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Bujko K, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Jarczak J, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. Murine and Human-Purified very Small Embryonic-like Stem Cells (VSELs) Express Purinergic Receptors and Migrate to Extracellular ATP Gradient. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:1357-1366. [PMID: 38635127 PMCID: PMC11222280 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10716-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Purinergic signaling is an ancient primordial signaling system regulating tissue development and specification of various types of stem cells. Thus, functional purinergic receptors are present in several types of cells in the body, including multiple populations of stem cells. However, one stem cell type that has not been evaluated for expression of purinergic receptors is very small embryonic stem cells (VSELs) isolated from postnatal tissues. Herein, we report that human umbilical cord blood (UCB) and murine bone marrow (BM) purified VSELs express mRNA for P1 and P2 purinergic receptors and CD39 and CD73 ectonucleotidases converting extracellular ATP (eATP) into its signaling metabolite extracellular adenosine (eAdo), that antagonizes eATP effects. More importantly, we demonstrate that human and murine VSELs respond by chemotaxis to eATP, and eAdo inhibits this migration. These responses to eATP are mediated by activation of Nlrp3 inflammasome, and exposure of VSELs to its specific inhibitor MCC950 abolished the chemotactic response to ATP. We conclude that purinergic signaling plays an essential, underappreciated role in the biology of these cells and their potential role in response to tissue/organ injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Bujko
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Justyna Jarczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
- Stem Cell Institute at Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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Ratajczak MZ, Bujko K, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Ratajczak J, Kucia M. Hematopoiesis Revolves Around the Primordial Evolutional Rhythm of Purinergic Signaling and Innate Immunity - A Journey to the Developmental Roots. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024; 20:827-838. [PMID: 38363476 PMCID: PMC10984895 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10692-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
A cell's most significant existential task is to survive by ensuring proper metabolism, avoiding harmful stimuli, and adapting to changing environments. It explains why early evolutionary primordial signals and pathways remained active and regulate cell and tissue integrity. This requires energy supply and a balanced redox state. To meet these requirements, the universal intracellular energy transporter purine nucleotide-adenosine triphosphate (ATP) became an important signaling molecule and precursor of purinergic signaling after being released into extracellular space. Similarly, ancient proteins involved in intracellular metabolism gave rise to the third protein component (C3) of the complement cascade (ComC), a soluble arm of innate immunity. These pathways induce cytosol reactive oxygen (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) that regulate the redox state of the cells. While low levels of ROS and RNS promote cell growth and differentiation, supra-physiological concentrations can lead to cell damage by pyroptosis. This balance explains the impact of purinergic signaling and innate immunity on cell metabolism, organogenesis, and tissue development. Subsequently, along with evolution, new regulatory cues emerge in the form of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, and bioactive lipids. However, their expression is still modulated by both primordial signaling pathways. This review will focus on the data that purinergic signaling and innate immunity carry on their ancient developmental task in hematopoiesis and specification of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Moreover, recent evidence shows both these regulatory pathways operate in a paracrine manner and inside HSPCs at the autocrine level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Hematology, University of Zielona Gora, Multi-Specialist Hospital Gorzow Wlkp., Gorzow Wielkopolski, Poland.
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine at Medical, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine at Medical, University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Huo Y, Wu L, Pang A, Li Q, Hong F, Zhu C, Yang Z, Dai W, Zheng Y, Meng Q, Sun J, Ma S, Hu L, Zhu P, Dong F, Gao X, Jiang E, Hao S, Cheng T. Single-cell dissection of human hematopoietic reconstitution after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eabn6429. [PMID: 36930730 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.abn6429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is an effective regenerative therapy for many malignant, inherited, or autoimmune diseases. However, our understanding of reconstituted hematopoiesis in transplant patients remains limited. Here, we uncover the reconstitution dynamics of human allogeneic hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) at single-cell resolution after transplantation. Transplanted HSPCs underwent rapid and measurable changes during the first 30 days after transplantation, characterized by a strong proliferative response on the first day. Transcriptomic analysis of HSPCs enabled us to observe that immunoregulatory neutrophil progenitors expressing high levels of the S100A gene family were enriched in granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-mobilized peripheral blood stem cells. Transplant recipients who developed acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) infused fewer S100Ahigh immunoregulatory neutrophil progenitors, immunophenotyped as Lin-CD34+CD66b+CD177+, than those who did not develop aGVHD. Therefore, our study provides insights into the regenerative process of transplanted HSPCs in human patients and identifies a potential criterion for identifying patients at high risk for developing aGVHD early after transplant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Linjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Aiming Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Fang Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Caiying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Zining Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Weiqian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Yawei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Qianqian Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Jiali Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Shihui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Linping Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Fang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Xin Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Erlie Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
| | - Sha Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
| | - Tao Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China
- Tianjin Institutes of Health Science, Tianjin 301600, China
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Suszynska M, Adamiak M, Thapa A, Cymer M, Ratajczak J, Kucia M, Ratajczak MZ. Purinergic Signaling and Its Role in Mobilization of Bone Marrow Stem Cells. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2567:263-280. [PMID: 36255707 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2679-5_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mobilization or egress of stem cells from bone marrow (BM) into peripheral blood (PB) is an evolutionary preserved and important mechanism in an organism for self-defense and regeneration. BM-derived stem cells circulate always at steady-state conditions in PB, and their number increases during stress situations related to (a) infections, (b) tissue organ injury, (c) stress, and (d) strenuous exercise. Stem cells also show a circadian pattern of their PB circulating level with peak in early morning hours and nadir late at night. The number of circulating in PB stem cells could be pharmacologically increased after administration of some drugs such as cytokine granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) or small molecular antagonist of CXCR4 receptor AMD3100 (Plerixafor) that promote their egress from BM into PB and lymphatic vessels. Circulating can be isolated from PB for transplantation purposes by leukapheresis. This important homeostatic mechanism is governed by several intrinsic complementary pathways. In this chapter, we will discuss the role of purinergic signaling and extracellular nucleotides in regulating this process and review experimental strategies to study their involvement in mobilization of various types of stem cells that reside in murine BM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Suszynska
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznan, Poland
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Arjun Thapa
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Monika Cymer
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
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Brum da Silva Nunes V, Kehl Dias C, Nathali Scholl J, Nedel Sant'Ana A, de Fraga Dias A, Granero Farias M, Alegretti AP, Sosnoski M, Esteves Daudt L, Bohns Michalowski M, Oliveira Battastini AM, Paz AA, Figueiró F. Lymphocytes from B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia patients present differential regulation of the adenosinergic axis depending on risk stratification. Discov Oncol 2022; 13:143. [PMID: 36581667 PMCID: PMC9800668 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-022-00602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Although risk-stratified chemotherapy regimens improve B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) clinical outcome, relapse occurs in a significant number of cases. The identification of new therapeutic targets as well as prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers can improve B-ALL patients' clinical outcomes. Purinergic signaling is an important pathway in cancer progression, however the expression of ectonucleotidases and their impact on immune cells in B-ALL lacks exploration. We aimed to analyze the expression of ectonucleotidases in B-ALL patients' lymphocyte subpopulations. METHODS Peripheral blood samples from 15 patients diagnosed with B-ALL were analyzed. Flow cytometry was used to analyze cellularity, expression level of CD38, CD39, and CD73, and frequency of [Formula: see text], and [Formula: see text] in lymphocyte subpopulations. Plasma was used for cytokines (by CBA kit) and adenine nucleosides/nucleotides detection (by HPLC). RESULTS Comparing B-ALL patients to health donors, we observed an increase of CD4 + and CD8 + T-cells. In addition, a decrease in CD38 expression in B and Treg subpopulations and an increase in CD39+ CD73+ frequency in Breg and CD8+ T-cells. Analyzing cytokines and adenine nucleosides/nucleotides, we found a decrease in TNF, IL-1β, and ADO concentrations, together with an increase in AMP in B-ALL patients' plasma. CONCLUSION As immunomodulators, the expression of ectonucleotidases might be associated with activation states, as well as the abundance of different cellular subsets. We observed a pro-tumor immunity expression profile in B-ALL patients at diagnosis, being associated with cell exhaustion and immune evasion in B-ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitória Brum da Silva Nunes
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Camila Kehl Dias
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Juliete Nathali Scholl
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Alexia Nedel Sant'Ana
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Amanda de Fraga Dias
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Alegretti
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Monalisa Sosnoski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Liane Esteves Daudt
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
| | - Mariana Bohns Michalowski
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre/HCPA, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-903, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde da Criança e do Adolescente, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, 90035-003, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Oliveira Battastini
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil
| | | | - Fabrício Figueiró
- Laboratório de Imunobioquímica do Câncer, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil.
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas: Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 90035-003, Brazil.
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Ratajczak MZ, Adamiak M, Deptała A, Domagała-Kulawik J, Ratajczak J, Kucia M. Myeloablative Conditioning for Transplantation Induces State of Sterile Inflammation in the Bone Marrow: Implications for Optimizing Homing and Engraftment of Hematopoietic Stem Cells. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:1254-1265. [PMID: 35383477 PMCID: PMC9805853 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2022.0042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Significance: The success rate of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation depends mainly on the number of transplanted hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) followed by the speed of their engraftment in the myeloablated transplant recipient. Therefore, clinical outcomes will significantly benefit from accelerating the homing and engraftment of these cells. This is, in particular, important when the number of cells available for the transplantation of HSPCs is limited. Recent Advances: We postulated that myeloablative conditioning for hematopoietic transplantation by radio- or chemotherapy induces a state of sterile inflammation in transplant recipient peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM). This state is mediated by activation of the BM stromal and innate immunity cells that survive myeloablative conditioning and respond to danger-associated molecular patterns released from the cells damaged by myeloablative conditioning. As a result of this, several factors are released that promote proper navigation of HSPCs infused into PB of transplant recipient and prime recipient BM to receive transplanted cells. Critical Issues: We will present data that cellular innate immunity arm and soluble arm comprised complement cascade proteins, promoting the induction of the BM sterile inflammation state that facilitates the navigation, homing, and engraftment of HSPCs. Future Directions: Deciphering these mechanisms would allow us to better understand the mechanisms that govern hematopoietic recovery after transplantation and, in parallel, provide important information on how to optimize this process in the clinic by employing small molecular modifiers of innate immunity and purinergic signaling. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 1254-1265.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z. Ratajczak
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Andrzej Deptała
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Faculty of Health Sciences, and Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Joanna Domagała-Kulawik
- Department of Internal Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Department of Medicine, Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Kentucky, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Pulmonary Diseases and Allergy, Medical University of Warsaw, Warszawa, Poland
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7
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Extracellular Adenosine (eAdo) - A2B Receptor Axis Inhibits in Nlrp3 Inflammasome-dependent Manner Trafficking of Hematopoietic Stem/progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2022; 18:2893-2911. [DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
AbstractWe postulated that mobilization, homing, and engraftment of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCPs) is facilitated by a state of sterile inflammation induced in bone marrow (BM) after administration of pro-mobilizing drugs or in response to pre-transplant myeloablative conditioning. An important role in this phenomenon plays purinergic signaling that by the release of extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) activates in HSPCs and in cells in the hematopoietic microenvironment an intracellular pattern recognition receptor (PPR) known as Nlrp3 inflammasome. We reported recently that its deficiency results in defective trafficking of HSPCs. Moreover, it is known that eATP after release into extracellular space is processed by cell surface expressed ectonucleotidases CD39 and CD73 to extracellular adenosine (eAdo) that in contrast to eATP shows an anti-inflammatory effect. Based on data that the state of sterile inflammation promotes trafficking of HSPCs, and since eAdo is endowed with anti-inflammatory properties we become interested in how eAdo will affect the mobilization, homing, and engraftment of HSPCs and which of eAdo receptors are involved in these processes. As expected, eAdo impaired HSPCs trafficking and this occurred in autocrine- and paracrine-dependent manner by direct stimulation of these cells or by affecting cells in the BM microenvironment. We report herein for the first time that this defect is mediated by activation of the A2B receptor and a specific inhibitor of this receptor improves eAdo-aggravated trafficking of HSPCs. To explain this at the molecular level eAdo-A2B receptor interaction upregulates in HSPCs in NF-kB-, NRF2- and cAMP-dependent manner heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), that is Nlrp3 inflammasome inhibitor. This corroborated with our analysis of proteomics signature in murine HSPCs exposed to eAdo that revealed that A2B inhibition promotes cell migration and proliferation. Based on this we postulate that blockage of A2B receptor may accelerate the mobilization of HSPCs as well as their hematopoietic reconstitution and this approach could be potentially considered in the future to be tested in the clinic.
Graphical Abstract
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8
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Han L, Wang G, Zhou S, Situ C, He Z, Li Y, Qiu Y, Huang Y, Xu A, Ong MTY, Wang H, Zhang J, Wu Z. Muscle satellite cells are impaired in type 2 diabetic mice by elevated extracellular adenosine. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110884. [PMID: 35649375 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle regeneration is known to be defective under diabetic conditions. However, the underlying mechanisms remain less clear. Adult quiescent muscle satellite cells (MuSCs) from leptin-receptor-deficient (i.e., db/db) diabetic mice are defective in early activation in vivo, but not in culture, suggesting the involvement of pathogenic niche factors. Elevated extracellular adenosine (eAdo) and AMP (eAMP) are detected under diabetic conditions. eAdo and eAMP potently inhibit cell cycle re-entry of quiescent MuSCs and injury-induced muscle regeneration. Mechanistically, eAdo and eAMP engage the equilibrative Ado transporters (ENTs)-Ado kinase (ADK)-AMPK signaling axis in MuSCs to inhibit the mTORC1-dependent cell growth checkpoint. eAdo and eAMP also inhibit early activation of quiescent fibroadipogenic progenitors and human MuSCs by the same mechanism. Treatment of db/db diabetic mice with an ADK inhibitor partially rescues the activation defects of MuSCs in vivo. Thus, both ADK and ENTs represent potential therapeutic targets for restoring the regenerative functions of tissue stem cells in patients with diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Han
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Gang Wang
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shaopu Zhou
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chenghao Situ
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhiming He
- Department of Chemical Pathology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuying Li
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yudan Qiu
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, the City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Aimin Xu
- Department of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Michael Tim Yun Ong
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, the Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China
| | - Huating Wang
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianfa Zhang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Zhenguo Wu
- Division of Life Science, the State Key Laboratory on Molecular Neuroscience, the Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Hong Kong, China; Greater Bay Biomedical Innocenter, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China.
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9
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Rotondo JC, Mazziotta C, Lanzillotti C, Stefani C, Badiale G, Campione G, Martini F, Tognon M. The Role of Purinergic P2X7 Receptor in Inflammation and Cancer: Novel Molecular Insights and Clinical Applications. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:1116. [PMID: 35267424 PMCID: PMC8909580 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14051116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The purinergic P2X7 receptor (P2X7R) is a transmembrane protein whose expression has been related to a variety of cellular processes, while its dysregulation has been linked to inflammation and cancer. P2X7R is expressed in cancer and immune system cell surfaces. ATP plays a key role in numerous metabolic processes due to its abundance in the tumour microenvironment. P2X7R plays an important role in cancer by interacting with ATP. The unusual property of P2X7R is that stimulation with low doses of ATP causes the opening of a permeable channel for sodium, potassium, and calcium ions, whereas sustained stimulation with high doses of ATP favours the formation of a non-selective pore. The latter effect induces a change in intracellular homeostasis that leads to cell death. This evidence suggests that P2X7R has both pro- and anti-tumour proprieties. P2X7R is increasingly recognised as a regulator of inflammation. In this review, we aimed to describe the most relevant characteristics of P2X7R function, activation, and its ligands, while also summarising the role of P2X7R activation in the context of inflammation and cancer. The currently used therapeutic approaches and clinical trials of P2X7R modulators are also described.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Charles Rotondo
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carmen Lanzillotti
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Chiara Stefani
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giada Badiale
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Giulia Campione
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
- Centre for Studies on Gender Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Laboratory for Technologies of Advanced Therapies (LTTA), University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Laboratories of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Section of Experimental Medicine, Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (J.C.R.); (C.M.); (C.L.); (C.S.); (G.B.); (G.C.); (F.M.)
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10
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Garg V, Chandanala S, David-Luther M, Govind M, Prasad RR, Kumar A, Prasanna SJ. The Yin and Yang of Immunity in Stem Cell Decision Guidance in Tissue Ecologies: An Infection Independent Perspective. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:793694. [PMID: 35198558 PMCID: PMC8858808 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.793694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The impact of immune system and inflammation on organ homeostasis and tissue stem cell niches in the absence of pathogen invasion has long remained a conundrum in the field of regenerative medicine. The paradoxical role of immune components in promoting tissue injury as well as resolving tissue damage has complicated therapeutic targeting of inflammation as a means to attain tissue homeostasis in degenerative disease contexts. This confound could be resolved by an integrated intricate assessment of cross-talk between inflammatory components and micro- and macro-environmental factors existing in tissues during health and disease. Prudent fate choice decisions of stem cells and their differentiated progeny are key to maintain tissue integrity and function. Stem cells have to exercise this fate choice in consultation with other tissue components. With this respect tissue immune components, danger/damage sensing molecules driving sterile inflammatory signaling cascades and barrier cells having immune-surveillance functions play pivotal roles in supervising stem cell decisions in their niches. Stem cells learn from their previous damage encounters, either endogenous or exogenous, or adapt to persistent micro-environmental changes to orchestrate their decisions. Thus understanding the communication networks between stem cells and immune system components is essential to comprehend stem cell decisions in endogenous tissue niches. Further the systemic interactions between tissue niches integrated through immune networks serve as patrolling systems to establish communication links and orchestrate micro-immune ecologies to better organismal response to injury and promote regeneration. Understanding these communication links is key to devise immune-centric regenerative therapies. Thus the present review is an integrated attempt to provide a unified purview of how inflammation and immune cells provide guidance to stem cells for tissue sculpting during development, organismal aging and tissue crisis based on the current knowledge in the field.
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11
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Hematopoiesis and innate immunity: an inseparable couple for good and bad times, bound together by an hormetic relationship. Leukemia 2022; 36:23-32. [PMID: 34853440 PMCID: PMC8727304 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-021-01482-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic and immune cells originate from a common hematopoietic/lymphopoietic stem cell what explains that these different cell types often share the same receptors and respond to similar factors. Moreover, the common goal of both lineages is to ensure tissue homeostasis under steady-state conditions, fight invading pathogens, and promote tissue repair. We will highlight accumulating evidence that innate and adaptive immunity modulate several aspects of hematopoiesis within the hormetic zone in which the biological response to low exposure to potential stressors generally is favorable and benefits hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Innate immunity impact on hematopoiesis is pleiotropic and involves both the cellular arm, comprised of innate immunity cells, and the soluble arm, whose major component is the complement cascade (ComC). In addition, several mediators released by innate immunity cells, including inflammatory cytokines and small antimicrobial cationic peptides, affect hematopoiesis. There are intriguing observations that HSPCs and immune cells share several cell-surface pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs), such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytosol-expressed NOD, NOD-like, and RIG-I-like receptors and thus can be considered "pathogen sensors". In addition, not only lymphocytes but also HSPCs express functional intracellular complement proteins, defined as complosome which poses challenging questions for further investigation of the intracellular ComC-mediated intracrine regulation of hematopoiesis.
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12
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P2Y 12-dependent activation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells promotes emergency hematopoiesis after myocardial infarction. Basic Res Cardiol 2022; 117:16. [PMID: 35353230 PMCID: PMC8967792 DOI: 10.1007/s00395-022-00927-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Emergency hematopoiesis is the driving force of the inflammatory response to myocardial infarction (MI). Increased proliferation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (LSK) after MI enhances cell production in the bone marrow (BM) and replenishes leukocyte supply for local cell recruitment to the infarct. Decoding the regulation of the inflammatory cascade after MI may provide new avenues to improve post-MI remodeling. In this study, we describe the influence of adenosine diphosphate (ADP)-dependent P2Y12-mediated signaling on emergency hematopoiesis and cardiac remodeling after MI. Permanent coronary ligation was performed to induce MI in a murine model. BM activation, inflammatory cell composition and cardiac function were assessed using global and platelet-specific gene knockout and pharmacological inhibition models for P2Y12. Complementary in vitro studies allowed for investigation of ADP-dependent effects on LSK cells. We found that ADP acts as a danger signal for the hematopoietic BM and fosters emergency hematopoiesis by promoting Akt phosphorylation and cell cycle progression. We were able to detect P2Y12 in LSK, implicating a direct effect of ADP on LSK via P2Y12 signaling. P2Y12 knockout and P2Y12 inhibitor treatment with prasugrel reduced emergency hematopoiesis and the excessive inflammatory response to MI, translating to lower numbers of downstream progeny and inflammatory cells in the blood and infarct. Ultimately, P2Y12 inhibition preserved cardiac function and reduced chronic adverse cardiac remodeling after MI. P2Y12-dependent signaling is involved in emergency hematopoiesis after MI and fuels post-ischemic inflammation, proposing a novel, non-canonical value for P2Y12 antagonists beyond inhibition of platelet-mediated atherothrombosis.
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13
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He X, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Xie L, Yu Z, Zheng J. Function of the P2X7 receptor in hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. Exp Hematol 2021; 104:40-47. [PMID: 34687808 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) accumulates at tissue injury and inflammation sites. The P2X7 receptor is an ATP-gated ion channel known for its cytotoxic activity. However, P2X7 receptors also play important roles in the growth of cancer and the immune regulation. Functional P2X7 receptor is widely expressed in murine and human hematopoietic stem cells and their lineages, including monocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and B or T lymphocytes, and participates in various physiological and pathologic activities. Therefore, it is not surprising that the P2X7 receptor is important for the normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. Here, we summarize the biological functions of P2X7 receptor during both normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis. In particular, we found that ATP levels are dramatically increased in the leukemic bone marrow niche and the fates of leukemia-initiating cells of acute myeloid leukemia are tightly controlled by P2X7 expression and ATP-P2X7-mediated signaling pathways. These findings strongly indicate that the P2X7 receptor may be considered a potential biomarker of hematological malignancies in bone marrow niches, and its antagonists may be useful for the leukemia treatment in addition to the traditional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao He
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilu Xu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Xie
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junke Zheng
- Hongqiao International Institute of Medicine, Shanghai Tongren Hospital, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Cuthbertson P, Geraghty NJ, Adhikary SR, Bird KM, Fuller SJ, Watson D, Sluyter R. Purinergic Signalling in Allogeneic Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation and Graft-versus-Host Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:8343. [PMID: 34361109 PMCID: PMC8348324 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) is a curative therapy for blood cancers and other haematological disorders. However, allo-HSCT leads to graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), a severe and often lethal immunological response, in the majority of transplant recipients. Current therapies for GVHD are limited and often reduce the effectiveness of allo-HSCT. Therefore, pro- and anti-inflammatory factors contributing to disease need to be explored in order to identify new treatment targets. Purinergic signalling plays important roles in haematopoiesis, inflammation and immunity, and recent evidence suggests that it can also affect haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and GVHD development. This review provides a detailed assessment of the emerging roles of purinergic receptors, most notably P2X7, P2Y2 and A2A receptors, and ectoenzymes, CD39 and CD73, in GVHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Cuthbertson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Nicholas J. Geraghty
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Sam R. Adhikary
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Katrina M. Bird
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Stephen J. Fuller
- Sydney Medical School Nepean, University of Sydney, Nepean Hospital, Penrith, NSW 2747, Australia;
| | - Debbie Watson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Ronald Sluyter
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (P.C.); (N.J.G.); (S.R.A.); (K.M.B.)
- Molecular Horizons and School of Chemistry and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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15
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Ratajczak MZ, Kucia M. The Nlrp3 inflammasome - the evolving story of its positive and negative effects on hematopoiesis. Curr Opin Hematol 2021; 28:251-261. [PMID: 33901136 PMCID: PMC8169640 DOI: 10.1097/moh.0000000000000658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hematopoiesis is co-regulated by innate immunity, which is an ancient evolutionary defense mechanism also involved in the development and regeneration of damaged tissues. This review seeks to shed more light on the workings of the Nlrp3 inflammasome, which is an intracellular innate immunity pattern recognition receptor and sensor of changes in the hematopoietic microenvironment, and focus on its role in hematopoieisis. RECENT FINDINGS Hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs) are exposed to several external mediators of innate immunity. Moreover, since hemato/lymphopoietic cells develop from a common stem cell, their behavior and fate are coregulated by intracellular innate immunity pathways. Therefore, the Nlrp3 inflammasome is functional both in immune cells and in HSPCs and affects hematopoiesis in either a positive or negative way, depending on its activity level. Specifically, while a physiological level of activation regulates the trafficking of HSPCs and most likely maintains their pool in the bone marrow, hyperactivation may lead to irreversible cell damage by pyroptosis and HSPC senescence and contribute to the origination of myelodysplasia and hematopoietic malignancies. SUMMARY Modulation of the level of Nrp3 inflammasome activation will enable improvements in HSPC mobilization, homing, and engraftment strategies. It may also control pathological activation of this protein complex during HSPC senescence, graft-versus-host disease, the induction of cytokine storms, and the development of hematopoietic malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z. Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY, USA
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Medical University of Warsaw, Poland
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16
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Li FF, Liang YL, Han XS, Guan YN, Chen J, Wu P, Zhao XX, Jing Q. ADP receptor P2y12 prevents excessive primitive hematopoiesis in zebrafish by inhibiting Gata1. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:414-421. [PMID: 32555443 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0431-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In the past two decades, purinergic signaling has emerged as a key regulator of hematopoiesis in physiological and pathological conditions. ADP receptor P2y12 is a crucial component of this signaling, but whether it is involved in primitive hematopoiesis remains unknown. To elucidate the function of P2y12 and provide new insights for drug development, we established a zebrafish P2y12 mutant by CRISPR/Cas 9-based genetic modification system, and investigated whether P2y12 acted as an important regulator for primitive hematopoiesis. By using mass spectrometry (MS) combined with RNA sequencing, we showed that absence of P2y12 induced excessive erythropoiesis, evidenced by significantly increased expression of mature erythrocytes marker α-globin (Hbae1 and Hbae3), β-globin (Hbbe1 and Hbbe3). Expression pattern analysis showed that P2y12 was mainly expressed in red blood cells and endothelial cells of early zebrafish embryos. Further studies revealed that primitive erythroid progenitor marker Gata1 was markedly up-regulated. Remarkably, inhibition of Gata1 by injection of Gata1 morpholino could rescue the erythroid abnormality in P2y12 mutants. The present study demonstrates the essential role of purinergic signaling in differentiation of proerythrocytes during primitive hematopoiesis, and provides potential targets for treatment of blood-related disease and drug development.
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P2Y14 Receptor as a Target for Neutrophilia Attenuation in Severe COVID-19 Cases: From Hematopoietic Stem Cell Recruitment and Chemotaxis to Thrombo-inflammation. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:241-252. [PMID: 33575962 PMCID: PMC7877512 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The global SARS-CoV-2 pandemic starting in 2019 has already reached more than 2.3 million deaths. Despite the scientific community’s efforts to investigate the COVID-19 disease, a drug for effectively treating or curing patients yet needs to be discovered. Hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) differentiating into immune cells for defense express COVID-19 entry receptors, and COVID-19 infection hinders their differentiation. The importance of purinergic signaling in HSC differentiation and innate immunity has been recognized. The metabotropic P2Y14 receptor subtype, activated by UDP-glucose, controls HSC differentiation and mobilization. Thereon, the exacerbated activation of blood immune cells amplifies the inflammatory state observed in COVID-19 patients, specially through the continuous release of reactive oxygen species and extracellular neutrophil traps (NETs). Further, the P2Y14 subtype, robustly inhibits the infiltration of neutrophils into various epithelial tissues, including lungs and kidneys. Here we discuss findings suggesting that antagonism of the P2Y14 receptor could prevent the progression of COVID-19-induced systemic inflammation, which often leads to severe illness and death cases. Considering the modulation of neutrophil recruitment of extreme relevance for respiratory distress and lung failure prevention, we propose that P2Y14 receptor inhibition by its selective antagonist PPTN could limit neutrophil recruitment and NETosis, hence limiting excessive formation of oxygen reactive species and proteolytic activation of the kallikrein-kinin system and subsequent bradykinin storm in the alveolar septa of COVID-19 patients.
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18
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Ratajczak MZ, Kucia M. Extracellular Adenosine Triphosphate (eATP) and Its Metabolite, Extracellular Adenosine (eAdo), as Opposing "Yin-Yang" Regulators of Nlrp3 Inflammasome in the Trafficking of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. Front Immunol 2021; 11:603942. [PMID: 33584673 PMCID: PMC7878390 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.603942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nlrp3 inflammasome plays a pleiotropic role in hematopoietic cells. On the one hand, physiological activation of this intracellular protein complex is crucial to maintaining normal hematopoiesis and the trafficking of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). On the other hand, its hyperactivation may lead to cell death by pyroptosis, and prolonged activity is associated with sterile inflammation of the BM and, as a consequence, with the HSPCs aging and origination of myelodysplasia and leukemia. Thus, we need to understand better this protein complex’s actions to define the boundaries of its safety window and study the transition from being beneficial to being detrimental. As demonstrated, the Nlrp3 inflammasome is expressed and active both in HSPCs and in the non-hematopoietic cells that are constituents of the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment. Importantly, the Nlrp3 inflammasome responds to mediators of purinergic signaling, and while extracellular adenosine triphosphate (eATP) activates this protein complex, its metabolite extracellular adenosine (eAdo) has the opposite effect. In this review, we will discuss and focus on the physiological consequences of the balance between eATP and eAdo in regulating the trafficking of HSPCs in an Nlrp3 inflammasome-dependent manner, as seen during pharmacological mobilization from BM into peripheral blood (PB) and in the reverse mechanism of homing from PB to BM and engraftment. We propose that both mediators of purinergic signaling and the Nlrp3 inflammasome itself may become important therapeutic targets in optimizing the trafficking of HSPCs in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY, United States.,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magda Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine and James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY, United States.,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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19
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Sex-related differences in human plasma NAD+/NADH levels depend on age. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:227457. [PMID: 33393613 PMCID: PMC7809543 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20200340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) is a coenzyme in metabolic reactions and cosubstrate in signaling pathways of cells. While the intracellular function of NAD is well described, much less is known about its importance as an extracellular molecule. Moreover, there is only little information about the concentration of extracellular NAD and the ratio between its oxidized (NAD+) and reduced (NADH) form in humans. Therefore, our study aimed at the analysis of total NAD and NAD+/NADH ratio in human plasma depending on sex and age. First, an enzymatic assay was established for detecting NAD+ and NADH in human plasma samples. Then, plasma NAD was analyzed in 205 probands without severe diseases (91 men, 114 women) being 18-83 years old. The total plasma NAD concentration was determined with median 1.34 µM (0.44-2.88 µM) without difference between men and women. Although the amounts of NAD+ and NADH were nearly balanced, women had higher plasma NAD+/NADH ratios than men (median 1.33 vs. 1.09, P<0.001). The sex-related difference in the plasma NAD+/NADH ratio reduces with increasing age, an effect that was more obvious for two parameters of the biological age (skin autofluorescence, brachial-femoral pulse wave velocity (PWV)) than for the chronological age. However, plasma values for total NAD and NAD+/NADH ratio did not generally alter with increasing age. In conclusion, human plasma contains low micromolar concentrations of total NAD with higher NAD+/NADH redox ratios in adult but not older women compared with same-aged men.
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20
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van Gastel N, Carmeliet G. Metabolic regulation of skeletal cell fate and function in physiology and disease. Nat Metab 2021; 3:11-20. [PMID: 33398192 DOI: 10.1038/s42255-020-00321-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The skeleton is diverse in its functions, which include mechanical support, movement, blood cell production, mineral storage and endocrine regulation. This multifaceted role is achieved through an interplay of osteoblasts, chondrocytes, bone marrow adipocytes and stromal cells, all generated from skeletal stem cells. Emerging evidence shows the importance of cellular metabolism in the molecular control of the skeletal system. The different skeletal cell types not only have distinct metabolic demands relating to their particular functions but also are affected by microenvironmental constraints. Specific metabolites control skeletal stem cell maintenance, direct lineage allocation and mediate cellular communication. Here, we discuss recent findings on the roles of cellular metabolism in determining skeletal stem cell fate, coordinating osteoblast and chondrocyte function, and organizing stromal support of haematopoiesis. We also consider metabolic dysregulation in skeletal ageing and degenerative diseases, and provide an outlook on how the field may evolve in the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick van Gastel
- de Duve Institute, Brussels, Belgium.
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology, Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.
| | - Geert Carmeliet
- Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Checcoli A, Pol JG, Naldi A, Noel V, Barillot E, Kroemer G, Thieffry D, Calzone L, Stoll G. Dynamical Boolean Modeling of Immunogenic Cell Death. Front Physiol 2020; 11:590479. [PMID: 33281620 PMCID: PMC7690454 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.590479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
As opposed to the standard tolerogenic apoptosis, immunogenic cell death (ICD) constitutes a type of cellular demise that elicits an adaptive immune response. ICD has been characterized in malignant cells following cytotoxic interventions, such as chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Briefly, ICD of cancer cells releases some stress/danger signals that attract and activate dendritic cells (DCs). The latter can then engulf and cross-present tumor antigens to T lymphocytes, thus priming a cancer-specific immunity. This series of reactions works as a positive feedback loop where the antitumor immunity further improves the therapeutic efficacy by targeting cancer cells spared by the cytotoxic agent. However, not all chemotherapeutic drugs currently approved for cancer treatment are able to stimulate bona fide ICD: some commonly used agents, such as cisplatin or 5-fluorouracil, are unable to activate all features of ICD. Therefore, a better characterization of the process could help identify some gene or protein candidates to target pharmacologically and suggest combinations of drugs that would favor/increase antitumor immune response. To this end, we have built a mathematical model of the major cell types that intervene in ICD, namely cancer cells, DCs, CD8+ and CD4+ T cells. Our model not only integrates intracellular mechanisms within each individual cell entity, but also incorporates intercellular communications between them. The resulting cell population model recapitulates key features of the dynamics of ICD after an initial treatment, in particular the time-dependent size of the different cell types. The model is based on a discrete Boolean formalism and is simulated by means of a software tool, UPMaBoSS, which performs stochastic simulations with continuous time, considering the dynamics of the system at the cell population level with appropriate timing of events, and accounting for death and division of each cell type. With this model, the time scales of some of the processes involved in ICD, which are challenging to measure experimentally, have been predicted. In addition, our model analysis led to the identification of actionable targets for boosting ICD-induced antitumor response. All computational analyses and results are compiled in interactive notebooks which cover the presentation of the network structure, model simulations, and parameter sensitivity analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Checcoli
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Jonathan G. Pol
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
| | - Aurelien Naldi
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Noel
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Barillot
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Europeen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
- Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Denis Thieffry
- Institut de Biologie de l'ENS (IBENS), Département de Biologie, École Normale Supérieure, CNRS, INSERM, Université PSL, Paris, France
| | - Laurence Calzone
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France
- INSERM, U900, Paris, France
- MINES ParisTech, PSL Research University, CBIO-Centre for Computational Biology, Paris, France
| | - Gautier Stoll
- Equipe 11 labellisée par la Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM U1138, Université de Paris, Sorbonne Université, Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Cancer Campus, Villejuif, France
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22
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Adamiak M, Bujko K, Brzezniakiewicz-Janus K, Kucia M, Ratajczak J, Ratajczak MZ. The Inhibition of CD39 and CD73 Cell Surface Ectonucleotidases by Small Molecular Inhibitors Enhances the Mobilization of Bone Marrow Residing Stem Cells by Decreasing the Extracellular Level of Adenosine. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:892-899. [PMID: 31520298 PMCID: PMC6925070 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09918-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
We have recently demonstrated that purinergic signaling in bone marrow (BM) microenvironment regulates mobilization of hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs), mesenchymal stroma cells (MSCs), endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), and very small embryonic like stem cells (VSELs) into the peripheral blood (PB). While extracellular adenosine triphosphate (ATP) promotes mobilization, its metabolite extracellular adenosine has an opposite effect. Since ATP is processed in extracellular space to adenosine by ectonucleotidases including cell surface expressed CD39 and CD73, we asked if inhibition of these enzymes by employing in vivo small molecular inhibitors ARL67156 and AMPCP of CD39 and CD73 respectively, alone or combined could enhance granulocyte stimulating factor (G-CSF)- and AMD3100-induced pharmacological mobilization of stem cells. Herein we report that pre-treatment of donor mice with CD39 and CD73 inhibitors facilitates the mobilization of HSPCs as well as other types of BM-residing stem cells. This data on one hand supports the role of purinergic signaling in stem cell trafficking, and on the other since both compounds are not toxic against human cells, they could be potentially employed in the clinic to enhance the mobilization of BM residing stem cells for clinical purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Adamiak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative, Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Kamila Bujko
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | | | - Magda Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative, Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative, Medicine Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland.
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Bujko K, Cymer M, Adamiak M, Ratajczak MZ. An Overview of Novel Unconventional Mechanisms of Hematopoietic Development and Regulators of Hematopoiesis - a Roadmap for Future Investigations. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 15:785-794. [PMID: 31642043 PMCID: PMC6925068 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-019-09920-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the best-characterized stem cells in adult tissues. Nevertheless, as of today, many open questions remain. First, what is the phenotype of the most primitive "pre-HSC" able to undergo asymmetric divisions during ex vivo expansion that gives rise to HSC for all hemato-lymphopoietic lineages. Next, most routine in vitro assays designed to study HSC specification into hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) for major hematopoietic lineages are based on a limited number of peptide-based growth factors and cytokines, neglecting the involvement of several other regulators that are endowed with hematopoietic activity. Examples include many hormones, such as pituitary gonadotropins, gonadal sex hormones, IGF-1, and thyroid hormones, as well as bioactive phosphosphingolipids and extracellular nucleotides (EXNs). Moreover, in addition to regulation by stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1), trafficking of these cells during mobilization or homing after transplantation is also regulated by bioactive phosphosphingolipids, EXNs, and three ancient proteolytic cascades, the complement cascade (ComC), the coagulation cascade (CoA), and the fibrinolytic cascade (FibC). Finally, it has emerged that bone marrow responds by "sterile inflammation" to signals sent from damaged organs and tissues, systemic stress, strenuous exercise, gut microbiota, and the administration of certain drugs. This review will address the involvement of these unconventional regulators and present a broader picture of hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Bujko
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Monika Cymer
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, 500 S. Floyd Street, Rm. 107, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA. .,Center for Preclinical Studies and Technology, Department of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
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Extracellular Adenine Nucleotides and Adenosine Modulate the Growth and Survival of THP-1 Leukemia Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124425. [PMID: 32580317 PMCID: PMC7352165 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A new approach to improve the effectiveness of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) treatment is to use the properties of purinergic signaling molecules secreted into the bone marrow milieu in response to leukemic cell growth. Therefore, our study aimed to evaluate the effects of extracellular adenine nucleotides and adenosine on the growth and death parameters in the leukemic THP-1 cell line. Cells were exposed to ATP, ADP, AMP, adenosine and nonhydrolyzable analogues of ATP and ADP (ATPγS and ADPβS) in a 1–1000 μM broad concentration range. The basal mRNA expression of the P1 and P2 receptors was evaluated by real-time PCR. Changes in the processes of cell growth and death were assessed by flow cytometry analysis of proliferation, cell cycle and apoptosis. Chemotaxis toward stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1) was performed using the modified Boyden chamber assay, and chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) surface expression was quantified by flow cytometry. We indicated several antileukemic actions. High micromolar concentrations (100–1000 μM) of extracellular adenine nucleotides and adenosine inhibit the growth of cells by arresting the cell cycle and/or inducing apoptosis. ATP is characterized by the highest potency and widest range of effects, and is responsible for the cell cycle arrest and the apoptosis induction. Compared to ATP, the effect of ADP is slightly weaker. Adenosine mostly has a cytotoxic effect, with the induction of apoptosis. The last studied nucleotide, AMP, demonstrated only a weak cytotoxic effect without affecting the cell cycle. In addition, cell migration towards SDF-1 was inhibited by low micromolar concentrations (10 μM). One of the reasons for this action of ATPγS and adenosine was a reduction in CXCR4 surface expression, but this only partially explains the mechanism of antimigratory action. In summary, extracellular adenine nucleotides and adenosine inhibit THP-1 cell growth, cause death of cells and modulate the functioning of the SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. Thus, they negatively affect the processes that are responsible for the progression of AML and the difficulties in AML treatment.
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Innate immunity orchestrates the mobilization and homing of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells by engaging purinergic signaling-an update. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:153-166. [PMID: 32415576 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-020-09698-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow (BM) as an active hematopoietic organ is highly sensitive to changes in body microenvironments and responds to external physical stimuli from the surrounding environment. In particular, BM tissue responds to several cues related to infections, strenuous exercise, tissue/organ damage, circadian rhythms, and physical challenges such as irradiation. These multiple stimuli affect BM cells to a large degree through a coordinated response of the innate immunity network as an important guardian for maintaining homeostasis of the body. In this review, we will foc++us on the role of purinergic signaling and innate immunity in the trafficking of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) during their egression from the BM into peripheral blood (PB), as seen along pharmacological mobilization, and in the process of homing and subsequent engraftment into BM after hematopoietic transplantation. Innate immunity mediates these processes by engaging, in addition to certain peptide-based factors, other important non-peptide mediators, including bioactive phosphosphingolipids and extracellular nucleotides, as the main topic of this review. Elucidation of these mechanisms will allow development of more efficient stem cell mobilization protocols to harvest the required number of HSPCs for transplantation and to accelerate hematopoietic reconstitution in transplanted patients.
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26
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The Nlrp3 inflammasome as a "rising star" in studies of normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Leukemia 2020; 34:1512-1523. [PMID: 32313108 PMCID: PMC7266743 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-020-0827-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent investigations indicate that hematopoiesis is coregulated by innate immunity signals and by pathways characteristic of the activation of innate immunity cells that also operate in normal hematopoietic stem progenitor cells (HSPCs). This should not be surprising because of the common developmental origin of these cells from a hemato/lymphopoietic stem cell. An important integrating factor is the Nlrp3 inflammasome, which has emerged as a major sensor of changes in body microenvironments, cell activation, and cell metabolic activity. It is currently the best-studied member of the inflammasome family expressed in hematopoietic and lymphopoietic cells, including also HSPCs. It is proposed as playing a role in (i) the development and expansion of HSPCs, (ii) their release from bone marrow (BM) into peripheral blood (PB) in stress situations and during pharmacological mobilization, (iii) their homing to BM after transplantation, and (iv) their aging and the regulation of hematopoietic cell metabolism. The Nlrp3 inflammasome is also involved in certain hematological pathologies, including (i) myelodysplastic syndrome, (ii) myeloproliferative neoplasms, (iii) leukemia, and (iv) graft-versus-host disease (GvHD) after transplantation. The aim of this review is to shed more light on this intriguing intracellular protein complex that has become a “rising star” in studies focused on both normal steady-state and pathological hematopoiesis.
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27
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Semenova S, Shatrova A, Vassilieva I, Shamatova M, Pugovkina N, Negulyaev Y. Adenosine-5'-triphosphate suppresses proliferation and migration capacity of human endometrial stem cells. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:4580-4588. [PMID: 32150662 PMCID: PMC7176887 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular ATP through the activation of the P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors affects the migration, proliferation and differentiation of many types of cells, including stem cells. High plasticity, low immunogenicity and immunomodulation ability of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human endometrium (eMSCs) allow them to be considered a prominent tool for regenerative medicine. Here, we examined the role of ATP in the proliferation and migration of human eMSCs. Using a wound healing assay, we showed that ATP-induced activation of purinergic receptors suppressed the migration ability of eMSCs. We found the expression of one of the ATP receptors, the P2X7 receptor in eMSCs. In spite of this, cell activation with specific P2X7 receptor agonist, BzATP did not significantly affect the cell migration. The allosteric P2X7 receptor inhibitor, AZ10606120 also did not prevent ATP-induced inhibition of cell migration, confirming that inhibition occurs without P2X7 receptor involvement. Flow cytometry analysis showed that high concentrations of ATP did not have a cytotoxic effect on eMSCs. At the same time, ATP induced the cell cycle arrest, suppressed the proliferative and migration capacity of eMSCs and therefore could affect the regenerative potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Semenova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alla Shatrova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina Vassilieva
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Margarita Shamatova
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Natalja Pugovkina
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - Yuri Negulyaev
- Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
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28
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Filippin KJ, de Souza KFS, de Araujo Júnior RT, Torquato HFV, Dias DA, Parisotto EB, Ferreira AT, Paredes-Gamero EJ. Involvement of P2 receptors in hematopoiesis and hematopoietic disorders, and as pharmacological targets. Purinergic Signal 2020; 16:1-15. [PMID: 31863258 PMCID: PMC7166233 DOI: 10.1007/s11302-019-09684-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Several reports have shown the presence of P2 receptors in hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). These receptors are activated by extracellular nucleotides released from different sources. In the hematopoietic niche, the release of purines and pyrimidines in the milieu by lytic and nonlytic mechanisms has been described. The expression of P2 receptors from HSCs until maturity is still intriguing scientists. Several reports have shown the participation of P2 receptors in events associated with modulation of the immune system, but their participation in other physiological processes is under investigation. The presence of P2 receptors in HSCs and their ability to modulate this population have awakened interest in exploring the involvement of P2 receptors in hematopoiesis and their participation in hematopoietic disorders. Among the P2 receptors, the receptor P2X7 is of particular interest, because of its different roles in hematopoietic cells (e.g., infection, inflammation, cell death and survival, leukemias and lymphomas), making the P2X7 receptor a promising pharmacological target. Additionally, the role of P2Y12 receptor in platelet activation has been well-documented and is the main example of the importance of the pharmacological modulation of P2 receptor activity. In this review, we focus on the role of P2 receptors in the hematopoietic system, addressing these receptors as potential pharmacological targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Juliana Filippin
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Kamylla F S de Souza
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
| | | | - Heron Fernandes Vieira Torquato
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil
- Universidade Braz Cubas, Av. Francisco Rodrigues Filho 1233, Mogi das Cruzes, SP, 08773-380, Brazil
| | - Dhébora Albuquerque Dias
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Benedetti Parisotto
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil
| | - Alice Teixeira Ferreira
- Departamento de Biofísica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Botucatu 862, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Culturas Celulares, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande, MS, CEP: 79070-900, Brazil.
| | - Edgar J Paredes-Gamero
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, 79070-900, Brazil.
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, R. Três de Maio 100, São Paulo, SP, 04044-020, Brazil.
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Laboratório de Biologia Molecular e Culturas Celulares, Av. Costa e Silva, s/n Bairro Universitário, Campo Grande, MS, CEP: 79070-900, Brazil.
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29
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Singh AK, Cancelas JA. Gap Junctions in the Bone Marrow Lympho-Hematopoietic Stem Cell Niche, Leukemia Progression, and Chemoresistance. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E796. [PMID: 31991829 PMCID: PMC7038046 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21030796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract: The crosstalk between hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) and bone marrow (BM) microenvironment is critical for homeostasis and hematopoietic regeneration in response to blood formation emergencies after injury, and has been associated with leukemia transformation and progression. Intercellular signals by the BM stromal cells in the form of cell-bound or secreted factors, or by physical interaction, regulate HSC localization, maintenance, and differentiation within increasingly defined BM HSC niches. Gap junctions (GJ) are comprised of arrays of membrane embedded channels formed by connexin proteins, and control crucial signaling functions, including the transfer of ions, small metabolites, and organelles to adjacent cells which affect intracellular mechanisms of signaling and autophagy. This review will discuss the role of GJ in both normal and leukemic hematopoiesis, and highlight some of the most novel approaches that may improve the efficacy of cytotoxic drugs. Connexin GJ channels exert both cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic effects on HSC and BM stromal cells, involved in regenerative hematopoiesis after myelosuppression, and represent an alternative system of cell communication through a combination of electrical and metabolic coupling as well as organelle transfer in the HSC niche. GJ intercellular communication (GJIC) in the HSC niche improves cellular bioenergetics, and rejuvenates damaged recipient cells. Unfortunately, they can also support leukemia proliferation and survival by creating leukemic niches that provide GJIC dependent energy sources and facilitate chemoresistance and relapse. The emergence of new strategies to disrupt self-reinforcing malignant niches and intercellular organelle exchange in leukemic niches, while at the same time conserving normal hematopoietic GJIC function, could synergize the effect of chemotherapy drugs in eradicating minimal residual disease. An improved understanding of the molecular basis of connexin regulation in normal and leukemic hematopoiesis is warranted for the re-establishment of normal hematopoiesis after chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek K. Singh
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Jose A. Cancelas
- Division of Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Hoxworth Blood Center, University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
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30
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Park M, Kim J, Phuong NTT, Park JG, Park JH, Kim YC, Baek MC, Lim SC, Kang KW. Involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the migration and metastasis of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer: effects on small extracellular vesicles production. Sci Rep 2019. [PMID: 31406126 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47734-z.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the standard anti-hormonal therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, long-term TAM therapy can make acquisition of TAM resistance and there are still no solutions to treat TAM-resistant breast cancer. In this study, we found that protein and mRNA expression of the P2X purinoreceptor 7 (P2X7) was higher in tamoxifen resistant MCF-7 (TAMR-MCF-7) cells than in control MCF-7 cells. P2X7 inhibition potently inhibited the migration of TAMR-MCF-7 cells and the liver metastasis burden of TAMR-MCF-7 cells in the spleen-liver metastasis experiment. However, the P2X7 antagonist did not affect protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Here our data indicate a link between small extracellular vesicles (sEV) and P2X7, and suggest a new mechanism of metastasis in TAM-resistant breast cancer cells through P2X7 receptors. The migration of TAMR-MCF-7 cells was increased in a concentration-dependent manner by purified sEV treatment. The number of secreted sEVs and the protein levels of CD63 in TAMR-MCF-7 cells were decreased by the P2X7 antagonist, showing that P2X7 influences the production of sEV. Our results suggest that inhibiting the P2X7 could be considered for metastasis prevention in TAM-resistant cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miso Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen T T Phuong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Gyu Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Chang Baek
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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31
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Park M, Kim J, Phuong NTT, Park JG, Park JH, Kim YC, Baek MC, Lim SC, Kang KW. Involvement of the P2X7 receptor in the migration and metastasis of tamoxifen-resistant breast cancer: effects on small extracellular vesicles production. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11587. [PMID: 31406126 PMCID: PMC6690963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-47734-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen (TAM) is the standard anti-hormonal therapy for estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. However, long-term TAM therapy can make acquisition of TAM resistance and there are still no solutions to treat TAM-resistant breast cancer. In this study, we found that protein and mRNA expression of the P2X purinoreceptor 7 (P2X7) was higher in tamoxifen resistant MCF-7 (TAMR-MCF-7) cells than in control MCF-7 cells. P2X7 inhibition potently inhibited the migration of TAMR-MCF-7 cells and the liver metastasis burden of TAMR-MCF-7 cells in the spleen-liver metastasis experiment. However, the P2X7 antagonist did not affect protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, MMP-9, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition markers. Here our data indicate a link between small extracellular vesicles (sEV) and P2X7, and suggest a new mechanism of metastasis in TAM-resistant breast cancer cells through P2X7 receptors. The migration of TAMR-MCF-7 cells was increased in a concentration-dependent manner by purified sEV treatment. The number of secreted sEVs and the protein levels of CD63 in TAMR-MCF-7 cells were decreased by the P2X7 antagonist, showing that P2X7 influences the production of sEV. Our results suggest that inhibiting the P2X7 could be considered for metastasis prevention in TAM-resistant cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miso Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jieun Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Nguyen T T Phuong
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Gyu Park
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Chul Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science & Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Chang Baek
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Chul Lim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, 61452, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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32
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Morandi F, Marimpietri D, Horenstein AL, Corrias MV, Malavasi F. Microvesicles expressing adenosinergic ectoenzymes and their potential role in modulating bone marrow infiltration by neuroblastoma cells. Oncoimmunology 2019; 8:e1574198. [PMID: 31069133 PMCID: PMC6492972 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2019.1574198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastatic diffusion of Neuroblastoma (NB) cells in the bone marrow (BM) represents the most negative prognostic factors for NB patients. Multiple immune escape mechanisms are postulated as responsible. Our working hypothesis is that adenosine (ADO), an immunosuppressive molecule along with the ectoenzymatic pathways (CD39-CD73 and CD38-CD203a/PC-1-CD73) controlling its production, are involved in the dynamics of NB cells in the BM. The results indicate that ectonucleotidases are expressed by i) NB cell lines, ii) metastatic NB cells isolated from NB patients' BM, iii) microvesicles (MV) derived from both NB cell types and iv) resident BM cell populations. BM infiltration by NB cells increased CD203a/PC-1 and CD73 expression on lymphoid and myeloid cells, respectively. Expressions of ectoenzymes and GD2 (NB-associated marker) were higher on MV from NB patients' BM than in controls. Moreover, CD203a/PC-1 expression on BM-derived MV provide a basis for distinguishing NB patients with high or low BM infiltration. ADO production and consumption of related by-products were significantly higher when assessed on NB patients' MV than those from controls. MV isolated from NB patients' BM significantly downregulated in vitro T cell proliferation. Lastly, NB patients with worse prognosis are identified by a high percentage of CD38+ or CD73+ MV in the BM. In conclusion, ectonucleotidases are present and functional on NB cells, as well as in NB-infiltrated BM and in MV derived from BM. It is reasonable that MV are involved in BM infiltration by NB cells. Therefore, targeting these molecules may widen the therapeutic armamentarium for metastatic NB patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Morandi
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Danilo Marimpietri
- Stem Cell Laboratory and Cell Therapy Center, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto L Horenstein
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Maria Valeria Corrias
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapies in Oncology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Malavasi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunogenetics, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,CeRMS, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.,Fondazione Ricerca Molinette, Torino, Italy
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Elkhenany H, AlOkda A, El-Badawy A, El-Badri N. Tissue regeneration: Impact of sleep on stem cell regenerative capacity. Life Sci 2018; 214:51-61. [PMID: 30393021 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 10/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The circadian rhythm orchestrates many cellular functions, such as cell division, cell migration, metabolism and numerous intracellular biological processes. The physiological changes during sleep are believed to promote a suitable microenvironment for stem cells to proliferate, migrate and differentiate. These effects are mediated either directly by circadian clock genes or indirectly via hormones and cytokines. Hormones, such as melatonin and cortisol, are secreted in response to neural optic signals and act in harmony to regulate many biological functions during sleep. Herein, we correlate the effects of the main circadian genes on the expression of certain stem cell genes responsible for the regeneration of different tissues, including bone, cartilage, skin, and intestine. We also review the effects of different hormones and cytokines on stem cell activation or suppression and their relationship to the day/night cycle. The correlation of circadian rhythm with tissue regeneration could have implications in understanding the biology of sleep and tissue regeneration and in enhancing the efficacy and timing of surgical procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Elkhenany
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt; Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, 22785, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman AlOkda
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Ahmed El-Badawy
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt
| | - Nagwa El-Badri
- Centre of Excellence for Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine (CESC), Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12588, Egypt.
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34
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Kipfer B, Daikeler T, Kuchen S, Hallal M, Andina N, Allam R, Bonadies N. Increased cardiovascular comorbidities in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia presenting with systemic inflammatory and autoimmune manifestations. Semin Hematol 2018; 55:242-247. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW To summarize and discuss recent progress and novel signaling mechanisms relevant to bone marrow adipocyte formation and its physiological/pathophysiological implications for bone remodeling. RECENT FINDINGS Skeletal remodeling is a coordinated process entailing removal of old bone and formation of new bone. Several bone loss disorders such as osteoporosis are commonly associated with increased bone marrow adipose tissue. Experimental and clinical evidence supports that a reduction in osteoblastogenesis from mesenchymal stem cells at the expense of adipogenesis, as well as the deleterious effects of adipocyte-derived signaling, contributes to the etiology of osteoporosis as well as bone loss associated with aging, diabetes mellitus, post-menopause, and chronic drug therapy. However, this view is challenged by findings indicating that, in some contexts, bone marrow adipose tissue may have a beneficial impact on skeletal health. Further research is needed to better define the role of marrow adipocytes in bone physiology/pathophysiology and to determine the therapeutic potential of manipulating mesenchymal stem cell differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugam Muruganandan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rajgopal Govindarajan
- Division of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Christopher J Sinal
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H4R2, Canada.
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Ratajczak MZ, Adamiak M, Kucia M, Tse W, Ratajczak J, Wiktor-Jedrzejczak W. The Emerging Link Between the Complement Cascade and Purinergic Signaling in Stress Hematopoiesis. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1295. [PMID: 29922299 PMCID: PMC5996046 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Innate immunity plays an important role in orchestrating the immune response, and the complement cascade (ComC) is a major component of this ancient defense system, which is activated by the classical-, alternative-, or mannan-binding lectin (MBL) pathways. However, the MBL-dependent ComC-activation pathway has been somewhat underappreciated for many years; recent evidence indicates that it plays a crucial role in regulating the trafficking of hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) by promoting their egress from bone marrow (BM) into peripheral blood (PB). This process is initiated by the release of danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) from BM cells, including the most abundant member of this family, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This nucleotide is well known as a ubiquitous intracellular molecular energy source, but when secreted becomes an important extracellular nucleotide signaling molecule and mediator of purinergic signaling. What is important for the topic of this review, ATP released from BM cells is recognized as a DAMP by MBL, and the MBL-dependent pathway of ComC activation induces a state of "sterile inflammation" in the BM microenvironment. This activation of the ComC by MBL leads to the release of several potent mediators, including the anaphylatoxins C5a and desArgC5a, which are crucial for egress of HSPCs into the circulation. In parallel, as a ligand for purinergic receptors, ATP affects mobilization of HSPCs by activating other pro-mobilizing pathways. This emerging link between the release of ATP, which on the one hand is an activator of the MBL pathway of the ComC and on the other hand is a purinergic signaling molecule, will be discussed in this review. This mechanism plays an important role in triggering defense mechanisms in response to tissue/organ injury but may also have a negative impact by triggering autoimmune disorders, aging of HSPCs, induction of myelodysplasia, and graft-versus-host disease after transplantation of histoincompatible hematopoietic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Z Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mateusz Adamiak
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Magda Kucia
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States.,Department of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Preclinical Research and Technology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland
| | - William Tse
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
| | - Janina Ratajczak
- Stem Cell Institute at James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, United States
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37
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Regulation of human dendritic cell immune functions by ion channels. Curr Opin Immunol 2018; 52:27-31. [PMID: 29574094 DOI: 10.1016/j.coi.2018.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are highly specialized antigen-presenting cells (APCs) able to induce both specific immunity and immune tolerance. Using information gathered from the tissue where they reside, DCs adjust their functional activity to ensure that protective immunity is favoured while unwanted or exaggerated immune responses are prevented. The remarkable ability of these cells to induce, enhance and orient the immune response, while at the same time maintaining self-tolerance, makes them key players in the immune system. Despite the fact that the role of Ca2+ has been clearly established in human DC functions, the link between ion homeostasis, mainly Ca2+, and DC functions is not fully understood. After all, a growing number of works clearly show the role of SOCE and associated channels in the maturation step, and those of K+ channels in migration. This review highlights the key papers published over the past few years and summarizes prospects for the near future.
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38
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Salvestrini V, Orecchioni S, Talarico G, Reggiani F, Mazzetti C, Bertolini F, Orioli E, Adinolfi E, Di Virgilio F, Pezzi A, Cavo M, Lemoli RM, Curti A. Extracellular ATP induces apoptosis through P2X7R activation in acute myeloid leukemia cells but not in normal hematopoietic stem cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:5895-5908. [PMID: 27980223 PMCID: PMC5351599 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that high ATP levels exhibit direct cytotoxic effects on several cancer cells types. Among the receptors engaged by ATP, P2X7R is the most consistently expressed by tumors. P2X7R is an ATP-gated ion channel that could drive the opening of a non-selective pore, triggering cell-death signal. We previously demonstrated that acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells express high level of P2X7R. Here, we show that P2X7R activation with high dose ATP induces AML blast cells apoptosis. Moreover, P2X7R is also expressed on leukemic stem/progenitor cells (LSCs) which are sensitive to ATP-mediated cytotoxicity. Conversely, this cytotoxic effect was not observed on normal hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSCs). Notably, the antileukemic activity of ATP was also observed in presence of bone marrow stromal cells and its addition to the culture medium enhanced cytosine arabinoside cytotoxicity despite stroma-induced chemoresistance. Xenotransplant experiments confirmed ATP antineoplastic activity in vivo.Overall, our results demonstrate that P2X7R stimulation by ATP induced a therapeutic response in AML at the LSC level while the normal stem cell compartment was not affected. These results provide evidence that ATP would be promising for developing innovative therapy for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Salvestrini
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Cristina Mazzetti
- Department Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Elisa Orioli
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elena Adinolfi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Francesco Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Annalisa Pezzi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Michele Cavo
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Roberto M Lemoli
- Clinic of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine (DiMI), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonio Curti
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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39
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Crucial factors of the inflammatory microenvironment (IL-1β/TNF-α/TIMP-1) promote the maintenance of the malignant hemopoietic clone of myelofibrosis: an in vitro study. Oncotarget 2018; 7:43974-43988. [PMID: 27304059 PMCID: PMC5190072 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Along with molecular abnormalities (mutations in JAK2, Calreticulin (CALR) and MPL genes), chronic inflammation is the major hallmark of Myelofibrosis (MF). Here, we investigated the in vitro effects of crucial factors of the inflammatory microenvironment (Interleukin (IL)-1β, Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-α, Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases (TIMP)-1 and ATP) on the functional behaviour of MF-derived circulating CD34+ cells. We found that, regardless mutation status, IL-1β or TNF-α increases the survival of MF-derived CD34+ cells. In addition, along with stimulation of cell cycle progression to the S-phase, IL-1β or TNF-α ± TIMP-1 significantly stimulate(s) the in vitro clonogenic ability of CD34+ cells from JAK2V617 mutated patients. Whereas in the JAK2V617F mutated group, the addition of IL-1β or TNF-α + TIMP-1 decreased the erythroid compartment of the CALR mutated patients. Megakaryocyte progenitors were stimulated by IL-1β (JAK2V617F mutated patients only) and inhibited by TNF-α. IL-1β + TNF-α + C-X-C motif chemokine 12 (CXCL12) ± TIMP-1 highly stimulates the in vitro migration of MF-derived CD34+ cells. Interestingly, after migration toward IL-1β + TNF-α + CXCL12 ± TIMP-1, CD34+ cells from JAK2V617F mutated patients show increased clonogenic ability. Here we demonstrate that the interplay of these inflammatory factors promotes and selects the circulating MF-derived CD34+ cells with higher proliferative activity, clonogenic potential and migration ability. Targeting these micro-environmental interactions may be a clinically relevant approach.
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40
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Kotova PD, Bystrova MF, Rogachevskaja OA, Khokhlov AA, Sysoeva VY, Tkachuk VA, Kolesnikov SS. Coupling of P2Y receptors to Ca 2+ mobilization in mesenchymal stromal cells from the human adipose tissue. Cell Calcium 2017; 71:1-14. [PMID: 29604959 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purinergic transduction was examined in mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) from the human adipose tissue, and several nucleotides, including ATP, UTP, and ADP, were found to mobilize cytosolic Ca2+. Transcripts for multiple purinoreceptors were detected in MSC preparations, including A1, A2A, A2B, P2Y1, P2Y2, P2Y4, P2Y6, P2Y11, P2Y13, P2Y14, P2X2, P2X4, and P2X7. Cellular responses to nucleotides were insignificantly sensitive to bath Ca2+, pointing at a minor contribution of Ca2+ entry, and were suppressed by U73122 and 2-APB, implicating the phosphoinositide cascade in coupling P2Y receptors to Ca2+ release. While individual cells were sensitive to several P2Y agonists, responsiveness to a given nucleotide varied from cell to cell, suggesting that particular MSCs could employ different sets of purinoreceptors. Caged Ca2+ stimulated Ca2+-induced Ca2+ release (CICR) that was mediated largely by IP3 receptors, and resultant Ca2+ transients were similar to nucleotide responses by magnitude and kinetics. A variety of findings hinted at CICR to be a universal mechanism that finalizes Ca2+ signaling initiated by agonists in MSCs. Individual MSCs responded to nucleotides in an all-or-nothing manner. Presumably just CICR provided invariant Ca2+ responses observed in MSCs at different nucleotide concentrations. The effects of isoform specific agonists and antagonists suggested that both P2Y1 and P2Y13 were obligatory for ADP responses, while P2Y4 and P2Y11 served as primary UTP and ATP receptors, respectively. Extracellular NAD+ stimulated Ca2+ signaling in each ATP-responsive MSC by involving P2Y11. The overall data indicate that extracellular nucleotides and NAD+ can serve as autocrine/paracrine factors regulating MSC functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina D Kotova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutional Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Marina F Bystrova
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutional Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Olga A Rogachevskaja
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutional Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Alexander A Khokhlov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutional Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia
| | - Veronika Yu Sysoeva
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Vsevolod A Tkachuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russia
| | - Stanislav S Kolesnikov
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutional Street 3, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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41
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High Level P2X7-Mediated Signaling Impairs Function of Hematopoietic Stem/Progenitor Cells. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2017; 12:305-14. [PMID: 27059869 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-016-9651-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Nucleotides, which bind to P2 receptors, have emerged as a family of mediators in intercellular communication. P2X7 is a member of the P2X family ligand-gated ion channels respond to extracellular ATP. High level expression of P2X7 was detected in leukemia samples, especially in relapsed cases. However, the role of P2X7 mediated signaling in hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) as well as its potential role in leukemogenesis have not been established. In this study, the expression of P2X7 in hematopoietic cells in different lineages and stages was analyzed. Over-expression of P2X7 in HSPCs was carried out by retrovirus infection to study the impact on HSPCs. The results showed that low level expression of P2X7 was detected in HSPCs. Over-expression of P2X7 in HSPCs resulted in decreased colony forming ability in vitro and engraftment potential in vivo. These results suggested that high level purinergic signaling by P2X7 impaired function of HSPCs.
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42
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Gentile D, Lazzerini PE, Gamberucci A, Natale M, Selvi E, Vanni F, Alì A, Taddeucci P, Del-Ry S, Cabiati M, Della-Latta V, Abraham DJ, Morales MA, Fulceri R, Laghi-Pasini F, Capecchi PL. Searching Novel Therapeutic Targets for Scleroderma: P2X7-Receptor Is Up-regulated and Promotes a Fibrogenic Phenotype in Systemic Sclerosis Fibroblasts. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:638. [PMID: 28955239 PMCID: PMC5602350 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a connective tissue disorder presenting fibrosis of the skin and internal organs, for which no effective treatments are currently available. Increasing evidence indicates that the P2X7 receptor (P2X7R), a nucleotide-gated ionotropic channel primarily involved in the inflammatory response, may also have a key role in the development of tissue fibrosis in different body districts. This study was aimed at investigating P2X7R expression and function in promoting a fibrogenic phenotype in dermal fibroblasts from SSc patients, also analyzing putative underlying mechanistic pathways. Methods: Fibroblasts were isolated by skin biopsy from 9 SSc patients and 8 healthy controls. P2X7R expression, and function (cytosolic free Ca2+ fluxes, α-smooth muscle actin [α-SMA] expression, cell migration, and collagen release) were studied. Moreover, the role of cytokine (interleukin-1β, interleukin-6) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) production, and extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK) activation in mediating P2X7R-dependent pro-fibrotic effects in SSc fibroblasts was evaluated. Results: P2X7R expression and Ca2+ permeability induced by the selective P2X7R agonist 2'-3'-O-(4-benzoylbenzoyl)ATP (BzATP) were markedly higher in SSc than control fibroblasts. Moreover, increased αSMA expression, cell migration, CTGF, and collagen release were observed in lipopolysaccharides-primed SSc fibroblasts after BzATP stimulation. While P2X7-induced cytokine changes did not affect collagen production, it was completely abrogated by inhibition of the ERK pathway. Conclusion: In SSc fibroblasts, P2X7R is overexpressed and its stimulation induces Ca2+-signaling activation and a fibrogenic phenotype characterized by increased migration and collagen production. These data point to the P2X7R as a potential, novel therapeutic target for controlling exaggerated collagen deposition and tissue fibrosis in patients with SSc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Gentile
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pietro E Lazzerini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Gamberucci
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Mariarita Natale
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Selvi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Vanni
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Alessandra Alì
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Paolo Taddeucci
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - David J Abraham
- Division of Medicine, Department of Inflammation, Centre for Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Rosella Fulceri
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Franco Laghi-Pasini
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Pier L Capecchi
- Department of Medical Sciences, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
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43
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Jiang LH, Mousawi F, Yang X, Roger S. ATP-induced Ca 2+-signalling mechanisms in the regulation of mesenchymal stem cell migration. Cell Mol Life Sci 2017; 74:3697-3710. [PMID: 28534085 PMCID: PMC5597679 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-017-2545-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 05/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The ability of cells to migrate to the destined tissues or lesions is crucial for physiological processes from tissue morphogenesis, homeostasis and immune responses, and also for stem cell-based regenerative medicines. Cytosolic Ca2+ is a primary second messenger in the control and regulation of a wide range of cell functions including cell migration. Extracellular ATP, together with the cognate receptors on the cell surface, ligand-gated ion channel P2X receptors and a subset of G-protein-coupled P2Y receptors, represents common autocrine and/or paracrine Ca2+ signalling mechanisms. The P2X receptor ion channels mediate extracellular Ca2+ influx, whereas stimulation of the P2Y receptors triggers intracellular Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), and activation of both type of receptors thus can elevate the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]c), albeit with different kinetics and capacity. Reduction in the ER Ca2+ level following the P2Y receptor activation can further induce store-operated Ca2+ entry as a distinct Ca2+ influx pathway that contributes in ATP-induced increase in the [Ca2+]c. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are a group of multipotent stem cells that grow from adult tissues and hold promising applications in tissue engineering and cell-based therapies treating a great and diverse number of diseases. There is increasing evidence to show constitutive or evoked ATP release from stem cells themselves or mature cells in the close vicinity. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms for ATP release and clearance, the receptors and ion channels participating in ATP-induced Ca2+ signalling and the roles of such signalling mechanisms in mediating ATP-induced regulation of MSC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hua Jiang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. .,Sino-UK Joint Laboratory of Brain Function and Injury, Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, 453003, Henan, People's Republic of China. .,Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37032, Tours, France.
| | - Fatema Mousawi
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Woodhouse Lane, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Xuebin Yang
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Leeds, WTBB, St James University Hospital, Leeds, LS97TF, UK
| | - Sėbastien Roger
- Inserm UMR1069, Nutrition, Croissance et Cancer, Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37032, Tours, France
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44
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Marsolier J, Laforet P, Pegoraro E, Vissing J, Richard I. 1st International Workshop on Clinical trial readiness for sarcoglycanopathies 15-16 November 2016, Evry, France. Neuromuscul Disord 2017; 27:683-692. [PMID: 28521973 DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Justine Marsolier
- Généthon, INSERM, U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit, Evry F-91002, France
| | | | | | - John Vissing
- Copenhagen Neuromuscular Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Isabelle Richard
- Généthon, INSERM, U951, INTEGRARE Research Unit, Evry F-91002, France.
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45
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Elias HK, Bryder D, Park CY. Molecular mechanisms underlying lineage bias in aging hematopoiesis. Semin Hematol 2017; 54:4-11. [DOI: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2016.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Abstract
The P2X7 receptor is a trimeric ion channel gated by extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate. The receptor is present on an increasing number of different cells types including stem, blood, glial, neural, ocular, bone, dental, exocrine, endothelial, muscle, renal and skin cells. The P2X7 receptor induces various downstream events in a cell-specific manner, including inflammatory molecule release, cell proliferation and death, metabolic events, and phagocytosis. As such this receptor plays important roles in heath and disease. Increasing knowledge about the P2X7 receptor has been gained from studies of, but not limited to, protein chemistry including cloning, site-directed mutagenesis, crystal structures and atomic modeling, as well as from studies of primary tissues and transgenic mice. This chapter focuses on the P2X7 receptor itself. This includes the P2RX7 gene and its products including splice and polymorphic variants. This chapter also reviews modulators of P2X7 receptor activation and inhibition, as well as the transcriptional regulation of the P2RX7 gene via its promoter and enhancer regions, and by microRNA and long-coding RNA. Furthermore, this chapter discusses the post-translational modification of the P2X7 receptor by N-linked glycosylation, adenosine 5'-diphosphate ribosylation and palmitoylation. Finally, this chapter reviews interaction partners of the P2X7 receptor, and its cellular localisation and trafficking within cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald Sluyter
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia. .,Centre for Medical and Molecular Bioscience, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia. .,Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW, 2522, Australia.
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47
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Faivre V, Lukaszewicz AC, Payen D. Downregulation of Blood Monocyte HLA-DR in ICU Patients Is Also Present in Bone Marrow Cells. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0164489. [PMID: 27893741 PMCID: PMC5125574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The downregulation of blood monocyte HLA-DR expression also occurs in tissue infiltrative cells in a context of acute clinical inflammation, especially sepsis. This context favors the development of secondary infections and results from various mechanisms. Little is known about HLA-DR expression on bone marrow (BM) cells of the monocyte lineage, the source of circulating monocytes. This study analyzed the BM HLA-DR expression in ICU patients compared to BM monocytes from non-ICU patients and to blood monocytes of control healthy donors. A potential dysfunction of myeloid differentiation was investigated in a sub-population of these ICU patients to characterize the phenotype of the immature forms of monocytes and granulocytes in BM. Methods and Findings BM and blood were drawn from 33 ICU and 9 non-ICU patients having a BM analysis to precise the etiology of abnormal low count in blood cells. The data were compared with blood cells of 28 control donors. Flow cytometry was used for both HLA-DR expression and phenotyping of immature forms of monocytes and granulocytes. HLA-DR expression was downregulated in both blood and BM monocyte in ICU patients compared to BM of non-ICU patients and blood of control donors. Amplitude of HLA-DR downregulation was comparable in septic and non-septic ICU patients. The phenotype of immature forms of monocytes and granulocytes in BM (n = 11) did not show abnormal myeloid (monocyte + granulocyte) differentiation. Conclusion The downregulation of HLA-DR in BM monocyte lineage is present in ICU patients without major changes in myeloid cells. It may result from a regulation mediated by soluble and/or neuro-endocrine factors present in BM cell microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Faivre
- Inserm, U 1160, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Anne-Claire Lukaszewicz
- Inserm, U 1160, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Département d’Anesthésie - Réanimation - SMUR, Paris, France
| | - Didier Payen
- Inserm, U 1160, Paris, France
- University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France
- AP-HP, Hôpital Lariboisière, Département d’Anesthésie - Réanimation - SMUR, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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Di Virgilio F, Adinolfi E. Extracellular purines, purinergic receptors and tumor growth. Oncogene 2016; 36:293-303. [PMID: 27321181 PMCID: PMC5269532 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Virtually, all tumor cells as well as all immune cells express plasma membrane receptors for extracellular nucleosides (adenosine) and nucleotides (ATP, ADP, UTP, UDP and sugar UDP). The tumor microenvironment is characterized by an unusually high concentration of ATP and adenosine. Adenosine is a major determinant of the immunosuppressive tumor milieu. Sequential hydrolysis of extracellular ATP catalyzed by CD39 and CD73 is the main pathway for the generation of adenosine in the tumor interstitium. Extracellular ATP and adenosine mold both host and tumor responses. Depending on the specific receptor activated, extracellular purines mediate immunosuppression or immunostimulation on the host side, and growth stimulation or cytotoxicity on the tumor side. Recent progress in this field is providing the key to decode this complex scenario and to lay the basis to harness the potential benefits for therapy. Preclinical data show that targeting the adenosine-generating pathway (that is, CD73) or adenosinergic receptors (that is, A2A) relieves immunosuppresion and potently inhibits tumor growth. On the other hand, growth of experimental tumors is strongly inhibited by targeting the P2X7 ATP-selective receptor of cancer and immune cells. This review summarizes the recent data on the role played by extracellular purines (purinergic signaling) in host-tumor interaction and highlights novel therapeutic options stemming from recent advances in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Di Virgilio
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Adinolfi
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Section of Pathology, Oncology and Experimental Biology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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Menkova-Garnier I, Hocini H, Foucat E, Tisserand P, Bourdery L, Delaugerre C, Benne C, Lévy Y, Lelièvre JD. P2X7 Receptor Inhibition Improves CD34 T-Cell Differentiation in HIV-Infected Immunological Nonresponders on c-ART. PLoS Pathog 2016; 12:e1005571. [PMID: 27082982 PMCID: PMC4833302 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1005571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Peripheral CD4+ T-cell levels are not fully restored in a significant proportion of HIV+ individuals displaying long-term viral suppression on c-ART. These immunological nonresponders (INRs) have a higher risk of developing AIDS and non-AIDS events and a lower life expectancy than the general population, but the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. We used an in vitro system to analyze the T- and B-cell potential of CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells. Comparisons of INRs with matched HIV+ patients with high CD4+ T-cell counts (immune responders (IRs)) revealed an impairment of the generation of T-cell progenitors, but not of B-cell progenitors, in INRs. This impairment resulted in the presence of smaller numbers of recent thymic emigrants (RTE) in the blood and lower peripheral CD4+ T-cell counts. We investigated the molecular pathways involved in lymphopoiesis, focusing particularly on T-cell fate specification (Notch pathway), survival (IL7R-IL7 axis) and death (Fas, P2X7, CD39/CD73). P2X7 expression was abnormally strong and there was no CD73 mRNA in the CD34+ cells of INRs, highlighting a role for the ATP pathway. This was confirmed by the demonstration that in vitro inhibition of the P2X7-mediated pathway restored the T-cell potential of CD34+ cells from INRs. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis revealed major differences in cell survival and death pathways between CD34+ cells from INRs and those from IRs. These findings pave the way for the use of complementary immunotherapies, such as P2X7 antagonists, to restore T-cell lymphopoiesis in INRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inna Menkova-Garnier
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
| | - Hakim Hocini
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
| | - Emile Foucat
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Pascaline Tisserand
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France
| | - Laure Bourdery
- Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | | | - Clarisse Benne
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Yves Lévy
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France.,Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Daniel Lelièvre
- INSERM U955, Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale, Créteil, France.,Université Paris Est Créteil, Faculté de Médecine, Créteil, France.,Vaccine Research Institute, Créteil, France.,Groupe Hospitalier Henri-Mondor Albert-Chenevier, Créteil, France
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50
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Holmfeldt P, Ganuza M, Marathe H, He B, Hall T, Kang G, Moen J, Pardieck J, Saulsberry AC, Cico A, Gaut L, McGoldrick D, Finkelstein D, Tan K, McKinney-Freeman S. Functional screen identifies regulators of murine hematopoietic stem cell repopulation. J Exp Med 2016; 213:433-49. [PMID: 26880577 PMCID: PMC4813668 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20150806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Holmfeldt et al. perform a transplant-based screen to identify regulators of HSPC engraftment and report that Foxa3 is critical for optimal HSC function after transplant. Understanding the molecular regulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) engraftment is paramount to improving transplant outcomes. To discover novel regulators of HSPC repopulation, we transplanted >1,300 mice with shRNA-transduced HSPCs within 24 h of isolation and transduction to focus on detecting genes regulating repopulation. We identified 17 regulators of HSPC repopulation: Arhgef5, Armcx1, Cadps2, Crispld1, Emcn, Foxa3, Fstl1, Glis2, Gprasp2, Gpr56, Myct1, Nbea, P2ry14, Smarca2, Sox4, Stat4, and Zfp521. Knockdown of each of these genes yielded a loss of function, except in the cases of Armcx1 and Gprasp2, whose loss enhanced hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) repopulation. The discovery of multiple genes regulating vesicular trafficking, cell surface receptor turnover, and secretion of extracellular matrix components suggests active cross talk between HSCs and the niche and that HSCs may actively condition the niche to promote engraftment. We validated that Foxa3 is required for HSC repopulating activity, as Foxa3−/− HSC fails to repopulate ablated hosts efficiently, implicating for the first time Foxa genes as regulators of HSPCs. We further show that Foxa3 likely regulates the HSC response to hematologic stress. Each gene discovered here offers a window into the novel processes that regulate stable HSPC engraftment into an ablated host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Per Holmfeldt
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Miguel Ganuza
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Himangi Marathe
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Bing He
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetics, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
| | - Trent Hall
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Guolian Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Joseph Moen
- Department of Biostatistics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Jennifer Pardieck
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | | | - Alba Cico
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Ludovic Gaut
- Department of Hematology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105
| | - Kai Tan
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242
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