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Chen M, Shin M, Ware TB, Donvito G, Muchhala KH, Mischel R, Mustafa MA, Serbulea V, Upchurch CM, Leitinger N, Akbarali HI, Lichtman AH, Hsu KL. Endocannabinoid biosynthetic enzymes regulate pain response via LKB1-AMPK signaling. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2304900120. [PMID: 38109529 PMCID: PMC10756258 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2304900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Diacylglycerol lipase-beta (DAGLβ) serves as a principal 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG) biosynthetic enzyme regulating endocannabinoid and eicosanoid metabolism in immune cells including macrophages and dendritic cells. Genetic or pharmacological inactivation of DAGLβ ameliorates inflammation and hyper-nociception in preclinical models of pathogenic pain. These beneficial effects have been assigned principally to reductions in downstream proinflammatory lipid signaling, leaving alternative mechanisms of regulation largely underexplored. Here, we apply quantitative chemical- and phospho-proteomics to find that disruption of DAGLβ in primary macrophages leads to LKB1-AMPK signaling activation, resulting in reprogramming of the phosphoproteome and bioenergetics. Notably, AMPK inhibition reversed the antinociceptive effects of DAGLβ blockade, thereby directly supporting DAGLβ-AMPK crosstalk in vivo. Our findings uncover signaling between endocannabinoid biosynthetic enzymes and ancient energy-sensing kinases to mediate cell biological and pain responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Myungsun Shin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Timothy B. Ware
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
| | - Giulia Donvito
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Karan H. Muchhala
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Ryan Mischel
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Mohammed A. Mustafa
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Vlad Serbulea
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA22908
| | - Clint M. Upchurch
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA22908
| | - Norbert Leitinger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA22908
| | - Hamid I. Akbarali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Aron H. Lichtman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA23298
| | - Ku-Lung Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22904
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA22908
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22908
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Cancer Biology Program, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA22903
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Liu J, Wong SSC. Molecular Mechanisms and Pathophysiological Pathways of High-Fat Diets and Caloric Restriction Dietary Patterns on Pain. Anesth Analg 2023; 137:137-152. [PMID: 36729981 DOI: 10.1213/ane.0000000000006289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Pain perception provides evolutionary advantages by enhancing the probability of survival, but chronic pain continues to be a significant global health concern in modern society. Various factors are associated with pain alteration. Accumulating evidence has revealed that obesity correlates with enhanced pain perception, especially in chronic pain individuals. Existing dietary patterns related to obesity are primarily high-fat diets (HFD) and calorie restriction (CR) diets, which induce or alleviate obesity separately. HFD has been shown to enhance nociception while CR tends to alleviate pain when measuring pain outcomes. Herein, this review mainly summarizes the current knowledge of the effects of HFD and CR on pain responses and underlying molecular mechanisms of the immunological factors, metabolic regulation, inflammatory processes, Schwann cell (SC) autophagy, gut microbiome, and other pathophysiological signaling pathways involved. This review would help to provide insights on potential nonpharmacological strategies of dietary patterns in relieving pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Liu
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R.C
| | - Stanley Sau Ching Wong
- From the Department of Anesthesiology, School of Clinical Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- Laboratory and Clinical Research Institute for Pain, Department of Anesthesiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, P.R.C
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Park Y, Watkins BA. Dietary PUFAs and Exercise Dynamic Actions on Endocannabinoids in Brain: Consequences for Neural Plasticity and Neuroinflammation. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1989-2001. [PMID: 35675221 PMCID: PMC9526838 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain and peripheral nervous system provide oversight to muscle physiology and metabolism. Muscle is the largest organ in the body and critical for glucose sensitivity, prevention of diabetes, and control of obesity. The central nervous system produces endocannabinoids (eCBs) that play a role in brain neurobiology, such as inflammation and pain. Interestingly, studies in humans and rodents show that a moderate duration of exercise increases eCBs in the brain and blood and influences cannabinoid receptors. Cannabinoid actions in the nervous system have advanced our understanding of pain, well-being, and disease. Nutrition is an important aspect of brain and eCB physiology because eCBs are biosynthesized from PUFAs. The primary eCB metabolites are derived from arachidonic acid, a 20:4n-6 (ω-6) PUFA, and the n-3 (ω-3) PUFAs, EPA and DHA. The eCBs bind to cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2 to exert a wide range of activities, such as stimulating appetite, influencing energy metabolism, supporting the immune system, and facilitating neuroplasticity. A diet containing different essential n-6 and n-3 PUFAs will dominate the formation of specific eCBs, and subsequently their actions as ligands for CB1 and CB2. The eCBs also function as substrates for cyclooxygenase enzymes, including potential substrates for the oxylipins (OxLs), which can be proinflammatory. Together, the eCBs and OxLs act as modulators of neuroinflammation. Thus, dietary PUFAs have implications for exercise responses via synthesis of eCBs and their effects on neuroinflammation. Neurotrophins also participate in interactions between diet and the eCBs, specifically brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). BDNF supports neuroplasticity in cooperation with the endocannabinoid system (ECS). This review will describe the role of PUFAs in eCB biosynthesis, discuss the ECS and OxLs in neuroinflammation, highlight the evidence for exercise effects on eCBs, and describe eCB and BDNF actions on neuroplasticity.
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Garner KM, Burton MD. The sex-specific role of sensory neuron LKB1 on metabolic stress-induced mechanical hypersensitivity and mitochondrial respiration. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2022; 323:R227-R243. [PMID: 35503781 PMCID: PMC9306793 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00279.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pain disorders induce metabolic stress in peripheral sensory neurons by reducing mitochondrial output, shifting cellular metabolism, and altering energy use. These processes implicate neuronal metabolism as an avenue for creating novel therapeutics. Liver kinase B1 (LKB1) mediates the cellular response to metabolic stress by inducing the AMPK pathway. The LKB1-AMPK pathway increases energy producing processes, including mitochondrial output. These processes inhibit pain by directly or indirectly restoring energetic balance within a cell. Although the LKB1-AMPK pathway has been linked to pain relief, it is not yet known which cell is responsible for this property, as well any direct ties to cellular metabolism. To elucidate this, we developed a genetic mouse model where LKB1 is selectively removed from Nav1.8-pain sensory neurons and metabolically stressed them by fasting for 24 hours. We found females, but not males, had neuron-specific, LKB1-dependent restoration of metabolic stress-induced mitochondrial metabolism. This was reflected in mechanical hypersensitivity, where the absence of LKB1 led to hypersensitivity in female, but not male, animals. This discrepancy suggests a sex- and cell-specific contribution to LKB1-depdendent fasting-induced mechanical hypersensitivity. While our data represent a potential role for LKB1 in anti-pain pathways in a metabolic-specific manner, more must be done to investigate these sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Marie Garner
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
| | - Michael D Burton
- Neuroimmunology and Behavior Laboratory, Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, Center for Advanced Pain Studies, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, United States
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Elma Ö, Lebuf E, Marnef AQ, Tümkaya Yilmaz S, Coppieters I, Clarys P, Nijs J, Malfliet A, Deliens T. Diet can exert both analgesic and pronociceptive effects in acute and chronic pain models: a systematic review of preclinical studies. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:2195-2217. [PMID: 34096825 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1934956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although diet is an essential aspect of human health, the link between diet and pain is still not well understood. Preclinical animal research provides information to understand underlying mechanisms that allow identifying the needs for human research. OBJECTIVES This study aims to give a systematic overview of the current evidence from preclinical studies regarding the analgesic and pronociceptive effects of various diets in non-neuropathic, non-cancer, or non-visceral acute and chronic pain models. STUDY DESIGN A systematic Review. SETTING This study examined studies that investigate the analgesic and pronociceptive effects of various diets in non-neuropathic, non-cancer, or non-visceral acute and chronic pain models. METHODS This review was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines and was registered in PROSPERO with the registration number CRD42019133473. The certainty of evidence was examined by a modified GRADE approach. RESULTS After the screening process twenty-four eligible papers were included in this review. Nineteen studies examined acute pain, nine studies chronic inflammatory pain, and four studies assessed both acute and chronic pain models. LIMITATIONS Due to the heterogeneity of the included studies, a meta-analysis was not included in this study. CONCLUSIONS In animal models, excessive saturated, monounsaturated or omega-6 polyunsaturated fat ingestion and diets rich in fats and carbohydrates can decrease pain sensitivity in acute nociceptive pain, whereas it can induce mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia in chronic inflammatory pain. Additionally, diets rich in anti-inflammatory ingredients, as well as a calorie-restricted diet can promote recovery from primary mechanical allodynia and heat hyperalgesia in chronic inflammatory pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Elma
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Pain in Motion international research group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Elien Lebuf
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Arturo Quiroz Marnef
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sevilay Tümkaya Yilmaz
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Pain in Motion international research group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Iris Coppieters
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Pain in Motion international research group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Clarys
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jo Nijs
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Pain in Motion international research group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium.,Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anneleen Malfliet
- Department of Physiotherapy, Human Physiology and Anatomy, Faculty of Physical Education & Physiotherapy, Pain in Motion international research group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Physical Medicine and Physiotherapy, University Hospital Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Tom Deliens
- Department of Movement and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
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Hoyer-Allo KJR, Späth MR, Hanssen R, Johnsen M, Brodesser S, Kaufmann K, Kiefer K, Koehler FC, Göbel H, Kubacki T, Grundmann F, Schermer B, Brüning J, Benzing T, Burst V, Müller RU. Modulation of Endocannabinoids by Caloric Restriction Is Conserved in Mice but Is Not Required for Protection from Acute Kidney Injury. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115485. [PMID: 34067475 PMCID: PMC8196977 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a frequent and critical complication in the clinical setting. In rodents, AKI can be effectively prevented through caloric restriction (CR), which has also been shown to increase lifespan in many species. In Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), longevity studies revealed that a marked CR-induced reduction of endocannabinoids may be a key mechanism. Thus, we hypothesized that regulation of endocannabinoids, particularly arachidonoyl ethanolamide (AEA), might also play a role in CR-mediated protection from renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in mammals including humans. In male C57Bl6J mice, CR significantly reduced renal IRI and led to a significant decrease of AEA. Supplementation of AEA to near-normal serum concentrations by repetitive intraperitoneal administration in CR mice, however, did not abrogate the protective effect of CR. We also analyzed serum samples taken before and after CR from patients of three different pilot trials of dietary interventions. In contrast to mice and C. elegans, we detected an increase of AEA. We conclude that endocannabinoid levels in mice are modulated by CR, but CR-mediated renal protection does not depend on this effect. Moreover, our results indicate that modulation of endocannabinoids by CR in humans may differ fundamentally from the effects in animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla Johanna Ruth Hoyer-Allo
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Martin Richard Späth
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Ruth Hanssen
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEPD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Marc Johnsen
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Susanne Brodesser
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Kathrin Kaufmann
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Katharina Kiefer
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Felix Carlo Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Heike Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany;
| | - Torsten Kubacki
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Franziska Grundmann
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Jens Brüning
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Gleueler Str. 50, 50931 Cologne, Germany;
- Policlinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Preventive Medicine (PEPD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 62, 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
| | - Volker Burst
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (R.-U.M.)
| | - Roman-Ulrich Müller
- Department II of Internal Medicine and Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne, University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Kerpener Str. 37, 50937 Cologne, Germany; (K.J.R.H.-A.); (M.R.S.); (M.J.); (F.C.K.); (T.K.); (F.G.); (B.S.); (T.B.)
- Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, Joseph-Stelzmann-Straße 26, 50931 Cologne, Germany; (S.B.); (K.K.); (K.K.); (J.B.)
- Correspondence: (V.B.); (R.-U.M.)
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Endocannabinoids and aging-Inflammation, neuroplasticity, mood and pain. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 2021; 115:129-172. [PMID: 33706946 DOI: 10.1016/bs.vh.2020.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Aging is associated with changes in hormones, slowing of metabolism, diminished physiological processes, chronic inflammation and high exposure to oxidative stress factors, generally described as the biological cost of living. Lifestyle interventions of diet and exercise can improve the quality of life during aging and lower diet-related chronic disease. The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has important effects on systemic metabolism and physiological systems, including the central and peripheral nervous systems. Exercise can reduce the loss of muscle mass and improve strength, and increase the levels of endocannabinoids (eCB) in brain and blood. Although the ECS exerts controls on multiple systems throughout life it affords benefits to natural aging. The eCB are synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and the primary ones are produced from arachidonic acid (n-6 PUFA) and others from the n-3 PUFA, namely eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. The eCB ligands bind to their receptors, CB1 and CB2, with effects on appetite stimulation, metabolism, immune functions, and brain physiology and neuroplasticity. Dietary families of PUFA are a primary factor that can influence the types and levels of eCB and as a consequence, the downstream actions when the ligands bind to their receptors. Furthermore, the association of eCB with the synthesis of oxylipins (OxL) is a connection between the physiological actions of eCB and the lipid derived immunological OxL mediators of inflammation. OxL are ubiquitous and influence neuroinflammation and inflammatory processes. The emerging actions of eCB on neuroplasticity, well-being and pain are important to aging. Herein, we present information about the ECS and its components, how exercise and diet affects specific eCB, their role in neuroplasticity, neuroinflammation, pain, mood, and relationship to OxL. Poor nutrition status and low nutrient intakes observed with many elderly are reasons to examine the role of dietary PUFA actions on the ECS to improve health.
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Megat S, Price TJ. Therapeutic opportunities for pain medicines via targeting of specific translation signaling mechanisms. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN 2018; 4:8-19. [PMID: 30211342 PMCID: PMC6130820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A common underlying cause of chronic pain is a phenotypic change in nociceptors in the peripheral nervous system. Translation regulation signaling pathways control gene expression changes that drive chronic pain. We focus on developments in pharmacology around translation regulation signaling that may yield new pain therapeutics.
As the population of the world ages and as more and more people survive diseases that used to be primary causes of mortality, the incidence of severe chronic pain in most of the world has risen dramatically. This type of pain is very difficult to treat and the opioid overdose epidemic that has become a leading cause of death in the United States and other parts of the world highlights the urgent need to develop new pain therapeutics. A common underlying cause of severe chronic pain is a phenotypic change in pain-sensing neurons in the peripheral nervous system called nociceptors. These neurons play a vital role in detecting potentially injurious stimuli, but when these neurons start to detect very low levels of inflammatory meditators or become spontaneously active, they send spurious pain signals to the brain that are significant drivers of chronic pain. An important question is what drives this phenotypic shift in nociceptors from quiescence under most conditions to sensitization to a broad variety of stimuli and spontaneous activity. The goal of this review is to discuss the critical role that specific translation regulation signaling pathways play in controlling gene expression changes that drive nociceptor sensitization and may underlie the development of spontaneous activity. The focus will be on advances in technologies that allow for identification of such targets and on developments in pharmacology around translation regulation signaling that may yield new pain therapeutics. A key advantage of pharmacological manipulation of these signaling events is that they may reverse phenotypic shifts in nociceptors that drive chronic pain thereby creating the first generation of disease modifying drugs for chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salim Megat
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
| | - Theodore J Price
- School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, USA
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King-Himmelreich TS, Möser CV, Wolters MC, Schmetzer J, Schreiber Y, Ferreirós N, Russe OQ, Geisslinger G, Niederberger E. AMPK contributes to aerobic exercise-induced antinociception downstream of endocannabinoids. Neuropharmacology 2017; 124:134-142. [PMID: 28479394 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Physical exercise has been repeatedly associated with decreased nociceptive responses but the underlying mechanisms have still not been fully clarified. In this study, we investigated exercise-induced effects after a single bout of treadmill running on the mouse model of formalin-induced inflammatory nociception. As potential molecular mediators, we focused on endogenous endocannabinoids as well as AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). Our results showed that wild type mice display a reduced nociceptive response in the formalin test after treadmill running, while exercise had no effect on inflammatory nociception in AMPKα2 knockout mice. Levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide (AEA) were increased after physical activity in both wild type and AMPKα2 knockout mice, in association with decreased expression of the AEA-hydrolyzing enzyme FAAH and an increased level of the cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1). Accordingly, treatment of wild type mice with the CB1 inverse agonist AM251 prior to the treadmill running reversed exercise-induced antinociception. However, if mice received AM251 in combination with the AMPK activator 5-amino-1-β-d-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR), the positive effect of treadmill running on inflammatory nociception was restored, indicating that AMPK affects exercise-induced antinociception downstream of endocannabinoids. This assumption was further supported by cell culture experiments showing AMPK activation after stimulation of neuronal cells with AEA. In conclusion, our data suggest that AMPK is an intermediate effector in endocannabinoid-mediated exercise-induced antinociception. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled "A New Dawn in Cannabinoid Neurobiology".
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya S King-Himmelreich
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christine V Möser
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Miriam C Wolters
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Julia Schmetzer
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yannik Schreiber
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Nerea Ferreirós
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Otto Q Russe
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerd Geisslinger
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Ellen Niederberger
- Pharmazentrum frankfurt/ZAFES, Institut für Klinische Pharmakologie, Klinikum der Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Theodor Stern Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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