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Kenton N, Gronowski B, Fish D, Vartanian K, Robicsek A. Capturing the emotional and social experiences of COVID-19 through journal entries: A qualitative study of COVID-19 experiences over six weeks following infection. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28930. [PMID: 38601697 PMCID: PMC11004564 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
COVID-19's wide-ranging effects on patients' physical health are well-documented, but comparatively less research has explored the impact on patients' emotional and social experiences. We examined how patients across a multi-state health system experience the emotional and social aspects of COVID-19 during the first six weeks of recovery from infection. We leveraged the larger My COVID Diary project to capture open-ended journal data from an app-based platform available to patients who test positive for COVID-19 within the health system. Our sample was limited to participants with multiple journal entries during the first six weeks after infection, with one entry in the top 5% of all participants for word count to ensure sufficient journal content was available for analysis. We randomly selected 100 eligible participants and coded and analyzed all of their journal entries in weeks 1-6 after infection, utilizing a thematic analysis approach. Despite journal entry prompts' orientation towards physical symptoms, the majority of participants discussed emotional experiences (such as anxiety, depression, and gratitude) and social factors (such as work and family) when describing their COVID-19-related experiences. Physical, emotional, and social experiences related to COVID-19 infection and recovery were often interconnected and overlapping. These findings demonstrate that a holistic understanding of the patient experience that extends beyond physical symptoms is necessary to fully support patient care and recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Kenton
- Center for Outcomes Research & Education (CORE), Providence St. Joseph Health, 4400 NE Glisan Street, Building 1, Suite 265, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Benjamin Gronowski
- Center for Outcomes Research & Education (CORE), Providence St. Joseph Health, 4400 NE Glisan Street, Building 1, Suite 265, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Daniel Fish
- Center for Outcomes Research & Education (CORE), Providence St. Joseph Health, 4400 NE Glisan Street, Building 1, Suite 265, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Keri Vartanian
- Center for Outcomes Research & Education (CORE), Providence St. Joseph Health, 4400 NE Glisan Street, Building 1, Suite 265, Portland, OR, 97213, USA
| | - Ari Robicsek
- Providence Research Network, 1801 Lind Ave SW, Renton, WA, USA
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2
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Balton S, Pillay M, Armien R, Vallabhjee AL, Muller E, Heywood MJ, van der Linde J. Lived experiences of South African rehabilitation practitioners during coronavirus disease 2019. Afr J Disabil 2024; 13:1229. [PMID: 38322751 PMCID: PMC10839203 DOI: 10.4102/ajod.v13i0.1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In South Africa, the sharp rise in people with severe illness because of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in early 2020, meant that health systems needed to adapt services and operations, including rehabilitation services. Important insights into the lived experiences of rehabilitation personnel enacting these adaptations in an African context are limited. Objectives The aim of this study was to explore the lived experiences of rehabilitation practitioners working in the public sector in South Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method A phenomenological approach and a duo-ethnographic design were used. A recruitment letter was circulated requesting volunteers. Maximum variation sampling was used to select the 12 participants of this study. Data were collected through interviews via Zoom, and critical conversations were facilitated by a non-rehabilitation partner who is known for challenging health inequities. The interviews were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Data were analysed through elements of qualitative content and thematic analysis. Data were coded, categorised, clustered into concepts and formulated into themes. Results Three themes were identified: (1) 'Management became the enemy', (2) 'Tired of being resilient' and (3) 'Think out of the box…think on our feet'. Conclusion The results of this study highlighted new ways of practice, innovative adaptations, and usage of resources and platforms. Contribution This study highlights the re-imagining of accessible rehabilitation services that could lead to deeper onto-epistemological shifts amongst the rehabilitation practitioners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadna Balton
- Department of Speech Therapy and Audiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa
| | - Mershen Pillay
- Department of Speech, Language Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa
- Department of Speech, Language Therapy, Institute of Education, Massey University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rizqa Armien
- Department of Occupational Therapy, Symphony Way Community Day Centre, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Annika L. Vallabhjee
- Department of Speech Therapy and Audiology, Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Soweto, South Africa
| | - Elani Muller
- Effective Care Research Unit, East London, South Africa
| | - Mark J. Heywood
- Nelson Mandela School of Public Governance, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jeannie van der Linde
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Zhao X, Hingle A, Shaw CC, Murphy A, Riddick BR, Davidson Mhonde RR, Taylor BG, Lamuda PA, Pollack HA, Schneider JA, Taxman FS. Endorsement of COVID-19 misinformation among criminal legal involved individuals in the United States: Prevalence and relationship with information sources. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296752. [PMID: 38181012 PMCID: PMC10769018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Criminal legal system involvement (CLI) is a critical social determinant of health that lies at the intersection of multiple sources of health disparities. The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbates many of these disparities, and specific vulnerabilities faced by the CLI population. This study investigated the prevalence of COVID-19-related misinformation, as well as its relationship with COVID-19 information sources used among Americans experiencing CLI. A nationally representative sample of American adults aged 18+ (N = 1,161), including a subsample of CLI individuals (n = 168), were surveyed in February-March 2021. On a 10-item test, CLI participants endorsed a greater number of misinformation statements (M = 1.88 vs. 1.27) than non-CLI participants, p < .001. CLI participants reported less use of government and scientific sources (p = .017) and less use of personal sources (p = .003) for COVID-19 information than non-CLI participants. Poisson models showed that use of government and scientific sources was negatively associated with misinformation endorsement for non-CLI participants (IRR = .841, p < .001), but not for CLI participants (IRR = .957, p = .619). These findings suggest that building and leveraging trust in important information sources are critical to the containment and mitigation of COVID-19-related misinformation in the CLI population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoquan Zhao
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Aayushi Hingle
- Department of ELAP, Linguistics, & Communication Studies, Montgomery College, Takoma Park, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Cameron C. Shaw
- Schar School of Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Amy Murphy
- Schar School of Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Breonna R. Riddick
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | | | - Bruce G. Taylor
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Phoebe A. Lamuda
- NORC at the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Harold A. Pollack
- Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - John A. Schneider
- Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy, and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
- Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Faye S. Taxman
- Schar School of Public Policy, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
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Rodrigues J, Body K, Carel H. The pandemic body: the lived body during the COVID-19 pandemic. MEDICAL HUMANITIES 2023; 49:725-734. [PMID: 37620040 DOI: 10.1136/medhum-2022-012495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we conduct a detailed analysis of qualitative survey data focusing on adult populations in the UK, Japan and Mexico to address the following question: How has the COVID-19 pandemic changed people's lived experience of their bodies, other people's bodies and the world? We identify five themes: (i) fear and danger, (ii) bodily doubt and hypervigilance, (iii) risk and trust, (iv) adapting and enduring and (v) changes in perspective. We use two theoretical frameworks: first, Mary Douglas' anthropological work on purity, risk, danger and symbolism is applied to understand how social and cultural meanings attached to the body have changed during the pandemic. Second, we use the concept of bodily doubt developed by Havi Carel to interpret how people experience their bodies and other people's bodies differently during the pandemic. While we recognise the significant variation in people's embodied experience of the pandemic, our findings suggest there are commonalities that span different countries and cultures. Specifically, we look at responses to COVID-19 protective countermeasures such as national lockdowns and physical distancing which we suggest have reduced people's ability to put faith in their own bodies, trust other people and trust the political leadership. We conclude by proposing that the changes to our lived experience during the COVID-19 pandemic have prompted changes in perspective and a renewed focus on what people consider important in life from a social, moral, cultural and political point of view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamila Rodrigues
- Marine Climate Change Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Japan
- Anthropology, International Research Center for Japanese Studies, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kathryn Body
- Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Havi Carel
- Department of Philosophy, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Dainty KN, Seaton MB, O'Neill B, Mohindra R. Going home positive: a qualitative study of the experiences of care for patients with COVID-19 who are not hospitalized. CMAJ Open 2023; 11:E1041-E1047. [PMID: 37935488 PMCID: PMC10635702 DOI: 10.9778/cmajo.20220085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most Canadians diagnosed with COVID-19 have had mild symptoms not requiring hospitalization. We sought to understand the patient experience of care while being isolated at home after testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection. METHODS We conducted a phenomenologically informed qualitative descriptive study using in-depth semistructured interviews to identify common themes of experience for patients sent home from hospital with a positive COVID-19 diagnosis. Between July and December 2020, we conducted interviews with patients who were followed by the North York General Hospital COVID Follow-Up Clinic. Patients with mild to moderate symptoms were interviewed 4 weeks after their COVID-19 diagnosis. We conducted the interviews and performed a thematic analysis of the data concurrently, in keeping with the iterative process of qualitative methodology. RESULTS We conducted interviews with 26 patients. From our analysis, 3 themes were developed regarding participants' overall experience: lack of adequate communication, inconsistency of information from various sources, and the social implications of a COVID-19 diagnosis. The implications of a positive test for SARS-CoV-2 infection are substantial, even when symptoms are mild and patients self-isolate as recommended. Participants noted communication challenges and inconsistent information, leading to exacerbated stress. INTERPRETATION Participants shared their experiences of the stigma of testing positive and the frustration of poor communication structures and inconsistent information. Experiencing care during self-isolation at home is an area of increasing importance, and these findings can inform improved support, ensuring access to equitable and safe COVID-19 care for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie N Dainty
- North York General Hospital (Dainty, Seaton, Mohindra); Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Dainty), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (O'Neill); Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute (Mohindra), Toronto, Ont.
| | - M Bianca Seaton
- North York General Hospital (Dainty, Seaton, Mohindra); Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Dainty), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (O'Neill); Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute (Mohindra), Toronto, Ont
| | - Braden O'Neill
- North York General Hospital (Dainty, Seaton, Mohindra); Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Dainty), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (O'Neill); Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute (Mohindra), Toronto, Ont
| | - Rohit Mohindra
- North York General Hospital (Dainty, Seaton, Mohindra); Institute for Health Policy, Management and Evaluation (Dainty), University of Toronto; Unity Health Toronto (O'Neill); Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute (Mohindra), Toronto, Ont
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6
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Davidson Mhonde R, Riddick B, Hingle A, Shaw C, Rudes D, Pollack H, Schneider J, Zhao X, Taxman FS. "I Just Don't Know What to Believe": Sensemaking during the COVID-19 Pandemic among Criminal Legal Involved Communities. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15045. [PMID: 36429763 PMCID: PMC9690514 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
During the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, those involved with the criminal legal system experience disproportionate vulnerability to infection, transmission, and mortality, facing additional systemic barriers due to criminal legal involvement (CLI) (e.g., prior incarcerations or probationary status affecting employability or housing security). We use Weick's (1979) model of sensemaking as a theoretical framework to inform our examination of CLI individuals' experiences during the pandemic. The primary objective of this paper is to explore the process of sensemaking amid misinformation, trust/mistrust, and vulnerability during the pandemic among CLI communities in three central states (Illinois, Louisiana, and Arkansas). We conducted seven online focus groups (n = 44), between December 2020 and January 2021, from the targeted communities about their awareness of misinformation, trusted or distrusted sources, attitudes about COVID-19 health behaviors (including testing, protective behaviors such as mask-wearing and social distancing, and vaccination), and experiences with the criminal legal system during the pandemic. The concept of equivocality was at the core of the narratives shared among participants, with uncertainty emerging as a meta-theme across all focus groups. The findings of this study should prove useful for those who are developing messaging to combat mis/disinformation and overcome mis/distrust with the medical system and government institutions among those who are disenfranchised.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Breonna Riddick
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Aayushi Hingle
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Cameron Shaw
- Schar School of Policy and Government, Center for Advancing Correctional Excellence, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Danielle Rudes
- College of Criminal Justice Huntsville, Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX 77341, USA
| | - Harold Pollack
- Crown Family School of Social Work, Policy and Practice, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - John Schneider
- Departments of Medicine and Public Health Sciences, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Xiaoquan Zhao
- Department of Communication, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
| | - Faye S. Taxman
- Schar School of Policy and Government, Center for Advancing Correctional Excellence, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA 22030, USA
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7
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Namadi F, Alilu L, Hemmati Maslakpak M, Yadegar Tirandaz S. Threats to the dignity of COVID-19 patients: A qualititative study. Nurs Ethics 2022; 29:1647-1659. [PMID: 35759685 PMCID: PMC9243969 DOI: 10.1177/09697330221109937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dignity is a fundamental concept that has been threatened by the COVID-19 pandemic. Several factors threaten the dignity of COVID-19 patients, whether in palliative care departments, medical or surgery wards, intensive care units, or long-term care facilities. This threat is exacerbated by the increasing number of affected patients, the high transmission of the virus and problems such as limited resources, shortage of workforce, and ineffective communication. Recognizing the threats and challenges that currently affect the patients' dignity and managing them can help maintain the patients' dignity and increase their satisfaction. Research objective: This study seeks to explain the threats to the dignity of hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Research design: This qualitative study was conducted using conventional content analysis. Data were collected through in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with 21 COVID-19 patients with maximum variation. Data were analyzed using Graneheim and Lundman's conventional content analysis and encoded with MAXQDA-10 software. The participants had already recovered from COVID-19 when the interviews were held. Ethical considerations: The study protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of medical universities in northwestern Iran (IR.UMSU.REC.1399.345). Ethical principles were observed during the study. Findings: The analysis of the interviews revealed three main categories and 11 subcategories for the threats to the dignity of COVID-19 patients. The main categories included facing imposed conditions (five subcategories), facing unprofessional performance (four subcategories), and ineffective communication (two subcategories). Conclusion: The findings of the present study can help health officials and policymakers in taking positive steps to maintain patients' dignity by designing and implementing beneficial programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farideh Namadi
- Patient Safety Research Center, 108895Clinical Research Institute, Nursing & Midwifery School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Leyla Alilu
- Patient Safety Research Center, 108895Clinical Research Institute, Nursing & Midwifery School, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Masumeh Hemmati Maslakpak
- Maternal and Childhood Obesity Research Centre, 108895Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
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8
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Vilendrer S, Lestoquoy A, Artandi M, Barman L, Cannon K, Garvert DW, Halket D, Holdsworth LM, Singer S, Vaughan L, Winget M. A 360 degree mixed-methods evaluation of a specialized COVID-19 outpatient clinic and remote patient monitoring program. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2022; 23:151. [PMID: 35698064 PMCID: PMC9189794 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-022-01734-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our goals are to quantify the impact on acute care utilization of a specialized COVID-19 clinic with an integrated remote patient monitoring program in an academic medical center and further examine these data with stakeholder perceptions of clinic effectiveness and acceptability. METHODS A retrospective cohort was drawn from enrolled and unenrolled ambulatory patients who tested positive in May through September 2020 matched on age, presence of comorbidities and other factors. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with patients, frontline clinician, and administrators were analyzed in an inductive-deductive approach to identify key themes. RESULTS Enrolled patients were more likely to be hospitalized than unenrolled patients (N = 11/137 in enrolled vs 2/126 unenrolled, p = .02), reflecting a higher admittance rate following emergency department (ED) events among the enrolled vs unenrolled, though this was not a significant difference (46% vs 25%, respectively, p = .32). Thirty-eight qualitative interviews conducted June to October 2020 revealed broad stakeholder belief in the clinic's support of appropriate care escalation. Contrary to beliefs the clinic reduced inappropriate care utilization, no difference was seen between enrolled and unenrolled patients who presented to the ED and were not admitted (N = 10/137 in enrolled vs 8/126 unenrolled, p = .76). Administrators and providers described the clinic's integral role in allowing health services to resume in other areas of the health system following an initial lockdown. CONCLUSIONS Acute care utilization and multi-stakeholder interviews suggest heightened outpatient observation through a specialized COVID-19 clinic and remote patient monitoring program may have contributed to an increase in appropriate acute care utilization. The clinic's role securing safe reopening of health services systemwide was endorsed as a primary, if unmeasured, benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacie Vilendrer
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Anna Lestoquoy
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Maja Artandi
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Linda Barman
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Kendell Cannon
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Donn W Garvert
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Douglas Halket
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laura M Holdsworth
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Sara Singer
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Laura Vaughan
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Marcy Winget
- Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, 1265 Welch Rd, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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9
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Seidenfeld J, Tupetz A, Fiorino C, Limkakeng A, Silva L, Staton C, Vissoci JRN, Purakal J. Experiences of COVID-19 infection in North Carolina: A qualitative analysis. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269338. [PMID: 35653407 PMCID: PMC9162358 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and aim
It has been demonstrated that marginalized populations across the U.S. have suffered a disproportionate burden of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, illustrating the role that social determinants of health play in health outcomes. To better understand how these vulnerable and high-risk populations have experienced the pandemic, we conducted a qualitative study to better understand their experiences from diagnosis through recovery.
Methods
We conducted a qualitative study of patients in a North Carolina healthcare system’s registry who tested positive for COVID-19 from March 2020 through February 2021, identified from population-dense outbreaks of COVID-19 (hotspots). We conducted semi-structured phone interviews in English or Spanish, based on patient preference, with trained bilingual study personnel. Each interview was evaluated using a combination of deductive and inductive content analysis to determine prevalent themes related to COVID-19 knowledge, diagnosis, disease experience, and long-term impacts.
Findings
The 10 patients interviewed from our COVID-19 hotspot clusters were of equal distribution by sex, predominantly Black (70%), aged 22–70 years (IQR 45–62 years), and more frequently publicly insured (50% Medicaid/Medicare, vs 30% uninsured, vs 20% private insurance). Major themes identified included prior knowledge of COVID-19 and patient perceptions of their personal risk, the testing process in numerous settings, the process of quarantining at home after a positive diagnosis, the experience of receiving medical care during their illness, and difficulties with long-term recovery.
Discussion
Our findings suggest areas for targeted interventions to reduce COVID-19 transmission in these high-risk communities, as well as improve the patient experience throughout the COVID-19 illness course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Seidenfeld
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Center of Innovation to Accelerate Discovery and Practice Transformation (ADAPT), Durham VA Health Care System, Durham, NC, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Anna Tupetz
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Cassandra Fiorino
- Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Alexander Limkakeng
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Lincoln Silva
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Catherine Staton
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - Joao R. N. Vissoci
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
| | - John Purakal
- Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States of America
- Duke-Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States of America
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10
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Abstract
One of the groups most negatively affected by the epidemic process has been the elderly patients. In this process, it is of great importance to determine the fear levels of the patients and to evaluate the factors that may be related. With this approach, this study aimed to examine the relationship between the fear of COVID-19 and health literacy scores of elderly patients living in Kahramanmaraş City, Turkey. Another aim of the study was to investigate whether the participants' COVID-19 fear change according to various socio-demographic characteristics. The convenience sampling method were used and 266 of valid samples were collected. Descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation analysis, simple and multiple linear regression analysis techniques were used. The results obtained from the study showed that COVID-19 fear status of the participants were moderate while the health literacy scores were low. Higher health literacy was associated with lower fear of COVID-19. In addition, it was determined that the fear of COVID-19 showed statistically significant differences according to education level, insurance status, smoking status, follow the news status and marital status. As a result, it has been observed that the level of health literacy can be effective in protecting elderly patients from fear. Longitudinal studies have been proposed to determine whether this relationship is causal or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fedayi Yağar
- Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Department of Health Care Management, Kahramanmaras Sütcü Imam University, Kahramanmaras, Turkey
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11
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Tucker CM, Roncoroni J, Klein KG, Derias TO, Ateyah W, Williams J, Nmezi NA, Shah NR, Bilello LA, Anton S. Views of Black women patients with obesity on desired and undesired weight-focused clinical encounters. Clin Obes 2021; 11:e12468. [PMID: 34101372 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Non-Hispanic Black women have the highest rates of overweight/obesity of any group in the United States. To date, few interventions have worked to reduce overweight/obesity in this population. This study investigated the views of Black women with overweight and obesity treated in a primary care setting regarding desired and undesired verbal and non-verbal behaviours by providers in provider-patient clinical encounters focused on losing weight, maintaining weight loss, and/or obesity. Two focus groups and an individual interview (n = 15) were conducted. Qualitative data analysis yielded five distinct themes, with 11 codes (listed in parenthesis): (a) desired weight-focused discussions (codes: Discussing weight loss with patients and discussing weight-loss maintenance with patients), (b) desired weight-focused support (codes: Supporting patients experiencing weight loss and supporting patients experiencing weight gain), (c) undesired weight-focused discussions (codes: Things to avoid during weight loss discussions and things to avoid during weight gain discussions), (d) desired attitudes and behaviours during weight-focused discussions (codes: Show caring and understanding and encourage behaviour change for weight loss), and (e) building physician-patient rapport (codes: Enable patients to feel respected by doctors, enable patients to feel comfortable with doctors and enable patients to trust their doctors). The qualitative approach employed in this study generates a deep understanding not only of the experiences of Black women patients but also of potential strategies that physicians could employ to succeed in their discussions with patients regarding healthy weight achievement and maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn M Tucker
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Julia Roncoroni
- Department of Counseling Psychology, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
| | - Kirsten G Klein
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Terry O Derias
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | - Wafaa Ateyah
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Nwakaego A Nmezi
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nipa R Shah
- Department of Community Health and Family Medicine, University of Florida Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Lori A Bilello
- Department of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Stephen Anton
- Department of Aging and Geriatric Research, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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