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Yu H, Zhang C, Pan H, Gao X, Wang X, Xiao W, Yan S, Gao Y, Fu J, Zhou Y. Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene enhances the sensitivity of airway epithelial cells to ferroptosis and aggravates asthma. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 363:142885. [PMID: 39025314 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter of aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm (PM2.5) exposure induces oxidative stress in lung tissues. Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death based on oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation. Whether PM2.5 exposure-induced oxidative stress can promote ferroptosis to aggravate asthma is not known. To investigate if PM2.5 exposure induces oxidative stress to promote ferroptosis and influence asthma development, a cockroach extract-induced asthma model in mice was used for in vivo studies. Airway epithelial cell (AEC) ferroptosis was detected by assays (CCK8, malonaldehyde, and 4-hydroxynonenal). Molecular mechanisms were investigated by real-time reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction, western blotting, flow cytometry, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and chromatin immunoprecipitation. We found that exposure to PM2.5 and Indeno[1,2,3-cd] pyrene (IP; one of the prominent absorbed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in PM2.5) enhanced the sensitivity of AECs to ferroptosis to aggravate asthma, whereas ferroptosis inhibitors and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) inhibitors reversed this augmented inflammatory response in mice suffering from asthma. IP treatment enhanced cPLA2 expression/activation through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) genomic and non-genomic pathways, resulting in arachidonic-acid release to promote the sensitivity of AECs to ferroptosis. IP exposure enhanced the release of leukotriene-B4 from lung macrophages, resulting in enhanced expression of acyl-coA synthetase long chain family member4 (ACSL4) and the sensitivity of AECs to ferroptosis. This finding suggests that exposure to PM2.5 and IP promote ferroptosis sensitivity in AECs to aggravate asthma, which may provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmiao Yu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyan Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongguang Pan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Gao
- Department of Experimental Surgery, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenfeng Xiao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shang Yan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Yajing Gao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Fu
- Department of General Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Children's Medical Center, and the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenetics, International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism, Ministry of Science and Technology, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China; National Health Commission (NHC) Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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2
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Jia Y, Li X, Chen L, Li L, Zhang S, Huang W, Zhang H. AHR signaling pathway mediates mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation which leads to cytarabine resistance. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024; 56:597-606. [PMID: 38404179 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has been identified as a significant driver of tumorigenesis. However, its clinical significance in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains largely unclear. In this study, RNA-Seq data from AML patients (bone marrow samples from 173 newly diagnosed AML patients) obtained from the TCGA database, and normal human RNA-Seq data (bone marrow samples from 70 healthy individuals) obtained from the GTEX database are downloaded for external validation and complementarity. The data analysis reveals that the AHR signaling pathway is activated in AML patients. Furthermore, there is a correlation between the expressions of AHR and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation genes. In vitro experiments show that enhancing AHR expression in AML cells increases mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and induces resistance to cytarabine. Conversely, reducing AHR expression in AML cells decreases cytarabine resistance. These findings deepen our understanding of the AHR signaling pathway's involvement in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
- Shangdong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China
| | - Xiyu Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Lulu Chen
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Suzhen Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Wenhui Huang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272000, China
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3
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Zelante T, Paolicelli G, Fallarino F, Gargaro M, Vascelli G, De Zuani M, Fric J, Laznickova P, Kohoutkova MH, Macchiarulo A, Dolciami D, Pieraccini G, Gaetani L, Scalisi G, Trevisan C, Frossi B, Pucillo C, De Luca A, Nunzi E, Spaccapelo R, Pariano M, Borghi M, Boscaro F, Romoli R, Mancini A, Gentili L, Renga G, Costantini C, Puccetti M, Giovagnoli S, Ricci M, Antonini M, Calabresi P, Puccetti P, Di Filippo M, Romani L. A microbially produced AhR ligand promotes a Tph1-driven tolerogenic program in multiple sclerosis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6651. [PMID: 38509264 PMCID: PMC10954611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57400-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis is a debilitating autoimmune disease, characterized by chronic inflammation of the central nervous system. While the significance of the gut microbiome on multiple sclerosis pathogenesis is established, the underlining mechanisms are unknown. We found that serum levels of the microbial postbiotic tryptophan metabolite indole-3-carboxaldehyde (3-IAld) inversely correlated with disease duration in multiple sclerosis patients. Much like the host-derived tryptophan derivative L-Kynurenine, 3-IAld would bind and activate the Aryl hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR), which, in turn, controls endogenous tryptophan catabolic pathways. As a result, in peripheral lymph nodes, microbial 3-IAld, affected mast-cell tryptophan metabolism, forcing mast cells to produce serotonin via Tph1. We thus propose a protective role for AhR-mast-cell activation driven by the microbiome, whereby natural metabolites or postbiotics will have a physiological role in immune homeostasis and may act as therapeutic targets in autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Zelante
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy.
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology, (CIB), 34149, Trieste, Italy.
| | - Giuseppe Paolicelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Fallarino
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco Gargaro
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Vascelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Marco De Zuani
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Fric
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 2094/1, 128 20, Prague, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Laznickova
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marcela Hortova Kohoutkova
- International Clinical Research Centre, St. Anne's University Hospital Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- International Clinical Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Antonio Macchiarulo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Daniela Dolciami
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pieraccini
- Mass Spectrometry Center (CISM), University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Gaetani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giulia Scalisi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Caterina Trevisan
- Department of Medical and Biological Science, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Barbara Frossi
- Department of Medical and Biological Science, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Carlo Pucillo
- Department of Medical and Biological Science, University of Udine, 33100, Udine, Italy
| | - Antonella De Luca
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Emilia Nunzi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics, C.U.R.Ge.F, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberta Spaccapelo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics, C.U.R.Ge.F, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Interuniversity Consortium for Biotechnology, (CIB), 34149, Trieste, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Monica Borghi
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Francesca Boscaro
- Mass Spectrometry Center (CISM), University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Riccardo Romoli
- Mass Spectrometry Center (CISM), University of Florence, 50139, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Mancini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lucia Gentili
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giorgia Renga
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Matteo Puccetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Martina Antonini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Paolo Calabresi
- Unità di Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Puccetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics, C.U.R.Ge.F, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimiliano Di Filippo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Piazza Lucio Severi, 1, 06132, Perugia, Italy
- Center of Functional Genomics, C.U.R.Ge.F, University of Perugia, 06132, Perugia, Italy
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4
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Steidemann MM, Liu J, Bayes K, Castro LP, Ferguson-Miller S, LaPres JJ. Evidence for crosstalk between the aryl hydrocarbon receptor and the translocator protein in mouse lung epithelial cells. Exp Cell Res 2023; 429:113617. [PMID: 37172753 PMCID: PMC10330775 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Cellular homeostasis requires the use of multiple environmental sensors that can respond to a variety of endogenous and exogenous compounds. The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is classically known as a transcription factor that induces genes that encode drug metabolizing enzymes when bound to toxicants such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-ρ-dioxin (TCDD). The receptor has a growing number of putative endogenous ligands, such as tryptophan, cholesterol, and heme metabolites. Many of these compounds are also linked to the translocator protein (TSPO), an outer mitochondrial membrane protein. Given a portion of the cellular pool of the AHR has also been localized to mitochondria and the overlap in putative ligands, we tested the hypothesis that crosstalk exists between the two proteins. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to create knockouts for AHR and TSPO in a mouse lung epithelial cell line (MLE-12). WT, AHR-/-, and TSPO-/- cells were then exposed to AHR ligand (TCDD), TSPO ligand (PK11195), or both and RNA-seq was performed. More mitochondrial-related genes were altered by loss of both AHR and TSPO than would have been expected just by chance. Some of the genes altered included those that encode for components of the electron transport system and the mitochondrial calcium uniporter. Both proteins altered the activity of the other as AHR loss caused the increase of TSPO at both the mRNA and protein level and loss of TSPO significantly increased the expression of classic AHR battery genes after TCDD treatment. This research provides evidence that AHR and TSPO participate in similar pathways that contribute to mitochondrial homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle M Steidemann
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Kalin Bayes
- Department of Integrative Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - Lizbeth P Castro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, United States
| | - Shelagh Ferguson-Miller
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States
| | - John J LaPres
- Institute for Integrative Toxicology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, United States.
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5
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Nguyen PT, Nakamura Y, Tran NQV, Ishimaru K, Nguyen TA, Kobayashi Y, Watanabe-Saito F, Okuda T, Nakano N, Nakao A. Ethyl Caffeate Can Inhibit Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (AhR) Signaling and AhR-Mediated Potentiation of Mast Cell Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:9997. [PMID: 37373144 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24129997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethyl caffeate (EC) is a natural phenolic compound that is present in several medicinal plants used to treat inflammatory disorders. However, its anti-inflammatory mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, we report that EC inhibits aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling and that this is associated with its anti-allergic activity. EC inhibited AhR activation, induced by the AhR ligands FICZ and DHNA in AhR signaling-reporter cells and mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs), as assessed by AhR target gene expressions such as CYP1A1. EC also inhibited the FICZ-induced downregulation of AhR expression and DHNA-induced IL-6 production in BMMCs. Furthermore, the pretreatment of mice with orally administered EC inhibited DHNA-induced CYP1A1 expression in the intestine. Notably, both EC and CH-223191, a well-established AhR antagonist, inhibited IgE-mediated degranulation in BMMCs grown in a cell culture medium containing significant amounts of AhR ligands. Furthermore, oral administration of EC or CH-223191 to mice inhibited the PCA reaction associated with the suppression of constitutive CYP1A1 expression within the skin. Collectively, EC inhibited AhR signaling and AhR-mediated potentiation of mast cell activation due to the intrinsic AhR activity in both the culture medium and normal mouse skin. Given the AhR control of inflammation, these findings suggest a novel mechanism for the anti-inflammatory activity of EC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuc-Tan Nguyen
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakamura
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Nguyen Quoc Vuong Tran
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Kayoko Ishimaru
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Thuy-An Nguyen
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kobayashi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
| | - Fumie Watanabe-Saito
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-0005, Japan
| | - Tohru Okuda
- The Institute of Enology and Viticulture, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 400-0005, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Nakano
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Atsuhito Nakao
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
- Atopy Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
- Yamanashi GLIA Center, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan
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6
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Atiakshin D, Kostin A, Volodkin A, Nazarova A, Shishkina V, Esaulenko D, Buchwalow I, Tiemann M, Noda M. Mast Cells as a Potential Target of Molecular Hydrogen in Regulating the Local Tissue Microenvironment. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:817. [PMID: 37375765 DOI: 10.3390/ph16060817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of the biological effects of molecular hydrogen (H2), hydrogen gas, is constantly advancing, giving a reason for the optimism in several healthcare practitioners regarding the management of multiple diseases, including socially significant ones (malignant neoplasms, diabetes mellitus, viral hepatitis, mental and behavioral disorders). However, mechanisms underlying the biological effects of H2 are still being actively debated. In this review, we focus on mast cells as a potential target for H2 at the specific tissue microenvironment level. H2 regulates the processing of pro-inflammatory components of the mast cell secretome and their entry into the extracellular matrix; this can significantly affect the capacity of the integrated-buffer metabolism and the structure of the immune landscape of the local tissue microenvironment. The analysis performed highlights several potential mechanisms for developing the biological effects of H2 and offers great opportunities for translating the obtained findings into clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri Atiakshin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Andrey Kostin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem Volodkin
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Nazarova
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Viktoriya Shishkina
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Dmitry Esaulenko
- Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine, Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University, 394036 Voronezh, Russia
| | - Igor Buchwalow
- Research and Educational Resource Center for Immunophenotyping, Digital Spatial Profiling and Ultrastructural Analysis Innovative Technologies, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia Named after Patrice Lumumba, 117198 Moscow, Russia
- Institute for Hematopathology, Fangdieckstr. 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Tiemann
- Institute for Hematopathology, Fangdieckstr. 75a, 22547 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mami Noda
- Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 816-0811, Japan
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7
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Wu CC, Wang CC, Chung WY, Sheu CC, Yang YH, Cheng MY, Lai RS, Leung SY, Lin CC, Wei YF, Lin CH, Lin SH, Hsu JY, Huang WC, Tseng CC, Lai YF, Cheng MH, Chen HC, Yang CJ, Hsu SC, Su CH, Wang CJ, Liu HJ, Chen HL, Hsu YT, Hung CH, Lee CL, Huang MS, Huang SK. Environmental risks and sphingolipid signatures in adult asthma and its phenotypic clusters: a multicentre study. Thorax 2023; 78:225-232. [PMID: 35710744 DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2021-218396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adult asthma is phenotypically heterogeneous with unclear aetiology. We aimed to evaluate the potential contribution of environmental exposure and its ensuing response to asthma and its heterogeneity. METHODS Environmental risk was evaluated by assessing the records of National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) and residence-based air pollution (particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 micrometers (PM2.5) and PM2.5-bound polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs)), integrating biomonitoring analysis of environmental pollutants, inflammatory markers and sphingolipid metabolites in case-control populations with mass spectrometry and ELISA. Phenotypic clustering was evaluated by t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE) integrating 18 clinical and demographic variables. FINDINGS In the NHIRD dataset, modest increase in the relative risk with time-lag effect for emergency (N=209 837) and outpatient visits (N=638 538) was observed with increasing levels of PM2.5 and PAHs. Biomonitoring analysis revealed a panel of metals and organic pollutants, particularly metal Ni and PAH, posing a significant risk for current asthma (ORs=1.28-3.48) and its severity, correlating with the level of oxidative stress markers, notably Nε-(hexanoyl)-lysine (r=0.108-0.311, p<0.05), but not with the accumulated levels of PM2.5 exposure. Further, levels of circulating sphingosine-1-phosphate and ceramide-1-phosphate were found to discriminate asthma (p<0.001 and p<0.05, respectively), correlating with the levels of PAH (r=0.196, p<0.01) and metal exposure (r=0.202-0.323, p<0.05), respectively, and both correlating with circulating inflammatory markers (r=0.186-0.427, p<0.01). Analysis of six phenotypic clusters and those cases with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) revealed cluster-selective environmental risks and biosignatures. INTERPRETATION These results suggest the potential contribution of environmental factors from multiple sources, their ensuing oxidative stress and sphingolipid remodeling to adult asthma and its phenotypic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Chien Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chou Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Yu Chung
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Hsin Yang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | | | - Ruay-Sheng Lai
- Division of Chest Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sum-Yee Leung
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Antai Medical Care Corp Antai Tian Sheng Memorial Hospital, Pingtung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiung Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.,Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Yuan Hsu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chang Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Cheng Tseng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Kaohsiung Branch, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Fa Lai
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Hsuan Cheng
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Chi Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Jen Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chang Hsu
- Emergency Department, Taipei Municipal Wan-Fang Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Emergency, Taipei Medical University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chian-Heng Su
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Huei-Ju Liu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ling Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Ting Hsu
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan .,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Lin Lee
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan .,Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Maioli, Taiwan .,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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8
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Liu Y, Yuan Q, Zhang X, Chen Z, Jia X, Wang M, Xu T, Wang Z, Jiang J, Ma Q, Zhang M, Huang M, Ji N. Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) induces inhibitory memory alveolar macrophages through the AhR/IL-33 pathway. Cell Immunol 2023; 386:104694. [PMID: 36871457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2023.104694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations have decreased in the past decade. The adverse effects of acute PM2.5 exposure on respiratory diseases have been well recognized. To explore the long-term effects of PM2.5 exposure on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), mice were exposed to PM2.5 for 7 days and rest for 21 days, followed by challenges with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and porcine pancreatic elastase (PPE). Unexpectedly, PM2.5 exposure and rest alleviated the disease severity and airway inflammatory responses in COPD-like mice. Although acute PM2.5 exposure increased airway inflammation, rest for 21 days reversed the airway inflammatory responses, which was associated with the induction of inhibitory memory alveolar macrophages (AMs). Similarly, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in PM2.5 exposure and rest decreased pulmonary inflammation, accompanied by inhibitory memory AMs. Once AMs were depleted, pulmonary inflammation was aggravated. PAHs in PM2.5 promoted the secretion of IL-33 from airway epithelial cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)/ARNT pathway. High-throughput mRNA sequencing revealed that PM2.5 exposure and rest drastically changed the mRNA profiles in AMs, which was largely rescued in IL-33-/- mice. Collectively, our results indicate that PM2.5 may mitigate pulmonary inflammation, which is mediated by inhibitory trained AMs via IL-33 production from epithelial cells through the AhR/ARNT pathway. We provide the rationale that PM2.5 plays complicated roles in respiratory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China; Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qi Yuan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xijie Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhongqi Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xinyu Jia
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Min Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zhengxia Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jingxian Jiang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Qiyun Ma
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Mingshun Zhang
- NHC Key Laboratory of Antibody Technique, Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Ningfei Ji
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
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9
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Riaz F, Pan F, Wei P. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor: The master regulator of immune responses in allergic diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1057555. [PMID: 36601108 PMCID: PMC9806217 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1057555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a widely studied ligand-activated cytosolic transcriptional factor that has been associated with the initiation and progression of various diseases, including autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and allergies. Generally, AhR responds and binds to environmental toxins/ligands, dietary ligands, and allergens to regulate toxicological, biological, cellular responses. In a canonical signaling manner, activation of AhR is responsible for the increase in cytochrome P450 enzymes which help individuals to degrade and metabolize these environmental toxins and ligands. However, canonical signaling cannot be applied to all the effects mediated by AhR. Recent findings indicate that activation of AhR signaling also interacts with some non-canonical factors like Kruppel-like-factor-6 (KLF6) or estrogen-receptor-alpha (Erα) to affect the expression of downstream genes. Meanwhile, enormous research has been conducted to evaluate the effect of AhR signaling on innate and adaptive immunity. It has been shown that AhR exerts numerous effects on mast cells, B cells, macrophages, antigen-presenting cells (APCs), Th1/Th2 cell balance, Th17, and regulatory T cells, thus, playing a significant role in allergens-induced diseases. This review discussed how AhR mediates immune responses in allergic diseases. Meanwhile, we believe that understanding the role of AhR in immune responses will enhance our knowledge of AhR-mediated immune regulation in allergic diseases. Also, it will help researchers to understand the role of AhR in regulating immune responses in autoimmune diseases, cancers, metabolic syndromes, and infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Riaz
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China
| | - Fan Pan
- Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
| | - Ping Wei
- Department of Otolaryngology, Children’s Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Translational Medical Research in Cognitive Development and Learning and Memory Disorders, Chongqing, China,*Correspondence: Ping Wei, ; Fan Pan,
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10
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Yu YY, Jin H, Lu Q. Effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons on immunity. J Transl Autoimmun 2022; 5:100177. [PMID: 36561540 PMCID: PMC9763510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2022.100177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nearly a quarter of the total number of deaths in the world are caused by unhealthy living or working environments. Therefore, we consider it significant to introduce the effect of a widely distributed component of air/water/food-source contaminants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), on the human body, especially on immunity in this review. PAHs are a large class of organic compounds containing two or more benzene rings. PAH exposure could occur in most people through breath, smoke, food, and direct skin contact, resulting in both cellular immunosuppression and humoral immunosuppression. PAHs usually lead to the exacerbation of autoimmune diseases by regulating the balance of T helper cell 17 and regulatory T cells, and promoting type 2 immunity. However, the receptor of PAHs, aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), appears to exhibit duality in the immune response, which seems to explain some seemingly opposite experimental results. In addition, PAH exposure was also able to exacerbate allergic reactions and regulate monocytes to a certain extent. The specific regulation mechanisms of immune system include the assistance of AhR, the activation of the CYP-ROS axis, the recruitment of intracellular calcium, and some epigenetic mechanisms. This review aims to summarize our current understanding on the impact of PAHs in the immune system and some related diseases such as cancer, autoimmune diseases (rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis, and systemic lupus erythematosus), and allergic diseases (asthma and atopic dermatitis). Finally, we also propose future research directions for the prevention or treatment on environmental induced diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-yiyi Yu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China,Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China,Corresponding author. Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Qianjin Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China,Research Unit of Key Technologies of Immune-related Skin Diseases Diagnosis and Treatment, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (2019RU027), Changsha, China,Institute of Dermatology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China,Key Laboratory of Basic and Translational Research on Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanjing, China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China,Corresponding author. Department of Dermatology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Epigenomics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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11
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Wu J, Pang T, Lin Z, Zhao M, Jin H. The key player in the pathogenesis of environmental influence of systemic lupus erythematosus: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:965941. [PMID: 36110860 PMCID: PMC9468923 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor was previously known as an environmental receptor that modulates the cellular response to external environmental changes. In essence, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor is a cytoplasmic receptor and transcription factor that is activated by binding to the corresponding ligands, and they transmit relevant information by binding to DNA, thereby activating the transcription of various genes. Therefore, we can understand the development of certain diseases and discover new therapeutic targets by studying the regulation and function of AhR. Several autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), have been connected to AhR in previous studies. SLE is a classic autoimmune disease characterized by multi-organ damage and disruption of immune tolerance. We discuss here the homeostatic regulation of AhR and its ligands among various types of immune cells, pathophysiological roles, in addition to the roles of various related cytokines and signaling pathways in the occurrence and development of SLE.
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12
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Wang J, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Tu W, Wan R, Shen Y, Zhang Y, Trivedi R, Gao P. Type II alveolar epithelial cell aryl hydrocarbon receptor protects against allergic airway inflammation through controlling cell autophagy. Front Immunol 2022; 13:964575. [PMID: 35935956 PMCID: PMC9355649 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.964575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a ligand-activated transcription factor, has been considered as an important regulator for immune diseases. We have previously shown that AhR protects against allergic airway inflammation. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Objectives We sought to determine whether AhR specifically in type II alveolar epithelial cells (AT2) modulates allergic airway inflammation and its underlying mechanisms. Methods The role of AhR in AT2 cells in airway inflammation was investigated in a mouse model of asthma with AhR conditional knockout mice in AT2 cells (Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f ). The effect of AhR on allergen-induced autophagy was examined by both in vivo and in vitro analyses. The involvement of autophagy in airway inflammation was analyzed by using autophagy inhibitor chloroquine. The AhR-regulated gene profiling in AT2 cells was also investigated by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis. Results Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f mice showed exacerbation of allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation with elevated Th2 cytokines in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Notably, an increased allergen-induced autophagy was observed in the lung tissues of Sftpc-Cre;AhRf/f mice when compared with wild-type mice. Further analyses suggested a functional axis of AhR-TGF-β1 that is critical in driving allergic airway inflammation through regulating allergen-induced cellular autophagy. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy with autophagy inhibitor chloroquine significantly suppressed cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation, Th2 cytokines in BALFs, and expression of autophagy-related genes LC3 and Atg5 in the lung tissues. In addition, RNA-seq analysis suggests that autophagy is one of the major pathways and that CALCOCO2/NDP52 and S1009 are major autophagy-associated genes in AT2 cells that may contribute to the AhR-mediated cockroach allergen-induced airway inflammation and, subsequently, allergic asthma. Conclusion These results suggest that AhR in AT2 cells functions as a protective mechanism against allergic airway inflammation through controlling cell autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Wang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respirology and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Rongjun Wan
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yan Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ruchik Trivedi
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States,*Correspondence: Peisong Gao,
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13
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Luo X, Chen J, Yang H, Hu X, Alphonse MP, Shen Y, Kawakami Y, Zhou X, Tu W, Kawakami T, Wan M, Archer NK, Wang H, Gao P. Dendritic cell immunoreceptor drives atopic dermatitis by modulating oxidized CaMKII-involved mast cell activation. JCI Insight 2022; 7:152559. [PMID: 35113811 PMCID: PMC8983143 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.152559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Allergens have been identified as potential triggers in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). AD patients are highly sensitive to cockroach allergen. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Here, we established a cockroach allergen-induced AD-like mouse model and demonstrated that repeated exposure to cockroach allergen led to aggravated mouse skin inflammation, characterized by increased type 2 immunity, type 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s), and mast cells. Increased skin mast cells were also observed in AD patients. AD mice with mast cell-deficient mice (kitW-sh/W-sh) showed diminished skin inflammation, suggesting that mast cells are required in allergen-induced skin inflammation. Furthermore, dendritic cell immuno-receptor (DCIR) is up-regulated in skin mast cells of AD patients and mediates allergen binding and uptake. DCIR-/- mice or reconstituted kitW-sh/W-sh mice with DCIR-/- mast cells showed a significant reduction in AD-like inflammation. Both in vitro and in vivo analyses demonstrated that DCIR-/- mast cells had reduced IgE-mediated mast cell activation and passive cutaneous anaphylaxis. Mechanistically, DCIR regulates allergen-induced IgE-mediated mast cell ROS generation and oxidation of calmodulin kinase II (ox-CaMKII). ROS-resistant CaMKII (MM-VVδ) prevents allergen-induced mast cell activation and inflammatory mediator release. Our study reveals a previously unrecognized DCIR-ROS-CaMKII axis that controls allergen-induced mast cell activation and AD-like inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Luo
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jingsi Chen
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Yang
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyue Hu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Martin P Alphonse
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Yuko Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, United States of America
| | - Xiaoying Zhou
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, United States of America
| | - Mei Wan
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Nathan K Archer
- Department of Dermatology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Hua Wang
- Pediatric Dermatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, United States of America
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14
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Hu X, Shen Y, Zhao Y, Wang J, Zhang X, Tu W, Kaufman W, Feng J, Gao P. Epithelial Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Protects From Mucus Production by Inhibiting ROS-Triggered NLRP3 Inflammasome in Asthma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:767508. [PMID: 34868022 PMCID: PMC8634667 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.767508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite long-standing recognition in the significance of mucus overproduction in asthma, its etiology remains poorly understood. Muc5ac is a secretory mucin that has been associated with reduced pulmonary function and asthma exacerbations. Objectives We sought to investigate the immunological pathway that controls Muc5ac expression and allergic airway inflammation in asthma. Methods Cockroach allergen-induced Muc5ac expression and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling activation was examined in the human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and mouse model of asthma. AhR regulation of Muc5ac expression, mitochondrial ROS (Mito-ROS) generation, and NLRP3 inflammasome was determined by AhR knockdown, the antagonist CH223191, and AhR-/- mice. The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in Muc5ac expression and airway inflammation was also investigated. Results Cockroach allergen induced Muc5ac overexpression in HBECs and airways of asthma mouse model. Increased expression of AhR and its downstream genes CYP1A1 and CYP1B1 was also observed. Mice with AhR deletion showed increased allergic airway inflammation and MUC5AC expression. Moreover, cockroach allergen induced epithelial NLRP3 inflammasome activation (e.g., NLRP3, Caspase-1, and IL-1β), which was enhanced by AhR knockdown or the antagonist CH223191. Furthermore, AhR deletion in HBECs led to enhanced ROS generation, particularly Mito-ROS, and inhibition of ROS or Mito-ROS subsequently suppressed the inflammasome activation. Importantly, inhibition of the inflammasome with MCC950, a NLRP3-specifc inhibitor, attenuated allergic airway inflammation and Muc5ac expression. IL-1β generated by the activated inflammasomes mediated cockroach allergen-induced Muc5ac expression in HBECs. Conclusions These results reveal a previously unidentified functional axis of AhR-ROS-NLRP3 inflammasome in regulating Muc5ac expression and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Hu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yingchun Shen
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Ji Wang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Respirology & Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - William Kaufman
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Juntao Feng
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
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15
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Jia Y, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Shi L, Fang Y, Chang C. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling pathway plays important roles in the proliferative and metabolic properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:1428-1439. [PMID: 34508548 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BMMSCs) are widely sourced and easily amplified in vitro; thus, they have a great potential in the treatment of hemopathies. Recent findings suggested that BMMSCs express the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). However, few studies have reported on the regulation of proliferative behaviors and metabolism by AHR in BMMSCs. In the present study, we found that activating AHR reduced the proliferation of BMMSCs and enhanced their mitochondrial function, whereas inhibiting AHR exerted the opposite effects. This study may provide the basis for further unveiling the molecular mechanisms and therapeutic potential of AHR in BMMSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Youshan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chunkang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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16
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Michaeloudes C, Abubakar-Waziri H, Lakhdar R, Raby K, Dixey P, Adcock IM, Mumby S, Bhavsar PK, Chung KF. Molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress in asthma. Mol Aspects Med 2021; 85:101026. [PMID: 34625291 DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The lungs are exposed to reactive oxygen species oxygen (ROS) produced as a result of inhalation of oxygen, as well as smoke and other air pollutants. Cell metabolism and the NADPH oxidases (Nox) generate low levels of intracellular ROS that act as signal transduction mediators by inducing oxidative modifications of histones, enzymes and transcription factors. Redox signalling is also regulated by localised production and sensing of ROS in mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and inside the nucleus. Intracellular ROS are maintained at low levels through the action of a battery of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants. Asthma is a heterogeneous airway inflammatory disease with different immune endotypes; these include atopic or non-atopic Th2 type immune response associated with eosinophilia, or a non-Th2 response associated with neutrophilia. Airway remodelling and hyperresponsiveness accompany the inflammatory response in asthma. Over-production of ROS resulting from infiltrating immune cells, particularly eosinophils and neutrophils, and a concomitant impairment of antioxidant responses lead to development of oxidative stress in asthma. Oxidative stress is augmented in severe asthma and during exacerbations, as well as by air pollution and obesity, and causes oxidative damage of tissues promoting airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness. Furthermore, deregulated Nox activity, mitochondrial dysfunction, ER stress and/or oxidative DNA damage, resulting from exposure to irritants, inflammatory mediators or obesity, may lead to redox-dependent changes in cell signalling. ROS play a central role in airway epithelium-mediated sensing, development of innate and adaptive immune responses, and airway remodelling and hyperresponsiveness. Nonetheless, antioxidant compounds have proven clinically ineffective as therapeutic agents for asthma, partly due to issues with stability and in vivo metabolism of these compounds. The compartmentalised nature of ROS production and sensing, and the role of ROS in homeostatic responses and in the action of corticosteroids and β2-adrenergic receptor agonists, adds another layer of complexity to antioxidant therapy development. Nox inhibitors and mitochondrial-targeted antioxidants are in clinical development for a number of diseases but they have not yet been investigated in asthma. A better understanding of the complex role of ROS in the pathogenesis of asthma will highlight new opportunities for more targeted and effective redox therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charalambos Michaeloudes
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom.
| | - Hisham Abubakar-Waziri
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Ramzi Lakhdar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Katie Raby
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Piers Dixey
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Ian M Adcock
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Sharon Mumby
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Pankaj K Bhavsar
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom; NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, United Kingdom; Royal Brompton & Harefield NHS Trust, London, UK
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17
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Cildir G, Yip KH, Pant H, Tergaonkar V, Lopez AF, Tumes DJ. Understanding mast cell heterogeneity at single cell resolution. Trends Immunol 2021; 42:523-535. [PMID: 33962887 DOI: 10.1016/j.it.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MC)s are evolutionarily conserved, tissue-resident immune cells with diverse roles in allergy, cancer, and protection from infection by helminths and microorganisms. The significant diversity in MC development and tissue-specific functional characteristics has recently begun to be understood. Exciting developments in single-cell-based RNA, protein, and chromatin profiling technologies offer new opportunities to characterize MC heterogeneity and to uncover novel MC functions and subtypes; these developments might lead to new and clinically effective therapies for certain pathologies. In this review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of MC development and heterogeneity and discuss new insights gained from single-cell-based studies that may lead to future research directions and therapeutic opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
| | - Kwok Ho Yip
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; Laboratory of NF-κB Signaling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Proteos, Singapore 138673, Singapore; Department of Pathology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia
| | - Damon J Tumes
- Centre for Cancer Biology, SA Pathology and the University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia.
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18
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Wang E, Tu W, Do DC, Xiao X, Bhatti SB, Yang L, Sun X, Xu D, Yang P, Huang SK, Gao P, Liu Z. Benzo(a)pyrene Enhanced Dermatophagoides Group 1 (Der f 1)-Induced TGFβ1 Signaling Activation Through the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-RhoA Axis in Asthma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:643260. [PMID: 33936062 PMCID: PMC8081905 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.643260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) co-exposure with dermatophagoides group 1 allergen (Der f 1) can potentiate Der f 1-induced airway inflammation. The underlying mechanism, however, remains undetermined. Here we investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the potentiation of BaP exposure on Der f 1-induced airway inflammation in asthma. We found that BaP co-exposure potentiated Der f 1-induced TGFβ1 secretion and signaling activation in human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) and the airways of asthma mouse model. Moreover, BaP exposure alone or co-exposure with Der f 1-induced aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) activity was determined by using an AhR-dioxin-responsive element reporter plasmid. The BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation were attenuated by either AhR antagonist CH223191 or AhR knockdown in HBECs. Furthermore, AhR knockdown led to the reduction of BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced active RhoA. Inhibition of RhoA signaling with fasudil, a RhoA/ROCK inhibitor, suppressed BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation. This was further confirmed in HBECs expressing constitutively active RhoA (RhoA-L63) or dominant-negative RhoA (RhoA-N19). Luciferase reporter assays showed prominently increased promoter activities for the AhR binding sites in the promoter region of RhoA. Inhibition of RhoA suppressed BaP and Der f 1 co-exposure-induced airway hyper-responsiveness, Th2-associated airway inflammation, and TGFβ1 signaling activation in asthma. Our studies reveal a previously unidentified functional axis of AhR–RhoA in regulating TGFβ1 expression and signaling activation, representing a potential therapeutic target for allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryi Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wei Tu
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Danh C Do
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Xiaojun Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shehar B Bhatti
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Liteng Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xizhuo Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Damo Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Pingchang Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.,National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Peisong Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Zhigang Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Allergy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Allergy and Immunology, Shenzhen University School of Medicine, Shenzhen, China
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19
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Jia Y, Guo J, Zhao Y, Zhang Z, Shi L, Fang Y, Wu D, Wu L, Chang C. AHR signaling pathway reshapes the metabolism of AML/MDS cells and potentially leads to cytarabine resistance. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2021; 53:492-500. [PMID: 33709099 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests that aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) promotes the initiation, invasion, progression, and metastasis of cancer cells. However, its effects in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome/acute myeloid leukemia (MDS/AML) remain undefined. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of AHR activation on malignant cells in patients with MDS/AML. We found that AHR was expressed aberrantly in patients with MDS/AML. Further studies demonstrated that inhibiting AHR decreased the mitochondrial dehydrogenase content and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) in MDS/AML cells. Activating AHR with L-kynurenine (Kyn) increased AHR expression, which was accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial dehydrogenase content and MMP in MDS/AML cells. Moreover, the expression level of mitochondria-associated mitochondrial transcription factor A was increased after activating AHR with L-Kyn when compared with that in the control group but decreased after inhibiting the AHR signal. Activating AHR in MDS/AML cells enhanced the resistance to cytarabine. These findings indicated that activating the AHR signaling pathway reshaped the metabolism in MDS/AML cells, thus contributing to the resistance to cytarabine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Jia
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Juan Guo
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Youshan Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Dong Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Chunkang Chang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
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20
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Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in air pollution-induced non-malignant respiratory diseases. Respir Res 2020; 21:299. [PMID: 33187512 PMCID: PMC7666487 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01563-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have found strong associations between air pollution and respiratory effects including development and/or exacerbation of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as well as increased occurrence of respiratory infections and lung cancer. It has become increasingly clear that also polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) may affect processes linked to non-malignant diseases in the airways. The aim of the present paper was to review epidemiological studies on associations between gas phase and particle-bound PAHs in ambient air and non-malignant respiratory diseases or closely related physiological processes, to assess whether PAH-exposure may explain some of the effects associated with air pollution. Based on experimental in vivo and in vitro studies, we also explore possible mechanisms for how different PAHs may contribute to such events. Epidemiological studies show strongest evidence for an association between PAHs and asthma development and respiratory function in children. This is supported by studies on prenatal and postnatal exposure. Exposure to PAHs in adults seems to be linked to respiratory functions, exacerbation of asthma and increased morbidity/mortality of obstructive lung diseases. However, available studies are few and weak. Notably, the PAHs measured in plasma/urine also represent other exposure routes than inhalation. Furthermore, the role of PAHs measured in air is difficult to disentangle from that of other air pollution components originating from combustion processes. Experimental studies show that PAHs may trigger various processes linked to non-malignant respiratory diseases. Physiological- and pathological responses include redox imbalance, oxidative stress, inflammation both from the innate and adaptive immune systems, smooth muscle constriction, epithelial- and endothelial dysfunction and dysregulated lung development. Such biological responses may at the molecular level be initiated by PAH-binding to the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), but possibly also through interactions with beta-adrenergic receptors. In addition, reactive PAH metabolites or reactive oxygen species (ROS) may interfere directly with ion transporters and enzymes involved in signal transduction. Overall, the reviewed literature shows that respiratory effects of PAH-exposure in ambient air may extend beyond lung cancer. The relative importance of the specific PAHs ability to induce disease may differ between the biological endpoint in question.
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21
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Chen Z, Cai A, Zheng H, Huang H, Sun R, Cui X, Ye W, Yao Q, Chen R, Kou L. Carbidopa suppresses prostate cancer via aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of androgen receptor. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:49. [PMID: 32404918 PMCID: PMC7220950 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0236-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbidopa, a peripheral decarboxylase inhibitor used with L-DOPA to treat Parkinson’s disease, has attracted significant interest in recent years for its anticancer effect. Increasing evidence reveals that Carbidopa can inhibit cancer cell growth and induce apoptosis through aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) in some cancers. However, the antitumor effect of Carbidopa in prostate cancer (PCa) is not fully understood. Androgen receptor (AR) plays a central role in PCa, even in advanced “castrate-resistant” disease. In the present study, we report that Carbidopa suppresses the growth of PCa by downregulating the protein expression of AR. Carbidopa inhibits proliferation and migration of LNCaP cells and promotes apoptosis, but has no effect on the AR-independent prostate cell line DU145. Carbidopa increases ubiquitination of AR in LNCaP cells. Several studies have shown that AHR can act as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and promote the proteasomal degradation of AR. Quantitative RT-PCR, immunofluorescence staining and immunoblotting assay demonstrate that AHR is induced and activated by Carbidopa, and the co-immunoprecipitation assay shows that AR interacts with AHR, firmly confirming that Carbidopa decreases AR protein level though AHR-induced proteasomal degradation. In addition, Carbidopa suppresses PCa growth in vivo when xenografted into immunocompromised mice. Carbidopa treatment increases AHR protein level and decreases AR protein level in tumor tissues. Taken together, our study implicates Carbidopa for the first time in effective suppression of prostate cancer via a mechanism, involving AHR-mediated proteasomal degradation of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Paediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Aimin Cai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Hailun Zheng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Huirong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Xiao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Weijian Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Paediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou, 325027, China
| | - Qing Yao
- Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Paediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou, 325027, China. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325035, China.
| | - Ruijie Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Paediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
| | - Longfa Kou
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Wenzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Paediatric Pharmacy, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
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22
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Glencross DA, Ho TR, Camiña N, Hawrylowicz CM, Pfeffer PE. Air pollution and its effects on the immune system. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 151:56-68. [PMID: 32007522 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 269] [Impact Index Per Article: 67.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A well-functioning immune system is vital for a healthy body. Inadequate and excessive immune responses underlie diverse pathologies such as serious infections, metastatic malignancies and auto-immune conditions. Therefore, understanding the effects of ambient pollutants on the immune system is vital to understanding how pollution causes disease, and how that pathology could be abrogated. The immune system itself consists of multiple types of immune cell that act together to generate (or fail to generate) immune responses and in this article we review evidence of how air pollutants can affect different immune cell types such as particle-clearing macrophages, inflammatory neutrophils, dendritic cells that orchestrate adaptive immune responses and lymphocytes that enact those responses. Common themes that emerge are of the capacity of air pollutants to stimulate pro-inflammatory immune responses across multiple classes of immune cell. Air pollution can enhance T helper lymphocyte type 2 (Th2) and T helper lymphocyte type 17 (Th17) adaptive immune responses, as seen in allergy and asthma, and dysregulate anti-viral immune responses. The clinical effects of air pollution, in particular the known association between elevated ambient pollution and exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), are consistent with these identified immunological mechanisms. Further to this, as inhaled air pollution deposits primarily on the respiratory mucosa this review focuses on mechanisms of respiratory disease. However, as discussed in the article, air pollution also affects the wider immune system for example in the neonate and gastrointestinal tract. Whilst the many identified actions of air pollution on the immune system are notably diverse, immunological research does suggest potential strategies to ameliorate such effects, for example with vitamin D supplementation. An in-depth understanding of the immunological effects of ambient pollutants should hopefully yield new ideas on how to reduce the adverse health effects of air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Drew A Glencross
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Tzer-Ren Ho
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK; MRC Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Nuria Camiña
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, King's College London, Franklin Wilkins Building, London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Catherine M Hawrylowicz
- Asthma UK Centre in Allergic Mechanisms of Asthma, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, SE1 9RT, UK.
| | - Paul E Pfeffer
- Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Charterhouse Square, London, EC1M 6BQ, UK
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23
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Sun L, Fu J, Lin SH, Sun JL, Xia L, Lin CH, Liu L, Zhang C, Yang L, Xue P, Wang X, Huang S, Han X, Chen HL, Huang MS, Zhang X, Huang SK, Zhou Y. Particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less in diameter disturbs the balance of T H17/regulatory T cells by targeting glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in an asthma model. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019; 145:402-414. [PMID: 31647966 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2019.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiologic evidence suggests that exposure to particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5) aggravates asthma. OBJECTIVE We sought to investigate the underlying mechanisms between PM2.5 exposure and asthma severity. METHODS The relationship between PM2.5 exposure and asthma severity was investigated in an asthma model with CD4+ T cell-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-null mice. Effects of PM2.5 and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) on differentiation of TH17/regulatory T (Treg) cells were investigated by using flow cytometry and quantitative RT-PCR. Mechanisms were investigated by using mRNA sequencing, chromatin immunoprecipitation, bisulfite sequencing, and glycolysis rates. RESULTS PM2.5 impaired differentiation of Treg cells, promoted differentiation of TH17 cells, and aggravated asthma in an AhR-dependent manner. PM2.5 and one of its prominent PAHs, indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IP), promoted differentiation of TH17 cells by upregulating hypoxia-inducible factor 1α expression and enhancing glycolysis through AhRs. Exposure to PM2.5 and IP enhanced glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (Got1) expression through AhRs and accumulation of 2-hydroxyglutarate, which inhibited ten-eleven translocation methylcytosine dioxygenase 2 activity, resulting in hypermethylation in the forkhead box P3 locus and impaired differentiation of Treg cells. A GOT1 inhibitor, (aminooxy)acetic acid, ameliorated asthma by shifting differentiation of TH17 cells to Treg cells. Similar regulatory effects of exposure to PM2.5 or IP on TH17/Treg cell imbalance were noted in human T cells, and in a case-control design PAH exposure appeared to be a potential risk factor for asthma. CONCLUSIONS The AhR-hypoxia-inducible factor 1α and AhR-GOT1 molecular pathways mediate pulmonary responses on exposure to PM2.5 through their ability to disturb the balance of TH17/Treg cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licheng Sun
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Jinrong Fu
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Sheng-Hao Lin
- Chest Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang-Hua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
| | - Jin-Lyu Sun
- Department of Allergy, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Diagnosis and Treatment on Allergic Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Li Xia
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ching-Hsiung Lin
- Chest Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang-Hua Christian Hospital, Chang-Hua, Taiwan
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Caiyan Zhang
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Yang
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Xue
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Wang
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Saihua Huang
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China
| | - Hua-Ling Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Xiaobo Zhang
- Respirology Department, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan; Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Lou-Hu Hospital, Shen-Zhen University, Shen-Zhen, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Children's Hospital and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases (Fudan University), Shanghai, China.
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24
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Wang HC, Wong TH, Wang LT, Su HH, Yu HY, Wu AH, Lin YC, Chen HL, Suen JL, Hsu SH, Chen LC, Zhou Y, Huang SK. Aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling promotes ORMDL3-dependent generation of sphingosine-1-phosphate by inhibiting sphingosine-1-phosphate lyase. Cell Mol Immunol 2019; 16:783-790. [PMID: 29572542 PMCID: PMC6804566 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-018-0022-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a cellular chemical sensor, controls cellular homeostasis, and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive intermediate of sphingolipid metabolism, is believed to have a role in immunity and inflammation, but their potential crosstalk is currently unknown. We aimed to determine whether there is a functional linkage between AhR signaling and sphingolipid metabolism. We showed that AhR ligands, including an environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), induced S1P generation, and inhibited S1P lyase (S1PL) activity in resting cells, antigen/IgE-activated mast cells, and mouse lungs exposed to the AhR ligand alone or in combination with antigen challenge. The reduction of S1PL activity was due to AhR-mediated oxidation of S1PL at residue 317, which was reversible by the addition of an antioxidant or in cells with knockdown of the ORMDL3 gene encoding an ER transmembrane protein, whereas C317A S1PL mutant-transfected cells were resistant to the AhR-mediated effect. Furthermore, analysis of AhR ligand-treated cells showed a time-dependent increase of the ORMDL3-S1PL complex, which was confirmed by FRET analysis. This change increased the S1P levels, which in turn, induced mast cell degranulation via S1PR2 signaling. In addition, elevated levels of plasma S1P were found in children with asthma compared to non-asthmatic subjects. These results suggest a new regulatory pathway whereby the AhR-ligand axis induces ORMDL3-dependent S1P generation by inhibiting S1PL, which may contribute to the expression of allergic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, 40402, Taichung, Taiwan, China
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Wong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
| | - Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
| | - Hsiu-Yueh Yu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Ai-Hsuan Wu
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, China
| | - Hua-Ling Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, China
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
- Center for Research Resources and Development, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
| | - Shih-Hsien Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- Division of Allergy, Asthma and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, China
- Community Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Keelung, Keelung, Taiwan, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Xiamen Chang Gung Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Ministry of Health, Fudan University, 201102, Shanghai, China
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China.
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan, China.
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, China.
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Lou-Hu Hospital, Shen-Zhen University, Shen-Zhen, China.
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Wang E, Liu X, Tu W, Do DC, Yu H, Yang L, Zhou Y, Xu D, Huang S, Yang P, Ran P, Gao P, Liu Z. Benzo(a)pyrene facilitates dermatophagoides group 1 (Der f 1)-induced epithelial cytokine release through aryl hydrocarbon receptor in asthma. Allergy 2019; 74:1675-1690. [PMID: 30982974 PMCID: PMC6790621 DOI: 10.1111/all.13784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 01/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Environmental pollutants, which coexist with allergens, have been associated with the exacerbation of asthma. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. We sought to determine whether benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) co-exposure with dermatophagoides group 1 allergen (Der f 1) can potentiate Der f 1-induced asthma and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The effect of BaP was investigated in Der f 1-induced mouse model of asthma, including airway hyper-responsiveness, allergic inflammation, and epithelial-derived cytokines. The impact of BaP on Der f 1-induced airway epithelial cell oxidative stress (ROS) and cytokine release was further analyzed. The role of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) signaling in BaP-promoted Der f 1-induced ROS, cytokine production, and allergic inflammation was also investigated. RESULTS Compared with Der f 1, BaP co-exposure with Der f 1 led to airway hyper-responsiveness and increased lung inflammation in mouse model of asthma. Increased expression of TSLP, IL-33, and IL-25 was also found in the airways of these mice. Moreover, BaP co-exposure with Der f 1 activated AhR signaling with increased expression of AhR and CYP1A1 and promoted airway epithelial ROS generation and TSLP and IL-33, but not IL-25, expression. Interestingly, AhR antagonist CH223191 or cells with AhR knockdown abrogated the increased expression of ROS, TSLP, and IL-33. Furthermore, ROS inhibitor N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) also suppressed BaP co-exposure-induced expression of epithelial TSLP, IL-33, and IL-25. Finally, AhR antagonist CH223191 and NAC inhibited BaP co-exposure with Der f 1-induced lung inflammation. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that BaP facilitates Der f 1-induced epithelial cytokine release through the AhR-ROS axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eryi Wang
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Xiaoyu Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Wei Tu
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Danh C. Do
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy CenterJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Haiqiong Yu
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
| | - Liteng Yang
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Neonatal Disease, Ministry of Health, Children's Hospital and Institute of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Damo Xu
- Institute of Infection, Immunity and InflammationUniversity of GlasgowGlasgowUK
| | - Shau‐Ku Huang
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy CenterJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMaryland
- National Institute of Environmental Health SciencesNational Health Research InstitutesMiaoliTaiwan
| | - Pingchang Yang
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
| | - Pixin Ran
- Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, The First Affiliated HospitalGuangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Pei‐Song Gao
- Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy CenterJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMaryland
| | - Zhigang Liu
- The Affiliated Luohu Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Luohu Hospital GroupShenzhenChina
- The State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease for Allergy, Shenzhen University School of MedicineShenzhen UniversityShenzhenChina
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26
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Qu J, Mei Q, Niu R. Oxidative CaMKII as a potential target for inflammatory disease (Review). Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:863-870. [PMID: 31173191 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
CaMKII is a calcium‑activated kinase, proved to be modulated by oxidation. Currently, the oxidative activation of CaMKII exists in several models of asthma, chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, acute ischemic stroke and cancer. Oxidized CaMKII (ox‑CaMKII) may be important in several of these diseases. The present review examines the mechanism underlying the oxidative activation of CaMKII and summarizes the current findings associated with the function of ox‑CaMKII in inflammatory diseases. Taken together, the findings of this review aim to improve current understanding of the function of ox‑CaMKII and provide novel insights for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Lung Cancer and Gastroenterology, Hunan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Xiangya Medical School of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Quanhui Mei
- Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First People's Hospital of Changde City, Changde, Hunan 410005, P.R. China
| | - Ruichao Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
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27
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Wang Q, Xu X, Cong X, Zeng Z, Xu L, Huo X. Interactions between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and epoxide hydrolase 1 play roles in asthma. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2019; 41:191-210. [PMID: 30293161 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-018-0201-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Asthma, as one of the most common chronic diseases in children and adults, is a consequence of complex gene-environment interactions. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), as a group of widespread environmental organic pollutants, are involved in the development, triggering and pathologic changes of asthma. Various previous studies reported the critical roles of PAHs in immune changes, oxidative stress and environment-gene interactions of asthma. EPHX1 (the gene of epoxide hydrolase 1, an enzyme mediating human PAH metabolism) had a possible association with asthma by influencing PAH metabolism. This review summarized that (1) the roles of PAHs in asthma-work as risk factors; (2) the possible mechanisms involved in PAH-related asthma-through immunologic and oxidative stress changes; (3) the interactions between PAHs and EPHX1 involved in asthma-enzymatic activity of epoxide hydrolase 1, which affected by EPHX1 genotypes/SNPs/diplotypes, could influence human PAH metabolism and people's vulnerability to PAH exposure. This review provided a better understanding of the above interactions and underlying mechanisms for asthma which help to raise public's concern on PAH control and develop strategies for individual asthma primary prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihua Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xijin Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaowei Cong
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijun Zeng
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Long Xu
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, and Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xia Huo
- Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Developmental Toxicology, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou, 510632, Guangdong, China.
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28
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Costantini C, Renga G, Oikonomou V, Paolicelli G, Borghi M, Pariano M, De Luca A, Puccetti M, Stincardini C, Mosci P, Bartoli A, Zelante T, Romani L. The Mast Cell-Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Interplay at the Host-Microbe Interface. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:7396136. [PMID: 30510489 PMCID: PMC6230381 DOI: 10.1155/2018/7396136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are increasingly being recognized as crucial cells in the response of the organism to environmental agents. Interestingly, the ability of mast cells to sense and respond to external cues is modulated by the microenvironment that surrounds mast cells and influences their differentiation. The scenario that is emerging unveils a delicate equilibrium that balances the effector functions of mast cells to guarantee host protection without compromising tissue homeostasis. Among the environmental components able to mold mast cells and fine-tune their effector functions, the microorganisms that colonize the human body, collectively known as microbiome, certainly play a key role. Indeed, microorganisms can regulate not only the survival, recruitment, and maturation of mast cells but also their activity by setting the threshold required for the exploitation of their different effector functions. Herein, we summarize the current knowledge about the mechanisms underlying the ability of the microorganisms to regulate mast cell physiology and discuss potential deviations that result in pathological consequences. We will discuss the pivotal role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor in sensing the environment and shaping mast cell adaptation at the host-microbe interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Costantini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Giorgia Renga
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Vasilis Oikonomou
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Paolicelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Monica Borghi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Antonella De Luca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Matteo Puccetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Claudia Stincardini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Paolo Mosci
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Andrea Bartoli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Teresa Zelante
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Perugia, Perugia 06132, Italy
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29
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Wang HC, Huang SK. Metformin inhibits IgE- and aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated mast cell activation in vitro and in vivo. Eur J Immunol 2018; 48:1989-1996. [PMID: 30242842 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Metformin, an anti-diabetic drug, possesses anti-inflammatory property beyond its glucose-lowering activity, but its regulatory effect on mast cells and allergic responses remains unknown, wherein the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-ligand axis is critical in controlling mast cell activation. Herein, we provide evidence supporting the role of metformin in modulating mast cell activation by FcεR1-, AhR-mediated signaling or their combination. Metformin at relatively low doses was shown to suppress FcεR1-mediated degranulation, IL-13, TNF-α and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) secretion in murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs). In contrast, metformin at the same doses potently inhibited all parameters in mast cells stimulated with an AhR ligand, 5,11-dihydroindolo[3,2-b]carbazole-6-carbaldehyde (FICZ). Further, metformin was shown to inhibit FcεR1- and AhR-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in vivo, reversible by a S1P receptor 2 antagonist, JTE-013. Using AhR reporter cells, Huh7-DRE-Luc cells, a human mast cell line, HMC-1, and BMMCs, metformin's inhibitory effect was mediated through the suppression of FICZ-induced AhR activity, calcium mobilization and ROS generation. Notably, FICZ-mediated oxidation of S1P lyase (S1PL) and its reduced activity were reversed by metformin, resulting in decreased levels of S1P. Collectively, these results suggested the potential utility of metformin in treating allergic diseases, particularly in cases with comorbid type II diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Chun Wang
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan.,Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Lou-Hu Hospital, Shen-Zhen University, Shen-Zhen, China
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30
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Nakajima R, Miyagaki T, Morimura S, Fukasawa T, Oka T, Yoshizaki A, Sugaya M, Sato S. Exacerbated Immune Complex-Mediated Vascular Injury in Mice with Heterozygous Deficiency of Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor through Upregulation of Fcγ Receptor III Expression on Macrophages. J Invest Dermatol 2018; 138:2195-2204. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2018.03.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 03/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Rannug A, Rannug U. The tryptophan derivative 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole, FICZ, a dynamic mediator of endogenous aryl hydrocarbon receptor signaling, balances cell growth and differentiation. Crit Rev Toxicol 2018; 48:555-574. [PMID: 30226107 DOI: 10.1080/10408444.2018.1493086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is not essential to survival, but does act as a key regulator of many normal physiological events. The role of this receptor in toxicological processes has been studied extensively, primarily employing the high-affinity ligand 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). However, regulation of physiological responses by endogenous AHR ligands remains to be elucidated. Here, we review developments in this field, with a focus on 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ), the endogenous ligand with the highest affinity to the receptor reported to date. The binding of FICZ to different isoforms of the AHR seems to be evolutionarily well conserved and there is a feedback loop that controls AHR activity through metabolic degradation of FICZ via the highly inducible cytochrome P450 1A1. Several investigations provide strong evidence that FICZ plays a critical role in normal physiological processes and can ameliorate immune diseases with remarkable efficiency. Low levels of FICZ are pro-inflammatory, providing resistance to pathogenic bacteria, stimulating the anti-tumor functions, and promoting the differentiation of cancer cells by repressing genes in cancer stem cells. In contrast, at high concentrations FICZ behaves in a manner similar to TCDD, exhibiting toxicity toward fish and bird embryos, immune suppression, and activation of cancer progression. The findings are indicative of a dual role for endogenously activated AHR in barrier tissues, aiding clearance of infections and suppressing immunity to terminate a vicious cycle that might otherwise lead to disease. There is not much support for the AHR ligand-specific immune responses proposed, the differences between FICZ and TCDD in this context appear to be explained by the rapid metabolism of FICZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agneta Rannug
- a Karolinska Institutet, Institute of Environmental Medicine , Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ulf Rannug
- b Department of Molecular Biosciences , The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University , Stockholm , Sweden
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32
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Janosik T, Rannug A, Rannug U, Wahlström N, Slätt J, Bergman J. Chemistry and Properties of Indolocarbazoles. Chem Rev 2018; 118:9058-9128. [PMID: 30191712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The indolocarbazoles are an important class of nitrogen heterocycles which has evolved significantly in recent years, with numerous studies focusing on their diverse biological effects, or targeting new materials with potential applications in organic electronics. This review aims at providing a broad survey of the chemistry and properties of indolocarbazoles from an interdisciplinary point of view, with particular emphasis on practical synthetic aspects, as well as certain topics which have not been previously accounted for in detail, such as the occurrence, formation, biological activities, and metabolism of indolo[3,2- b]carbazoles. The literature of the past decade forms the basis of the text, which is further supplemented with older key references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Janosik
- Research Institutes of Sweden , Bioscience and Materials, RISE Surface, Process and Formulation , SE-151 36 Södertälje , Sweden
| | - Agneta Rannug
- Institute of Environmental Medicine , Karolinska Institutet , SE-171 77 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Ulf Rannug
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute , Stockholm University , SE-106 91 Stockholm , Sweden
| | | | - Johnny Slätt
- Department of Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry , KTH Royal Institute of Technology , SE-100 44 Stockholm , Sweden
| | - Jan Bergman
- Karolinska Institutet , Department of Biosciences and Nutrition , SE-141 83 Huddinge , Sweden
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Shen Y, Zhang ZH, Hu D, Ke X, Gu Z, Zou QY, Hu GH, Song SH, Kang HY, Hong SL. The airway inflammation induced by nasal inoculation of PM2.5 and the treatment of bacterial lysates in rats. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9816. [PMID: 29959403 PMCID: PMC6026196 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Particulate matter (PM) is one of the most important environmental issues in China. This study aimed to explore the correlation between PM2.5 and airway inflammation in healthy rats. The PM2.5 group was given an intranasal instillation of PM2.5 suspension on 15 consecutive days, and each received oral saline from day 16 to 90. The BV intervention group was treated as the PM2.5 exposure group, except that BV instead of saline was given daily. A histopathologic examination was performed to evaluate the airway inflammation. The prevalence and function of Th1/Th2/Treg/Th17 cells were detected by flow cytometry and ELISA. The expression of AhR was detected by western blot and real-time PCR. We found that epithelial damage and increased infiltration of inflammatory cell were present in the airways after PM2.5 exposure; there was an immune imbalance of Th cells in the PM2.5 group; the expression of AhR was increased in the airways after PM2.5 exposure. In the PM2.5 + BV group, we demonstrated alleviated immune imbalance and reduced inflammatory cell infiltration in the airways. Our study showed that exposure to PM2.5 induced airway inflammation. The imbalance of Th1/Th2/Treg/Th17 in PM2.5-induced airway inflammation might be associated with activation of the AhR pathway. Oral BV reduces PM2.5-induced airway inflammation and regulates systemic immune responses in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hai Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Hu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia Ke
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng Gu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi-Yuan Zou
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hua Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Hua Song
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hou-Yong Kang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Su-Ling Hong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China.
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34
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Wong TH, Lee CL, Su HH, Lee CL, Wu CC, Wang CC, Sheu CC, Lai RS, Leung SY, Lin CC, Wei YF, Wang CJ, Lin YC, Chen HL, Huang MS, Yen JH, Huang SK, Suen JL. A prominent air pollutant, Indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene, enhances allergic lung inflammation via aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5198. [PMID: 29581487 PMCID: PMC5979946 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23542-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) is associated with asthma, but its regulatory mechanisms remain incompletely defined. We report herein that elevated levels of urinary 1-hydroxypyrene, a biomarker of PAH exposure, were found in asthmatic subjects (n = 39) as compared to those in healthy subjects (n = 43) living in an industrial city of Taiwan, where indeno[1,2,3-cd]pyrene (IP) was found to be a prominent PAH associated with ambient PM2.5. In a mouse model, intranasal exposure of mice with varying doses of IP significantly enhanced antigen-induced allergic inflammation, including increased airway eosinophilia, Th2 cytokines, including IL-4 and IL-5, as well as antigen-specific IgE level, which was absent in dendritic cell (DC)-specific aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-null mice. Mechanistically, IP treatment significantly altered DC's function, including increased level of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and decreased generation of anti-inflammatory IL-10. The IP's effect was lost in DCs from mice carrying an AhR-mutant allele. Taken together, these results suggest that chronic exposure to environmental PAHs may pose a significant risk for asthma, in which IP, a prominent ambient PAH in Taiwan, was shown to enhance the severity of allergic lung inflammation in mice through, at least in part, its ability in modulating DC's function in an AhR-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsuan Wong
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chon-Lin Lee
- Department of Marine Environment and Engineering, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Han Su
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Lai Lee
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chien Wu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chou Wang
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Divison of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ruay-Sheng Lai
- Division of Chest Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sum-Yee Leung
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Cheng Lin
- Chest Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Antai Medical Care Cooperation Antai Tian-Sheng Memorial Hospital, Ping-Tung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Wei
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, E-Da Hospital, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Jen Wang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Hua-Ling Chen
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shyan Huang
- Divison of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Miaoli, Taiwan
- Lou-Hu Hospital, Shen-Zhen University, Shen-Zhen, China
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jau-Ling Suen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Research Center of Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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Chelombitko MA, Averina OA, Vasilyeva TV, Pletiushkina OY, Popova EN, Fedorov AV, Chernyak BV, Shishkina VS, Ilinskaya OP. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 (10-(6´-Plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium Bromide) Inhibits Mast Cell Degranulation in vivo and in vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 82:1493-1503. [PMID: 29486699 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6´-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (SkQ1) in experimental models of acute inflammation and wound repair has been shown earlier. It was suggested that the antiinflammatory activity of SkQ1 is related to its ability to suppress inflammatory activation of the vascular endothelium and neutrophil migration into tissues. Here, we demonstrated that SkQ1 inhibits activation of mast cells (MCs) followed by their degranulation and histamine release in vivo and in vitro. Intraperitoneal injections of SkQ1 in the mouse air-pouch model reduced the number of leukocytes in the air-pouch cavity and significantly decreased the histamine content in it, as well as suppressing MC degranulation in the air-pouch tissue. The direct effect of SkQ1 on MCs was studied in vitro in the rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cell line. SkQ1 inhibited induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. These results suggest that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are involved in the activation of MCs. It is known that MCs play a crucial role in regulation of vascular permeability by secreting histamine. Suppression of MC degranulation by SkQ1 might be a significant factor in the antiinflammatory activity of this mitochondria-targeted antioxidant.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Chelombitko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
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Choudhary M, Safe S, Malek G. Suppression of aberrant choroidal neovascularization through activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2018; 1864:1583-1595. [PMID: 29481912 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2018.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2017] [Revised: 02/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) is a ligand activated transcription factor, initially discovered for its role in regulating xenobiotic metabolism. There is extensive evidence supporting a multi-faceted role for AhR, modulating physiological pathways important in cell health and disease. Recently we demonstrated that the AhR plays a role in the pathogenesis of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), the leading cause of vision loss in the elderly. We found that loss of AhR exacerbates choroidal neovascular (CNV) lesion formation in a murine model. Herein we tested the therapeutic impact of AhR activation on CNV lesion formation and factors associated with aberrant neovascularization. We screened a panel of synthetic drugs and endogenous AhR ligands, assessed their ability to activate AhR in choroidal endothelial cells, and inhibit angiogenesis in vitro. Drugs with an anti-angiogenic profile were then administered to a murine model of CNV. Two compounds, leflunomide and flutamide, significantly inhibited CNV formation concurrent with positive modifying effects on angiogenesis, inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and fibrosis. These results validate the role of the AhR pathway in regulating CNV pathogenesis, identify mechanisms of AhR-based therapies in the eye, and argue in favor of developing AhR as a drug target for the treatment of neovascular AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Choudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Stephen Safe
- Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Goldis Malek
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
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Redegeld FA, Yu Y, Kumari S, Charles N, Blank U. Non-IgE mediated mast cell activation. Immunol Rev 2018; 282:87-113. [DOI: 10.1111/imr.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A. Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Yingxin Yu
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Sangeeta Kumari
- Division of Pharmacology; Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences; Utrecht University; Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Nicolas Charles
- INSERM U1149; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8252; Paris France
- Université Paris-Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Site Xavier Bichat; Paris France
| | - Ulrich Blank
- INSERM U1149; Centre de Recherche sur l'Inflammation; Paris France
- CNRS ERL8252; Paris France
- Université Paris-Diderot; Sorbonne Paris Cité; Faculté de Médecine; Site Xavier Bichat; Paris France
- Inflamex Laboratory of Excellence; Paris France
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Wang H, Do DC, Liu J, Wang B, Qu J, Ke X, Luo X, Tang HM, Tang HL, Hu C, Anderson ME, Liu Z, Gao P. Functional role of kynurenine and aryl hydrocarbon receptor axis in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018; 141:586-600.e6. [PMID: 28689792 PMCID: PMC5937692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is associated with mast cell-mediated inflammation and heightened oxidant stress. Kynurenine (KYN), an endogenous tryptophan metabolite, can promote allergen-induced mast cell activation through the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). OBJECTIVES We sought to determine the role of the KYN/AhR axis and oxidant stress in mast cell activation and the development of CRSwNP. METHODS We measured the expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase, KYN, and oxidized calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (ox-CaMKII) in nasal polyps and controls. KYN-potentiated ovalbumin (OVA)-induced ROS generation, cell activation, and ox-CaMKII expression were investigated in wild-type and AhR-deficient (AhR-/-) mast cells. The role of ox-CaMKII in mast cell activation was further investigated. RESULTS Nasal polyps in CRSwNP showed an increased expression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1, tryptophan2,3-dioxygenase, and KYN compared with controls. AhR was predominantly expressed in mast cells in nasal polyps. Activated mast cells and local IgE levels were substantially increased in eosinophilic polyps compared with noneosinophilic polyps and controls. Furthermore, KYN potentiated OVA-induced ROS generation, intracellular Ca2+ levels, cell activation, and expression of ox-CaMKII in wild-type, but not in AhR-/- mast cells. Compared with noneosinophilic polyps and controls, eosinophilic polyps showed increased expression of ox-CaMKII in mast cells. Mast cells from ROS-resistant CaMKII MMVVδ mice or pretreated with CaMKII inhibitor showed protection against KYN-promoted OVA-induced mast cell activation. CONCLUSIONS These studies support a potentially critical but previously unidentified function of the KYN/AhR axis in regulating IgE-mediated mast cell activation through ROS and ox-CaMKII in CRSwNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Wang
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Danh C Do
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Jinxin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Baofeng Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jingjing Qu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md; Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xia Ke
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Xiaoyan Luo
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Ho Man Tang
- Institute for Basic Biomedical Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Ho Lam Tang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Md
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mark E Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Md.
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Zang X, Zheng X, Hou Y, Hu M, Wang H, Bao X, Zhou F, Wang G, Hao H. Regulation of proinflammatory monocyte activation by the kynurenine–AhR axis underlies immunometabolic control of depressive behavior in mice. FASEB J 2018; 32:1944-1956. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201700853r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yuanlong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Miaomiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Hong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Xiaoqiang Bao
- Animal Experimental Center, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Fang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Guangji Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Haiping Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural MedicinesSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Laboratory of Metabolic Regulation and Drug Target DiscoverySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Drug MetabolismSchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
- Department of PharmacologySchool of Pharmacy, and China Pharmaceutical UniversityNanjingChina
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Cancer chemoprevention revisited: Cytochrome P450 family 1B1 as a target in the tumor and the microenvironment. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 63:1-18. [PMID: 29197745 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cancer chemoprevention is the use of synthetic, natural or biological agents to prevent or delay the development or progression of malignancies. Intriguingly, many phytochemicals with anti-inflammatory and anti-angiogenic effects, recently proposed as chemoprevention strategies, are inhibitors of Cytochrome P450 family 1B1 (CYP1B1), an enzyme overexpressed in a wide variety of tumors and associated with angiogenesis. In turn, pro-inflammatory cytokines were reported to boost CYP1B1 expression, suggesting a key role of CYP1B1 in a positive loop of inflammatory angiogenesis. Other well-known pro-tumorigenic activities of CYP1B1 rely on metabolic bioactivation of xenobiotics and steroid hormones into their carcinogenic derivatives. In contrast to initial in vitro observations, in vivo studies demonstrated a protecting role against cancer for the other CYP1 family members (CYP1A1 and CYP1A2), suggesting that the specificity of CYP1 family inhibitors should be carefully taken into account for developing potential chemoprevention strategies. Recent studies also proposed a role of CYP1B1 in multiple cell types found within the tumor microenvironment, including fibroblasts, endothelial and immune cells. Overall, our review of the current literature suggests a positive loop between inflammatory cytokines and CYP1B1, which in turn may play a key role in cancer angiogenesis, acting on both cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment. Strategies aiming at specific CYP1B1 inhibition in multiple cell types may translate into clinical chemoprevention and angioprevention approaches.
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This review article discusses current knowledge on natural killer (NK) cells in asthma. RECENT FINDINGS It is now well accepted that NK cell activities go beyond cancer immune surveillance and antiviral defense. Recent reports indicate that NK cells are activated in response to allergens in vivo. NK cells promote allergic sensitization, type-2 immune response, development of eosinophilic inflammation, and airway hyperresponsiveness. NK cells are activated by respiratory syncytial virus and other respiratory viruses. When infection occurs in the setting of active allergic inflammation, NK cells augment its magnitude and contribute to asthma exacerbations. Proasthma activities of NK cells can be programmed during embryogenesis through maternal exposure to environmental pollutants. Prenatally programmed NK cells produce type-2 and type-3 cytokines and mediate asthma predisposition. NK cells can also act as asthma antagonists. NK cells contribute to the resolution of inflammation through suppression of antigen-specific CD4+ T cells and type-3 immunity. When viral infection occurs in naïve mice prior to allergic sensitization, NK cells antagonize type-2 immunity and prevent development of asthma. SUMMARY NK cells are nonredundant participants of allergic inflammation. The environmental context determines whether NK cells act as protagonists or antagonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena M Gorska
- aNational Jewish Health, Denver bUniversity of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA
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42
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Cildir G, Pant H, Lopez AF, Tergaonkar V. The transcriptional program, functional heterogeneity, and clinical targeting of mast cells. J Exp Med 2017; 214:2491-2506. [PMID: 28811324 PMCID: PMC5584128 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20170910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cildir et al. discuss the recent findings in transcriptional regulation of mast cell development and activation and provide insights into the plasticity and clinical targeting of mast cell functions. Mast cells are unique tissue-resident immune cells that express an array of receptors that can be activated by several extracellular cues, including antigen–immunoglobulin E (IgE) complexes, bacteria, viruses, cytokines, hormones, peptides, and drugs. Mast cells constitute a small population in tissues, but their extraordinary ability to respond rapidly by releasing granule-stored and newly made mediators underpins their importance in health and disease. In this review, we document the biology of mast cells and introduce new concepts and opinions regarding their role in human diseases beyond IgE-mediated allergic responses and antiparasitic functions. We bring to light recent discoveries and developments in mast cell research, including regulation of mast cell functions, differentiation, survival, and novel mouse models. Finally, we highlight the current and future opportunities for therapeutic intervention of mast cell functions in inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Cildir
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Harshita Pant
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Angel F Lopez
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vinay Tergaonkar
- Centre for Cancer Biology, University of South Australia and SA Pathology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia .,Laboratory of NF-κB Signalling, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, Singapore
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Niu R, Xiao X, Liu B, Li Y, Zhong Y, Ma L. Inhibition of airway inflammation in a cockroach allergen model of asthma by agonists of miRNA-33b. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7409. [PMID: 28785038 PMCID: PMC5547138 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07882-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 07/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play powerful roles in immune function by regulating target genes that mediate cell behavior. It is well known that mast cells have essential effector and immune regulatory functions in IgE-associated allergic disorders and in innate and adaptive immune responses. However, the role of miRNAs in mediating mast cell functions and the relevant mechanisms require further exploration. The roles of miR-33b in airway inflammation and mast cell functions are still unknown. To examine the role of miR-33b in mouse mast cells in cockroach allergen-induced asthma, we developed a lentiviral system for miRNA-33b overexpression to examine whether miRNA-33b mediates airway inflammation by regulating mast cell function and to evaluate the underlying mechanism. The results showed that miR-33b inhibited cockroach allergen-induced asthma in vivo: in particular, it inhibited TH2 cytokine production. In addition, we found that in cells in which miRNA-33b had been transfected, mast cell degranulation was inhibited through suppression of the calcium release and IgE/FcεRI pathway. Our study provides new insight into the roles of miR-33b in asthma and mast cell biology and identifies novel mechanisms that may contribute to mast cell-related pathological conditions in airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruichao Niu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Xuping Xiao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yunqiu Li
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Ma
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410008, P.R. China.
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Mohammadi-Bardbori A, Bastan F, Akbarizadeh AR. The highly bioactive molecule and signal substance 6-formylindolo[3,2-b]carbazole (FICZ) plays bi-functional roles in cell growth and apoptosis in vitro. Arch Toxicol 2017; 91:3365-3372. [DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-1950-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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45
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Effner R, Hiller J, Eyerich S, Traidl-Hoffmann C, Brockow K, Triggiani M, Behrendt H, Schmidt-Weber CB, Buters JTM. Cytochrome P450s in human immune cells regulate IL-22 and c-Kit via an AHR feedback loop. Sci Rep 2017; 7:44005. [PMID: 28276465 PMCID: PMC5343665 DOI: 10.1038/srep44005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms how environmental compounds influence the human immune system are unknown. The environmentally sensitive transcription factor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has immune-modulating functions and responds to small molecules. Cytochrome P4501 enzymes (CYP1) act downstream of the AHR and metabolize small molecules. However, it is currently unknown whether CYP1 activity is relevant for immune modulation. We studied the interdependence of CYP1 and AHR in human primary immune cells using pharmacological methods. CYP1 inhibition increased the expression levels of the stem cell factor receptor (c-Kit) and interleukin (IL)-22 but decreased IL-17. Single cell analyses showed that CYP1 inhibition especially promoted CD4+ helper T (Th) cells that co-express c-Kit and IL-22 simultaneously. The addition of an AHR antagonist reversed all these effects. In addition to T cells, we screened other human immune cells for CYP and found cell-specific fingerprints, suggesting that similar mechanisms are present in multiple immune cells. We describe a feedback loop yet unknown in human immune cells where CYP1 inhibition resulted in an altered AHR-dependent immune response. This mechanism relates CYP1-dependent metabolism of environmental small molecules to human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renate Effner
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Hiller
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine (UNIKA-T), Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Stefanie Eyerich
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Claudia Traidl-Hoffmann
- Chair and Institute of Environmental Medicine (UNIKA-T), Technische Universität München and Helmholtz Center Munich, Munich, Germany
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Knut Brockow
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Massimo Triggiani
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of Salerno, Italy
| | - Heidrun Behrendt
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Carsten B. Schmidt-Weber
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeroen T. M. Buters
- Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Technische Universität München/Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany
- CK-CARE, Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education, Davos, Switzerland
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46
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McLeish KR, Merchant ML, Creed TM, Tandon S, Barati MT, Uriarte SM, Ward RA. Frontline Science: Tumor necrosis factor-α stimulation and priming of human neutrophil granule exocytosis. J Leukoc Biol 2017; 102:19-29. [PMID: 28096297 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.3hi0716-293rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 12/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil granule exocytosis plays an important role in innate and adaptive immune responses. The present study examined TNF-α stimulation or priming of exocytosis of the 4 neutrophil granule subsets. TNF-α stimulated exocytosis of secretory vesicles and gelatinase granules and primed specific and azurophilic granule exocytosis to fMLF stimulation. Both stimulation and priming of exocytosis by TNF-α were dependent on p38 MAPK activity. Bioinformatic analysis of 1115 neutrophil proteins identified by mass spectrometry as being phosphorylated by TNF-α exposure found that actin cytoskeleton regulation was a major biologic function. A role for p38 MAPK regulation of the actin cytoskeleton was confirmed experimentally. Thirteen phosphoproteins regulated secretory vesicle quantity, formation, or release, 4 of which-Raf1, myristoylated alanine-rich protein kinase C (PKC) substrate (MARCKS), Abelson murine leukemia interactor 1 (ABI1), and myosin VI-were targets of the p38 MAPK pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of Raf1 reduced stimulated exocytosis of gelatinase granules and priming of specific granule exocytosis. We conclude that differential regulation of exocytosis by TNF-α involves the actin cytoskeleton and is a necessary component for priming of the 2 major neutrophil antimicrobial defense mechanisms: oxygen radical generation and release of toxic granule contents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth R McLeish
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and .,Robley Rex Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Louisville, Kentucky, USA
| | - Michael L Merchant
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - T Michael Creed
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Shweta Tandon
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Michelle T Barati
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Silvia M Uriarte
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
| | - Richard A Ward
- Department of Medicine, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky, USA; and
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47
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Qu J, Do DC, Zhou Y, Luczak E, Mitzner W, Anderson ME, Gao P. Oxidized CaMKII promotes asthma through the activation of mast cells. JCI Insight 2017; 2:e90139. [PMID: 28097237 PMCID: PMC5214090 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.90139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidation of calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (ox-CaMKII) by ROS has been associated with asthma. However, the contribution of ox-CaMKII to the development of asthma remains to be fully characterized. Here, we tested the effect of ox-CaMKII on IgE-mediated mast cell activation in an allergen-induced mouse model of asthma using oxidant-resistant CaMKII MMVVδ knockin (MMVVδ) mice. Compared with WT mice, the allergen-challenged MMVVδ mice displayed less airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation. These MMVVδ mice exhibited reduced levels of ROS and diminished recruitment of mast cells to the lungs. OVA-activated bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMCs) from MMVVδ mice showed a significant inhibition of ROS and ox-CaMKII expression. ROS generation was dependent on intracellular Ca2+ concentration in BMMCs. Importantly, OVA-activated MMVVδ BMMCs had suppressed degranulation, histamine release, leukotriene C4, and IL-13 expression. Adoptive transfer of WT, but not MMVVδ, BMMCs, reversed the alleviated AHR and inflammation in allergen-challenged MMVVδ mice. The CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 significantly suppressed IgE-mediated mast cell activation and asthma. These studies support a critical but previously unrecognized role of ox-CaMKII in mast cells that promotes asthma and suggest that therapies to reduce ox-CaMKII may be a novel approach for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Danh C. Do
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Children’s Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Neonatal Diseases, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China
| | - Elizabeth Luczak
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Wayne Mitzner
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mark E. Anderson
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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48
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Qu J, Li Y, Zhong W, Gao P, Hu C. Recent developments in the role of reactive oxygen species in allergic asthma. J Thorac Dis 2017; 9:E32-E43. [PMID: 28203435 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2017.01.05] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Allergic asthma has a global prevalence, morbidity, and mortality. Many environmental factors, such as pollutants and allergens, are highly relevant to allergic asthma. The most important pathological symptom of allergic asthma is airway inflammation. Accordingly, the unique role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) had been identified as a main reason for this respiratory inflammation. Many studies have shown that inhalation of different allergens can promote ROS generation. Recent studies have demonstrated that several pro-inflammatory mediators are responsible for the development of allergic asthma. Among these mediators, endogenous or exogenous ROS are responsible for the airway inflammation of allergic asthma. Furthermore, several inflammatory cells induce ROS and allergic asthma development. Airway inflammation, airway hyper-responsiveness, tissue injury, and remodeling can be induced by excessive ROS production in animal models. Based on investigations of allergic asthma and ROS formation mechanisms, we have identified several novel anti-inflammatory therapeutic treatments. This review describes the recent data linking ROS to the pathogenesis of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Qu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China;; Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Wen Zhong
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Peisong Gao
- Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Chengping Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
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49
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Liao WT, Lu JH, Wang WT, Hung CH, Sheu CC, Huang SK. Epigenetic synergism between interleukin-4 and aryl-hydrocarbon receptor in human macrophages. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 95:395-404. [PMID: 27888289 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1493-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-ligand axis is involved in immune regulation, but its molecular basis remains to be fully elucidated. Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 1 (CCL1) is an important chemoattractant, but how CCL1 is regulated remains to be defined. The role of AhR in regulating CCL1 expression in two major subsets of macrophage was investigated. We used a human THP-1 cell line, monocytes, and mouse peritoneal macrophages to generate M(IFN-γ/LPS) and M(IL-4) subsets, and the AhR's ligand effect was determined by the use of a combination of chromatin immunoprecipitation, PCR, and ELISA. Upon exposure to a classical AhR ligand, 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), selective induction of CCL1 was noted only in M(IL-4), not M(IFN-γ/LPS) cells in human but not murine macrophages. This selectivity was mediated by AhR's binding to the distal dioxin-responsive element (DRE) in the CCL1 promoter of the M(IL-4) subset, and a deletion mutant lacking the distal DRE sequence lost its activity. In contrast to the M(IFN-γ/LPS) cells, the distal DRE was devoid of tri-methylated histone 3 lysine 27 (H3K27) in M(IL-4) cells, and the addition of a H3K27 demethylase inhibitor blocked AhR-mediated CCL1 expression. Similar selectivity of CCL1 expression was also noted in monocyte-derived M(IL-4) subsets, and the level of AhR binding to distal DRE in monocytes was correlated with the levels of plasma interleukin-4 (IL-4) in 23 human subjects. These findings suggested the existence of a new regulatory epigenetic-based mechanism, wherein AhR in concert with IL-4 differentially regulated human, not murine, macrophage CCL1 response. KEY MESSAGE Human CCL1 gene is selectively targeted by AhR in M(IL-4) macrophage. IL-4-induced epigenetic modification potentiates AhR-mediated CCL1 expression. This epigenetic control of CCL1 expression is not operative in murine macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Jian-He Lu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ting Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsing Hung
- Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital and College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80145, Taiwan
| | - Chau-Chyun Sheu
- Divison of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan
| | - Shau-Ku Huang
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, 35 Keyan Rd, Zhunan, Miaoli County, 35053, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan. .,Johns Hopkins Asthma and Allergy Center, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
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50
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Izawa T, Arakaki R, Mori H, Tsunematsu T, Kudo Y, Tanaka E, Ishimaru N. The Nuclear Receptor AhR Controls Bone Homeostasis by Regulating Osteoclast Differentiation via the RANK/c-Fos Signaling Axis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2016; 197:4639-4650. [PMID: 27849171 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1600822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway plays a key role in receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying the regulation of AhR expression in osteoclasts and the signaling pathway through which AhR controls osteoclastogenesis remain unclear. We found that the expression of AhR in bone marrow-derived osteoclasts was upregulated by RANKL at an earlier stage than was the expression of signature osteoclast genes such as those encoding cathepsin K and NFAT, cytoplasmic, calcineurin-dependent 1. In response to RANKL, bone marrow macrophages isolated from AhR-/- mice exhibited impaired phosphorylation of Akt and MAPK as well as NF-κB, whereas their response to M-CSF remained unchanged. Osteoclast differentiation mediated by the AhR signaling pathway was also regulated in an RANKL/c-Fos-dependent manner. Furthermore, ligand activation of AhR by the smoke toxin benzo[a]pyrene accelerated osteoclast differentiation in a receptor-dependent manner, and AhR-dependent regulation of mitochondrial biogenesis in osteoclasts was observed. Moreover, AhR-/- mice exhibited impaired bone healing with delayed endochondral ossification. Taken together, the present results suggest that the RANKL/AhR/c-Fos signaling axis plays a critical role in osteoclastogenesis, thereby identifying the potential of AhR in treating pathological, inflammatory, or metabolic disorders of the bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Izawa
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan; and
| | - Rieko Arakaki
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mori
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan; and
| | - Takaaki Tsunematsu
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan
| | - Yasusei Kudo
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan
| | - Eiji Tanaka
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan; and
| | - Naozumi Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Molecular Pathology, Tokushima University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima 7708504, Japan
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