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Liu S, Bai T, Feng J. Endocan, a novel glycoprotein with multiple biological activities, may play important roles in neurological diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1438367. [PMID: 39328246 PMCID: PMC11426085 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1438367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial cell specific-1 (ESM-1), also known as endocan, is a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan that is mainly secreted by endothelial cells. Endocan is associated with tumorigenesis and cancer progression and is also related to cardiovascular disorders, autoimmune diseases, and sepsis. The phenylalanine-rich region and linear polysaccharide of endocan are necessary for the protein to exert its biological functions. Elevated plasma endocan levels reflect endothelial activation and dysfunction. In addition, endocan participates in complex inflammatory responses and proliferative processes. Here, we reviewed current research on endocan, elaborated the protein's structure and biological functions, and speculated on its possible clinical value in nervous system diseases. We conclude that endocan may be a glycoprotein that plays an important role in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- The Fourth People's Hospital of Shenyang, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Tao Bai
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Juan Feng
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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2
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Vallecillo-García P, Kühnlein MN, Orgeur M, Hansmeier NR, Kotsaris G, Meisen ZG, Timmermann B, Giesecke-Thiel C, Hägerling R, Stricker S. Mesenchymal Osr1+ cells regulate embryonic lymphatic vessel formation. Development 2024; 151:dev202747. [PMID: 39221968 PMCID: PMC11441984 DOI: 10.1242/dev.202747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is formed during embryonic development by the commitment of specialized lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and their subsequent assembly in primary lymphatic vessels. Although lymphatic cells are in continuous contact with mesenchymal cells during development and in adult tissues, the role of mesenchymal cells in lymphatic vasculature development remains poorly characterized. Here, we show that a subpopulation of mesenchymal cells expressing the transcription factor Osr1 are in close association with migrating LECs and established lymphatic vessels in mice. Lineage tracing experiments revealed that Osr1+ cells precede LEC arrival during lymphatic vasculature assembly in the back of the embryo. Using Osr1-deficient embryos and functional in vitro assays, we show that Osr1 acts in a non-cell-autonomous manner controlling proliferation and early migration of LECs to peripheral tissues. Thereby, mesenchymal Osr1+ cells control, in a bimodal manner, the production of extracellular matrix scaffold components and signal ligands crucial for lymphatic vessel formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Vallecillo-García
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin,14195 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumorimmunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 13353Berlin, Germany
| | - Mira Nicola Kühnlein
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin,14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mickael Orgeur
- Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics,Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR 6047, 75015 Paris, France
| | - Nils Rouven Hansmeier
- Research Group ‘Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology’, Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Research Group ‘Development and Disease’,Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Georgios Kotsaris
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin,14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Zarah Gertrud Meisen
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin,14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Timmermann
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - René Hägerling
- Research Group ‘Lymphovascular Medicine and Translational 3D-Histopathology’, Institute of Medical and Human Genetics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Center for Regenerative Therapies,Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Research Group ‘Development and Disease’,Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestraße 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
- BIH Academy, Clinician Scientist Program, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin,Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sigmar Stricker
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin,14195 Berlin, Germany
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da Silva AR, Gunawan F, Boezio GLM, Faure E, Théron A, Avierinos JF, Lim S, Jha SG, Ramadass R, Guenther S, Looso M, Zaffran S, Juan T, Stainier DYR. egr3 is a mechanosensitive transcription factor gene required for cardiac valve morphogenesis. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2024; 10:eadl0633. [PMID: 38748804 PMCID: PMC11095463 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl0633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024]
Abstract
Biomechanical forces, and their molecular transducers, including key mechanosensitive transcription factor genes, such as KLF2, are required for cardiac valve morphogenesis. However, klf2 mutants fail to completely recapitulate the valveless phenotype observed under no-flow conditions. Here, we identify the transcription factor EGR3 as a conserved biomechanical force transducer critical for cardiac valve formation. We first show that egr3 null zebrafish display a complete and highly penetrant loss of valve leaflets, leading to severe blood regurgitation. Using tissue-specific loss- and gain-of-function tools, we find that during cardiac valve formation, Egr3 functions cell-autonomously in endothelial cells, and identify one of its effectors, the nuclear receptor Nr4a2b. We further find that mechanical forces up-regulate egr3/EGR3 expression in the developing zebrafish heart and in porcine valvular endothelial cells, as well as during human aortic valve remodeling. Altogether, these findings reveal that EGR3 is necessary to transduce the biomechanical cues required for zebrafish cardiac valve morphogenesis, and potentially for pathological aortic valve remodeling in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agatha Ribeiro da Silva
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Felix Gunawan
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Giulia L. M. Boezio
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Emilie Faure
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, MMG, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Alexis Théron
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, MMG, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France
- Service de Chirurgie Cardiaque, AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Jean-François Avierinos
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, MMG, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France
- Service de Cardiologie, AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - SoEun Lim
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Shivam Govind Jha
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Radhan Ramadass
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Guenther
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Bioinformatics and Deep Sequencing Platform, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Mario Looso
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Bioinformatics Core Unit (BCU), Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Stéphane Zaffran
- Aix Marseille Université, INSERM, MMG, U1251, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - Thomas Juan
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Didier Y. R. Stainier
- Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Department of Developmental Genetics, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Cardio-Pulmonary Institute (CPI), Bad Nauheim, Germany
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Li J, Ma R, Wang X, Lu Y, Chen J, Feng D, Zhou J, Xia K, Klein O, Xie H, Lu P. Sprouty genes regulate activated fibroblasts in mammary epithelial development and breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:256. [PMID: 38600092 PMCID: PMC11006910 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06637-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Stromal fibroblasts are a major stem cell niche component essential for organ formation and cancer development. Fibroblast heterogeneity, as revealed by recent advances in single-cell techniques, has raised important questions about the origin, differentiation, and function of fibroblast subtypes. In this study, we show in mammary stromal fibroblasts that loss of the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) negative feedback regulators encoded by Spry1, Spry2, and Spry4 causes upregulation of signaling in multiple RTK pathways and increased extracellular matrix remodeling, resulting in accelerated epithelial branching. Single-cell transcriptomic analysis demonstrated that increased production of FGF10 due to Sprouty (Spry) loss results from expansion of a functionally distinct subgroup of fibroblasts with the most potent branching-promoting ability. Compared to their three independent lineage precursors, fibroblasts in this subgroup are "activated," as they are located immediately adjacent to the epithelium that is actively undergoing branching and invasion. Spry genes are downregulated, and activated fibroblasts are expanded, in all three of the major human breast cancer subtypes. Together, our data highlight the regulation of a functional subtype of mammary fibroblasts by Spry genes and their essential role in epithelial morphogenesis and cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyong Li
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Rongze Ma
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Xuebing Wang
- Institute of Aix-Marseille, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yunzhe Lu
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Jing Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Deyi Feng
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Jiecan Zhou
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Pharmacy Department, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Kun Xia
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China
| | - Ophir Klein
- Department of Orofacial Sciences and Program in Craniofacial Biology, University of California, San Francisco, UCSF Box 0422, 513 Parnassus Avenue, HSE1508, San Francisco, CA, 94143, California, USA
- Department of Pediatrics and Guerin Children's, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, 8700 Gracie Allen Dr., Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hao Xie
- Institute of Aix-Marseille, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Life Sciences, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Pengfei Lu
- MOE Key Lab of Rare Pediatric Diseases & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics of the School of Life Sciences, Hu Nan Sheng, China.
- Institute of Cell Biology, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China.
- Institute for Future Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hu Nan Sheng, China.
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5
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Bertoldi G, Caputo I, Calò L, Rossitto G. Lymphatic vessels and the renin-angiotensin-system. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2023; 325:H837-H855. [PMID: 37565265 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00023.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
The lymphatic system is an integral part of the circulatory system and plays an important role in the fluid homeostasis of the human body. Accumulating evidence has recently suggested the involvement of lymphatic dysfunction in the pathogenesis of cardio-reno-vascular (CRV) disease. However, how the sophisticated contractile machinery of lymphatic vessels is modulated and, possibly impaired in CRV disease, remains largely unknown. In particular, little attention has been paid to the effect of the renin-angiotensin-system (RAS) on lymphatics, despite the high concentration of RAS mediators that these tissue-draining vessels are exposed to and the established role of the RAS in the development of classic microvascular dysfunction and overt CRV disease. We herein review recent studies linking RAS to lymphatic function and/or plasticity and further highlight RAS-specific signaling pathways, previously shown to drive adverse arterial remodeling and CRV organ damage that have potential for direct modulation of the lymphatic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bertoldi
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
- Nephrology Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Ilaria Caputo
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Calò
- Nephrology Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giacomo Rossitto
- Emergency and Hypertension Unit, DIMED, Università degli Studi di Padova, Padova, Italy
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Peng M, Li H, Cao H, Huang Y, Yu W, Shen C, Gu J. Dual FGFR and VEGFR inhibition synergistically restrain hexokinase 2-dependent lymphangiogenesis and immune escape in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. J Gastroenterol 2023; 58:908-924. [PMID: 37433897 PMCID: PMC10423168 DOI: 10.1007/s00535-023-02012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Therapies for cholangiocarcinoma are largely limited and ineffective. Herein, we examined the role of the FGF and VEGF pathways in regulating lymphangiogenesis and PD-L1 expression in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA). METHODS The lymphangiogenic functions of FGF and VEGF were evaluated in lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) and iCCA xenograft mouse models. The relationship between VEGF and hexokinase 2 (HK2) was validated in LECs by western blot, immunofluorescence, ChIP and luciferase reporter assays. The efficacy of the combination therapy was assessed in LECs and xenograft models. Microarray analysis was used to evaluate the pathological relationships of FGFR1 and VEGFR3 with HK2 in human lymphatic vessels. RESULTS FGF promoted lymphangiogenesis through c-MYC-dependent modulation of HK2 expression. VEGFC also upregulated HK2 expression. Mechanistically, VEGFC phosphorylated components of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR axis to upregulate HIF-1α expression at the translational level, and HIF-1α then bound to the HK2 promoter region to activate its transcription. More importantly, dual FGFR and VEGFR inhibition with infigratinib and SAR131675 almost completely inhibited lymphangiogenesis, and significantly suppressed iCCA tumor growth and progression by reducing PD-L1 expression in LECs. CONCLUSIONS Dual FGFR and VEGFR inhibition inhibits lymphangiogenesis through suppression of c-MYC-dependent and HIF-1α-mediated HK2 expression, respectively. HK2 downregulation decreased glycolytic activity and further attenuated PD-L1 expression. Our findings suggest that dual FGFR and VEGFR blockade is an effective novel combination strategy to inhibit lymphangiogenesis and improve immunocompetence in iCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Peng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui Li
- Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Huan Cao
- Center for Liver Transplantation, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yamei Huang
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiping Yu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chuanlai Shen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jinyang Gu
- Center for Liver Transplantation, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
- Department of Transplantation, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Ilan IS, Yslas AR, Peng Y, Lu R, Lee E. A 3D Human Lymphatic Vessel-on-Chip Reveals the Roles of Interstitial Flow and VEGF-A/C for Lymphatic Sprouting and Discontinuous Junction Formation. Cell Mol Bioeng 2023; 16:325-339. [PMID: 37811004 PMCID: PMC10550886 DOI: 10.1007/s12195-023-00780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lymphatic vessels (LVs) maintain fluid homeostasis by draining excess interstitial fluid, which is accomplished by two distinct LVs: initial LVs and collecting LVs. The interstitial fluid is first drained into the initial LVs through permeable "button-like" lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) junctions. Next, the drained fluid ("lymph") transports to lymph nodes through the collecting LVs with less permeable "zipper-like" junctions that minimize loss of lymph. Despite the significance of LEC junctions in lymphatic drainage and transport, it remains unclear how luminal or interstitial flow affects LEC junctions in vascular endothelial growth factors A and C (VEGF-A and VEGF-C) conditions. Moreover, it remains unclear how these flow and growth factor conditions impact lymphatic sprouting. Methods We developed a 3D human lymphatic vessel-on-chip that can generate four different flow conditions (no flow, luminal flow, interstitial flow, both luminal and interstitial flow) to allow an engineered, rudimentary LV to experience those flows and respond to them in VEGF-A/C. Results We examined LEC junction discontinuities, lymphatic sprouting, LEC junction thicknesses, and cell contractility-dependent vessel diameters in the four different flow conditions in VEGF-A/C. We discovered that interstitial flow in VEGF-C generates discontinuous LEC junctions that may be similar to the button-like junctions with no lymphatic sprouting. However, interstitial flow or both luminal and interstitial flow stimulated lymphatic sprouting in VEGF-A, maintaining zipper-like LEC junctions. LEC junction thickness and cell contractility-dependent vessel diameters were not changed by those conditions. Conclusions In this study, we provide an engineered lymphatic vessel platform that can generate four different flow regimes and reveal the roles of interstitial flow and VEGF-A/C for lymphatic sprouting and discontinuous junction formation. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12195-023-00780-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle S. Ilan
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- College of Human Ecology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Aria R. Yslas
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Yansong Peng
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Renhao Lu
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
| | - Esak Lee
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Cornell University, 302 Weill Hall, 237 Tower Road, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA
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Sun X, Zhang J, Liu H, Li M, Liu L, Yang Z, Hu W, Bai H, Xu J, Xing J, Xu Z, Mo A, Guo Z, Bai Y, Zhou Q, Wang Y, Zhang S, Zhang S. Lanosterol synthase loss of function decreases the malignant phenotypes of HepG2 cells by deactivating the Src/MAPK signaling pathway. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:295. [PMID: 37274468 PMCID: PMC10236266 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.13881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholesterol is critical for tumor cells to maintain their membrane components, cell morphology and activity functions. The inhibition of the cholesterol pathway may be an efficient strategy with which to limit tumor growth and the metastatic process. In the present study, lanosterol synthase (LSS) was knocked down by transfecting LSS short hairpin RNA into HepG2 cells, and cell growth, apoptosis and migratory potential were then detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 cell proliferation assay, flow cytometric analysis and wound healing assay, respectively. In addition, proteins associated with the regulation of the aforementioned cell biological behaviors were analyzed by western blot analysis. The activity of the Src/MAPK signaling pathway was measured by western blotting to elucidate the possible signal transduction mechanisms. LSS knockdown in the HepG2 liver cancer cell line inhibited cell proliferation, with cell cycle arrest at the S phase; it also decreased cell migratory ability and increased apoptosis. The expression proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle, cell apoptosis and migration was altered by LSS knockdown in HepG2 cells. Furthermore, a decreased Src/MAPK activity was observed in the HepG2 cells subjected to LSS knockdown. LSS loss of function decreased the malignant phenotypes of HepG2 cells by deactivating the Src/MAPK signaling pathway and regulating expression of genes involved in cell cycle regulation, cell apoptosis and migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Hyperbaric Oxygen, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230011, P.R. China
| | - Mingcong Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of Pathology, The Second People's Hospital of Hefei, Hefei Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230011, P.R. China
| | - Li Liu
- Center for Scientific Research, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Weikang Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Hongmei Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jiansheng Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Jun Xing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Aizhu Mo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yajie Bai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
- Department of First Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Shengquan Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
| | - Sumei Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui 230032, P.R. China
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Scuruchi M, Aliquò F, Avenoso A, Mandraffino G, Vermiglio G, Minuti A, Campo S, Campo GM, D’Ascola A. Endocan Knockdown Down-Regulates the Expression of Angiogenesis-Associated Genes in Il-1ß Activated Chondrocytes. Biomolecules 2023; 13:851. [PMID: 37238720 PMCID: PMC10216645 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Endocan is a small soluble proteoglycan (PG) known to be involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. Increased endocan expression was found in the synovia of arthritic patients and chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1ß. Considering these findings, we aimed to investigate the effects of endocan knockdown on the modulation of pro-angiogenic molecules expression in a model of IL-1ß-induced inflammation in human articular chondrocytes. Endocan, VEGF-A, MMP-9, MMP-13, and VEGFR-2 expression was measured in both normal and endocan knockdown chondrocytes stimulated with IL-1ß. VEGFR-2 and NF-kB activation were also measured. Results have shown that endocan, VEGF-A, VEGFR-2, MMP-9, and MMP-13 were significantly up-regulated during IL-1ß-induced inflammation; interestingly, the expression of such pro-angiogenic molecules and NF-kB activation were significantly reduced by endocan knockdown. These data support the hypothesis that endocan released by activated chondrocytes may be involved in the mechanisms that stimulate cell migration and invasion, as well as angiogenesis, in the pannus of arthritic joints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Scuruchi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Federica Aliquò
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Avenoso
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Mandraffino
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanna Vermiglio
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Aurelio Minuti
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Campo
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Images, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maurizio Campo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Angela D’Ascola
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
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10
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Li YK, Zeng T, Guan Y, Liu J, Liao NC, Wang MJ, Chen KX, Luo XY, Chen CY, Quan FF, Wang J, Zhang QF, Zou J. Validation of ESM1 Related to Ovarian Cancer and the Biological Function and Prognostic Significance. Int J Biol Sci 2023; 19:258-280. [PMID: 36594088 PMCID: PMC9760436 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.66839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer (OC), a serious gynecological malignant disease, remains an enormous challenge in early diagnosis and medical treatment. Based on the GEO and TCGA databases in R language, endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) was confirmed separately with the bioinformatic analysis tool. ESM1 has been demonstrated to be upregulated in multiple cancer types, but the oncogenic mechanism by which ESM1 promotes OC is still largely unknown. Methods: In this study, we used WGCNA and random survival forest variable screening to filter out ESM1 in OC differentially expressed genes (DEGs). Next, we confirmed the mRNA and protein levels of ESM1 in OC samples via PCR and IHC. The correlation between the ESM1 level and clinical data of OC patients was further confirmed, including FIGO stage, lymph node metastasis, and recurrence. The role of ESM1 in OC development was explored by several functional experiments in vivo and in vitro. Then, the molecular mechanisms of ESM1 were further elucidated by bioinformatic end experimental analysis. Results: ESM1 was significantly upregulated in OC and was positively correlated with PFS but negatively correlated with OS. ESM1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, apoptosis escape, the cell cycle, angiogenesis, migration and invasion in multiple experiments. Moreover, GSVA found that ESM1 was associated with the Akt pathway, and our results supported this prediction. Conclusion: ESM1 was closely correlated with OC development and progression, and it could be considered a novel biomarker and therapeutic target for OC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-kun Li
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Tian Zeng
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yang Guan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Nian-chun Liao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Meng-jie Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Ke-xin Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Xian-yu Luo
- Medical College, Hunan Polytechnic of Environment and Biology, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Chang-ye Chen
- Department of gynecology, Clinical research center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.,Department of Pathology, Huizhou Sixth People's Hospital, Huizhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-fei Quan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Foshan First People's Hospital, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, The First-affiliated hospital of Hunan normal university, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qun-feng Zhang
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Qun-feng Zhang, Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China, E-mail addresses: . Juan Zou, Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China, E-mail addresses:
| | - Juan Zou
- Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China.,Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.,✉ Corresponding authors: Qun-feng Zhang, Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China, and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China, E-mail addresses: . Juan Zou, Department of Assisted Reproductive Centre, Zhuzhou central hospital, Xiangya hospital Zhuzhou central south university, Central south university, Zhuzhou, Hunan, China, and Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Cellular & Molecular Pathology, Cancer Research Institute, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China, E-mail addresses:
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11
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Burneikaitė G, Shkolnik E, Puronaitė R, Zuozienė G, Petrauskienė B, Misonis N, Kazėnaitė E, Laucevičius A, Smih F, Rouet P, Čelutkienė J. The association of catestatin and endocan with the effects of cardiac shock wave therapy: Biomarker sub-study of the randomized, sham procedure-controlled trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1004574. [PMID: 36910537 PMCID: PMC9996196 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1004574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cardiac shock-wave therapy (CSWT) is a non-invasive regenerative treatment method based on low-frequency ultrasound waves, which stimulate angiogenesis. Current data about the effects of revascularization procedures on angiogenesis biomarkers is limited. Recently, an association of catestatin and endocan with coronary collateral development was shown in several trials. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the impact of CSWT on the dynamics of catestatin and endocan levels and to assess their correlation with parameters of myocardial perfusion and function. Methods Prospective, randomized, triple-blind, sham procedure-controlled study enrolled 72 adult subjects who complied with defined inclusion criteria (NCT02339454). We measured biomarkers in 48 patients with stable angina (24 patients of CSWT group, 24 patients of sham-procedure group). Additionally, patients were divided into responders and non-responders according to improvement in myocardial perfusion and/or contractility assessed by myocardial scintigraphy and dobutamine echocardiography (30 and 13 patients, respectively). The blood samples were collected at baseline, after the last treatment procedure (9th treatment week) and at 6-month follow-up to evaluate biomarkers concentration and stored at -80° until analysis. Serum catestatin and endocan levels were determined by commercially available ELISA kits. Results Serum catestatin concentration significantly increased in all patients. While endocan levels significantly decreased in the responders sub-group. The increase in catestatin levels at 9th week and 6 months was positively associated with improvement in summed difference score (rho = 0.356, p = 0.028) and wall motion score, WMS (rho = 0.397, p = 0.009) at 6 months in the whole study population. Meanwhile, the decrease in endocan levels over 6 months was positively correlated with improvement in WMS at 3- and 6- months (r = 0.378, p = 0.015 and r = 0.311, p = 0.045, respectively). ROC analysis revealed that a change at 6 months in catestatin and endocan levels significantly predicted improvement in myocardial perfusion and contractile function with 68.9% sensitivity and 75.0% specificity (p = 0.039) and 51.7% sensitivity, and 91.7% specificity (p = 0.017), respectively. Baseline endocan concentration and its change at 6 months predicted response to CSWT with 68.8% sensitivity and 83.3% specificity (p = 0.039) and 81.3% sensitivity and 100% specificity (p < 0.0001), respectively. Conclusion This study demonstrates the association of increase in catestatin and decrease in endocan levels with the improvement of myocardial perfusion and contractile function. The potential predictive value of catestatin and endocan dynamics for the response to regenerative therapy is shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Burneikaitė
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
- LA Maison de la Mitochondrie (LAMMI), Obesity and Heart Failure: Molecular and Clinical Investigations, INSERM Occitanie, Toulouse, France
- *Correspondence: Greta Burneikaitė ✉
| | - Evgeny Shkolnik
- Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Roma Puronaitė
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Mathematics and Informatics, Institute of Data Science and Digital Technologies, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gitana Zuozienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Birutė Petrauskienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Nerijus Misonis
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Edita Kazėnaitė
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aleksandras Laucevičius
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Fatima Smih
- INI-CRCT-FCRIN, GREAT Networks, Toulouse, France
- Spartacus-Biomed, Auterive, France
| | - Philippe Rouet
- LA Maison de la Mitochondrie (LAMMI), Obesity and Heart Failure: Molecular and Clinical Investigations, INSERM Occitanie, Toulouse, France
- INI-CRCT-FCRIN, GREAT Networks, Toulouse, France
| | - Jelena Čelutkienė
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vilnius University Hospital Santaros Klinikos, Vilnius, Lithuania
- Centre of Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania
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12
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Goldberg AR, Ferguson M, Pal S, Cohen R, Orlicky DJ, McCullough RL, Rutkowski JM, Burchill MA, Tamburini BAJ. Oxidized low density lipoprotein in the liver causes decreased permeability of liver lymphatic- but not liver sinusoidal-endothelial cells via VEGFR-3 regulation of VE-Cadherin. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1021038. [PMID: 36338478 PMCID: PMC9626955 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1021038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The lymphatic vasculature of the liver is vital for liver function as it maintains fluid and protein homeostasis and is important for immune cell transport to the lymph node. Chronic liver disease is associated with increased expression of inflammatory mediators including oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL). Intrahepatic levels of oxLDL are elevated in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), chronic hepatitis C infection (HCV), alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), and cholestatic liver diseases. To determine if liver lymphatic function is impaired in chronic liver diseases, in which increased oxLDL has been documented, we measured liver lymphatic function in murine models of NAFLD, ALD and primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC). We found that Mdr2-/- (PSC), Lieber-DeCarli ethanol fed (ALD) and high fat and high cholesterol diet fed (NAFLD) mice all had a significant impairment in the ability to traffic FITC labeled dextran from the liver parenchyma to the liver draining lymph nodes. Utilizing an in vitro permeability assay, we found that oxLDL decreased the permeability of lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC)s, but not liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSEC)s. Here we demonstrate that LECs and LSECs differentially regulate SRC-family kinases, MAPK kinase and VE-Cadherin in response to oxLDL. Furthermore, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF)C or D (VEGFR-3 ligands) appear to regulate VE-Cadherin expression as well as decrease cellular permeability of LECs in vitro and in vivo after oxLDL treatment. These findings suggest that oxLDL acts to impede protein transport through the lymphatics through tightening of the cell-cell junctions. Importantly, engagement of VEGFR-3 by its ligands prevents VE-Cadherin upregulation and improves lymphatic permeability. These studies provide a potential therapeutic target to restore liver lymphatic function and improve liver function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa R. Goldberg
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition. Children’s Hospital Colorado, Digestive Health Institute- Pediatric Liver Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Megan Ferguson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Sarit Pal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rachel Cohen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - David J. Orlicky
- Department of Pathology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Rebecca L. McCullough
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Joseph M. Rutkowski
- Division of Lymphatic Biology, Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University School of Medicine, Bryan, TX, United States
| | - Matthew A. Burchill
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
| | - Beth A. Jirón Tamburini
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States
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13
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Ang LT, Nguyen AT, Liu KJ, Chen A, Xiong X, Curtis M, Martin RM, Raftry BC, Ng CY, Vogel U, Lander A, Lesch BJ, Fowler JL, Holman AR, Chai T, Vijayakumar S, Suchy FP, Nishimura T, Bhadury J, Porteus MH, Nakauchi H, Cheung C, George SC, Red-Horse K, Prescott JB, Loh KM. Generating human artery and vein cells from pluripotent stem cells highlights the arterial tropism of Nipah and Hendra viruses. Cell 2022; 185:2523-2541.e30. [PMID: 35738284 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell research endeavors to generate specific subtypes of classically defined "cell types." Here, we generate >90% pure human artery or vein endothelial cells from pluripotent stem cells within 3-4 days. We specified artery cells by inhibiting vein-specifying signals and vice versa. These cells modeled viral infection of human vasculature by Nipah and Hendra viruses, which are extraordinarily deadly (∼57%-59% fatality rate) and require biosafety-level-4 containment. Generating pure populations of artery and vein cells highlighted that Nipah and Hendra viruses preferentially infected arteries; arteries expressed higher levels of their viral-entry receptor. Virally infected artery cells fused into syncytia containing up to 23 nuclei, which rapidly died. Despite infecting arteries and occupying ∼6%-17% of their transcriptome, Nipah and Hendra largely eluded innate immune detection, minimally eliciting interferon signaling. We thus efficiently generate artery and vein cells, introduce stem-cell-based toolkits for biosafety-level-4 virology, and explore the arterial tropism and cellular effects of Nipah and Hendra viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lay Teng Ang
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
| | - Alana T Nguyen
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kevin J Liu
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Angela Chen
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Xiaochen Xiong
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew Curtis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Renata M Martin
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Brian C Raftry
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Chun Yi Ng
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Uwe Vogel
- Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Angelika Lander
- Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin 13353, Germany
| | - Benjamin J Lesch
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Jonas L Fowler
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Alyssa R Holman
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Timothy Chai
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Siva Vijayakumar
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Fabian P Suchy
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Toshinobu Nishimura
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joydeep Bhadury
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Matthew H Porteus
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Hiromitsu Nakauchi
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Christine Cheung
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A(∗)STAR, Singapore 138673, Singapore
| | - Steven C George
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Kristy Red-Horse
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Joseph B Prescott
- Center for Biological Threats and Special Pathogens, Robert Koch Institute, Berlin 13353, Germany.
| | - Kyle M Loh
- Stanford Institute for Stem Cell Biology & Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Department of Developmental Biology, Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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14
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Pan KF, Yang YC, Lee WJ, Hua KT, Chien MH. Proteoglycan Endocan: A multifaceted therapeutic target in Cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2021; 1877:188672. [PMID: 34953930 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2021.188672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Endocan is known to be a circulating dermatan sulfate proteoglycan that regulates endothelial cell function. Dysregulation of endocan expression is observed not only in the tumor vasculature but also in cancer cells. Accumulating evidence has revealed that disordered endocan facilitates cancer progression via enhancing cancer cell proliferation, cell mobility, and cancer stemness properties. Recently, various interacting proteins and diverse subcellular localizations of endocan were identified in cancer cells. Herein, we summarize the application of endocan in cancer diagnoses and prognoses using serum and tumor specimens. We further discuss that the aberrant molecular characteristics of endocan may be due to the mislocalization of endocan in cancer cells. Defining the specific cellular roles of endocan will provide a promising diagnostic factor and therapeutic target for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Fan Pan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chieh Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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15
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Isolating and characterizing lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells for potential therapeutic lymphangiogenic applications. Acta Biomater 2021; 135:191-202. [PMID: 34384911 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lymphatic dysfunction is associated with the progression of several vascular disorders, though currently, there are limited strategies to promote new lymphatic vasculature (i.e., lymphangiogenesis) to restore lost lymphatic function. One promising approach to stimulate lymphangiogenesis involves delivering endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are naturally involved in de novo blood vessel formation and have recently been identified to include a lymphatic subpopulation. However, the contribution of lymphatic EPCs in lymphangiogenesis is not clear and challenges with maintaining the activity of transplanted EPCs remain. Thus, the objective of this study was to isolate lymphatic EPCs from human umbilical cord blood and characterize their role in the initial stages of blood or lymphatic vasculature formation. Furthermore, this study also tested the applicability of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs for a possible therapeutic application. We postulated and confirmed that blood and lymphatic EPC colonies could be isolated from human umbilical cord blood. Additionally, EPC populations responded to either angiogenic or lymphangiogenic growth factors and could stimulate their respective mature endothelial cells in vasculature models in vitro. Finally, lymphatic EPCs maintained their ability to promote lymphatic sprouts after prolonged interactions with the alginate hydrogel microenvironment. These results suggest EPCs have both a blood and a lymphatic population that have specific roles in promoting revascularization and highlight the potential of alginate hydrogels for the delivery of lymphatic EPCs. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Despite the potential therapeutic benefit of promoting lymphatic vasculature, lymphangiogenesis remains understudied. One appealing strategy for promoting lymphangiogenesis involves delivering lymphatic endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which are a subpopulation of EPCs involved in de novo vessel formation. Here, we investigate the role of isolated blood and lymphatic EPC subpopulations in promoting the early stages of vascularization and the utility of alginate hydrogels to deliver lymphatic EPCs. We determined that EPCs had two populations that expressed either blood or lymphatic markers, could stimulate their respective mature vasculature in tissue constructs and that alginate hydrogels maintained the therapeutic potential of lymphatic EPCs. We anticipate this work could support promising biomaterial applications of EPCs to promote revascularization, which could have many therapeutic applications.
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16
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Cho Y, Na K, Jun Y, Won J, Yang JH, Chung S. Three-Dimensional In Vitro Lymphangiogenesis Model in Tumor Microenvironment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:697657. [PMID: 34671596 PMCID: PMC8520924 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.697657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is a stage of new lymphatic vessel formation in development and pathology, such as inflammation and tumor metastasis. Physiologically relevant models of lymphatic vessels have been in demand because studies on lymphatic vessels are required for understanding the mechanism of tumor metastasis. In this study, a new three-dimensional lymphangiogenesis model in a tumor microenvironment is proposed, using a newly designed macrofluidic platform. It is verified that controllable biochemical and biomechanical cues, which contribute to lymphangiogenesis, can be applied in this platform. In particular, this model demonstrates that a reconstituted lymphatic vessel has an in vivo–like lymphatic vessel in both physical and biochemical aspects. Since biomechanical stress with a biochemical factor influences robust directional lymphatic sprouting, whether our model closely approximates in vivo, the initial lymphatics in terms of the morphological and genetic signatures is investigated. Furthermore, attempting an incorporation with a tumor spheroid, this study successfully develops a complex tumor microenvironment model for use in lymphangiogenesis and reveals the microenvironment factors that contribute to tumor metastasis. As a first attempt at a coculture model, this reconstituted model is a novel system with a fully three-dimensional structure and can be a powerful tool for pathological drug screening or disease model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngkyu Cho
- Department of IT Convergence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Samsung Research, Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyuhwan Na
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yesl Jun
- Departments of Pediatrics and Cellular & Molecular Medicine, Pediatric Diabetes Research Center, University of California, La Jolla, CA, United States.,Drug Discovery Platform Research Center, Therapeutics and Biotechnology Division, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jihee Won
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ji Hun Yang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,Next&Bio Inc., Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok Chung
- Department of IT Convergence, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea.,School of Mechanical Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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17
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Choi C, Park J, Kim H, Chang KT, Park J, Min KT. DSCR1 upregulation enhances dural meningeal lymphatic drainage to attenuate amyloid pathology of Alzheimer's disease. J Pathol 2021; 255:296-310. [PMID: 34312845 DOI: 10.1002/path.5767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Highly developed meningeal lymphatics remove waste products from the brain. Disruption of meningeal lymphatic vessels in a mouse model of amyloid pathology (5XFAD) accelerates the accumulation of amyloid plaques in the meninges and brain, and causes learning and memory deficits, suggesting that clearance of toxic wastes by lymphatic vessels plays a key role in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we discovered that DSCR1 (Down syndrome critical region 1, known also as RCAN1, regulator of calcineurin 1) facilitates the drainage of waste products by increasing the coverage of dorsal meningeal lymphatic vessels. Furthermore, upregulation of DSCR1 in 5XFAD mice diminishes Aβ pathology in the brain and improves memory defects. Surgical ligation of cervical lymphatic vessels afferent to dcLN blocks the beneficial effects of DSCR1 on Aβ accumulation and cognitive function. Interestingly, intracerebroventricular delivery of AAV1-DSCR1 to 5XFAD mice is sufficient to rebuild the meningeal lymphatic system and re-establish cognitive performance. Collectively, our data indicate that DSCR1 facilitates the growth of dorsal meningeal lymphatics to improve drainage efficiency and protect against Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathologies, further highlighting that improving meningeal lymphatic function is a feasible treatment strategy for AD. © 2021 The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiyeol Choi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyerin Kim
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Karen T Chang
- Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jiyoung Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Tai Min
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Information and Biotechnology, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, Republic of Korea
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18
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Han F, Liao W, Duan X, Shi Y, Hu Z. The Association Between Serum Endocan Level and Short-Term Prognosis of Patients With Acute Ischemic Stroke. Angiology 2021; 73:344-349. [PMID: 34269102 DOI: 10.1177/00033197211030732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This cohort study was designed to assess the association between serum endocan levels and the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke. A total of 227 patients were recruited consecutively. Study outcome data on death and major disability (modified Rankin Scale score ≥3) were collected at 3 months after stroke onset. After 3 months of follow-up, death and disability occurred in 48 and 85 patients, respectively, while the primary (death) and secondary (death or disability) outcome incident rate was 21.15% and 37.44%, respectively. The multivariable adjusted odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval, 95% CIs) of the highest endocan quartile for death or major disability was 1.21 (1.10, 4.13) compared with the lowest quartile. After adjusting for confounding factors, the increase in the risk of death was not significant. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that endocan predicted primary and secondary outcomes with C-statistical values (95% CIs) of 0.61 (0.55-0.67, P = .001) and 0.68 (0.59-0.76, P < .001), respectively. Elevated endocan levels were independently related to increased risk of poor outcome at 3 months after ischemic stroke onset. Endocan is a potential prognostic factor for ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Han
- Clinical Medical College Jiujiang University Hospital, 71220Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Weifang Liao
- Clinical Medical College Jiujiang University Hospital, 71220Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China.,Department of Microbiology and Center for Metabolic Function Regulation, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Korea
| | - Xunxin Duan
- Clinical Medical College Jiujiang University Hospital, 71220Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Yuying Shi
- Clinical Medical College Jiujiang University Hospital, 71220Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
| | - Zhijian Hu
- Clinical Medical College Jiujiang University Hospital, 71220Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, China
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19
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Maiti A, Okano I, Oshi M, Okano M, Tian W, Kawaguchi T, Katsuta E, Takabe K, Yan L, Patnaik SK, Hait NC. Altered Expression of Secreted Mediator Genes That Mediate Aggressive Breast Cancer Metastasis to Distant Organs. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112641. [PMID: 34072157 PMCID: PMC8199412 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Heterogeneity is the characteristic of breast tumors, making it difficult to understand the molecular mechanism. Alteration of gene expression in the primary tumor versus the metastatic lesion remains challenging for getting any specific targeted therapy. To better understand how gene expression profile changes during metastasis, we compare the primary tumor and distant metastatic tumor gene expression using primary breast tumors compared with its metastatic variant in animal models. Our RNA sequencing data from cells revealed that parental cell and the metastatic variant cell are different in gene expression while gene signature significantly altered during metastasis to distant organs than primary breast tumors. We found that secreted mediators encoding genes (ANGPTL7, MMP3, LCN2, S100A8, and ESM1) are correlated with poor prognosis in the clinical setting as divulged from METABRIC and TCGA-BRCA cohort data analysis. Abstract Due to the heterogeneous nature of breast cancer, metastasis organotropism has been poorly understood. This study assessed the specific cancer-related gene expression changes occurring with metastatic breast cancer recurrence to distant organs compared with non-metastatic breast cancer. We found that several secreted mediators encoding genes notably, LCN2 and S100A8 overexpressed at the distant metastatic site spine (LCN2, 5-fold; S100A8, 6-fold) and bone (LCN2, 5-fold; S100A8, 3-fold) vs. primary tumors in the syngeneic implantation/tumor-resection metastasis mouse model. In contrast, the ESM-1 encoding gene is overexpressed in the primary tumors and markedly downregulated at distant metastatic sites. Further digging into TCAGA-BRCA, SCAN-B, and METABRIC cohorts data analysis revealed that LCN2, S100A8, and ESM-1 mediators encoding individual gene expression scores were strongly associated with disease-specific survival (DSS) in the METABRIC cohort (hazard ratio (HR) > 1, p < 0.0004). The gene expression scores predicted worse clinically aggressive tumors, such as high Nottingham histological grade and advanced cancer staging. Higher gene expression score of ESM-1 gene was strongly associated with worse overall survival (OS) in the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and hormonal receptor (HR)-positive/HER2-negative subtype in METABRIC cohort, HER2+ subtype in TCGA-BRCA and SCAN-B breast cancer cohorts. Our data suggested that mediators encoding genes with prognostic and predictive values may be clinically useful for breast cancer spine, bone, and lung metastasis, particularly in more aggressive subtypes such as TNBC and HER2+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparna Maiti
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (N.C.H.); Tel.: +1-(716)-845-3505 (A.M.); +1-(716)-845-8527 (N.C.H.); Fax: +1-(716)-845-1668 (N.C.H.)
| | - Ichiro Okano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Masanori Oshi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Maiko Okano
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Wanqing Tian
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (W.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Tsutomu Kawaguchi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Eriko Katsuta
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Kazuaki Takabe
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (W.T.); (L.Y.)
| | - Santosh K. Patnaik
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA;
| | - Nitai C. Hait
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA; (I.O.); (M.O.); (M.O.); (T.K.); (E.K.); (K.T.)
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
- Correspondence: (A.M.); (N.C.H.); Tel.: +1-(716)-845-3505 (A.M.); +1-(716)-845-8527 (N.C.H.); Fax: +1-(716)-845-1668 (N.C.H.)
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20
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Zhang H, Shen YW, Zhang LJ, Chen JJ, Bian HT, Gu WJ, Zhang H, Chen HZ, Zhang WD, Luan X. Targeting Endothelial Cell-Specific Molecule 1 Protein in Cancer: A Promising Therapeutic Approach. Front Oncol 2021; 11:687120. [PMID: 34109132 PMCID: PMC8181400 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.687120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the dramatic advances in cancer research in the past few years, effective therapeutic strategies are urgently needed. Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM-1), a soluble dermatan sulfate proteoglycan, also known as endocan, serves as a diagnostic and prognostic indicator due to its aberrant expression under pathological conditions, including cancer, sepsis, kidney diseases, and cardiovascular disease. Significantly, ESM-1 can promote cancer progression and metastasis through the regulation of tumor cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and drug resistant. In addition, ESM-1 is involved in the tumor microenvironment, containing inflammation, angiogenesis, and lymph angiogenesis. This article reviews the molecular and biological characteristics of ESM-1 in cancer, the underlying mechanisms, the currently clinical and pre-clinical applications, and potential therapeutic strategies. Herein, we propose that ESM-1 is a new therapeutic target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Wen Shen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li-Jun Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Jiao Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ting Bian
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Jie Gu
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Zhuan Chen
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China.,School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Luan
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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21
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Kempers L, Wakayama Y, van der Bijl I, Furumaya C, De Cuyper IM, Jongejan A, Kat M, van Stalborch AMD, van Boxtel AL, Hubert M, Geerts D, van Buul JD, de Korte D, Herzog W, Margadant C. The endosomal RIN2/Rab5C machinery prevents VEGFR2 degradation to control gene expression and tip cell identity during angiogenesis. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:695-714. [PMID: 33983539 PMCID: PMC8292304 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09788-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sprouting angiogenesis is key to many pathophysiological conditions, and is strongly regulated by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling through VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2). Here we report that the early endosomal GTPase Rab5C and its activator RIN2 prevent lysosomal routing and degradation of VEGF-bound, internalized VEGFR2 in human endothelial cells. Stabilization of endosomal VEGFR2 levels by RIN2/Rab5C is crucial for VEGF signaling through the ERK and PI3-K pathways, the expression of immediate VEGF target genes, as well as specification of angiogenic 'tip' and 'stalk' cell phenotypes and cell sprouting. Using overexpression of Rab mutants, knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing, and live-cell imaging in zebrafish, we further show that endosomal stabilization of VEGFR2 levels is required for developmental angiogenesis in vivo. In contrast, the premature degradation of internalized VEGFR2 disrupts VEGF signaling, gene expression, and tip cell formation and migration. Thus, an endosomal feedforward mechanism maintains receptor signaling by preventing lysosomal degradation, which is directly linked to the induction of target genes and cell fate in collectively migrating cells during morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanette Kempers
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Yuki Wakayama
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstrasse 20, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Ivo van der Bijl
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charita Furumaya
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iris M De Cuyper
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Jongejan
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science /Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Kat
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Antonius L van Boxtel
- Cancer Biology and Genetics and Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Developmental, Stem Cell and Cancer Biology, Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marvin Hubert
- University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Dirk Geerts
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jaap D van Buul
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dirk de Korte
- Sanquin Research, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Sanquin Blood Bank, Plesmanlaan 125, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebke Herzog
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Roentgenstrasse 20, 48149, Muenster, Germany.,University of Muenster, Schlossplatz 2, 48149, Muenster, Germany
| | - Coert Margadant
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, location VUmc, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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22
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Lopes ACDS, Martins SR, Dusse LMS, Pinheiro MDB, Alpoim PN. Are Endocan Plasma Levels Altered in Preeclampsia? REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE GINECOLOGIA E OBSTETRÍCIA 2021; 43:232-234. [PMID: 33860506 PMCID: PMC10183914 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1728661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cristina Dos Santos Lopes
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Suellen Rodrigues Martins
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | - Luci Maria SantAna Dusse
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Patrícia Nessralla Alpoim
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil
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23
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Bae MG, Hwang-Bo J, Lee DY, Lee YH, Chung IS. Effects of 6,8-Diprenylgenistein on VEGF-A-Induced Lymphangiogenesis and Lymph Node Metastasis in an Oral Cancer Sentinel Lymph Node Animal Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020770. [PMID: 33466636 PMCID: PMC7828717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The major determining factor of prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma is cervical lymph node metastasis. 6,8-Diprenylgenistein (6,8-DG), an isoflavonoid isolated from Cudrania tricuspidata has been reported to have anti-microbial and anti-obesity activities. However, its effects on lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in oral cancer have not yet been reported. METHODS To investigate the in vitro inhibitory effects of 6,8-DG on VEGF-A-induced lymphangiogenesis, we performed the proliferation, tube formation, and migration assay using human lymphatic microvascular endothelial cells (HLMECs). RT-PCR, Western blot, immunoprecipitation, ELISA and co-immunoprecipitation assays were used to investigate the expression levels of proteins, and mechanism of 6,8-DG. The in vivo inhibitory effects of 6,8-DG were investigated using an oral cancer sentinel lymph node (OCSLN) animal model. RESULTS 6,8-DG inhibited the proliferation, migration and tube formation of rhVEGF-A treated HLMECs. In addition, the in vivo lymphatic vessel formation stimulated by rhVEGF-A was significantly reduced by 6,8-DG. 6,8-DG inhibited the expression of VEGF-A rather than other lymphangiogenic factors in CoCl2-treated SCCVII cells. 6,8-DG inhibited the expression and activation of VEGFR-2 stimulated by rhVEGF-A in HLMECs. Also, 6,8-DG inhibited the activation of the lymphangiogenesis-related downstream signaling factors such as FAK, PI3K, AKT, p38, and ERK in rhVEGF-A-treated HLMECs. Additionally, 6,8-DG inhibited the expression of the hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF-1α), which is involved in the expression of VEGF-A in CoCl2-treated SCCVII cells, and 6,8-DG inhibited VEGF-A signaling via interruption of the binding of VEGF-A and VEGFR-2 in HLMECs. In the VEGF-A-induced OCSLN animal model, we confirmed that 6,8-DG suppressed tumor-induced lymphangiogenesis and SLN metastasis. CONCLUSION These data suggest that 6,8-DG inhibits VEGF-A-induced lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of 6,8-DG are probably mediated by inhibition of VEGF-A expression in cancer cells and suppression of the VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 signaling pathway in HLMEC. Thus, 6,8-DG could be novel and valuable therapeutic agents for metastasis prevention and treatment of oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mun Gyeong Bae
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea; (M.G.B.); (J.H.-B.)
| | - Jeon Hwang-Bo
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea; (M.G.B.); (J.H.-B.)
| | - Dae Young Lee
- Department of Herbal Crop Research, National Institute of Horticulture and Herbal Science, RDA, Eumseong 27709, Korea;
| | - Youn-Hyung Lee
- Department of Horticultural Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 17104, Korea;
| | - In Sik Chung
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Graduate School of Biotechnology, Kyung Hee University, Yongin 446-701, Korea; (M.G.B.); (J.H.-B.)
- Correspondence:
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24
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Yetkin-Arik B, Kastelein AW, Klaassen I, Jansen CHJR, Latul YP, Vittori M, Biri A, Kahraman K, Griffioen AW, Amant F, Lok CAR, Schlingemann RO, van Noorden CJF. Angiogenesis in gynecological cancers and the options for anti-angiogenesis therapy. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188446. [PMID: 33058997 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is required in cancer, including gynecological cancers, for the growth of primary tumors and secondary metastases. Development of anti-angiogenesis therapy in gynecological cancers and improvement of its efficacy have been a major focus of fundamental and clinical research. However, survival benefits of current anti-angiogenic agents, such as bevacizumab, in patients with gynecological cancer, are modest. Therefore, a better understanding of angiogenesis and the tumor microenvironment in gynecological cancers is urgently needed to develop more effective anti-angiogenic therapies, either or not in combination with other therapeutic approaches. We describe the molecular aspects of (tumor) blood vessel formation and the tumor microenvironment and provide an extensive clinical overview of current anti-angiogenic therapies for gynecological cancers. We discuss the different phenotypes of angiogenic endothelial cells as potential therapeutic targets, strategies aimed at intervention in their metabolism, and approaches targeting their (inflammatory) tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Yetkin-Arik
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Arnoud W Kastelein
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
| | - Ingeborg Klaassen
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Charlotte H J R Jansen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Yani P Latul
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Miloš Vittori
- Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Aydan Biri
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Koru Ankara Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Korhan Kahraman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bahcesehir University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Arjan W Griffioen
- Angiogenesis Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Frederic Amant
- Department of Oncology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christianne A R Lok
- Center for Gynaecological Oncology, Antoni van Leeuwenhoek, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Reinier O Schlingemann
- Ocular Angiogenesis Group, Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Cornelis J F van Noorden
- Department of Medical Biology, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Genetic Toxicology and Cancer Biology, National Institute of Biology, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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25
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Endocan expression correlated with total volume of coronary artery dilation in patients with coronary artery ectasia. ADVANCES IN INTERVENTIONAL CARDIOLOGY 2020; 16:294-299. [PMID: 33597994 PMCID: PMC7863800 DOI: 10.5114/aic.2020.99264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Inflammation and angiogenesis disturbances are considered as factors contributing to the development of coronary artery ectasias (CAE). Endocan (endothelial cell-specific molecule-1 – ESM-1) regulates both inflammatory and angiogenetic processes. However, there are no data about the correlation between endocan level and the severity of CAE measured with total volume of coronary artery dilation. Aim To assess whether the severity of the inflammatory process measured as endocan concentration correlates with the total volume of CAE. Material and methods We selected prospectively a total of 43 consecutive patients with coronary artery ectasia from 2240 patients who underwent coronary angiography in our center. Determination of endocan was performed by using the Human Endothelial cell-specific Molecule 1 (ECSM1/ENDOCAN) ELISA Kit. 3D QCA (three-dimensional quantitative coronary angiography) was used for coronary lesion and aneurysm quantification. The total volume of dilation was defined as the volume of all aneurysms and ectasias of coronary arteries in 1 patient. Results The mean volume of all aneurysms in 1 patient was 677 ±878.7 mm3. The total aneurysm volume was positively strongly correlated with endocan concentration (Pearson correlation coefficient: 0.811; 2-tailed p < 0.001). Conclusions Endocan is a potential marker of vascular wall damage mainly as a result of inflammation in the course of atherosclerosis, but also vascular remodeling as a result of a disturbance of pro- and anti-angiogenic processes. Endocan level reflects the intensity of the above processes and therefore correlates with the severity of CAE, measured as the total volume of dilation.
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26
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Geng X, Yanagida K, Akwii RG, Choi D, Chen L, Ho Y, Cha B, Mahamud MR, Berman de Ruiz K, Ichise H, Chen H, Wythe JD, Mikelis CM, Hla T, Srinivasan RS. S1PR1 regulates the quiescence of lymphatic vessels by inhibiting laminar shear stress-dependent VEGF-C signaling. JCI Insight 2020; 5:137652. [PMID: 32544090 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.137652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
During the growth of lymphatic vessels (lymphangiogenesis), lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) at the growing front sprout by forming filopodia. Those tip cells are not exposed to circulating lymph, as they are not lumenized. In contrast, LECs that trail the growing front are exposed to shear stress, become quiescent, and remodel into stable vessels. The mechanisms that coordinate the opposed activities of lymphatic sprouting and maturation remain poorly understood. Here, we show that the canonical tip cell marker Delta-like 4 (DLL4) promotes sprouting lymphangiogenesis by enhancing VEGF-C/VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3) signaling. However, in lumenized lymphatic vessels, laminar shear stress (LSS) inhibits the expression of DLL4, as well as additional tip cell markers. Paradoxically, LSS also upregulates VEGF-C/VEGFR3 signaling in LECs, but sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1PR1) activity antagonizes LSS-mediated VEGF-C signaling to promote lymphatic vascular quiescence. Correspondingly, S1pr1 loss in LECs induced lymphatic vascular hypersprouting and hyperbranching, which could be rescued by reducing Vegfr3 gene dosage in vivo. In addition, S1PR1 regulates lymphatic vessel maturation by inhibiting RhoA activity to promote membrane localization of the tight junction molecule claudin-5. Our findings suggest a potentially new paradigm in which LSS induces quiescence and promotes the survival of LECs by downregulating DLL4 and enhancing VEGF-C signaling, respectively. S1PR1 dampens LSS/VEGF-C signaling, thereby preventing sprouting from quiescent lymphatic vessels. These results also highlight the distinct roles that S1PR1 and DLL4 play in LECs when compared with their known roles in the blood vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Geng
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Keisuke Yanagida
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Racheal G Akwii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - Dongwon Choi
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - YenChun Ho
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Boksik Cha
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Md Riaj Mahamud
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Karen Berman de Ruiz
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Hirotake Ichise
- Institute for Animal Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ryukyus, Nishihara-cho, Okinawa, Japan
| | - Hong Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Joshua D Wythe
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Constantinos M Mikelis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Amarillo, Texas, USA
| | - Timothy Hla
- Vascular Biology Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - R Sathish Srinivasan
- Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
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27
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Fang Y, Kaszuba T, Imoukhuede PI. Systems Biology Will Direct Vascular-Targeted Therapy for Obesity. Front Physiol 2020; 11:831. [PMID: 32760294 PMCID: PMC7373796 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy adipose tissue expansion and metabolism during weight gain require coordinated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. These vascular growth processes rely on the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family of ligands and receptors (VEGFRs). Several studies have shown that controlling vascular growth by regulating VEGF:VEGFR signaling can be beneficial for treating obesity; however, dysregulated angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis are associated with several chronic tissue inflammation symptoms, including hypoxia, immune cell accumulation, and fibrosis, leading to obesity-related metabolic disorders. An ideal obesity treatment should minimize adipose tissue expansion and the advent of adverse metabolic consequences, which could be achieved by normalizing VEGF:VEGFR signaling. Toward this goal, a systematic investigation of the interdependency of vascular and metabolic systems in obesity and tools to predict personalized treatment ranges are necessary to improve patient outcomes through vascular-targeted therapies. Systems biology can identify the critical VEGF:VEGFR signaling mechanisms that can be targeted to regress adipose tissue expansion and can predict the metabolic consequences of different vascular-targeted approaches. Establishing a predictive, biologically faithful platform requires appropriate computational models and quantitative tissue-specific data. Here, we discuss the involvement of VEGF:VEGFR signaling in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, adipogenesis, and macrophage specification – key mechanisms that regulate adipose tissue expansion and metabolism. We then provide useful computational approaches for simulating these mechanisms, and detail quantitative techniques for acquiring tissue-specific parameters. Systems biology, through computational models and quantitative data, will enable an accurate representation of obese adipose tissue that can be used to direct the development of vascular-targeted therapies for obesity and associated metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingye Fang
- Imoukhuede Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tomasz Kaszuba
- Imoukhuede Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - P I Imoukhuede
- Imoukhuede Systems Biology Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
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28
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Yang YC, Pan KF, Lee WJ, Chang JH, Tan P, Gu CC, Chang WM, Yang SF, Hsiao M, Hua KT, Chien MH. Circulating Proteoglycan Endocan Mediates EGFR-Driven Progression of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancer Res 2020; 80:3292-3304. [PMID: 32561533 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Although new generations of EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKI) have been developed for the treatment of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with EGFR-mutant tumors, TKI resistance often returns as a result of additional EGFR mutations. In addition to seeking for next-generation EGFR-TKI, developing novel EGFR-targeting strategies may hold the key to overcome the vicious cycle of TKI resistance. Endocan is known as a receptor tyrosine kinase ligand enhancer in tumorigenesis, but the impact of endocan on EGFR-driven NSCLC progression remains unknown. In this study, higher endocan levels were found in lung tumors compared with cancer-free tissues and correlated with poor prognosis in patients with NSCLC harboring mutant EGFR; circulating endocan levels were also significantly higher in patients with mutant EGFR. Endocan facilitated EGFR signaling via direct binding and enhancing of the EGF-EGFR interaction and supported the growth of tumors driven by mutated EGFR. Activated EGFR in turn upregulated expression of endocan via JAK/STAT3 and ERK/ELK cascades, thus forming a positive regulatory loop of endocan-EGFR signaling. On the basis of the binding region between endocan and EGFR, we designed therapeutic peptides and demonstrated promising therapeutic effects in xenografts harboring EGFR mutations including TKI-resistant T790M. Together, our findings highlight the novel interaction between endocan and EGFR and new opportunities to effectively target endocan-EGFR regulatory axis in patients with TKI-resistant NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: Endocan is a novel and critical regulator of EGF/EGFR signaling and serves as an alternative target of EGFR-TKI resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chieh Yang
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Tungs' Taichung Metro Harbor Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Fan Pan
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Jiunn Lee
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Education and Research, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Cancer Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Hwa Chang
- School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Peng Tan
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chi Gu
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Min Chang
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Michael Hsiao
- The Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Tai Hua
- Graduate Institute of Toxicology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Hsien Chien
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Pulmonary Research Center, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Traditional Herbal Medicine Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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MiR-182-5p inhibits colon cancer tumorigenesis, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis by directly downregulating VEGF-C. Cancer Lett 2020; 488:18-26. [PMID: 32473243 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2020.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are gene modulators essential for biological processes. However, the precise functions of miRNAs in growth and development of colon cancer are still elusive. To clarify their role, here we analyzed a miRNA microarray of colon cancer. MiR-182-5p was found markedly downregulated in colon cancer tissues and cells, and strongly correlated with pathological stage, differentiation, and lymphatic metastasis. In vitro, miR-182-5p overexpression repressed colon cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, and invasion, and triggered G1 arrest and apoptosis. MiR-182-5p overexpression also downregulated vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C and inhibited the activity of a luciferase reporter containing the VEGF-C 3'-untranslated region. Moreover, miR-182-5p overexpression in colon cancer cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) downregulated VEGF-A as well as VEGF receptor (VEGFR)-2 and VEGFR-3, thereby inhibiting the phosphorylation of ERK and AKT. In vivo, miR-182-5p overexpression strikingly suppressed oncogenicity of SW620 cells as well as angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis of xenograft tumors in nude mice. These data indicate that miR-182-5p regulates colon cancer tumorigenesis partially through modulating angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis by targeting VEGF-C, and inhibiting ERK and AKT signaling pathways.
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30
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ESM-1 Overexpression is Involved in Increased Tumorigenesis of Radiotherapy-Resistant Breast Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061363. [PMID: 32466580 PMCID: PMC7352712 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The key barrier to the effectiveness of radiotherapy remains the radioresistance of breast cancer cells, resulting in increased tumor recurrence and metastasis. Thus, in this study, we aimed to clarify the difference between radiotherapy-resistant (RT-R) breast cancer (BC) and BC, and accordingly, analyzed gene expression levels between radiotherapy-resistant (RT-R) MDA-MB-231 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells. Gene expression array showed that ESM-1 was the most upregulated in RT-R-MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells. Then, we aimed to investigate the role of ESM-1 in the increased tumorigenesis of RT-R-BC cells. RT-R-MDA-MB-231, which showed an increased expression level of ESM1, exhibited significantly enhanced proliferation, colony forming ability, migration, and invasion compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, and ESM-1 knockdown effectively reversed these effects. In addition, compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, RT-R-MDA-MB-231 cells displayed improved adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) due to the induction of adhesion molecules and increased MMP-9 activity and VEGF-A production, which were decreased by ESM-1 knockdown. Moreover, the expression of HIF-1α and activation of NF-κB and STAT-3 were increased in RT-R-MDA-MB-231 cells compared to MDA-MB-231 cells, and these effects were abolished by the knockdown of ESM-1. Finally, we confirmed the role of ESM-1 in tumorigenesis in an in vivo mouse model. Tumor volume, lung metastasis, and tumorigenic molecules (VEGF-A, HIF-1α, MMP-9, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and phospho-NF-κB and phospho-STAT-3) were significantly induced in mice injected with ESM-1-overexpressing 4T1 cells and greatly enhanced in those injected with ESM-1-overexpressing RT-R-4T1 cells. Taken together, these results suggest for the first time that ESM-1 plays a critical role in tumorigenesis of breast cancer cells, especially RT-R-breast cancer cells, through the induction of cell proliferation and invasion.
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31
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Chen X, Yao Y, Yuan F, Xie B. Overexpression of miR-181a-5p inhibits retinal neovascularization through endocan and the ERK1/2 signaling pathway. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:9323-9335. [PMID: 32346884 PMCID: PMC7587009 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Retinal neovascularization (RNV) is a common pathological feature of angiogenesis‐related retinopathy. Endocan inhibition has previously been reported to suppress RNV in oxygen‐induced retinopathy (OIR); however, its molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of endocan in OIR. We established an OIR mouse model and detected aberrant endocan overexpression in OIR mouse retinas. Endocan inhibition through small interfering RNA or a neutralizing antibody inhibited vascular endothelial growth factor‐induced cell survival, cell proliferation, and tube formation in human retinal endothelial cells in vitro and reduced the RNV area in vivo. Using RNA sequencing, a luciferase reporter assay, and bioinformatics analyses, we identified endocan as a microRNA‐181a‐5p target gene. The antiangiogenic effect of miR‐181a‐5p on RNV was verified by intravitreal injection, and we showed that this involved the extracellular signal‐regulated protein kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) signaling pathway. Collectively, our data demonstrate that miR‐181a‐5p/endocan regulates retinal angiogenesis through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway and might represent an attractive therapeutic strategy for RNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuping Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiyun Yao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yuan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bing Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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32
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Toyoda E, Sato M, Takahashi T, Maehara M, Okada E, Wasai S, Iijima H, Nonaka K, Kawaguchi Y, Watanabe M. Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses Reveal the Potential Mode of Action of Chondrocyte Sheets in Hyaline Cartilage Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 21:ijms21010149. [PMID: 31878307 PMCID: PMC6981399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocyte sheet transplantation is a novel and promising approach to treating patients who have cartilage defects associated with osteoarthritis. Hyaline cartilage regeneration by autologous chondrocyte sheets has already been demonstrated in clinical research. In this study, the efficacy of polydactyly-derived chondrocyte sheets (PD sheets) as an allogeneic alternative to standard chondrocyte sheets was examined using an orthotopic xenogeneic transplantation model. In addition, the expression of genes and the secreted proteins in the PD sheets was analyzed using a microarray and a DNA aptamer array. The efficacy of PD sheets with respect to cartilage defects was assessed using histological scores, after which the expressions of genes and proteins exhibiting a correlation to efficacy were identified. Enrichment analysis of efficacy-correlated genes and proteins showed that they were associated with extracellular matrices, skeletal development, and angiogenesis. Eight genes (ESM1, GREM1, SERPINA3, DKK1, MIA, NTN4, FABP3, and PDGFA) exhibited a positive correlation with the efficacy of PD sheets, and three genes (RARRES2, APOE, and PGF) showed a negative correlation for both transcriptomic and proteomic analyses. Among these, MIA, DKK1, and GREM1 involved in skeletal development pathways and ESM1 involved in the angiogenesis pathway exhibited a correlation between the amount of secretion and efficacy. These results suggest that these secreted factors may prove useful for predicting PD sheet efficacy and may therefore contribute to hyaline cartilage regeneration via PD sheets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eriko Toyoda
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Masato Sato
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-463-93-1121; Fax: +81-463-96-4404
| | - Takumi Takahashi
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Miki Maehara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Eri Okada
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Shiho Wasai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iijima
- DNA Chip Research Inc., 1-15-1, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan
| | - Ken Nonaka
- DNA Chip Research Inc., 1-15-1, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0022, Japan
| | - Yuka Kawaguchi
- CellSeed Inc., 2-5-10, Aomi, Koto-ku, Tokyo 135-0064, Japan
| | - Masahiko Watanabe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Surgical Science, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
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Deckelbaum RA, Lobov IB, Cheung E, Halasz G, Rajamani S, Lerner J, Tong C, Li Z, Boland P, Dominguez M, Hughes V, Yancopoulos GD, Murphy AJ, Thurston G, Cao J, Romano C, Gale NW. The potassium channel Kcne3 is a VEGFA-inducible gene selectively expressed by vascular endothelial tip cells. Angiogenesis 2019; 23:179-192. [PMID: 31754927 PMCID: PMC7160073 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-019-09696-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is largely driven by motile endothelial tip-cells capable of invading avascular tissue domains and enabling new vessel formation. Highly responsive to Vascular Endothelial Growth-Factor-A (VEGFA), endothelial tip-cells also suppress angiogenic sprouting in adjacent stalk cells, and thus have been a primary therapeutic focus in addressing neovascular pathologies. Surprisingly, however, there remains a paucity of specific endothelial tip-cell markers. Here, we employ transcriptional profiling and a lacZ reporter allele to identify Kcne3 as an early and selective endothelial tip-cell marker in multiple angiogenic contexts. In development, Kcne3 expression initiates during early phases of angiogenesis (E9) and remains specific to endothelial tip-cells, often adjacent to regions expressing VEGFA. Consistently, Kcne3 activation is highly responsive to exogenous VEGFA but maintains tip-cell specificity throughout normal retinal angiogenesis. We also demonstrate endothelial tip-cell selectivity of Kcne3 in several injury and tumor models. Together, our data show that Kcne3 is a unique marker of sprouting angiogenic tip-cells and offers new opportunities for investigating and targeting this cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ron A Deckelbaum
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA.
| | | | - Eunice Cheung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Gabor Halasz
- Department of Bioinformatics, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Saathyaki Rajamani
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Julia Lerner
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Chunxiang Tong
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Zhe Li
- Department of Oncology & Angiogenesis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Patricia Boland
- Department of Oncology & Angiogenesis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Melissa Dominguez
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Virginia Hughes
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - George D Yancopoulos
- Department of Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Andrew J Murphy
- Department of Research, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Gavin Thurston
- Department of Oncology & Angiogenesis, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc., Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Jingtai Cao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Carmelo Romano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
| | - Nicholas W Gale
- Department of Pre-Therapeutic Target Discovery, Regeneron Pharmaceuticals Inc, Tarrytown, NY, 10591, USA
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Endocan Expression Profile in Different Grades of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER MANAGEMENT 2019. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.82413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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35
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Kaipainen A, Chen E, Chang L, Zhao B, Shin H, Stahl A, Fishman SJ, Mulliken JB, Folkman J, Huang S, Fannon M. Characterization of lymphatic malformations using primary cells and tissue transcriptomes. Scand J Immunol 2019; 90:e12800. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Arja Kaipainen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Emy Chen
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Lynn Chang
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Bing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA
| | - Hainsworth Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA
| | - Andreas Stahl
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Steven J. Fishman
- Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - John B. Mulliken
- Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Judah Folkman
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Sui Huang
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
| | - Michael Fannon
- Vascular Biology Program, Department of Surgery Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA USA
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences University of Kentucky Lexington KY USA
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Possible cooption of a VEGF-driven tubulogenesis program for biomineralization in echinoderms. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12353-12362. [PMID: 31152134 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902126116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomineralization is the process by which living organisms use minerals to form hard structures that protect and support them. Biomineralization is believed to have evolved rapidly and independently in different phyla utilizing preexisting components. The mechanistic understanding of the regulatory networks that drive biomineralization and their evolution is far from clear. Sea urchin skeletogenesis is an excellent model system for studying both gene regulation and mineral uptake and deposition. The sea urchin calcite spicules are formed within a tubular cavity generated by the skeletogenic cells controlled by vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling. The VEGF pathway is essential for biomineralization in echinoderms, while in many other phyla, across metazoans, it controls tubulogenesis and vascularization. Despite the critical role of VEGF signaling in sea urchin spiculogenesis, the downstream program it activates was largely unknown. Here we study the cellular and molecular machinery activated by the VEGF pathway during sea urchin spiculogenesis and reveal multiple parallels to the regulation of vertebrate vascularization. Human VEGF rescues sea urchin VEGF knockdown, vesicle deposition into an internal cavity plays a significant role in both systems, and sea urchin VEGF signaling activates hundreds of genes, including biomineralization and interestingly, vascularization genes. Moreover, five upstream transcription factors and three signaling genes that drive spiculogenesis are homologous to vertebrate factors that control vascularization. Overall, our findings suggest that sea urchin spiculogenesis and vertebrate vascularization diverged from a common ancestral tubulogenesis program, broadly adapted for vascularization and specifically coopted for biomineralization in the echinoderm phylum.
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Szpera-Goździewicz A, Kosicka K, Goździewicz T, Krzyścin M, Wirstlein P, Siemiątkowska A, Główka FK, Wender-Ożegowska E, Markwitz W, Bręborowicz GH. Serum endocan concentration and its correlation with severity of hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2018; 33:2313-2319. [PMID: 30501553 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2018.1548597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Endocan plays a role in the development of vascular tissue in health and disease and is an indicator of endothelial cells activation and angiogenesis.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between endocan serum levels and various types of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women.Patients and methods: We created three study groups (preeclampsia [n = 60], chronic hypertension [n = 39], gestational hypertension [n = 58]) and the control group consisting of 59 healthy pregnant women. The endocan serum concentration was assessed using commercially available ELISA kit.Results: There were no statistically significant differences in endocan serum levels (pg/mL) in each study group compared to controls. The multiple regression did not reveal significant differences between endocan levels in each study group after adjustment for prepregnancy BMI. We did not find any significant correlations between the endocan serum level and patients' age, gestational age (GA) at sample collection, prepregnancy BMI, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and 24-hour urinary protein excretion in each analyzed group. Moreover, in the preeclamptic participants, we did not observe a significant relationship between the endocan concentration and the features indicating the severity of the disease other than elevated blood pressure. There were no differences in endocan serum level in preeclampsia subgroups: early-onset versus late-onset and mild versus severe preeclampsia.Conclusions: Endocan is not involved in the pathogenesis of hypertensive disorders in pregnant women and could not be regarded as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szpera-Goździewicz
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosicka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Goździewicz
- Division of Gynecology, Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Mariola Krzyścin
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Wirstlein
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Anna Siemiątkowska
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Franciszek K Główka
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ożegowska
- Division of Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Wiesław Markwitz
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Grzegorz H Bręborowicz
- Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Elkamshoushi AM, Omar SS, El Abd AM, Hassan SZ, Sultan EA, Abd Elkawy E. Subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriatic disease: relation to endocan, TNF-α, age of onset, and body fat. Int J Dermatol 2018; 58:456-464. [PMID: 30471086 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.14290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a common multisystem inflammatory disease with several associated comorbidities. Serological markers to detect associated subclinical atherosclerosis in psoriatic patients are needed. We aimed to study serum endocan levels in psoriasis vulgaris and its relation to severity of psoriasis, systemic inflammation, associated atherosclerosis, obesity, and the possible factors affecting its level in psoriatic patients. METHODS This study was conducted on 30 moderate-severe psoriasis vulgaris patients and 30 healthy controls. Body mass index, body fat percent, and PASI assessments were done. Serum endocan and tumor necrosis factor-α levels were measured by ELISA. Carotid artery intima-media thickness measurement by high-resolution ultrasound was performed. RESULTS Psoriasis patients showed significantly higher serum tumor necrosis factor-α and endocan levels (P1 = 0.008, P2 = 0.003). Additionally, there was a statistically significant difference between mean carotid artery intima-media thickness of both groups (P = 0.005). Serum endocan levels positively correlated with PASI score (P = 0.002), tumor necrosis factor-α levels (P < 0.001), mean carotid artery intima-media thickness (P = 0.001), and body mass index (P < 0.001) in the patients group. Additionally, the age of onset of disease negatively correlated with serum endocan (P = 0.003). CONCLUSION Serum endocan is a promising marker of severity of psoriasis and associated atherosclerosis. Early onset psoriasis is associated with higher serum endocan levels. Body mass index is positively correlated with serum endocan levels. The positive correlation of endocan and tumor necrosis factor-α supports the regulatory effect of the cytokine on endocan production and suggests the role of endocan as an inflammatory marker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelaal M Elkamshoushi
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Salma S Omar
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Amr M El Abd
- Department of Radiodiagnosis and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Seham Z Hassan
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman A Sultan
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Eman Abd Elkawy
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Evaluation of Aqueous Endocan and Endostatin Levels in Patients With Pseudoexfoliation Syndrome. J Glaucoma 2018; 28:38-41. [PMID: 30339555 DOI: 10.1097/ijg.0000000000001115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the aqueous humor endocan and endostatin levels in patients with pseudoexfoliation (PEX) syndrome and to compare the results with healthy individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty nine cataract patients with PEX syndrome (PEX group) and 32 cataract patients without PEX syndrome (control group) were enrolled in the study. Endocan and endostatin were measured in the aqueous humor of the PEX and control groups by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS There was no difference between the PEX and control groups in terms of age (P=0.721) and sex (P=0.902). The aqueous levels of endocan in patients with PEX (26.39±5.80 pg/mL) was significantly higher than in the control group (11.42±2.44 pg/mL) (P=0.039). The aqueous levels of endostatin was 12.00±1.35 ng/mL in the PEX group and 14.22±3.31 ng/mL in the control group, however, the difference was not statistically significant (P=0.41). CONCLUSIONS The findings of the present study could suggest that the increased levels of aqueous endocan may be related to pathogenesis of PEX. However, levels of aqueous endostatin did not show any significant difference in PEX.
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Sun H, Zhang H, Li K, Wu H, Zhan X, Fang F, Qin Y, Wei Y. ESM‐1 promotes adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells under intermittent hypoxia. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:1512-1521. [PMID: 30144067 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haili Sun
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Huina Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Hao Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Xiaojun Zhan
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Fang Fang
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yanwen Qin
- The Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
| | - Yongxiang Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
- The Key Laboratory of Upper Airway Dysfunction‐Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University Beijing China
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Gök M, Kundi H, Kiziltunç E, Topçuoğlu C, Örnek E. The relationship between serum endocan levels and the presence/severity of isolated coronary artery ectasia. Cardiovasc Endocrinol Metab 2018; 7:42-46. [PMID: 31646279 DOI: 10.1097/xce.0000000000000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum endocan levels and the presence and severity of isolated coronary artery ectasia (CAE). Patients and methods A total of 52 patients with CAE without obstructive coronary artery disease and 33 participants with a normal coronary artery were included in this study. The severity of CAE was graded according to Markis classification. Serum endocan levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results In multivariate regression analysis, high sensitivity C-reactive protein and endocan levels were found to be significantly associated with the presence of isolated CAE. However, there was no relationship between serum endocan levels and the severity of CAE according to Markis classification. Conclusion Plasma endocan levels may reflect the presence of isolated CAE, suggesting that endocan may be involved in the pathogenesis of isolated CAE.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Canan Topçuoğlu
- Biochemistry, Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
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Szpera-Gozdziewicz A, Kosicka K, Gozdziewicz T, Krzyscin M, Wirstlein P, Siemiatkowska A, Glowka F, Wender-Ozegowska E, Breborowicz GH. Maternal Serum Endocan Concentration in Pregnancies Complicated by Intrauterine Growth Restriction. Reprod Sci 2018; 26:370-376. [PMID: 29742984 DOI: 10.1177/1933719118773480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Endocan plays a role in the development of vascular tissue in health and disease and is an indicator of endothelial cells activation and angiogenesis. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between maternal endocan serum level and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) as well as ultrasound Doppler flow measurements indicating placental insufficiency. METHODS This study included a group of women with IUGR (n = 37) and a group of healthy pregnant women (controls, n = 37). The endocan serum concentrations were assessed using commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit. Every woman underwent an ultrasound examination with Doppler flow measurements of the uterine arteries, umbilical vessels, and fetal middle cerebral artery. We used the cerebroplacental ratio (CPR) to determine placental insufficiency. RESULTS We found significant differences in median (interquartile) endocan serum level (pg/mL) between study and control groups (464 [374-532] vs 339 [189-496], respectively; P < .001). The endocan serum level correlated neither with umbilical cord blood gases nor with Apgar score. Ultrasound Doppler findings revealed significant differences in middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (PI), umbilical artery PI, CPR, as well as mean uterine arteries PI between IUGR group and controls. In the study group, we found significant correlations between the serum endocan and CPR ( R = 0.56, P < .001) as well as between serum endocan and mean uterine arteries PI ( R = 0.46, P = .006). CONCLUSION Endocan is likely involved in the pathogenesis of IUGR in pregnant women and possibly is a useful marker of endothelial dysfunction in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szpera-Gozdziewicz
- 1 Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kosicka
- 2 Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gozdziewicz
- 3 Division of Gynecology, Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mariola Krzyscin
- 1 Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Wirstlein
- 4 Division of Reproduction, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Anna Siemiatkowska
- 2 Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Franciszek Glowka
- 2 Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Ewa Wender-Ozegowska
- 2 Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Grzegorz H Breborowicz
- 1 Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland
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Zhang X, Zhuang R, Wu H, Chen J, Wang F, Li G, Wu C. A novel role of endocan in alleviating LPS-induced acute lung injury. Life Sci 2018; 202:89-97. [PMID: 29627442 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Endotoxin induced acute lung injury (ALI) is a critical complication of some clinical illnesses. Endothelial cell dysfunction and excessive pro-inflammation cytokine release are pivotal to the injury of alveolar-capillary membrane which is the typical characteristic of endotoxic lung injury. As a potential marker of endothelial cells, endocan plays an important role in many endothelial-dependent pathophysiological diseases. We speculated that endocan have anti-inflammatory property in ALI. Here, we investigated the role of endocan in LPS-induced ALI. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mice were randomly divided into 4 groups. LPS were used to construct ALI mice model by aerosolization for 20 min. Endocan was intraperitoneal injected at 30 min before LPS exposure. Levels of TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, IL-6 and MPO activities were detected by indicated ELISA. Cell apoptotic rate was determined by Annexin V/PI kit, ROS level and MPTP were detected by DCFH-DA and JC-1 kit, respectively. Seahorse XF96 was applied to evaluate the alteration of OCR and ECAR. Western blot and qRT-PCR were used to detect indicated molecules. KEY FINDINGS Endocan effectively decreased TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels as well as relieved pulmonary epithelium cell apoptosis caused by LPS exposure. Endocan significantly reversed LPS induced UPRmt and promoted cell metabolism reprogramming which were crucial for the protective characteristic of endocan in ALI mice model. SIGNIFICANCE The above findings suggested endocan could significantly suppress inflammatory response in ALI model through attenuating UPRmt associated apoptosis and switch cellular bioenergetics, indicating endocan could be considered as a promising compound against LPS induced ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Rong Zhuang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Haiya Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, 109 Xueyuan Western Road, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Fangyan Wang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, PR China
| | - Guoping Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, PR China.
| | - Chengyun Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325027, PR China.
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Schuitemaker JH, Cremers TI, Van Pampus MG, Scherjon SA, Faas MM. Changes in endothelial cell specific molecule 1 plasma levels during preeclamptic pregnancies compared to healthy pregnancies. Pregnancy Hypertens 2018; 12:58-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2018.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Rauniyar K, Jha SK, Jeltsch M. Biology of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C in the Morphogenesis of Lymphatic Vessels. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2018; 6:7. [PMID: 29484295 PMCID: PMC5816233 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2018.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Because virtually all tissues contain blood vessels, the importance of hemevascularization has been long recognized in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. However, the lymphatic vasculature has only recently become a subject of interest. Central to the task of growing a lymphatic network are lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which constitute the innermost layer of all lymphatic vessels. The central molecule that directs proliferation and migration of LECs during embryogenesis is vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C). VEGF-C is therefore an important ingredient for LEC culture and attempts to (re)generate lymphatic vessels and networks. During its biosynthesis VEGF-C undergoes a stepwise proteolytic processing, during which its properties and affinities for its interaction partners change. Many of these fundamental aspects of VEGF-C biosynthesis have only recently been uncovered. So far, most—if not all—applications of VEGF-C do not discriminate between different forms of VEGF-C. However, for lymphatic regeneration and engineering purposes, it appears mandatory to understand these differences, since they relate, e.g., to important aspects such as biodistribution and receptor activation potential. In this review, we discuss the molecular biology of VEGF-C as it relates to the growth of LECs and lymphatic vessels. However, the properties of VEGF-C are similarly relevant for the cardiovascular system, since both old and recent data show that VEGF-C can have a profound effect on the blood vasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushbu Rauniyar
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Sawan Kumar Jha
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Michael Jeltsch
- Translational Cancer Biology Research Program, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Wihuri Research Institute, Biomedicum Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible role of endocan in the pathogenesis of pterygium. METHODS The study was conducted on 33 patients with primary pterygium and 20 control subjects with normal bulbar conjunctiva. Patients with pterygium were graded into 3 groups as atrophic, fleshy, and intermediate, according to the Tan classification. Primary nasal pterygia and normal bulbar conjunctivas were surgically removed. Endocan expression was immunohistochemically investigated. RESULTS Endocan expression in epithelial and endothelial cells was statistically significantly higher in pterygium tissues than control tissues (P = 0.001). No significant correlation was observed between pterygium classification groups and endocan expression in both epithelial and endothelial cells (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results suggest that endocan may have a role in the pathogenesis of pterygium.
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Kim E, Yang J, Park KW, Cho S. Inhibition of VEGF Signaling Reduces Diabetes-Exacerbated Brain Swelling, but Not Infarct Size, in Large Cerebral Infarction in Mice. Transl Stroke Res 2017; 9:540-548. [PMID: 29290003 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-017-0601-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In light of repeated translational failures with preclinical neuroprotection-based strategies, this preclinical study reevaluates brain swelling as an important pathological event in diabetic stroke and investigates underlying mechanism of the comorbidity-enhanced brain edema formation. Type 2 (mild), type 1 (moderate), and mixed type 1/2 (severe) diabetic mice were subjected to transient focal ischemia. Infarct volume, brain swelling, and IgG extravasation were assessed at 3 days post-stroke. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A, endothelial-specific molecule-1 (Esm1), and the VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) was determined in the ischemic brain. Additionally, SU5416, a VEGFR2 inhibitor, was treated in the type 1/2 diabetic mice, and stroke outcomes were determined. All diabetic groups displayed bigger infarct volume and brain swelling compared to nondiabetic mice, and the increased swelling was disproportionately larger relative to infarct enlargement. Diabetic conditions significantly increased VEGF-A, Esm1, and VEGFR2 expressions in the ischemic brain compared to nondiabetic mice. Notably, in diabetic mice, VEGFR2 mRNA levels were positively correlated with brain swelling, but not with infarct volume. Treatment with SU5416 in diabetic mice significantly reduced brain swelling. The study shows that brain swelling is a predominant pathological event in diabetic stroke and that an underlying event for diabetes-enhanced brain swelling includes the activation of VEGF signaling. This study suggests consideration of stroke therapies aiming at primarily reducing brain swelling for subjects with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhee Kim
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine at Burke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery at University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Jiwon Yang
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA
| | - Keun Woo Park
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA
| | - Sunghee Cho
- Burke-Cornell Medical Research Institute, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA.
- Feil Family Brain and Mind Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medicine at Burke Medical Research Institute, 785 Mamaroneck Ave, White Plains, NY, 10605, USA.
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Fukumoto M, Kondo K, Uni K, Ishiguro T, Hayashi M, Ueda S, Mori I, Niimi K, Tashiro F, Miyazaki S, Miyazaki JI, Inagaki S, Furuyama T. Tip-cell behavior is regulated by transcription factor FoxO1 under hypoxic conditions in developing mouse retinas. Angiogenesis 2017; 21:203-214. [DOI: 10.1007/s10456-017-9588-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Eilken HM, Diéguez-Hurtado R, Schmidt I, Nakayama M, Jeong HW, Arf H, Adams S, Ferrara N, Adams RH. Pericytes regulate VEGF-induced endothelial sprouting through VEGFR1. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1574. [PMID: 29146905 PMCID: PMC5691060 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01738-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Pericytes adhere to the abluminal surface of endothelial tubules and are required for the formation of stable vascular networks. Defective endothelial cell-pericyte interactions are frequently observed in diseases characterized by compromised vascular integrity such as diabetic retinopathy. Many functional properties of pericytes and their exact role in the regulation of angiogenic blood vessel growth remain elusive. Here we show that pericytes promote endothelial sprouting in the postnatal retinal vasculature. Using genetic and pharmacological approaches, we show that the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (VEGFR1) by pericytes spatially restricts VEGF signalling. Angiogenic defects caused by pericyte depletion are phenocopied by intraocular injection of VEGF-A or pericyte-specific inactivation of the murine gene encoding VEGFR1. Our findings establish that pericytes promote endothelial sprouting, which results in the loss of side branches and the enlargement of vessels when pericyte function is impaired or lost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanna M Eilken
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.,Bayer AG, Aprather Weg 18a, 42113, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Rodrigo Diéguez-Hurtado
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Inga Schmidt
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Masanori Nakayama
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.,Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Laboratory for Cell Polarity and Organogenesis, 61231, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hyun-Woo Jeong
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Hendrik Arf
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Susanne Adams
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Napoleone Ferrara
- University of California San Diego Medical Center, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, Department of Tissue Morphogenesis and University of Münster, Faculty of Medicine, D-48149, Münster, Germany.
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Dieterich LC, Ducoli L, Shin JW, Detmar M. Distinct transcriptional responses of lymphatic endothelial cells to VEGFR-3 and VEGFR-2 stimulation. Sci Data 2017; 4:170106. [PMID: 28850122 PMCID: PMC5574372 DOI: 10.1038/sdata.2017.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors play crucial roles in the formation of blood and lymphatic vessels during embryogenesis, and also under pathologic conditions in the adult. Despite intensive efforts over the last decades to elucidate the precise functions of VEGFs, transcriptional responses to VEGF receptor stimulation are still not fully characterized. To investigate the specific transcriptional effects of VEGFR-2 and VEGFR-3 activation, we performed a correlation analysis of previously published CAGE sequencing and microarray data of human lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) stimulated with distinct VEGFs acting through either VEGFR-2 or VEGFR-3. We identified that specific activation of VEGFR-3 by VEGF-C156S results in the downregulation of many genes involved in immune regulation and inflammation, suggesting that VEGFR-3 stimulation has direct anti-inflammatory effects. Comparing CAGE and microarray data sets, we furthermore identified a small number of genes that showed a receptor-dependent response in LECs, demonstrating that these receptors, despite activating very similar signaling pathways, fulfill overlapping but not identical functions within the same cell type (LECs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lothar C. Dieterich
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Luca Ducoli
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jay W. Shin
- RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Division of Genomic Technologies, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Michael Detmar
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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