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Monti M, Ferrari G, Gazzurelli L, Bugatti M, Facchetti F, Vermi W. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells at the forefront of anti-cancer immunity: rewiring strategies for tumor microenvironment remodeling. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:196. [PMID: 39020402 PMCID: PMC11253500 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03121-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are multifaceted immune cells executing various innate immunological functions. Their first line of defence consists in type I interferons (I-IFN) production upon nucleic acids sensing through endosomal Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7- and 9-dependent signalling pathways. Type I IFNs are a class of proinflammatory cytokines that have context-dependent functions on cancer immunosurveillance and immunoediting. In the last few years, different studies have reported that pDCs are also able to sense cytosolic DNA through cGAS-STING (stimulator of interferon genes) pathway eliciting a potent I-IFN production independently of TLR7/9. Human pDCs are also endowed with direct effector functions via the upregulation of TRAIL and production of granzyme B, the latter modulated by cytokines abundant in cancer tissues. pDCs have been detected in a wide variety of human malignant neoplasms, including virus-associated cancers, recruited by chemotactic stimuli. Although the role of pDCs in cancer immune surveillance is still uncompletely understood, their spontaneous activation has been rarely documented; moreover, their presence in the tumor microenvironment (TME) has been associated with a tolerogenic phenotype induced by immunosuppressive cytokines or oncometabolites. Currently tested treatment options can lead to pDCs activation and disruption of the immunosuppressive TME, providing a relevant clinical benefit. On the contrary, the antibody-drug conjugates targeting BDCA-2 on immunosuppressive tumor-associated pDCs (TA-pDCs) could be proposed as novel immunomodulatory therapies to achieve disease control in patients with advance stage hematologic malignancies or solid tumors. This Review integrate recent evidence on the biology of pDCs and their pharmacological modulation, suggesting their relevant role at the forefront of cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Monti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Ferrari
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Luisa Gazzurelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mattia Bugatti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Fabio Facchetti
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Section of Pathology, University of Brescia, P.Le Spedali Civili 1, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA.
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Peng J, He S, Yang X, Huang L, Wei J. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell expansion in myeloid neoplasms: A novel distinct subset of myeloid neoplasm? Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2023; 192:104186. [PMID: 37863402 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2023.104186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a specific dendritic cell type stemming from the myeloid lineage. Clinically and pathologically, neoplasms associated with pDCs are classified as blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), mature plasmacytoid dendritic myeloid neoplasm (MPDMN) and pDC expansion in myeloid neoplasms (MNs). BPDCN was considered a rare and aggressive neoplasm in the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification. MPDMN, known as mature pDC-derived neoplasm, is closely related to MNs and was first recognized in the latest 2022 WHO classification, proposing a new concept that acute myeloid leukemia cases could show clonally expanded pDCs (pDC-AML). With the advances in detection techniques, an increasing number of pDC expansion in MNs have been reported, but whether the pathogenesis is similar to that of MPDMN remains unclear. This review focuses on patient characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of pDC expansion in MNs to gain further insight into this novel and unique provisional subtype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Peng
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China; Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Shaolong He
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China; Department of Hematology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China
| | - Xingcheng Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China; Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
| | - Liang Huang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China; Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China.
| | - Jia Wei
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical college, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430000, Hubei, China; Immunotherapy Research Center for Hematologic Diseases of Hubei Province, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China; Department of Hematology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030032, China; Sino-German Joint Oncological Research Laboratory, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi, China.
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3
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Sterling KG, Dodd GK, Alhamdi S, Asimenios PG, Dagda RK, De Meirleir KL, Hudig D, Lombardi VC. Mucosal Immunity and the Gut-Microbiota-Brain-Axis in Neuroimmune Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:13328. [PMID: 36362150 PMCID: PMC9655506 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have opened the door to a wellspring of information regarding the composition of the gut microbiota. Leveraging NGS technology, early metagenomic studies revealed that several diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, autism, and myalgic encephalomyelitis, are characterized by alterations in the diversity of gut-associated microbes. More recently, interest has shifted toward understanding how these microbes impact their host, with a special emphasis on their interactions with the brain. Such interactions typically occur either systemically, through the production of small molecules in the gut that are released into circulation, or through signaling via the vagus nerves which directly connect the enteric nervous system to the central nervous system. Collectively, this system of communication is now commonly referred to as the gut-microbiota-brain axis. While equally important, little attention has focused on the causes of the alterations in the composition of gut microbiota. Although several factors can contribute, mucosal immunity plays a significant role in shaping the microbiota in both healthy individuals and in association with several diseases. The purpose of this review is to provide a brief overview of the components of mucosal immunity that impact the gut microbiota and then discuss how altered immunological conditions may shape the gut microbiota and consequently affect neuroimmune diseases, using a select group of common neuroimmune diseases as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Griffin Kutler Dodd
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Shatha Alhamdi
- Clinical Immunology and Allergy Division, Department of Pediatrics, King Abdullah Specialist Children’s Hospital, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs, Riyadh 11426, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ruben K. Dagda
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | | | - Dorothy Hudig
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
| | - Vincent C. Lombardi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Reno, NV 89557, USA
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4
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Huang H, Huo Z, Jiao J, Ji W, Huang J, Bian Z, Xu B, Shao J, Sun J. HOXC6 impacts epithelial-mesenchymal transition and the immune microenvironment through gene transcription in gliomas. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:170. [PMID: 35488304 PMCID: PMC9052479 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02589-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most common primary malignant tumours of the central nervous system (CNS). To improve the prognosis of glioma, it is necessary to identify molecular markers that may be useful for glioma therapy. HOXC6, an important transcription factor, is involved in multiple cancers. However, the role of HOXC6 in gliomas is not clear. METHODS Bioinformatic and IHC analyses of collected samples (n = 299) were performed to detect HOXC6 expression and the correlation between HOXC6 expression and clinicopathological features of gliomas. We collected clinical information from 177 to 299 patient samples and estimated the prognostic value of HOXC6. Moreover, cell proliferation assays were performed. We performed Gene Ontology (GO) analysis and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) based on ChIP-seq and public datasets to explore the biological characteristics of HOXC6 in gliomas. RNA-seq was conducted to verify the relationship between HOXC6 expression levels and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) biomarkers. Furthermore, the tumour purity, stromal and immune scores were evaluated. The relationship between HOXC6 expression and infiltrating immune cell populations and immune checkpoint proteins was also researched. RESULTS HOXC6 was overexpressed and related to the clinicopathological features of gliomas. In addition, knockdown of HOXC6 inhibited the proliferation of glioma cells. Furthermore, increased HOXC6 expression was associated with clinical progression. The biological role of HOXC6 in gliomas was primarily associated with EMT and the immune microenvironment in gliomas. High HOXC6 expression was related to high infiltration by immune cells, a low tumour purity score, a high stromal score, a high immune score and the expression of a variety of immune checkpoint genes, including PD-L1, B7-H3 and CLTA-4. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that HOXC6 might be a key factor in promoting tumorigenesis and glioma progression by regulating the EMT signalling pathway and might represent a novel immune therapeutic target in gliomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengyuan Huo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiantong Jiao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zheng Bian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bin Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junfei Shao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Jun Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuxi People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, No. 299 Qing Yang Road, 214023, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China.
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5
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Yang J, Liu X, Cheng Y, Zhang J, Ji F, Ling Z. Roles of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:818314. [PMID: 35311157 PMCID: PMC8927765 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.818314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common neoplasm and the third most deadly cancer in humans worldwide. Helicobacter pylori infection is the most important causative factor of gastric carcinogenesis, and activates host innate and adaptive immune responses. As key constituents of the tumor immune microenvironment, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are increasingly attracting attention owing to their potential roles in immunosuppression. We recently reported that pDCs have vital roles in the development of immunosuppression in GC. Clarifying the contribution of pDCs to the development and progression of GC may lead to improvements in cancer therapy. In this review, we summarize current knowledge regarding immune modulation in GC, especially the roles of pDCs in GC carcinogenesis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinpu Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xia Liu
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiwen Cheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingchen Zhang
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Feng Ji
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zongxin Ling
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan, China
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6
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Fang F, Zhang T, Li Q, Chen X, Jiang F, Shen X. The tumor immune-microenvironment in gastric cancer. TUMORI JOURNAL 2022; 108:541-551. [PMID: 35196917 DOI: 10.1177/03008916211070051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS AND BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment significantly influences malignant behavior and progression. Many components are involved in the tumor microenvironment, including extracellular matrix, stromal cells, immune and inflammatory cells, as well as cytokines that promote tumor development with complex interactions through the exchange of molecular information. It is now known that tumor immune escape may be influenced by the tumor microenvironment. The aim of this work is to conduct a review of the tumor immune-microenvironment in gastric cancer. METHODS We review the current knowledge of several immune cells involved in the gastric tumor microenvironment. In addition, a brief description of immunotherapy strategies for gastric cancer is also reviewed. CONCLUSIONS Among immune cell populations, lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells and myeloid-derived suppressor cells are revealed to make the difference in promoting or suppressing gastric tumorigenesis, either directly or indirectly, via regulating the immune responses. Understanding these interactions in detail within the tumor immune-microenvironment will contribute to unraveling new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Third People's Hospital of Bengbu, Bengbu, China
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaobing Shen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medical Engineering and Education Ministry, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
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7
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Fan C, Wu J, Shen Y, Hu H, Wang Q, Mao Y, Ye B, Xiang M. Hypoxia promotes the tolerogenic phenotype of plasmacytoid dendritic cells in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Med 2021; 11:922-930. [PMID: 34964283 PMCID: PMC8855917 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective We aim to review the roles of plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and explore the effects of hypoxia on the tolerogenic transformation of pDCs. Background pDCs, best known as professional type I interferon‐secreting cells, play key roles in immune surveillance and antitumor immunity. Recently, pDCs have been shown to be tolerogenic and correlate with poor prognosis in a variety of cancers, including HNSCC. However, it remains unclear what drives the tolerogenic transformation of pDCs in the HNSCC microenvironment. Hypoxia, a prominent hallmark of the tumor microenvironment (TME) of HNSCC, can interfere with multiple immune cells and establish an immunosuppressive TME. Methods In this review, we summarize the antitumor and protumor functions of pDCs, explore the effects of hypoxia on the migration and maturation of pDCs, and discuss related mechanisms in HNSCC. Conclusions pDCs mainly display protumor functions in HNSCC. The hypoxic TME in HNSCC can enhance the migration of pDCs and inhibit the differentiation and maturation of pDCs, promoting the tolerogenic phenotype of pDCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui Fan
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jichang Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Shen
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Haixia Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yufeng Mao
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingliang Xiang
- Department of Otolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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8
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Mixed cultures of allogeneic dendritic cells are phenotypically and functionally stable - a potential for primary cell-based "off the shelf" product generation. Cent Eur J Immunol 2021; 46:152-161. [PMID: 34764784 PMCID: PMC8568021 DOI: 10.5114/ceji.2021.107555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccination against tumors using antigen-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccines has greatly evolved over the last decade, with hundreds of active human clinical trials well on the way. The use of an autologous source for DC-based vaccine therapeutics remains the obvious choice in the majority of clinical studies; however, novel evidence suggests that an allogeneic source of DCs can yield success if administered in the right context. One of the challenges facing successful DC vaccination protocols is the generation of large enough numbers of DCs intended for vaccination and standardization of these procedures. In addition, variations in the quality of DC vaccines due to donor-to-donor variation represent an important therapeutic factor. To this day it has not been shown whether DCs from different donors can readily co-exist within the same co-culture for the extended periods required for vaccine manufacture. We demonstrate that generation of allogeneic DC co-cultures, generated from multiple unrelated donors, allows the preservation of their phenotypical and functional properties in vitro for up to 72 hours. Therefore, in the case of an allogeneic vaccination approach, one could ensure large numbers of DCs generated from a primary cell source intended for multiple vaccinations. By generating large amounts of ex vivo manufactured DCs from multiple donors, this would represent the possibility to ensure sufficient amounts of equipotent “off the shelf” product that could e.g. be used for an entire cohort of patients within a study.
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9
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Laustsen A, van der Sluis RM, Gris-Oliver A, Hernández SS, Cemalovic E, Tang HQ, Pedersen LH, Uldbjerg N, Jakobsen MR, Bak RO. Ascorbic acid supports ex vivo generation of plasmacytoid dendritic cells from circulating hematopoietic stem cells. eLife 2021; 10:65528. [PMID: 34473049 PMCID: PMC8445615 DOI: 10.7554/elife.65528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) constitute a rare type of immune cell with multifaceted functions, but their potential use as a cell-based immunotherapy is challenged by the scarce cell numbers that can be extracted from blood. Here, we systematically investigate culture parameters for generating pDCs from hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Using optimized conditions combined with implementation of HSPC pre-expansion, we generate an average of 465 million HSPC-derived pDCs (HSPC-pDCs) starting from 100,000 cord blood-derived HSPCs. Furthermore, we demonstrate that such protocol allows HSPC-pDC generation from whole-blood HSPCs, and these cells display a pDC phenotype and function. Using GMP-compliant medium, we observe a remarkable loss of TLR7/9 responses, which is rescued by ascorbic acid supplementation. Ascorbic acid induces transcriptional signatures associated with pDC-specific innate immune pathways, suggesting an undescribed role of ascorbic acid for pDC functionality. This constitutes the first protocol for generating pDCs from whole blood and lays the foundation for investigating HSPC-pDCs for cell-based immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Laustsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Renée M van der Sluis
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | | | - Ena Cemalovic
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Centre of Molecular Inflammation Research, Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Clinic of Medicine, St. Olav's University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Hai Q Tang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars Henning Pedersen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Niels Uldbjerg
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rasmus O Bak
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.,Aarhus Institute of Advanced Studies, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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10
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Van Eyndhoven LC, Chouri E, Subedi N, Tel J. Phenotypical Diversification of Early IFNα-Producing Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Using Droplet-Based Microfluidics. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672729. [PMID: 33995415 PMCID: PMC8117785 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a rare type of highly versatile immune cells that besides their specialized function of massive type I interferon (IFN-I) production are able to exert cytotoxic effector functions. However, diversification upon toll like receptor (TLR)-induced activation leads to highly heterogeneous responses that have not been fully characterized yet. Using droplet-based microfluidics, we showed that upon TLR7/8 and TLR9-induced single-cell activation only 1-3% secretes IFNα, and only small fractions upregulate cytotoxicity markers. Interestingly, this 1-3% of early IFN-producing pDCs, also known as first responders, express high levels of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), which makes these hybrid cells similar to earlier described IFN-I producing killer pDCs (IKpDCs). IFN-I priming increases the numbers of IFNα producing cells up to 40%, but does not significantly upregulate the cytotoxicity markers. Besides, these so-called second responders do not show a cytotoxic phenotype as potent as observed for the first responders. Overall, our results indicate that the first responders are the key drivers orchestrating population wide IFN-I responses and possess high cytotoxic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura C Van Eyndhoven
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Eleni Chouri
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Nikita Subedi
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Jurjen Tel
- Laboratory of Immunoengineering, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands.,Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS), Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, Netherlands
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11
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Wang W, Zou R, Qiu Y, Liu J, Xin Y, He T, Qiu Z. Interaction Networks Converging on Immunosuppressive Roles of Granzyme B: Special Niches Within the Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2021; 12:670324. [PMID: 33868318 PMCID: PMC8047302 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.670324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Granzyme B is a renowned effector molecule primarily utilized by CTLs and NK cells against ill-defined and/or transformed cells during immunosurveillance. The overall expression of granzyme B within tumor microenvironment has been well-established as a prognostic marker indicative of priming immunity for a long time. Until recent years, increasing immunosuppressive effects of granzyme B are unveiled in the setting of different immunological context. The accumulative evidence confounded the roles of granzyme B in immune responses, thereby arousing great interests in characterizing detailed feature of granzyme B-positive niche. In this paper, the granzyme B-related regulatory effects of major suppressor cells as well as the tumor microenvironment that defines such functionalities were longitudinally summarized and discussed. Multiplex networks were built upon the interactions among different transcriptional factors, cytokines, and chemokines that regarded to the initiation and regulation of granzyme B-mediated immunosuppression. The conclusions and prospect may facilitate better interpretations of the clinical significance of granzyme B, guiding the rational development of therapeutic regimen and diagnostic probes for anti-tumor purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weinan Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Rui Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ye Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Jishuang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Xin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Tianzhu He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhidong Qiu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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12
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Xiao W, Chan A, Waarts MR, Mishra T, Liu Y, Cai SF, Yao J, Gao Q, Bowman RL, Koche RP, Csete IS, DelGaudio NL, Derkach A, Baik J, Yanis S, Famulare CA, Patel M, Arcila ME, Stahl M, Rampal RK, Tallman MS, Zhang Y, Dogan A, Goldberg AD, Roshal M, Levine RL. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell expansion defines a distinct subset of RUNX1-mutated acute myeloid leukemia. Blood 2021; 137:1377-1391. [PMID: 32871587 PMCID: PMC7955409 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2020007897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the principal natural type I interferon-producing dendritic cells. Neoplastic expansion of pDCs and pDC precursors leads to blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), and clonal expansion of mature pDCs has been described in chronic myelomonocytic leukemia. The role of pDC expansion in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is poorly studied. Here, we characterize patients with AML with pDC expansion (pDC-AML), which we observe in ∼5% of AML cases. pDC-AMLs often possess cross-lineage antigen expression and have adverse risk stratification with poor outcome. RUNX1 mutations are the most common somatic alterations in pDC-AML (>70%) and are much more common than in AML without pDC expansion and BPDCN. We demonstrate that pDCs are clonally related to, as well as originate from, leukemic blasts in pDC-AML. We further demonstrate that leukemic blasts from RUNX1-mutated AML upregulate a pDC transcriptional program, poising the cells toward pDC differentiation and expansion. Finally, tagraxofusp, a targeted therapy directed to CD123, reduces leukemic burden and eliminates pDCs in a patient-derived xenograft model. In conclusion, pDC-AML is characterized by a high frequency of RUNX1 mutations and increased expression of a pDC transcriptional program. CD123 targeting represents a potential treatment approach for pDC-AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Xiao
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | | | - Michael R Waarts
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | - Tanmay Mishra
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
| | - Sheng F Cai
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service
| | - Jinjuan Yao
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory
| | - Qi Gao
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
| | - Robert L Bowman
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | | | - Isabelle S Csete
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | - Nicole L DelGaudio
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
| | | | - Jeeyeon Baik
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
| | - Sophia Yanis
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
| | | | | | - Maria E Arcila
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
- Department of Pathology, Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory
| | | | - Raajit K Rampal
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service
| | | | - Yanming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cytogenetics Laboratory, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Ahmet Dogan
- Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Service
| | | | | | - Ross L Levine
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Molecular Cancer Medicine Service
- Department of Medicine, Leukemia Service
- Center for Epigenetics Research
- Center for Hematologic Malignancies, and
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13
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Koucký V, Hladíková K, Táborská E, Bouček J, Grega M, Špíšek R, Fialová A. The cytokine milieu compromises functional capacity of tumor-infiltrating plasmacytoid dendritic cells in HPV-negative but not in HPV-positive HNSCC. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2021; 70:2545-2557. [PMID: 33569630 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-021-02874-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are the most potent type I interferon-producing cells and play an important role in antiviral immunity. Tumor-infiltrating pDCs were shown to be predominantly pro-tumorigenic, with reduced ability to produce interferon alpha (IFNα) and confirmed capacity to prime regulatory T cells (Tregs) by the ICOS/ICOS-L pathway. Because a significant number of HNSCCs are induced by human papillomaviruses and show markedly different immune profiles than non-virally induced tumors, we compared the phenotype and functional capacity of HNSCC-infiltrating pDCs to the HPV status of the tumor. We observed a reduced capacity of pDCs to produce IFNα upon toll-like receptor activation in HPV-negative samples and a rather uncompromised functionality in HPV-associated tumors. Additionally, supernatants from non-virally induced but not HPV-associated tumor cell suspensions significantly inhibited IFNα production by peripheral blood-derived pDCs. We identified IL-10 and TNFα as the soluble pDC-suppressive factors with the highest variability between HPV-negative and HPV-positive tumor-derived supernatants. Additionally, we observed a positive correlation of tumor-infiltrating pDCs with Tregs in HPV-negative samples but not in virally induced tumors. Overall, our study indicates that the immunosuppressive cytokine milieu rich in IL-10 and TNFα in HPV-negative but not in HPV-positive HNSCC significantly affects the functional capacity of tumor-infiltrating pDCs, and such dysfunctional pDCs may further support the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by promoting the expansion of Tregs in the tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Koucký
- , Sotio, Prague, Czech Republic.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Faculty, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic.
| | | | | | - Jan Bouček
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, First Medical Faculty, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Grega
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Second Medical Faculty, Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
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14
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Mair F, Liechti T. Comprehensive Phenotyping of Human Dendritic Cells and Monocytes. Cytometry A 2020; 99:231-242. [PMID: 33200508 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.24269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), which include dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes are essential for inducing and steering adaptive T-cell responses. Recent technological developments in single-cell analysis have significantly advanced our understanding of APC subset heterogeneity. To accurately resolve this functional diversity and to account for tissue-specific adaptation, novel phenotyping markers have been described more recently. While some of these largely overlap with traditionally used markers, more fine-grained phenotyping might be essential during inflammatory settings, where the traditional distinction between monocytes and dendritic cells has become blurred. Within this phenotype report, we provide a concise overview of traditional and recently described markers for the phenotyping of DCs and monocytes in the human system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Mair
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave N, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Thomas Liechti
- ImmunoTechnology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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15
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Wu SY, Fu T, Jiang YZ, Shao ZM. Natural killer cells in cancer biology and therapy. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:120. [PMID: 32762681 PMCID: PMC7409673 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01238-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 89.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is highly complex, and immune escape is currently considered an important hallmark of cancer, largely contributing to tumor progression and metastasis. Named for their capability of killing target cells autonomously, natural killer (NK) cells serve as the main effector cells toward cancer in innate immunity and are highly heterogeneous in the microenvironment. Most current treatment options harnessing the tumor microenvironment focus on T cell-immunity, either by promoting activating signals or suppressing inhibitory ones. The limited success achieved by T cell immunotherapy highlights the importance of developing new-generation immunotherapeutics, for example utilizing previously ignored NK cells. Although tumors also evolve to resist NK cell-induced cytotoxicity, cytokine supplement, blockade of suppressive molecules and genetic engineering of NK cells may overcome such resistance with great promise in both solid and hematological malignancies. In this review, we summarized the fundamental characteristics and recent advances of NK cells within tumor immunometabolic microenvironment, and discussed potential application and limitations of emerging NK cell-based therapeutic strategies in the era of presicion medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song-Yang Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Tong Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yi-Zhou Jiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Zhi-Ming Shao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Department of Oncology, Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer in Shanghai, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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16
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Shankar K, Capitini CM, Saha K. Genome engineering of induced pluripotent stem cells to manufacture natural killer cell therapies. Stem Cell Res Ther 2020; 11:234. [PMID: 32546200 PMCID: PMC7298853 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-020-01741-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells play a crucial role in host immunity by detecting cells that downregulate MHC class I presentation and upregulate stress ligands, as commonly seen in cancers. Current NK therapies using primary NK cells are prone to manufacturing issues related to expansion and storage. Alternative cell sources utilizing immortalized NK cell lines require irradiation and are dependent on systemic IL-2 administration, which has been associated with adverse effects. In contrast, NK cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC-NK cells) offer an off-the-shelf alternative that may overcome these bottlenecks. The development of a serum-free and feeder-free differentiation protocol allows for the manufacturing of clinically adaptable iPSC-NK cells that are equally as effective as primary NK cells and the NK-92 cell line for many indications. Moreover, genetic modifications targeting NK-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity capabilities, cytotoxicity, and checkpoint inhibitors may increase the therapeutic potential of iPSC-NK products. This review will highlight the current sources for NK therapies and their respective constraints, discuss recent developments in the manufacturing and genetic engineering of iPSC-NK cells, and provide an overview of ongoing clinical trials using NK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keerthana Shankar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Christian M Capitini
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1111 Highland Ave, WIMR 4137, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - Krishanu Saha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
- Wisconsin Institute for Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 330 N Orchard St, WID 4164, Madison, WI, 53715, USA.
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17
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Chulpanova DS, Kitaeva KV, Green AR, Rizvanov AA, Solovyeva VV. Molecular Aspects and Future Perspectives of Cytokine-Based Anti-cancer Immunotherapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:402. [PMID: 32582698 PMCID: PMC7283917 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokine-based immunotherapy is a promising field in the cancer treatment, since cytokines, as proteins of the immune system, are able to modulate the host immune response toward cancer cell, as well as directly induce tumor cell death. Since a low dose monotherapy with some cytokines has no significant therapeutic results and a high dose treatment leads to a number of side effects caused by the pleiotropic effect of cytokines, the problem of understanding the influence of cytokines on the immune cells involved in the pro- and anti-tumor immune response remains a pressing one. Immune system cells carry CD makers on their surface which can be used to identify various populations of cells of the immune system that play different roles in pro- and anti-tumor immune responses. This review discusses the functions and specific CD markers of various immune cell populations which are reported to participate in the regulation of the immune response against the tumor. The results of research studies and clinical trials investigating the effect of cytokine therapy on the regulation of immune cell populations and their surface markers are also discussed. Current trends in the development of cancer immunotherapy, as well as the role of cytokines in combination with other therapeutic agents, are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria S Chulpanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Kristina V Kitaeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
| | - Andrew R Green
- Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.,Nottingham Breast Cancer Research Centre, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham Biodiscovery Institute, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Valeriya V Solovyeva
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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18
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Abstract
Over the past decade, preclinical and clinical research have confirmed the essential role of interferons for effective host immunological responses to malignant cells. Type I interferons (IFNα and IFNβ) directly regulate transcription of >100 downstream genes, which results in a myriad of direct (on cancer cells) and indirect (through immune effector cells and vasculature) effects on the tumour. New insights into endogenous and exogenous activation of type I interferons in the tumour and its microenvironment have given impetus to drug discovery and patient evaluation of interferon-directed strategies. When combined with prior observations or with other effective modalities for cancer treatment, modulation of the interferon system could contribute to further reductions in cancer morbidity and mortality. This Review discusses new interferon-directed therapeutic opportunities, ranging from cyclic dinucleotides to genome methylation inhibitors, angiogenesis inhibitors, chemoradiation, complexes with neoantigen-targeted monoclonal antibodies, combinations with other emerging therapeutic interventions and associations of interferon-stimulated gene expression with patient prognosis - all of which are strategies that have or will soon enter translational clinical evaluation.
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19
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Fucikova J, Palova-Jelinkova L, Bartunkova J, Spisek R. Induction of Tolerance and Immunity by Dendritic Cells: Mechanisms and Clinical Applications. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2393. [PMID: 31736936 PMCID: PMC6830192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are key regulators of immune responses that operate at the interface between innate and adaptive immunity, and defects in DC functions contribute to the pathogenesis of a variety of disorders. For instance, cancer evolves in the context of limited DC activity, and some autoimmune diseases are initiated by DC-dependent antigen presentation. Thus, correcting aberrant DC functions stands out as a promising therapeutic paradigm for a variety of diseases, as demonstrated by an abundant preclinical and clinical literature accumulating over the past two decades. However, the therapeutic potential of DC-targeting approaches remains to be fully exploited in the clinic. Here, we discuss the unique features of DCs that underlie the high therapeutic potential of DC-targeting strategies and critically analyze the obstacles that have prevented the full realization of this promising paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitka Fucikova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Palova-Jelinkova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jirina Bartunkova
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Radek Spisek
- Sotio, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Immunology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Motol, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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20
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Li F, Sun Y, Huang J, Xu W, Liu J, Yuan Z. CD4/CD8 + T cells, DC subsets, Foxp3, and IDO expression are predictive indictors of gastric cancer prognosis. Cancer Med 2019; 8:7330-7344. [PMID: 31631566 PMCID: PMC6885892 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumor microenvironment represents an abnormal niche containing numerous factors, such as T cells, dendritic cells (DCs), regulatory T cells (Tregs), and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), involved in maintaining immune homeostasis and tolerance. All these factors may influence the choice of therapy and the clinical outcomes. METHODS Flow cytometry was performed to identify CD4+/CD8 + T cells and DCs, and immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate IDO and Forkhead Box P3 (Foxp3) expression; these experiments were performed in order to explore the clinical and prognostic significance of CD4/CD8 + T cells, DCs, Tregs, and IDO expression in gastric carcinoma. RESULTS Smaller tumor size was correlated with higher expression levels of peripheral CD4 + T cells (P = .003) and CD8 + T cells (P = .002), and lower IDO expression (P = .044) in tumors. Well-differentiated gastric carcinomas displayed higher peripheral (P = .029) and tumor-infiltrating CD4 + T cell (P = .009) populations and a higher tumor-infiltrating DC1/DC2 ratio (P = .048). Gastric cancer in the early T stages exhibited higher populations of peripheral DC2s (P = .044) and a higher tumor-infiltrating DC1/DC2 ratio (P = .012). Gastric cancer at the N0 stage had lower tumor-infiltrating DC2s (P = .032) and a higher DC1/DC2 ratio (P = .037). IDO expression was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating Foxp3 + Tregs (P < .001) as well as DC2s (P < .001), whereas it was negatively correlated with the tumor-infiltrating CD4/CD8 + T cell ratio (P = .023). Tumor-infiltrating Foxp3 + Treg was positively correlated with tumor-infiltrating DC2s (r2 = 0.772; P < .001). At T, N, and TNM stages, the expression levels of peripheral DC2s, tumor-infiltrating DC1/DC2 ratios, Foxp3 + Tregs, and IDO were significantly correlated with prognosis (P < .05). The T stage and peripheral DC2s were significant risk factors for overall survival. CONCLUSION Immunocompetent cells and humoral immune factors, including DC2s, CD4+/CD8 + T cells, Foxp3 + Tregs, and IDO, interact with each other to compose a complex community of tumor immune microenvironment, ultimately affecting tumor progression and survival of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangxuan Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China.,Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinchao Huang
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Wengui Xu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Juntian Liu
- Department of Cancer Prevention, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyong Yuan
- Department of Radiotherapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, China
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21
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Gulubova M. Myeloid and Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and Cancer - New Insights. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:3324-3340. [PMID: 31949539 PMCID: PMC6953922 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) use effective mechanisms to combat antigens and to bring about adaptive immune responses through their ability to stimulate näive T cells. At present, four major cell types are categorised as DCs: Classical or conventional (cDCs), Plasmacytoid (pDCs), Langerhans cells (LCs), and monocyte-derived DCs (Mo-DCs). It was suggested that pDCs, CD1c+ DCs and CD141+ DCs in humans are equivalent to mouse pDCs, CD11b+ DCs and CD8α+ DCs, respectively. Human CD141+ DCs compared to mouse CD8α+ DCs have remarkable functional and transcriptomic similarities. Characteristic markers, transcription factors, toll-like receptors, T helpers (Th) polarisation, cytokines, etc. of DCs are discussed in this review. Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) I and II antigen presentation, cross-presentation and Th polarisation are defined, and the dual role of DCs in the tumour is discussed. Human DCs are the main immune cells that orchestrate the immune response in the tumour microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Gulubova
- Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
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22
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Sag D, Ayyildiz ZO, Gunalp S, Wingender G. The Role of TRAIL/DRs in the Modulation of Immune Cells and Responses. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101469. [PMID: 31574961 PMCID: PMC6826877 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression of TRAIL (tumor necrosis factor–related apoptosis–inducing ligand) by immune cells can lead to the induction of apoptosis in tumor cells. However, it becomes increasingly clear that the interaction of TRAIL and its death receptors (DRs) can also directly impact immune cells and influence immune responses. Here, we review what is known about the role of TRAIL/DRs in immune cells and immune responses in general and in the tumor microenvironment in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Sag
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Ozge Ayyildiz
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sinem Gunalp
- Department of Genome Sciences and Molecular Biotechnology, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Gerhard Wingender
- Izmir Biomedicine and Genome Center (IBG), 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Technologies, Izmir International Biomedicine and Genome Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, 35340 Balcova/Izmir, Turkey.
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23
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Severe depletion of peripheral blood dendritic cell subsets in obstructive sleep apnea patients: A new link with cancer? Cytokine 2019; 125:154831. [PMID: 31473474 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.154831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Recent evidence suggests that alterations of the immune responses are associated with the inflammatory nature of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and of its related co-morbidities. In this scenario, we asked whether circulating dendritic cell (DC) subsets may be possible players as their role has not yet been detailed. The frequency distribution of peripheral blood myeloid (mDC1 and mDC2) and plasmacytoid (p) DCs was investigated by mean of multi-parametric flow cytometry in 45 OSA patients (mean age: 53 yrs; M = 29) at the time of the first diagnosis and compared to 30 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Oxidative burst (OB) and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, (interleukin) (IL)-6, interferon (INF)-γ, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were also analyzed. All subsets of circulating DCs were significantly depleted in OSA patients as compared to healthy subjects (p < 0.01, in all instances), with mDC2 and pDC subtypes being more severely compromised. These findings were co-existing with higher levels of OB along with an increased expression of IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and VEGF (p < 0.005 in all instances). In particular, IL6 levels were significantly higher (p = 0.013) in severe OSA patients (apnea/hypopnea index >30) and were inversely correlated with both mDC2 (r = -0.802, p < 0.007) and pDC (r = -0.317, p = 0.04) subsets. We first provide evidence for a constitutive reduction of all circulating DC subsets in OSA patients. Perturbation of DCs coexists with an inflammatory milieu and is negatively correlated with the expression of IL-6, which is actually recognized as a pivotal inhibitor of DC maturation. Future studies exploring the contribution of DCs in the pathogenesis of OSA and of its complications should be encouraged.
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24
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Lee YS, Radford KJ. The role of dendritic cells in cancer. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:123-178. [PMID: 31810552 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer immunotherapy harnesses the ability of the immune system to recognize and eliminate cancer. The potent ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to initiate and regulate adaptive immune responses underpins the successful generation of anti-tumor immune responses. DCs are a heterogeneous leukocyte population comprised of distinct subsets that drive specific types of immune responses. Understanding how DCs induce tumor immune responses and the mechanisms adopted by tumors to evade DC surveillance is essential to render immunotherapies more effective. This review discusses current knowledge of the roles played by different DC subsets in human cancer and how these might be manipulated as new immunotherapeutics to improve CD8+ T cell-mediated immune responses, with a particular focus on the conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoke Seng Lee
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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25
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Sprooten J, Agostinis P, Garg AD. Type I interferons and dendritic cells in cancer immunotherapy. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 348:217-262. [PMID: 31810554 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Type I interferons (IFNs) facilitate cancer immunosurveillance, antitumor immunity and antitumor efficacy of conventional cell death-inducing therapies (chemotherapy/radiotherapy) as well as immunotherapy. Moreover, it is clear that dendritic cells (DCs) play a significant role in aiding type I IFN-driven immunity. Owing to these antitumor properties several immunotherapies involving, or inducing, type I IFNs have received considerable clinical attention, e.g., recombinant IFNα2 or agonists targeting pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathways like Toll-like receptors (TLRs), cGAS-STING or RIG-I/MDA5/MAVS. A series of preclinical and clinical evidence concurs that the success of anticancer therapy hinges on responsiveness of both cancer cells and DCs to type I IFNs. In this article, we discuss this link between type I IFNs and DCs in the context of cancer biology, with particular attention to mechanisms behind type I IFN production, their impact on DC driven anticancer immunity, and the implications of this for cancer immunotherapy, including DC-based vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Sprooten
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Center for Cancer Biology (CCB), VIB, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Abhishek D Garg
- Cell Death Research & Therapy (CDRT) Unit, Department for Cellular and Molecular Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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26
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Immunology of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells in Solid Tumors: A Brief Review. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040470. [PMID: 30987228 PMCID: PMC6520684 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response, both innate and adaptive, is a key player in cancer development and progression. Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a subset of dendritic cells that play one of the central roles in the immune system. They are known mostly as the major IFN type I-producing cells upon stimulation of Toll-like receptors 7 and 9. However, based on current knowledge, the functionality of pDCs is very complex, as they have the ability to affect many other cell types. In the context of the tumor tissue, pDCs were mostly described to show substantial functional defects and therefore contribute to the establishement of immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Immunotherapeutic approaches have proven to be one of the most promising treatment strategies in the last decade. In view of this fact, it is crucial to map the complexity of the tumor microenvironment in detail, including less numerous cell types. This review focuses on pDCs in relation to solid tumors. We provide a summary of current data on the role of pDCs in different tumor types and suggest their possible clinical applications.
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27
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Zhang W, Kwak M, Park HB, Okimura T, Oda T, Lee PCW, Jin JO. Activation of Human Dendritic Cells by Ascophyllan Purified from Ascophyllum nodosum. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E66. [PMID: 30669428 PMCID: PMC6356493 DOI: 10.3390/md17010066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we showed that ascophyllan purified from Ascophyllum nodosum treatment promotes mouse dendritic cell (DC) activation in vivo, further induces an antigen-specific immune response and has anticancer effects in mice. However, the effect of ascophyllan has not been studied in human immune cells, specifically in terms of activation of human monocyte-derived DCs (MDDCs) and human peripheral blood DCs (PBDCs). We found that the treatment with ascophyllan induced morphological changes in MDDCs and upregulated co-stimulatory molecules and major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC I) and MHC II expression. In addition, pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in culture medium was also dramatically increased following ascophyllan treatment of MDDCs. Moreover, ascophyllan promoted phosphorylation of ERK, p38 and JNK signaling pathways, and inhibition of p38 almost completely suppressed the ascophyllan-induced activation of MDDCs. Finally, treatment with ascophyllan induced activation of BDCA1 and BDCA3 PBDCs. Thus, these data suggest that ascophyllan could be used as an immune stimulator in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
| | - Minseok Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
- Marine-integrated Bionics Research Center, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Korea.
| | - Hae-Bin Park
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
| | - Takasi Okimura
- Research and Development Division, Hayashikane Sangyo Co., Ltd., Shimonoseki, Yamaguchi 750-8608, Japan.
| | - Tatsuya Oda
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
| | - Peter Chang-Whan Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, ASAN Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea.
| | - Jun-O Jin
- Scientific Research Center, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center & Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 201508, China.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea.
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28
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Galati D, Zanotta S, Corazzelli G, Bruzzese D, Capobianco G, Morelli E, Arcamone M, De Filippi R, Pinto A. Circulating dendritic cells deficiencies as a new biomarker in classical Hodgkin lymphoma. Br J Haematol 2018; 184:594-604. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2018] [Accepted: 10/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Galati
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Serena Zanotta
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Gaetano Corazzelli
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Dario Bruzzese
- Department of Public Health Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italia
| | - Gaetana Capobianco
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Emanuela Morelli
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Manuela Arcamone
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
| | - Rosaria De Filippi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italia
| | - Antonio Pinto
- Haematology‐Oncology and Stem‐Cell Transplantation Unit Department of Haematology and Innovative Therapies Istituto Nazionale Tumori – IRCCS – Fondazione G. Pascale Napoli Italia
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Bryant CE, Sutherland S, Kong B, Papadimitrious MS, Fromm PD, Hart DNJ. Dendritic cells as cancer therapeutics. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 86:77-88. [PMID: 29454038 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 02/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The ability of immune therapies to control cancer has recently generated intense interest. This therapeutic outcome is reliant on T cell recognition of tumour cells. The natural function of dendritic cells (DC) is to generate adaptive responses, by presenting antigen to T cells, hence they are a logical target to generate specific anti-tumour immunity. Our understanding of the biology of DC is expanding, and they are now known to be a family of related subsets with variable features and function. Most clinical experience to date with DC vaccination has been using monocyte-derived DC vaccines. There is now growing experience with alternative blood-derived DC derived vaccines, as well as with multiple forms of tumour antigen and its loading, a wide range of adjuvants and different modes of vaccine delivery. Key insights from pre-clinical studies, and lessons learned from early clinical testing drive progress towards improved vaccines. The potential to fortify responses with other modalities of immunotherapy makes clinically effective "second generation" DC vaccination strategies a priority for cancer immune therapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Bryant
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW Australia; Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia.
| | - Sarah Sutherland
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Benjamin Kong
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Michael S Papadimitrious
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Phillip D Fromm
- Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia
| | - Derek N J Hart
- Institute of Haematology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW Australia; Dendritic Cell Research, ANZAC Research Institute, Concord, NSW Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW Australia.
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30
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Aiello A, Giannessi F, Percario ZA, Affabris E. The involvement of plasmacytoid cells in HIV infection and pathogenesis. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 40:77-89. [PMID: 29588163 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) are a unique dendritic cell subset that are specialized in type I interferon (IFN) production. pDCs are key players in the antiviral immune response and serve as bridge between innate and adaptive immunity. Although pDCs do not represent the main reservoir of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), they are a crucial subset in HIV infection as they influence viral transmission, target cell infection and antigen presentation. pDCs act as inflammatory and immunosuppressive cells, thus contributing to HIV disease progression. This review provides a state of art analysis of the interactions between HIV and pDCs and their potential roles in HIV transmission, chronic immune activation and immunosuppression. A thorough understanding of the roles of pDCs in HIV infection will help to improve therapeutic strategies to fight HIV infection, and will further increase our knowledge on this important immune cell subset.
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31
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Liu W, Zhao J, Li Q, Wang Q, Zhou Y, Tong Z. Gastric cancer patients have elevated plasmacytoid and CD1c + dendritic cells in the peripheral blood. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:5087-5092. [PMID: 29552142 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.7990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) are important in tumor immunology. Identifying DC subset markers in the peripheral blood, which are informative for gastric cancer stages, is not only useful for prognosis but may also provide mechanistic insights into processes facilitating therapy. The present study investigated plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and myeloid CD1c+ dendritic cells (mDC1s) in the peripheral blood of patients with gastric cancer and healthy controls using flow cytometry. Using peripheral DC staining and subset analysis, patients with gastric cancer were identified to have substantially higher numbers of peripheral pDCs and mDC1s. In addition, there was a trend of elevated circulating pDCs with advanced stages and lymph node metastasis in gastric cancer, whereas no differences in circulating mDC1s were observed among the various groups. The results suggested that circulating pDCs are a positive prognostic indicator in patients with gastric cancer of different stages and highlighted the critical role of pDCs immunity in the development of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihuang Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qiaoqi Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Qiaona Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhou
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
| | - Zan Tong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, P.R. China
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32
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Bendriss-Vermare N, Gourdin N, Vey N, Faget J, Sisirak V, Labidi-Galy I, Le Mercier I, Goutagny N, Puisieux I, Ménétrier-Caux C, Caux C. Plasmacytoid DC/Regulatory T Cell Interactions at the Center of an Immunosuppressive Network in Breast and Ovarian Tumors. Oncoimmunology 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-62431-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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33
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Maldonado S, Fitzgerald-Bocarsly P. Antifungal Activity of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells and the Impact of Chronic HIV Infection. Front Immunol 2017; 8:1705. [PMID: 29255464 PMCID: PMC5723005 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the effectiveness of combined antiretroviral therapy, people living with HIV can control viral replication and live longer lifespans than ever. However, HIV-positive individuals still face challenges to their health and well-being, including dysregulation of the immune system resulting from years of chronic immune activation, as well as opportunistic infections from pathogenic fungi. This review focuses on one of the key players in HIV immunology, the plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC), which links the innate and adaptive immune response and is notable for being the body’s most potent producer of type-I interferons (IFNs). During chronic HIV infection, the pDC compartment is greatly dysregulated, experiencing a substantial depletion in number and compromise in function. This immune dysregulation may leave patients further susceptible to opportunistic infections. This is especially important when considering a new role for pDCs currently emerging in the literature: in addition to their role in antiviral immunity, recent studies suggest that pDCs also play an important role in antifungal immunity. Supporting this new role, pDCs express C-type lectin receptors including dectin-1, dectin-2, dectin-3, and mannose receptor, and toll-like receptors-4 and -9 that are involved in recognition, signaling, and response to a wide variety of fungal pathogens, including Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans, Candida albicans, and Pneumocystis jirovecii. Accordingly, pDCs have been demonstrated to recognize and respond to certain pathogenic fungi, measured via activation, cytokine production, and fungistatic activity in vitro, while in vivo mouse models indicated a strikingly vital role for pDCs in survival against pulmonary Aspergillus challenge. Here, we discuss the role of the pDC compartment and the dysregulation it undergoes during chronic HIV infection, as well as what is known so far about the role and mechanisms of pDC antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Maldonado
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
| | - Patricia Fitzgerald-Bocarsly
- Rutgers School of Graduate Studies, Newark, NJ, United States.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, United States
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34
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Robust HIV-1-specific CD8 T cell responses are currently regarded as the main correlate of immune defense in rare individuals who achieve natural, drug-free control of HIV-1; however, the mechanisms that support evolution of such powerful immune responses are not well understood. Dendritic cells (DCs) are specialized innate immune cells critical for immune recognition, immune regulation, and immune induction, but their possible contribution to HIV-1 immune defense in controllers remains ill-defined. RECENT FINDINGS Recent studies suggest that myeloid DCs from controllers have improved abilities to recognize HIV-1 through cytoplasmic immune sensors, resulting in more potent, cell-intrinsic type I interferon secretion in response to viral infection. This innate immune response may facilitate DC-mediated induction of highly potent antiviral HIV-1-specific T cells. Moreover, protective HLA class I isotypes restricting HIV-1-specific CD8 T cells may influence DC function through specific interactions with innate myelomonocytic MHC class I receptors from the leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptor family. Bi-directional interactions between dendritic cells and HIV-1-specific T cells may contribute to natural HIV-1 immune control, highlighting the importance of a fine-tuned interplay between innate and adaptive immune activities for effective antiviral immune defense.
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35
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Mathan TSM, Textor J, Sköld AE, Reinieren-Beeren I, van Oorschot T, Brüning M, Figdor CG, Buschow SI, Bakdash G, de Vries IJM. Harnessing RNA sequencing for global, unbiased evaluation of two new adjuvants for dendritic-cell immunotherapy. Oncotarget 2017; 8:19879-19893. [PMID: 28186996 PMCID: PMC5386730 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective stimulation of immune cells is crucial for the success of cancer immunotherapies. Current approaches to evaluate the efficiency of stimuli are mainly defined by known flow cytometry-based cell activation or cell maturation markers. This method however does not give a complete overview of the achieved activation state and may leave important side effects unnoticed. Here, we used an unbiased RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)-based approach to compare the capacity of four clinical-grade dendritic cell (DC) activation stimuli used to prepare DC-vaccines composed of various types of DC subsets; the already clinically applied GM-CSF and Frühsommer meningoencephalitis (FSME) prophylactic vaccine and the novel clinical grade adjuvants protamine-RNA complexes (pRNA) and CpG-P. We found that GM-CSF and pRNA had similar effects on their target cells, whereas pRNA and CpG-P induced stronger type I interferon (IFN) expression than FSME. In general, the pathways most affected by all stimuli were related to immune activity and cell migration. GM-CSF stimulation, however, also induced a significant increase of genes related to nonsense-mediated decay, indicating a possible deleterious effect of this stimulus. Taken together, the two novel stimuli appear to be promising alternatives. Our study demonstrates how RNA-seq based investigation of changes in a large number of genes and gene groups can be exploited for fast and unbiased, global evaluation of clinical-grade stimuli, as opposed to the general limited evaluation of a pre-specified set of genes, by which one might miss important biological effects that are detrimental for vaccine efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till S M Mathan
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Textor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette E Sköld
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Oncology and Pathology, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Inge Reinieren-Beeren
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom van Oorschot
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sonja I Buschow
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ghaith Bakdash
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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36
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Van Acker HH, Capsomidis A, Smits EL, Van Tendeloo VF. CD56 in the Immune System: More Than a Marker for Cytotoxicity? Front Immunol 2017; 8:892. [PMID: 28791027 PMCID: PMC5522883 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past years, the phenotypic and functional boundaries distinguishing the main cell subsets of the immune system have become increasingly blurred. In this respect, CD56 (also known as neural cell adhesion molecule) is a very good example. CD56 is the archetypal phenotypic marker of natural killer cells but can actually be expressed by many more immune cells, including alpha beta T cells, gamma delta T cells, dendritic cells, and monocytes. Common to all these CD56-expressing cell types are strong immunostimulatory effector functions, including T helper 1 cytokine production and an efficient cytotoxic capacity. Interestingly, both numerical and functional deficiencies and phenotypic alterations of the CD56+ immune cell fraction have been reported in patients with various infectious, autoimmune, or malignant diseases. In this review, we will discuss our current knowledge on the expression and function of CD56 in the hematopoietic system, both in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen H Van Acker
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Anna Capsomidis
- Cancer Section, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, United Kingdom
| | - Evelien L Smits
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viggo F Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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37
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Villani AC, Satija R, Reynolds G, Sarkizova S, Shekhar K, Fletcher J, Griesbeck M, Butler A, Zheng S, Lazo S, Jardine L, Dixon D, Stephenson E, Nilsson E, Grundberg I, McDonald D, Filby A, Li W, De Jager PL, Rozenblatt-Rosen O, Lane AA, Haniffa M, Regev A, Hacohen N. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals new types of human blood dendritic cells, monocytes, and progenitors. Science 2017; 356:eaah4573. [PMID: 28428369 PMCID: PMC5775029 DOI: 10.1126/science.aah4573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1531] [Impact Index Per Article: 218.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cells (DCs) and monocytes play a central role in pathogen sensing, phagocytosis, and antigen presentation and consist of multiple specialized subtypes. However, their identities and interrelationships are not fully understood. Using unbiased single-cell RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) of ~2400 cells, we identified six human DCs and four monocyte subtypes in human blood. Our study reveals a new DC subset that shares properties with plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) but potently activates T cells, thus redefining pDCs; a new subdivision within the CD1C+ subset of DCs; the relationship between blastic plasmacytoid DC neoplasia cells and healthy DCs; and circulating progenitor of conventional DCs (cDCs). Our revised taxonomy will enable more accurate functional and developmental analyses as well as immune monitoring in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra-Chloé Villani
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rahul Satija
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- New York Genome Center, New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary Reynolds
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - James Fletcher
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Morgane Griesbeck
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Andrew Butler
- New York Genome Center, New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Shiwei Zheng
- New York Genome Center, New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Suzan Lazo
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Jardine
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - David Dixon
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Emily Stephenson
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | | | | | - David McDonald
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Andrew Filby
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Weibo Li
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Program in Translational NeuroPsychiatric Genomics, Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | | | - Andrew A Lane
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Muzlifah Haniffa
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | - Aviv Regev
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Department of Biology and Koch Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD, USA
| | - Nir Hacohen
- Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Lippitsch A, Chukovetskyi Y, Baal N, Bein G, Hackstein H. Unique high and homogenous surface expression of the transferrin receptor CD71 on murine plasmacytoid dendritic cells in different tissues. Cell Immunol 2017; 316:41-52. [PMID: 28372797 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2017.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC) are of increasing interest in cancer vaccine development, but many functions of these highly specialized, multifaceted cells are poorly understood. The transferrin receptor CD71 has also been suggested to function as an antigen uptake receptor on professional antigen-presenting cells. In this study, we employed multiparameter flow cytometry to investigate CD71 expression on various leukocyte subsets, including DC subsets, granulocytes, macrophages, T and B lymphocytes, γδ T cells, and natural killer cells. Cells from various lymphoid and non-lymphoid murine tissues were analyzed using fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies. High CD71 expression (90-100%) was observed, uniquely on pDC amongst the leukocyte populations examined, in both lymphoid and non-lymphoid tissues, including other DC subsets. In contrast, CD71 expression on non-tissue pDC, in the bone marrow and peripheral blood, was reduced. The cause and function of this high tissue pDC-selective CD71 expression remain to be examined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Lippitsch
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuri Chukovetskyi
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Nelli Baal
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gregor Bein
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Holger Hackstein
- Institute for Clinical Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Biomedical Research Center Seltersberg (BFS), Schubertstrasse 81, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
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A short-term increase of the postoperative naturally circulating dendritic cells subsets in flurbiprofen-treated patients with esophageal carcinoma undergoing thoracic surgery. Oncotarget 2017; 7:18705-12. [PMID: 26959879 PMCID: PMC4951322 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.7669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study evaluated whether flurbiprofen increased the naturally circulating dendritic cells (DCs) subsets in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) undergoing esophageal resection. Compared to healthy donors (n=20), the significantly depressed percentages of plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs), CD1c+ myeloid DCs (mDCs), and CD141+ mDCs among ESCC patients (n=60) were confirmed. Flurbiprofen was administered before skin incision and at the end of operation in group F (n=30), as well as placebo in group C (n=30). The postoperative suppressed percentages of pDCs, CD1c+ mDCs, and CD141+ mDCs increased significantly following the perioperative treatment with flurbiprofen. Flurbiprofen also significantly stimulated the postoperative IFN-f and IL-17 production, but inhibited the immunosuppressive IL-10 and TGF-β levels. Furthermore, flurbiprofen exerted a similar analgesic effect and brought a significantly less sufentanil consumption compared to group C. Taken together, flurbiprofen provided a short-term increase of postoperative naturally circulating DCs in ESCC patients.
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Interferon-α-inducible Dendritic Cells Matured with OK-432 Exhibit TRAIL and Fas Ligand Pathway-mediated Killer Activity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:42145. [PMID: 28191816 PMCID: PMC5304184 DOI: 10.1038/srep42145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Active human dendritic cells (DCs), which efficiently induce immune responses through their functions as antigen-presenting cells, exhibit direct anti-tumour killing activity in response to some pathogens and cytokines. These antigen-presenting and tumour killing abilities may provide a breakthrough in cancer immunotherapy. However, the mechanisms underlying this killer DC activity have not been fully proven, despite the establishment of interferon-α (IFN-α)-generated killer DCs (IFN-DCs). Here mature IFN-DCs (mIFN-DCs), generated from IFN-DCs primed with OK-432 (streptococcal preparation), exhibited elevated expression of CD86 and human leukocyte antigen-DR (minimum criteria for DC vaccine clinical trials) as well as antigen-presenting abilities comparable with those of mature IL-4-DCs (mIL-4-DCs). Interestingly, the killing activity of mIFN-DCs, which correlated with the expression of CD56 (natural killer cell marker) and was activated via the tumour necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and Fas ligand pathway, was stronger than that of IFN-DCs and remarkably stronger than that of mIL-4-DCs. Therefore, mIFN-DCs exhibit great potential as an anti-cancer vaccine that would promote both acquired immunity and direct tumour killing.
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Achard C, Guillerme JB, Bruni D, Boisgerault N, Combredet C, Tangy F, Jouvenet N, Grégoire M, Fonteneau JF. Oncolytic measles virus induces tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-mediated cytotoxicity by human myeloid and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Oncoimmunology 2016; 6:e1261240. [PMID: 28197384 PMCID: PMC5283625 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2016.1261240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Attenuated measles virus (MV) is currently being evaluated in clinical trials as an oncolytic therapeutic agent. Originally used for its lytic activity against tumor cells, it is now admitted that the effectiveness of MV also lies in its ability to initiate antitumor immune responses through the activation of dendritic cells (DCs). In this study, we investigated the capacity of oncolytic MV to convert human blood myeloid CD1c+ DCs and plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) into cytotoxic effectors. We found that MV induces the expression of the cytotoxic protein TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on the surface of DCs. We demonstrate that the secretion of interferon-α (IFN-α) by DCs in response to MV is responsible for this TRAIL expression. Several types of PRRs (pattern recognition receptors) have been implicated in MV genome recognition, including RLRs (RIG-I-like receptors) and TLRs (Toll-like receptors). We showed that CD1c+ DCs secrete modest amounts of IFN-α and express TRAIL in an RLR-dependent manner upon exposure to MV. In pDCs, MV is recognized by RLRs and also by TLR7, leading to the secretion of high amounts of IFN-α and TRAIL expression. Finally, we showed that MV-stimulated DCs induce TRAIL-mediated cell death of Jurkat cells, confirming their acquisition of cytotoxic functions. Our results demonstrate that MV can activate cytotoxic myeloid CD1c+ DCs and pDCs, which may participate to the antitumor immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Achard
- INSERM, UMR892, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR6299, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Guillerme
- INSERM, UMR892, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR6299, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Daniela Bruni
- CNRS-UMR3569, Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Boisgerault
- INSERM, UMR892, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR6299, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Chantal Combredet
- CNRS-UMR3569, Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Frédéric Tangy
- CNRS-UMR3569, Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Nolwenn Jouvenet
- CNRS-UMR3569, Unité de Génomique Virale et Vaccination, Institut Pasteur , Paris, France
| | - Marc Grégoire
- INSERM, UMR892, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR6299, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Jean-François Fonteneau
- INSERM, UMR892, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; CNRS, UMR6299, Institut de Recherche en Santé de l'Université de Nantes, Nantes, France; Université de Nantes, Nantes, France
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Van Acker HH, Anguille S, Willemen Y, Van den Bergh JM, Berneman ZN, Lion E, Smits EL, Van Tendeloo VF. Interleukin-15 enhances the proliferation, stimulatory phenotype, and antitumor effector functions of human gamma delta T cells. J Hematol Oncol 2016; 9:101. [PMID: 27686372 PMCID: PMC5041439 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-016-0329-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Adoptive immunotherapy is gaining momentum to fight malignancies, whereby γδ T cells have received recent attention as an alternative cell source as to natural killer cells and αβ T cells. The advent of γδ T cells is largely due to their ability to recognize and target tumor cells using both innate characteristic and T cell receptor (TCR)-mediated mechanisms, their capacity to enhance the generation of antigen-specific T cell responses, and their potential to be used in an autologous or allogeneic setting. Methods In this study, we explored the beneficial effect of the immunostimulatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-15 on purified γδ T cells and its use as a stimulatory signal in the ex vivo expansion of γδ T cells for adoptive transfer. The expansion protocol was validated both with immune cells of healthy individuals and acute myeloid leukemia patients. Results We report that the addition of IL-15 to γδ T cell cultures results in a more activated phenotype, a higher proliferative capacity, a more pronounced T helper 1 polarization, and an increased cytotoxic capacity of γδ T cells. Moreover γδ T cell expansion starting with peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy individuals and acute myeloid leukemia patients is boosted in the presence of IL-15, whereby the antitumor properties of the γδ T cells are strengthened as well. Conclusions Our results support the rationale to explore the use of IL-15 in clinical adoptive therapy protocols exploiting γδ T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleen H Van Acker
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Sébastien Anguille
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Yannick Willemen
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Johan M Van den Bergh
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Eva Lion
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Evelien L Smits
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.,Center for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.,Center for Oncological Research (CORE), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Viggo F Van Tendeloo
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Tumor Immunology Group (TIGR), Vaccine and Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650, Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium
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Kolanowski STHM, van Schijndel GMW, van Ham SM, Ten Brinke A. Adaptation to replating of dendritic cells synergizes with Toll-like receptor stimuli and enhances the pro-inflammatory cytokine profile. Cytotherapy 2016; 18:902-10. [PMID: 27209277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2016.03.298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As initiators of the adaptive immune response, dendritic cells (DCs) can be used for anti-cancer immunotherapy. On addition of proper maturation stimuli DCs mature and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines that skew T cells in the direction needed for anti-cancer therapy. Further optimization of DC maturation might improve the efficacy of DCs for clinical application. We describe that replating and a subsequent resting period enhance the inflammatory properties of the DCs. METHODS Cultured immature monocyte-derived DCs were harvested and, after replating, were stimulated immediately or after 2 h of rest. Cytokine production was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Dynamics of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa b (NFκB) activation in DCs was analyzed using flow cytometry and imaging flow cytometry. RESULTS Resting immature DCs after replating, before addition of Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands, increased the production of pro-inflammatory but not anti-inflammatory cytokines. In addition, the speed of MAPK phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of NFκB was increased when DCs were allowed to rest before TLR stimulation. The effect was imprinted, transient and did not reflect a temporary loss of responsiveness, indicating that signaling induced by culture adaptation of DCs synergizes with TLR signals to increase cytokine production. DCs rested before TLR stimulation induced more interferon (IFN)-γ production in CD4-positive and CD8-positive T cells. CONCLUSION Introduction of a resting step in the DC maturation method, which is cheap and easy to implement, will improve the generation of pro-inflammatory DCs for cancer immunotherapy. These DCs enhanced Th1 polarization and IFN-γ production by CD8 T cells, both important hallmarks for the induction of efficient anti-cancer immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja T H M Kolanowski
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Division Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gijs M W van Schijndel
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Division Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Marieke van Ham
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Division Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja Ten Brinke
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Blood Supply, Division Research and Landsteiner Laboratory, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Saadeh D, Kurban M, Abbas O. Plasmacytoid dendritic cell role in cutaneous malignancies. J Dermatol Sci 2016; 83:3-9. [PMID: 27236509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Revised: 05/06/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) correspond to a specialized dendritic cell population that exhibit plasma cell morphology, express CD4, CD123, HLA-DR, blood-derived dendritic cell antigen-2 (BDCA-2), and Toll-like receptor (TLR)7 and TLR9 within endosomal compartments. Through their production of type I interferons (IFNs) and other pro-inflammatory cytokines, pDCs provide anti-viral resistance and link the innate and adaptive immunity by controlling the function of myeloid DCs, lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells. While lacking from normal skin, pDCs are usually recruited to the skin in several cutaneous pathologies where they appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of several infectious, inflammatory/autoimmune, and neoplastic entities. Among the latter group, pDCs have the potential to induce anti-tumour immunity; however, the complex interaction of pDCs with tumor cells and their micro-environment appears to contribute to immunologic tolerance. In this review, we aim at highlighting the role played by pDCs in cutaneous malignancies with special emphasis on the underlying mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Saadeh
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
| | - Mazen Kurban
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon
| | - Ossama Abbas
- Dermatology Department, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon.
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45
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Bol KF, Schreibelt G, Gerritsen WR, de Vries IJM, Figdor CG. Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy: State of the Art and Beyond. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 22:1897-906. [PMID: 27084743 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-15-1399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 258] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC) vaccination in cancer patients aims to induce or augment an effective antitumor immune response against tumor antigens and was first explored in a clinical trial in the 1990s. More than two decades later, numerous clinical trials have been performed or are ongoing with a wide variety of DC subsets, culture protocols, and treatment regimens. The safety of DC vaccination and its ability to induce antitumor responses have clearly been established; however, although scattered patients with long-term benefit were reported, DC vaccines have not yet fulfilled their promise, perhaps mainly due to the lack of large-scale well-conducted phase II/III trials. To allow meaningful multicenter phase III trials, the production of DC vaccines should be standardized between centers which is now becoming feasible. To improve the efficacy of DC-based immunotherapy, it could be combined with other treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalijn F Bol
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Gerty Schreibelt
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Winald R Gerritsen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - I Jolanda M de Vries
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands. Department of Medical Oncology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Carl G Figdor
- Department of Tumor Immunology, Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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Therapy-induced microenvironmental changes in cancer. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 94:497-508. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1401-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2015] [Revised: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Dillmann C, Ringel C, Ringleb J, Mora J, Olesch C, Fink AF, Roberts E, Brüne B, Weigert A. S1PR4 Signaling Attenuates ILT 7 Internalization To Limit IFN-α Production by Human Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 196:1579-90. [PMID: 26783340 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) produce large amounts of type I IFN in response to TLR7/9 ligands. This conveys antiviral effects, activates other immune cells (NK cells, conventional DCs, B, and T cells), and causes the induction and expansion of a strong inflammatory response. pDCs are key players in various type I IFN-driven autoimmune diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus or psoriasis, but pDCs are also involved in (anti-)tumor immunity. The sphingolipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signals through five G-protein-coupled receptors (S1PR1-5) to regulate, among other activities, immune cell migration and activation. The present study shows that S1P stimulation of human, primary pDCs substantially decreases IFN-α production after TLR7/9 activation with different types of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides or tick-borne encephalitis vaccine, which occurred in an S1PR4-dependent manner. Mechanistically, S1PR4 activation preserves the surface expression of the human pDC-specific inhibitory receptor Ig-like transcript 7. We provide novel information that Ig-like transcript 7 is rapidly internalized upon receptor-mediated endocytosis of TLR7/9 ligands to allow high IFN-α production. This is antagonized by S1PR4 signaling, thus decreasing TLR-induced IFN-α secretion. At a functional level, attenuated IFN-α production failed to alter Ag-driven T cell proliferation in pDC-dependent T cell activation assays, but shifted cytokine production of T cells from a Th1 (IFN-γ) to a regulatory (IL-10) profile. In conclusion, S1PR4 agonists block human pDC activation and may therefore be a promising tool to restrict pathogenic IFN-α production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Dillmann
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Christian Ringel
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Julia Ringleb
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Javier Mora
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Catherine Olesch
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Annika F Fink
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Edward Roberts
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037
| | - Bernhard Brüne
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
| | - Andreas Weigert
- Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany; and
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Primary Human Blood Dendritic Cells for Cancer Immunotherapy-Tailoring the Immune Response by Dendritic Cell Maturation. Biomedicines 2015; 3:282-303. [PMID: 28536413 PMCID: PMC5344227 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines3040282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell (DC)-based cancer vaccines hold the great promise of tipping the balance from tolerance of the tumor to rejection. In the last two decades, we have gained tremendous knowledge about DC-based cancer vaccines. The maturation of DCs has proven indispensable to induce immunogenic T cell responses. We review the insights gained from the development of maturation cocktails in monocyte derived DC-based trials. More recently, we have also gained insights into the functional specialization of primary human blood DC subsets. In peripheral human blood, we can distinguish at least three primary DC subsets, namely CD1c+ and CD141+ myeloid DCs and plasmacytoid DCs. We reflect the current knowledge on maturation and T helper polarization by these blood DC subsets in the context of DC-based cancer vaccines. The maturation stimulus in combination with the DC subset will determine the type of T cell response that is induced. First trials with these natural DCs underline their excellent in vivo functioning and mark them as promising tools for future vaccination strategies.
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O'Keeffe M, Mok WH, Radford KJ. Human dendritic cell subsets and function in health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2015; 72:4309-25. [PMID: 26243730 PMCID: PMC11113503 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-015-2005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Revised: 07/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The method of choice for the development of new vaccines is to target distinct dendritic cell subsets with antigen in vivo and to harness their function in situ to enhance cell-mediated immunity or induce tolerance to specific antigens. The innate functions of dendritic cells themselves may also be targeted by inhibitors or activators that would target a specific function such as interferon production, potentially important in autoimmune disease and chronic viral infections. Importantly targeting dendritic cells requires detailed knowledge of both the surface phenotype and function of each dendritic cell subset, including how they may respond to different types of vaccine adjuvants, their ability to produce soluble mediators and to process and present antigens and induce priming of naïve T cells. This review summarizes our knowledge of the functional attributes of the human dendritic cell subsets in the steady state and upon activation and their roles in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith O'Keeffe
- Centre for Biomedical Research, Burnet Institute, 85 Commercial Road, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Wai Hong Mok
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia
| | - Kristen J Radford
- Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Woolloongabba, QLD, 4012, Australia.
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Boichuk SV, Khaiboullina SF, Ramazanov BR, Khasanova GR, Ivanovskaya KA, Nizamutdinov EZ, Sharafutdinov MR, Martynova EV, DeMeirleir KL, Hulstaert J, Anokhin VA, Rizvanov AA, Lombardi VC. Gut-Associated Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Display an Immature Phenotype and Upregulated Granzyme B in Subjects with HIV/AIDS. Front Immunol 2015; 6:485. [PMID: 26441989 PMCID: PMC4585323 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2015.00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in the periphery of subjects with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) decrease over time, and the fate of these cells has been the subject of ongoing investigation. Previous studies using animal models as well as studies with humans suggest that these cells may redistribute to the gut. Other studies using animal models propose that the periphery pDCs are depleted and gut is repopulated with naive pDCs from the bone marrow. In the present study, we utilized immunohistochemistry to survey duodenum biopsies of subjects with HIV/AIDS and controls. We observed that subjects with HIV/AIDS had increased infiltration of Ki-67+/CD303+ pDCs, a phenotype consistent with bone marrow-derived pre-pDCs. In contrast, Ki-67+/CD303+ pDCs were not observed in control biopsies. We additionally observed that gut-associated pDCs in HIV/AIDS cases upregulate the proapoptotic enzyme granzyme B; however, no granzyme B was observed in the pDCs of control biopsies. Our data are consistent with reports in animal models that suggest periphery pDCs are depleted by exhaustion and that naive pDCs egress from the bone marrow and ultimately infiltrate the gut mucosa. Additionally, our observation of granzyme B upregulation in naive pDCs may identify a contributing factor to the gut pathology associated with HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Svetlana F Khaiboullina
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia ; Nevada Center for Biomedical Research , Reno, NV , USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ekaterina V Martynova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia
| | | | - Jan Hulstaert
- Department of Gastroenterology, General Hospital Jan Portaels , Vilvoorde , Belgium
| | | | - Albert A Rizvanov
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia
| | - Vincent C Lombardi
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University , Kazan , Russia ; Nevada Center for Biomedical Research , Reno, NV , USA ; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, University of Nevada , Reno, NV , USA
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