1
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Gibson A, Dickson S, McCall D, Garcia M, Connors J, He J, Roth M, Nunez C, Cuglievan B. Venetoclax for pediatric patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia. Pediatr Blood Cancer 2024:e31286. [PMID: 39152634 DOI: 10.1002/pbc.31286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 08/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
This retrospective study at the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center evaluated frontline venetoclax combination therapy in 11 pediatric/adolescent patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Despite the small sample size and retrospective nature, the treatment demonstrated safety and potential efficacy, with most patients achieving early complete remission. Adverse events were consistent with other AML therapies, and no discontinuations due to toxicity occurred. While acknowledging study limitations, including selection bias and diverse concurrent therapies, this research underscores the promising role of venetoclax in pediatric AML. Further investigation is crucial to validate its long-term efficacy in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amber Gibson
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Samantha Dickson
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - David McCall
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Miriam Garcia
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jeremy Connors
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jiasen He
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Michael Roth
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cesar Nunez
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Branko Cuglievan
- Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA
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2
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Hayatigolkhatmi K, Valzelli R, El Menna O, Minucci S. Epigenetic alterations in AML: Deregulated functions leading to new therapeutic options. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 387:27-75. [PMID: 39179348 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2024.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) results in disruption of the hematopoietic differentiation process. Crucial progress has been made, and new therapeutic strategies for AML have been developed. Induction chemotherapy, however, remains the main option for the majority of AML patients. Epigenetic dysregulation plays a central role in AML pathogenesis, supporting leukemogenesis and maintenance of leukemic stem cells. Here, we provide an overview of the intricate interplay of altered epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modifications, and chromatin remodeling, in AML development. We explore the role of epigenetic regulators, such as DNMTs, HMTs, KDMs, and HDACs, in mediating gene expression patterns pushing towards leukemic cell transformation. Additionally, we discuss the impact of cytogenetic lesions on epigenomic remodeling and the potential of targeting epigenetic vulnerabilities as a therapeutic strategy. Understanding the epigenetic landscape of AML offers insights into novel therapeutic avenues, including epigenetic modifiers and particularly their use in combination therapies, to improve treatment outcomes and overcome drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kourosh Hayatigolkhatmi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
| | - Riccardo Valzelli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Oualid El Menna
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Saverio Minucci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy; Department of Hemato-Oncology, Università Statale di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Márton A, Veres KB, Erdődi F, Udvardy M, Illés Á, Rejtő L. The roles of phosphorylation of signaling proteins in the prognosis of acute myeloid leukemia. Pathol Oncol Res 2024; 30:1611747. [PMID: 39035053 PMCID: PMC11257863 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2024.1611747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
Signaling pathways of Retinoblastoma (Rb) protein, Akt-kinase, and Erk-kinase (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) have an important role in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia. Constitutive activation of these proteins by phosphorylation contributes to cell survival by regulation of cell cycle, proliferation and proapoptotic signaling processes. According to previous data phosphorylated forms of these proteins represent a worse outcome for cancer patients. We investigated the presence of phosphorylated Rb (P-Rb), Akt (P-Akt) and Erk (P-Erk) proteins by Western blot technique using phospho-specific antibodies in bone marrow or peripheral blood samples of 69 AML patients, 36 patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and 10 healthy volunteers. Expression level of PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) and PHLPP (PH domain and leucine-rich repeat Protein Phosphatase) phosphatases, the negative regulators of Akt kinase pathway were also examined. We tested the effect of these proteins on survival and on the correlation with known prognostic features in AML. We found 46.3% of AML patients had detectable P-Rb, 34.7% had P-Akt and 28.9% had P-Erk protein. 66.1% of patients expressing PTEN, 38.9% PHLPP, 37.2% both PTEN and PHLPP and 32.2% neither PTEN nor PHLPP phosphatases. Compared to nucleophosmin mutation (NPMc) negative samples P-Erk was significantly less in nucleophosmin mutated patients, P-Rb was significantly less in patients' group with more than 30 G/L peripheral leukocyte count by diagnosis. PHLPP was significantly present in FAB type M5. The expression of P-Rb represented significant better overall survival (OS), while P-Akt represented significantly worse event-free survival (EFS) in unfavorable cytogenetics patients. The presence of both PHLPP and PTEN phosphatases contributes to better OS and EFS, although the differences were not statistically significant. We confirmed significant positive correlation between P-Akt and PHLPP. Assessing the phosphorylation of Rb, Akt and Erk may define a subgroup of AML patients who would benefit especially from new targeted treatment options complemented the standard chemotherapy, and it may contribute to monitoring remission, relapse or progression of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienn Márton
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
- Kálmán Laki Doctoral School, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | | | - Ferenc Erdődi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Miklós Udvardy
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Árpád Illés
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - László Rejtő
- Department of Hematology, Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg County Teaching Hospital, Nyíregyháza, Hungary
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4
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Zhang Z, Huang J, Zhang Z, Shen H, Tang X, Wu D, Bao X, Xu G, Chen S. Application of omics in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Biomark Res 2024; 12:60. [PMID: 38858750 PMCID: PMC11165883 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-024-00600-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most frequent leukemia in adults with a high mortality rate. Current diagnostic criteria and selections of therapeutic strategies are generally based on gene mutations and cytogenetic abnormalities. Chemotherapy, targeted therapies, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are the major therapeutic strategies for AML. Two dilemmas in the clinical management of AML are related to its poor prognosis. One is the inaccurate risk stratification at diagnosis, leading to incorrect treatment selections. The other is the frequent resistance to chemotherapy and/or targeted therapies. Genomic features have been the focus of AML studies. However, the DNA-level aberrations do not always predict the expression levels of genes and proteins and the latter is more closely linked to disease phenotypes. With the development of high-throughput sequencing and mass spectrometry technologies, studying downstream effectors including RNA, proteins, and metabolites becomes possible. Transcriptomics can reveal gene expression and regulatory networks, proteomics can discover protein expression and signaling pathways intimately associated with the disease, and metabolomics can reflect precise changes in metabolites during disease progression. Moreover, omics profiling at the single-cell level enables studying cellular components and hierarchies of the AML microenvironment. The abundance of data from different omics layers enables the better risk stratification of AML by identifying prognosis-related biomarkers, and has the prospective application in identifying drug targets, therefore potentially discovering solutions to the two dilemmas. In this review, we summarize the existing AML studies using omics methods, both separately and combined, covering research fields of disease diagnosis, risk stratification, prognosis prediction, chemotherapy, as well as targeted therapy. Finally, we discuss the directions and challenges in the application of multi-omics in precision medicine of AML. Our review may inspire both omics researchers and clinical physicians to study AML from a different angle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- Suzhou International Joint Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jiayi Huang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Hongjie Shen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaowen Tang
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Depei Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiebing Bao
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Precision Diagnostics and Therapeutics Development, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Preventive and Translational Medicine for Geriatric Diseases, Suzhou Key Laboratory of Drug Research for Prevention and Treatment of Hyperlipidemic Diseases, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- Suzhou International Joint Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Brain Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Geriatric Diseases and Immunology, Suzhou Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Suning Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Hematologic Diseases, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
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5
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Guo J, Buettner R, Du L, Li Z, Liu W, Su R, Chen Z, Che Y, Zhang Y, Ma R, Nguyen LXT, Moore RE, Khyatiben P, Chen MH, Patrick P, Wu X, Marcucci G, Wang L, Horne D, Chen J, Yang Y, Rosen ST. 8-Cl-Ado and 8-NH 2-Ado synergize with venetoclax to target the methionine-MAT2A-SAM axis in acute myeloid leukemia. Leukemia 2024; 38:1236-1245. [PMID: 38643304 PMCID: PMC11147765 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-024-02222-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Targeting the metabolic dependencies of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells is a promising therapeutical strategy. In particular, the cysteine and methionine metabolism pathway (C/M) is significantly altered in AML cells compared to healthy blood cells. Moreover, methionine has been identified as one of the dominant amino acid dependencies of AML cells. Through RNA-seq, we found that the two nucleoside analogs 8-chloro-adenosine (8CA) and 8-amino-adenosine (8AA) significantly suppress the C/M pathway in AML cells, and methionine-adenosyltransferase-2A (MAT2A) is one of most significantly downregulated genes. Additionally, mass spectrometry analysis revealed that Venetoclax (VEN), a BCL-2 inhibitor recently approved by the FDA for AML treatment, significantly decreases the intracellular level of methionine in AML cells. Based on these findings, we hypothesized that combining 8CA or 8AA with VEN can efficiently target the Methionine-MAT2A-S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) axis in AML. Our results demonstrate that VEN and 8CA/8AA synergistically decrease the SAM biosynthesis and effectively target AML cells both in vivo and in vitro. These findings suggest the promising potential of combining 8CA/8AA and VEN for AML treatment by inhibiting Methionine-MAT2A-SAM axis and provide a strong rationale for our recently activated clinical trial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiamin Guo
- Irell & Manella Graduate School of Biological Sciences, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
| | - Ralf Buettner
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Li Du
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zhenlong Li
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rui Su
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Zhenhua Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Che
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Le Xuan Truong Nguyen
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies Translational Science and Division of Leukemia, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Roger E Moore
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Pathak Khyatiben
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Min-Hsuan Chen
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Pirrotte Patrick
- Integrated Mass Spectrometry Shared Resource, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
- Cancer & Cell Biology Division, Translational Genomics Research Institute, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Xiwei Wu
- Integrative Genomics Core, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Guido Marcucci
- Department of Hematologic Malignancies Translational Science and Division of Leukemia, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Lili Wang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - David Horne
- Department of Cancer Biology and Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Yanzhong Yang
- Department of Cancer Genetics and Epigenetics, Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Steven T Rosen
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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6
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Guo Y, Xue H, Hu N, Liu Y, Sun H, Yu D, Qin L, Shi G, Wang F, Xin L, Sun W, Zhang F, Song X, Li S, Wei Q, Guo Y, Li Y, Liu X, Chen S, Zhang T, Wu Y, Su D, Zhu Y, Xu A, Xu H, Yang S, Zheng Z, Liu J, Yang X, Yuan X, Hong Y, Sun X, Guo Y, Zhou C, Liu X, Wang L, Wang Z. Discovery of the Clinical Candidate Sonrotoclax (BGB-11417), a Highly Potent and Selective Inhibitor for Both WT and G101V Mutant Bcl-2. J Med Chem 2024; 67:7836-7858. [PMID: 38695063 PMCID: PMC11129194 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
The approval of venetoclax, a B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) selective inhibitor, for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia demonstrated that the antiapoptotic protein Bcl-2 is a druggable target for B-cell malignancies. However, venetoclax's limited potency cannot produce a strong, durable clinical benefit in other Bcl-2-mediated malignancies (e.g., diffuse large B-cell lymphomas) and multiple recurrent Bcl-2 mutations (e.g., G101V) have been reported to mediate resistance to venetoclax after long-term treatment. Herein, we described novel Bcl-2 inhibitors with increased potency for both wild-type (WT) and mutant Bcl-2. Comprehensive structure optimization led to the clinical candidate BGB-11417 (compound 12e, sonrotoclax), which exhibits strong in vitro and in vivo inhibitory activity against both WT Bcl-2 and the G101V mutant, as well as excellent selectivity over Bcl-xL without obvious cytochrome P450 inhibition. Currently, BGB-11417 is undergoing phase II/III clinical assessments as monotherapy and combination treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhang Guo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hai Xue
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nan Hu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye Liu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanzi Sun
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Desheng Yu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ling Qin
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gongyin Shi
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Xin
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weihua Sun
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Song
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuran Li
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiang Wei
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Li
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxin Liu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Chen
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Taichang Zhang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Su
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yutong Zhu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aiying Xu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Haipeng Xu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shasha Yang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zheng
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junhua Liu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefei Yang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xi Yuan
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Hong
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuebing Sun
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yin Guo
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changyou Zhou
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuesong Liu
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lai Wang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Molecular Science, Department of Discovery
Biology, Department of In Vivo Pharmacology, and Department of DMPK-BA, BeiGene (Beijing) Co., Ltd., Beijing 102206, People’s Republic of China
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7
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Angotzi F, Lessi F, Leoncin M, Filì C, Endri M, Lico A, Visentin A, Pravato S, Candoni A, Trentin L, Gurrieri C. Efficacy and safety of venetoclax plus hypomethylating agents in relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia: a multicenter real-life experience. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1370405. [PMID: 38680863 PMCID: PMC11045980 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1370405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax (VEN) has been shown to play a synergistic effect in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) in the frontline treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the potential role of this therapy in the relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML setting, still needs to be further unveiled. The aim of the current study was to retrospectively outline the safety profile, response and survival outcomes of R/R AML patients treated with VEN in association with HMAs. Clinical, biological, and molecular data were collected from 57 patients with R/R AML treated with VEN combined with azacitidine or decitabine between 2018 and 2023. The median age of patients was 63 years, 38 (66.7%) received treatment for relapsed disease while 19 (33.3%) for refractory disease, 5 (8.7%) were treated for molecular relapse. A consistent proportion of the cohort was represented by patients with unfavorable prognostic factors such as complex karyotype (36.8%), secondary AML (29.8%), previous exposure to HMAs (38.6%), and relapse after allogeneic stem cell transplant (22.8%). A total of 14 patients achieved CR (24.6%), 3 (5.3%) CRi, 3 (5.3%) MLFS, and 3 (5.3%) PR, accounting for an ORR of 40.4%. The CR/CRi rate was higher in the group treated with azacitidine than in the group treated with decitabine (37.8% vs. 15%). The median OS was 8.2 months, reaching 20.1 months among responding patients. VEN-HMAs treatment allowed to bridge to allogeneic stem cell transplantation 11 (23.9%) of eligible patients, for which a median OS of 19.8 months was shown. On multivariate analysis, ECOG performance status ≥2, complex karyotype and not proceeding to allogeneic stem cell transplantation after therapy with VEN-HMAs were the factors independently associated with shorter OS. Patients treated with the azacitidine rather than the decitabine containing regimen generally displayed a trend toward superior outcomes. The major toxicities were prolonged neutropenia and infections. In conclusion, this study showed how VEN-HMAs could represent an effective salvage therapy in patients with R/R AML, even among some of those patients harboring dismal prognostic features, with a good toxicity profile. Further prospective studies are thus warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Angotzi
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Federica Lessi
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Leoncin
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ulss3 Serenissima, Ospedale dell’Angelo, Venice, Italy
| | - Carla Filì
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Mauro Endri
- Hematology Section, Dipartimento di Medicina Specialistica, Ca’ Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Albana Lico
- Hematology and Cell Therapy Division, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza, Italy
| | - Andrea Visentin
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Stefano Pravato
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Candoni
- Division of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Integrata Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Livio Trentin
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Carmela Gurrieri
- Hematology Unit, Azienda Ospedale-Università and University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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8
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Xie Y, Wei X, Wang W, Liao C, Han P, Yu Y. Meta‑analysis of the efficacy of venetoclax and azacitidine combination therapy and azacitidine monotherapy for treating acute myeloid leukemia. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:164. [PMID: 38476897 PMCID: PMC10928973 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare the efficacy of combination therapy with venetoclax and azacitidine with that of azacytidine monotherapy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). The Web of Science, PubMed, Embase, The Cochrane Library, Weipu Database, Wanfang Digital Periodicals, Sinomed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, ProQuest Dissertations and Theses and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched for publications on the treatment of AML with venetoclax combined with azacitidine or with azacitidine monotherapy. A total of 5,271 relevant studies were retrieved, of which 10 were included. Literature quality was evaluated according to the Cochrane systematic review methodology, and data were extracted for meta-analysis using Review Manager 5.4. The combination of venetoclax and azacitidine demonstrated greater overall efficacy than azacitidine monotherapy for AML treatment. Notably, combination therapy resulted in a higher frequency of complete remission. By contrast, combined treatment and monotherapy showed no significant differences in partial remission, whereas there was a statistically significant decrease in the frequency of no remission in the combination therapy group compared with in the monotherapy group. The results also revealed a significantly higher incidence of adverse reactions when venetoclax and azacitidine were combined in the treatment of AML compared with the observed rates in response to azacitidine monotherapy. Moreover, subgroup analyses showed that no statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups regarding adverse events, including hypokalemia and liver insufficiency. In conclusion, the combination of venetoclax and azacitidine was more effective than azacitidine alone, and had a good clinical application value in the treatment of AML. Although some adverse reactions occurred in response to the combination therapy, they did not significantly affect the prognosis of AML. To better evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment regimen, multicenter clinical studies with larger sample sizes are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqin Xie
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
- Graduate School, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Xueqin Wei
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
- Graduate School, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Graduate School, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Changsheng Liao
- Graduate School, The First Clinical College of Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Pengfei Han
- Department of Orthopedics, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
| | - Yanhui Yu
- Department of Hematology, Heping Hospital Affiliated to Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi 046000, P.R. China
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9
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Wang Q, Zhao Y, Zang X, Zhou G, Liu Y, Feng Q, Li X, Wang W, Dong X, Liu X, Peng J, Liu C. Low-dose venetoclax combined with azacitidine for blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm: a case report and literature review. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:999-1005. [PMID: 38285081 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05633-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN) is a rare hematologic malignancy that is highly aggressive with a poor prognosis. There is no standard treatment for BPDCN. Although conventional chemotherapies are usually sensitive in the initial therapy, relapse and drug resistance are inevitable within a short duration. Targeted therapies have enlightened new prospects for the treatment of BPDCN, especially for those in a frail state and intolerable to standard chemotherapies or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Here, we report an 82-year-old man diagnosed with cutaneous-limited BPDCN. Considering the old age and limited involvement of the tumor, we reduced the dosage of venetoclax. His skin lesions subsided significantly after 1 cycle of azacytidine (100 mg d1-7) combined with reduced doses of venetoclax (200 mg d1-14). The reduction in the dose of venetoclax avoided severe myelosuppression while achieving satisfactory outcomes. The patient received 2 cycles of therapy with no skin lesions re-occurred for 7 months before relapsing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Dezhou Hospital, Dezhou, Shandong, China
| | - Yajing Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiao Zang
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guizhi Zhou
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yongxia Liu
- Shandong Provincial Hospital for Skin Diseases, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Institute of Dermatology and Venereology, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Qi Feng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Dong
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Xinguang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Jun Peng
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
- Advanced Medical Research Institute, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Chuanfang Liu
- Department of Hematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunohematology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 West Wenhua Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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10
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Hurrish KH, Su Y, Patel S, Ramage CL, Zhao J, Temby BR, Carter JL, Edwards H, Buck SA, Wiley SE, Hüttemann M, Polin L, Kushner J, Dzinic SH, White K, Bao X, Li J, Yang J, Boerner J, Hou Z, Al-Atrash G, Konoplev SN, Busquets J, Tiziani S, Matherly LH, Taub JW, Konopleva M, Ge Y, Baran N. Enhancing anti-AML activity of venetoclax by isoflavone ME-344 through suppression of OXPHOS and/or purine biosynthesis in vitro. Biochem Pharmacol 2024; 220:115981. [PMID: 38081370 PMCID: PMC11149698 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2023.115981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Venetoclax (VEN), in combination with low dose cytarabine (AraC) or a hypomethylating agent, is FDA approved to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in patients who are over the age of 75 or cannot tolerate standard chemotherapy. Despite high response rates to these therapies, most patients succumb to the disease due to relapse and/or drug resistance, providing an unmet clinical need for novel therapies to improve AML patient survival. ME-344 is a potent isoflavone with demonstrated inhibitory activity toward oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and clinical activity in solid tumors. Given that OXPHOS inhibition enhances VEN antileukemic activity against AML, we hypothesized that ME-344 could enhance the anti-AML activity of VEN. Here we report that ME-344 enhanced VEN to target AML cell lines and primary patient samples while sparing normal hematopoietic cells. Cooperative suppression of OXPHOS was detected in a subset of AML cell lines and primary patient samples. Metabolomics analysis revealed a significant reduction of purine biosynthesis metabolites by ME-344. Further, lometrexol, a purine biosynthesis inhibitor, synergistically enhanced VEN-induced apoptosis in AML cell lines. Interestingly, AML cells with acquired AraC resistance showed significantly increased purine biosynthesis metabolites and sensitivities to ME-344. Furthermore, synergy between ME-344 and VEN was preserved in these AraC-resistant AML cells. In vivo studies revealed significantly prolonged survival upon combination therapy of ME-344 and VEN in NSGS mice bearing parental or AraC-resistant MV4-11 leukemia compared to the vehicle control. This study demonstrates that ME-344 enhances VEN antileukemic activity against preclinical models of AML by suppressing OXPHOS and/or purine biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie H Hurrish
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Yongwei Su
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Shraddha Patel
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Cassandra L Ramage
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jianlei Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Brianna R Temby
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jenna L Carter
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; MD/PhD Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Holly Edwards
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Steven A Buck
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Maik Hüttemann
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Genetics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Lisa Polin
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Juiwanna Kushner
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sijana H Dzinic
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Kathryn White
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Xun Bao
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jay Yang
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Julie Boerner
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Zhanjun Hou
- Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Gheath Al-Atrash
- Department of Stem Cell Transplantation and Cellular Therapy, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sergej N Konoplev
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Busquets
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Stefano Tiziani
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Larry H Matherly
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Marina Konopleva
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.
| | - Yubin Ge
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Oncology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA; Molecular Therapeutics Program, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.
| | - Natalia Baran
- Department of Leukemia, MD Anderson Cancer Center, The University of Texas, Houston, TX, USA.
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11
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Gress V, Roussy M, Boulianne L, Bilodeau M, Cardin S, El-Hachem N, Lisi V, Khakipoor B, Rouette A, Farah A, Théret L, Aubert L, Fatima F, Audemard É, Thibault P, Bonneil É, Chagraoui J, Laramée L, Gendron P, Jouan L, Jammali S, Paré B, Simpson SM, Tran TH, Duval M, Teira P, Bittencourt H, Santiago R, Barabé F, Sauvageau G, Smith MA, Hébert J, Roux PP, Gruber TA, Lavallée VP, Wilhelm BT, Cellot S. CBFA2T3::GLIS2 pediatric acute megakaryoblastic leukemia is sensitive to BCL-XL inhibition by navitoclax and DT2216. Blood Adv 2024; 8:112-129. [PMID: 37729615 PMCID: PMC10787250 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022008899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (AMKL) is a rare, developmentally restricted, and highly lethal cancer of early childhood. The paucity and hypocellularity (due to myelofibrosis) of primary patient samples hamper the discovery of cell- and genotype-specific treatments. AMKL is driven by mutually exclusive chimeric fusion oncogenes in two-thirds of the cases, with CBFA2T3::GLIS2 (CG2) and NUP98 fusions (NUP98r) representing the highest-fatality subgroups. We established CD34+ cord blood-derived CG2 models (n = 6) that sustain serial transplantation and recapitulate human leukemia regarding immunophenotype, leukemia-initiating cell frequencies, comutational landscape, and gene expression signature, with distinct upregulation of the prosurvival factor B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2). Cell membrane proteomic analyses highlighted CG2 surface markers preferentially expressed on leukemic cells compared with CD34+ cells (eg, NCAM1 and CD151). AMKL differentiation block in the mega-erythroid progenitor space was confirmed by single-cell profiling. Although CG2 cells were rather resistant to BCL2 genetic knockdown or selective pharmacological inhibition with venetoclax, they were vulnerable to strategies that target the megakaryocytic prosurvival factor BCL-XL (BCL2L1), including in vitro and in vivo treatment with BCL2/BCL-XL/BCL-W inhibitor navitoclax and DT2216, a selective BCL-XL proteolysis-targeting chimera degrader developed to limit thrombocytopenia in patients. NUP98r AMKL were also sensitive to BCL-XL inhibition but not the NUP98r monocytic leukemia, pointing to a lineage-specific dependency. Navitoclax or DT2216 treatment in combination with low-dose cytarabine further reduced leukemic burden in mice. This work extends the cellular and molecular diversity set of human AMKL models and uncovers BCL-XL as a therapeutic vulnerability in CG2 and NUP98r AMKL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Gress
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mathieu Roussy
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Luc Boulianne
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Mélanie Bilodeau
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Cardin
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Nehme El-Hachem
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Véronique Lisi
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Banafsheh Khakipoor
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandre Rouette
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Azer Farah
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Louis Théret
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Léo Aubert
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Furat Fatima
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, McGill University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Audemard
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Thibault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Éric Bonneil
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Jalila Chagraoui
- Molecular Genetics of Stem Cells Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Louise Laramée
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Patrick Gendron
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Loubna Jouan
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Safa Jammali
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Bastien Paré
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Shawn M Simpson
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Thai Hoa Tran
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Michel Duval
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Pierre Teira
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Henrique Bittencourt
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Raoul Santiago
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Frédéric Barabé
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec-Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec City, QC, Canada
| | - Guy Sauvageau
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Molecular Genetics of Stem Cells Laboratory, Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Division of Hematology, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Martin A Smith
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Josée Hébert
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Division of Hematology-Oncology and Quebec Leukemia Cell Bank, Hôpital Maisonneuve-Rosemont, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Philippe P Roux
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Tanja A Gruber
- Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - Vincent-Philippe Lavallée
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Brian T Wilhelm
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sonia Cellot
- Pediatric Hematology-Oncology Division, Charles-Bruneau Cancer Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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12
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Becker M, Farina KA, Mascarenhas J. Acute myeloid leukemia: Current understanding and management. JAAPA 2024; 37:34-39. [PMID: 38128137 DOI: 10.1097/01.jaa.0000995680.52352.b5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Although relatively rare, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common type of acute leukemia in adults. AML is associated with poor 5-year overall survival and prompt treatment is critical. Classifying AML based on World Health Organization criteria is important for determining prognosis and applying a risk-adapted treatment approach. Throughout therapy, patients require comprehensive supportive care measures with blood product transfusions, antimicrobial treatment, and frequent monitoring for chemotherapy-related complications. This article provides an overview of AML and its treatments. Clinicians in all specialties must be able to recognize the early signs of AML and ensure their patients seek appropriate expert medical care with a hematologist/oncologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Becker
- Michelle Becker practices in the adult leukemia program at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai in New York, N.Y. Kyle A. Farina is a clinical pharmacy manager, working on the leukemia service at Mount Sinai Hospital in New York, N.Y. John Mascarenhas is director of the adult leukemia program, leader of the Myeloproliferative Disorders Clinical Research Program in the Division of Hematology/Oncology at the Tisch Cancer Institute at Mount Sinai Hospital, and a professor of medicine at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai. Dr. Farina discloses that he is a consultant and speaker for Bristol Myers Squibb. Dr. Mascarenhas discloses that he is a consultant for Celgene Corp., Bristol Myers Squibb Co., Incyte Inc., F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, PharmaEssentia Corp., Geron Corp., CTI Biopharma Corp., MorphoSys AG, Abbvie Inc., Kartos Therapeutics, Novartis AG, Sierra Oncology Inc., GSK plc, Karyopharm Therapeutics Inc., Galecto Inc., Imago BioSciences Inc., and Pfizer Inc., and receives research funding from Bristol Myers Squibb, Abbvie, CTI Biopharma, Incyte, Merck & Co., Novartis, Roche, Kartos, PharmaEssentia, and Geron. The authors have disclosed no other potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise
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13
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Male HJ, Lin TL. The approach of HMA plus VEN with or without BMT for all patients with AML. HEMATOLOGY. AMERICAN SOCIETY OF HEMATOLOGY. EDUCATION PROGRAM 2023; 2023:186-191. [PMID: 38066860 PMCID: PMC10727071 DOI: 10.1182/hematology.2023000428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Treatment options for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have expanded over the last 5 years. New regimens are increasing the options for patients who previously may not have been offered any antineoplastic therapy. The use of the hypomethylating agent (HMA) decitabine or azacitidine combined with the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax (HMA-VEN) has improved overall survival in an older and unfit population compared to HMA therapy alone. Delivering these regimens outside academic centers allows more patients with AML to be treated, though support and collaboration with allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) centers should still be considered to determine eligibility and promptly initiate a donor search for potential transplant candidates. Expanding the use of HMA-VEN to younger and fit patients who are also candidates for intensive chemotherapy (IC) is being studied prospectively and is not recommended at this time outside of a clinical trial. Retrospective studies suggest populations that may benefit from HMA-VEN over IC, but this is not yet confirmed prospectively. Utilizing HMA-VEN prior to allogeneic SCT is also under investigation, and some retrospective data show feasibility and the ability to achieve measurable residual disease negativity pretransplant. Upcoming prospective randomized clinical trials aim to answer the comparability or superiority of HMA-VEN vs IC in fit populations and its potential use as a standard pretransplant induction regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Male
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS
| | - Tara L Lin
- University of Kansas Medical Center, Division of Hematologic Malignancies and Cellular Therapeutics, Kansas City, KS
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14
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Moriya S, Kazama H, Hino H, Takano N, Hiramoto M, Aizawa S, Miyazawa K. Clarithromycin overcomes stromal cell-mediated drug resistance against proteasome inhibitors in myeloma cells via autophagy flux blockage leading to high NOXA expression. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295273. [PMID: 38039297 PMCID: PMC10691716 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that macrolide antibiotics, such as clarithromycin (CAM), blocked autophagy flux, and simultaneous proteasome and autophagy inhibition by bortezomib (BTZ) plus CAM resulted in enhanced apoptosis induction in multiple myeloma (MM) cells via increased endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress loading. However, in actual therapeutic settings, cell adhesion-mediated drug resistance between bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) and MM cells has been known to be a barrier to treatment. To investigate whether CAM could enhance BTZ-induced cytotoxicity in MM cells under direct cell adhesion with BMSC, we established a co-culture system of EGFP-labeled MM cells with BMSC. The cytotoxic effect of BTZ on MM cells was diminished by its interaction with BMSC; however, the attenuated cytotoxicity was recovered by the co-administration of CAM, which upregulates ER stress loading and NOXA expression. Knockout of NOXA in MM cells canceled the enhanced cell death by CAM, indicating that NOXA is a key molecule for cell death induction by the co-administration of CAM. Since NOXA is degraded by autophagy as well as proteasomes, blocking autophagy with CAM resulted in the sustained upregulation of NOXA in MM cells co-cultured with BMSC in the presence of BTZ. Our data suggest that BMSC-associated BTZ resistance is mediated by the attenuation of ER stress loading. However, the addition of CAM overcomes BMSC-associated resistance via upregulation of NOXA by concomitantly blocking autophagy-mediated NOXA degradation and transcriptional activation of NOXA by ER stress loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Moriya
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kazama
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotsugu Hino
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoharu Takano
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaki Hiramoto
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Aizawa
- Division of Anatomical Science, Department of Functional Morphology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keisuke Miyazawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
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15
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Ravindra A, Acharya L, Loeffler B, Mott S, Sutamtewagul G, Dhakal P. Venetoclax-based therapy in treatment-naïve and relapsed/refractory acute myeloid leukemia. Leuk Res 2023; 135:107407. [PMID: 37925761 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Combining venetoclax with the hypomethylating agents azacitidine or decitabine has shown high complete response rates (60-70 %) in newly diagnosed (ND) acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, studies addressing the efficacy of this approach in relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML remain limited. We conducted a retrospective analysis on patients treated with venetoclax-based therapy at a single institution. Objective response rates (ORR) and overall survival (OS) were assessed using logistic regression and Cox regression models, respectively. The total study population exhibited an ORR of 64 % with a complete remission at 34 %, complete remission with incomplete count recovery at 19%, and morphologic leukemia free state at 11 %. Patients with ND AML had a better ORR (71 %) compared to R/R AML (55 %), but the difference was not statistically significant. Median OS for the overall population was 14.4 months (range: 2-26 months). In the ND group, patients had a longer 6-month OS (82 % vs. 55 % in R/R AML), while both cohorts showed similar 12- and 24-month OS. Factors such as the hypomethylating agent chosen, adverse cytogenetics, TP53 mutations, prior hypomethylating agent use, and stem cell transplant status did not significantly affect ORR or OS. These findings support the effectiveness of venetoclax-based treatments in ND and R/R AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditya Ravindra
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA.
| | - Luna Acharya
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Bradley Loeffler
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Sarah Mott
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Grerk Sutamtewagul
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Prajwal Dhakal
- University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USA; Department of Internal Medicine, Iowa City, IA, USA; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, Iowa City, IA, USA
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16
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Lima K, Carvalho MFL, Pereira-Martins DA, Nogueira FL, de Miranda LBL, do Nascimento MC, Cavaglieri RDC, Schuringa JJ, Machado-Neto JA, Rego EM. Pharmacological Inhibition of PIP4K2 Potentiates Venetoclax-Induced Apoptosis in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16899. [PMID: 38069220 PMCID: PMC10706459 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatidylinositol-5-phosphate 4-kinase type 2 (PIP4K2) protein family members (PIP4K2A, PIP4K2B, and PIP4K2C) participate in the generation of PIP4,5P2, which acts as a secondary messenger in signal transduction, a substrate for metabolic processes, and has structural functions. In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), high PIP4K2A and PIP4K2C levels are independent markers of a worse prognosis. Recently, our research group reported that THZ-P1-2 (PIP4K2 pan-inhibitor) exhibits anti-leukemic activity by disrupting mitochondrial homeostasis and autophagy in AML models. In the present study, we characterized the expression of PIP4K2 in the myeloid compartment of hematopoietic cells, as well as in AML cell lines and clinical samples with different genetic abnormalities. In ex vivo assays, PIP4K2 expression levels were related to sensitivity and resistance to several antileukemia drugs and highlighted the association between high PIP4K2A levels and resistance to venetoclax. The combination of THZ-P1-2 and venetoclax showed potentiating effects in reducing viability and inducing apoptosis in AML cells. A combined treatment differentially modulated multiple genes, including TAp73, BCL2, MCL1, and BCL2A1. In summary, our study identified the correlation between the expression of PIP4K2 and the response to antineoplastic agents in ex vivo assays in AML and exposed vulnerabilities that may be exploited in combined therapies, which could result in better therapeutic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keli Lima
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (K.L.); (D.A.P.-M.); (F.L.N.); (M.C.d.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Maria Fernanda Lopes Carvalho
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Diego Antonio Pereira-Martins
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (K.L.); (D.A.P.-M.); (F.L.N.); (M.C.d.N.)
- Department of Experimental Hematology, University of Groningen, 9718 BG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - Frederico Lisboa Nogueira
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (K.L.); (D.A.P.-M.); (F.L.N.); (M.C.d.N.)
| | - Lívia Bassani Lins de Miranda
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Mariane Cristina do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (K.L.); (D.A.P.-M.); (F.L.N.); (M.C.d.N.)
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Rita de Cássia Cavaglieri
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Jan Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Experimental Hematology, University of Groningen, 9718 BG Groningen, The Netherlands;
| | - João Agostinho Machado-Neto
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (M.F.L.C.); (L.B.L.d.M.); (R.d.C.C.); (J.A.M.-N.)
| | - Eduardo Magalhães Rego
- Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Targeted Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology Division, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo CEP 13566-590, Brazil; (K.L.); (D.A.P.-M.); (F.L.N.); (M.C.d.N.)
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17
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Hong R, Nie H, Henry RF, Garner SM, Catron ND, Hertzler RL, Souers AJ, Sheikh AY, Chen S. Pharmaceutical Development Challenges in a Beyond Rule of Five Prodrug: Case Study of ABBV-167, Phosphate Prodrug of Venetoclax. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:5811-5826. [PMID: 37750872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
ABBV-167, a phosphate prodrug of BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax, was recently progressed into the clinic as an alternative means of reducing pill burden for patients in high-dose indications. The dramatically enhanced aqueous solubility of ABBV-167 allowed for high drug loading within a crystalline tablet and, when administered in phase I clinical study, conferred venetoclax exposure commensurate with the equivalent dose administered as an amorphous solid dispersion. In enabling the progression into the clinic, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the CMC development aspects of this beyond the rule of five (bRo5) prodrug. Adding a phosphate moiety resulted in excessively complex chemical speciation and solid form landscapes with significant physical-chemical stability liabilities. A combination of experimental and computational methods including microelectron diffraction (MicroED), total scattering, tablet colorimetry, finite element, and molecular dynamics modeling were used to understand CMC developability across drug substance and product manufacture and storage. The prodrug's chemical structural characteristics and loose crystal packing were found to be responsible for the loss of crystallinity during its manufacturing, which in turn led to high solid-state chemical reactivity and poor shelf life stability. The ABBV-167 case exemplifies key CMC development challenges for complex chemical matter such as bRo5 phosphate prodrugs with significant ramifications during drug substance and drug product manufacturing and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Hong
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Haichen Nie
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Rodger F Henry
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Sean M Garner
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Nathaniel D Catron
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Russell L Hertzler
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Andrew J Souers
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Ahmad Y Sheikh
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
| | - Shuang Chen
- Research & Development, AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, Illinois 60064, United States
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18
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Bakhtiyari M, Liaghat M, Aziziyan F, Shapourian H, Yahyazadeh S, Alipour M, Shahveh S, Maleki-Sheikhabadi F, Halimi H, Forghaniesfidvajani R, Zalpoor H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Pornour M. The role of bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) progression: immune checkpoints, metabolic checkpoints, and signaling pathways. Cell Commun Signal 2023; 21:252. [PMID: 37735675 PMCID: PMC10512514 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01282-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) comprises a multifarious and heterogeneous array of illnesses characterized by the anomalous proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM). The BMM plays a pivotal role in promoting AML progression, angiogenesis, and metastasis. The immune checkpoints (ICs) and metabolic processes are the key players in this process. In this review, we delineate the metabolic and immune checkpoint characteristics of the AML BMM, with a focus on the roles of BMM cells e.g. tumor-associated macrophages, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, metabolic profiles and related signaling pathways. We also discuss the signaling pathways stimulated in AML cells by BMM factors that lead to AML progression. We then delve into the roles of immune checkpoints in AML angiogenesis, metastasis, and cell proliferation, including co-stimulatory and inhibitory ICs. Lastly, we discuss the potential therapeutic approaches and future directions for AML treatment, emphasizing the potential of targeting metabolic and immune checkpoints in AML BMM as prognostic and therapeutic targets. In conclusion, the modulation of these processes through the use of directed drugs opens up new promising avenues in combating AML. Thereby, a comprehensive elucidation of the significance of these AML BMM cells' metabolic and immune checkpoints and signaling pathways on leukemic cells can be undertaken in the future investigations. Additionally, these checkpoints and cells should be considered plausible multi-targeted therapies for AML in combination with other conventional treatments in AML. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Bakhtiyari
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Liaghat
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kazerun Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kazerun, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Aziziyan
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hooriyeh Shapourian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sheida Yahyazadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maedeh Alipour
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol, Iran
| | - Shaghayegh Shahveh
- American Association of Naturopath Physician (AANP), Washington, DC, USA
| | - Fahimeh Maleki-Sheikhabadi
- Department of Hematology and Blood Banking, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Halimi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Razieh Forghaniesfidvajani
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Zalpoor
- Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy & Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education & Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran.
- Shiraz Neuroscience Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Nabi-Afjadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Majid Pornour
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD, USA.
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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19
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Ebner J, Schmoellerl J, Piontek M, Manhart G, Troester S, Carter BZ, Neubauer H, Moriggl R, Szakács G, Zuber J, Köcher T, Andreeff M, Sperr WR, Valent P, Grebien F. ABCC1 and glutathione metabolism limit the efficacy of BCL-2 inhibitors in acute myeloid leukemia. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5709. [PMID: 37726279 PMCID: PMC10509209 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41229-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The BCL-2 inhibitor Venetoclax is a promising agent for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, many patients are refractory to Venetoclax, and resistance develops quickly. ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters mediate chemotherapy resistance but their role in modulating the activity of targeted small-molecule inhibitors is unclear. Using CRISPR/Cas9 screening, we find that loss of ABCC1 strongly increases the sensitivity of AML cells to Venetoclax. Genetic and pharmacologic ABCC1 inactivation potentiates the anti-leukemic effects of BCL-2 inhibitors and efficiently re-sensitizes Venetoclax-resistant leukemia cells. Conversely, ABCC1 overexpression induces resistance to BCL-2 inhibitors by reducing intracellular drug levels, and high ABCC1 levels predicts poor response to Venetoclax therapy in patients. Consistent with ABCC1-specific export of glutathionylated substrates, inhibition of glutathione metabolism increases the potency of BCL-2 inhibitors. These results identify ABCC1 and glutathione metabolism as mechanisms limiting efficacy of BCL-2 inhibitors, which may pave the way to development of more effective therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Ebner
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Schmoellerl
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Piontek
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gabriele Manhart
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Selina Troester
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bing Z Carter
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Heidi Neubauer
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Richard Moriggl
- Institute for Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergely Szakács
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre of Natural Sciences, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Johannes Zuber
- Research Institute of Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna BioCenter (VBC), Vienna, Austria
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Köcher
- Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities, Vienna BioCenter, Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wolfgang R Sperr
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Valent
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Division of Hematology and Hemostaseology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Hematology and Oncology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Grebien
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
- St. Anna Children's Cancer Research Institute (CCRI), Vienna, Austria.
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Ucciero A, Pagnoni F, Scotti L, Pisterna A, Barone-Adesi F, Gaidano G, Patriarca A, Lunghi M. Venetoclax with Hypomethylating Agents in Newly Diagnosed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Survival Data from Real-World Studies. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4618. [PMID: 37760587 PMCID: PMC10526951 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15184618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the association of venetoclax (VEN) with hypomethylating agents (HMAs) significantly improved the outcome of patients with newly diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who were unfit for intensive chemotherapy and became the standard of care after the publication of the pivotal RCT VIALE-A. However, it is still not clear to what extent the results observed in the VIALE-A apply to a real-world setting. For this reason, we carried out a systematic review and meta-analysis of real-world studies on newly diagnosed patients with AML, ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy, receiving first-line VEN+HMA. We then compared their results in term of survival with those from the VIALE-A. Kaplan-Meier curves were extracted from all included studies and individual survival data was reconstructed. We then estimated a pooled survival curve and compared it with the results of the VIALE-A using the log-rank test. We also conducted a secondary analysis including only studies considering VEN plus azacytidine (AZA) as treatment, as this was the schedule originally used in the VIALE-A. Nineteen real-world studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Most of them reported a worse survival than the VIALE-A. The pooled survival curve was similar to that reported in the VIALE-A during the first three months of treatment but diverged thereafter (p-value = 0.0001). The pooled median survival among the real-world studies was 9.37 months (95%CI 8.81-10.5), substantially lower than that reported in the VIALE-A (14.7 months; 95%CI 11.9-18.7). Results slightly increased when the analysis was restricted to the studies using VEN+AZA as treatment (median survival: 11.5 months; 95%CI 10.2-14.8). Survival of newly diagnosed AML patients treated with VEN+HMAs in a real-world setting seems to be lower than previously reported in the VIALE-A, while the effect of VEN+AZA is more in line with expected results. Future studies are needed to evaluate whether this apparent discrepancy is due to the different characteristics of enrolled patients or to a non-optimal adherence to therapy, and whether alternative regimens can provide better results in terms of safety and effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Federico Pagnoni
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Lorenza Scotti
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Alessia Pisterna
- Hospital Pharmacy AOU Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Francesco Barone-Adesi
- Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Gaidano
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and AOU Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Andrea Patriarca
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and AOU Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Monia Lunghi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Translational Medicine, University of Eastern Piedmont and AOU Maggiore della Carità, 28100 Novara, Italy
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21
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Glytsou C, Chen X, Zacharioudakis E, Al-Santli W, Zhou H, Nadorp B, Lee S, Lasry A, Sun Z, Papaioannou D, Cammer M, Wang K, Zal T, Zal MA, Carter BZ, Ishizawa J, Tibes R, Tsirigos A, Andreeff M, Gavathiotis E, Aifantis I. Mitophagy Promotes Resistance to BH3 Mimetics in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Cancer Discov 2023; 13:1656-1677. [PMID: 37088914 PMCID: PMC10330144 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-22-0601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
BH3 mimetics are used as an efficient strategy to induce cell death in several blood malignancies, including acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Venetoclax, a potent BCL-2 antagonist, is used clinically in combination with hypomethylating agents for the treatment of AML. Moreover, MCL1 or dual BCL-2/BCL-xL antagonists are under investigation. Yet, resistance to single or combinatorial BH3-mimetic therapies eventually ensues. Integration of multiple genome-wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens revealed that loss of mitophagy modulators sensitizes AML cells to various BH3 mimetics targeting different BCL-2 family members. One such regulator is MFN2, whose protein levels positively correlate with drug resistance in patients with AML. MFN2 overexpression is sufficient to drive resistance to BH3 mimetics in AML. Insensitivity to BH3 mimetics is accompanied by enhanced mitochondria-endoplasmic reticulum interactions and augmented mitophagy flux, which acts as a prosurvival mechanism to eliminate mitochondrial damage. Genetic or pharmacologic MFN2 targeting synergizes with BH3 mimetics by impairing mitochondrial clearance and enhancing apoptosis in AML. SIGNIFICANCE AML remains one of the most difficult-to-treat blood cancers. BH3 mimetics represent a promising therapeutic approach to eliminate AML blasts by activating the apoptotic pathway. Enhanced mitochondrial clearance drives resistance to BH3 mimetics and predicts poor prognosis. Reverting excessive mitophagy can halt BH3-mimetic resistance in AML. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 1501.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Glytsou
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Department of Chemical Biology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers-The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Xufeng Chen
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Emmanouil Zacharioudakis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Wafa Al-Santli
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hua Zhou
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Bettina Nadorp
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Soobeom Lee
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Audrey Lasry
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Zhengxi Sun
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Dimitrios Papaioannou
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Cammer
- Microscopy Core, Division of Advanced Research Technologies, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tomasz Zal
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Malgorzata Anna Zal
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bing Z. Carter
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jo Ishizawa
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Aristotelis Tsirigos
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Applied Bioinformatics Laboratories, NYU School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Michael Andreeff
- Section of Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Evripidis Gavathiotis
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
- Montefiore Einstein Cancer Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA
| | - Iannis Aifantis
- Department of Pathology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Laura & Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Langone Health and NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA
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22
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Shao R, Li Z, Xin H, Jiang S, Zhu Y, Liu J, Huang R, Xu K, Shi X. Biomarkers as targets for CAR-T/NK cell therapy in AML. Biomark Res 2023; 11:65. [PMID: 37330575 DOI: 10.1186/s40364-023-00501-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The most common kind of acute leukemia in adults is acute myeloid leukemia (AML), which is often treated with induction chemotherapy regimens followed by consolidation or allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). However, some patients continue to develop relapsed or refractory AML (R/R-AML). Small molecular targeted drugs require long-time administration. Not all the patients hold molecular targets. Novel medicines are therefore needed to enhance treatment outcomes. T cells and natural killer (NK) cells engineered with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that target antigens associated with AML have recently been produced and are currently being tested in both pre-clinical and clinical settings. This review provides an overview of CAR-T/NK treatments for AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruonan Shao
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zijian Li
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Honglei Xin
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Suyu Jiang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yilin Zhu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jingan Liu
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Huang
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kailin Xu
- Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Shi
- Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.262, North Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210003, Jiangsu, China.
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Azad I, Khan T, Ahmad N, Khan AR, Akhter Y. Updates on drug designing approach through computational strategies: a review. Future Sci OA 2023; 9:FSO862. [PMID: 37180609 PMCID: PMC10167725 DOI: 10.2144/fsoa-2022-0085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The drug discovery and development (DDD) process in pursuit of novel drug candidates is a challenging procedure requiring lots of time and resources. Therefore, computer-aided drug design (CADD) methodologies are used extensively to promote proficiency in drug development in a systematic and time-effective manner. The point in reference is SARS-CoV-2 which has emerged as a global pandemic. In the absence of any confirmed drug moiety to treat the infection, the science fraternity adopted hit and trial methods to come up with a lead drug compound. This article is an overview of the virtual methodologies, which assist in finding novel hits and help in the progression of drug development in a short period with a specific medicinal solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iqbal Azad
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, UP, India
| | - Tahmeena Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, UP, India
| | - Naseem Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, UP, India
| | - Abdul Rahman Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Integral University, Dasauli, P.O. Bas-ha, Kursi Road, Lucknow, 226026, UP, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, UP, 2260025, India
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24
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Janizek JD, Dincer AB, Celik S, Chen H, Chen W, Naxerova K, Lee SI. Uncovering expression signatures of synergistic drug responses via ensembles of explainable machine-learning models. Nat Biomed Eng 2023; 7:811-829. [PMID: 37127711 PMCID: PMC11149694 DOI: 10.1038/s41551-023-01034-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Machine learning may aid the choice of optimal combinations of anticancer drugs by explaining the molecular basis of their synergy. By combining accurate models with interpretable insights, explainable machine learning promises to accelerate data-driven cancer pharmacology. However, owing to the highly correlated and high-dimensional nature of transcriptomic data, naively applying current explainable machine-learning strategies to large transcriptomic datasets leads to suboptimal outcomes. Here by using feature attribution methods, we show that the quality of the explanations can be increased by leveraging ensembles of explainable machine-learning models. We applied the approach to a dataset of 133 combinations of 46 anticancer drugs tested in ex vivo tumour samples from 285 patients with acute myeloid leukaemia and uncovered a haematopoietic-differentiation signature underlying drug combinations with therapeutic synergy. Ensembles of machine-learning models trained to predict drug combination synergies on the basis of gene-expression data may improve the feature attribution quality of complex machine-learning models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph D Janizek
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Ayse B Dincer
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Safiye Celik
- Recursion Pharmaceuticals, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | - Hugh Chen
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - William Chen
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Kamila Naxerova
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Su-In Lee
- Paul G. Allen School of Computer Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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25
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Edmund J, Thaliath LJ, Meleveedu K. Acute myeloid leukemia in the medically unfit elderly patients. Leuk Res 2023; 130:107306. [PMID: 37163857 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2023.107306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Acute Myeloid Leukemia is a clonal proliferative disorder whose incidence increases with age. While studies have shown that the elderly medically unfit patients have poorer outcomes with intensive chemotherapy, a vast majority of them are deemed ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Multiple studies have also shown that poor performance status prior to treatment initiation affects the prognosis. An accurate comprehensive assessment is hence vital to the selection of such patients. The chemotherapy agents that have been used for AML in the medically unfit patients have also changed significantly in the past few years. In this review we focus on the importance of comprehensive geriatric assessment prior to chemotherapy initiation among patients who are 75 years and older and the treatment approaches available for the medically unfit, Acute Myeloid Leukemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Edmund
- Hematology and Oncology, Roger Williams Medical Center, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Kapil Meleveedu
- Hematology and Oncology, Bone Marrow Transplant, University of Connecticut Health Center, CT, USA.
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26
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Todisco E, Papayannidis C, Fracchiolla N, Petracci E, Zingaretti C, Vetro C, Martelli MP, Zappasodi P, Di Renzo N, Gallo S, Audisio E, Griguolo D, Cerchione C, Selleri C, Mattei D, Bernardi M, Fumagalli M, Rizzuto G, Facchini L, Basilico CM, Manfra I, Borlenghi E, Cairoli R, Salutari P, Gottardi M, Molteni A, Martini V, Lunghi M, Fianchi L, Cilloni D, Lanza F, Abruzzese E, Cascavilla N, Rivellini F, Ferrara F, Maurillo L, Nanni J, Romano A, Cardinali V, Gigli F, Roncoroni E, Federico V, Marconi G, Volpi R, Sciumè M, Tarella C, Rossi G, Martinelli G. AVALON: The Italian cohort study on real-life efficacy of hypomethylating agents plus venetoclax in newly diagnosed or relapsed/refractory patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Cancer 2023; 129:992-1004. [PMID: 36692409 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.34608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Venetoclax in combination with hypomethylating agents (HMA) is revolutionizing the therapy of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, evidence on large sets of patients is lacking, especially in relapsed or refractory leukemia. METHODS AVALON is a multicentric cohort study that was conducted in Italy on patients with AML who received venetoclax-based therapies from 2015 to 2020. The study was approved by the ethics committee of the participating institution and was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki. The effectiveness and toxicity of venetoclax + HMA in 190 (43 newly diagnosed, 68 refractory, and 79 relapsed) patients with AML are reported here. RESULTS In the newly diagnosed AML, the overall response rate and survival confirmed the brilliant results demonstrated in VIALE-A. In the relapsed or refractory AML, the combination demonstrated a surprisingly complete remission rate (44.1% in refractory and 39.7% in relapsed evaluable patients) and conferred to treated patients a good expectation of survival. Toxicities were overall manageable, and most incidents occurred in the first 60 days of therapy. Infections were confirmed as the most common nonhematologic adverse event. CONCLUSIONS Real-life data show that the combination of venetoclax and HMA offers an expectation of remission and long-term survival to elderly, newly diagnosed patients, and to relapsed or chemoresistant AML, increasing the chance of cure through a different mechanism of action. The venetoclax + HMA combination is expected to constitute the base for triplet combinations and integration of target therapies. Our data contribute to ameliorate the understanding of venetoclax + HMA effectiveness and toxicities in real life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Todisco
- Divisione di Oncoematologia, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milano, Italy.,SC Ematologia, Ospedale Busto Arsizio, ASST Valle Olona, Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Papayannidis
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Fracchiolla
- UOC Oncoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS "Ca'Granda" Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Petracci
- Unità di Biostatistica e Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (ISRT) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Chiara Zingaretti
- Unità di Biostatistica e Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (ISRT) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Calogero Vetro
- Divisione di Ematologia, AOU Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Maria Paola Martelli
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, Ospedale "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Perugia, Italy
| | - Patrizia Zappasodi
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico "San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | - Nicola Di Renzo
- Unità di Ematologia e TCS, Ospedale "Vito Fazzi", Lecce, Italy
| | - Susanna Gallo
- SCDU di Ematologia e Terapie Cellulari, AO Ordine Mauriziano, Torino, Italy
| | - Ernesta Audisio
- SC Ematologia 2, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza, Torino, Italy
| | | | - Claudio Cerchione
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Ematologia Clinica e Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- UOC Ematologia, AOU "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona", Salerno, Italy
| | - Daniele Mattei
- SC di Ematologia, AO "Santa Croce e Carle", Cuneo, Italy
| | - Massimo Bernardi
- UO Ematologia e Centro Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, IRCCS Ospedale "San Raffaele", Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Fumagalli
- SC Ematologia, Ospedale "San Gerardo", ASST di Monza, Monza, Italy
| | - Giuliana Rizzuto
- UOC Ematologia e Centro Trapianto di Midollo Osseo, ASST "Papa Giovanni XXIII", Bergamo, Italy
| | - Luca Facchini
- UOC Ematologia, Azienda USL IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | | | - Ilenia Manfra
- UO Ematologia, Azienda Ospedaliera "S. G. Moscati", Avellino, Italy
| | - Erika Borlenghi
- UO Ematologia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Roberto Cairoli
- SC Ematologia, ASST Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda, Milano, Italy
| | - Prassede Salutari
- UOC Ematologia Clinica, Ospedale Civile "Santo Spirito", Pescara, Italy
| | - Michele Gottardi
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, UOC Oncoematologia, Istituto Oncologico Veneto (IOV) IRCCS, Padova, Italy
| | | | | | - Monia Lunghi
- SCDU Ematologia, AOU "Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Luana Fianchi
- UOC Ematologia e TCSE, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "A. Gemelli" IRCCS, Roma, Italy
| | - Daniela Cilloni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Cliniche e Biologiche, Università di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Lanza
- UO Ematologia, Ospedale "Santa Maria delle Croci", AUSL Romagna, Ravenna, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Abruzzese
- Dipartimento di Ematologia, Ospedale "S. Eugenio", Università Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Nicola Cascavilla
- UO Ematologia, Ospedale "Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza" IRCCS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy
| | - Flavia Rivellini
- UOC Oncoematologia, Presidio Ospedaliero "A. Tortora", Pagani, Italy
| | | | - Luca Maurillo
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina e Prevenzione, Università Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
| | - Jacopo Nanni
- IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Bologna, Istituto di Ematologia "Seràgnoli", Bologna, Italy
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Divisione di Ematologia, AOU Policlinico "G. Rodolico-San Marco", Catania, Italy
| | - Valeria Cardinali
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Perugia, Ospedale "Santa Maria della Misericordia", Perugia, Italy
| | - Federica Gigli
- Divisione di Oncoematologia, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Elisa Roncoroni
- Dipartimento di Oncoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico "San Matteo", Pavia, Italy
| | | | - Giovanni Marconi
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Ematologia Clinica e Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Roberta Volpi
- Unità di Biostatistica e Clinical Trials, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (ISRT) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
| | - Mariarita Sciumè
- UOC Oncoematologia, Fondazione IRCCS "Ca'Granda" Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Corrado Tarella
- Divisione di Oncoematologia, IRCCS Istituto Europeo di Oncologia, Milano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Rossi
- UO Ematologia, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Martinelli
- Dipartimento di Oncologia ed Ematologia Clinica e Sperimentale, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) "Dino Amadori", Meldola, Italy
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27
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Broni E, Ashley C, Adams J, Manu H, Aikins E, Okom M, Miller WA, Wilson MD, Kwofie SK. Cheminformatics-Based Study Identifies Potential Ebola VP40 Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076298. [PMID: 37047270 PMCID: PMC10094735 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The Ebola virus (EBOV) is still highly infectious and causes severe hemorrhagic fevers in primates. However, there are no regulatorily approved drugs against the Ebola virus disease (EVD). The highly virulent and lethal nature of EVD highlights the need to develop therapeutic agents. Viral protein 40 kDa (VP40), the most abundantly expressed protein during infection, coordinates the assembly, budding, and release of viral particles into the host cell. It also regulates viral transcription and RNA replication. This study sought to identify small molecules that could potentially inhibit the VP40 protein by targeting the N-terminal domain using an in silico approach. The statistical quality of AutoDock Vina’s capacity to discriminate between inhibitors and decoys was determined, and an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristic (AUC-ROC) curve of 0.791 was obtained. A total of 29,519 natural-product-derived compounds from Chinese and African sources as well as 2738 approved drugs were successfully screened against VP40. Using a threshold of −8 kcal/mol, a total of 7, 11, 163, and 30 compounds from the AfroDb, Northern African Natural Products Database (NANPDB), traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and approved drugs libraries, respectively, were obtained after molecular docking. A biological activity prediction of the lead compounds suggested their potential antiviral properties. In addition, random-forest- and support-vector-machine-based algorithms predicted the compounds to be anti-Ebola with IC50 values in the micromolar range (less than 25 μM). A total of 42 natural-product-derived compounds were identified as potential EBOV inhibitors with desirable ADMET profiles, comprising 1, 2, and 39 compounds from NANPDB (2-hydroxyseneganolide), AfroDb (ZINC000034518176 and ZINC000095485942), and TCM, respectively. A total of 23 approved drugs, including doramectin, glecaprevir, velpatasvir, ledipasvir, avermectin B1, nafarelin acetate, danoprevir, eltrombopag, lanatoside C, and glycyrrhizin, among others, were also predicted to have potential anti-EBOV activity and can be further explored so that they may be repurposed for EVD treatment. Molecular dynamics simulations coupled with molecular mechanics Poisson–Boltzmann surface area calculations corroborated the stability and good binding affinities of the complexes (−46.97 to −118.9 kJ/mol). The potential lead compounds may have the potential to be developed as anti-EBOV drugs after experimental testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Broni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 77, Ghana
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), College of Health Sciences (CHS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 581, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Carolyn Ashley
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Joseph Adams
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), College of Health Sciences (CHS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 581, Ghana
| | - Hammond Manu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 77, Ghana
| | - Ebenezer Aikins
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 77, Ghana
| | - Mary Okom
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 77, Ghana
| | - Whelton A. Miller
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence: (W.A.M.III); (S.K.K.); Tel.: +1(708)-2168451 (W.A.M.III); +23-320-3797922 (S.K.K.)
| | - Michael D. Wilson
- Department of Parasitology, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research (NMIMR), College of Health Sciences (CHS), University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 581, Ghana
- Department of Medicine, Loyola University Medical Center, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL 60153, USA
| | - Samuel K. Kwofie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering Sciences, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra LG 77, Ghana
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, College of Basic and Applied Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra LG 54, Ghana
- Correspondence: (W.A.M.III); (S.K.K.); Tel.: +1(708)-2168451 (W.A.M.III); +23-320-3797922 (S.K.K.)
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Mishra SK, Millman SE, Zhang L. Metabolism in acute myeloid leukemia: mechanistic insights and therapeutic targets. Blood 2023; 141:1119-1135. [PMID: 36548959 PMCID: PMC10375271 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022018092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic rewiring and cellular reprogramming are trademarks of neoplastic initiation and progression in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Metabolic alteration in leukemic cells is often genotype specific, with associated changes in epigenetic and functional factors resulting in the downstream upregulation or facilitation of oncogenic pathways. Targeting abnormal or disease-sustaining metabolic activities in AML provides a wide range of therapeutic opportunities, ideally with enhanced therapeutic windows and robust clinical efficacy. This review highlights the dysregulation of amino acid, nucleotide, lipid, and carbohydrate metabolism in AML; explores the role of key vitamins and enzymes that regulate these processes; and provides an overview of metabolism-directed therapies currently in use or development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Scott E. Millman
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Lingbo Zhang
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY
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29
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Peris I, Romero-Murillo S, Martínez-Balsalobre E, Farrington CC, Arriazu E, Marcotegui N, Jiménez-Muñoz M, Alburquerque-Prieto C, Torres-López A, Fresquet V, Martínez-Climent JA, Mateos MC, Cayuela ML, Narla G, Odero MD, Vicente C. Activation of the PP2A-B56α heterocomplex synergizes with venetoclax therapies in AML through BCL2 and MCL1 modulation. Blood 2023; 141:1047-1059. [PMID: 36455198 PMCID: PMC10023731 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2022016466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax combination therapies are becoming the standard of care in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). However, the therapeutic benefit of these drugs in older/unfit patients is limited to only a few months, highlighting the need for more effective therapies. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) is a tumor suppressor phosphatase with pleiotropic functions that becomes inactivated in ∼70% of AML cases. PP2A promotes cancer cell death by modulating the phosphorylation state in a variety of proteins along the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway. We therefore hypothesized that pharmacological PP2A reactivation could increase BCL2 dependency in AML cells and, thus, potentiate venetoclax-induced cell death. Here, by using 3 structurally distinct PP2A-activating drugs, we show that PP2A reactivation synergistically enhances venetoclax activity in AML cell lines, primary cells, and xenograft models. Through the use of gene editing tools and pharmacological approaches, we demonstrate that the observed therapeutic synergy relies on PP2A complexes containing the B56α regulatory subunit, of which expression dictates response to the combination therapy. Mechanistically, PP2A reactivation enhances venetoclax-driven apoptosis through simultaneous inhibition of antiapoptotic BCL2 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase signaling, with the latter decreasing MCL1 protein stability. Finally, PP2A targeting increases the efficacy of the clinically approved venetoclax and azacitidine combination in vitro, in primary cells, and in an AML patient-derived xenograft model. These preclinical results provide a scientific rationale for testing PP2A-activating drugs with venetoclax combinations in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Peris
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Silvia Romero-Murillo
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Balsalobre
- Cancer and Aging Group, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain
| | - Caroline C. Farrington
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Elena Arriazu
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea Marcotegui
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Marta Jiménez-Muñoz
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | | | | | - Vicente Fresquet
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A. Martínez-Climent
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria C. Mateos
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Hematology Service, Hospital Universitario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Maria L. Cayuela
- Cancer and Aging Group, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, and Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Murcia, Spain
| | - Goutham Narla
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - Maria D. Odero
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Oncología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Vicente
- Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
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30
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Hofmann WK, Trumpp A, Müller-Tidow C. Therapy resistance mechanisms in hematological malignancies. Int J Cancer 2023; 152:340-347. [PMID: 35962946 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are model diseases for understanding neoplastic transformation and serve as prototypes for developing effective therapies. Indeed, the concept of systemic cancer therapy originated in hematologic malignancies and has guided the development of chemotherapy, cellular therapies, immunotherapy and modern precision oncology. Despite significant advances in the treatment of leukemias, lymphomas and multiple myelomas, treatment resistance associated with molecular and clinical relapse remains very common. Therapy of relapsed and refractory disease remains extremely difficult, and failure of disease control at this stage remains the leading cause of mortality in patients with hematologic malignancies. In recent years, many efforts have been made to identify the genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that drive the development of hematologic malignancies to the stage of full-blown disease requiring clinical intervention. In contrast, the mechanisms responsible for treatment resistance in hematologic malignancies remain poorly understood. For example, the molecular characteristics of therapy-resistant persisting cells in minimal residual disease (MRD) remain rather elusive. In this mini-review we want to discuss that cellular heterogeneity and plasticity, together with adaptive genetic and epigenetic processes, lead to reduced sensitivity to various treatment regimens such as chemotherapy and pathway inhibitors such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors. However, resistance mechanisms may be conserved across biologically distinct cancer entities. Recent technological advances have made it possible to explore the underlying mechanisms of therapy resistance with unprecedented resolution and depth. These include novel multi-omics technologies with single cell resolution combined with advanced biocomputational approaches, along with artificial intelligence (AI) and sophisticated disease models for functional validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolf-Karsten Hofmann
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Trumpp
- Heidelberg Institute for Stem Cell Technology and Experimental Medicine (HI-STEM gGmbH) and Division of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carsten Müller-Tidow
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
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31
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Boila LD, Ghosh S, Bandyopadhyay SK, Jin L, Murison A, Zeng AGX, Shaikh W, Bhowmik S, Muddineni SSNA, Biswas M, Sinha S, Chatterjee SS, Mbong N, Gan OI, Bose A, Chakraborty S, Arruda A, Kennedy JA, Mitchell A, Lechman ER, Banerjee D, Milyavsky M, Minden MD, Dick JE, Sengupta A. KDM6 demethylases integrate DNA repair gene regulation and loss of KDM6A sensitizes human acute myeloid leukemia to PARP and BCL2 inhibition. Leukemia 2023; 37:751-764. [PMID: 36720973 DOI: 10.1038/s41375-023-01833-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous, aggressive malignancy with dismal prognosis and with limited availability of targeted therapies. Epigenetic deregulation contributes to AML pathogenesis. KDM6 proteins are histone-3-lysine-27-demethylases that play context-dependent roles in AML. We inform that KDM6-demethylase function critically regulates DNA-damage-repair-(DDR) gene expression in AML. Mechanistically, KDM6 expression is regulated by genotoxic stress, with deficiency of KDM6A-(UTX) and KDM6B-(JMJD3) impairing DDR transcriptional activation and compromising repair potential. Acquired KDM6A loss-of-function mutations are implicated in chemoresistance, although a significant percentage of relapsed-AML has upregulated KDM6A. Olaparib treatment reduced engraftment of KDM6A-mutant-AML-patient-derived xenografts, highlighting synthetic lethality using Poly-(ADP-ribose)-polymerase-(PARP)-inhibition. Crucially, a higher KDM6A expression is correlated with venetoclax tolerance. Loss of KDM6A increased mitochondrial activity, BCL2 expression, and sensitized AML cells to venetoclax. Additionally, BCL2A1 associates with venetoclax resistance, and KDM6A loss was accompanied with a downregulated BCL2A1. Corroborating these results, dual targeting of PARP and BCL2 was superior to PARP or BCL2 inhibitor monotherapy in inducing AML apoptosis, and primary AML cells carrying KDM6A-domain mutations were even more sensitive to the combination. Together, our study illustrates a mechanistic rationale in support of a novel combination therapy for AML based on subtype-heterogeneity, and establishes KDM6A as a molecular regulator for determining therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liberalis Debraj Boila
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Subhadeep Ghosh
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Subham K Bandyopadhyay
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Liqing Jin
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Alex Murison
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Andy G X Zeng
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Wasim Shaikh
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Satyaki Bhowmik
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | | | - Mayukh Biswas
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Irving Cancer Research Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sayantani Sinha
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Shankha Subhra Chatterjee
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Nathan Mbong
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Olga I Gan
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Anwesha Bose
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India.,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India
| | - Sayan Chakraborty
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India
| | - Andrea Arruda
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - James A Kennedy
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Amanda Mitchell
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Eric R Lechman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Debasis Banerjee
- Park Clinic, Gorky Terrace and Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratisthan, Kolkata, 700017, West Bengal, India
| | - Michael Milyavsky
- Department of Pathology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Mark D Minden
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.,Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - John E Dick
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, M5G 1L7, Canada. .,Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Amitava Sengupta
- Stem Cell & Leukemia Lab, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, IICB-Translational Research Unit of Excellence, Salt Lake, Kolkata, 700091, West Bengal, India. .,Academy of Scientific & Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India. .,CSIR-IICB-Cancer Biology & Inflammatory Disorder Division, 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, 700032, West Bengal, India.
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Fooks K, Galicia-Vazquez G, Gife V, Schcolnik-Cabrera A, Nouhi Z, Poon WWL, Luo V, Rys RN, Aloyz R, Orthwein A, Johnson NA, Hulea L, Mercier FE. EIF4A inhibition targets bioenergetic homeostasis in AML MOLM-14 cells in vitro and in vivo and synergizes with cytarabine and venetoclax. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2022; 41:340. [PMID: 36482393 PMCID: PMC9733142 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02542-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematological cancer resulting from uncontrolled proliferation of differentiation-blocked myeloid cells. Seventy percent of AML patients are currently not cured with available treatments, highlighting the need of novel therapeutic strategies. A promising target in AML is the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). Clinical inhibition of mTORC1 is limited by its reactivation through compensatory and regulatory feedback loops. Here, we explored a strategy to curtail these drawbacks through inhibition of an important effector of the mTORC1signaling pathway, the eukaryotic initiation factor 4A (eIF4A). METHODS We tested the anti-leukemic effect of a potent and specific eIF4A inhibitor (eIF4Ai), CR-1-31-B, in combination with cytosine arabinoside (araC) or the BCL2 inhibitor venetoclax. We utilized the MOLM-14 human AML cell line to model chemoresistant disease both in vitro and in vivo. In eIF4Ai-treated cells, we assessed for changes in survival, apoptotic priming, de novo protein synthesis, targeted intracellular metabolite content, bioenergetic profile, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). RESULTS eIF4Ai exhibits anti-leukemia activity in vivo while sparing non-malignant myeloid cells. In vitro, eIF4Ai synergizes with two therapeutic agents in AML, araC and venetoclax. EIF4Ai reduces mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and the rate of ATP synthesis from mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis. Furthermore, eIF4i enhanced apoptotic priming while reducing the expression levels of the antiapoptotic factors BCL2, BCL-XL and MCL1. Concomitantly, eIF4Ai decreases intracellular levels of specific metabolic intermediates of the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and glucose metabolism, while enhancing mtROS. In vitro redox stress contributes to eIF4Ai cytotoxicity, as treatment with a ROS scavenger partially rescued the viability of eIF4A inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We discovered that chemoresistant MOLM-14 cells rely on eIF4A-dependent cap translation for survival in vitro and in vivo. EIF4A drives an intrinsic metabolic program sustaining bioenergetic and redox homeostasis and regulates the expression of anti-apoptotic proteins. Overall, our work suggests that eIF4A-dependent cap translation contributes to adaptive processes involved in resistance to relevant therapeutic agents in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Fooks
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Victor Gife
- grid.414216.40000 0001 0742 1666Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Present Address: Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Zaynab Nouhi
- grid.414216.40000 0001 0742 1666Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - William W. L. Poon
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent Luo
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Ryan N. Rys
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Physiology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Raquel Aloyz
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Alexandre Orthwein
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada ,grid.189967.80000 0001 0941 6502Present Address: Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, USA
| | - Nathalie A. Johnson
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Gerald Bronfman Department of Oncology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laura Hulea
- grid.414216.40000 0001 0742 1666Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital Research Centre, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Present Address: Département de Biochimie et Médecine Moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14848.310000 0001 2292 3357Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Francois E. Mercier
- grid.414980.00000 0000 9401 2774Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, Montreal, Canada ,grid.14709.3b0000 0004 1936 8649Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Feng H, Liu Y, Zhang M, Liu R, Wang J, Wang W, He P, Zhang P, Niu F. De Novo design of a humanized antiCD33 antibody-oridonin conjugate for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 629:152-158. [PMID: 36122452 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common blood cancer in adults. Patients' 5-year overall survival is less than 30% thus having a poor prognosis. To date, the development of novel target therapies is still necessary to ameliorate patients' survival. Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) represent a promising class of drugs for the treatment of AML. CD33 is highly expressed on AML cells, and the FDA-approved CD33-targeted ADC drug-gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO) has proved the feasibility of CD33-targeted ADC drug design. In this study, we constructed a novel CD33-targeted ADC drug composed of a humanized anti-CD33 antibody and oridonin as a payload with a cleaved chemical linker. Oridonin is a natural product that has great cancer therapy potential while its poor bioavailability and targeting ability limited its clinical use. Herein, we demonstrated that antiCD33-oridonin specifically delivered oridonin in AML cells improved AML cells killing ability of oridonin. Meanwhile, it did not show any non-specific toxicity on CD33 negative cells. In summary, we developed a novel AML targeting ADC with clinical application potential, and therefore provided a new solution for the druggability improvement of oridonin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Feng
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengyao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ruimin Liu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jincheng Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Pengcheng He
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
| | - Penghui Zhang
- Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fan Niu
- Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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Krawiec K, Strzałka P, Czemerska M, Wiśnik A, Zawlik I, Wierzbowska A, Pluta A. Targeting Apoptosis in AML: Where Do We Stand? Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14204995. [PMID: 36291779 PMCID: PMC9600036 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14204995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), genetic mutations can cause cells to evade regulated cell death (RCD), resulting in excessive cell proliferation. The best-known form of RCD is apoptosis, which prevents the emergence of cancer cells; disturbances in this process are an important factor in the development and progression of AML. Clearly, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of apoptosis to establish a personalized, patient-specific approach in AML therapy. Therefore, this paper comprehensively reviews the current range of AML treatment approaches related to apoptosis and highlights other promising concepts such as neddylation. Abstract More than 97% of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) demonstrate genetic mutations leading to excessive proliferation combined with the evasion of regulated cell death (RCD). The most prominent and well-defined form of RCD is apoptosis, which serves as a defense mechanism against the emergence of cancer cells. Apoptosis is regulated in part by the BCL-2 family of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins, whose balance can significantly determine cell survival. Apoptosis evasion plays a key role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance, and thus in the development and progression of AML. Research on the structural and biochemical aspects of apoptosis proteins and their regulators offers promise for new classes of targeted therapies and strategies for therapeutic intervention. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current AML treatment options related to the mechanism of apoptosis, particularly its mitochondrial pathway, and other promising concepts such as neddylation. It pays particular attention to clinically-relevant aspects of current and future AML treatment approaches, highlighting the molecular basis of individual therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Krawiec
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Piotr Strzałka
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Magdalena Czemerska
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Aneta Wiśnik
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Izabela Zawlik
- Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Centre for Innovative Research in Medical and Natural Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Wierzbowska
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Pluta
- Department of Hematology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Copernicus Multi-Specialist Oncology and Traumatology Center, 93-513 Lodz, Poland
- Correspondence:
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Lee C, Lee S, Park E, Hong J, Shin DY, Byun JM, Yun H, Koh Y, Yoon SS. Transcriptional signatures of the BCL2 family for individualized acute myeloid leukaemia treatment. Genome Med 2022; 14:111. [PMID: 36171613 PMCID: PMC9520894 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although anti-apoptotic proteins of the B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL2) family have been utilized as therapeutic targets in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), their complicated regulatory networks make individualized therapy difficult. This study aimed to discover the transcriptional signatures of BCL2 family genes that reflect regulatory dynamics, which can guide individualized therapeutic strategies. Methods From three AML RNA-seq cohorts (BeatAML, LeuceGene, and TCGA; n = 451, 437, and 179, respectively), we constructed the BCL2 family signatures (BFSigs) by applying an innovative gene-set selection method reflecting biological knowledge followed by non-negative matrix factorization (NMF). To demonstrate the significance of the BFSigs, we conducted modelling to predict response to BCL2 family inhibitors, clustering, and functional enrichment analysis. Cross-platform validity of BFSigs was also confirmed using NanoString technology in a separate cohort of 47 patients. Results We established BFSigs labeled as the BCL2, MCL1/BCL2, and BFL1/MCL1 signatures that identify key anti-apoptotic proteins. Unsupervised clustering based on BFSig information consistently classified AML patients into three robust subtypes across different AML cohorts, implying the existence of biological entities revealed by the BFSig approach. Interestingly, each subtype has distinct enrichment patterns of major cancer pathways, including MAPK and mTORC1, which propose subtype-specific combination treatment with apoptosis modulating drugs. The BFSig-based classifier also predicted response to venetoclax with remarkable performance (area under the ROC curve, AUROC = 0.874), which was well-validated in an independent cohort (AUROC = 0.950). Lastly, we successfully confirmed the validity of BFSigs using NanoString technology. Conclusions This study proposes BFSigs as a biomarker for the effective selection of apoptosis targeting treatments and cancer pathways to co-target in AML. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13073-022-01115-w.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chansub Lee
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungyoung Lee
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunchae Park
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junshik Hong
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeop Shin
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ja Min Byun
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongseok Yun
- Department of Genomic Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Precision Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Youngil Koh
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sung-Soo Yoon
- Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Center for Medical Innovation, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea. .,Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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36
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Long Z, Ruan M, Wu W, Zeng Q, Li Q, Huang Z. The successful combination of grapefruit juice and venetoclax in an unfit acute myeloid leukemia patient with adverse risk: A case report. Front Oncol 2022; 12:912696. [PMID: 36248996 PMCID: PMC9554551 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.912696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax combined with hypomethylating agents such as azacitidine and decitabine is the standard regime for the elderly patient with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) unfit for intensive induction therapy. However, many patients struggle with finances and forgo treatments due to the high costs of venetoclax. In this study, we performed the regime with azacitidine, low-dose venetoclax, and grapefruit juice on an unfit AML patient with TP53 mutation. The peak venetoclax concentration (Cmax) and side effects on the patient were also monitored. The patient achieved complete remission with the venetoclax Cmax within the effective concentration range (1,000–3,000 ng/ml) and maintained durable remission until recently. Febrile neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and pneumonia appeared during the first cycle and were recovered by stimulating agents and antibiotic treatment. This improvement combination approach by drug-food interaction may enlighten other similarly patients with AML, especially those in low-middle income countries.
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37
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Design, Fabrication and Evaluation of Stabilized Polymeric mixed micelles for Effective Management in Cancer Therapy. Pharm Res 2022; 39:2761-2780. [PMID: 36171346 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03395-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cancer is one of the most common and fatal disease, chemotherapy is the major treatment against many cancer types. The anti-apoptotic BCL-2 protein's expression was increased in many cancer types and Venetoclax (VLX; BCL-2 inhibitor) is a small molecule, which selectively inhibits this specified protein. In order to increase the clinical performance of this promising inhibitor as a repurposed drug, polymeric mixed micelles formulations approach was explored. METHODS The Venetoclax loaded polymeric mixed micelles (VPMM) were prepared by using Pluronic® F-127 and alpha tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (TPGS) as excipients by thin film hydration method and characteristics. The percentage drug loading capacity, entrapment efficiency and in-vitro drug release studies were performed using HPLC method. The cytotoxicity assay, cell uptake and anticancer activities were evaluated in two different cancer cells i.e. MCF-7 (breast cancer) and A-549 (lung cancer). RESULTS Particle size, polydispersity index and zeta potential of the VPMM was found to be 72.88 ± 0.09 nm, 0.078 ± 0.009 and -4.29 ± 0.24 mV, respectively. The entrapment efficiency and %drug loading were found to be 80.12 ± 0.23% and 2.13% ± 0.14%, respectively. The IC50 of VLX was found to be 4.78, 1.30, 0.94 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively in MCF-7 cells and 1.24, 0.68, and 0.314 µg/ml at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively in A549 cells. Whereas, IC50 of VPMM was found to be 0.42, 0.29, 0.09 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 h, respectively in MCF-7 cells and 0.85, 0.13, 0.008 µg/ml at 24, 48 and 72 h in A549 cells, respectively, indicating VPMM showing better anti-cancer activity compared to VLX. The VPMM showed better cytotoxicity which was further proven by other assays and explained the anti-cancer activity is shown through the generation of ROS, nuclear damage,apoptotic cell death and expression of caspase-3,7, and 9 activities in apoptotic cells. CONCLUSION The current investigation revealed that the Venetoclax loaded polymeric mixed micelles (VPMM) revealed the enhanced therapeutic efficacy against breast and lung cancer in vitro models.
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38
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Ung J, Tan SF, Fox TE, Shaw JJP, Vass LR, Costa-Pinheiro P, Garrett-Bakelman FE, Keng MK, Sharma A, Claxton DF, Levine RL, Tallman MS, Cabot MC, Kester M, Feith DJ, Loughran TP. Harnessing the power of sphingolipids: Prospects for acute myeloid leukemia. Blood Rev 2022; 55:100950. [PMID: 35487785 PMCID: PMC9475810 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2022.100950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive, heterogenous malignancy characterized by clonal expansion of bone marrow-derived myeloid progenitor cells. While our current understanding of the molecular and genomic landscape of AML has evolved dramatically and opened avenues for molecularly targeted therapeutics to improve upon standard intensive induction chemotherapy, curative treatments are elusive, particularly in older patients. Responses to current AML treatments are transient and incomplete, necessitating the development of novel treatment strategies to improve outcomes. To this end, harnessing the power of bioactive sphingolipids to treat cancer shows great promise. Sphingolipids are involved in many hallmarks of cancer of paramount importance in AML. Leukemic blast survival is influenced by cellular levels of ceramide, a bona fide pro-death molecule, and its conversion to signaling molecules such as sphingosine-1-phosphate and glycosphingolipids. Preclinical studies demonstrate the efficacy of therapeutics that target dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism as well as their combinatorial synergy with clinically-relevant therapeutics. Thus, increased understanding of sphingolipid dysregulation may be exploited to improve AML patient care and outcomes. This review summarizes the current knowledge of dysregulated sphingolipid metabolism in AML, evaluates how pro-survival sphingolipids promote AML pathogenesis, and discusses the therapeutic potential of targeting these dysregulated sphingolipid pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johnson Ung
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Su-Fern Tan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Todd E Fox
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Jeremy J P Shaw
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Luke R Vass
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Pedro Costa-Pinheiro
- Cancer Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States of America
| | - Francine E Garrett-Bakelman
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Michael K Keng
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Arati Sharma
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - David F Claxton
- Penn State Cancer Institute, Hershey, PA, United States of America
| | - Ross L Levine
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America; Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Martin S Tallman
- Leukemia Service, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, United States of America
| | - Myles C Cabot
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States of America; East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, United States of America
| | - Mark Kester
- University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - David J Feith
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America
| | - Thomas P Loughran
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; Division of Hematology/Oncology, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America; University of Virginia Cancer Center, Charlottesville, VA, United States of America.
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Choi M, Song J, Bui CN, Ma E, Chai X, Yin L, Betts KA, Kapustyan T, Montez M, LeBlanc TW. Costs per patient achieving remission with venetoclax-based combinations in newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia ineligible for intensive induction chemotherapy. J Manag Care Spec Pharm 2022; 28:980-988. [DOI: 10.18553/jmcp.2022.22021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Lei Yin
- Analysis Group, Los Angeles, CA
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40
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Zhang W, Liu J, Li Y, Guo F. A bavachinin analog, D36, induces cell death by targeting both autophagy and apoptosis pathway in acute myeloid leukemia cells. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2022; 90:251-265. [PMID: 35960342 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-022-04462-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive hematologic malignancy with high mortality, and it is urgent to find new and optimized treatment strategies for AML. In this study, bavachinin, isolated from Psoralea corylifolia L. exhibiting extensive anti-tumor activity in many solid tumors and a series of its synthesized analogs, were screened for their anti-cancer activity on AML cell lines. METHODS The cell viability of AML cells was measured using CCK-8 assays. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were detected by flow cytometry. The expression of apoptosis-related protein and autophagy-related protein/gene was detected by western blot, immunofluorescence or RT-PCR. Subcutaneous mice tumor model was used to evaluate the anti-cancer activity of D36 in vivo. RESULTS D36 robustly induced AML cells death in a dose-dependent manner with the IC50 value of 1.0 μM for HL-60 cells and 0.81 μM for MV4-11 cells at 24 h. D36 activated autophagy by inducing the accumulation of LC3B and promoting the autophagy flux. In addition, D36 triggered the extrinsic apoptosis by upregulating the protein level of FAS, cleaved-caspase 8, cleaved-caspase 3 and cleaved-PARP. D36 also blocked the cell cycle at S phase or G2/M phase in AML cells. In addition, we find that activation of caspase cascade induced apoptosis and meanwhile activated autophagy, autophagy activation in turns contributes to apoptosis. Furthermore, D36 suppressed the tumor growth in HL-60 AML-bearing mice without obvious side effects. CONCLUSION This study suggests that D36 is a promising small-molecule for the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fujiang Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1200 Cai Lun Road, Shanghai, 201203, People's Republic of China.
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In Pursuit of Genetic Prognostic Factors and Treatment Approaches in Secondary Acute Myeloid Leukemia—A Narrative Review of Current Knowledge. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11154283. [PMID: 35893374 PMCID: PMC9332027 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11154283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Secondary acute myeloid leukemia can be divided into two categories: AML evolving from the antecedent hematological condition (AHD-AML) and therapy related AML (t-AML). AHD-AML can evolve from hematological conditions such as myelodysplastic syndromes, myeloproliferative neoplasms, MDS/MPN overlap syndromes, Fanconi anemia, and aplastic anemia. Leukemic transformation occurs as a consequence of the clonal evolution—a process of the acquisition of mutations in clones, while previous mutations are also passed on, leading to somatic mutations accumulation. Compared de novo AML, secondary AML is generally associated with poorer response to chemotherapy and poorer prognosis. The therapeutic options for patients with s-AML have been confirmed to be limited, as s-AML has often been analyzed either both with de novo AML or completely excluded from clinical trials. The treatment of s-AML was not in any way different than de novo AML, until, that is, the introduction of CPX-351—liposomal daunorubicin and cytarabine. CPX-351 significantly improved the overall survival and progression free survival in elderly patients with s-AML. The only definitive treatment in s-AML at this time is allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. A better understanding of the genetics and epigenetics of s-AML would allow us to determine precise biologic drivers leading to leukogenesis and thus help to apply a targeted treatment, improving prognosis.
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Zhou C, Wang Z, Yang S, Li H, Zhao L. Hymeglusin Enhances the Pro-Apoptotic Effects of Venetoclax in Acute Myeloid Leukemia. Front Oncol 2022; 12:864430. [PMID: 35847946 PMCID: PMC9277771 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.864430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax is used for the priority treatment of elderly patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Resistance or intolerance to venetoclax offsets its clinical benefits in some patients. Combination strategies with other drugs are promising alternatives to overcome the current complications associated with venetoclax use. Hymeglusin, a specific inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase 1 (HMGCS1), regulates the mevalonate pathway, which is vital for AML growth and chemosensitivity. The effects of the combination of venetoclax and hymeglusin on AML were explored in this study. The correlations between HMGCS1 and apoptosis-related genes were analyzed using the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 and The Cancer Genome Atlas databases. Apoptosis and cell viability were detected in HL-60 and KG-1 cells after treatment with gradient concentrations of venetoclax or hymeglusin. The transcriptomic profiles of HL-60 and KG-1 cells were compared via RNA-Seq analysis. The effects of venetoclax and hymeglusin on apoptosis were validated in primary cells. The results showed that HMGCS1 expression was closely associated with apoptosis-related genes based on the data from large clinical databases. B cell lymphoma (BCL)-2 expression was elevated in AML and negatively associated with overall survival. Hymeglusin decreased BCL2 expression levels in HL-60 and KG-1 cells. Venetoclax and hymeglusin inhibited cell viability in both cell lines, but induced apoptosis in HL-60 cells. This discrepancy in sensitivity to hymeglusin may be attributed to the positive increase in the expression levels of HMGCS1 and multiple upregulated pro-leukemia genes in KG-1 cells. Combination treatment with venetoclax and hymeglusin significantly increased the apoptotic rates compared to single-agent treatment in both AML cell lines and primary AML cells. Furthermore, the combination strategy did not result in remarkably enhanced toxicity in normal mononuclear cells. Collectively, hymeglusin enhanced the effects of venetoclax on apoptosis. This combination strategy showed enhanced antileukemic activity with acceptable toxicity in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiqin Wang
- Department of Geriatric Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shuanghui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huan Li
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Liang Zhao
- Department of Hematology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Wei W, Huang S, Ling Q, Mao S, Qian Y, Ye W, Li F, Pan J, Lin X, Huang J, Huang X, Zhai Y, Sun J, Jin J. Homoharringtonine is synergistically lethal with BCL-2 inhibitor APG-2575 in acute myeloid leukemia. Lab Invest 2022; 20:299. [PMID: 35794605 PMCID: PMC9258085 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Despite advances in targeted agent development, effective treatment of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remains a major clinical challenge. The B-cell lymphoma-2 (BCL-2) inhibitor exhibited promising clinical activity in AML, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) treatment. APG-2575 is a novel BCL-2 selective inhibitor, which has demonstrated anti-tumor activity in hematologic malignancies. Homoharringtonine (HHT), an alkaloid, exhibited anti-AML activity.
Methods
The synergistic effects of APG-2575 and HHT were studied in AML cell lines and primary samples. MTS was used to measure the cell viability. Annexin V/propidium iodide staining was used to measure the apoptosis rate by flow cytometry. AML cell xenografted mouse models were established to evaluate the anti-leukemic effect of BCL-2 inhibitor, HHT and their combination in vivo. Western blot was used to determine the expression of related proteins.
Results
APG-2575 showed comparable anti-leukemic effect to the FDA-approved BCL-2 inhibitor ABT-199 in vitro and in vivo. Combined treatment of HHT with APG-2575 synergistically inhibited AML cell growth and engraftment. Mechanistically, HHT promoted degradation of myeloid cell leukemia-1 (MCL-1), which was reported to induce BCL-2 inhibitor resistant, through the PI3K/AKT/GSK3β signaling pathway.
Conclusion
Our results provide an effective AML treatment strategy through combination of APG-2575 and HHT, which is worthy of further clinical research.
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Roldán Pérez A, Vázquez Paganini JA, Penalva Moreno MJ, Giménez Mesa E, Vilches Moreno AS, Nuñez‐Torrón Stock C, Herráez García R. Real-life experience of venetoclax and hypomethylating agents in acute myeloid leukemia patients not candidates for intensive chemotherapy or who are refractory/relapsed: A single-centre experience. Clin Case Rep 2022; 10:e6116. [PMID: 35898750 PMCID: PMC9309735 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
We report our experience with venetoclax/hypomethylating agents (Ven/HMA) in 8 AML patients not candidates for intensive CT or refractory/relapsed with limited treatment options. The response rate was 50%. Venetoclax was well-tolerated in 62.5% of the patients. Ven/HMA provides a benefit particularly when used in patients without prior HMA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Roldán Pérez
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
| | | | - M. José Penalva Moreno
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
| | - Eugenio Giménez Mesa
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
| | - Alba Sara Vilches Moreno
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
| | - Claudia Nuñez‐Torrón Stock
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
| | - Regina Herráez García
- Department of Hemotherapy and HaematologyHospital Universitario Infanta SofiaSan Sebastián de los ReyesSpain
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Raslan O, Garcia-Horton A. Azacitidine and its role in the upfront treatment of acute myeloid leukemia. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2022; 23:873-884. [PMID: 35695017 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2022.2082284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) predominantly affects elderly population. This poses challenges in management, as patients are frequently not candidates for intensive therapy given comorbidities or frailty. Currently, azacitidine (AZA), either as monotherapy or in combination regimens, is the backbone treatment in this group of patients. AREAS COVERED We review the mechanism of action, pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and safety of AZA. It reviews current combination therapies of AZA with other targeted therapies for the treatment of newly diagnosed AML. EXPERT OPINION AZA is a cornerstone for the treatment of patients considered ineligible for intensive chemotherapy induction, but better results and therapies are required for these patients. AZA has shown synergistic properties when combined with other medications. Its safety profile and few drug interactions make it a suitable medication to use as backbone. Newer therapies are being combined with AZA, demonstrating safety and in cases, improved responses, and survival. AZA/venetoclax has emerged as the standard of care for patients who are ineligible for intensive chemotherapy. Doublet and triplet combinations are increasingly being studied. With the results observed in elderly patients, the intensive chemotherapy paradigm might be put to test in younger populations, with AZA combinations being at the forefront.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Raslan
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre - Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, University of Jeddah, College of Medicine, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alejandro Garcia-Horton
- Department of Oncology, Juravinski Cancer Centre - Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Zhu LX, Chen RR, Wang LL, Sun JN, Zhou D, Li L, Qian JJ, Zhang Y, Tong HY, Yu WJ, Meng HT, Mai WY, Xie WZ, Jin J, Ye XJ, Zhu HH. A real-world study of infectious complications of venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine in adult acute myeloid leukemia. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:7031-7038. [PMID: 35585204 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07126-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence, sites and main pathogens, and risk factors for infectious complications occurring in patients with adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during the first course of venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine. METHODS A retrospective cohort analysis was performed of 81 patients with AML older than 14 years who received the first cycle of venetoclax combined with a hypomethylating agent (HMA) between March 2018 and March 2021 at our institution. Infectious complications, if any, were documented. RESULTS Among a total of 81 cases of AML, 59 (72.8%) patients occurred infections, including fever without an identifiable source (28.8%), clinically documented infections (40.7%), and microbiologically documented infections (30.5%). The most commonly isolated organism in culture was Candida albicans, followed by Klebsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The 4-week and 8-week mortality rates were 3.7% and 7.4%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, a high proportion of blasts in bone marrow, decreased hemoglobin level, and fever with or without a documented infection at baseline were significant independent risk factors for infectious complications. CONCLUSION Compared with conventional chemotherapy, the incidence of infectious complications of venetoclax combined with decitabine or azacitidine significantly decreased. Pretreatment high leukemia burden and fever were independent risk factors for infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Xia Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Rong-Rong Chen
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lu-Lu Wang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jia-Nai Sun
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - De Zhou
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie-Jing Qian
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong-Yan Tong
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Juan Yu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hai-Tao Meng
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Mai
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wan-Zhuo Xie
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jie Jin
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiu-Jin Ye
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hong-Hu Zhu
- Department of Hematology, the First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 79# Qingchun Road, Hangzhou, 310003, Zhejiang, China. .,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Hematopoietic Malignancy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
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Pasca S, Chifotides HT, Verstovsek S, Bose P. Mutational landscape of blast phase myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN-BP) and antecedent MPN. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 366:83-124. [PMID: 35153007 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2021.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) have an inherent tendency to evolve to the blast phase (BP), characterized by ≥20% myeloblasts in the blood or bone marrow. MPN-BP portends a dismal prognosis and currently, effective treatment modalities are scarce, except for allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) in selected patients, particularly those who achieve complete/partial remission. The mutational landscape of MPN-BP differs from de novo acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in several key aspects, such as significantly lower frequencies of FLT3 and DNMT3A mutations, and higher incidence of IDH1/2 and TP53 in MPN-BP. Herein, we comprehensively review the impact of the three signaling driver mutations (JAK2 V617F, CALR exon 9 indels, MPL W515K/L) that constitutively activate the JAK/STAT pathway, and of the other somatic non-driver mutations (epigenetic, mRNA splicing, transcriptional regulators, and mutations in signal transduction genes) that cooperatively or independently promote MPN progression and leukemic transformation. The MPN subtype, harboring two or more high-molecular risk (HMR) mutations (epigenetic regulators and mRNA splicing factors) and "triple-negative" PMF are among the critical factors that increase risk of leukemic transformation and shorten survival. Primary myelofibrosis (PMF) is the most aggressive MPN; and polycythemia vera (PV) and essential thrombocythemia (ET) are relatively indolent subtypes. In PV and ET, mutations in splicing factor genes are associated with progression to myelofibrosis (MF), and in ET, TP53 mutations predict risk for leukemic transformation. The advent of targeted next-generation sequencing and improved prognostic scoring systems for PMF inform decisions regarding allo-HSCT. The emergence of treatments targeting mutant enzymes (e.g., IDH1/2 inhibitors) or epigenetic pathways (BET and LSD1 inhibitors) along with new insights into the mechanisms of leukemogenesis will hopefully lead the way to superior management strategies and outcomes of MPN-BP patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergiu Pasca
- Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Helen T Chifotides
- Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Srdan Verstovsek
- Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Prithviraj Bose
- Leukemia Department, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
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Hatırnaz Ng Ö, Eşkazan AE. Tackling TKI resistance in AML: A commentary on “Inhibition of BCL2A1 by STAT5 inactivation overcomes resistance to targeted therapies of FLT3-ITD/D835 mutant AML.” by Yamatani et al. Transl Oncol 2022; 19:101394. [PMID: 35294914 PMCID: PMC8924416 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2022.101394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Özden Hatırnaz Ng
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Emre Eşkazan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey.
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49
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Lachowiez CA, Atluri H, DiNardo CD. Advancing the standard: venetoclax combined with intensive induction and consolidation therapy for acute myeloid leukemia. Ther Adv Hematol 2022; 13:20406207221093964. [PMID: 35510212 PMCID: PMC9058453 DOI: 10.1177/20406207221093964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) inhibitor venetoclax (VEN) in combination with lower-intensity therapy is an efficacious treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). VEN in combination with the hypomethylating agent azacitidine improved rates of response and measurable residual disease (MRD)-negative remissions in addition to overall survival in the pivotal phase 3 VIALE-A trial compared with azacitidine monotherapy and has since emerged as the current standard of care in older or unfit patients with AML. In younger, fit patients with AML, intensive induction and consolidation chemotherapy (IC) is commonly employed as frontline therapy; however, relapse remains the principal cause of treatment failure in approximately 30-40% of patients. Improved IC regimens that increase MRD-negative response rates, result in durable remissions, and enable transition to curative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in appropriate patients remain an area of active inquiry. Preliminary results from trials investigating the combination of VEN with IC have reported promising findings to date, with composite complete remission and MRD-negative remission rates of approximately 89-94% and 82-93%, respectively, correlating with improved 12-month event-free and overall survival compared to historical outcomes with IC. Herein, we discuss ongoing trials investigating VEN in combination with IC in addition to outcomes within specific molecularly defined subgroups; review the molecular mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to VEN, and highlight future combinations of VEN with novel targeted therapies for the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Curtis A. Lachowiez
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Himachandana Atluri
- Division of Cancer Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Courtney D. DiNardo
- Department of Leukemia, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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50
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Interaction of Antifungal Drugs with CYP3A- and OATP1B-Mediated Venetoclax Elimination. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040694. [PMID: 35456528 PMCID: PMC9025810 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Venetoclax, a BCL-2 inhibitor used to treat certain hematological cancers, exhibits low oral bioavailability and high interpatient pharmacokinetic variability. Venetoclax is commonly administered with prophylactic antifungal drugs that may result in drug interactions, of which the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. We hypothesized that antifungal drugs may increase venetoclax exposure through inhibition of both CYP3A-mediated metabolism and OATP1B-mediated transport. Pharmacokinetic studies were performed in wild-type mice and mice genetically engineered to lack all CYP3A isoforms, or OATP1B2 that received venetoclax alone or in combination with ketoconazole or micafungin. In mice lacking all CYP3A isoforms, venetoclax AUC was increased by 1.8-fold, and pretreatment with the antifungal ketoconazole further increased venetoclax exposure by 1.6-fold, despite the absence of CYP3A. Ensuing experiments demonstrated that the deficiency of OATP1B-type transporters is also associated with increases in venetoclax exposure, and that many antifungal drugs, including micafungin, posaconazole, and isavuconazole, are inhibitors of this transport mechanism both in vitro and in vivo. These studies have identified OATP1B-mediated transport as a previously unrecognized contributor to the elimination of venetoclax that is sensitive to inhibition by various clinically-relevant antifungal drugs. Additional consideration is warranted when venetoclax is administered together with agents that inhibit both CYP3A-mediated metabolism and OATP1B-mediated transport.
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