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Huang L, Shao B. New insights of glycoprotein Ib-IX-V complex organization and glycoprotein Ibα in platelet biogenesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2024:00062752-990000000-00081. [PMID: 39046849 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX-V, a platelet surface receptor that plays a critical role in platelet adhesion and platelet-mediated immune responses, consists of GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV in a stoichiometry of 2 : 4 : 2 : 1. Forming a complex is essential for GPIb-IX-V to function. GPIb-IX-V also plays an important role in platelet biogenesis by regulating the number and size of platelets. Yet how GPIb-IX-V regulates platelet biogenesis remains elusive. This review will summarize recent findings in the complex organization of GPIb-IX-V and its role in platelet biogenesis. RECENT FINDINGS Proteomics studies suggest that GPIbα, GPIbβ, GPIX, and GPV form the complex in a ratio of 1 : 2 : 1 : 1, which is supported by analysis of molecular weight of GPIb-IX-V and GPIb-IX and the structure of entire GPIb-IX-V. To activate platelets, GPIbα requires binding of CLEC-2 to trigger signals. Furthermore, disrupting the GPIbα anchorage to filamin A causes defects in platelet budding away from proplatelets leading to giant platelets and a low platelet count. SUMMARY New studies challenge the traditional model for the organization of GPIb-IX-V as a complex and indicate the role of GPIb-IX-V in platelet production. Those studies provide insights for GPIb-IX-V in the regulation of platelet activation and platelet biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Huang
- Laboratory of Vascular Inflammation and Thrombosis Research, Lindsley F. Kimball Research Institute, New York Blood Center, New York, New York, USA
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Giovannelli P, Di Donato M, Licitra F, Sabbatino E, Tutino V, Castoria G, Migliaccio A. Filamin A in triple negative breast cancer. Steroids 2024; 205:109380. [PMID: 38311094 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2024.109380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer is a rare but highly heterogeneous breast cancer subtype with a limited choice of specific treatments. Chemotherapy remains the only efficient treatment, but its side effects and the development of resistance consolidate the urgent need to discover new targets. In TNBC, filamin A expression correlates to grade and TNM stage. Accordingly, this protein could constitute a new target for this BC subtype. Even if most of the data indicates its direct involvement in cancer progression, some contrasting results underline the need to deepen the studies. To elucidate a possible function of this protein as a TNBC marker, we summarized the main characteristic of filamin A and its involvement in physiological and pathological processes such as cancer. Lastly, we scrutinized its actions in triple-negative breast cancer and highlighted the need to increase the number of studies useful to better clarify the role of this versatile protein as a marker and target in TNBC, alone or in "collaboration" with other proteins with a relevant role in this BC subgroup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Giovannelli
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy.
| | - Marzia Di Donato
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Licitra
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Emilia Sabbatino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Viviana Tutino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Castoria
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Antimo Migliaccio
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania "L.Vanvitelli", Via L. De Crecchio, 7-80138 Naples, Italy
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Chen X, Li J, Liu P, Zhou Y, Zhang T, Li L, Shi J, Deng X, Sheng Y, Chen W, Wang D, Hu H. Inflammasome-Independent Mechanism of NLRP3 Is Critical for Platelet GPIb-IX Function and Thrombosis. Thromb Haemost 2024. [PMID: 38325399 DOI: 10.1055/a-2263-8372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platelets link thrombosis and inflammation, but how platelets handle the endogenous intraplatelet inflammatory machinery is less well understood. NACHT, LRR, and PYD domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) is the central component of the interleukin (IL)-1-producing inflammasome. Elucidating the cell type-specific mechanism of NLRP3 in platelets may improve our understanding of thrombotic diseases. METHODS Ferric chloride-induced mesenteric arteriole thrombosis models, tail bleeding models, and microfluidic whole-blood perfusion were used to study thrombosis and hemostasis. Additionally, we utilized aggregometry, flow cytometry, immunoprecipitation, and western blotting to investigate glycoprotein (GP)Ib-IX-mediated platelet function and signaling. RESULTS NLRP3-/- mice exhibited severely impaired thrombosis and hemostasis, whereas apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC)-/-, caspase-1-/-, and Nlrp3 A350V/+ CrePF4 mice did not exhibit such changes. NLRP3-/- platelets exhibited reduced adhesion to injured vessel walls and collagen and impaired von Willebrand factor (vWF)-dependent translocation and rolling behavior. NLRP3 deficiency decreased botrocetin-induced platelet aggregation and the phosphorylation of key signaling molecules in the GPIb-IX pathway. Mechanistically, decreased cAMP/PKA activity led to reduced phosphorylation of NLRP3, thereby enabling the interaction between NLRP3 and filamin A. This interaction accelerated the dissociation of filamin A from GPIbα, which allowed a 14-3-3ζ-dependent increase in GPIb-IX affinity to vWF. Finally, platelet NLRP3 was found to largely regulate thrombotic disease models, such as models of stroke and deep vein thrombosis. CONCLUSION NLRP3 promoted the function of the major platelet adhesion receptor GPIb-IX without involving NLRP3 inflammasome assembly or IL-1β production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Chen
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingke Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangfan Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Center for Integrated Oncology and Precision Medicine, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingqi Shi
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Deng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilin Sheng
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Cell Biology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery of the Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hu Hu
- Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Bone Marrow Transplantation Center of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Hematology, Zhejiang University & Zhejiang Engineering Laboratory for Stem Cell and Immunotherapy, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Disease Proteomics of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Deng J, Xiong L, Ding Y, Cai Y, Chen Z, Fan F, Luo S, Hu Y. Platelet RNA sequencing reveals profile of caffeic acid affecting hemostasis in mice. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2024; 8:102349. [PMID: 38496710 PMCID: PMC10943058 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2024.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Caffeic acid (CA) is a naturally occurring phenolic compound with diverse pharmacologic properties. CA plays a crucial role in hemostasis by increasing platelet count. However, the mechanism by which CA regulates platelets to promote hemostasis remains unclear. Objectives We aim to identify the potential target pathways and genes by which CA regulates platelets to promote hemostasis. Methods We performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis of mouse platelet pools in both the CA-gavaged group and phosphate-buffered saline-gavaged group. Results The 12,934 expressed transcripts had been annotated after platelet RNA-seq. Compared with the phosphate-buffered saline group, 987 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified, of which 466 were downregulated and 521 were upregulated in CA group. Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and Reactome gene set enrichment analysis demonstrated that upregulated DEGs were enriched in the pathways of hemostasis, platelet activation, signaling, aggregation, and degranulation. Moreover, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes and Reactome gene set enrichment analysis revealed that 5 of the 25 cosignificantly upregulated DEGs were essential in CA-mediated platelet regulation to promote hemostasis. Conclusion Our findings of platelet RNA-seq analysis demonstrate that CA regulates the gene expression of hemostasis and platelet activation-related pathways to increase platelet count and promote hemostasis. It will also provide reference molecular resources for future research on the function and mechanism by which CA regulates platelets to promote hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Deng
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Lv Xiong
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yajie Ding
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaohua Cai
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaolin Chen
- Translational Medicine Center, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengjuan Fan
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shanshan Luo
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Hu
- Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Ellis ML, Terreaux A, Alwis I, Smythe R, Perdomo J, Eckly A, Cranmer SL, Passam FH, Maclean J, Schoenwaelder SM, Ruggeri ZM, Lanza F, Taoudi S, Yuan Y, Jackson SP. GPIbα-filamin A interaction regulates megakaryocyte localization and budding during platelet biogenesis. Blood 2024; 143:342-356. [PMID: 37922495 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023021292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Glycoprotein Ibα (GPIbα) is expressed on the surface of platelets and megakaryocytes (MKs) and anchored to the membrane skeleton by filamin A (flnA). Although GPIb and flnA have fundamental roles in platelet biogenesis, the nature of this interaction in megakaryocyte biology remains ill-defined. We generated a mouse model expressing either human wild-type (WT) GPIbα (hGPIbαWT) or a flnA-binding mutant (hGPIbαFW) and lacking endogenous mouse GPIbα. Mice expressing the mutant GPIbα transgene exhibited macrothrombocytopenia with preserved GPIb surface expression. Platelet clearance was normal and differentiation of MKs to proplatelets was unimpaired in hGPIbαFW mice. The most striking abnormalities in hGPIbαFW MKs were the defective formation of the demarcation membrane system (DMS) and the redistribution of flnA from the cytoplasm to the peripheral margin of MKs. These abnormalities led to disorganized internal MK membranes and the generation of enlarged megakaryocyte membrane buds. The defective flnA-GPIbα interaction also resulted in misdirected release of buds away from the vasculature into bone marrow interstitium. Restoring the linkage between flnA and GPIbα corrected the flnA redistribution within MKs and DMS ultrastructural defects as well as restored normal bud size and release into sinusoids. These studies define a new mechanism of macrothrombocytopenia resulting from dysregulated MK budding. The link between flnA and GPIbα is not essential for the MK budding process, however, it plays a major role in regulating the structure of the DMS, bud morphogenesis, and the localized release of buds into the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc L Ellis
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Antoine Terreaux
- Blood Cell Formation Lab, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Imala Alwis
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Rhyll Smythe
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jose Perdomo
- Haematology Research Unit, St George and Sutherland Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, French Blood Establishment (EFS) Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Susan L Cranmer
- Eastern Health Clinical School, Monash University, Box Hill, VIC, Australia
| | - Freda H Passam
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Maclean
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Simone M Schoenwaelder
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Zaverio M Ruggeri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
| | - Francois Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, French Blood Establishment (EFS) Grand Est, BPPS UMR-S 1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France
| | - Samir Taoudi
- Blood Cell Formation Lab, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Yuping Yuan
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Shaun P Jackson
- Thrombosis Research Group, The Heart Institute, Newtown, NSW, Australia
- Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, MERU-Roon Research Center on Vascular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA
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Jiang S, Yang H, Sun Z, Zhang Y, Li Y, Li J. The basis of complications in the context of SARS-CoV-2 infection: Pathological activation of ADAM17. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 679:37-46. [PMID: 37666046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
The virulence of SARS-CoV-2 decreases with increasing infectivity, the primary approaches for antiviral treatments will be preventing or minimizing the complications resulting from virus infection. ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) activation by SARS-CoV-2 infection has a dual effect on the development of the disease: increased release of inflammatory cytokines and dysregulation of Angiotensin converting enzyme II (ACE2) on cell surfaces, inflammatory cytokine infiltration and loss of ACE2 protective function lead to a significant increase in the incidence of related complications. Importantly, pathologically activated ADAM17 showed superior features than S protein in regulating ACE2 expression and participating in the intra cellular replication of SARS-CoV-2. In short, SARS-CoV-2 elicits only a limited immune response when it promotes its own replication and pathogenicity through ADAM17. Therefore, the pathological activation of ADAM17 may also represent a diminished innate antiviral defense and an altered strategy of SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this review, we summarized recent advances in our understanding of the pathophysiology of ADAM17, with a focus on the new findings that SARS-CoV-2 affects ADAM17 expression through Furin protein converting enzyme and Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway, and raises the hypothesis that SARS-CoV-2 may mediates the pathological activation of ADAM17 by hijacking the actin regulatory pathway, and discussed the underlying biological principles.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hao Yang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | | | - Yi Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China
| | - Jida Li
- Zunyi Medical University Guizhou, China; Key Laboratory of Maternal & Child Health and Exposure Science of Guizhou Higher Education Institutes, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
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7
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Rosenbalm KE, Lee-Sundlov MM, Ashline DJ, Grozovsky R, Aoki K, Hanneman AJS, Hoffmeister KM. Characterization of the human platelet N- and O-glycome upon storage using tandem mass spectrometry. Blood Adv 2023; 7:4278-4290. [PMID: 36952551 PMCID: PMC10424148 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in surface glycan determinants, specifically sialic acid loss, determine platelet life span. The gradual loss of stored platelet quality is a complex process that fundamentally involves carbohydrate structures. Here, we applied lipophilic extraction and glycan release protocols to sequentially profile N- and O-linked glycans in freshly isolated and 7-day room temperature-stored platelet concentrates. Analytical methods including matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, tandem mass spectrometry, and liquid chromatography were used to obtain structural details of selected glycans and terminal epitopes. The fresh platelet repertoire of surface structures revealed diverse N-glycans, including high mannose structures, complex glycans with polylactosamine repeats, and glycans presenting blood group epitopes. The O-glycan repertoire largely comprised sialylated and fucosylated core-1 and core-2 structures. For both N- and O-linked glycans, we observed a loss in sialylated epitopes with a reciprocal increase in neutral structures as well as increased neuraminidase activity after platelet storage at room temperature. The data indicate that loss of sialylated glycans is associated with diminished platelet quality and untimely removal of platelets after storage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David J. Ashline
- The Glycomics Center, Division of Molecular, Cellular and Biomedical Sciences, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH
| | - Renata Grozovsky
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Kazuhiro Aoki
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI
- Medical College of Wisconsin Cancer Center, Milwaukee, WI
| | - Andrew J. S. Hanneman
- Translational Glycomics Center, Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI
- New England Biolabs, Beverly, MA
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Golla K, Paul M, Lengyell TC, Simpson EM, Falet H, Kim H. A novel association between platelet filamin A and soluble N-ethylmaleimide sensitive factor attachment proteins regulates granule secretion. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2023; 7:100019. [PMID: 37538498 PMCID: PMC10394388 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpth.2022.100019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective The molecular mechanisms that underpin platelet granule secretion remain poorly defined. Filamin A (FLNA) is an actin-crosslinking and signaling scaffold protein whose role in granule exocytosis has not been explored despite evidence that FLNA gene mutations confer platelet defects in humans. Methods and Results Using platelets from platelet-specific conditional Flna-knockout mice, we showed that the loss of FLNA confers a severe defect in alpha (α)- and dense (δ)-granule exocytosis, as measured based on the release of platelet factor 4 (aka CXCL4) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP), respectively. This defect was observed following activation of both immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) signaling by collagen-related peptide (CRP) and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by thrombin and the thromboxane mimetic U46619. CRP-induced spikes in intracellular calcium [Ca2+]i were impaired in FLNA-null platelets relative to controls, confirming that FLNA regulates ITAM-driven proximal signaling. In contrast, GPCR-mediated spikes in [Ca2+]i in response to thrombin and U46619 were unaffected by FLNA. Normal platelet secretion requires complexing of the soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor (SNARE) proteins synaptosomal-associated protein 23 (SNAP23) and syntaxin-11 (STX11). We determined that FLNA coimmunoprecipitates with both SNAP23 and STX11 upon platelet stimulation. Conclusion FLNA regulates GPCR-driven platelet granule secretion and associates with SNAP23 and STX11 in an activation-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalyan Golla
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Manoj Paul
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tess C. Lengyell
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Elizabeth M. Simpson
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Therapeutics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Hervé Falet
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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9
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Suzuki M, Takeshita K, Kitamura Y, Kuribayashi M, Huang Z, Ichihara G, Oikawa S, Ichihara S. In Vitro Exposure to Glucose Alters the Expression of Phosphorylated Proteins in Platelets. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020543. [PMID: 36831080 PMCID: PMC9953272 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a pro-thrombotic state that can potentially cause serious cardiovascular complications. Platelet hyperactivation plays an important role in these pathological processes, however there is little or no information on the effect of hyperglycemia on platelet proteins. The aim of this study was to identify the molecular targets associated with platelet reactivity under hyperglycemia. Towards this goal, we examined the effects of the exposure of platelets to 1 and 2 h glucose (300 mg/dL) and control (vehicle and osmolality control using mannitol) on platelet proteins (n = 4 samples per group) using two-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) combined with MALDI-TOF/TOF tandem mass spectrometry. Two-hour exposure to glucose significantly up-regulated the expression of ATP synthase subunit beta, filamin-A, and L-lactate dehydrogenase A chain in platelets. Pro-Q Diamond staining confirmed the effect of 2 h glucose on vinculin, heat shock protein HSP 90-alpha, filamin-A, and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase A (platelet phosphorylated proteins). The identified proteins are involved in various cellular processes and functions and possibly in platelet reactivity under hyperglycemic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mizuho Suzuki
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
| | - Kyosuke Takeshita
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama University, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
| | - Yuki Kitamura
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
| | - Marie Kuribayashi
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Zhenlie Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shinji Oikawa
- Department of Environmental and Molecular Medicine, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke 329-0498, Japan
- Department of Human Functional Genomics, Life Science Research Center, Mie University, Tsu 514-8507, Japan
- Correspondence:
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10
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Zaninetti C, Leinøe E, Lozano ML, Rossing M, Bastida JM, Zetterberg E, Rivera J, Greinacher A. Validation of immunofluorescence analysis of blood smears in patients with inherited platelet disorders. JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS : JTH 2023; 21:1010-1019. [PMID: 36732160 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2022.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inherited platelet disorders (IPDs) are rare diseases characterized by reduced blood platelet counts and/or impaired platelet function. Recognizing IPDs is advisable but often challenging. The diagnostic tools include clinical evaluation, platelet function tests, and molecular analyses. Demonstration of a pathogenic genetic variant confirms IPDs. We established a method to assess the platelet phenotype on blood smears using immunofluorescence microscopy as a diagnostic tool for IPDs. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to validate immunofluorescence microscopy as a screening tool for IPDs in comparison with genetic screening. METHODS We performed a blinded comparison between the diagnosis made using immunofluorescence microscopy on blood smears and genetic findings in a cohort of 43 families affected with 20 different genetically confirmed IPDs. In total, 76% of the cases had inherited thrombocytopenia. RESULTS Immunofluorescence correctly predicted the underlying IPD in the vast majority of patients with 1 of 9 IPDs for which the typical morphologic pattern is known. Thirty of the 43 enrolled families (70%) were affected by 1 of these 9 IPDs. For the other 11 forms of IPD, we describe alterations of platelet structure in 9 disorders and normal findings in 2 disorders. CONCLUSION Immunofluorescence microscopy on blood smears is an effective screening tool for 9 forms of IPD, which include the most frequent forms of inherited thrombocytopenia. Using this approach, typical changes in the phenotype may also be identified for other rare IPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Zaninetti
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. https://twitter.com/ZaninettiCarlo
| | - Eva Leinøe
- Department of Haematology, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - María Luisa Lozano
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Rossing
- Centre for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jose Maria Bastida
- Department of Hematology, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Salamanca, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Salamanca, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain; Grupo Español de Alteraciones Plaquetarias Congénitas, Spanish Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Zetterberg
- Clinical Coagulation Research Unit, Department of Translational Medicine, Lund University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jose Rivera
- Servicio de Hematología y Oncología Médica, Hospital Universitario Morales Meseguer, Centro Regional de Hemodonación, Universidad de Murcia, IMIB-Pascual Parrilla, CIBERER-U765, Murcia, Spain; Grupo Español de Alteraciones Plaquetarias Congénitas, Spanish Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Madrid, Spain
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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11
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De Silva E, Hong F, Falet H, Kim H. Filamin A in platelets: Bridging the (signaling) gap between the plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:1060361. [PMID: 36605989 PMCID: PMC9808056 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.1060361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anucleate cells that are essential for hemostasis and wound healing. Upon activation of the cell surface receptors by their corresponding extracellular ligands, platelets undergo rapid shape change driven by the actin cytoskeleton; this shape change reaction is modulated by a diverse array of actin-binding proteins. One actin-binding protein, filamin A (FLNA), cross-links and stabilizes subcortical actin filaments thus providing stability to the cell membrane. In addition, FLNA binds the intracellular portion of multiple cell surface receptors and acts as a critical intracellular signaling scaffold that integrates signals between the platelet's plasma membrane and the actin cytoskeleton. This mini-review summarizes how FLNA transduces critical cell signals to the platelet cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enoli De Silva
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Felix Hong
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Hervé Falet
- Versiti Blood Research Institute, Milwaukee, WI, United States
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Hugh Kim
- Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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12
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Tanner LM, Kunishima S, Lehtinen E, Helin T, Volmonen K, Lassila R, Pöyhönen M. Platelet function and filamin A expression in two families with novel FLNA gene mutations associated with periventricular nodular heterotopia and panlobular emphysema. Am J Med Genet A 2022; 188:1716-1722. [PMID: 35156755 PMCID: PMC9303863 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants of the X‐linked FLNA gene encoding filamin A protein have been associated with a wide spectrum of symptoms, including the recently described pulmonary phenotype with childhood‐onset panlobular emphysema. We describe three female patients from two families with novel heterozygous FLNA variants c.5837_2del and c.508C > T. Analysis of immunofluorescence of peripheral blood smears and platelet function was performed for all patients. FLNA‐negative platelets were observed, suggesting that these variants result in the loss of a functional protein product. All three patients also had periventricular nodular heterotopia and panlobular emphysema. However, they had considerably milder symptoms and later age of onset than in the previously reported cases. Therefore, patients with pathogenic FLNA variants should be studied actively for lung involvement even in the absence of pronounced respiratory symptoms. Conversely, any patient with unexplained panlobular emphysema should be analyzed for pathogenic FLNA variants. We also suggest that immunofluorescence analysis is a useful tool for investigating the pathogenicity of novel FLNA variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Tanner
- HUSLAB Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shinji Kunishima
- Department of Medical Technology, Gifu University of Medical Science, Gifu, Japan
| | - Elina Lehtinen
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Research Program Unit in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tuukka Helin
- HUSLAB Department of Chemistry and Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kirsi Volmonen
- HUS Medical Imaging Center, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Riitta Lassila
- Coagulation Disorders Unit, Helsinki University Hospital, Research Program Unit in Systems Oncology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,HUSLAB Department of Chemistry and Microbiology, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Pöyhönen
- HUSLAB Department of Clinical Genetics, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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13
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CRACking the Molecular Regulatory Mechanism of SOCE during Platelet Activation in Thrombo-Occlusive Diseases. Cells 2022; 11:cells11040619. [PMID: 35203269 PMCID: PMC8870035 DOI: 10.3390/cells11040619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Thrombo-occlusive diseases such as myocardial infarction, ischemic stroke and deep vein thrombosis with subsequent pulmonary embolism still represent a major health burden worldwide. Besides the cells of the vasculature or other hematopoietic cells, platelets are primarily responsible for the development and progression of an occluding thrombus. The activation and function of platelets crucially depend on free cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) as second messenger, which modulates platelet secretion, aggregation and thrombus formation. Ca2+ is elevated upon platelet activation by release of Ca2+ from intracellular stores thus triggering of the subsequent store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE), which is facilitated by Ca2+ release-activated channels (CRACs). In general, CRACs are assembled by the pore-forming unit Orai in the plasma membrane and the Ca2+-sensing stromal interaction molecule (STIM) in the endoplasmic reticulum after the depletion of internal Ca2+ stores. In the last few years, there is a growing body of the literature demonstrating the importance of STIM and Orai-mediated mechanism in thrombo-occlusive disorders. Thus, this review provides an overview of the recent understanding of STIM and Orai signaling in platelet function and its implication in the development and progression of ischemic thrombo-occlusive disorders. Moreover, potential pharmacological implications of STIM and Orai signaling in platelets are anticipated and discussed in the end.
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14
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Kimmerlin Q, Strassel C, Eckly A, Lanza F. The tubulin code in platelet biogenesis. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 137:63-73. [PMID: 35148939 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Blood platelets are small non-nucleated cellular fragments that prevent and stop hemorrhages. They are produced in the bone marrow by megakaryocytes through megakaryopoiesis. This intricate process involves profound microtubule rearrangements culminating in the formation of a unique circular sub-membranous microtubule array, the marginal band, which supports the typical disc-shaped morphology of platelets. Mechanistically, these processes are thought to be controlled by a specific tubulin code. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the key isotypes, notably β1-, α4A- and α8-tubulin, and putative post-translational modifications, involved in platelet and marginal band formation. Additionally, we provide a provisional list of microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) involved in these processes and a survey of tubulin variants identified in patients presenting defective platelet production. A comprehensive characterization of the platelet tubulin code and the identification of essential MAPs may be expected in the near future to shed new light on a very specialized microtubule assembly process with applications in platelet diseases and transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Kimmerlin
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Catherine Strassel
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - Anita Eckly
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France.
| | - François Lanza
- Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, EFS Grand-Est, BPPS UMR-S1255, FMTS, Strasbourg, France.
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15
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Ouban A. Filamin-A expression in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance. Histol Histopathol 2022; 37:125-136. [PMID: 34677823 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Laryngeal squamous cell carcinomas (LSCCs) are tumours with a high incidence of treatment failure and recurrence. Recent strategies to improve the five-year survival rate and to decrease the rates of recurrence and metastases did not improve outcomes significantly. Research efforts in recent years have started focusing on discovering biomarkers of prognosis and management in LSCCs. Filamin-A reportedly has been associated with metastatic disease in a recent study. Analysis of this protein's expression in LSCCs is lacking in the literature. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study analysed the expression of filamin-A, using immunohistochemistry, in a tissue microarray of 80 cases of laryngeal squamous cell cancers. Clinical-pathological parameters were analysed according to filamin-A expression in the tissue microarray. Furthermore, a review of possible mechanisms of this protein in cancer, in general, was presented, along with a review of the protein's expression in other head and neck tumours. RESULTS A significant majority of laryngeal squamous cell cancers exhibited positive expression of filamin-A protein. All the filamin-A positive tumours expressed it in their cytoplasm. Significant correlation between filamin-A expression and grade, stage, lymph node status and metastases were found. CONCLUSION The above may suggest an important role for filamin-A in LSCCs. Overall, filamin-A expression in laryngeal cancer is in line with evidence seen in other head and neck cancers. Further studies are in order to pinpoint the exact role of this protein in LSCCs, and its possible utilization in the management of these difficult-to-treat tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abderrahman Ouban
- Department of Pathology, Alfaisal University College of Medicine, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
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16
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Bertović I, Kurelić R, Mahmutefendić Lučin H, Jurak Begonja A. Early Endosomal GTPase Rab5 (Ras-Related Protein in Brain 5) Regulates GPIbβ (Glycoprotein Ib Subunit β) Trafficking and Platelet Production In Vitro. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2022; 42:e10-e26. [PMID: 34732055 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.121.316552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Maturation of megakaryocytes culminates with extensive membrane rearrangements necessary for proplatelet formation. Mechanisms required for proplatelet extension and origin of membranes are still poorly understood. GTPase Rab5 (Ras-related protein in brain 5) regulates endocytic uptake and homotypic fusion of early endosomes and regulates phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate production important for binding of effector proteins during early-to-late endosomal/lysosomal maturation. Approach and Results: To investigate the role of Rab5 in megakaryocytes, we expressed GFP (green fluorescent protein)-coupled Rab5 wild type and its point mutants Q79L (active) and N133L (inactive) in primary murine fetal liver-derived megakaryocytes. Active Rab5 Q79L induced the formation of enlarged early endosomes, while inactive Rab5 N133L caused endosomal fragmentation. Consistently, an increased amount of transferrin internalization in Rab5 Q79L was impaired in Rab5 N133L expressing megakaryocytes, when compared with GFP or Rab5 wild type. Moreover, trafficking of GPIbβ (glycoprotein Ib subunit beta), a subunit of major megakaryocytes receptor and membrane marker, was found to be mediated by Rab5 activity. While GPIbβ was mostly present along the plasma membrane, and within cytoplasmic vesicles in Rab5 wild type megakaryocytes, it accumulated in the majority of Rab5 Q79L enlarged endosomes. Conversely, Rab5 N133L caused mostly GPIbβ plasma membrane retention. Furthermore, Rab5 Q79L expression increased incorporation of the membrane dye (PKH26), indicating higher membrane content. Finally, while Rab5 Q79L increased proplatelet production, inactive Rab5 N133L strongly inhibited it and was coupled with a decrease in late endosomes/lysosomes. Localization of GPIbβ in enlarged endosomes was phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate dependent. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results demonstrate that Rab5-dependent endocytosis plays an important role in megakaryocytes receptor trafficking, membrane formation, and thrombopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bertović
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Roberta Kurelić
- Department of Biotechnology (I.B., R.K., A.J.B), University of Rijeka, Croatia
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17
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Bertović I, Bura A, Jurak Begonja A. Developmental differences of in vitro cultured murine bone marrow- and fetal liver-derived megakaryocytes. Platelets 2021; 33:887-899. [PMID: 34915807 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2021.2007869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence support differences in the megakaryopoiesis during development. Murine in vitro models to study megakaryopoiesis employ cultured megakaryocytes MKs derived from adult bone marrow (BM) or fetal livers (FL) of mouse embryos. Mouse models allow to study the molecular basis for cellular changes utilizing conditional or knock-out models and permit further in vitro genetic or pharmacological manipulations. Despite being extensively used, MKs cultured from these two sources have not been systematically compared. In the present study, we compared BM- and FL-derived MKs, assessing their size, proplatelet production capacity, expression of common MK markers (αIIb, β3, GPIb α, β) and cytoskeletal proteins (filamin A, β1-tubulin, actin), the subcellular appearance of α-granules (VWF), membranes (GPIbβ) and cytoskeleton (F-actin) throughout in vitro development. We demonstrate that FL MKs although smaller in size, spontaneously produce more proplatelets than BM MKs and at earlier stages express more β1-tubulin. In addition, early FL MKs show increased internal GPIbβ staining and present higher GPIbβ (early and late) and VWF (late stages) total fluorescence intensity (TFI)/cell size than BM MKs. BM MKs have up-regulated TPO signaling corresponding to their bigger size and ploidy, without changes in c-Mpl. Expressing endogenous β1-tubulin or the presence of heparin improves BM MKs ability to produce proplatelets. These data suggest that FL MKs undergo cytoplasmic maturation earlier than BM MKs and that this, in addition to higher β1-tubulin levels and GPIb, supported with an extensive F-actin network, could contribute to more efficient proplatelet formation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bertović
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ana Bura
- Department of Biotechnology, The University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
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18
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Essential role of zyxin in platelet biogenesis and glycoprotein Ib-IX surface expression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:955. [PMID: 34657146 PMCID: PMC8520529 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04246-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Platelets are generated from the cytoplasm of megakaryocytes (MKs) via actin cytoskeleton reorganization. Zyxin is a focal adhesion protein and wildly expressed in eukaryotes to regulate actin remodeling. Zyxin is upregulated during megakaryocytic differentiation; however, the role of zyxin in thrombopoiesis is unknown. Here we show that zyxin ablation results in profound macrothrombocytopenia. Platelet lifespan and thrombopoietin level were comparable between wild-type and zyxin-deficient mice, but MK maturation, demarcation membrane system formation, and proplatelet generation were obviously impaired in the absence of zyxin. Differential proteomic analysis of proteins associated with macrothrombocytopenia revealed that glycoprotein (GP) Ib-IX was significantly reduced in zyxin-deficient platelets. Moreover, GPIb-IX surface level was decreased in zyxin-deficient MKs. Knockdown of zyxin in a human megakaryocytic cell line resulted in GPIbα degradation by lysosomes leading to the reduction of GPIb-IX surface level. We further found that zyxin was colocalized with vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), and loss of zyxin caused diffuse distribution of VASP and actin cytoskeleton disorganization in both platelets and MKs. Reconstitution of zyxin with VASP binding site in zyxin-deficient hematopoietic progenitor cell-derived MKs restored GPIb-IX surface expression and proplatelet generation. Taken together, our findings identify zyxin as a regulator of platelet biogenesis and GPIb-IX surface expression through VASP-mediated cytoskeleton reorganization, suggesting possible pathogenesis of macrothrombocytopenia.
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19
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Mbiandjeu S, Balduini A, Malara A. Megakaryocyte Cytoskeletal Proteins in Platelet Biogenesis and Diseases. Thromb Haemost 2021; 122:666-678. [PMID: 34218430 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Thrombopoiesis governs the formation of blood platelets in bone marrow by converting megakaryocytes into long, branched proplatelets on which individual platelets are assembled. The megakaryocyte cytoskeleton responds to multiple microenvironmental cues, including chemical and mechanical stimuli, sustaining the platelet shedding. During the megakaryocyte's life cycle, cytoskeletal networks organize cell shape and content, connect them physically and biochemically to the bone marrow vascular niche, and enable the release of platelets into the bloodstream. While the basic building blocks of the cytoskeleton have been studied extensively, new sets of cytoskeleton regulators have emerged as critical components of the dynamic protein network that supports platelet production. Understanding how the interaction of individual molecules of the cytoskeleton governs megakaryocyte behavior is essential to improve knowledge of platelet biogenesis and develop new therapeutic strategies for inherited thrombocytopenias caused by alterations in the cytoskeletal genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Mbiandjeu
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
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20
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Zhou J, Kang X, An H, Lv Y, Liu X. The function and pathogenic mechanism of filamin A. Gene 2021; 784:145575. [PMID: 33737122 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Filamin A(FLNa) is an actin-binding protein, which participates in the formation of the cytoskeleton, anchors a variety of proteins in the cytoskeleton and regulates cell adhesion and migration. It is involved in signal transduction, cell proliferation and differentiation, pseudopodia formation, vesicle transport, tumor resistance and genetic diseases by binding with interacting proteins. In order to fully elucidate the structure, function and pathogenesis of FLNa, we summarized all substances which directly or indirectly act on FLNa so far, upstream and downstream targets which having effect on it, signaling pathways and their functions. It also recorded the expression and effect of FLNa in different diseases, including hereditary disease and tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhou
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xinmei Kang
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Hanxiang An
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Yun Lv
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China.
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Oncology, Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361000, Fujian, China.
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21
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Bertović I, Kurelić R, Milošević I, Bender M, Krauss M, Haucke V, Jurak Begonja A. Vps34 derived phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate modulates megakaryocyte maturation and proplatelet production through late endosomes/lysosomes. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:1756-1772. [PMID: 32056354 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Revised: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Development of platelet precursor cells, megakaryocytes (MKs), implies an increase in their size; formation of the elaborate demarcation membrane system (DMS); and extension of branched cytoplasmic structures, proplatelets, that will release platelets. The membrane source(s) for MK expansion and proplatelet formation have remained elusive. OBJECTIVE We hypothesized that traffic of membranes regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-monophosphate (PI3P) contributes to MK maturation and proplatelet formation. RESULTS In immature MKs, PI3P produced by the lipid kinase Vps34 is confined to perinuclear early endosomes (EE), while in mature MKs PI3P shifts to late endosomes and lysosomes (LE/Lys). PI3P partially colocalized with the plasma membrane marker phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2 ) and with LE/Lys in mature MKs, suggests that PI3P-containing LE/Lys membranes contribute to MK expansion and proplatelet formation. Consistently, we found that sequestration of PI3P, specific pharmacological inhibition of Vps34-mediated PI3P production, or depletion of PI3P by PI3-phosphatase (MTM1)-mediated hydrolysis potently blocked proplatelet formation. Moreover, Vps34 inhibition led to the intracellular accumulation of enlarged LE/Lys, and decreased expression of surface LE/Lys markers. Inhibiting Vps34 at earlier MK stages caused aberrant DMS development. Finally, inhibition of LE/Lys membrane fusion by a dominant negative mutant of the small GTPase Rab7 or pharmacological inhibition of PI3P conversion into PI(3,5)P2 led to enlarged LE/Lys, reduced surface levels of LE/Lys markers, and decreased proplatelet formation. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that PI3P-positive LE/Lys contribute to the membrane growth and proplatelet formation in MKs by their translocation to the cell periphery and fusion with the plasma membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivana Bertović
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Roberta Kurelić
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Rijeka, Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Ira Milošević
- European Neuroscience Institute (ENI), University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Bender
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital, and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Krauss
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Haucke
- Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie (FMP), Berlin, Germany
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22
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Nurden AT, Nurden P. Inherited thrombocytopenias: history, advances and perspectives. Haematologica 2020; 105:2004-2019. [PMID: 32527953 PMCID: PMC7395261 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.233197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 100 years the role of platelets in hemostatic events and their production by megakaryocytes have gradually been defined. Progressively, thrombocytopenia was recognized as a cause of bleeding, first through an acquired immune disorder; then, since 1948, when Bernard-Soulier syndrome was first described, inherited thrombocytopenia became a fascinating example of Mendelian disease. The platelet count is often severely decreased and platelet size variable; associated platelet function defects frequently aggravate bleeding. Macrothrombocytopenia with variable proportions of enlarged platelets is common. The number of circulating platelets will depend on platelet production, consumption and lifespan. The bulk of macrothrombocytopenias arise from defects in megakaryopoiesis with causal variants in transcription factor genes giving rise to altered stem cell differentiation and changes in early megakaryocyte development and maturation. Genes encoding surface receptors, cytoskeletal and signaling proteins also feature prominently and Sanger sequencing associated with careful phenotyping has allowed their early classification. It quickly became apparent that many inherited thrombocytopenias are syndromic while others are linked to an increased risk of hematologic malignancies. In the last decade, the application of next-generation sequencing, including whole exome sequencing, and the use of gene platforms for rapid testing have greatly accelerated the discovery of causal genes and extended the list of variants in more common disorders. Genes linked to an increased platelet turnover and apoptosis have also been identified. The current challenges are now to use next-generation sequencing in first-step screening and to define bleeding risk and treatment better.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Pessac, France
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23
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Wade EM, Halliday BJ, Jenkins ZA, O'Neill AC, Robertson SP. The X‐linked filaminopathies: Synergistic insights from clinical and molecular analysis. Hum Mutat 2020; 41:865-883. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.24002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma M. Wade
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Benjamin J. Halliday
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Zandra A. Jenkins
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Adam C. O'Neill
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
| | - Stephen P. Robertson
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of MedicineUniversity of Otago Dunedin New Zealand
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24
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Filamin A: key actor in platelet biology. Blood 2020; 134:1279-1288. [PMID: 31471375 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2019000014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamins (FLNs) are large dimeric actin-binding proteins that regulate actin cytoskeleton remodeling. In addition, FLNs serve as scaffolds for signaling proteins, such as tyrosine kinases, GTPases, or phosphatases, as well as for adhesive receptors, such as integrins. Thus, they connect adhesive receptors to signaling pathways and to cytoskeleton. There are 3 isoforms of FLN (filamin a [FLNa], FLNb, FLNc) that originate from 3 homologous genes. FLNa has been the recent focus of attention because its mutations are responsible for a wide spectrum of defects called filaminopathies A, affecting brain (peri-ventricular nodular heterotopia), heart (valve defect), skeleton, gastrointestinal tract, and, more recently, the megakaryocytic lineage. This review will focus on the physiological and pathological roles of FLNa in platelets. Indeed, FLNa mutations alter platelet production from their bone marrow precursors, the megakaryocytes, yielding giant platelets in reduced numbers (macrothrombocytopenia). In platelets per se, FLNa mutations may lead to impaired αIIbβ3 integrin activation or in contrast, increased αIIbβ3 activation, potentially enhancing the risk of thrombosis. Experimental work delineating the interaction of FLNa with its platelet partners, including αIIbβ3, the von Willebrand factor receptor GPIb-IX-V, the tyrosine kinase Syk, and the signaling pathway of the collagen receptor GPVI, will also be reviewed.
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25
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Ghalloussi D, Dhenge A, Bergmeier W. New insights into cytoskeletal remodeling during platelet production. J Thromb Haemost 2019; 17:1430-1439. [PMID: 31220402 PMCID: PMC6760864 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The past decade has brought unprecedented advances in our understanding of megakaryocyte (MK) biology and platelet production, processes that are strongly dependent on the cytoskeleton. Facilitated by technological innovations, such as new high-resolution imaging techniques (in vitro and in vivo) and lineage-specific gene knockout and reporter mouse strains, we are now able to visualize and characterize the molecular machinery required for MK development and proplatelet formation in live mice. Whole genome and RNA sequencing analysis of patients with rare platelet disorders, combined with targeted genetic interventions in mice, has led to the identification and characterization of numerous new genes important for MK development. Many of the genes important for proplatelet formation code for proteins that control cytoskeletal dynamics in cells, such as Rho GTPases and their downstream targets. In this review, we discuss how the final stages of MK development are controlled by the cellular cytoskeletons, and we compare changes in MK biology observed in patients and mice with mutations in cytoskeleton regulatory genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorsaf Ghalloussi
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Ankita Dhenge
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
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26
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Wang K, Zhu TN, Zhao RJ. Filamin A regulates EGFR/ERK/Akt signaling and affects colorectal cancer cell growth and migration. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3671-3678. [PMID: 31485594 PMCID: PMC6755168 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The metastasis and recurrence rate, and the overall prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain unsatisfactory. Filamin A (FLNa), as an actin-binding protein, can interact with various signaling molecules and membrane receptors to affect cell signal transduction and function. However, whether FLNa is involved in the progression of CRC remains to be elucidated. The aim of the present study was to explore the role of FLNa in CRC cell proliferation and migration, as well as in the regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling. Following transfection with a FLNa-targeting short hairpin RNA plasmid to knockdown expression of FLNa in the EGF-treated SW480 cell line, it was found that decreased expression of FLNa promoted cell proliferation and migration. Additionally, there was a negative correlation between FLNa levels and the activation of EGFR and Akt signaling pathways. Similarly, the expression of FLNa was significantly lower in human CRC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and FLNa expression was negatively correlated with the expression of Ki-67 in human CRC tissues. Although there was no significant difference in the Kaplan-Meier estimate of CRC between high expression and low expression of FLNa, there were significant negative associations between FLNa expression and TNM stage. The results suggested that FLNa may participate in EGF-induced cell proliferation and migration in CRC cells. Hence, interventions in the FLNa-mediated signaling pathway could provide attractive therapeutic targets for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Transfusion, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050011, P.R. China
| | - Tie-Nian Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Jing Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Immune Mechanism and Intervention on Serious Disease in Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050017, P.R. China
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27
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Proulle V, Strassel C, Perrault C, Baas MJ, Moog S, Mangin P, Nurden P, Nurden A, Adam F, Bryckaert M, Kauskot A, Li R, Lanza F. A novel missense mutation in a leucine-rich repeat of GPIbα in a Bernard-Soulier variant reduces shear-dependent adherence on von Willebrand factor. Br J Haematol 2019; 186:e184-e187. [PMID: 31257572 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.16068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Valerie Proulle
- Service Hématologie Biologique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris-Sud, Hôpital Bicêtre, AP-HP, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.,INSERM UMR_S1176, Université Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Catherine Strassel
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Christelle Perrault
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Baas
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sylvie Moog
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Mangin
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Alan Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo Universitaire LIRYC, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Frederic Adam
- INSERM UMR_S1176, Université Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Marijke Bryckaert
- INSERM UMR_S1176, Université Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Alexandre Kauskot
- INSERM UMR_S1176, Université Paris-Sud Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Renhao Li
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Francois Lanza
- EFS Grand Est, BPPS UMR_S 1225, FMTS, Université de Strasbourg, INSERM, Strasbourg, France
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28
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29
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Disrupted filamin A/α IIbβ 3 interaction induces macrothrombocytopenia by increasing RhoA activity. Blood 2019; 133:1778-1788. [PMID: 30602618 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-07-861427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Filamin A (FLNa) links the cell membrane with the cytoskeleton and is central in several cellular processes. Heterozygous mutations in the X-linked FLNA gene are associated with a large spectrum of conditions, including macrothrombocytopenia, called filaminopathies. Using an isogenic pluripotent stem cell model derived from patients, we show that the absence of the FLNa protein in megakaryocytes (MKs) leads to their incomplete maturation, particularly the inability to produce proplatelets. Reduction in proplatelet formation potential is associated with a defect in actomyosin contractility, which results from inappropriate RhoA activation. This dysregulated RhoA activation was observed when MKs were plated on fibrinogen but not on other matrices (fibronectin, vitronectin, collagen 1, and von Willebrand factor), strongly suggesting a role for FLNa/αIIbβ3 interaction in the downregulation of RhoA activity. This was confirmed by experiments based on the overexpression of FLNa mutants deleted in the αIIbβ3-binding domain and the RhoA-interacting domain, respectively. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of the RhoA-associated kinase ROCK1/2 restored a normal phenotype and proplatelet formation. Overall, this work suggests a new etiology for macrothrombocytopenia, in which increased RhoA activity is associated with disrupted FLNa/αIIbβ3 interaction.
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30
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31
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Variants in exons 5 and 6 of ACTB cause syndromic thrombocytopenia. Nat Commun 2018; 9:4250. [PMID: 30315159 PMCID: PMC6185941 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-06713-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Germline mutations in the ubiquitously expressed ACTB, which encodes β-cytoplasmic actin (CYA), are almost exclusively associated with Baraitser-Winter Cerebrofrontofacial syndrome (BWCFF). Here, we report six patients with previously undescribed heterozygous variants clustered in the 3′-coding region of ACTB. Patients present with clinical features distinct from BWCFF, including mild developmental disability, microcephaly, and thrombocytopenia with platelet anisotropy. Using patient-derived fibroblasts, we demonstrate cohort specific changes to β-CYA filament populations, which include the enhanced recruitment of thrombocytopenia-associated actin binding proteins (ABPs). These perturbed interactions are supported by in silico modeling and are validated in disease-relevant thrombocytes. Co-examination of actin and microtubule cytoskeleton constituents in patient-derived megakaryocytes and thrombocytes indicates that these β-CYA mutations inhibit the final stages of platelet maturation by compromising microtubule organization. Our results define an ACTB-associated clinical syndrome with a distinct genotype-phenotype correlation and delineate molecular mechanisms underlying thrombocytopenia in this patient cohort. Genetic variants in ACTB and ACTG1 have been associated with Baraitser-Winter Cerebrofrontofacial syndrome. Here, the authors report of a syndromic thrombocytopenia caused by variants in ACTB exons 5 or 6 that compromise the organization and coupling of the cytoskeleton, leading to impaired platelet maturation.
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32
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Nagy Z, Smolenski A. Cyclic nucleotide-dependent inhibitory signaling interweaves with activating pathways to determine platelet responses. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:558-571. [PMID: 30046761 PMCID: PMC6046581 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets are regulated by extracellular cues that impact on intracellular signaling. The endothelium releases prostacyclin and nitric oxide which stimulate the synthesis of cyclic nucleotides cAMP and cGMP leading to platelet inhibition. Other inhibitory mechanisms involve immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibition motif-containing receptors, intracellular receptors and receptor desensitization. Inhibitory cyclic nucleotide pathways are traditionally thought to represent a passive background system keeping platelets in a quiescent state. In contrast, cyclic nucleotides are increasingly seen to be dynamically involved in most aspects of platelet regulation. This review focuses on crosstalk between activating and cyclic nucleotide-mediated inhibitory pathways highlighting emerging new hub structures and signaling mechanisms. In particular, interactions of plasma membrane receptors like P2Y12 and GPIb/IX/V with the cyclic nucleotide system are described. Furthermore, differential regulation of the RGS18 complex, second messengers, protein kinases, and phosphatases are presented, and control over small G-proteins by guanine-nucleotide exchange factors and GTPase-activating proteins are outlined. Possible clinical implications of signaling crosstalk are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoltan Nagy
- Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesCollege of Medical and Dental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK
| | - Albert Smolenski
- UCD School of MedicineUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
- UCD Conway InstituteUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
- Irish Centre for Vascular BiologyRoyal College of Surgeons in IrelandDublinIreland
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33
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Megakaryocyte ontogeny: Clinical and molecular significance. Exp Hematol 2018; 61:1-9. [PMID: 29501467 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Fetal megakaryocytes (Mks) differ from adult Mks in key parameters that affect their capacity for platelet production. However, despite being smaller, more proliferative, and less polyploid, fetal Mks generally mature in the same manner as adult Mks. The phenotypic features unique to fetal Mks predispose patients to several disease conditions, including infantile thrombocytopenia, infantile megakaryoblastic leukemias, and poor platelet recovery after umbilical cord blood stem cell transplantations. Ontogenic Mk differences also affect new strategies being developed to address global shortages of platelet transfusion units. These donor-independent, ex vivo production platforms are hampered by the limited proliferative capacity of adult-type Mks and the inferior platelet production by fetal-type Mks. Understanding the molecular programs that distinguish fetal versus adult megakaryopoiesis will help in improving approaches to these clinical problems. This review summarizes the phenotypic differences between fetal and adult Mks, the disease states associated with fetal megakaryopoiesis, and recent advances in the understanding of mechanisms that determine ontogenic Mk transitions.
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34
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Wu X, Chen H, Wu C, Wang J, Zhang S, Gao J, Wang H, Sun T, Yang YG. Inhibition of intrinsic coagulation improves safety and tumor-targeted drug delivery of cationic solid lipid nanoparticles. Biomaterials 2018; 156:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2017] [Revised: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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35
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Italiano JE, Hartwig JH. Megakaryocyte and Platelet Structure. Hematology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-35762-3.00124-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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36
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CK2β regulates thrombopoiesis and Ca2+-triggered platelet activation in arterial thrombosis. Blood 2017; 130:2774-2785. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-05-784413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Points
CK2β is critically required for thrombopoiesis by regulating tubulin polymerization, MK fragmentation, and proplatelet formation. CK2β facilitates inositol triphosphate–mediated increase of cytosolic Ca2+ and is essential for platelet activation in arterial thrombosis in vivo.
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37
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Twins actin’ differently. Blood 2017; 130:1688-1689. [DOI: 10.1182/blood-2017-08-799767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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38
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Léon C, Dupuis A, Gachet C, Lanza F. The contribution of mouse models to the understanding of constitutional thrombocytopenia. Haematologica 2017; 101:896-908. [PMID: 27478199 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2015.139394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutional thrombocytopenias result from platelet production abnormalities of hereditary origin. Long misdiagnosed and poorly studied, knowledge about these rare diseases has increased considerably over the last twenty years due to improved technology for the identification of mutations, as well as an improvement in obtaining megakaryocyte culture from patient hematopoietic stem cells. Simultaneously, the manipulation of mouse genes (transgenesis, total or conditional inactivation, introduction of point mutations, random chemical mutagenesis) have helped to generate disease models that have contributed greatly to deciphering patient clinical and laboratory features. Most of the thrombocytopenias for which the mutated genes have been identified now have a murine model counterpart. This review focuses on the contribution that these mouse models have brought to the understanding of hereditary thrombocytopenias with respect to what was known in humans. Animal models have either i) provided novel information on the molecular and cellular pathways that were missing from the patient studies; ii) improved our understanding of the mechanisms of thrombocytopoiesis; iii) been instrumental in structure-function studies of the mutated gene products; and iv) been an invaluable tool as preclinical models to test new drugs or develop gene therapies. At present, the genetic determinants of thrombocytopenia remain unknown in almost half of all cases. Currently available high-speed sequencing techniques will identify new candidate genes, which will in turn allow the generation of murine models to confirm and further study the abnormal phenotype. In a complementary manner, programs of random mutagenesis in mice should also identify new candidate genes involved in thrombocytopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Léon
- UMR_S949, INSERM, Strasbourg, France Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, France Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), France
| | - Arnaud Dupuis
- UMR_S949, INSERM, Strasbourg, France Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, France Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), France
| | - Christian Gachet
- UMR_S949, INSERM, Strasbourg, France Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, France Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), France
| | - François Lanza
- UMR_S949, INSERM, Strasbourg, France Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace (EFS-Alsace), Strasbourg, France Université de Strasbourg, France Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), France
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39
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Dütting S, Gaits-Iacovoni F, Stegner D, Popp M, Antkowiak A, van Eeuwijk JMM, Nurden P, Stritt S, Heib T, Aurbach K, Angay O, Cherpokova D, Heinz N, Baig AA, Gorelashvili MG, Gerner F, Heinze KG, Ware J, Krohne G, Ruggeri ZM, Nurden AT, Schulze H, Modlich U, Pleines I, Brakebusch C, Nieswandt B. A Cdc42/RhoA regulatory circuit downstream of glycoprotein Ib guides transendothelial platelet biogenesis. Nat Commun 2017. [PMID: 28643773 PMCID: PMC5481742 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Blood platelets are produced by large bone marrow (BM) precursor cells, megakaryocytes (MKs), which extend cytoplasmic protrusions (proplatelets) into BM sinusoids. The molecular cues that control MK polarization towards sinusoids and limit transendothelial crossing to proplatelets remain unknown. Here, we show that the small GTPases Cdc42 and RhoA act as a regulatory circuit downstream of the MK-specific mechanoreceptor GPIb to coordinate polarized transendothelial platelet biogenesis. Functional deficiency of either GPIb or Cdc42 impairs transendothelial proplatelet formation. In the absence of RhoA, increased Cdc42 activity and MK hyperpolarization triggers GPIb-dependent transmigration of entire MKs into BM sinusoids. These findings position Cdc42 (go-signal) and RhoA (stop-signal) at the centre of a molecular checkpoint downstream of GPIb that controls transendothelial platelet biogenesis. Our results may open new avenues for the treatment of platelet production disorders and help to explain the thrombocytopenia in patients with Bernard-Soulier syndrome, a bleeding disorder caused by defects in GPIb-IX-V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Dütting
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frederique Gaits-Iacovoni
- INSERM UMR1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires-I2MC, UMR1048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Popp
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Adrien Antkowiak
- INSERM UMR1048, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires-I2MC, UMR1048, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Université de Toulouse, 1 Avenue Jean Poulhès, BP 84225, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Judith M M van Eeuwijk
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Simon Stritt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Heib
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katja Aurbach
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Oguzhan Angay
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Deya Cherpokova
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Niels Heinz
- Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt/Main and the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Ayesha A Baig
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian G Gorelashvili
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Frank Gerner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jerry Ware
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Little Rock, Arkansass 72205, USA
| | - Georg Krohne
- Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Zaverio M Ruggeri
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
| | - Alan T Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique d'Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Avenue du Haut Lévêque, 33604 Pessac, France
| | - Harald Schulze
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ute Modlich
- Research Group for Gene Modification in Stem Cells, LOEWE Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Frankfurt/Main and the Paul-Ehrlich-Institute, Paul-Ehrlich-Straße 51-59, 63225 Langen, Germany
| | - Irina Pleines
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Cord Brakebusch
- BRIC, Biomedical Institute, University of Copenhagen, Nørregade 10, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
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40
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Shin EK, Park H, Noh JY, Lim KM, Chung JH. Platelet Shape Changes and Cytoskeleton Dynamics as Novel Therapeutic Targets for Anti-Thrombotic Drugs. Biomol Ther (Seoul) 2017; 25:223-230. [PMID: 27871158 PMCID: PMC5424631 DOI: 10.4062/biomolther.2016.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play an essential role in hemostasis through aggregation and adhesion to vascular injury sites but their unnecessary activation can often lead to thrombotic diseases. Upon exposure to physical or biochemical stimuli, remarkable platelet shape changes precede aggregation or adhesion. Platelets shape changes facilitate the formation and adhesion of platelet aggregates, but are readily reversible in contrast to the irrevocable characteristics of aggregation and adhesion. In this dynamic phenomenon, complex molecular signaling pathways and a host of diverse cytoskeleton proteins are involved. Platelet shape change is easily primed by diverse pro-thrombotic xenobiotics and stimuli, and its inhibition can modulate thrombosis, which can ultimately contribute to the development or prevention of thrombotic diseases. In this review, we discussed the current knowledge on the mechanisms of platelet shape change and also pathological implications and therapeutic opportunities for regulating the related cytoskeleton dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyung Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Park
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Yoon Noh
- Immunotherapy Convergence Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Min Lim
- College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Ho Chung
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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41
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Pleines I, Woods J, Chappaz S, Kew V, Foad N, Ballester-Beltrán J, Aurbach K, Lincetto C, Lane RM, Schevzov G, Alexander WS, Hilton DJ, Astle WJ, Downes K, Nurden P, Westbury SK, Mumford AD, Obaji SG, Collins PW, Delerue F, Ittner LM, Bryce NS, Holliday M, Lucas CA, Hardeman EC, Ouwehand WH, Gunning PW, Turro E, Tijssen MR, Kile BT. Mutations in tropomyosin 4 underlie a rare form of human macrothrombocytopenia. J Clin Invest 2017; 127:814-829. [PMID: 28134622 PMCID: PMC5330761 DOI: 10.1172/jci86154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are anuclear cells that are essential for blood clotting. They are produced by large polyploid precursor cells called megakaryocytes. Previous genome-wide association studies in nearly 70,000 individuals indicated that single nucleotide variants (SNVs) in the gene encoding the actin cytoskeletal regulator tropomyosin 4 (TPM4) exert an effect on the count and volume of platelets. Platelet number and volume are independent risk factors for heart attack and stroke. Here, we have identified 2 unrelated families in the BRIDGE Bleeding and Platelet Disorders (BPD) collection who carry a TPM4 variant that causes truncation of the TPM4 protein and segregates with macrothrombocytopenia, a disorder characterized by low platelet count. N-Ethyl-N-nitrosourea–induced (ENU-induced) missense mutations in Tpm4 or targeted inactivation of the Tpm4 locus led to gene dosage–dependent macrothrombocytopenia in mice. All other blood cell counts in Tpm4-deficient mice were normal. Insufficient TPM4 expression in human and mouse megakaryocytes resulted in a defect in the terminal stages of platelet production and had a mild effect on platelet function. Together, our findings demonstrate a nonredundant role for TPM4 in platelet biogenesis in humans and mice and reveal that truncating variants in TPM4 cause a previously undescribed dominant Mendelian platelet disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Pleines
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Joanne Woods
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Stephane Chappaz
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Verity Kew
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Nicola Foad
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - José Ballester-Beltrán
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Katja Aurbach
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center, University of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Chiara Lincetto
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Rachael M. Lane
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
| | - Galina Schevzov
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Warren S. Alexander
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Douglas J. Hilton
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - William J. Astle
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Kate Downes
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Paquita Nurden
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire LIRYC, Plateforme Technologique d’Innovation Biomédicale, Hôpital Xavier Arnozan, Pessac, France
| | - Sarah K. Westbury
- School of Clinical Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew D. Mumford
- School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Samya G. Obaji
- Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W. Collins
- Arthur Bloom Haemophilia Centre, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Heath Park, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - NIHR BioResource
- NIHR BioResource–Rare Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Fabien Delerue
- Transgenic Animal Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lars M. Ittner
- Transgenic Animal Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Nicole S. Bryce
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Mira Holliday
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Christine A. Lucas
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Edna C. Hardeman
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Willem H. Ouwehand
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NIHR BioResource–Rare Diseases, Cambridge University Hospitals, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Peter W. Gunning
- School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Ernest Turro
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Medical Research Council Biostatistics Unit, Cambridge Institute of Public Health, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Marloes R. Tijssen
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- NHS Blood and Transplant, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin T. Kile
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
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Identification of novel autoantigens via mass spectroscopy-based antibody-mediated identification of autoantigens (MS-AMIDA) using immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) as a model disease. J Proteomics 2017; 157:59-70. [PMID: 28137667 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2017.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is one of the best characterized autoimmune diseases. Autoantibodies (AABs) against platelet antigens are considered as the diagnostic hallmark of ITP, but are detectable in only 50% of patients. We designed and applied a novel proteomic approach termed Mass Spectroscopy-based Antibody-Mediated Identification of Autoantigens (MS-AMIDA) for platelet antigens. Patients were separated into patients with classical AABs [ITP(+)] and patients without AABs [ITP(-)]. Altogether, 181 potential AAGs were found in ITP(+) and 135 AAGs in ITP(-), with 34 and 23 AAGs reproducibly found in two runs of MS-AMIDA. After subtracting identifiers from the controls, 57 AAGs in ITP(+) and 29 AAGs in ITP(+) remained, with 16 AAGs commonly found in ITP(+) and ITP(-) patients. Label-free quantification (LFQ) revealed 15 potential AAGs that are quantitatively stronger in ITP. Dot blot validation was performed on hexokinase 1 (HK1), E1 pyruvate dehydrogenase (E1-PDH), coagulation factor XIII, filamin A (FLNA), non-muscle myosin 9. Eleven patients were found to have anti-HK1 AABs, one patient had anti-E1-PDH AABs, and two patients had anti-FLNA AABs. Most antigens were of intracellular origin with significant association with actin-cytoskeleton and regulation of programmed cell death. In conclusion, novel AAGs for ITP were identified using MS-AMIDA.
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43
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Zhang Z, Ran Y, Shaw TS, Peng Y. MicroRNAs 10a and 10b Regulate the Expression of Human Platelet Glycoprotein Ibα for Normal Megakaryopoiesis. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17111873. [PMID: 27834869 PMCID: PMC5133873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17111873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2016] [Revised: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs are a class of small non-coding RNAs that bind to the three prime untranslated region (3′-UTR) of target mRNAs. They cause a cleavage or an inhibition of the translation of target mRNAs, thus regulating gene expression. Here, we employed three prediction tools to search for potential miRNA target sites in the 3′-UTR of the human platelet glycoprotein (GP) 1BA gene. A luciferase reporter assay shows that miR-10a and -10b sites are functional. When miR-10a or -10b mimics were transfected into the GP Ibβ/GP IX-expressing cells, along with a DNA construct harboring both the coding and 3′-UTR sequences of the human GP1BA gene, we found that they inhibit the transient expression of GP Ibα on the cell surface. When the miR-10a or -10b mimics were introduced into murine progenitor cells, upon megakaryocyte differentiation, we found that GP Ibα mRNA expression was markedly reduced, suggesting that a miRNA-induced mRNA degradation is at work. Thus, our study identifies GP Ibα as a novel target of miR-10a and -10b, suggesting that a drastic reduction in the levels of miR-10a and -10b in the late stage of megakaryopoiesis is required to allow the expression of human GP Ibα and the formation of the GP Ib-IX-V complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuping Zhang
- School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yali Ran
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Tanner S Shaw
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Yuandong Peng
- Cardiovascular Research Section, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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44
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Hyaluronan Depolymerization by Megakaryocyte Hyaluronidase-2 Is Required for Thrombopoiesis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2016; 186:2390-403. [PMID: 27398974 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2016.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan is the predominant glycosaminoglycan component of the extracellular matrix with an emerging role in hematopoiesis. Modulation of hyaluronan polymer size is responsible for its control over cellular functions, and the balance of hyaluronan synthesis and degradation determines its molecular size. Although two active somatic hyaluronidases are expressed in mammals, only deficiency in hyaluronidase-2 (Hyal-2) results in thrombocytopenia of unknown mechanism. Our results reveal that Hyal-2 knockout mice accumulate hyaluronan within their bone marrow and within megakaryocytes, the cells responsible for platelet generation. Proplatelet formation by Hyal-2 knockout megakaryocytes was disrupted because of abnormal formation of the demarcation membrane system, which was dilated and poorly developed. Importantly, peptide-mediated delivery of exogenous hyaluronidase rescued deficient proplatelet formation in murine and human megakaryocytes lacking Hyal-2. Together, our data uncover a previously unsuspected mechanism of how hyaluronan and Hyal-2 control platelet generation.
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45
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Antkowiak A, Viaud J, Severin S, Zanoun M, Ceccato L, Chicanne G, Strassel C, Eckly A, Leon C, Gachet C, Payrastre B, Gaits-Iacovoni F. Cdc42-dependent F-actin dynamics drive structuration of the demarcation membrane system in megakaryocytes. J Thromb Haemost 2016; 14:1268-84. [PMID: 26991240 DOI: 10.1111/jth.13318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Essentials Information about the formation of the demarcation membrane system (DMS) is still lacking. We investigated the role of the cytoskeleton in DMS structuration in megakaryocytes. Cdc42/Pak-dependent F-actin remodeling regulates DMS organization for proper megakaryopoiesis. These data highlight the mandatory role of F-actin in platelet biogenesis. SUMMARY Background Blood platelet biogenesis results from the maturation of megakaryocytes (MKs), which involves the development of a complex demarcation membrane system (DMS). Therefore, MK differentiation is an attractive model for studying membrane remodeling. Objectives We sought to investigate the mechanism of DMS structuration in relationship to the cytoskeleton. Results Using three-dimensional (3D) confocal imaging, we have identified consecutive stages of DMS organization that rely on F-actin dynamics to polarize membranes and nuclei territories. Interestingly, microtubules are not involved in this process. We found that the mechanism underlying F-actin-dependent DMS formation required the activation of the guanosine triphosphate hydrolase Cdc42 and its p21-activated kinase effectors (Pak1/2/3). Förster resonance energy transfer demonstrated that active Cdc42 was associated with endomembrane dynamics throughout terminal maturation. Inhibition of Cdc42 or Pak1/2/3 severely destructured the DMS and blocked proplatelet formation. Even though this process does not require containment within the hematopoietic niche, because DMS structuration was observed upon thrombopoietin-treatment in suspension, integrin outside-in signaling was required for Pak activation and probably resulted from secretion of extracellular matrix by MKs. Conclusions These data indicate a functional link, mandatory for MK differentiation, between actin dynamics, regulated by Cdc42/Pak1/2/3, and DMS maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Antkowiak
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - J Viaud
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - S Severin
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - M Zanoun
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - L Ceccato
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - G Chicanne
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
| | - C Strassel
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - A Eckly
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - C Leon
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - C Gachet
- INSERM, UMR_S949, Université de Strasbourg, Etablissement Français du Sang-Alsace, Toulouse, France
| | - B Payrastre
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
- Laboratoire d'Hématologie, CHU de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - F Gaits-Iacovoni
- INSERM, UMR1048, Université Toulouse III, Institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires, Toulouse, France
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46
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Koizume S, Ito S, Yoshioka Y, Kanayama T, Nakamura Y, Yoshihara M, Yamada R, Ochiya T, Ruf W, Miyagi E, Hirahara F, Miyagi Y. High-level secretion of tissue factor-rich extracellular vesicles from ovarian cancer cells mediated by filamin-A and protease-activated receptors. Thromb Haemost 2015; 115:299-310. [PMID: 26446354 DOI: 10.1160/th15-03-0213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Thromboembolic events occur frequently in ovarian cancer patients. Tissue factor (TF) is often overexpressed in tumours, including ovarian clear-cell carcinoma (CCC), a subtype with a generally poor prognosis. TF-coagulation factor VII (fVII) complexes on the cell surface activate downstream coagulation mechanisms. Moreover, cancer cells secrete extracellular vesicles (EVs), which act as vehicles for TF. We therefore examined the characteristics of EVs produced by ovarian cancer cells of various histological subtypes. CCC cells secreted high levels of TF within EVs, while the high-TF expressing breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 shed fewer TF-positive EVs. We also found that CCC tumours with hypoxic tissue areas synthesised TF and fVII in vivo, rendering the blood of xenograft mice bearing these tumours hypercoagulable compared with mice bearing MDA-MB-231 tumours. Incorporation of TF into EVs and secretion of EVs from CCC cells exposed to hypoxia were both dependent on the actin-binding protein, filamin-A (filA). Furthermore, production of these EVs was dependent on different protease-activated receptors (PARs) on the cell surface. These results show that CCC cells could produce large numbers of TF-positive EVs dependent upon filA and PARs. This phenomenon may be the mechanism underlying the increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiro Koizume
- Shiro Koizume, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-8515, Japan, Tel.: +81 45 391 5761, E-mail:
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yohei Miyagi
- Yohei Miyagi, 2-3-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-8515, Japan, Tel.: +81 45 391 5761, E-mail:
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47
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Shao QQ, Zhang TP, Zhao WJ, Liu ZW, You L, Zhou L, Guo JC, Zhao YP. Filamin A: Insights into its Exact Role in Cancers. Pathol Oncol Res 2015; 22:245-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-9980-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Regulation of actin polymerization by tropomodulin-3 controls megakaryocyte actin organization and platelet biogenesis. Blood 2015; 126:520-30. [PMID: 25964668 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-09-601484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2014] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The actin cytoskeleton is important for platelet biogenesis. Tropomodulin-3 (Tmod3), the only Tmod isoform detected in platelets and megakaryocytes (MKs), caps actin filament (F-actin) pointed ends and binds tropomyosins (TMs), regulating actin polymerization and stability. To determine the function of Tmod3 in platelet biogenesis, we studied Tmod3(-/-) embryos, which are embryonic lethal by E18.5. Tmod3(-/-) embryos often show hemorrhaging at E14.5 with fewer and larger platelets, indicating impaired platelet biogenesis. MK numbers are moderately increased in Tmod3(-/-) fetal livers, with only a slight increase in the 8N population, suggesting that MK differentiation is not significantly affected. However, Tmod3(-/-) MKs fail to develop a normal demarcation membrane system (DMS), and cytoplasmic organelle distribution is abnormal. Moreover, cultured Tmod3(-/-) MKs exhibit impaired proplatelet formation with a wide range of proplatelet bud sizes, including abnormally large proplatelet buds containing incorrect numbers of von Willebrand factor-positive granules. Tmod3(-/-) MKs exhibit F-actin disturbances, and Tmod3(-/-) MKs spreading on collagen fail to polymerize F-actin into actomyosin contractile bundles. Tmod3 associates with TM4 and the F-actin cytoskeleton in wild-type MKs, and confocal microscopy reveals that Tmod3, TM4, and F-actin partially colocalize near the membrane of proplatelet buds. In contrast, the abnormally large proplatelets from Tmod3(-/-) MKs show increased F-actin and redistribution of F-actin and TM4 from the cortex to the cytoplasm, but normal microtubule coil organization. We conclude that F-actin capping by Tmod3 regulates F-actin organization in mouse fetal liver-derived MKs, thereby controlling MK cytoplasmic morphogenesis, including DMS formation and organelle distribution, as well as proplatelet formation and sizing.
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49
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Ghaffari S, Pourafkari L, Javadzadegan H, Masoumi N, Jafarabadi MA, Nader ND. Mean platelet volume is a predictor of ST resolution following thrombolysis in acute ST elevation myocardial infarction. Thromb Res 2015; 136:101-6. [PMID: 25987395 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2015] [Revised: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Larger mean platelets volumes (MPV) are thrombogenic and frequently seen after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). This study aimed to examine the association of MPV and resolution of ST-segment after thrombolysis in STEMI patients as and its impact on clinical outcome. METHODS Patients presenting to the emergency department with the diagnosis of first STEMI and were referred to thrombolysis were screened. Patients with ≥50% ST-segment resolution (STR) 90minutes after thrombolysis were assigned as "Responder" and those with <50% STR were assigned as "Non-Responders". Demographic, clinical comorbidities and risk factor were recorded along with and angiographic data. In-hospital occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including acute heart failure (AHF), reinfarction and death were investigated. Additionally, the patients were followed for 6 additional months after their discharge from the hospital. RESULTS STR≥50% was seen in 60.2% of patients after thrombolysis. Responders had significantly lower MPV (P=0.001) and the critical MPV values were 8.0 femtoliter (fL) and 8.2fL in predicting STR and MACE. Patients with MPV ≥8.2fL had lower probability of STR and higher rates of AHF (P<0.001), and MACE (P=0.001) compared to the patients with lower platelet volume. In multivariate regression, MPV was an independent predictor of STR (P<0.001) as well as MACE (HR=4.8, 95% CI of 1.8-12.4; P=0.001). Triple vessel disease was another independent factor that predicted MACE. CONCLUSION Higher MPV's at admission were associated with lower STR and higher occurrence of major adverse cardiac events in patients receiving thrombolytic therapy for first time STEMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leili Pourafkari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Javadzadegan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | | | - Nader D Nader
- University at Buffalo, 252 Farber Hall, Buffalo, NY 14214, USA.
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50
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Favier R, Raslova H. Progress in understanding the diagnosis and molecular genetics of macrothrombocytopenias. Br J Haematol 2015; 170:626-39. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Remi Favier
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; U1170; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer; Villejuif France
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris; Armand Trousseau Children Hospital; French Reference Center for Platelet Disorders; Haematological Laboratory; Paris France
| | - Hana Raslova
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale; U1170; Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer; Villejuif France
- Faculté de Médecine; University Paris Saclay and University Paris-Sud 11; Le Kremlin-Bicêtre France
- Gustave Roussy; Villejuif France
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