiple factors related to the environment, genetics, age, and comorbidities have been associated with impaired sperm function. Present-day clinicians rely primarily on standard semen analysis to diagnose male reproductive potential and develop treatment strategies. To address sperm quality assessment bias and enhance analysis accuracy, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended standardized sperm testing; however, conventional diagnostic and therapeutic options for male infertility, including physical examination and semen standard analysis, remain ineffective in relieving the associated social burden. Instead, assisted reproductive techniques are becoming the primary therapeutic approach. In the post-genomic era, multiomics technologies that deeply interrogate the genome, transcriptome, proteome, and/or the epigenome, even at single-cell level, besides the breakthroughs in robotic surgery, stem cell therapy, and big data, offer promises towards solving semen quality deterioration and male factor infertility. This review highlights the complex etiology of male infertility, especially the roles of lifestyle and environmental factors, and discusses advanced technologies/methodologies used in characterizing its pathophysiology. A comprehensive combination of these innovative approaches in a global and multi-centric setting and fulfilling the suitable ethical consent could ensure optimal reproductive and developmental outcomes. These combinatorial approaches should allow for the development of diagnostic markers, molecular stratification classes, and personalized treatment strategies. Since lifestyle choices and environmental factors influence male fertility, their integration in any comprehensive approach is required for safe, proactive, cost-effective, and noninvasive precision male infertility theranostics that are affordable, accessible, and facilitate couples realizing their procreation dream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mourad Assidi
- Center of Excellence in Genomic Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; ; Tel.: +966-(012)-6402000 (ext. 69267)
- Medical Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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Karazeybek E, Özdemir C, Temür BN, Aksoy N. Beliefs and behaviours of students in
health‐related
faculties regarding testicular
self‐examination. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF UROLOGICAL NURSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/ijun.12294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Cafer Özdemir
- Faculty of Nursing Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
| | | | - Nilgün Aksoy
- Faculty of Nursing Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey
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Hampl DSR. Editorial Comment: Presentation delay, misdiagnosis, inter-hospital transfer times and surgical outcomes in testicular torsion: analysis of statewide case series from central Brazil. Int Braz J Urol 2020; 46:982-983. [PMID: 32822126 PMCID: PMC7527086 DOI: 10.1590/s1677-5538.ibju.2019.0660.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Sá Rego Hampl
- Serviço de Urologia, Hospital Municipal, Souza Aguiar, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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Zahirian Moghadam T, Mohseni Rad H, Zandian H, Hosseinkhani A. Five testicles in the genital area of a thirteen-month-old baby: a case report. BMC Urol 2020; 20:128. [PMID: 32819440 PMCID: PMC7439670 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-020-00681-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyorchidism is a congenital anomaly of the urogenital system and means more than two testes. It is a rare phenomenon, where there are no more than 200 reported cases in the literature. In this case, we report a 13-month year's old case with five testicles. CASE PRESENTATION We report a rare five testicles in the genital area of a 13-month-old baby. The initial diagnosis was undescended testis (UDT) based on ultrasound findings where a testis in the abdomen and a testis in the inguinal canal were detected. Surgery with general anaesthesia was performed to diagnose and treat this case. Before surgery, four HCG 1200u injections were administered. During the operation, it was determined that the case had had five testicles. Testicles were on the left in the proximal inguinal canal, and the sac hernia was ligated parallel to the inner ring. The patient was followed up several times after surgery by a urologist, and the results showed that there were no problems, and the intervention was uncomplicated. CONCLUSION Based on the result, it is not possible to diagnose such cases only by examination or ultrasound in infant patients, as the patient often presents with undescended testis (UDT), so the disease is diagnosed only through surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Telma Zahirian Moghadam
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamed Mohseni Rad
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Imam Reza Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hamed Zandian
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Ali Hosseinkhani
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Allied Medical Sciences, Imam Reza Hospital, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Saab MM, Davoren MP, Murphy A, Murphy D, Cooke E, Landers M, Fitzgerald S, Richardson N, Rovito MJ, Von Wagner C, Murphy M, Dahly D, Hegarty J. Promoting men's awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions. HRB Open Res 2018; 1:16. [PMID: 32002508 PMCID: PMC6973532 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12837.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is commonly diagnosed among men aged 15-40 years. The incidence of TC is on the rise. Benign testicular disorders such as testicular torsion and epididymitis can lead to testicular ischemia, sepsis, and infertility if left untreated. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of studies promoting men's knowledge and awareness of testicular disorders and/or self-examination, behaviours and/or intentions to examine their testes, and help-seeking behaviours and/or intentions for testicular symptoms. Methods: Academic Search Complete, Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, ERIC, the Cochrane Library, the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Clinicaltrials.gov, Grey Literature Report, and Open Grey were searched for studies published between November 2014 and April 2018. The methodological quality and level of evidence per outcome were assessed. Results: There were five papers included: two were experimental studies, two were systematic reviews, and one was an integrative review. The majority of the reviewed interventions were successful in increasing men's awareness of TC and self-examination. Examples include a television show featuring a celebrity with TC, a university campaign, and interactive educational sessions. The impact of the reviewed interventions on health beliefs (i.e. perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy) varied across the reviewed literature. Studies promoting help-seeking for testicular symptoms and awareness of benign testicular disorders were lacking. Conclusions: This review highlights the importance of evaluating educational interventions aimed at younger men, whilst raising their awareness of testicular disorders and increasing their help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms. Given the lack of consensus around scheduled testicular self-examination among younger men, clinicians are encouraged to instruct men to familiarise themselves with the look and feel of their own testes and to seek timely medical attention for abnormalities. Registration: The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42018093671.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M. Saab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin P. Davoren
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Sexual Health Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - David Murphy
- School of Computer Science & Information Technology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoghan Cooke
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Health Research Board National Clinical Trials Office, College of Medicine & Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Margaret Landers
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Serena Fitzgerald
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- Department of Science and Health, South East Technological University, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Michael J. Rovito
- College of Health Professions and Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Christian Von Wagner
- Behavioural Science and Health, Institute of Epidemiology & Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mike Murphy
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Darren Dahly
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Saab MM, Davoren M, Murphy A, Murphy D, Cooke E, Landers M, Fitzgerald S, Richardson N, Rovito M, Von Wagner C, Murphy M, Dahly D, Hegarty J. Promoting men's awareness, self-examination, and help-seeking for testicular disorders: a systematic review of interventions. HRB Open Res 2018. [PMID: 32002508 DOI: 10.12688/hrbopenres.12837.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Testicular cancer (TC) is commonly diagnosed among men aged 15-40 years. The incidence of TC is on the rise. Benign testicular disorders such as testicular torsion and epididymitis can lead to testicular ischemia, sepsis, and infertility if left untreated. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of studies promoting men's knowledge and awareness of testicular disorders and/or self-examination, behaviours and/or intentions to examine their testes, and help-seeking behaviours and/or intentions for testicular symptoms. Methods: Academic Search Complete, Medline, CINAHL, PsychINFO, ERIC, the Cochrane Library, the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry Platform, Clinicaltrials.gov, Grey Literature Report, and Open Grey were searched for studies published between November 2014 and April 2018. The methodological quality and level of evidence per outcome were assessed. Results: There were five papers included: two were experimental studies, two were systematic reviews, and one was an integrative review. The majority of the reviewed interventions were successful in increasing men's awareness of TC and self-examination. Examples include a television show featuring a celebrity with TC, a university campaign, and interactive educational sessions. The impact of the reviewed interventions on health beliefs (i.e. perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy) varied across the reviewed literature. Studies promoting help-seeking for testicular symptoms and awareness of benign testicular disorders were lacking. Conclusions: This review highlights the importance of evaluating educational interventions aimed at younger men, whilst raising their awareness of testicular disorders and increasing their help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms. Given the lack of consensus around scheduled testicular self-examination among younger men, clinicians are encouraged to instruct men to familiarise themselves with the look and feel of their own testes and to seek timely medical attention for abnormalities. Registration: The review protocol was registered with the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under the registration number CRD42018093671.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Saab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Martin Davoren
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.,Sexual Health Centre, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aileen Murphy
- Department of Economics, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - David Murphy
- Department of Computer Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Eoghan Cooke
- Department of Computer Science, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Margaret Landers
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Serena Fitzgerald
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Noel Richardson
- Department of Science and Health, Institute of Technology Carlow, Carlow, Ireland
| | - Michael Rovito
- College of Health and Public Affairs, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida, USA
| | - Christian Von Wagner
- Research Department of Behavioural Science and Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Mike Murphy
- School of Applied Psychology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Darren Dahly
- Health Research Board Clinical Research Facility, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Mensah KB, Oosthuizen F, Bonsu AB. Cancer awareness among community pharmacist: a systematic review. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:299. [PMID: 29548307 PMCID: PMC5857088 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4195-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The WHO recognises that community pharmacists are the most accessible healthcare professionals to the general public. Most patients regularly visit community pharmacies for health information and also seek advice from pharmacists with respect to signs and symptoms of cancer. As readily accessible health care professionals, community pharmacists are also in the best position to include cancer-screening initiatives into their practice. Pharmacists are therefore in a good position to raise awareness when they counsel people who buy over-the-counter medication for the control of possible cancer-related symptoms. The aim of this review was to critically appraise evidence gathered from studies that; (1) explore or assess knowledge of community pharmacist on signs and symptoms of cancer, (2) explore or assess knowledge of community pharmacist on cancer screening. Methods EMBASE (ovid), CINAHL (EBSCOhost) and MEDLINE (EBSCOhost) were systematically searched for studies conducted between 2005 to July 2017. Studies that focused on knowledge of community pharmacist in cancer screening, signs and symptoms were included. Results A total of 1538 articles were identified from the search, of which 4 out of the 28 potentially relevant abstracts were included in the review. Findings of the selected studies revealed lack of sufficient knowledge on breast cancer screening, signs and symptoms. Both studies attributed knowledge limitation as the cause of reason for the key findings of their studies. Conclusion The selected studies focused largely on breast cancer, which hinder the generalizability and transferability of the findings. Hence there is a need for more studies to be conducted in this area to draw a better conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi Boamah Mensah
- National Center for Radiotherapy & Nuclear Medicine, Directorate of Oncology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Box 1934, Kumasi, Ghana. .,University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Westville Campus, University Road, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Frasia Oosthuizen
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Westville Campus, University Road, Durban, South Africa
| | - Adwoa Bemah Bonsu
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Department of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science & Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Saleem D, Muneer S, Younus Khan RF, Ochani RK, Ahmed SS, Begg M, Siddiqi TJ, Abbas SR, Naseeb MW, Farooqui MO, Shaikh FH, Kirmani R, Ullah H, Fatima K. Knowledge, Attitude and Practices Regarding Benign Testicular Disorders in the Educated Young Men of Pakistan. Cureus 2017; 9:e1563. [PMID: 29057175 PMCID: PMC5640388 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.1563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been seen that despite the increasing incidence of benign testicular disorders (BTDs), little work has been done towards its awareness among the male populace. Also, the trend of not seeking help in this regard is concerning. In this study, we aim to better perceive the level of understanding and common practices regarding BTDs among educated young men. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out among two groups of ages 14-20 and 21-28 years. The inclusion criterion was that of educated males in an urban setting. Data were collected through a standardized questionnaire using cluster sampling by independent interviewers. The questionnaire consisted of four parts dealing with demographics, knowledge, attitudes and practices. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U test were used as the primary statistical tests. Results The sample population consisted of an equal number of participants between the ages of 14 and 20, and between 21 and 28 years (n = 200, 50%). About half the participants (n = 215, 53.8%) were not familiar with the term BTDs. The majority (n = 324, 78.8%) of participants were not aware of symptoms of BTDs. Three-fourth of the participants believed that the subject is considered taboo in Pakistan (n = 307, 73.6%) while a majority of participants (n = 340, 85%) believed media coverage can help spread awareness of BTDs. A huge number (n = 268, 67%) thought that BTDs can cause fertility problems while one-third of them would not perform testicular self-examination (TSE) in case of pain or swelling in the scrotal region (n = 119, 29.8). The level of education and age were significantly associated with the knowledge regarding symptoms and types of BTDs. Conclusion Knowledge of BTDs and practices of TSE in the young educated men of Karachi are alarmingly poor. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create awareness at all levels using different strategies and platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dua Saleem
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Samra Muneer
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rohan Kumar Ochani
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Saadan Ahmed
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Maha Begg
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Tariq J Siddiqi
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Syed Raza Abbas
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad W Naseeb
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Fahad H Shaikh
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Hurmat Ullah
- Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Kaneez Fatima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences (DUHS), Karachi, Pakistan
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15
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Saab MM, Landers M, Hegarty J. Exploring men's preferred strategies for learning about testicular disorders inclusive of testicular cancer: A qualitative descriptive study. Eur J Oncol Nurs 2017; 26:27-35. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejon.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Saab MM, Landers M, Hegarty J. Exploring awareness and help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms among heterosexual, gay, and bisexual men in Ireland: A qualitative descriptive study. Int J Nurs Stud 2016; 67:41-50. [PMID: 27915088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2016.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/27/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of malignant and benign testicular disorders among young men is on the rise. Evidence from three reviews suggest that men's knowledge of these disorders is lacking and their help-seeking intention for testicular symptoms is suboptimal. Qualitative studies have addressed men's awareness of testicular cancer, with none exploring their awareness of non-malignant diseases such as epididymitis, testicular torsion, and varicocele and none including sexual minorities. OBJECTIVE To explore, in-depth, heterosexual, gay, and bisexual men's awareness of testicular disorders and their help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms in the Irish context. DESIGN This study used a qualitative descriptive approach. Data were collected via face-to-face individual interviews and focus groups. SETTINGS Participation was sought from a number of community and youth organisations and one university in Southern Ireland. PARTICIPANTS Maximum variation and snowball sampling were used to recruit a heterogeneous sample. A total of 29 men partook in this study. Participants were men, aged between 18 and 50 years, and residents of the Republic of Ireland. METHODS All interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Reflective field notes were taken following each interview. A summary of the interview was shared with selected participants for member-check. Data were analysed and validated by three researchers. Inductive qualitative analysis of manifest content was used. Latent content was captured in the field notes. Data analysis yielded two key themes. RESULTS The themes that emerged from the interviews were: Awareness of testicular disorders and their screening, and help-seeking intentions for testicular symptoms. Although most participants heard of testicular cancer, most did not know the different aspects of this malignancy including its risk factors, symptoms, treatments, and screening. Several men had a number of misconceptions around testicular disorders which negatively impacted their intentions to seek prompt help. Intentions to delay help-seeking for testicular symptoms were often linked to a number of emotional factors including fear and embarrassment, and social normative factors such as machoism and stoicism. In this study, culture was perceived by some participants as a barrier to awareness and help-seeking. In contrast, many believed that young men, especially those who self-identify as gay, are becoming increasingly interested in their own health. CONCLUSION Findings suggest the need to educate young men about testicular disorders and symptoms. This could be achieved through conducting health promotion campaigns that appeal to younger men, drafting national men's health policies, and normalising open discussions about testicular health at a young age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamad M Saab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Margaret Landers
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Josephine Hegarty
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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