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Ye Y, Leng M, Chai S, Yang L, Ren L, Wan W, Wang H, Li L, Li C, Meng Z. Antiplatelet effects of the CEACAM1-derived peptide QDTT. Platelets 2024; 35:2308635. [PMID: 38345065 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2024.2308635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) restricts platelet activation via platelet collagen receptor GPVI/FcRγ-chain. In this study, screening against collagen-induced platelet aggregation was performed to identify functional CEACAM1 extracellular domain fragments. CEACAM1 fragments, including Ala-substituted peptides, were synthesized. Platelet assays were conducted on healthy donor samples for aggregation, cytotoxicity, adhesion, spreading, and secretion. Mice were used for tail bleeding and FeCl3-induced thrombosis experiments. Clot retraction was assessed using platelet-rich plasma. Extracellular segments of CEACAM1 and A1 domain-derived peptide QDTT were identified, while N, A2, and B domains showed no involvement. QDTT inhibited platelet aggregation. Ala substitution for essential amino acids (Asp139, Thr141, Tyr142, Trp144, and Trp145) in the QDTT sequence abrogated collagen-induced aggregation inhibition. QDTT also suppressed platelet secretion and "inside-out" GP IIb/IIIa activation by convulxin, along with inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathways. QDTT curtailed FeCl3-induced mesenteric thrombosis without significantly prolonging bleeding time, implying the potential of CEACAM1 A1 domain against platelet activation without raising bleeding risk, thus paving the way for novel antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujia Ye
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Min Leng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Shengjie Chai
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Lihong Yang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Longcheng Ren
- Cardiovascular Department, Tengchong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tengchong, PR China
| | - Wen Wan
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Huawei Wang
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Longjun Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- Laboratory of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
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Nappi F. P2Y12 Receptor Inhibitor for Antiaggregant Therapies: From Molecular Pathway to Clinical Application. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7575. [PMID: 39062819 PMCID: PMC11277343 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a significant role in hemostasis, forming plugs at sites of vascular injury to limit blood loss. However, if platelet activation is not controlled, it can lead to thrombotic events, such as myocardial infarction and stroke. To prevent this, antiplatelet agents are used in clinical settings to limit platelet activation in patients at risk of arterial thrombotic events. However, their use can be associated with a significant risk of bleeding. An enhanced comprehension of platelet signaling mechanisms should facilitate the identification of safer targets for antiplatelet therapy. Over the past decade, our comprehension of the breadth and intricacy of signaling pathways that orchestrate platelet activation has expanded exponentially. Several recent studies have provided further insight into the regulation of platelet signaling events and identified novel targets against which to develop novel antiplatelet agents. Antiplatelet drugs are essential in managing atherothrombotic vascular disease. The current antiplatelet therapy in clinical practice is limited in terms of safety and efficacy. Novel compounds have been developed in response to patient variability and resistance to aspirin and/or clopidogrel. Recent studies based on randomized controlled trials and systematic reviews have definitively demonstrated the role of antiplatelet therapy in reducing the risk of cardiovascular events. Antiplatelet therapy is the recommended course of action for patients with established atherosclerosis. These studies compared monotherapy with a P2Y12 inhibitor versus aspirin for secondary prevention. However, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention, it is still unclear whether the efficacy of P2Y12 inhibitor monotherapy after a short course of dual antiplatelet therapy depends on the type of P2Y12 inhibitor. This paper focuses on the advanced-stage evaluation of several promising antiplatelet drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Nappi
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centre Cardiologique du Nord, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
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3
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Huang WC, Shu LH, Kuo YJ, Lai KSL, Hsia CW, Yen TL, Hsia CH, Jayakumar T, Yang CH, Sheu JR. Eugenol Suppresses Platelet Activation and Mitigates Pulmonary Thromboembolism in Humans and Murine Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2098. [PMID: 38396774 PMCID: PMC10888574 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets assume a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), emphasizing their significance in disease progression. Consequently, addressing CVDs necessitates a targeted approach focused on mitigating platelet activation. Eugenol, predominantly derived from clove oil, is recognized for its antibacterial, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties, rendering it a valuable medicinal agent. This investigation delves into the intricate mechanisms through which eugenol influences human platelets. At a low concentration of 2 μM, eugenol demonstrates inhibition of collagen and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Notably, thrombin and U46619 remain unaffected by eugenol. Its modulatory effects extend to ATP release, P-selectin expression, and intracellular calcium levels ([Ca2+]i). Eugenol significantly inhibits various signaling cascades, including phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)/protein kinase C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β, mitogen-activated protein kinases, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2)/thromboxane A2 (TxA2) formation induced by collagen. Eugenol selectively inhibited cPLA2/TxA2 phosphorylation induced by AA, not affecting p38 MAPK. In ADP-treated mice, eugenol reduced occluded lung vessels by platelet thrombi without extending bleeding time. In conclusion, eugenol exerts a potent inhibitory effect on platelet activation, achieved through the inhibition of the PLCγ2-PKC and cPLA2-TxA2 cascade, consequently suppressing platelet aggregation. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic applications of eugenol in CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Lan-Hsin Shu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ju Kuo
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
| | - Kevin Shu-Leung Lai
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Wei Hsia
- Department of Medical Research, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Lin Yen
- Department of Medical Research, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine Center, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, Taipei, 111, Taiwan
| | - Thanasekaran Jayakumar
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India;
| | - Chih-Hao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
| | - Joen-Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan (Y.-J.K.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110, Taiwan
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4
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Müller L, Dabbiru VAS, Schönborn L, Greinacher A. Therapeutic strategies in FcγIIA receptor-dependent thrombosis and thromboinflammation as seen in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT). Expert Opin Pharmacother 2024; 25:281-294. [PMID: 38465524 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2024.2328241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fcγ-receptors (FcγR) are membrane receptors expressed on a variety of immune cells, specialized in recognition of the Fc part of immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies. FcγRIIA-dependent platelet activation in platelet factor 4 (PF4) antibody-related disorders have gained major attention, when these antibodies were identified as the cause of the adverse vaccination event termed vaccine-induced immune thrombocytopenia and thrombosis (VITT) during the COVID-19 vaccination campaign. With the recognition of anti-PF4 antibodies as cause for severe spontaneous and sometimes recurrent thromboses independent of vaccination, their clinical relevance extended far beyond heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) and VITT. AREAS COVERED Patients developing these disorders show life-threatening thromboses, and the outcome is highly dependent on effective treatment. This narrative literature review summarizes treatment options for HIT and VITT that are currently available for clinical application and provides the perspective toward new developments. EXPERT OPINION Nearly all these novel approaches are based on in vitro, preclinical observations, or case reports with only limited implementation in clinical practice. The therapeutic potential of these approaches still needs to be proven in larger cohort studies to ensure treatment efficacy and long-term patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Müller
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Venkata A S Dabbiru
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Linda Schönborn
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Andreas Greinacher
- Institut für Transfusionsmedizin, Universitätsmedizin Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Hsia C, Shu L, Lee A, Tran O, Yang C, Yen T, Huang W, Hsia C, Jayakumar T, Chiou K, Sheu J. Ginkgetin effectively mitigates collagen and AA-induced platelet activation via PLCγ2 but not cyclic nucleotide-dependent pathway in human. J Cell Mol Med 2024; 28:e18139. [PMID: 38334198 PMCID: PMC10853947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.18139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelets assume a pivotal role in the cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). Thus, targeting platelet activation is imperative for mitigating CVDs. Ginkgetin (GK), from Ginkgo biloba L, renowned for its anticancer and neuroprotective properties, remains unexplored concerning its impact on platelet activation, particularly in humans. In this investigation, we delved into the intricate mechanisms through which GK influences human platelets. At low concentrations (0.5-1 μM), GK exhibited robust inhibition of collagen and arachidonic acid (AA)-induced platelet aggregation. Intriguingly, thrombin and U46619 remained impervious to GK's influence. GK's modulatory effect extended to ATP release, P-selectin expression, intracellular calcium ([Ca2+ ]i) levels and thromboxane A2 formation. It significantly curtailed the activation of various signaling cascades, encompassing phospholipase Cγ2 (PLCγ2)/protein kinase C (PKC), phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/glycogen synthase kinase-3β and mitogen-activated protein kinases. GK's antiplatelet effect was not reversed by SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor) or ODQ (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor), and GK had no effect on the phosphorylation of vasodilator-stimulated phosphoproteinSer157 or Ser239 . Moreover, neither cyclic AMP nor cyclic GMP levels were significantly increased after GK treatment. In mouse studies, GK notably extended occlusion time in mesenteric vessels, while sparing bleeding time. In conclusion, GK's profound impact on platelet activation, achieved through inhibiting PLCγ2-PKC cascade, culminates in the suppression of downstream signaling and, ultimately, the inhibition of platelet aggregation. These findings underscore the promising therapeutic potential of GK in the CVDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih‐Wei Hsia
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Department of Medical ResearchTaipei Medical University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Lan‐Hsin Shu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacology, College of MedicineNational Taiwan UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ai‐Wei Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Oanh‐Thi Tran
- International Master/Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Hao Yang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Ting‐Lin Yen
- Department of Medical ResearchCathay General HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Chieh Huang
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Chih‐Hsuan Hsia
- Translational Medicine CenterShin Kong Wu Ho‐Su Memorial HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
| | | | - Kuan‐Rau Chiou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Shuang Ho HospitalTaipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Joen‐Rong Sheu
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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6
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Wang R, Wang C, Lu L, Yuan F, He F. Baicalin and baicalein in modulating tumor microenvironment for cancer treatment: A comprehensive review with future perspectives. Pharmacol Res 2024; 199:107032. [PMID: 38061594 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.107032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. The burden of cancer incidence and mortality is increasing rapidly. New approaches to cancer prevention and treatment are urgently needed. Natural products are reliable and powerful sources for anticancer drug discovery. Baicalin and baicalein, two major flavones isolated from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, a multi-purpose traditional medicinal plant in China, exhibit anticancer activities against multiple cancers. Of note, these phytochemicals exhibit extremely low toxicity to normal cells. Besides their cytotoxic and cytostatic activities toward diverse tumor cells, recent studies demonstrated that baicalin and baicalein modulate a variety of tumor stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) in the tumor microenvironment (TME), which is essential for tumorigenesis, cancer progression and metastasis. In this review, we summarize the therapeutic potential and the mechanism of action of baicalin and baicalein in the regulation of tumor microenvironmental immune cells, endothelial cells, fibroblasts, and ECM that reshape the TME and cancer signaling, leading to inhibition of tumor angiogenesis, progression, and metastasis. In addition, we discuss the biotransformation pathways of baicalin and baicalein, related therapeutic challenges and the future research directions to improve their bioavailability and clinical anticancer applications. Recent advances of baicalin and baicalein warrant their continued study as important natural ways for cancer interception and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruolei Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lianheng Lu
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fuwen Yuan
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
| | - Feng He
- The Center for Cancer Research, School of Integrative Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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7
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Stanger L, Yamaguchi A, Holinstat M. Antiplatelet strategies: past, present, and future. J Thromb Haemost 2023; 21:3317-3328. [PMID: 38000851 PMCID: PMC10683860 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtha.2023.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy plays a critical role in the prevention and treatment of major cardiovascular diseases triggered by thrombosis. Since the 1900s, significant progress in reducing morbidity and death caused by cardiovascular diseases has been made. However, despite the development and approval of drugs that specifically target the platelet, including inhibitors for cycloxygenase-1, P2Y12 receptor, integrin αIIbβ3, phosphodiesterases, and protease-activated receptor 1, the risk of recurrent thrombotic events remains high, and the increased risk of bleeding is a major concern. Scientific advances in our understanding of the role of platelets in haemostasis and thrombosis have revealed novel targets, such as protease-activated receptor 4 (PAR4), glycoprotein Ib (GPIb)-V-IX complex, glycoprotein VI, and 12-lipoxygenase. The antithrombotic effects and safety of the pharmacologic inhibition of these targets are currently under investigation in clinical studies. This review provides an overview of drugs in early development to target the platelet and those in current use in clinical practice. Furthermore, it describes the emerging drug targets being developed and studied to reduce platelet activity and outlines potential novel therapeutic targets in the platelet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Stanger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Adriana Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA; Department of Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
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8
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Sim MMS, Shiferawe S, Wood JP. Novel strategies in antithrombotic therapy: targeting thrombosis while preserving hemostasis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1272971. [PMID: 37937289 PMCID: PMC10626538 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1272971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antithrombotic therapy is a delicate balance between the benefits of preventing a thrombotic event and the risks of inducing a major bleed. Traditional approaches have included antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications, require careful dosing and monitoring, and all carry some risk of bleeding. In recent years, several new targets have been identified, both in the platelet and coagulation systems, which may mitigate this bleeding risk. In this review, we briefly describe the current state of antithrombotic therapy, and then present a detailed discussion of the new generation of drugs that are being developed to target more safely existing or newly identified pathways, alongside the strategies to reverse direct oral anticoagulants, showcasing the breadth of approaches. Combined, these exciting advances in antithrombotic therapy bring us closer than we have ever been to the "holy grail" of the field, a treatment that separates the hemostatic and thrombotic systems, preventing clots without any concurrent bleeding risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha M. S. Sim
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Semekidus Shiferawe
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
| | - Jeremy P. Wood
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Saha Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine Gill Heart and Vascular Institute, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, United States
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9
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Mobbs JI, Black KA, Tran M, Burger WAC, Venugopal H, Holman TR, Holinstat M, Thal DM, Glukhova A. Cryo-EM structures of human arachidonate 12S-lipoxygenase bound to endogenous and exogenous inhibitors. Blood 2023; 142:1233-1242. [PMID: 37506345 PMCID: PMC10579047 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Human 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) is a key enzyme involved in platelet activation, and the regulation of its activity has been targeted for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Despite the clinical importance of 12-LOX, the exact mechanisms by which it affects platelet activation are not fully understood, and the lack of structural information has limited drug discovery efforts. In this study, we used single-particle cryo-electron microscopy to determine high-resolution structures (1.7-2.8 Å) of human 12-LOX. Our results showed that 12-LOX can exist in multiple oligomeric states, from monomer to hexamer, which may affect its catalytic activity and membrane association. We also identified different conformations within the 12-LOX dimer, which likely represent different time points in its catalytic cycle. Furthermore, we identified small molecules bound to 12-LOX. The active site of the 12-LOX tetramer was occupied by an endogenous 12-LOX inhibitor, a long-chain acyl coenzyme A. In addition, we found that the 12-LOX hexamer can simultaneously bind to arachidonic acid and ML355, a selective 12-LOX inhibitor that has passed a phase 1 clinical trial for the treatment of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia and received a fast-track designation by the Food and Drug Administration. Overall, our findings provide novel insights into the assembly of 12-LOX oligomers, their catalytic mechanism, and small molecule binding, paving the way for further drug development targeting the 12-LOX enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I. Mobbs
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Katrina A. Black
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Wessel A. C. Burger
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hariprasad Venugopal
- Ramaciotti Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Theodore R. Holman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - David M. Thal
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Alisa Glukhova
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- ARC Centre for Cryo-Electron Microscopy of Membrane Proteins, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Structural Biology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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10
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Renna SA, Zhao X, Kunapuli SP, Ma P, Holinstat M, Boxer MB, Maloney DJ, Michael JV, McKenzie SE. Novel Strategy to Combat the Procoagulant Phenotype in Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Using 12-LOX Inhibition. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2023; 43:1808-1817. [PMID: 37345522 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a major concern for all individuals that undergo cardiac bypass surgeries or require prolonged heparin exposure. HIT is a life- and limb-threatening adverse drug reaction with an immune response following the formation of ultra-large immune complexes that drive platelet activation through the receptor FcγRIIA. Thrombotic events remain high following the standard of care treatment with anticoagulants, while increasing risk of bleeding complications. This study sought to investigate a novel approach to treatment of HIT. Recent reports demonstrate increased procoagulant activity in HIT; however, these reports required analysis ex vivo, and relevance in vivo remains unclear. METHODS Using human and mouse model systems, we investigated the cooperativity of PARs (protease-activated receptors) and FcγRIIA in HIT. We challenged humanized FcγRIIA transgenic mice with or without endogenous mouse Par4 (denoted as IIA-Par4+/+ or IIA-Par4-/-, respectively) with a well-established model IgG immune complex (anti [α]-CD9). Furthermore, we assessed the procoagulant phenotype and efficacy to treat HIT utilizing inhibitor of 12-LOX (12[S]-lipoxygenase), VLX-1005, previously reported to decrease platelet activation downstream of FcγRIIA and PAR4, using the triple allele HIT mouse model. RESULTS IIA-Par4+/+ mice given αCD9 were severely thrombocytopenic, with extensive platelet-fibrin deposition in the lung. In contrast, IIA-Par4-/- mice had negligible thrombocytopenia or pulmonary platelet-fibrin thrombi. We observed that pharmacological inhibition of 12-LOX resulted in a significant reduction in both platelet procoagulant phenotype ex vivo, and thrombocytopenia and thrombosis in our humanized mouse model of HIT in vivo. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate for the first time the need for dual platelet receptor (PAR and FcγRIIA) stimulation for fibrin formation in HIT in vivo. These results extend our understanding of HIT pathophysiology and provide a scientific rationale for targeting the procoagulant phenotype as a possible therapeutic strategy in HIT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie A Renna
- The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (S.A.R., X.Z., P.M., J.V.M., S.E.M.)
| | - Xuefei Zhao
- The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (S.A.R., X.Z., P.M., J.V.M., S.E.M.)
| | - Satya P Kunapuli
- Sol Sherry Thrombosis Center and the Department of Physiology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA (S.P.K.)
| | - Peisong Ma
- The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (S.A.R., X.Z., P.M., J.V.M., S.E.M.)
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor (M.H.)
| | | | | | - James V Michael
- The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (S.A.R., X.Z., P.M., J.V.M., S.E.M.)
| | - Steven E McKenzie
- The Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA (S.A.R., X.Z., P.M., J.V.M., S.E.M.)
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11
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Gawaz M, Geisler T, Borst O. Current concepts and novel targets for antiplatelet therapy. Nat Rev Cardiol 2023; 20:583-599. [PMID: 37016032 DOI: 10.1038/s41569-023-00854-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/06/2023]
Abstract
Platelets have a crucial role in haemostasis and atherothrombosis. Pharmacological control of platelet hyper-reactivity has become a cornerstone in the prevention of thrombo-ischaemic complications in atherosclerotic diseases. Current antiplatelet therapies substantially improve clinical outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease, but at the cost of increased risk of bleeding. Beyond their role in thrombosis, platelets are known to regulate inflammatory (thrombo-inflammatory) and microcirculatory pathways. Therefore, controlling platelet hyper-reactivity might have implications for both tissue inflammation (myocardial ischaemia) and vascular inflammation (vulnerable plaque formation) to prevent atherosclerosis. In this Review, we summarize the pathophysiological role of platelets in acute myocardial ischaemia, vascular inflammation and atherosclerotic progression. Furthermore, we highlight current clinical concepts of antiplatelet therapy that have contributed to improving patient care and have facilitated more individualized therapy. Finally, we discuss novel therapeutic targets and compounds for antiplatelet therapy that are currently in preclinical development, some of which have a more favourable safety profile than currently approved drugs with regard to bleeding risk. These novel antiplatelet targets might offer new strategies to treat cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
| | - Tobias Geisler
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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12
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Meng H, Sengupta A, Ricciotti E, Mrčela A, Mathew D, Mazaleuskaya LL, Ghosh S, Brooks TG, Turner AP, Schanoski AS, Lahens NF, Tan AW, Woolfork A, Grant G, Susztak K, Letizia AG, Sealfon SC, Wherry EJ, Laudanski K, Weljie AM, Meyer NB, FitzGerald GA. Deep Phenotyping of the Lipidomic Response in COVID and non-COVID Sepsis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.02.543298. [PMID: 37398323 PMCID: PMC10312560 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.02.543298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Lipids may influence cellular penetrance by pathogens and the immune response that they evoke. Here we find a broad based lipidomic storm driven predominantly by secretory (s) phospholipase A 2 (sPLA 2 ) dependent eicosanoid production occurs in patients with sepsis of viral and bacterial origin and relates to disease severity in COVID-19. Elevations in the cyclooxygenase (COX) products of arachidonic acid (AA), PGD 2 and PGI 2 , and the AA lipoxygenase (LOX) product, 12-HETE, and a reduction in the high abundance lipids, ChoE 18:3, LPC-O-16:0 and PC-O-30:0 exhibit relative specificity for COVID-19 amongst such patients, correlate with the inflammatory response and link to disease severity. Linoleic acid (LA) binds directly to SARS-CoV-2 and both LA and its di-HOME products reflect disease severity in COVID-19. AA and LA metabolites and LPC-O-16:0 linked variably to the immune response. These studies yield prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for patients with sepsis, including COVID-19. An interactive purpose built interactive network analysis tool was developed, allowing the community to interrogate connections across these multiomic data and generate novel hypotheses.
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13
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Stanger L, Holinstat M. Bioactive lipid regulation of platelet function, hemostasis, and thrombosis. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108420. [PMID: 37100208 PMCID: PMC11143998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are small, anucleate cells in the blood that play a crucial role in the hemostatic response but are also implicated in the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. It is widely appreciated that polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) play an integral role in the function and regulation of platelets. PUFAs are substrates for oxygenase enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX), 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) and 15-lipoxygenase (15-LOX). These enzymes generate oxidized lipids (oxylipins) that exhibit either pro- or anti-thrombotic effects. Although the effects of certain oxylipins, such as thromboxanes and prostaglandins, have been studied for decades, only one oxylipin has been therapeutically targeted to treat cardiovascular disease. In addition to the well-known oxylipins, newer oxylipins that demonstrate activity in the platelet have been discovered, further highlighting the expansive list of bioactive lipids that can be used to develop novel therapeutics. This review outlines the known oxylipins, their activity in the platelet, and current therapeutics that target oxylipin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Stanger
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America.
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14
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Puricelli C, Boggio E, Gigliotti CL, Stoppa I, Sutti S, Giordano M, Dianzani U, Rolla R. Platelets, Protean Cells with All-Around Functions and Multifaceted Pharmacological Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4565. [PMID: 36901997 PMCID: PMC10002540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets, traditionally known for their roles in hemostasis and coagulation, are the most prevalent blood component after erythrocytes (150,000-400,000 platelets/μL in healthy humans). However, only 10,000 platelets/μL are needed for vessel wall repair and wound healing. Increased knowledge of the platelet's role in hemostasis has led to many advances in understanding that they are crucial mediators in many other physiological processes, such as innate and adaptive immunity. Due to their multiple functions, platelet dysfunction is involved not only in thrombosis, mediating myocardial infarction, stroke, and venous thromboembolism, but also in several other disorders, such as tumors, autoimmune diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. On the other hand, thanks to their multiple functions, nowadays platelets are therapeutic targets in different pathologies, in addition to atherothrombotic diseases; they can be used as an innovative drug delivery system, and their derivatives, such as platelet lysates and platelet extracellular vesicles (pEVs), can be useful in regenerative medicine and many other fields. The protean role of platelets, from the name of Proteus, a Greek mythological divinity who could take on different shapes or aspects, is precisely the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Puricelli
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Elena Boggio
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- NOVAICOS s.r.l.s, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Casimiro Luca Gigliotti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- NOVAICOS s.r.l.s, Via Amico Canobio 4/6, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Ian Stoppa
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Salvatore Sutti
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mara Giordano
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Umberto Dianzani
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Roberta Rolla
- Department of Health Sciences, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Corso Mazzini 18, 28100 Novara, Italy
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15
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Tran M, Signorelli RL, Yamaguchi A, Chen E, Holinstat M, Iavarone AT, Offenbacher AR, Holman T. Biochemical and hydrogen-deuterium exchange studies of the single nucleotide polymorphism Y649C in human platelet 12-lipoxygenase linked to a bleeding disorder. Arch Biochem Biophys 2023; 733:109472. [PMID: 36442529 PMCID: PMC9888433 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2022.109472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Human platelet 12-lipoxygenase (h12-LOX) is responsible for the formation of oxylipin products that play an important role in platelet aggregation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of h12-LOX have been implicated in several diseases. In this study, we investigate the structural, dynamical, and functional impact of a h12-LOX SNP that generates a tyrosine-to-cysteine mutation at a buried site (Y649C h12-LOX) and was previously ascribed with reduced levels of 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE) production in isolated platelets. Herein, in vitro Michaelis-Menten kinetics show reduced catalytic rates for Y649C compared to WT h12-LOX at physiological or lower temperatures. Both proteins exhibited similar melting temperatures, metal content, and oligomerization state. Liposome binding for both proteins was also dependent upon the presence of calcium, temperature, and liposome composition; however, the Y649C variant was found to have lowered binding capacity to liposomes compared to WT at physiological temperatures. Further, hydrogen-deuterium exchange mass spectrometry (HDX-MS) experiments revealed a regional defined enhancement in the peptide mobility caused by the mutation. This increased instability for the mutation stemmed from a change in an interaction with an arched helix that lines the substrate binding site, located ≥15 Å from the mutation site. Finally, differential scanning calorimetry demonstrated a reduced protein (un)folding enthalpy, consistent with the HDX results. Taken together, these results demonstrate remarkable similarity between the mutant and WT h12-LOX, and yet, subtle changes in activity, membrane affinity and protein stability may be responsible for the significant physiological changes that the Y649C SNP manifests in platelet biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Tran
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | | | - Adriana Yamaguchi
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Eefie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Anthony T. Iavarone
- QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Adam R. Offenbacher
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, 27858, USA,Corresponding author. (A.R. Offenbacher)
| | - Theodore Holman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, 95064, USA,Corresponding author. (T. Holman)
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16
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Role of Omega-6 Fatty Acid Metabolism in Cardiac Surgery Postoperative Bleeding Risk. Crit Care Explor 2022; 4:e0763. [PMID: 36248314 PMCID: PMC9555905 DOI: 10.1097/cce.0000000000000763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac surgery is frequently associated with significant postoperative bleeding. Platelet-dysfunction is the main cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB)-induced hemostatic defect. Not only the number of platelets decreases, but also the remaining are functionally impaired. Although lipid metabolism is crucial for platelet function, little is known regarding platelet metabolic changes associated with CPB-dysfunction. Our aim is to explore possible contribution of metabolic perturbations for platelet dysfunction after cardiac surgery. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. SETTING Tertiary academic cardiothoracic-surgery ICU. PATIENTS Thirty-three patients submitted to elective surgical aortic valve replacement. INTERVENTIONS Samples from patients were collected at three time points (preoperative, 6- and 24-hr postoperative). Untargeted metabolic analysis using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was performed to compare patients with significant postoperative bleeding with patients without hemorrhage. Principal component analyses, Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests, adjusted to FDR, and pairwise comparison were used to identify pathways of interest. Enrichment and pathway metabolomic complemented the analyses. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS We identified a platelet-related signature based on an overrepresentation of changes in known fatty acid metabolism pathways involved in platelet function. We observed that arachidonic acid (AA) levels and other metabolites from the pathway were reduced at 6 and 24 hours, independently from antiagreggation therapy and platelet count. Concentrations of preoperative AA were inversely correlated with postoperative chest tube blood loss but were not correlated with platelet count in the preoperative, at 6 or at 24 hours. Patients with significant postoperative blood-loss had considerably lower values of AA and higher transfusion rates. Values of postoperative interleukin-6 were strongly correlated with AA variability. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Our observations suggest that an inflammatory-related perturbation of AA metabolism is a signature of cardiac surgery with CPB and that preoperative levels of AA may be more relevant than platelet count to anticipate and prevent postoperative blood loss in patients submitted to cardiac surgery with CPB.
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17
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Contursi A, Tacconelli S, Hofling U, Bruno A, Dovizio M, Ballerini P, Patrignani P. Biology and pharmacology of platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase in platelets, cancer cells, and their crosstalk. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 205:115252. [PMID: 36130648 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-type lipoxygenase (pl12-LOX), encoded by ALOX12, catalyzes the production of the lipid mediator 12S-hydroperoxyeicosa-5,8,10,14-tetraenoic acid (12S-HpETE), which is quickly reduced by cellular peroxidases to form 12(S)-hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (12S-HETE). Platelets express high levels of pl12-LOX and generate considerable amounts of 12S-HETE from arachidonic acid (AA; C20:4, n-6). The development of sensitive chiral liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) methods has allowed the accurate quantification of 12S-HETE in biological samples. Moreover, advances in the knowledge of the mechanism of action of 12S-HETE have been achieved. The orphan G-protein-coupled receptor 31 (GPR31) has been identified as the high-affinity 12S-HETE receptor. Moreover, upon platelet activation, 12S-HETE is produced, and significant amounts are found esterified to membrane phospholipids (PLs), such as phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylcholine (PC), promoting thrombin generation. Platelets play many roles in cancer metastasis. Among them, the platelets' ability to interact with cancer cells and transfer platelet molecules by the release of extracellular vesicles (EVs) is noteworthy. Recently, it was found that platelets induce epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) in cancer cells, a phenomenon known to confer high-grade malignancy, through the transfer of pl12-LOX contained in platelet-derived EVs. These cancer cells now generate 12-HETE, considered a key modulator of cancer metastasis. Interestingly, 12-HETE was mainly found esterified in plasmalogen phospholipids of cancer cells. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the regulation and functions of pl12-LOX in platelets and cancer cells and their crosstalk.Novel approaches to preventing cancer and metastasis by the pharmacological inhibition of pl12-LOX and the internalization of mEVs are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annalisa Contursi
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stefania Tacconelli
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Ulrika Hofling
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Patrignani
- Center for Advanced Studies and Technology (CAST), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
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18
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Manke MC, Ahrends R, Borst O. Platelet lipid metabolism in vascular thrombo-inflammation. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 237:108258. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Shpakova V, Rukoyatkina N, Al Arawe N, Prilepskaya A, Kharazova A, Sharina I, Gambaryan S, Martin E. ML355 Modulates Platelet Activation and Prevents ABT-737 Induced Apoptosis in Platelets. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2022; 381:164-175. [PMID: 35197320 PMCID: PMC9073945 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.121.000973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
12-lipoxigenase (12-LOX) is implicated in regulation of platelet activation processes and can be a new promising target for antiplatelet therapy. However, investigations of 12-LOX were restricted by the lack of specific and potent 12-LOX inhibitors and by controversial data concerning the role of 12-LOX metabolites in platelet functions. A novel specific 12-LOX inhibitor ML355 was shown to inhibit platelet aggregation without adverse side effects on hemostasis; however, the molecular mechanisms of its action on platelets are poorly understood. Here, we showed that ML355 inhibited platelet activation induced by thrombin or thromboxane A2, but not by collagen-related peptide. ML355 blocked protein kinase B, phosphoinositide 3-kinase, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase, but not p38 kinase, spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk), or phospholipase Cγ2 phosphorylation in activated platelets. The main inhibitory effect of low doses of ML355 (1-20 μM) on thrombin activated platelets was mediated by the decrease in reactive oxygen species level, whereas high doses of ML355 (50 μM) caused cyclic adenosine monophosphate activation. ML355 did not affect the activity of nitric oxide-dependent soluble guanylyl cyclase, nor did it affect the relaxation of preconstricted aortic rings in mice. ML355 itself did not affect platelet viability, but at 50 μM dose blocked caspase-dependent apoptosis induced by B-cell lymphoma II inhibitor ABT-737. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: The current paper provides novel and original data concerning molecular mechanisms of 12-LOX inhibitor ML355 action on platelets. These data reveal antiplatelet and protective effects of ML355 on platelets and may be of importance for both antiplatelet and anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Shpakova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Natalia Rukoyatkina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Nada Al Arawe
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Anna Prilepskaya
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Alexandra Kharazova
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Iraida Sharina
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Stepan Gambaryan
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
| | - Emil Martin
- Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia (V.S., N.R., S.G.); Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia (N.A.A., A.P., A.K.); and Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University of Texas Houston Medical School, Houston, Texas (I.S., E.M.)
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20
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Live imaging of platelets and neutrophils during antibody-mediated neurovascular thrombosis. Blood Adv 2022; 6:3697-3702. [PMID: 35452514 PMCID: PMC9040505 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2021006728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune complexes form in systemic disorders such as rheumatological, autoimmune, and allergic diseases, or in response to infections or medications. SARS-CoV-2 adenoviral vector vaccines have been associated with rare, yet serious thrombotic complications in the brain due to the formation of immune complexes that activate platelets. There is currently no data visualizing the interplay of platelets with leukocytes and the brain vasculature endothelium in response to immune complexes. This is in part due to the absence of FcγRIIA in mice, a receptor for immune complexes implicated in these thrombotic incidents. Here, we describe and illustrate events at the cellular level that take place in the brain vasculature in response to systemic administration of surrogate immune complexes. We utilized Ly6gCre+/-::Rosa26-TdT+/-::CD41-YFP+/- mice expressing the FcγRIIA transgene and fluorescence in neutrophils and platelets. Using real-time videomicroscopy to capture high velocity events in conjunction with unbiased computer assisted analyses, we provide images and quantifications of the cellular responses downstream FcγRIIA stimulation. We observed transient and stable platelet-neutrophil interactions, platelets forming thrombi, and neutrophil adhesion to blood vessel walls. This imaging approach in a quadruple transgenic animal model can be utilized for the study of the pathogenic roles of immune complexes in disease.
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21
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Atypical Roles of the Chemokine Receptor ACKR3/CXCR7 in Platelet Pathophysiology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11020213. [PMID: 35053329 PMCID: PMC8773869 DOI: 10.3390/cells11020213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The manifold actions of the pro-inflammatory and regenerative chemokine CXCL12/SDF-1α are executed through the canonical GProteinCoupledReceptor CXCR4, and the non-canonical ACKR3/CXCR7. Platelets express CXCR4, ACKR3/CXCR7, and are a vital source of CXCL12/SDF-1α themselves. In recent years, a regulatory impact of the CXCL12-CXCR4-CXCR7 axis on platelet biogenesis, i.e., megakaryopoiesis, thrombotic and thrombo-inflammatory actions have been revealed through experimental and clinical studies. Platelet surface expression of ACKR3/CXCR7 is significantly enhanced following myocardial infarction (MI) in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, and is also associated with improved functional recovery and prognosis. The therapeutic implications of ACKR3/CXCR7 in myocardial regeneration and improved recovery following an ischemic episode, are well documented. Cardiomyocytes, cardiac-fibroblasts, endothelial lining of the blood vessels perfusing the heart, besides infiltrating platelets and monocytes, all express ACKR3/CXCR7. This review recapitulates ligand induced differential trafficking of platelet CXCR4-ACKR3/CXCR7 affecting their surface availability, and in regulating thrombo-inflammatory platelet functions and survival through CXCR4 or ACKR3/CXCR7. It emphasizes the pro-thrombotic influence of CXCL12/SDF-1α exerted through CXCR4, as opposed to the anti-thrombotic impact of ACKR3/CXCR7. Offering an innovative translational perspective, this review also discusses the advantages and challenges of utilizing ACKR3/CXCR7 as a potential anti-thrombotic strategy in platelet-associated cardiovascular disorders, particularly in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients post-MI.
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22
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Turnbull RE, Sander KN, Turnbull J, Barrett DA, Goodall AH. Profiling oxylipins released from human platelets activated through the GPVI collagen receptor. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2021; 158:106607. [PMID: 34942378 DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2021.106607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In addition to haemostasis, platelets are involved in pathological processes, often driven by material released upon activation. Interaction between collagen and glycoprotein VI (GPVI) is a primary platelet stimulus that liberates arachidonic acid and linoleic acid from membrane phospholipids. These are oxidised by cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) to eicosanoids and other oxylipins with various biological properties. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry we found that GPVI-stimulated platelets released significant levels of ten oxylipins; the well documented TxA2 and 12-HETE, PGD2 and PGE2, as well as 8-, 9-, 11-, and 15-HETE, 9- and 13-HODE.1 Levels of oxylipins released from washed platelets mirrored those from platelets stimulated in the presence of plasma, indicating generation from intracellular, rather than exogenous AA/LA. Inhibition of COX-1 with aspirin, as expected, completely abolished production of TxA2 and PGD/E2, but also significantly inhibited the release of 11-HETE (89 ± 3%) and 9-HODE (74 ± 6%), and reduced 15-HETE and 13-HODE by ∼33 %. Inhibition of 12-LOX by either esculetin or ML355 inhibited the release of all oxylipins apart from 15-HETE. These findings suggest routes to modify the production of bioactive molecules released by activated platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert E Turnbull
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
| | - Katrin N Sander
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - James Turnbull
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - David A Barrett
- Centre for Analytical Bioscience, Advanced Materials and Healthcare Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Alison H Goodall
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and NIHR Cardiovascular Biomedical Research Unit, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK.
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23
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Zhang XJ, She ZG, Wang J, Sun D, Shen LJ, Xiang H, Cheng X, Ji YX, Huang YP, Li PL, Yang X, Cheng Y, Ma JP, Wang HP, Hu Y, Hu F, Tian S, Tian H, Zhang P, Zhao GN, Wang L, Hu ML, Yang Q, Zhu LH, Cai J, Yang J, Zhang X, Ma X, Xu Q, Touyz RM, Liu PP, Loomba R, Wang Y, Li H. Multiple omics study identifies an interspecies conserved driver for nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabg8117. [PMID: 34910546 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abg8117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jing Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhi-Gang She
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Junyong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Dating Sun
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Jun Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hui Xiang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xu Cheng
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yan-Xiao Ji
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yong-Ping Huang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Peng-Long Li
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yanjie Cheng
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jun-Peng Ma
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Hai-Ping Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Yufeng Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Fengjiao Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Song Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Han Tian
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Guang-Nian Zhao
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China
| | - Man-Li Hu
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Qin Yang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Li-Hua Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Jingjing Cai
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Juan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Xinliang Ma
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19004, USA
| | - Qingbo Xu
- Centre for Clinic Pharmacology, The William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London SE5 9NU, UK
| | - Rhian M Touyz
- British Heart Foundation Chair in Cardiovascular Medicine, and Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Peter P Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4W7, Canada
| | - Rohit Loomba
- NAFLD Research Center, Division of Gastroenterology and Epidemiology, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Yibin Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cardiovascular Research Laboratories, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Hongliang Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.,Institute of Model Animal of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.,Medical Science Research Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
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24
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Platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 Favors Anti-Platelet Lipids over an Atherothrombotic Lipidome and Regulates Thrombo-inflammation. Blood 2021; 139:1722-1742. [PMID: 34905596 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2021013097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet ACKR3/CXCR7 surface expression is enhanced and influences prognosis in coronary artery disease-(CAD) patients, who exhibit a distinct atherothrombotic platelet lipidome. Current investigation validates the potential of ACKR3/CXCR7 in regulating thrombo-inflammatory response, through its impact on the platelet lipidome. CAD patients-(n=230) with enhanced platelet-ACKR3/CXCR7 expression exhibited reduced aggregation. Pharmacological CXCR7-agonist-(VUF11207) significantly reduced pro-thrombotic platelet response in blood from ACS patients-(n=11) ex vivo. CXCR7-agonist administration reduced thrombotic functions and thrombo-inflammatory platelet-leukocyte interactions post myocardial infarction-(MI) and arterial injury in vivo. ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation did not affect surface availability of GPIbα, GPV, GPVI, GPIX, αv-integrin, β3-integrin, coagulation profile-(APTT, PT), bleeding time, plasma-dependent thrombin generation-(thrombinoscopy) or clot formation-(thromboelastography), but counteracted activation-induced phosphatidylserine exposure and procoagulant platelet-assisted thrombin generation. Targeted-(micro-UHPLC-ESI-QTrap-MS/MS) and untargeted-(UHPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS/MS) lipidomics analysis revealed that ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation favored generation of anti-thrombotic lipids-(dihomo-γ-linolenic acid-DGLA, 12-hydroxyeicosatrienoic acid-12-HETrE) over cyclooxygenase-COX-1-(thromboxane-TxA2), or 12-lipoxygenase-LOX-(12-HETE) metabolized pro-thrombotic, and phospholipase derived atherogenic-(lysophosphatidylcholine-LPC) lipids, in healthy subjects and CAD patients, contrary to anti-platelet therapy. Through 12-HETrE, ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation coordinated with Gαs-coupled prostacyclin receptor-(IP) to trigger cAMP-PKA mediated platelet inhibition. ACKR3/CXCR7-ligation reduced generation of lipid agonists-(arachidonic acid-AA,TxA2), lipid signaling intermediates-(lyophosphatidylinositol-LPI, diacylglycerol-DG), which affected calcium mobilization, intracellular signaling, consequently platelet interaction with physiological matrices and thrombo-inflammatory secretion-(IL1β,IFN-γ,TGF-β,IL-8), emphasizing its functional dichotomy from pro-thrombotic CXCR4. Moreover, CXCR7-agonist regulated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia-(HIT)-sera/IgG-induced platelet and neutrophil activation, heparin induced platelet aggregation-(HIPA), generation of COX-1-(TxA2), 12-LOX-(12-HETE) derived thrombo-inflammatory lipids, platelet-neutrophil aggregate formation, and thrombo-inflammatory secretion (sCD40L, IL-1β, IFN-γ, TNF-α, sP-selectin, IL-8, tissue factor-TF) ex vivo. Therefore, ACKR3/CXCR7 may offer a novel therapeutic strategy in acute/chronic thrombo-inflammation exaggerated cardiovascular pathologies, and CAD.
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25
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Michael E, Covic L, Kuliopulos A. Lipopeptide Pepducins as Therapeutic Agents. Methods Mol Biol 2021; 2383:307-333. [PMID: 34766299 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1752-6_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Pepducins are lipidated peptides that target the intracellular loops of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in order to modulate transmembrane signaling to internally located effectors. With a wide array of potential activities ranging from partial, biased, or full agonism to antagonism, pepducins represent a versatile class of compounds that can be used to potentially treat diverse human diseases or be employed as novel tools to probe complex mechanisms of receptor activation and signaling in cells and in animals. Here, we describe a number of different pepducins including an advanced compound, PZ-128, that has successfully progressed through phase 2 clinical trials in cardiac patients demonstrating safety and efficacy in suppressing myonecrosis and arterial thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Michael
- Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lidija Covic
- Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Athan Kuliopulos
- Center of Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.
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26
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Tsai WC, Aleem AM, Tena J, Rivera-Velazquez M, Brah HS, Tripathi S, D'silva M, Nadler JL, Kalyanaraman C, Jacobson MP, Holman T. Docking and mutagenesis studies lead to improved inhibitor development of ML355 for human platelet 12-lipoxygenase. Bioorg Med Chem 2021; 46:116347. [PMID: 34507163 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2021.116347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Human platelet 12-(S)-Lipoxygenase (12-LOX) is a fatty acid metabolizing oxygenase that plays an important role in platelet activation and cardiometabolic disease. ML355 is a specific 12-LOX inhibitor that has been shown to decrease thrombosis without prolonging hemostasis and protect human pancreatic islets from inflammatory injury. It has an amenable drug-like scaffold with nM potency and encouraging ADME and PK profiles, but its binding mode to the active site of 12-LOX remains unclear. In the current work, we combined computational modeling and experimental mutagenesis to propose a model in which ML355 conforms to the "U" shape of the 12-LOX active site, with the phenyl linker region wrapping around L407. The benzothiazole of ML355 extends into the bottom of the active site cavity, pointing towards residues A417 and V418. However, reducing the active site depth alone did not affect ML355 potency. In order to lower the potency of ML355, the cavity needed to be reduced in both length and width. In addition, H596 appears to position ML355 in the active site through an interaction with the 2-methoxy phenol moiety of ML355. Combined, this binding model suggested that the benzothiazole of ML355 could be enlarged. Therefore, a naphthyl-benzothiazole derivative of ML355, Lox12Slug001, was synthesized and shown to have 7.2-fold greater potency than ML355. This greater potency is proposed to be due to additional van der Waals interactions and pi-pi stacking with F414 and F352. Lox12Slug001 was also shown to be highly selective against 12-LOX relative to the other LOX isozymes and more importantly, it showed activity in rescuing human islets exposed to inflammatory cytokines with comparable potency to ML355. Further studies are currently being pursued to derivatize ML355 in order to optimize the additional space in the active site, while maintaining acceptable drug-like properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Ansari M Aleem
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Jennyfer Tena
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Mirella Rivera-Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Harman Singh Brah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Sarvind Tripathi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States
| | - Melinee D'silva
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Jerry L Nadler
- Department of Medicine and Pharmacology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
| | - Chakrapani Kalyanaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States
| | - Theodore Holman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, United States.
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27
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28
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Manke MC, Geue S, Coman C, Peng B, Kollotzek F, Münzer P, Walker B, Huber SM, Rath D, Sickmann A, Stegner D, Duerschmied D, Lang F, Nieswandt B, Gawaz M, Ahrends R, Borst O. ANXA7 Regulates Platelet Lipid Metabolism and Ca 2+ Release in Arterial Thrombosis. Circ Res 2021; 129:494-507. [PMID: 34176316 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.319207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
[Figure: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Mailin-Christin Manke
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Sascha Geue
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria (C.C., R.A.)
| | - Bing Peng
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden (B.P.).,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - Ferdinand Kollotzek
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Patrick Münzer
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
| | - Britta Walker
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M Huber
- Department of Radiation Oncology (S.M.H.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Dominik Rath
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Albert Sickmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Germany (D.S., B.N.)
| | - Daniel Duerschmied
- Heart Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Germany (D.D.)
| | - Florian Lang
- Department of Physiology (F.L.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Bernhard Nieswandt
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital and Rudolf Virchow Center for Integrative and Translational Bioimaging, University of Würzburg, Germany (D.S., B.N.)
| | - Meinrad Gawaz
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Austria (C.C., R.A.).,Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS, Dortmund, Germany (B.P., A.S., R.A.)
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Cardiovascular Medicine (M.-C.M., S.G., F.K., P.M., B.W., D.R., M.G., O.B.), University of Tübingen, Germany.,DFG Heisenberg Group Thrombocardiology (M.-C.M., F.K., P.M., O.B.)
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29
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Magruder M, Rodeo SA. Is Antiplatelet Therapy Contraindicated After Platelet-Rich Plasma Treatment? A Narrative Review. Orthop J Sports Med 2021; 9:23259671211010510. [PMID: 34179207 PMCID: PMC8202276 DOI: 10.1177/23259671211010510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antiplatelet therapies are often withheld before and after platelet-rich plasma product (PRPP) administration due to theoretical concerns that therapies that inhibit the function of platelets would inhibit the effects of PRPP. Purpose/Hypothesis The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect that antiplatelet therapies have on the ability of PRPP to stimulate wound healing and tissue regeneration. Our hypothesis was that antiplatelet therapies would have highly heterogeneous effects on the biological activity of PRPP. Study Design Narrative review. Methods The Medline database was searched via PubMed to identify all studies related to PRPP and antiplatelet therapies, yielding 1417 publications. After the search was confined to articles published after 1995, there were 901 articles remaining. All abstracts were then screened to identify animal or human clinical studies that focused on growth factor or inflammatory cytokine production or treatment outcomes. We limited our analysis to studies reporting on orthopaedic pathologies and in vitro studies of antiplatelet therapies. Ultimately, 12 articles fit the search criteria. Results The majority of studies reported on the use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs as antiplatelet therapy. The majority of studies were in vitro analyses of growth factors, inflammatory cytokines, or cell viability, whereas 1 study examined clinical outcomes in an animal model. None of the studies investigated clinical outcomes in humans. All of the studies showed no effect or mixed effects of antiplatelet therapies on PRPP efficacy. One study showed PRPP recovery to baseline function after a 1-week washout period. Conclusion The literature did not provide support for the common clinical practice of withholding antiplatelet therapies in patients being treated with PRPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Magruder
- Area of Concentration Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
| | - Scott A Rodeo
- Area of Concentration Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA.,Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
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30
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Patel P, Michael JV, Naik UP, McKenzie SE. Platelet FcγRIIA in immunity and thrombosis: Adaptive immunothrombosis. J Thromb Haemost 2021; 19:1149-1160. [PMID: 33587783 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis and autoimmune diseases remain major causes of morbidity and mortality. The last decade has seen a new appreciation of platelets in host defense, in both immunity and thrombosis. Platelets are first responders in the blood to microbes or non-microbial antigens. The role of platelets in physiologic immunity is counterbalanced by their role in pathology, for example, microvascular thrombosis. Platelets encounter microbes and antigens via both innate and adaptive immune processes; platelets also help to shape the subsequent adaptive response. FcγRIIA is a receptor for immune complexes opsonized by IgG or pentraxins, and expressed in humans by platelets, granulocytes, monocytes and macrophages. With consideration of the roles of IgG and Fc receptors, the host response to microbes and autoantigens can be called adaptive immunothrombosis. Here we review newer developments involving platelet FcγRIIA in humans and humanized mice in immunity and thrombosis, with special attention to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia, systemic lupus erythematosus, and bacterial sepsis. Human genetic diversity in platelet receptors and the utility of humanized mouse models are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Patel
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - James V Michael
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ulhas P Naik
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Steven E McKenzie
- Department of Medicine, Cardeza Foundation for Hematological Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
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31
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Hvas AM, Favaloro EJ, Hellfritzsch M. Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia: pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Expert Rev Hematol 2021; 14:335-346. [PMID: 33736552 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2021.1905512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Immune-mediated heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is an infrequent complication following heparin exposure but with potentially fatal outcome due to thrombotic complications. Prompt suspension of heparin is necessary if HIT is suspected, followed by initiation of non-heparin anticoagulant therapy.Areas covered: In this review, the pathophysiology and challenges in diagnosing HIT are elucidated. Current and emerging treatment options are discussed with special focus on parenteral thrombin inhibitors (argatroban, bivalirudin), parenteral factor Xa inhibitors (danaparoid, fondaparinux) and direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs [rivaroxaban, apixaban, dabigatran]) including dosing strategies for DOACs. The database PubMed was employed without time boundaries.Expert opinion: Only argatroban holds regulatory approval for HIT treatment in both U.S. and Europe. This treatment is, however, challenged by the need for close monitoring and high costs. Fondaparinux has been increasingly used for off-label treatment and during recent years, evidence for the use of DOACs has emerged. Preliminary results from observational studies hold promise for future use of DOACs in the acute and subacute phase of HIT. However, so far, the use of DOACs in acute HIT should be reserved for clinically stable patients without severe thrombotic complications. Importantly, both fondaparinux and DOAC use is contraindicated in severe renal insufficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Mette Hvas
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Aarhus University Hospital and Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University. Address: Palle Juul-Jensens Boulevard 99, Aarhus N, Denmark
| | - Emmanuel J Favaloro
- Department of Haematology, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research (ICPMR), Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, Australia
| | - Maja Hellfritzsch
- Department of Cardiology, Herning Regional Hospital, Herning, Denmark
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Tsai WC, Aleem AM, Whittington C, Cortopassi WA, Kalyanaraman C, Baroz A, Iavarone AT, Skrzypczak-Jankun E, Jacobson MP, Offenbacher AR, Holman T. Mutagenesis, Hydrogen-Deuterium Exchange, and Molecular Docking Investigations Establish the Dimeric Interface of Human Platelet-Type 12-Lipoxygenase. Biochemistry 2021; 60:802-812. [PMID: 33635645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
It was previously shown that human platelet 12S-lipoxygenase (h12-LOX) exists as a dimer; however, the specific structure is unknown. In this study, we create a model of the dimer through a combination of computational methods, experimental mutagenesis, and hydrogen-deuterium exchange (HDX) investigations. Initially, Leu183 and Leu187 were replaced by negatively charged glutamate residues and neighboring aromatic residues were replaced with alanine residues (F174A/W176A/L183E/L187E/Y191A). This quintuple mutant disrupted both the hydrophobic and π-π interactions, generating an h12-LOX monomer. To refine the determinants for dimer formation further, the L183E/L187E mutant was generated and the equilibrium shifted mostly toward the monomer. We then submitted the predicted monomeric structure to protein-protein docking to create a model of the dimeric complex. A total of nine of the top 10 most energetically favorable docking conformations predict a TOP-to-TOP dimeric arrangement of h12-LOX, with the α-helices containing a Leu-rich region (L172, L183, L187, and L194), corroborating our experimental results showing the importance of these hydrophobic interactions for dimerization. This model was supported by HDX investigations that demonstrated the stabilization of four, non-overlapping peptides within helix α2 of the TOP subdomain for wt-h12-LOX, consistent with the dimer interface. Most importantly, our data reveal that the dimer and monomer of h12-LOX have distinct biochemical properties, suggesting that the structural changes due to dimerization have allosteric effects on active site catalysis and inhibitor binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Chen Tsai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Ansari Mukhtar Aleem
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Chris Whittington
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Wilian A Cortopassi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Chakrapani Kalyanaraman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Angel Baroz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
| | - Anthony T Iavarone
- QB3/Chemistry Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ewa Skrzypczak-Jankun
- Department of Urology, University of Toledo, Health Science Campus, Toledo, Ohio 43614, United States
| | - Matthew P Jacobson
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Adam R Offenbacher
- Department of Chemistry, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, United States
| | - Theodore Holman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, United States
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Mitsui T, Makino S, Tamiya G, Sato H, Kawakami Y, Takahashi Y, Meguro T, Izumino H, Sudo Y, Norota I, Ishii K, Hayasaka K. ALOX12 mutation in a family with dominantly inherited bleeding diathesis. J Hum Genet 2021; 66:753-759. [PMID: 33564083 DOI: 10.1038/s10038-020-00887-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The arachidonic acid (AA) cascade plays a significant role in platelet aggregation. AA released from membrane phospholipids is metabolized by cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway to thromboxane A2 (TXA2) or by 12S-lipoxygenase (ALOX12) to 12-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HPETE). In contrast to a well-known role of the COX pathway in platelet aggregation, the role of ALOX12 is not well understood. Platelets of ALOX12-deficient mice exhibit increased sensitivity for ADP-induced aggregation. However, recent evidence strongly suggests a significant role of ALOX12 in platelet aggregation and calcium signaling. 12-HPETE potentiates thrombin- and thromboxane-induced platelet aggregation, and calcium signaling. Inhibition experiments of ALOX12 demonstrated decreased platelet aggregation and calcium signaling in stimulated platelets. We studied a family with a dominantly inherited bleeding diathesis using next-generation sequencing analysis. Platelet aggregation studies revealed that the proband's platelets had defective aggregation responses to ADP, TXA2 mimetic U46619, collagen, and AA, normal affinity of TXA2 receptor for U46619, and normal induction of GTPase activity upon stimulation with U46619. However, the production of inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) was only increased up to 30% of the control upon U46619 stimulation, suggesting a defect in phospholipase C-β2 (PLCB2) activation downstream from TXA2 receptors. Affected family members had no mutation of PLCB2, but had a heterozygous c.1946A > G (p.Tyr649Cys) mutation of ALOX12. ALOX12 activity in platelets from the affected members was decreased to 25-35% of the control. Our data strongly suggested that a heterozygous c.1946A > G ALOX12 mutation was a disease-causing mutation; however, further experiments are required to confirm the pathogenesis of ALOX12 mutation in platelet aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuo Mitsui
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan.
| | - Satoshi Makino
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Gen Tamiya
- Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. .,Statistical Genetics Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yuki Kawakami
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Takahashi
- Department of Nutritional Science, Faculty of Health and Welfare Science, Okayama Prefectural University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toru Meguro
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Hiroko Izumino
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Yosuke Sudo
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Ikuo Norota
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Ishii
- Department of Pharmacology, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Hayasaka
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamagata University School of Medicine, Yamagata, Japan. .,Department of Pediatrics, Miyukikai Hospital, Social Medical Corporation Miyuki, Kaminoyama, Japan.
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The Effect of Enhanced External Counterpulsation on Platelet Aggregation in Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. Cardiovasc Drugs Ther 2021; 36:263-269. [PMID: 33475876 DOI: 10.1007/s10557-020-07140-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to antiplatelet therapy, especially aspirin or clopidogrel, triggers other therapies for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). Enhanced external counterpulsation (EECP) is a noninvasive, pneumatic technique that provides beneficial effects for patients with CHD. However, the physiological effects of EECP have not been fully studied, and the role of EECP on platelet function remains poorly understood. METHODS A total of 168 patients with CHD were finally selected from the Second Xiangya Hospital and randomly assigned to either a control group or EECP group. The control group accepted only standard medical treatment, while the EECP group accepted standard medical treatment and EECP treatment. Blood samples were collected from patients at baseline and after EECP, and platelet aggregation was assessed. Changes in platelet aggregation were compared before and after treatment. RESULTS There was no difference in the basal levels of arachidonic acid (AA) induced platelet maximum aggregation ratio (MAR) between the two groups. The AA-induced platelet MAR was significantly decreased after EECP therapy. The logistic analysis showed that low HDL-C was not favorable for the decrease in platelet aggregation. CONCLUSION EECP therapy is favorable for lowering platelet aggregation in patients with CHD, especially the AA-induced platelet aggregation ratio.
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Van Doren L, Nguyen N, Garzia C, Fletcher EK, Stevenson R, Jaramillo D, Kuliopulos A, Covic L. Lipid Receptor GPR31 (G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 31) Regulates Platelet Reactivity and Thrombosis Without Affecting Hemostasis. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2021; 41:e33-e45. [PMID: 33267659 PMCID: PMC8108540 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.120.315154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE 12-LOX (12-lipoxygenase) produces a number of bioactive lipids including 12(S)-HETE that are involved in inflammation and platelet reactivity. The GPR31 (G-protein-coupled receptor 31) is the proposed receptor of 12(S)-HETE; however, it is not known whether the 12(S)-HETE-GPR31 signaling axis serves to enhance or inhibit platelet activity. Approach and Results: Using pepducin technology and biochemical approaches, we provide evidence that 12(S)-HETE-GPR31 signals through Gi to enhance PAR (protease-activated receptor)-4-mediated platelet activation and arterial thrombosis using both human platelets and mouse carotid artery injury models. 12(S)-HETE suppressed AC (adenylyl cyclase) activity through GPR31 and resulted in Rap1 (Ras-related protein 1) and p38 activation and low but detectable calcium flux but did not induce platelet aggregation. A GPR31 third intracellular (i3) loop-derived pepducin, GPR310 (G-protein-coupled receptor 310), significantly inhibited platelet aggregation in response to thrombin, collagen, and PAR4 agonist, AYPGKF, in human and mouse platelets but relative sparing of PAR1 agonist SFLLRN in human platelets. GPR310 treatment gave a highly significant 80% protection (P=0.0018) against ferric chloride-induced carotid artery injury in mice by extending occlusion time, without any effect on tail bleeding. PAR4-mediated dense granule secretion and calcium flux were both attenuated by GPR310. Consistent with these results, GPR310 inhibited 12(S)-HETE-mediated and PAR4-mediated Rap1-GTP and RASA3 translocation to the plasma membrane and attenuated PAR4-Akt and ERK activation. GPR310 caused a right shift in thrombin-mediated human platelet aggregation, comparable to the effects of inhibition of the Gi-coupled P2Y12 receptor. Co-immunoprecipitation studies revealed that GPR31 and PAR4 form a heterodimeric complex in recombinant systems. CONCLUSIONS The 12-LOX product 12(S)-HETE stimulates GPR31-Gi-signaling pathways, which enhance thrombin-PAR4 platelet activation and arterial thrombosis in human platelets and mouse models. Suppression of this bioactive lipid pathway, as exemplified by a GPR31 pepducin antagonist, may provide beneficial protective effects against platelet aggregation and arterial thrombosis with minimal effect on hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Layla Van Doren
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
| | - Nga Nguyen
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
| | - Christopher Garzia
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
| | - Elizabeth K Fletcher
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
| | - Ryan Stevenson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
| | | | - Athan Kuliopulos
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
- Departments of Medicine (L.C., A.K.), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Biochemistry (L.C., A.K.), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Lidija Covic
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Center for Hemostasis and Thrombosis Research, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA (L.V.D., N.N., C.G., E.K.F., R.S., L.C., A.K.)
- Departments of Medicine (L.C., A.K.), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
- Biochemistry (L.C., A.K.), Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
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He H, Adili R, Liu L, Hong K, Holinstat M, Schwendeman A. Synthetic high-density lipoproteins loaded with an antiplatelet drug for efficient inhibition of thrombosis in mice. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:6/49/eabd0130. [PMID: 33277254 PMCID: PMC7821904 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd0130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Antiplatelet agents offer a desirable approach to thrombosis prevention through the reduction of platelet reactivity. However, major bleeding events greatly attenuate the clinical outcomes of most antithrombotic agents. Therefore, the development of safer and more effective strategies to prevent vascular occlusion and avoid bleeding is urgently needed. A reconstituted nanoparticle, synthetic high-density lipoprotein (sHDL), which mimics the native HDL, has been established as clinically safe and is easily manufactured on a large scale. In this study, we propose that the delivery of the antiplatelet drug ML355, a selective inhibitor of 12(S)-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), by sHDL will efficiently inhibit thrombosis by targeting ML355 to the intended site of action, improving the pharmaceutical profile and harnessing the innate antithrombotic efficacy of the sHDL carrier. Our data show that ML355-sHDL exhibits more potent inhibition of thrombus formation in both small arterioles and larger arteries in mice without impairing the normal hemostasis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang He
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Reheman Adili
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristen Hong
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, 1150 W. Medical Center Dr., Room 2220D, Medical Sciences Research Building III, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Anna Schwendeman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Michigan, 428 Church St., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
- Biointerfaces Institute, NCRC, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Patel P, Shaik NF, Zhou Y, Golla K, McKenzie SE, Naik UP. Apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 regulates immune-mediated thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and systemic shock. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:3013-3028. [PMID: 32767736 PMCID: PMC7831975 DOI: 10.1111/jth.15049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Immune complexes (ICs) bind to and activate platelets via FcγRIIA, causing patients to experience thrombocytopenia, as well as an increased risk of forming occlusive thrombi. Although platelets have been shown to mediate IC-induced pathologies, the mechanisms involved have yet to be fully elucidated. We identified that apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) is present in both human and mouse platelets and potentiates many platelet functions. OBJECTIVES Here we set out to study ASK1's role in regulating IC-mediated platelet functions in vitro and IC-induced pathologies using an in vivo mouse model. METHODS Using human platelets treated with an ASK1-specific inhibitor and platelets from FCGR2A/Ask1-/- transgenic mice, we examined various platelet functions induced by model ICs in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS We found that ASK1 was activated in human platelets following cross-linking of FcγRIIA using either anti-hCD9 or IV.3 + goat-anti-mouse. Although genetic deletion or inhibition of ASK1 significantly attenuated anti-CD9-induced platelet aggregation, activation of the canonical FcγRIIA signaling targets Syk and PLCγ2 was unaffected. We further found that anti-mCD9-induced cPla2 phosphorylation and TxA2 generation is delayed in Ask1 null transgenic mouse platelets leading to diminished δ-granule secretion. In vivo, absence of Ask1 protected FCGR2A transgenic mice from thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, and systemic shock following injection of anti-mCD9. In whole blood microfluidics, platelet adhesion and thrombus formation on fibrinogen was enhanced by Ask1. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that ASK1 inhibition may be a potential target for the treatment of IC-induced shock and other immune-mediated thrombotic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Patel
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Noor F. Shaik
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Yuhang Zhou
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
- Dell Children’s Hospital, University of Texas, Austin, TX
| | - Kalyan Golla
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
- Center for Blood Research, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Steven E. McKenzie
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Ulhas P. Naik
- Cardeza Center for Hemostasis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology, Cardeza Foundation for Hematologic Research, Department of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA
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Tacconelli S, Fullone R, Dovizio M, Pizzicoli G, Marschler S, Bruno A, Zucchelli M, Contursi A, Ballerini P, Patrignani P. Pharmacological characterization of the biosynthesis of prostanoids and hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids in human whole blood and platelets by targeted chiral lipidomics analysis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158804. [PMID: 32853794 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Platelet 12-lipoxygenase(p-12-LOX) is highly expressed in human platelets, and the development of p-12-LOX inhibitors has the potential to be a novel antithrombotic tool by inhibiting thrombosis without prolonging hemostasis. A chiral liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS/MS) method was used to assess the impact of three commercially available LOX inhibitors[esculetin(6,7-dihydroxycoumarin), ML-355(N-2-benzothiazolyl-4-[[(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methyl]amino]-benzenesulfonamide), CDC(cinnamyl-3,4-dihydroxy-α-cyanocinnamate) and acetylsalicylic acid(ASA; a cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor) on the generation of prostanoids and HETEs(hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids) in human whole blood allowed to clot for 1 h at 37 °C(serum), platelet-rich plasma(PRP) stimulated with collagen or TRAP-6(a peptide activating thrombin receptor) and washed platelets. In serum, ML-355 did not affect eicosanoid generation, while CDC caused an incomplete reduction of 12S-HETE levels; esculetin inhibited both 12S-HETE and thromboxane(TX)B2 production; ASA selectively affected TXB2 production. In washed platelets stimulated with thrombin, esculetin, and CDC inhibited both 12S-HETE and TXB2 while ML-355 was almost ineffective. In PRP, ML-355, CDC, and esculetin did not affect platelet aggregation associated with incomplete effects on eicosanoid biosynthesis. ASA alone or in combination with ticagrelor(a P2Y12 blocker) affected platelet aggregation associated with profound inhibition of TXB2 generation. P2Y12 receptor signaling contributed to platelet 12S-HETE biosynthesis in response to primary agonists. In conclusion, ML-355, esculetin, and CDC were not selective inhibitors of p-12-LOX in different cellular systems. They did not affect platelet aggregation induced in PRP by collagen or TRAP-6. The characterization of 12-LOX inhibitors on eicosanoids generated in human whole blood is useful for information on their enzyme selectivity, off-target effects, and the possible influence of plasma components on their pharmacological effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Tacconelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Rosa Fullone
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Melania Dovizio
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Graziana Pizzicoli
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Stephanie Marschler
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Bruno
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Mirco Zucchelli
- CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Annalisa Contursi
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Patrizia Ballerini
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy
| | - Paola Patrignani
- Department of Neuroscience, Imaging and Clinical Science, "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy; CAST (Center for Advanced Studies and Technology), "G. d'Annunzio" University, Chieti, Italy.
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Peng B, Kopczynski D, Pratt BS, Ejsing CS, Burla B, Hermansson M, Benke PI, Tan SH, Chan MY, Torta F, Schwudke D, Meckelmann SW, Coman C, Schmitz OJ, MacLean B, Manke MC, Borst O, Wenk MR, Hoffmann N, Ahrends R. LipidCreator workbench to probe the lipidomic landscape. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2057. [PMID: 32345972 PMCID: PMC7188904 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-15960-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS)-based targeted lipidomics enables the robust quantification of selected lipids under various biological conditions but comprehensive software tools to support such analyses are lacking. Here we present LipidCreator, a software that fully supports targeted lipidomics assay development. LipidCreator offers a comprehensive framework to compute MS/MS fragment masses for over 60 lipid classes. LipidCreator provides all functionalities needed to define fragments, manage stable isotope labeling, optimize collision energy and generate in silico spectral libraries. We validate LipidCreator assays computationally and analytically and prove that it is capable to generate large targeted experiments to analyze blood and to dissect lipid-signaling pathways such as in human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Peng
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, SE-171 76, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominik Kopczynski
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Brian S Pratt
- University of Washington, Department of Genome Sciences, WA, 98195, Seattle, USA
| | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bo Burla
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Martin Hermansson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, DK-, 5230, Odense, Denmark
- Wihuri Research Institute, 00290, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Peter Imre Benke
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sock Hwee Tan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mark Y Chan
- Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, 119228, Singapore, Singapore
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
- National University Heart Centre, National University Health System, 117599, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Federico Torta
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, Borstel, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
- Airway Research Center North Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), 22927, Großhansdorf, Germany
| | - Sven W Meckelmann
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Cristina Coman
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Oliver J Schmitz
- Applied Analytical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Brendan MacLean
- University of Washington, Department of Genome Sciences, WA, 98195, Seattle, USA
| | - Mailin-Christin Manke
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Oliver Borst
- Department of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Markus R Wenk
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Life Sciences Institute, National University of Singapore, 117456, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Lipidomics Incubator (SLING), Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117596, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Nils Hoffmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Robert Ahrends
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften - ISAS - e.V., 44139, Dortmund, Germany.
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 38, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
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40
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Liu X, Sims HF, Jenkins CM, Guan S, Dilthey BG, Gross RW. 12-LOX catalyzes the oxidation of 2-arachidonoyl-lysolipids in platelets generating eicosanoid-lysolipids that are attenuated by iPLA 2γ knockout. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:5307-5320. [PMID: 32161117 PMCID: PMC7170522 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.012296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The canonical pathway of eicosanoid production in most mammalian cells is initiated by phospholipase A2-mediated release of arachidonic acid, followed by its enzymatic oxidation resulting in a vast array of eicosanoid products. However, recent work has demonstrated that the major phospholipase in mitochondria, iPLA2γ (patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 8 (PNPLA8)), possesses sn-1 specificity, with polyunsaturated fatty acids at the sn-2 position generating polyunsaturated sn-2-acyl lysophospholipids. Through strategic chemical derivatization, chiral chromatographic separation, and multistage tandem MS, here we first demonstrate that human platelet-type 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX) can directly catalyze the regioselective and stereospecific oxidation of 2-arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidylcholine (2-AA-LPC) and 2-arachidonoyl-lysophosphatidylethanolamine (2-AA-LPE). Next, we identified these two eicosanoid-lysophospholipids in murine myocardium and in isolated platelets. Moreover, we observed robust increases in 2-AA-LPC, 2-AA-LPE, and their downstream 12-LOX oxidation products, 12(S)-HETE-LPC and 12(S)-HETE-LPE, in calcium ionophore (A23187)-stimulated murine platelets. Mechanistically, genetic ablation of iPLA2γ markedly decreased the calcium-stimulated production of 2-AA-LPC, 2-AA-LPE, and 12-HETE-lysophospholipids in mouse platelets. Importantly, a potent and selective 12-LOX inhibitor, ML355, significantly inhibited the production of 12-HETE-LPC and 12-HETE-LPE in activated platelets. Furthermore, we found that aging is accompanied by significant changes in 12-HETE-LPC in murine serum that were also markedly attenuated by iPLA2γ genetic ablation. Collectively, these results identify previously unknown iPLA2γ-initiated signaling pathways mediated by direct 12-LOX oxidation of 2-AA-LPC and 2-AA-LPE. This oxidation generates previously unrecognized eicosanoid-lysophospholipids that may serve as biomarkers for age-related diseases and could potentially be used as targets in therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinping Liu
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Harold F Sims
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Christopher M Jenkins
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Shaoping Guan
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Beverly G Dilthey
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110
| | - Richard W Gross
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri 63110; Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130.
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41
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Tong DL, Kempsell KE, Szakmany T, Ball G. Development of a Bioinformatics Framework for Identification and Validation of Genomic Biomarkers and Key Immunopathology Processes and Controllers in Infectious and Non-infectious Severe Inflammatory Response Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:380. [PMID: 32318053 PMCID: PMC7147506 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as dysregulated host response caused by systemic infection, leading to organ failure. It is a life-threatening condition, often requiring admission to an intensive care unit (ICU). The causative agents and processes involved are multifactorial but are characterized by an overarching inflammatory response, sharing elements in common with severe inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) of non-infectious origin. Sepsis presents with a range of pathophysiological and genetic features which make clinical differentiation from SIRS very challenging. This may reflect a poor understanding of the key gene inter-activities and/or pathway associations underlying these disease processes. Improved understanding is critical for early differential recognition of sepsis and SIRS and to improve patient management and clinical outcomes. Judicious selection of gene biomarkers suitable for development of diagnostic tests/testing could make differentiation of sepsis and SIRS feasible. Here we describe a methodologic framework for the identification and validation of biomarkers in SIRS, sepsis and septic shock patients, using a 2-tier gene screening, artificial neural network (ANN) data mining technique, using previously published gene expression datasets. Eight key hub markers have been identified which may delineate distinct, core disease processes and which show potential for informing underlying immunological and pathological processes and thus patient stratification and treatment. These do not show sufficient fold change differences between the different disease states to be useful as primary diagnostic biomarkers, but are instrumental in identifying candidate pathways and other associated biomarkers for further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Ling Tong
- Artificial Intelligence Laboratory, Faculty of Engineering and Computing, First City University College, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.,School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Karen E Kempsell
- Public Health England, National Infection Service, Porton Down, Salisbury, United Kingdom
| | - Tamas Szakmany
- Department of Anaesthesia Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Division of Population Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Graham Ball
- School of Science and Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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42
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Therapeutic strategies for thrombosis: new targets and approaches. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2020; 19:333-352. [PMID: 32132678 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-020-0061-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants are a mainstay for the prevention and treatment of thrombosis. However, despite advances in antithrombotic therapy, a fundamental challenge is the side effect of bleeding. Improved understanding of the mechanisms of haemostasis and thrombosis has revealed new targets for attenuating thrombosis with the potential for less bleeding, including glycoprotein VI on platelets and factor XIa of the coagulation system. The efficacy and safety of new agents are currently being evaluated in phase III trials. This Review provides an overview of haemostasis and thrombosis, details the current landscape of antithrombotic agents, addresses challenges with preventing thromboembolic events in patients at high risk and describes the emerging therapeutic strategies that may break the inexorable link between antithrombotic therapy and bleeding risk.
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43
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Chatterjee M. Platelet lipidome: Dismantling the "Trojan horse" in the bloodstream. J Thromb Haemost 2020; 18:543-557. [PMID: 31868994 DOI: 10.1111/jth.14721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The platelet-lipid chapter in the story of atherothrombosis is an old one, recapitulated and revised in many contexts. For decades several stimulating facets have been added to it, both unraveling and increasing the perplexity of platelet-lipid interplay and its pathophysiological consequences. The recent paradigm shift in our perspective has evolved with lipidomic analysis of the intraplatelet compartment and platelet releasate. These investigations have disclosed that platelets are in constant interaction with circulatory lipids, often reflected in their lipid repertoire. In addition, they offer a shielded intracellular space for oxidative lipid metabolism generating "toxic" metabolites that escape degradation by plasma lipases and antioxidant defense, circulate undetected by conventional plasma lipid profile, and deposited at atherosclerotic lesions or thrombus. Lipidomics divulges this silent invader in platelet vehicles, thereby providing potential biomarkers of pathologic manifestations and therapeutic targets to be exploited, which is surmised in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhumita Chatterjee
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Internal Medicine III, University Clinic Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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44
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Tscharre M, Michelson AD, Gremmel T. Novel Antiplatelet Agents in Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2020; 25:191-200. [DOI: 10.1177/1074248419899314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy reduces atherothrombotic risk and has therefore become a cornerstone in the treatment of cardiovascular disease. Aspirin, adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor antagonists, glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors, and the thrombin receptor blocker vorapaxar are effective antiplatelet agents but significantly increase the risk of bleeding. Moreover, atherothrombotic events still impair the prognosis of many patients with cardiovascular disease despite established antiplatelet therapy. Over the last years, advances in the understanding of thrombus formation and hemostasis led to the discovery of various new receptors and signaling pathways of platelet activation. As a consequence, many new antiplatelet agents with high antithrombotic efficacy and supposedly only moderate effects on regular hemostasis have been developed and yielded promising results in preclinical and early clinical studies. Although their long journey from animal studies to randomized clinical trials and finally administration in daily clinical routine has just begun, some of the new agents may in the future become meaningful additions to the pharmacological armamentarium in cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Tscharre
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
- Institute of Vascular Medicine and Cardiac Electrophysiology, Karl Landsteiner Society, St Poelten, Austria
| | - Alan D. Michelson
- Center for Platelet Research Studies, Dana-Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Gremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and Nephrology, Landesklinikum Wiener Neustadt, Wiener Neustadt, Austria
- Institute of Vascular Medicine and Cardiac Electrophysiology, Karl Landsteiner Society, St Poelten, Austria
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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45
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Stainer AR, Sasikumar P, Bye AP, Unsworth AJ, Holbrook LM, Tindall M, Lovegrove JA, Gibbins JM. The Metabolites of the Dietary Flavonoid Quercetin Possess Potent Antithrombotic Activity, and Interact with Aspirin to Enhance Antiplatelet Effects. TH OPEN 2019; 3:e244-e258. [PMID: 31367693 PMCID: PMC6667742 DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1694028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a dietary flavonoid, has been reported to possess antiplatelet activity. However, its extensive metabolism following ingestion has resulted in difficulty elucidating precise mechanisms of action. In this study, we aimed to characterize the antiplatelet mechanisms of two methylated metabolites of quercetin-isorhamnetin and tamarixetin-and explore potential interactions with aspirin. Isorhamnetin and tamarixetin inhibited human platelet aggregation, and suppressed activatory processes including granule secretion, integrin αIIbβ3 function, calcium mobilization, and spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk)/linker for activation of T cells (LAT) phosphorylation downstream of glycoprotein VI with similar potency to quercetin. All three flavonoids attenuated thrombus formation in an in vitro microfluidic model, and isoquercetin, a 3-O-glucoside of quercetin, inhibited thrombosis in a murine laser injury model. Isorhamnetin, tamarixetin, and quercetin enhanced the antiplatelet effects of aspirin more-than-additively in a plate-based aggregometry assay, reducing aspirin IC 50 values by an order of magnitude, with this synergy maintained in a whole blood test of platelet function. Our data provide mechanistic evidence for the antiplatelet activity of two quercetin metabolites, isorhamnetin and tamarixetin, and suggest a potential antithrombotic role for these flavonoids. In combination with their interactions with aspirin, this may represent a novel avenue of investigation for the development of new antithrombotic strategies and management of current therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander R Stainer
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Parvathy Sasikumar
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,Centre for Haematology, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alexander P Bye
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda J Unsworth
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,School of Healthcare Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Lisa M Holbrook
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom.,School of Cardiovascular Medicine and Sciences, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marcus Tindall
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Julie A Lovegrove
- Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan M Gibbins
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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46
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Yin X, Liu P, Liu YY, Liu MY, Fan WL, Liu BY, Zhao JH. LRRFIP1 expression triggers platelet agglutination by enhancing αIIbβ3 expression. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:269-277. [PMID: 31258662 PMCID: PMC6566026 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets primarily participate in hemostasis and antimicrobial host defense. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of leucine-rich repeat flightless-interacting protein-1 (LRRFIP1) on platelet agglutination. The bacterial strain of LRRFIP1 was used to synthesize the recombinant protein and a mouse model of LRRFIP1 gene knockout was established. Platelets were isolated from the mice and divided into the different trial groups according to their treatment with collagen, thrombin receptor SFLLRN, anti-wild-type (w)LRRFIP1monoclonal antibodies and the model of LRRFIP1 gene knockout. The platelets were prepared and platelet agglutination was examined using platelet aggregation apparatus. The active αIIbβ3 integrin was examined by flow cytometry. The results revealed that the combined wLRRFIP1 protein was successfully expressed. wLRRFIP1 treatment significantly triggered platelet agglutination of collagen, thrombin and monoclonal antibody treated platelets. wLRRFIP1 knockout significantly decreased αIIbβ3 levels compared with the wild-type. Platelet agglutination was also significantly inhibited in the LRRFIP1−/−mouse model compared with the wild-type. LRRFIP1 knockout significantly decreased the αIIbβ3 levels in platelets undergoing convulxin treatment. In conclusion, LRRFIP1 treatment triggered platelet agglutination and LRRFIP1 gene knockout inhibited platelet agglutination. In addition, LRRFIP1 gene knockout significantly decreased the levels of αIIbβ3. This suggests that LRRFIP1 my be applied to patients in a clinical setting to trigger platelet agglutination in inflammatory diseases and atherothrombotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Yin
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Yao-Yao Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yong Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Li Fan
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Bai-Yi Liu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Hua Zhao
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Institute of Surgery Research, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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47
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The role of the 12( S)-HETE/GPR31/12-HETER axis in cancer and ischemia-reperfusion injury. Biochem Soc Trans 2019; 47:743-754. [PMID: 30902921 DOI: 10.1042/bst20180635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) constitute a large superfamily of seven transmembrane-spanning receptors that are activated by several classes of ligands, including bioactive lipids. GPCRs are attractive therapeutic targets for the treatment of human diseases, as they finely regulate a wide array of cellular functions. In this minireview, we summarized what is currently known about the G protein-coupled receptor GPR31/12-HETER. We highlighted, in particular, its structural similarity with human homologs, the biological functions of its recognized ligand 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE), an arachidonic acid metabolite, and the role that GPR31/12-HETER-mediated signals play in cancer cell growth, invasion and metastasis, and in liver ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Recent studies shed light and interest on the 12(S)-HETE/GPR31/12-HETER-activated signaling pathways and functions. The full spectrum of GPR31/12-HETER-mediated biological functions has yet to be characterized. Further studies are needed to identify other potential ligands, i.e. other than 12(S)-HETE. Another important remaining question is whether the multiple 12(S)-HETE-induced biological activities, including its role in diabetes, neurodegeneration, neuroprotection, and platelet function, occur via GPR31/12-HETER and/or involve the activation of other receptor molecules and pathways.
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48
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Grover SP, Bergmeier W, Mackman N. Platelet Signaling Pathways and New Inhibitors. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:e28-e35. [PMID: 29563117 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.310224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven P Grover
- From the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (S.P.G., N.M.) and McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Wolfgang Bergmeier
- From the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (S.P.G., N.M.) and McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
| | - Nigel Mackman
- From the Thrombosis and Hemostasis Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine (S.P.G., N.M.) and McAllister Heart Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics (W.B.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.
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49
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Yeung J, Li W, Holinstat M. Platelet Signaling and Disease: Targeted Therapy for Thrombosis and Other Related Diseases. Pharmacol Rev 2018; 70:526-548. [PMID: 29925522 PMCID: PMC6013590 DOI: 10.1124/pr.117.014530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are essential for clotting in the blood and maintenance of normal hemostasis. Under pathologic conditions such as atherosclerosis, vascular injury often results in hyperactive platelet activation, resulting in occlusive thrombus formation, myocardial infarction, and stroke. Recent work in the field has elucidated a number of platelet functions unique from that of maintaining hemostasis, including regulation of tumor growth and metastasis, inflammation, infection, and immune response. Traditional therapeutic targets for inhibiting platelet activation have primarily been limited to cyclooxygenase-1, integrin αIIbβ3, and the P2Y12 receptor. Recently identified signaling pathways regulating platelet function have made it possible to develop novel approaches for pharmacological intervention in the blood to limit platelet reactivity. In this review, we cover the newly discovered roles for platelets as well as their role in hemostasis and thrombosis. These new roles for platelets lend importance to the development of new therapies targeted to the platelet. Additionally, we highlight the promising receptor and enzymatic targets that may further decrease platelet activation and help to address the myriad of pathologic conditions now known to involve platelets without significant effects on hemostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Yeung
- Departments of Pharmacology (J.Y., W.L., M.H.) and Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.H.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Wenjie Li
- Departments of Pharmacology (J.Y., W.L., M.H.) and Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.H.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Michael Holinstat
- Departments of Pharmacology (J.Y., W.L., M.H.) and Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine (M.H.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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50
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Gremmel T, Michelson AD, Frelinger AL, Bhatt DL. Novel aspects of antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease. Res Pract Thromb Haemost 2018; 2:439-449. [PMID: 30046748 PMCID: PMC6046593 DOI: 10.1002/rth2.12115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Antiplatelet therapy is a cornerstone in the secondary prophylaxis of adverse cardiovascular events such as myocardial infarction and stroke. The cyclooxygenase inhibitor aspirin remains the most frequently prescribed antiplatelet drug, followed by adenosine diphosphate P2Y12 receptor blockers. Glycoprotein IIb-IIIa antagonists are intravenously available antiplatelet agents preventing platelet-to-platelet aggregation via the fibrinogen receptor. The thrombin receptor inhibitor vorapaxar allows the targeting of yet a third pathway of platelet activation. Despite the advent of novel agents and major advances in antiplatelet treatment over the last decade, atherothrombotic events still impair the prognosis of many patients with cardiovascular disease. Consequently, antiplatelet therapy remains a field of intense research and a large number of studies on its various aspects are published each year. This review article summarizes recent developments in antiplatelet therapy in cardiovascular disease focusing particularly on the duration of dual antiplatelet therapy, new treatment regimens, the role of platelet function testing, and potential future targets of antiplatelet agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gremmel
- Department of Internal Medicine IIMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cardiology and NephrologyLandesklinikum Wiener NeustadtWiener NeustadtAustria
| | - Alan D. Michelson
- Center for Platelet Research StudiesDana‐Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Andrew L. Frelinger
- Center for Platelet Research StudiesDana‐Farber/Boston Children’s Cancer and Blood Disorders CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
| | - Deepak L. Bhatt
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital Heart & Vascular CenterHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMAUSA
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