1
|
Villa C, Birtolo MF, Louis-Gustavo PR, Righi A, Assie G, Baussart B, Asioli S. Grading and staging for pituitary neuroendocrine tumors. Brain Pathol 2024:e13299. [PMID: 39182993 DOI: 10.1111/bpa.13299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Pituitary adenoma/pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) are the second most common primary intracranial tumor and the most frequent neuroendocrine tumors/neoplasms of the human body. Thus, they are one of the most frequent diagnoses in neuropathologist's practise. 2022 5th edition WHO Classification of Endocrine and Neuroendocrine Tumors does not support a grading and/or staging system for PitNETs and argues that histological typing and subtyping are more robust than proliferation rate and invasiveness to stratify tumors. Numerous studies suggest the existence of clinically relevant molecular subgroups encouraging an integrated histo-molecular approach to the diagnosis of PitNETs to deepen the understanding of their biology and overcome the unresolved problem of grading system. The present review illustrates the main issues involved in establishing a grading and a staging system, as well as alternative systems validated by independent series to date. The state of art of the current histological and molecular markers is detailed, demonstrating that a standardized and reproducible clinico-pathological approach, combined with the integration of molecular data may help build a workflow to refine the definition of PitNETs with 'malignant potential' and most importantly, avoid delay in patient treatment. Next molecular studied are needed to validate an integrated histo-molecular grading for PitNETs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Villa
- Department of Neuropathology, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Maria Francesca Birtolo
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
- Endocrinology, Diabetology and Medical Andrology Unit, IRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Alberto Righi
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Guillaume Assie
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Endocrinology, Center for Rare Adrenal Diseases, Hôpital Cochin APHP, Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Baussart
- Inserm U1016, CNRS UMR 8104, Institut Cochin, Université Paris Descartes-Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Sofia Asioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), Bellaria Hospital, AUSL Bologna, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- Pituitary Neurosurgery Program, Pituitary Unit, IRCCS istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche, Bologna, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ye QL, Qi Y, Liu JJ, Hu YX, Lv Y, Lin B. First case of endometrial cancer after yolk sac tumor in a patient with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:329. [PMID: 37344881 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02426-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a rare autosomal dominant disease with high penetrance caused by a germline variant of TP53 gene. We report the first case of endometrial cancer after yolk sac tumor with LFS. CASE PRESENTATION The presented female patient underwent right adnexectomy at age 23 because of a yolk sac tumor of the ovary. At the age of 27, the patient was diagnosed with endometrial adenocarcinoma, received cytoreductive surgery and chemotherapy. Given that her personal cancer history along with a strong family history of cancer, her father passing away from lung cancer at age 48 and her grandmother dying of ovarian cancer at age 50, the patient was referred for genetic counseling and testing. Genetic screening revealed a heterozygous pathogenic TP53 c.844C > T, p.( R282 W) with NM_000546.5 variant, a class 5 (C5) variant. This is the first reported case of a yolk sac tumor accompanied by subsequent endometrial cancer that is associated with LFS. CONCLUSIONS We reported a first case of an endometrial cancer after yolk sac tumor patient with a tumor family history of harboring the germline TP53 pathogenic variation which expanded types of tumor that can be presented in patients with LFS. This case highlights the importance of genetic testing for patients with malignant tumors, as well as patients with a family history of malignant tumors. And our case highlights the necessity of screening for gynecologic tumor in LFS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiu-Lin Ye
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Juan-Juan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yue-Xin Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuan Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China
| | - Bei Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No.36 Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Antonelo FA, Rodrigues Soares M, Cruz LC, Pagnoncelli MG, Alves da Cunha MA, Bonatto SJR, Busso C, Júnior AW, Montanher PF. Bioactive compounds derived from Brazilian Myrtaceae species: Chemical composition and antioxidant, antimicrobial and cytotoxic activities. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
4
|
Galinski B, Alexander TB, Mitchell DA, Chatwin HV, Awah C, Green AL, Weiser DA. Therapeutic Targeting of Exportin-1 in Childhood Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:6161. [PMID: 34944778 PMCID: PMC8699059 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Exportin-1 (XPO1), a key regulator of nuclear-to-cytoplasmic transport, is associated with inferior patient outcomes across a range of adult malignancies. Targeting XPO1 with selinexor has demonstrated promising results in clinical trials, leading to FDA approval of its use for multiple relapsed/refractory cancers. However, XPO1 biology and selinexor sensitivity in childhood cancer is only recently being explored. In this review, we will focus on the differential biology of childhood and adult cancers as it relates to XPO1 and key cargo proteins. We will further explore the current state of pre-clinical and clinical development of XPO1 inhibitors in childhood cancers. Finally, we will outline potentially promising future therapeutic strategies for, as well as potential challenges to, integrating XPO1 inhibition to improve outcomes for children with cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basia Galinski
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.G.); (D.A.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Thomas B. Alexander
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Daniel A. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.G.); (D.A.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Hannah V. Chatwin
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Chidiebere Awah
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.G.); (D.A.M.); (C.A.)
| | - Adam L. Green
- Morgan Adams Foundation Pediatric Brain Tumor Research Program, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO 80045, USA;
| | - Daniel A. Weiser
- Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.G.); (D.A.M.); (C.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Veneziani I, Infante P, Ferretti E, Melaiu O, Battistelli C, Lucarini V, Compagnone M, Nicoletti C, Castellano A, Petrini S, Ognibene M, Pezzolo A, Di Marcotullio L, Bei R, Moretta L, Pistoia V, Fruci D, Barnaba V, Locatelli F, Cifaldi L. Nutlin-3a Enhances Natural Killer Cell-Mediated Killing of Neuroblastoma by Restoring p53-Dependent Expression of Ligands for NKG2D and DNAM-1 Receptors. Cancer Immunol Res 2021; 9:170-183. [PMID: 33303573 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-20-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we explored whether Nutlin-3a, a well-known, nontoxic small-molecule compound antagonizing the inhibitory interaction of MDM2 with the tumor suppressor p53, may restore ligands for natural killer (NK) cell-activating receptors (NK-AR) on neuroblastoma cells to enhance the NK cell-mediated killing. Neuroblastoma cell lines were treated with Nutlin-3a, and the expression of ligands for NKG2D and DNAM-1 NK-ARs and the neuroblastoma susceptibility to NK cells were evaluated. Adoptive transfer of human NK cells in a xenograft neuroblastoma-bearing NSG murine model was assessed. Two data sets of neuroblastoma patients were explored to correlate p53 expression with ligand expression. Luciferase assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis of p53 functional binding on PVR promoter were performed. Primary neuroblastoma cells were also treated with Nutlin-3a, and neuroblastoma spheroids obtained from one high-risk patient were assayed for NK-cell cytotoxicity. We provide evidence showing that the Nutlin-3a-dependent rescue of p53 function in neuroblastoma cells resulted in (i) increased surface expression of ligands for NK-ARs, thus rendering neuroblastoma cell lines significantly more susceptible to NK cell-mediated killing; (ii) shrinkage of human neuroblastoma tumor masses that correlated with overall survival upon adoptive transfer of NK cells in neuroblastoma-bearing mice; (iii) and increased expression of ligands in primary neuroblastoma cells and boosting of NK cell-mediated disaggregation of neuroblastoma spheroids. We also found that p53 was a direct transcription factor regulating the expression of PVR ligand recognized by DNAM-1. Our findings demonstrated an immunomodulatory role of Nutlin-3a, which might be prospectively used for a novel NK cell-based immunotherapy for neuroblastoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irene Veneziani
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Infante
- Center for Life NanoScience@Sapienza, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Ferretti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
- Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genova, Italy
| | - Ombretta Melaiu
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Cecilia Battistelli
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Valeria Lucarini
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mirco Compagnone
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Carmine Nicoletti
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- DAHFMO-Unit of Histology and Medical Embryology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Aurora Castellano
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy, Core Facility, Research Laboratories, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Marzia Ognibene
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pezzolo
- Laboratorio Cellule Staminali Post Natali e Terapie Cellulari, IRCCS Giannina Gaslini Institute, Genoa, Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marcotullio
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Bei
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretta
- Department of Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vito Pistoia
- Department of Immunology, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Doriana Fruci
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Barnaba
- Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Rome, Italy
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology Unit, Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche, Internistiche, Anestesiologiche e Cardiovascolari, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Franco Locatelli
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
- Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Cifaldi
- Department of Paediatric Haematology/Oncology and of Cell and Gene Therapy, Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome "Tor Vergata," Rome, Italy
- Academic Department of Pediatrics (DPUO), Ospedale Pediatrico Bambino Gesù, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Aversa JG, De Abreu FB, Yano S, Xi L, Hadley DW, Manoli I, Raffeld M, Sadowski SM, Nilubol N. The first pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor in Li-Fraumeni syndrome: a case report. BMC Cancer 2020; 20:256. [PMID: 32228502 PMCID: PMC7106707 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-020-06723-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline TP53 tumor suppressor gene mutations, with no previous association with pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs). Here we present the first case of PNET associated with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Case presentation This is a 43-year-old female who underwent laparoscopic distal pancreatectomy at age 39 for a well-differentiated grade 2 cystic PNET. When the patient was 41 years old, her seven-year-old daughter was found to have an astrocytoma and a germline TP53 mutation. While undergoing surveillance with 68Gallium-DOTATATE positron emission tomography/computed tomography for her PNET, the patient was found to have a large choroid plexus papilloma in her right temporal lobe. She underwent genetic counseling and testing that identified a germline pathogenic variant in TP53, leading to the diagnosis of Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Her PNET had a hemizygous pathogenic TP53 mutation with loss of the wild-type alternate allele, consistent with loss of heterozygosity and the two-hit hypothesis. She was enrolled in a Li-Fraumeni syndrome protocol and continues surveillance screening with our service. Conclusions This is the first PNET reported in association with Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Pancreatic cancer risk is elevated in this syndrome, and our case highlights the need for vigilance in screening for pancreatic neoplasms in these patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John G Aversa
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 4-5952, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Francine Blumental De Abreu
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Sho Yano
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Liqiang Xi
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Donald W Hadley
- Human Development Section, Medical Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Irini Manoli
- Medical Genomics and Metabolic Genetics Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Mark Raffeld
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Samira M Sadowski
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 4-5952, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Naris Nilubol
- Surgical Oncology Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 4-5952, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Bloom M, Maciaszek JL, Clark ME, Pui CH, Nichols KE. Recent advances in genetic predisposition to pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Expert Rev Hematol 2020; 13:55-70. [PMID: 31657974 PMCID: PMC10576863 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2020.1685866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Historically, the majority of childhood cancers, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), were not thought to have a hereditary basis. However, recent germline genomic studies have revealed that at least 5 - 10% of children with cancer (and approximately 3 - 4% of children with ALL) develop the disease due to an underlying genetic predisposition.Areas covered: This review discusses several recently identified ALL predisposing conditions and provides updates on other more well-established syndromes. It also covers topics related to the evaluation and management of children and family members at increased ALL risk.Expert opinion: Germline predisposition is gaining recognition as an important risk factor underlying the development of pediatric ALL. The challenge now lies in how best to capitalize on germline genetic information to improve ALL diagnosis, treatment, and perhaps even prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mackenzie Bloom
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Jamie L. Maciaszek
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Mary Egan Clark
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ching-Hon Pui
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Kim E. Nichols
- Department of Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
The first two confirmed sub-Saharan African families with germline TP53 mutations causing Li-Fraumeni syndrome. Fam Cancer 2019; 17:607-613. [PMID: 29392648 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-018-0075-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni syndrome is a rare inherited cancer syndrome characterised by the early onset of specific cancers. Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is associated with germline mutations in the tumour suppressor gene, TP53. This study reports the first cases of molecularly confirmed LFS germline mutations in sub-Saharan Africa. Three black African patients, all with LFS-associated cancers, were seen through the Clinical and Counselling Section of the Division of Human Genetics at the National Health Laboratory Service and University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, South Africa, during 2011-2012. All three patients (two were related) were recruited into this research study. Sequence analysis of the coding region of the TP53 gene identified a Class IV (likely pathogenic) variant, c.326T > C (p.Phe109Ser), in the two related patients, and a known pathogenic mutation, c.1010G > A (p.Arg337His), also referred to as the Brazilian founder mutation, in the other patient. A confirmed diagnosis in these patients will assist in tailored medical management (it is recommended that individuals carrying a germline TP53 mutation avoid radiotherapy as this might cause secondary radiotherapy-induced malignancies) and in addition, genetic testing of at-risk family members can be offered. Very little is known and documented on LFS in African individuals. Despite the small number of patients in this study, the results support the need for diagnostic genetic testing for LFS in South Africa.
Collapse
|
9
|
Russo S, Warby M, Tucker KM, Wakefield CE, Cohn RJ. Importance of updating family cancer history in childhood cancer survivors. Fam Cancer 2018; 16:605-610. [PMID: 28405782 DOI: 10.1007/s10689-017-9988-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Estimates of the number of childhood cancers with a genetic basis range from 5-8.5% found in germline samples to 29% based on clinical criteria. Family history-taking practice is a fundamental first step in detecting at risk individuals and families. This study focused on Li-Fraumeni Syndrome (LFS), a highly penetrant cancer syndrome. Reported family history in a cohort of 648 of cancer survivor cohort (CCS) was examined. Eligible CCS were: (i) aged up to 14 years at diagnosis; (ii) more than 5 years postdiagnosis; (iii) treated for a childhood cancer at the study hospitals in NSW, Australia; (iv) in remission for more than 3 years. CCS completed self-administered questionnaires. Medical records confirmed diagnosis and treatment-related information. Our findings reveal an increased cancer risk among sibling and relatives of CCS. 91% of siblings diagnosed with cancer were diagnosed under the age of 40 and about 30% diagnosed under the aged of 15 revealing a 5- (RR = 5.1; 95% CI, 3.3-7.9) and 44-fold (RR = 44.6; 95% CI, 18.4-108.3) increased risked of cancer compared with the Australian population, respectively. About 2% of CCS reported that they had been diagnosed with a genetic cancer syndrome. However, 11% of survivors described a family history pattern which met Chompret criteria for screening for TP53 mutations associated with LFS. Our data suggests that familial cancer predispositions may be initially overlooked. Aperiodic and accurate ascertainment of family cancer history of childhood cancer patients and survivors is therefore recommended.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Selena Russo
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Sydney Children's Hospital, Kids Cancer Centre, Level 1 South, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia. .,Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia.
| | - Meera Warby
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Katherine M Tucker
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hereditary Cancer Clinic, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Australia
| | - Claire E Wakefield
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Sydney Children's Hospital, Kids Cancer Centre, Level 1 South, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| | - Richard J Cohn
- Behavioural Sciences Unit, Sydney Children's Hospital, Kids Cancer Centre, Level 1 South, Sydney Children's Hospital, High Street, Randwick, NSW, 2031, Australia.,Discipline of Paediatrics, School of Women's and Children's Health, UNSW Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary bone tumor affecting predominantly adolescents and young adults. It accounts for about 5% of all childhood cancers. Although the majority of OSs are sporadic, a small percentage occur as a component of hereditary cancer syndromes. Early onset, bilateral, multifocal, and metachronous tumors suggest genetic predisposition. The inheritance patterns can be autosomal dominant or recessive. These syndromes predispose to a wide variety of mesenchymal and epithelial cancers with propensity for certain mutations being prevalent in specific cancer subtypes. Li-Fraumeni syndrome, retinoblastoma, Rothmund-Thompson syndrome (type 2), Werner syndrome, and Bloom syndrome, constitute the majority of the tumor syndromes predisposing to OS and will be the focus for this review.
Collapse
|
11
|
Kulshrestha A, Suman S. Common module analysis reveals prospective targets and mechanisms of pediatric adrenocortical adenoma and carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:3267-3272. [PMID: 29435068 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma and adrenocortical adenoma are two rare diseases affecting children. Molecular analyses were performed to identify commonalities in gene expression between the diseases. Differentially expressed genes were identified for the pediatric adrenocortical adenoma and carcinoma tissues, as compared with normal tissues, using the expression dataset. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks were constructed for adenoma and carcinoma disease models, and common modules among the diseases were identified. A total of two common modules with 14 nodes and 20 nodes were revealed among the adenoma and carcinoma networks, respectively. Genes of the common modules were also identified to be the common hub genes of the disease models. Enrichment of the genes of the common modules suggested associations with steroid biosynthesis, the proteasome, cell cycle and metabolic pathways. Modularity, topological and functional analysis of the PPI networks revealed common modules among pediatric adenoma and carcinoma disease models, which provided insight into the underlying disease mechanisms and suggesting prospective targets for future study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Kulshrestha
- Bioinformatics Division, National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources, Karnal, Haryana 132001, India
| | - Shikha Suman
- Department of Applied Sciences, Indian Institute of Information Technology, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh 211012, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Gómez-Flores-Ramos L, Álvarez-Gómez RM, Villarreal-Garza C, Wegman-Ostrosky T, Mohar A. Breast cancer genetics in young women: What do we know? MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2017; 774:33-45. [PMID: 29173497 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) in young women, generally defined in oncology as women who are 40 years of age or younger, represents 2 out of 10 BC cases in developing countries. Several research studies, including genetic cancer panel tests, genome-wide association studies, expression analyses and polymorphisms reports, have found that young women with BC exhibit a higher genetic susceptibility and specific genomic signature compared to postmenopausal women with BC. Thus, international guidelines recommend genetic counseling for this age population. This review presents the current state of the art of genetics and genomics with regards to young women with BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liliana Gómez-Flores-Ramos
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Mario de la Cueva, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología, Subdivisión de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando # 22, Col. Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Álvarez-Gómez
- Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Subdivisión de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerlogía, Av. San Fernando # 22, Col. Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Cynthia Villarreal-Garza
- Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Subdivisión de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerlogía, Av. San Fernando # 22, Col. Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico; Centro de Cáncer de Mama, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Centro Médico Zambrano Hellion, 6° Piso Av. Batallón de San Patricio #112 Col. Real San Agustín, San Pedro Garza García C.P. 66278, Nuevo León, Mexico
| | - Talia Wegman-Ostrosky
- Clínica de Cáncer Hereditario, Subdivisión de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerlogía, Av. San Fernando # 22, Col. Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Alejandro Mohar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Mario de la Cueva, Coyoacán, Ciudad Universitaria, C.P. 04510, Mexico City, Mexico; Unidad de Investigación en Epidemiología, Subdivisión de Investigación Básica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, Av. San Fernando # 22, Col. Sección XVI, Delegación Tlalpan, C.P. 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Trubicka J, Filipek I, Iwanowski P, Rydzanicz M, Grajkowska W, Piekutowska-Abramczuk D, Chrzanowska K, Karkucińska-Więckowska A, Iwanicka-Pronicka K, Pronicki M, Łastowska M, Płoski R, Dembowska-Bagińska B. Constitutional mosaicism of a de novo TP53 mutation in a patient with bilateral choroid plexus carcinoma. Cancer Genet 2017; 216-217:79-85. [PMID: 29025599 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/16/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Choroid plexus tumors (CPT) constitute 2%-5% of all pediatric brain tumors and include high grade choroid plexus carcinoma (CPC). About 40% of CPC patients harbor germline TP53 mutations, associated with diminished survival rates. However, the number of TP53 carriers might be underestimated due to suboptimal ability of Sanger sequencing to identify mosaicism. We describe an 18-month-old boy with ultra-rare, bilateral disseminated CPC and negative family history of cancer. Next generation sequencing (NGS) revealed constitutional mosaicism of de novo TP53 mutation, which was barely detectable by Sanger sequencing. This is the first description of a de novo TP53 mutation mosaicism in a patient with CPC. Up to now four cases of de novo TP53 mutations in CPC patients have been described but none of them were mosaic. Since TP53 mutation mosaicism may have an impact on management of patients and predisposition to other cancers, a reliable method of identification is important. Our results highlight the utility of high-throughput technologies in detection of potentially important genetic markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Trubicka
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Iwona Filipek
- Department of Oncology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Iwanowski
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Rydzanicz
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, 02-103 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Wiesława Grajkowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Krystyna Chrzanowska
- Department of Medical Genetics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | - Maciej Pronicki
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maria Łastowska
- Department of Pathology, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, 04-730 Warsaw, Poland; Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre Polish Academy of Sciences, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Płoski
- Department of Medical Genetics, Warsaw Medical University, 02-103 Warsaw, Poland.
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Hornick NI, Doron B, Abdelhamed S, Huan J, Harrington CA, Shen R, Cambronne XA, Chakkaramakkil Verghese S, Kurre P. AML suppresses hematopoiesis by releasing exosomes that contain microRNAs targeting c-MYB. Sci Signal 2016; 9:ra88. [PMID: 27601730 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aaf2797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are paracrine regulators of the tumor microenvironment and contain complex cargo. We previously reported that exosomes released from acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells can suppress residual hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) function indirectly through stromal reprogramming of niche retention factors. We found that the systemic loss of hematopoietic function is also in part a consequence of AML exosome-directed microRNA (miRNA) trafficking to HSPCs. Exosomes isolated from cultured AML or the plasma from mice bearing AML xenografts exhibited enrichment of miR-150 and miR-155. HSPCs cocultured with either of these exosomes exhibited impaired clonogenicity, through the miR-150- and miR-155-mediated suppression of the translation of transcripts encoding c-MYB, a transcription factor involved in HSPC differentiation and proliferation. To discover additional miRNA targets, we captured miR-155 and its target transcripts by coimmunoprecipitation with an attenuated RNA-induced silencing complex (RISC)-trap, followed by high-throughput sequencing. This approach identified known and previously unknown miR-155 target transcripts. Integration of the miR-155 targets with information from the protein interaction database STRING revealed proteins indirectly affected by AML exosome-derived miRNA. Our findings indicate a direct effect of AML exosomes on HSPCs that, through a stroma-independent mechanism, compromises hematopoiesis. Furthermore, combining miRNA target data with protein-protein interaction data may be a broadly applicable strategy to define the effects of exosome-mediated trafficking of regulatory molecules within the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noah I Hornick
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Ben Doron
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Sherif Abdelhamed
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Jianya Huan
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Christina A Harrington
- Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Integrated Genomics Laboratory, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Rongkun Shen
- Department of Biology, State University of New York, Brockport, NY 14420, USA. Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. The College at Brockport, State University of New York, Brockport, NY 14420, USA
| | - Xiaolu A Cambronne
- Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Santhosh Chakkaramakkil Verghese
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Peter Kurre
- Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Pediatric Cancer Biology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Papé Family Pediatric Research Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA. Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Abstract
Li-Fraumeni syndrome (LFS) is a cancer predisposition syndrome caused by a germline mutation of the TP53 gene on chromosome 17p13.1. It has an autosomal dominant pattern of inheritance with high penetrance. These patients have a very high lifetime cumulative risk of developing multiple malignancies and have a strong family history of early-onset malignancies. The protein p53, encoded by TP53, has a complex set of genome-preserving functions initiated during episodes of cellular stress and DNA damage. In LFS, TP53 gene mutations cause the loss of function of p53, leading to downstream events permissive for development of various malignancies throughout life. The LFS component tumors include soft tissue sarcomas, osteosarcoma, premenopausal breast cancer, brain tumors, and adrenal cortical carcinomas. Multiple types of sarcomas have been reported in association with LFS; this review article will focus on the most frequently encountered pediatric sarcomas associated with TP53 mutations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hernán Correa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
The Role of Registries and Tumor Banking in Rare Pediatric Tumors. CURRENT PEDIATRICS REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s40124-015-0077-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
17
|
Biswas S, Killick E, Jochemsen AG, Lunec J. The clinical development of p53-reactivating drugs in sarcomas - charting future therapeutic approaches and understanding the clinical molecular toxicology of Nutlins. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2014; 23:629-45. [PMID: 24579771 DOI: 10.1517/13543784.2014.892924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The majority of human sarcomas, particularly soft tissue sarcomas, are relatively resistant to traditional cytotoxic therapies. The proof-of-concept study by Ray-Coquard et al., using the Nutlin human double minute (HDM)2-binding antagonist RG7112, has recently opened a new chapter in the molecular targeting of human sarcomas. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors discuss the challenges and prospective remedies for minimizing the significant haematological toxicities of the cis-imidazole Nutlin HDM2-binding antagonists. Furthermore, they also chart the future direction of the development of p53-reactivating (p53-RA) drugs in 12q13-15 amplicon sarcomas and as potential chemopreventative therapies against sarcomagenesis in germ line mutated TP53 carriers. Drawing lessons from the therapeutic use of Imatinib in gastrointestinal tumours, the authors predict the potential pitfalls, which may lie in ahead for the future clinical development of p53-RA agents, as well as discussing potential non-invasive methods to identify the development of drug resistance. EXPERT OPINION Medicinal chemistry strategies, based on structure-based drug design, are required to re-engineer cis-imidazoline Nutlin HDM2-binding antagonists into less haematologically toxic drugs. In silico modelling is also required to predict toxicities of other p53-RA drugs at a much earlier stage in drug development. Whether p53-RA drugs will be therapeutically effective as a monotherapy remains to be determined.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swethajit Biswas
- University Hospitals Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton General Hospital, Division of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Unit , Floor D, East Wing, Southampton, Tremona Road, Southampton, SO16 6YD , UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Novel recurrent neural network for modelling biological networks: Oscillatory p53 interaction dynamics. Biosystems 2013; 114:191-205. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
19
|
Silva AG, Lisboa BCG, Achatz MIW, Carraro DM, da Cunha IW, Pearson PL, Krepischi ACV, Rosenberg C. Germline BAX deletion in a patient with melanoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor. Am J Gastroenterol 2013; 108:1372-5. [PMID: 23912413 DOI: 10.1038/ajg.2013.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
20
|
Custódio G, Parise GA, Kiesel Filho N, Komechen H, Sabbaga CC, Rosati R, Grisa L, Parise IZS, Pianovski MAD, Fiori CMCM, Ledesma JA, Barbosa JRS, Figueiredo FRO, Sade ER, Ibañez H, Arram SBI, Stinghen ST, Mengarelli LR, Figueiredo MMO, Carvalho DC, Avilla SGA, Woiski TD, Poncio LC, Lima GFR, Pontarolo R, Lalli E, Zhou Y, Zambetti GP, Ribeiro RC, Figueiredo BC. Impact of neonatal screening and surveillance for the TP53 R337H mutation on early detection of childhood adrenocortical tumors. J Clin Oncol 2013; 31:2619-26. [PMID: 23733769 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2012.46.3711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The incidence of pediatric adrenocortical tumors (ACTs) is remarkably high in southern Brazil, where more than 90% of patients carry the germline TP53 mutation R337H. We assessed the impact of early detection of this mutation and of surveillance of carriers. PATIENTS AND METHODS Free newborn screening was offered at all hospitals in the state of Paraná. Parents of positive newborns were tested, and relatives in the carrier line were offered screening. Positive newborns and their relatives age < 15 years were offered surveillance (periodic clinical, laboratory, and ultrasound evaluations). ACTs detected by imaging were surgically resected. RESULTS Of 180,000 newborns offered screening, 171,649 were screened, and 461 (0.27%) were carriers. As of April 2012, ACTs had been diagnosed in 11 of these carriers but in only two neonatally screened noncarriers (P < .001); six patient cases were identified among 228 carrier relatives age < 15 years (total, 19 ACTs). Surveillance participants included 347 (49.6%) of 699 carriers. Tumors were smaller in surveillance participants (P < .001) and more advanced in nonparticipants (four with stage III disease; two deaths). Neonatally screened carriers also had neuroblastoma (n = 1), glioblastoma multiforme (n = 1), choroid plexus carcinoma (n = 2), and Burkitt lymphoma (n = 1). Cancer histories and pedigrees were obtained for 353 families that included 1,704 identified carriers. ACTs were the most frequent cancer among carrier children (n = 48). CONCLUSION These findings establish the prevalence of the TP53 R337H mutation in Paraná state and the penetrance of ACTs among carriers. Importantly, screening and surveillance of heterozygous carriers are effective in detecting ACTs when readily curable.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Custódio
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Avenida Silva Jardim, 1632, Água Verde, Curitiba, PR 80.250-200, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Pinto EM, Morton C, Rodriguez-Galindo C, McGregor L, Davidoff AM, Mercer K, Debelenko LV, Billups C, Ribeiro RC, Zambetti GP. Establishment and characterization of the first pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma xenograft model identifies topotecan as a potential chemotherapeutic agent. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1740-7. [PMID: 23406775 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-3354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pediatric adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and highly aggressive malignancy. Conventional chemotherapeutic agents have shown limited utility and are largely ineffective in treating children with advanced ACC. The lack of cell lines and animal models of pediatric ACC has hampered the development of new therapies. Here we report the establishment of the first pediatric ACC xenograft model and the characterization of its sensitivity to selected chemotherapeutic agents. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A tumor from an 11-year-old boy with previously untreated ACC was established as a subcutaneous xenograft in immunocompromised CB17 scid(-/-) mice. The patient harbored a germline TP53 G245C mutation, and the primary tumor showed loss of heterozygosity with retention of the mutated TP53 allele. Histopathology, DNA fingerprinting, gene expression profiling, and biochemical analyses of the xenograft were conducted and compared with the primary tumor and normal adrenal cortex. The second endpoint was to assess the preliminary antitumor activity of selected chemotherapeutic agents. RESULTS The xenograft maintained the histopathologic and molecular features of the primary tumor. Screening the xenograft for drug responsiveness showed that cisplatin had a potent antitumor effect. However, etoposide, doxorubicin, and a panel of other common cancer drugs had little or no antitumor activity, with the exception of topotecan, which was found to significantly inhibit tumor growth. Consistent with these preclinical findings, topotecan as a single agent in a child with relapsed ACC resulted in disease stabilization. CONCLUSION Our study established a novel TP53-associated pediatric ACC xenograft and identified topotecan as a potentially effective agent for treating children with this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emilia M Pinto
- International Outreach Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Custódio G, Komechen H, Figueiredo FRO, Fachin ND, Pianovski MAD, Figueiredo BC. Molecular epidemiology of adrenocortical tumors in southern Brazil. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 351:44-51. [PMID: 22056871 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The high frequency of TP53 R337H carriers in southern Brazil is responsible for the highest known incidence of childhood adrenocortical tumor (ACT). Our aims were to examine other contributing mutations, age-related risk factors, epidemiological differences in ACT and to shed light on a method for increasing the survival rate of children. The fetal zone of the adrenal cortex is believed to be one of the tissues most susceptible to adenoma or carcinoma formation due to loss of p53 function. The founder germline R337H mutation is found in 95% of ACTs of young children, a much greater proportion than in adults. Despite intense educational campaigns about the high incidence of ACT in Paraná State, advanced cases remain common. Four advanced ACT cases (4/5) were admitted to a single institution in the first 6months of 2011 in Paraná State, none of the families knew about ACT, and 2 reported no familial cancer syndrome. Curative resection is possible when a small ACT is detected early.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gislaine Custódio
- Pelé Pequeno Príncipe Research Institute, Av. Silva Jardim, 1632, Água Verde, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Ribeiro RC, Pinto EM, Zambetti GP, Rodriguez-Galindo C. The International Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumor Registry initiative: contributions to clinical, biological, and treatment advances in pediatric adrenocortical tumors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 351:37-43. [PMID: 22040600 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2011] [Revised: 09/11/2011] [Accepted: 10/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Adrenocortical tumor (ACT), a rare tumor with a heterogeneous presentation, incompletely understood pathogenesis, and generally poor prognosis, occurs in 1-2 people per million and is even more uncommon in the pediatric population. Such rare cancers are a challenge to clinical practice. Exchange of experience, information, and data on rare cancers is lacking, and outcomes for these rare cancers could be improved through the establishment of an international registry. The establishment of the International Pediatric Adrenocortical Tumor Registry (IPACTR) in 1990 by the St. Jude Children's Research Hospital International Outreach Program offered a new opportunity to collect clinical and laboratory features, treatment practices, and outcome data for children with ACT, research this disease, and systematically investigate how to improve patient outcomes. These efforts will improve the availability of information for both patients and the medical community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raul C Ribeiro
- International Outreach Program, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105-2794, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
|
25
|
Garcia DRN, Bhatt S, Manvelyan M, de Souza MT, Binato R, Aguiar TF, Abdelhay E, Silva MLM. An unusual T-cell childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia harboring a yet unreported near-tetraploid karyotype. Mol Cytogenet 2011; 4:20. [PMID: 21936943 PMCID: PMC3197555 DOI: 10.1186/1755-8166-4-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2011] [Accepted: 09/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-tetraploid (model #81-103) and near-triploid (model #67-81) karyotypes are found in around 1% of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Due to its rarity, these two cytogenetic subgroups are generally included in the hyperdiploid group (model # > 51). Therefore separate informations about these two subgroups are limited to a few reports. Some studies found that near-tetraploidy is relatively more frequent in higher median ages and it is associated to Frech-American-British Classification subtype L2. Although the mechanisms by which leukemic blast cells divide is still unclear, studies have suggested that hyperdiploidy, near-triploidy and near-tetraploidy do not seem to share the same mechanism. FINDINGS Herewith, we present a new childhood T-acute lymphoblastic leukemia case of near-tetraploid karyotype with loss of two p53-gene copies, characterized in detail by cytogenetic and molecular studies. CONCLUSION We suggest that p53 is a good target gene to be screened, once p53 is one of the main effectors of cell cycle checkpoints.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniela RN Garcia
- Cytogenetics Department, Bone Marrow Unit (CEMO), The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermalha, 23, 6th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Samarth Bhatt
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Marina Manvelyan
- Jena University Hospital, Institute of Human Genetics, Kollegiengasse 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Mariana T de Souza
- Cytogenetics Department, Bone Marrow Unit (CEMO), The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermalha, 23, 6th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Renata Binato
- Stem Cells Department, Bone Marrow Unit (CEMO), The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermalha, 23, 6th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Thais F Aguiar
- Onco-hematology Pediatric Service, The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermelha, 23, 8 th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Eliana Abdelhay
- Stem Cells Department, Bone Marrow Unit (CEMO), The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermalha, 23, 6th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Luiza M Silva
- Cytogenetics Department, Bone Marrow Unit (CEMO), The National Cancer Institute (INCA), Praça da Cruz Vermalha, 23, 6th floor, Centro, 20.230-130, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|