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Ye C, Jiang S, Zeng T, He S, Cao J, Xiao J. The role of LOXL2 in tumor progression, immune response and cellular senescence: a comprehensive analysis. Discov Oncol 2024; 15:245. [PMID: 38922489 PMCID: PMC11208360 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-024-01107-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
LOXL2, an enzyme belonging to the LOX family, facilitates the cross-linking of extracellular matrix (ECM) elements. However, the roles of the LOXL2 gene in mechanisms of oncogenesis and tumor development have not been clearly defined. In this pan-cancer study, we examined the notable disparity in LOXL2 expression at the mRNA and protein levels among various cancer types and elucidated its interconnected roles in tumor progression, mutational profile, immune response, and cellular senescence. Apart from investigating the hyperexpression of LOXL2 being related to poorer prognosis in different types of tumors, this study also unveiled noteworthy connections between LOXL2 and genetic mutations, infiltration of tumor immune cells, and genes in immune checkpoint pathways. Further analysis revealed the participation of LOXL2 in multiple pathways related to cancer extracellular matrix remodeling and cellular senescence. Moreover, our investigation uncovered that the knockdown and inhibition of LOXL2 significantly attenuated the proliferation and migration of PC-9 and HCC-LM3 cells. The knock-down and inhibition of LOXL2 enhanced cellular senescence in lung and liver cancer cells, as confirmed by SA-β-Gal staining and quantitative RT-PCR analyses. This comprehensive analysis offers valuable insights on the functions of LOXL2 in different types of cancer and its role in regulating the senescence of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Ye
- School of Health Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China
- Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Sihan Jiang
- Graduate School, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Tanlun Zeng
- Graduate School, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Shaohui He
- Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jinjin Cao
- School of Health Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
- Clinical Cancer Institute, Center for Translational Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- School of Health Science and Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, 516 Jungong Road, Shanghai, 200093, China.
- Spinal Tumor Center, Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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Roth-Walter F, Adcock IM, Benito-Villalvilla C, Bianchini R, Bjermer L, Caramori G, Cari L, Chung KF, Diamant Z, Eguiluz-Gracia I, Knol EF, Jesenak M, Levi-Schaffer F, Nocentini G, O'Mahony L, Palomares O, Redegeld F, Sokolowska M, Van Esch BCAM, Stellato C. Metabolic pathways in immune senescence and inflammaging: Novel therapeutic strategy for chronic inflammatory lung diseases. An EAACI position paper from the Task Force for Immunopharmacology. Allergy 2024; 79:1089-1122. [PMID: 38108546 DOI: 10.1111/all.15977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells drives inflammaging and increases morbidity of chronic inflammatory lung diseases. Immune responses are built upon dynamic changes in cell metabolism that supply energy and substrates for cell proliferation, differentiation, and activation. Metabolic changes imposed by environmental stress and inflammation on immune cells and tissue microenvironment are thus chiefly involved in the pathophysiology of allergic and other immune-driven diseases. Altered cell metabolism is also a hallmark of cell senescence, a condition characterized by loss of proliferative activity in cells that remain metabolically active. Accelerated senescence can be triggered by acute or chronic stress and inflammatory responses. In contrast, replicative senescence occurs as part of the physiological aging process and has protective roles in cancer surveillance and wound healing. Importantly, cell senescence can also change or hamper response to diverse therapeutic treatments. Understanding the metabolic pathways of senescence in immune and structural cells is therefore critical to detect, prevent, or revert detrimental aspects of senescence-related immunopathology, by developing specific diagnostics and targeted therapies. In this paper, we review the main changes and metabolic alterations occurring in senescent immune cells (macrophages, B cells, T cells). Subsequently, we present the metabolic footprints described in translational studies in patients with chronic asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and review the ongoing preclinical studies and clinical trials of therapeutic approaches aiming at targeting metabolic pathways to antagonize pathological senescence. Because this is a recently emerging field in allergy and clinical immunology, a better understanding of the metabolic profile of the complex landscape of cell senescence is needed. The progress achieved so far is already providing opportunities for new therapies, as well as for strategies aimed at disease prevention and supporting healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Roth-Walter
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - I M Adcock
- Molecular Cell Biology Group, National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C Benito-Villalvilla
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - R Bianchini
- Comparative Medicine, The Interuniversity Messerli Research Institute of the University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University Vienna and University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - L Bjermer
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Lung and Allergy research, Allergy, Asthma and COPD Competence Center, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - G Caramori
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, Pneumologia, Italy
| | - L Cari
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - K F Chung
- Experimental Studies Medicine at National Heart & Lung Institute, Imperial College London & Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospital, London, UK
| | - Z Diamant
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Institute for Clinical Science, Skane University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and Thomayer Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacology, University Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen and QPS-NL, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - I Eguiluz-Gracia
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga-Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA)-ARADyAL, Málaga, Spain
| | - E F Knol
- Departments of Center of Translational Immunology and Dermatology/Allergology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Jesenak
- Department of Paediatrics, Department of Pulmonology and Phthisiology, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, University Teaching Hospital, Martin, Slovakia
| | - F Levi-Schaffer
- Institute for Drug Research, Pharmacology Unit, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - G Nocentini
- Department of Medicine, Section of Pharmacology, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - L O'Mahony
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Department of Medicine, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - O Palomares
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Chemistry, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - F Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - M Sokolowska
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne - Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - B C A M Van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - C Stellato
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy
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Wrench CL, Baker JR, Monkley S, Fenwick PS, Murray L, Donnelly LE, Barnes PJ. Small airway fibroblasts from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease exhibit cellular senescence. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L266-L279. [PMID: 38150543 PMCID: PMC11281792 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00419.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Small airway disease (SAD) is a key early-stage pathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). COPD is associated with cellular senescence whereby cells undergo growth arrest and express the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) leading to chronic inflammation and tissue remodeling. Parenchymal-derived fibroblasts have been shown to display senescent properties in COPD, however small airway fibroblasts (SAFs) have not been investigated. Therefore, this study investigated the role of these cells in COPD and their potential contribution to SAD. To investigate the senescent and fibrotic phenotype of SAF in COPD, SAFs were isolated from nonsmoker, smoker, and COPD lung resection tissue (n = 9-17 donors). Senescence and fibrotic marker expressions were determined using iCELLigence (proliferation), qPCR, Seahorse assay, and ELISAs. COPD SAFs were further enriched for senescent cells using FACSAria Fusion based on cell size and autofluorescence (10% largest/autofluorescent vs. 10% smallest/nonautofluorescent). The phenotype of the senescence-enriched population was investigated using RNA sequencing and pathway analysis. Markers of senescence were observed in COPD SAFs, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase, SASP release, and reduced proliferation. Because the pathways driving this phenotype were unclear, we used cell sorting to enrich senescent COPD SAFs. This population displayed increased p21CIP1 and p16INK4a expression and mitochondrial dysfunction. RNA sequencing suggested these senescent cells express genes involved in oxidative stress response, fibrosis, and mitochondrial dysfunction pathways. These data suggest COPD SAFs are senescent and may be associated with fibrotic properties and mitochondrial dysfunction. Further understanding of cellular senescence in SAFs may lead to potential therapies to limit SAD progression.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Fibroblasts and senescence are thought to play key roles in the pathogenesis of small airway disease and COPD; however, the characteristics of small airway-derived fibroblasts are not well explored. In this study we isolate and enrich the senescent small airway-derived fibroblast (SAF) population from COPD lungs and explore the pathways driving this phenotype using bulk RNA-seq.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine L Wrench
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan R Baker
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sue Monkley
- Translation Science and Experimental Medicine, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Peter S Fenwick
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lynne Murray
- Bioscience COPD/IPF, Research and Early Development, Respiratory & Immunology (R&I), Biopharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Louise E Donnelly
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Barnes
- Airway Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom
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Han Y, Wu Y, He B, Wu D, Hua J, Qian H, Zhang J. DNA nanoparticles targeting FOXO4 selectively eliminate cigarette smoke-induced senescent lung fibroblasts. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:5965-5973. [PMID: 37881696 PMCID: PMC10597553 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00547j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
The pathogenesis and development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are significantly related to cellular senescence. Strategies to eliminate senescent cells have been confirmed to benefit several senescence-related diseases. However, there are few reports of senolytic drugs in COPD management. In this study, we demonstrated elevated FOXO4 expression in cigarette smoke-induced senescent lung fibroblasts both in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, self-assembled DNA nanotubes loaded with single-stranded FOXO4 siRNA (siFOXO4-NT) were designed and synthesized to knockdown FOXO4 in senescent fibroblasts. We found that siFOXO4-NT can concentration- and time-dependently enter human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1 cells), thereby reducing FOXO4 levels in vitro. Most importantly, siFOXO4-NT selectively cleared senescent HFL-1 cells by reducing BCLXL expression and the BCL2/BAX ratio, which were increased in CSE-induced senescent HFL-1 cells. The findings from our work present a novel strategy for senolytic drug development for COPD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaopin Han
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Yixing Wu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Binfeng He
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China
- Department of General Practice, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Di Wu
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Jianlan Hua
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Hang Qian
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University Chongqing 400037 China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University Shanghai 200032 China
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Herath D, Even B, Oranger M, Foresti R, Papy D, Boyer L, Boczkowski J, Dagouassat M. Secreted phospholipase A2 XIIA triggers a mitochondrial damage-induced senescence in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease fibroblasts. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 205:129-140. [PMID: 37257701 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Lung fibroblast senescence is involved in the pathophysiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the mechanisms underlining this phenomenon are still poorly understood. Secreted phospholipases (sPLA2, a subclass of phospholipases) are secreted by senescent cells and can in turn induce senescence. However, their role in fibroblasts senescence in COPD is unknown. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to analyze the role of sPLA2 in pulmonary fibroblast senescence. METHODS Fibroblasts were isolated from patients with COPD and control subjects, and senescence markers and inflammatory profile was analyzed. sPLA2 levels were quantified in serum of COPD and controls. MAIN RESULTS In comparison with non-smokers and smoker controls, senescent lung COPD fibroblasts exhibited a higher mRNA and protein expression of the sPLA2 isoform XIIA and of syndecan 4 (one of its receptors). sPLA2 XIIA induced in turn senescence of non-senescent pulmonary fibroblasts via a pathway involving consecutively syndecan 4, activation of MAPK and p-serine 727 STAT-3, increased mitochondrial ROS production, and activation of AMPK/p53. This pathway was associated with a specific inflammatory secretome (IL-10, IL-12 and TNFα), globally suggesting occurrence of a mitochondrial damage-induced senescence. COPD fibroblasts were more susceptible to this sPLA2 XIIA effect than cells from controls subjects. sPLA2 XIIA levels were significantly higher in serum from COPD patients as compared to controls. CONCLUSION sPLA2 XIIA is involved in senescence in COPD and could be a potential target to dampen this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danushki Herath
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Creteil, France.
| | - Benjamin Even
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Creteil, France.
| | | | - Roberta Foresti
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Creteil, France.
| | | | - Laurent Boyer
- AP-HP, Hopital Henri Mondor, Service de Physiologie Explorations Fonctionnelles, F-94010, Creteil, France.
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, INSERM, IMRB, F-94010, Creteil, France; AP-HP, Hopital Henri Mondor, Antenne de Pneumologie, F-94010, Creteil, France.
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Altalhi W, Wu T, Wojtkiewicz GR, Jeffs S, Miki K, Ott HC. Intratracheally injected human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived pneumocytes and endothelial cells engraft in the distal lung and ameliorate emphysema in a rat model. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2023; 166:e23-e37. [PMID: 36933786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2023.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pulmonary emphysema is characterized by the destruction of alveolar units and reduced gas exchange capacity. In the present study, we aimed to deliver induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells and pneumocytes to repair and regenerate distal lung tissue in an elastase-induced emphysema model. METHODS We induced emphysema in athymic rats via intratracheal injection of elastase as previously reported. At 21 and 35 days after elastase treatment, we suspended 80 million induced pluripotent stem cell-derived endothelial cells and 20 million induced pluripotent stem cell-derived pneumocytes in hydrogel and injected the mixture intratracheally. On day 49 after elastase treatment, we performed imaging, functional analysis, and collected lungs for histology. RESULTS Using immunofluorescence detection of human-specific human leukocyte antigen 1, human-specific CD31, and anti--green fluorescent protein for the reporter labeled pneumocytes, we found that transplanted cells engrafted in 14.69% ± 0.95% of the host alveoli and fully integrated to form vascularized alveoli together with host cells. Transmission electron microscopy confirmed the incorporation of the transplanted human cells and the formation of a blood-air barrier. Human endothelial cells formed perfused vasculature. Computed tomography scans revealed improved vascular density and decelerated emphysema progression in cell-treated lungs. Proliferation of both human and rat cell was higher in cell-treated versus nontreated controls. Cell treatment reduced alveolar enlargement, improved dynamic compliance and residual volume, and improved diffusion capacity. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived distal lung cells can engraft in emphysematous lungs and participate in the formation of functional distal lung units to ameliorate the progression of emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Altalhi
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass; Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Taif University, Taif, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Sydney Jeffs
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Kenji Miki
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Harald C Ott
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass.
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Kim SH, Lee H, Kim Y, Rhee CK, Min KH, Hwang YI, Kim DK, Park YB, Yoo KH, Moon JY. Recent Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Rapidly Aging Society: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2019. J Korean Med Sci 2023; 38:e108. [PMID: 37038644 PMCID: PMC10086381 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases with age, and aging is an important risk factor for COPD development. In the era of global aging, demographic information about the prevalence of and factors associated with COPD are important to establish COPD care plans. However, limited information is available in rapidly aging societies, including Korea. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional observational study using Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data from 2015-2019. We included 15,613 participants and analyzed trends of and factors associated with COPD. RESULTS During the study period, the overall prevalence of COPD was 12.9%. Over five years, the yearly prevalence of COPD was fairly constant, ranging from 11.5% to 13.6%. Among individuals aged ≥ 70 years, nearly one-third met COPD diagnostic criteria. In the multivariable analysis, age 70 years or older was the most strong factor associated with COPD (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 17.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 14.16-22.52; compared with age 40-49), followed by asthma (aOR, 3.39; 95% CI, 2.44-4.71), male sex (aOR, 2.64; 95% CI, 2.18-3.19), and current smokers (aOR, 2.60; 95% CI, 2.08-3.25). Additionally, ex-smokers, low income, decreased forced expiratory volume in 1 second %pred, and a history of pulmonary tuberculosis were associated with COPD. On the other hand, body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg/m² (aOR, 0.62; 95% CI, 0.54-0.71; compared with BMI 18.5-24.9 kg/m²) had an inverse association with COPD. CONCLUSION Recent trends in the prevalence of COPD in South Korea are relatively stable. Approximately one-third of participants aged 70 years and older had COPD. Aging was the most important factor associated with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Hyuk Kim
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Dongguk University Gyeongju Hospital, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Lee
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Youlim Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyung Hoon Min
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Guro Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Il Hwang
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Korea
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Bum Park
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kwang Ha Yoo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji-Yong Moon
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergy, Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
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Park JJ, Oh K, Lee GW, Bang G, Park JH, Kim HB, Kim JY, Shin EY, Kim EG. Defining regorafenib as a senomorphic drug: therapeutic potential in the age-related lung disease emphysema. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:794-805. [PMID: 37009796 PMCID: PMC10167251 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-00966-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Senescence, a hallmark of aging, is a factor in age-related diseases (ARDs). Therefore, targeting senescence is widely regarded as a practicable method for modulating the effects of aging and ARDs. Here, we report the identification of regorafenib, an inhibitor of multiple receptor tyrosine kinases, as a senescence-attenuating drug. We identified regorafenib by screening an FDA-approved drug library. Treatment with regorafenib at a sublethal dose resulted in effective attenuation of the phenotypes of βPIX knockdown- and doxorubicin-induced senescence and replicative senescence in IMR-90 cells; cell cycle arrest, and increased SA-β-Gal staining and senescence-associated secretory phenotypes, particularly increasing the secretion of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and IL-8. Consistent with this result, slower progression of βPIX depletion-induced senescence was observed in the lungs of mice after treatment with regorafenib. Mechanistically, the results of proteomics analysis in diverse types of senescence indicated that growth differentiation factor 15 and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 are shared targets of regorafenib. Analysis of arrays for phospho-receptors and kinases identified several receptor tyrosine kinases, including platelet-derived growth factor receptor α and discoidin domain receptor 2, as additional targets of regorafenib and revealed AKT/mTOR, ERK/RSK, and JAK/STAT3 signaling as the major effector pathways. Finally, treatment with regorafenib resulted in attenuation of senescence and amelioration of porcine pancreatic elastase-induced emphysema in mice. Based on these results, regorafenib can be defined as a novel senomorphic drug, suggesting its therapeutic potential in pulmonary emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Jin Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Kwangseok Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Gun-Wu Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Geul Bang
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 28119, Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Park
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Han-Byeol Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Research Center for Bioconvergence Analysis, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, 28119, Korea
| | - Eun-Young Shin
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea.
| | - Eung-Gook Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, 28644, Korea.
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9
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Matsubayashi S, Ito S, Araya J, Kuwano K. Drugs against metabolic diseases as potential senotherapeutics for aging-related respiratory diseases. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1079626. [PMID: 37077349 PMCID: PMC10106576 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1079626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in aging research have provided novel insights for the development of senotherapy, which utilizes cellular senescence as a therapeutic target. Cellular senescence is involved in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases, including metabolic and respiratory diseases. Senotherapy is a potential therapeutic strategy for aging-related pathologies. Senotherapy can be classified into senolytics (induce cell death in senescent cells) and senomorphics (ameliorate the adverse effects of senescent cells represented by the senescence-associated secretory phenotype). Although the precise mechanism has not been elucidated, various drugs against metabolic diseases may function as senotherapeutics, which has piqued the interest of the scientific community. Cellular senescence is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), which are aging-related respiratory diseases. Large-scale observational studies have reported that several drugs, such as metformin and statins, may ameliorate the progression of COPD and IPF. Recent studies have reported that drugs against metabolic diseases may exert a pharmacological effect on aging-related respiratory diseases that can be different from their original effect on metabolic diseases. However, high non-physiological concentrations are needed to determine the efficacy of these drugs under experimental conditions. Inhalation therapy may increase the local concentration of drugs in the lungs without exerting systemic adverse effects. Thus, the clinical application of drugs against metabolic diseases, especially through an inhalation treatment modality, can be a novel therapeutic approach for aging-related respiratory diseases. This review summarizes and discusses accumulating evidence on the mechanisms of aging, as well as on cellular senescence and senotherapeutics, including drugs against metabolic diseases. We propose a developmental strategy for a senotherapeutic approach for aging-related respiratory diseases with a special focus on COPD and IPF.
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Aghali A, Khalfaoui L, Lagnado AB, Drake LY, Teske JJ, Pabelick CM, Passos JF, Prakash YS. Cellular senescence is increased in airway smooth muscle cells of elderly persons with asthma. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 323:L558-L568. [PMID: 36166734 PMCID: PMC9639764 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00146.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescent cells can drive age-related tissue dysfunction partially via a senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) involving proinflammatory and profibrotic factors. Cellular senescence has been associated with a structural and functional decline during normal lung aging and age-related diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Asthma in the elderly (AIE) represents a major healthcare burden. AIE is associated with bronchial airway hyperresponsiveness and remodeling, which involves increased cell proliferation and higher rates of fibrosis, and resistant to standard therapy. Airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells play a major role in asthma such as remodeling via modulation of inflammation and the extracellular matrix (ECM) environment. Whether senescent ASM cells accumulate in AIE and contribute to airway structural or functional changes is unknown. Lung tissues from elderly persons with asthma showed greater airway fibrosis compared with age-matched elderly persons with nonasthma and young age controls. Lung tissue or isolated ASM cells from elderly persons with asthma showed increased expression of multiple senescent markers including phospho-p53, p21, telomere-associated foci (TAF), as well as multiple SASP components. Senescence and SASP components were also increased with aging per se. These data highlight the presence of cellular senescence in AIE that may contribute to airway remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arbi Aghali
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Latifa Khalfaoui
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Anthony B. Lagnado
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Li Y. Drake
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Jacob J. Teske
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - João F. Passos
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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11
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New Trends in Aging Drug Discovery. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10082006. [PMID: 36009552 PMCID: PMC9405986 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10082006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is considered the main risk factor for many chronic diseases that frequently appear at advanced ages. However, the inevitability of this process is being questioned by recent research that suggests that senescent cells have specific features that differentiate them from younger cells and that removal of these cells ameliorates senescent phenotype and associated diseases. This opens the door to the design of tailored therapeutic interventions aimed at reducing and delaying the impact of senescence in life, that is, extending healthspan and treating aging as another chronic disease. Although these ideas are still far from reaching the bedside, it is conceivable that they will revolutionize the way we understand aging in the next decades. In this review, we analyze the main and well-validated cellular pathways and targets related to senescence as well as their implication in aging-associated diseases. In addition, the most relevant small molecules with senotherapeutic potential, with a special emphasis on their mechanism of action, ongoing clinical trials, and potential limitations, are discussed. Finally, a brief overview of alternative strategies that go beyond the small molecule field, together with our perspectives for the future of the field, is provided.
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Suki B, Bates JHT, Bartolák-Suki E. Remodeling of the Aged and Emphysematous Lungs: Roles of Microenvironmental Cues. Compr Physiol 2022; 12:3559-3574. [PMID: 35766835 DOI: 10.1002/cphy.c210033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a slow process that affects all organs, and the lung is no exception. At the alveolar level, aging increases the airspace size with thicker and stiffer septal walls and straighter and thickened collagen and elastic fibers. This creates a microenvironment that interferes with the ability of cells in the parenchyma to maintain normal homeostasis and respond to injury. These changes also make the lung more susceptible to disease such as emphysema. Emphysema is characterized by slow but progressive remodeling of the deep alveolar regions that leads to airspace enlargement and increased but disorganized elastin and collagen deposition. This remodeling has been attributed to ongoing inflammation that involves inflammatory cells and the cytokines they produce. Cellular senescence, another consequence of aging, weakens the ability of cells to properly respond to injury, something that also occurs in emphysema. These factors conspire to make alveolar walls more prone to mechanical failure, which can set emphysema in motion by driving inflammation through immune stimulation by protein fragments. Both aging and emphysema are influenced by microenvironmental conditions such as local inflammation, chemical makeup, tissue stiffness, and mechanical stresses. Although aging and emphysema are not equivalent, they have the potential to influence each other in synergistic ways; aging sets up the conditions for emphysema to develop, while emphysema may accelerate cellular senescence and thus aging itself. This article focuses on the similarities and differences between the remodeled microenvironment of the aging and emphysematous lung, with special emphasis on the alveolar septal wall. © 2022 American Physiological Society. Compr Physiol 12:3559-3574, 2022.
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Affiliation(s)
- Béla Suki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jason H T Bates
- Depatment of Medicine, University of Vermont Larner College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
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13
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Rivas M, Gupta G, Costanzo L, Ahmed H, Wyman AE, Geraghty P. Senescence: Pathogenic Driver in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2022; 58:817. [PMID: 35744080 PMCID: PMC9228143 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58060817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is recognized as a disease of accelerated lung aging. Over the past two decades, mounting evidence suggests an accumulation of senescent cells within the lungs of patients with COPD that contributes to dysregulated tissue repair and the secretion of multiple inflammatory proteins, termed the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Cellular senescence in COPD is linked to telomere dysfunction, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. This review gives an overview of the mechanistic contributions and pathologic consequences of cellular senescence in COPD and discusses potential therapeutic approaches targeting senescence-associated signaling in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa Rivas
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (M.R.); (L.C.); (H.A.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Gayatri Gupta
- Section of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA;
| | - Louis Costanzo
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (M.R.); (L.C.); (H.A.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Huma Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (M.R.); (L.C.); (H.A.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Anne E. Wyman
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (M.R.); (L.C.); (H.A.); (A.E.W.)
| | - Patrick Geraghty
- Department of Medicine, State University of New York Downstate Medical Centre, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA; (M.R.); (L.C.); (H.A.); (A.E.W.)
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14
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Ghosh AJ, Hobbs BD, Yun JH, Saferali A, Moll M, Xu Z, Chase RP, Morrow J, Ziniti J, Sciurba F, Barwick L, Limper AH, Flaherty K, Criner G, Brown KK, Wise R, Martinez FJ, McGoldrick D, Cho MH, DeMeo DL, Silverman EK, Castaldi PJ, Hersh CP. Lung tissue shows divergent gene expression between chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Respir Res 2022; 23:97. [PMID: 35449067 PMCID: PMC9026726 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-022-02013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) are characterized by shared exposures and clinical features, but distinct genetic and pathologic features exist. These features have not been well-studied using large-scale gene expression datasets. We hypothesized that there are divergent gene, pathway, and cellular signatures between COPD and IPF. METHODS We performed RNA-sequencing on lung tissues from individuals with IPF (n = 231) and COPD (n = 377) compared to control (n = 267), defined as individuals with normal spirometry. We grouped the overlapping differential expression gene sets based on direction of expression and examined the resultant sets for genes of interest, pathway enrichment, and cell composition. Using gene set variation analysis, we validated the overlap group gene sets in independent COPD and IPF data sets. RESULTS We found 5010 genes differentially expressed between COPD and control, and 11,454 genes differentially expressed between IPF and control (1% false discovery rate). 3846 genes overlapped between IPF and COPD. Several pathways were enriched for genes upregulated in COPD and downregulated in IPF; however, no pathways were enriched for genes downregulated in COPD and upregulated in IPF. There were many myeloid cell genes with increased expression in COPD but decreased in IPF. We found that the genes upregulated in COPD but downregulated in IPF were associated with lower lung function in the independent validation cohorts. CONCLUSIONS We identified a divergent gene expression signature between COPD and IPF, with increased expression in COPD and decreased in IPF. This signature is associated with worse lung function in both COPD and IPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auyon J. Ghosh
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Brian D. Hobbs
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Jeong H. Yun
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Aabida Saferali
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Matthew Moll
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA
| | - Zhonghui Xu
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Robert P. Chase
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Jarrett Morrow
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - John Ziniti
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA
| | - Frank Sciurba
- grid.21925.3d0000 0004 1936 9000Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA
| | - Lucas Barwick
- grid.280434.90000 0004 0459 5494The Emmes Company, Rockville, MD USA
| | - Andrew H. Limper
- grid.66875.3a0000 0004 0459 167XDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN USA
| | - Kevin Flaherty
- grid.214458.e0000000086837370Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Healthy System, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Gerard Criner
- grid.264727.20000 0001 2248 3398Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Kevin K. Brown
- grid.240341.00000 0004 0396 0728Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver, CO USA
| | - Robert Wise
- grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD USA
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- grid.5386.8000000041936877XDivision of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY USA
| | - Daniel McGoldrick
- grid.34477.330000000122986657Northwest Genomics Center, University of Washington, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Michael H. Cho
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Dawn L. DeMeo
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Edwin K. Silverman
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | - Peter J. Castaldi
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
| | | | - Craig P. Hersh
- grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115 USA ,grid.62560.370000 0004 0378 8294Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA USA ,grid.38142.3c000000041936754XHarvard Medical School, Boston, MA USA
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15
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Advances in microfluidics devices and its applications in personalized medicines. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 186:191-201. [PMID: 35033284 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidics is an exponentially growing area and is being used for numerous applications from basic science to advanced biotechnology and medicines. Microfluidics provides a platform to the research community for studying and building new strategies for the diagnosis and therapeutics applications. In the last decade, microfluidic have enriched the field of diagnostics by providing new solutions which was not possible with conventional detection and treatment methods. Microfluidics has the ability to precisely control and perform high-throughput functions. It has been proven as an efficient and rapid method for biological sample preparation, analysis and controlled drug delivery system. Microfluidics plays significant role in personalized medicine. These personalized medicines are used for medical decisions, practices and other interventions as well as for individual patients based on their predicted response or risk of disease. This chapter highlights microfluidics in developing personalized medical applications for its applications in diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, pulmonary disease and several others.
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16
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Tacheva T, Zienolddiny S, Dimov D, Vlaykova D, Vlaykova T. The leukocyte telomere length, single nucleotide polymorphisms near TERC gene and risk of COPD. PeerJ 2021; 9:e12190. [PMID: 34824901 PMCID: PMC8590800 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by irreversible airflow obstruction and is associated with chronic local and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. The enhanced oxidative stress and inflammation have been reported to affect telomere length (TL). Furthermore, a number of SNPs at loci encoding the main components of the telomerase genes, TERT and TERC have been shown to correlate with TL. We aimed to explore the leukocyte TL and genotypes for single nucleotide polymorphisms, rs12696304 (C > G) and rs10936599 (C > T) near TERC in COPD cases and matched healthy controls using q-PCR technologies. Successful assessment of TL was performed for 91 patients and 88 controls. The patients had shorter TL (17919.36 ± 1203.01 bp) compared to controls (21 271.48 ± 1891.36 bp) although not significant (p = 0.137). The TL did not associate with the gender, age, spirometric indexes, smoking habits but tended to correlate negatively with BMI (Rho = − 0.215, p = 0.076) in the controls, but not in COPD patients. The genotype frequencies of the SNPs rs12696304 and rs10936599 were compared between patients and controls and the odds ratios (OR) for developing COPD were calculated. The carriers of the common homozygous (CC) genotypes of the SNPs had higher risk for COPD, compared to carriers of the variants alleles (rs12696304 CG+GG vs. CC; OR: 0.615, 95% CI [0.424–0.894], p = 0.011 and for rs10936599 CT+TT vs. CC OR = 0.668, 95% CI [0.457–0.976], p = 0.044). Analysis on the combined effects of the TERCrs12696304 (C > G) and rs10936599 (C > T) genotypes, CC/CC genotype combination was associated with higher risk for COPD (p < 0.0001) and marginally lower FEV1% pr. in patients with GOLD II (p = 0.052). There was no association between the SNP genotypes and TL. In summary, our results suggest that COPD patients may have shorter TL, and rs12696304 and rs10936599 near TERC may affect the risk of COPD independently of TL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Tacheva
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Shanbeh Zienolddiny
- Section for Toxicology and Biological Work Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dimo Dimov
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Denitsa Vlaykova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Tatyana Vlaykova
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, Trakia University, Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.,Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University - Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Beghé B, Cerri S, Fabbri LM, Marchioni A. COPD, Pulmonary Fibrosis and ILAs in Aging Smokers: The Paradox of Striking Different Responses to the Major Risk Factors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179292. [PMID: 34502194 PMCID: PMC8430914 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging and smoking are associated with the progressive development of three main pulmonary diseases: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), interstitial lung abnormalities (ILAs), and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). All three manifest mainly after the age of 60 years, but with different natural histories and prevalence: COPD prevalence increases with age to >40%, ILA prevalence is 8%, and IPF, a rare disease, is 0.0005–0.002%. While COPD and ILAs may be associated with gradual progression and mortality, the natural history of IPF remains obscure, with a worse prognosis and life expectancy of 2–5 years from diagnosis. Acute exacerbations are significant events in both COPD and IPF, with a much worse prognosis in IPF. This perspective discusses the paradox of the striking pathological and pathophysiologic responses on the background of the same main risk factors, aging and smoking, suggesting two distinct pathophysiologic processes for COPD and ILAs on one side and IPF on the other side. Pathologically, COPD is characterized by small airways fibrosis and remodeling, with the destruction of the lung parenchyma. By contrast, IPF almost exclusively affects the lung parenchyma and interstitium. ILAs are a heterogenous group of diseases, a minority of which present with the alveolar and interstitial abnormalities of interstitial lung disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Beghé
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (S.C.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Stefania Cerri
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (S.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Leonardo M. Fabbri
- Department of Translational Medicine and Romagna, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Marchioni
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, University Hospital of Modena, 41124 Modena, Italy; (S.C.); (A.M.)
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18
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Merkt W, Zhou Y, Han H, Lagares D. Myofibroblast fate plasticity in tissue repair and fibrosis: Deactivation, apoptosis, senescence and reprogramming. Wound Repair Regen 2021; 29:678-691. [PMID: 34117675 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In response to tissue injury, fibroblasts differentiate into professional repair cells called myofibroblasts, which orchestrate many aspects of the normal tissue repair programme including synthesis, deposition and contraction of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to wound closure. Successful tissue repair responses involve termination of myofibroblast activities in order to prevent pathologic fibrotic scarring. Here, we discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms limiting myofibroblast activities during physiological tissue repair, including myofibroblast deactivation, apoptosis, reprogramming and immune clearance of senescent myofibroblasts. In addition, we summarize pathological mechanisms leading to myofibroblast persistence and survival, a hallmark of fibrotic diseases. Finally, we discuss emerging anti-fibrotic therapies aimed at targeting myofibroblast fate such as senolytics, gene therapy, cellular immunotherapy and CAR-T cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Merkt
- Fibrosis Research Center, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, Internal Medicine V, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yan Zhou
- Fibrosis Research Center, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Physiology, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongwei Han
- Fibrosis Research Center, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Lagares
- Fibrosis Research Center, Center for Immunology and Inflammatory Diseases, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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19
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Li BS, Zhu RZ, Lim SH, Seo JH, Choi BM. Apigenin Alleviates Oxidative Stress-Induced Cellular Senescence via Modulation of the SIRT1-NAD[Formula: see text]-CD38 Axis. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2021; 49:1235-1250. [PMID: 34049472 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x21500592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress-induced cellular senescence is now regarded as an important driving mechanism in chronic lung diseases-particularly chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). 4[Formula: see text],5,7-trihydroxyflavone (Apigenin) is a natural flavonoid product abundantly present in fruits, vegetables, and Chinese medicinal herbs. It has been known that apigenin has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and liver-protecting effects. The efficacy of apigenin for lung aging, however, has not been reported. In this study, we selected the hydrogen peroxide (H2O[Formula: see text]- or doxorubicin (DOXO)-induced senescence model in WI-38 human embryonic lung fibroblast cells to determine the potential anti-aging effects of apigenin in vitro and associated molecular mechanisms. We found that apigenin reduced senescence-associated [Formula: see text]-galactosidase (SA-[Formula: see text]-gal) activity and promoted cell growth, concomitant with a decrease in levels of Acetyl (ac)-p53, p21[Formula: see text], and p16[Formula: see text] and an increase in phospho (p)-Rb. Apigenin also increased the activation ratio of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1), nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD[Formula: see text], and NAD[Formula: see text]/NADH and inhibited cluster of differentiation 38 (CD38) activity in a concentration-dependent manner. SIRT1 inhibition by SIRT1 siRNA abolished the anti-aging effect of apigenin. In addition, CD38 inhibition by CD38 siRNA or apigenin increased the SIRT1 level and reduced H2O2-induced senescence. Our findings suggest that apigenin is a promising phytochemical for reducing the impact of senescent cells in age-related lung diseases such as COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Si Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Ri Zhe Zhu
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok-Hee Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Ho Seo
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Min Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksandaero, Iksan, Jeonbuk 54538, Republic of Korea
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20
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Basil MC, Katzen J, Engler AE, Guo M, Herriges MJ, Kathiriya JJ, Windmueller R, Ysasi AB, Zacharias WJ, Chapman HA, Kotton DN, Rock JR, Snoeck HW, Vunjak-Novakovic G, Whitsett JA, Morrisey EE. The Cellular and Physiological Basis for Lung Repair and Regeneration: Past, Present, and Future. Cell Stem Cell 2021; 26:482-502. [PMID: 32243808 PMCID: PMC7128675 DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2020.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 70.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory system, which includes the trachea, airways, and distal alveoli, is a complex multi-cellular organ that intimately links with the cardiovascular system to accomplish gas exchange. In this review and as members of the NIH/NHLBI-supported Progenitor Cell Translational Consortium, we discuss key aspects of lung repair and regeneration. We focus on the cellular compositions within functional niches, cell-cell signaling in homeostatic health, the responses to injury, and new methods to study lung repair and regeneration. We also provide future directions for an improved understanding of the cell biology of the respiratory system, as well as new therapeutic avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria C Basil
- Department of Medicine, Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeremy Katzen
- Department of Medicine, Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anna E Engler
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Minzhe Guo
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Michael J Herriges
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jaymin J Kathiriya
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Rebecca Windmueller
- Department of Medicine, Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Alexandra B Ysasi
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - William J Zacharias
- Division of Pulmonary Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Hal A Chapman
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
| | - Darrell N Kotton
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Jason R Rock
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Hans-Willem Snoeck
- Center for Human Development, Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Gordana Vunjak-Novakovic
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Center for Regenerative Medicine of Boston University and Boston Medical Center, The Pulmonary Center and Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Edward E Morrisey
- Department of Medicine, Penn-CHOP Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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21
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Liu G, Philp AM, Corte T, Travis MA, Schilter H, Hansbro NG, Burns CJ, Eapen MS, Sohal SS, Burgess JK, Hansbro PM. Therapeutic targets in lung tissue remodelling and fibrosis. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 225:107839. [PMID: 33774068 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Structural changes involving tissue remodelling and fibrosis are major features of many pulmonary diseases, including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Abnormal deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins is a key factor in the development of tissue remodelling that results in symptoms and impaired lung function in these diseases. Tissue remodelling in the lungs is complex and differs between compartments. Some pathways are common but tissue remodelling around the airways and in the parenchyma have different morphologies. Hence it is critical to evaluate both common fibrotic pathways and those that are specific to different compartments; thereby expanding the understanding of the pathogenesis of fibrosis and remodelling in the airways and parenchyma in asthma, COPD and IPF with a view to developing therapeutic strategies for each. Here we review the current understanding of remodelling features and underlying mechanisms in these major respiratory diseases. The differences and similarities of remodelling are used to highlight potential common therapeutic targets and strategies. One central pathway in remodelling processes involves transforming growth factor (TGF)-β induced fibroblast activation and myofibroblast differentiation that increases ECM production. The current treatments and clinical trials targeting remodelling are described, as well as potential future directions. These endeavours are indicative of the renewed effort and optimism for drug discovery targeting tissue remodelling and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Liu
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ashleigh M Philp
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; St Vincent's Medical School, UNSW Medicine, UNSW, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tamera Corte
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark A Travis
- The Lydia Becker Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre and Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Heidi Schilter
- Pharmaxis Ltd, 20 Rodborough Road, Frenchs Forest, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Chris J Burns
- Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Mathew S Eapen
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Sukhwinder S Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, TAS, Australia
| | - Janette K Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Discipline of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip M Hansbro
- Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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22
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Ushakumary MG, Riccetti M, Perl AKT. Resident interstitial lung fibroblasts and their role in alveolar stem cell niche development, homeostasis, injury, and regeneration. Stem Cells Transl Med 2021; 10:1021-1032. [PMID: 33624948 PMCID: PMC8235143 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.20-0526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing, regenerating, and repairing a lung all require interstitial resident fibroblasts (iReFs) to direct the behavior of the epithelial stem cell niche. During lung development, distal lung fibroblasts, in the form of matrix-, myo-, and lipofibroblasts, form the extra cellular matrix (ECM), create tensile strength, and support distal epithelial differentiation, respectively. During de novo septation in a murine pneumonectomy lung regeneration model, developmental processes are reactivated within the iReFs, indicating progenitor function well into adulthood. In contrast to the regenerative activation of fibroblasts upon acute injury, chronic injury results in fibrotic activation. In murine lung fibrosis models, fibroblasts can pathologically differentiate into lineages beyond their normal commitment during homeostasis. In lung injury, recently defined alveolar niche cells support the expansion of alveolar epithelial progenitors to regenerate the epithelium. In human fibrotic lung diseases like bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dynamic changes in matrix-, myo-, lipofibroblasts, and alveolar niche cells suggest differential requirements for injury pathogenesis and repair. In this review, we summarize the role of alveolar fibroblasts and their activation stage in alveolar septation and regeneration and incorporate them into the context of human lung disease, discussing fibroblast activation stages and how they contribute to BPD, IPF, and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mereena George Ushakumary
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew Riccetti
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Anne-Karina T Perl
- The Perinatal Institute and Section of Neonatology, Perinatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Molecular and Developmental Biology Graduate Program, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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23
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Abstract
Cellular senescence is a feature of most somatic cells. It is characterized by an irreversible cell cycle arrest and by the ability to secrete a plethora of mediators of inflammation and growth factors, which can alter the senescent cell's microenvironment. Senescent cells accumulate in tissues over time and contribute to both aging and the development of age-associated diseases. Senescent cells have antagonistic pleiotropic roles in cancer. Given the inability of senescent cells to proliferate, cellular senescence is a powerful tumor suppressor mechanism in young individuals. However, accumulation of senescent stromal cells during aging can fuel cancer cell growth in virtue of their capacity to release factors that stimulate cell proliferation. Caveolin-1 is a structural protein component of caveolae, invaginations of the plasma membrane involved in a variety of cellular processes, including signal transduction. Mounting evidence over the last 10-15 years has demonstrated a central role of caveolin-1 in the development of a senescent phenotype and the regulation of both the anti-tumorigenic and pro-tumorigenic properties of cellular senescence. In this review, we discuss the cellular mechanisms and functions of caveolin-1 in the context of cellular senescence and their relevance to the biology of cancer.
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24
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Kelley WJ, Zemans RL, Goldstein DR. Cellular senescence: friend or foe to respiratory viral infections? Eur Respir J 2020; 56:2002708. [PMID: 33033152 PMCID: PMC7758538 DOI: 10.1183/13993003.02708-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence permanently arrests the replication of various cell types and contributes to age-associated diseases. In particular, cellular senescence may enhance chronic lung diseases including COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. However, the role cellular senescence plays in the pathophysiology of acute inflammatory diseases, especially viral infections, is less well understood. There is evidence that cellular senescence prevents viral replication by increasing antiviral cytokines, but other evidence shows that senescence may enhance viral replication by downregulating antiviral signalling. Furthermore, cellular senescence leads to the secretion of inflammatory mediators, which may either promote host defence or exacerbate immune pathology during viral infections. In this Perspective article, we summarise how senescence contributes to physiology and disease, the role of senescence in chronic lung diseases, and how senescence impacts acute respiratory viral infections. Finally, we develop a potential framework for how senescence may contribute, both positively and negatively, to the pathophysiology of viral respiratory infections, including severe acute respiratory syndrome due to the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Kelley
- Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
| | - Rachel L Zemans
- Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Daniel R Goldstein
- Dept of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Program in Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI USA
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25
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Borghesan M, Hoogaars WMH, Varela-Eirin M, Talma N, Demaria M. A Senescence-Centric View of Aging: Implications for Longevity and Disease. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:777-791. [PMID: 32800659 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a state of stable cell cycle arrest associated with macromolecular alterations and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and molecules. From their initial discovery in the 1960s, senescent cells have been hypothesized as potential contributors to the age-associated loss of regenerative potential. Here, we discuss recent evidence that implicates cellular senescence as a central regulatory mechanism of the aging process. We provide a comprehensive overview of age-associated pathologies in which cellular senescence has been implicated. We describe mechanisms by which senescent cells drive aging and diseases, and we discuss updates on exploiting these mechanisms as therapeutic targets. Finally, we critically analyze the use of senotherapeutics and their translation to the clinic, highlighting limitations and suggesting ideas for future applications and developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Borghesan
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA);, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9715RA, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - W M H Hoogaars
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA);, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9715RA, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Varela-Eirin
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA);, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9715RA, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N Talma
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA);, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9715RA, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - M Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA);, University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9715RA, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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26
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Lucas A, Yasa J, Lucas M. Regeneration and repair in the healing lung. Clin Transl Immunology 2020; 9:e1152. [PMID: 32665845 PMCID: PMC7338595 DOI: 10.1002/cti2.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The lung achieves an efficient gas exchange between a complex non‐sterile atmosphere and the body via a delicate and extensive epithelial surface, with high efficiency because of elastic deformation allowing for an increase and decrease in volume during the process of breathing and because of an extensive vasculature which aids rapid gas diffusion. The lungs’ large surface area exposes the organ to a continual risk of damage from pathogens, toxins or irritants; however, lung damage can be rapidly healed via regenerative processes that restore its structure and function. In response to sustained and extensive damage, the lung is healed via a non‐regenerative process resulting in scar tissue which locally stiffens its structure, which over time leads to a serious loss of lung function and to increasing morbidities. This review discusses what is known about the factors which influence whether a lung is healed by regeneration or repair and what potential new therapeutic approaches may positively influence lung healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Lucas
- School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia (UWA) Perth WA Australia
| | - Joe Yasa
- Centre for Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia (UWA) Perth WA Australia
| | - Michaela Lucas
- School of Biomedical Sciences The University of Western Australia (UWA) Perth WA Australia.,School of Medicine and Pharmacology The University of Western Australia (UWA) Perth WA Australia
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27
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Korfei M, MacKenzie B, Meiners S. The ageing lung under stress. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/200126. [DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0126-2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Healthy ageing of the lung involves structural changes but also numerous cell-intrinsic and cell-extrinsic alterations. Among them are the age-related decline in central cellular quality control mechanisms such as redox and protein homeostasis. In this review, we would like to provide a conceptual framework of how impaired stress responses in the ageing lung, as exemplified by dysfunctional redox and protein homeostasis, may contribute to onset and progression of COPD and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). We propose that age-related imbalanced redox and protein homeostasis acts, amongst others (e.g.cellular senescence), as a “first hit” that challenges the adaptive stress-response pathways of the cell, increases the level of oxidative stress and renders the lung susceptible to subsequent injury and disease. In both COPD and IPF, additional environmental insults such as smoking, air pollution and/or infections then serve as “second hits” which contribute to persistently elevated oxidative stress that overwhelms the already weakened adaptive defence and repair pathways in the elderly towards non-adaptive, irremediable stress thereby promoting development and progression of respiratory diseases. COPD and IPF are thus distinct horns of the same devil, “lung ageing”.
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28
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Woldhuis RR, de Vries M, Timens W, van den Berge M, Demaria M, Oliver BGG, Heijink IH, Brandsma CA. Link between increased cellular senescence and extracellular matrix changes in COPD. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2020; 319:L48-L60. [PMID: 32460521 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00028.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is associated with features of accelerated aging, including cellular senescence, DNA damage, oxidative stress, and extracellular matrix (ECM) changes. We propose that these features are particularly apparent in patients with severe, early-onset (SEO)-COPD. Whether fibroblasts from COPD patients display features of accelerated aging and whether this is also present in relatively young SEO-COPD patients is unknown. Therefore, we aimed to determine markers of aging in (SEO)-COPD-derived lung fibroblasts and investigate the impact on ECM. Aging hallmarks and ECM markers were analyzed in lung fibroblasts from SEO-COPD and older COPD patients and compared with fibroblasts from matched non-COPD groups (n = 9-11 per group), both at normal culture conditions and upon Paraquat-induced senescence. COPD-related differences in senescence and ECM expression were validated in lung tissue. Higher levels of cellular senescence, including senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-gal)-positive cells (19% for COPD vs. 13% for control) and p16 expression, DNA damage (γ-H2A.X-positive nuclei), and oxidative stress (MGST1) were detected in COPD compared with control-derived fibroblasts. Most effects were also different in SEO-COPD, with SA-β-gal-positive cells only being significant in SEO-COPD vs. matched controls. Lower decorin expression in COPD-derived fibroblasts correlated with higher p16 expression, and this association was confirmed in lung tissue. Paraquat treatment induced cellular senescence along with clear changes in ECM expression, including decorin. Fibroblasts from COPD patients, including SEO-COPD, display higher levels of cellular senescence, DNA damage, and oxidative stress. The association between cellular senescence and ECM expression changes may suggest a link between accelerated aging and ECM dysregulation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy R Woldhuis
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Maaike de Vries
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Timens
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten van den Berge
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Demaria
- European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Brian G G Oliver
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Irene H Heijink
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), University of Groningen, University Medical Centre Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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29
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Kulshrestha R, Singh H, Pandey A, Soundarya D, Jaggi AS, Ravi K. Differential expression of caveolin-1 during pathogenesis of combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema: Effect of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165802. [PMID: 32311453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) is a relatively new entity within the spectrum of cigarette smoke induced lung disorders. Currently there is no consensus about its treatment. We hypothesized that caveolin-1 critically determines the parenchymal and vascular remodeling leading to the development of CPFE. We assessed the effect of therapeutic targeting of caveolin-1 in mesenchymal and endothelial cells by the phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor, sildenafil. METHODS Male Wistar rats (n = 168) were exposed to; room air (control); bleomycin (7 U/kg), bleomycin+sildenafil (50 mg/kg/day P.O.), cigarette smoke (CS) (4 Gold Flake 69 mm/day), CS + sildenafil, CS + bleomycin, CS + bleomycin+sildenafil. Animals were euthanized at 8, 9, 11, 12 weeks and lung histopathological changes, collagen deposition, ROS, Xanthine oxidase, caveolin-1 determined. RESULTS Cigarette smoke causes progressive ROS accumulation, caveolin-1 up-regulation in alveolar epithelial cells, alveolar macrophages, peribronchiolar fibroblasts, endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, interstitial inflammation and emphysema. Sildenafil reduces oxidative stress, parenchymal caveolin-1 and attenuates emphysema caused by CS. Bleomycin increases lung ROS and downregulates caveolin-1 leading to fibroblast proliferation and fibrosis. Combined cigarette smoke and bleomycin exposure, results in differential caveolin-1 expression and heterogeneous parenchymal remodeling with alternating areas of emphysema and fibrosis. Increased caveolin-1 induces premature senescence of lung fibroblasts and emphysema. Decreased caveolin-1 is associated with propagation of EMT and fibrosis. Sildenafil attenuates the parenchymal remodeling however it is not effective in reducing VSMC hypertrophy in combined group. CONCLUSION CPFE is characterized by heterogenous parenchymal remodeling and differential caveolin-1 expression. Sildenafil therapy attenuates parenchymal pathologies in CPFE. Additional therapy is however needed for attenuating VSMC remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kulshrestha
- Department of Pathology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India.
| | - H Singh
- Department of Pathology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - A Pandey
- Department of Pathology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - D Soundarya
- Department of Pathology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - A S Jaggi
- Dept of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Research, Punjabi University, Patiala, India
| | - K Ravi
- Department of Physiology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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30
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Baskara I, Kerbrat S, Dagouassat M, Nguyen HQ, Guillot-Delost M, Surenaud M, Baillou C, Lemoine FM, Morin D, Boczkowski J, Le Gouvello S. Cigarette smoking induces human CCR6 +Th17 lymphocytes senescence and VEGF-A secretion. Sci Rep 2020; 10:6488. [PMID: 32300208 PMCID: PMC7162978 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-63613-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental pollutants is often associated with systemic inflammation. As such, cigarette smoking contributes to inflammation and lung diseases by inducing senescence of pulmonary cells such as pneumocytes, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Yet, how smoking worsens evolution of chronic inflammatory disorders associated with Th17 lymphocytes, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn’s disease, and multiple sclerosis, is largely unknown. Results from human studies show an increase in inflammatory CD4+ Th17 lymphocytes at blood- and pulmonary level in smokers. The aim of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity of CD4+ Th17 lymphocytes to cigarette smoke-induced senescence. Mucosa-homing CCR6+ Th17- were compared to CCR6neg -and regulatory T peripheral lymphocytes after exposure to cigarette smoke extract (CSE). Senescence sensitivity of CSE-exposed cells was assessed by determination of various senescence biomarkers (β-galactosidase activity, p16Ink4a- and p21 expression) and cytokines production. CCR6+ Th17 cells showed a higher sensitivity to CSE-induced senescence compared to controls, which is associated to oxidative stress and higher VEGFα secretion. Pharmacological targeting of ROS- and ERK1/2 signalling pathways prevented CSE-induced senescence of CCR6+Th17 lymphocytes as well as VEGFα secretion. Altogether, these results identify mechanisms by which pro-oxidant environmental pollutants contribute to pro-angiogenic and pathogenic CCR6+Th17 cells, therefore potential targets for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indoumady Baskara
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 4, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Stéphane Kerbrat
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 4, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Maylis Dagouassat
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 4, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Hoang Quy Nguyen
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 7, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Maude Guillot-Delost
- Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Paris, France.,Inserm, UMR 932, F-75005, Paris, France
| | | | - Claude Baillou
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ-Paris 06, CIMI-Paris- INSERM UMR U 1135, Paris, France
| | - François M Lemoine
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Univ-Paris 06, CIMI-Paris- INSERM UMR U 1135, Paris, France
| | - Didier Morin
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 3, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Jorge Boczkowski
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France.,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 4, Créteil, F-94010, France
| | - Sabine Le Gouvello
- Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 94000, France. .,Inserm, UMR 955, équipe 4, Créteil, F-94010, France. .,AP-HP, Hôpital H. Mondor- A. Chenevier, Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie, Créteil, 94000, France.
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31
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Hamsanathan S, Alder JK, Sellares J, Rojas M, Gurkar AU, Mora AL. Cellular Senescence: The Trojan Horse in Chronic Lung Diseases. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 61:21-30. [PMID: 30965013 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2018-0410tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a cell fate decision characterized by irreversible arrest of proliferation accompanied by a senescence-associated secretory phenotype. Traditionally, cellular senescence has been recognized as a beneficial physiological mechanism during development and wound healing and in tumor suppression. However, in recent years, evidence of negative consequences of cellular senescence has emerged, illuminating its role in several chronic pathologies. In this context, senescent cells persist or accumulate and have detrimental consequences. In this review, we discuss the possibility that in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, persistent senescence impairs wound healing in the lung caused by secretion of proinflammatory senescence-associated secretory phenotype factors and exhaustion of progenitor cells. In contrast, in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic senescence in alveolar epithelial cells exacerbates the accumulation of senescent fibroblasts together with production of extracellular matrix. We review how cellular senescence may contribute to lung disease pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan K Alder
- 2 Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,3 Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases
| | - Jacobo Sellares
- 4 Interstitial Lung Disease Program, Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,5 Centro de Investigaciones Biomedicas en Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes CB06/06/0028), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain; and
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- 2 Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,3 Dorothy P. and Richard P. Simmons Center for Interstitial Lung Diseases.,6 McGowan Institute of Regenerative Medicine, and
| | - Aditi U Gurkar
- 1 Aging Institute.,7 Division of Geriatric Medicine, Department of Medicine.,8 Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Ana L Mora
- 1 Aging Institute.,2 Division of Pulmonary Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, and.,9 Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Abstract
Introduction: Neutrophils are the most abundant inflammatory cells in the lungs of patients with chronic lung diseases, especially COPD, yet despite this, patients often experience repeated chest infections. Neutrophil function may be altered in disease, but the reasons are unclear. In chronic disease, sequential pro-inflammatory and pro-repair responses appear distorted. As understanding of neutrophil heterogeneity has expanded, it is suggested that different neutrophil phenotypes may impact on health and disease. Areas covered: In this review, the definition of cellular phenotype, the implication of neutrophil surface markers and functions in chronic lung disease and the complex influences of external, local and genetic factors on these changes are discussed. Literature was accessed up to the 19 July 2019 using: PubMed, US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health and the National Centre for Biotechnology Information. Expert opinion: As more is learned about neutrophils, the further we step from the classical view of neutrophils being unrefined killing machines to highly complex and finely tuned cells. Future therapeutics may aim to normalize neutrophil function, but to achieve this, knowledge of phenotypes in humans and how these relate to observed pathology and disease processes is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Hughes
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
| | - Robert Stockley
- Birmingham Acute Care Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham , Birmingham , UK
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Kim S, Shan P, Hwangbo C, Zhang Y, Min J, Zhang X, Ardito T, Li A, Peng T, Sauler M, Lee PJ. Endothelial toll-like receptor 4 maintains lung integrity via epigenetic suppression of p16 INK4a. Aging Cell 2019; 18:e12914. [PMID: 30790400 PMCID: PMC6516428 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that the canonical innate immune receptor toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is critical in maintaining lung integrity. However, the molecular mechanisms via which TLR4 mediates its effect remained unclear. In the present study, we identified distinct contributions of lung endothelial cells (Ec) and epithelial cells TLR4 to pulmonary homeostasis using genetic-specific, lung- and cell-targeted in vivo methods. Emphysema was significantly prevented via the reconstituting of human TLR4 expression in the lung Ec of TLR4-/- mice. Lung Ec-silencing of TLR4 in wild-type mice induced emphysema, highlighting the specific and distinct role of Ec-expressed TLR4 in maintaining lung integrity. We also identified a previously unrecognized role of TLR4 in preventing expression of p16INK4a , a senescence-associated gene. Lung Ec-p16INK4a -silencing prevented TLR4-/- induced emphysema, revealing a new functional role for p16INK4a in lungs. TLR4 suppressed endogenous p16INK4a expression via HDAC2-mediated deacetylation of histone H4. These findings suggest a novel role for TLR4 in maintaining of lung homeostasis via epigenetic regulation of senescence-related gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- So‐Jin Kim
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Peiying Shan
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Cheol Hwangbo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21 Plus), PMBBRC, Division of Life Science, College of National SciencesGyeongsang National UniversityJinjuKorea
| | - Yi Zhang
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Jin‐Na Min
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Xuchen Zhang
- Department of PathologyYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Taylor Ardito
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Alfred Li
- Bone Imaging Research CoreUniversity of California, San Francisco (UCSF)San FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Tien Peng
- Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research InstituteUCSFSan FranciscoCalifornia
| | - Maor Sauler
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
| | - Patty J. Lee
- Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Internal MedicineYale University School of MedicineNew HavenConnecticut
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Parikh P, Wicher S, Khandalavala K, Pabelick CM, Britt RD, Prakash YS. Cellular senescence in the lung across the age spectrum. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2019; 316:L826-L842. [PMID: 30785345 PMCID: PMC6589594 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00424.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence results in cell cycle arrest with secretion of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and remodeling proteins (senescence-associated secretory phenotype; SASP) that have autocrine and paracrine effects on the tissue microenvironment. SASP can promote remodeling, inflammation, infectious susceptibility, angiogenesis, and proliferation, while hindering tissue repair and regeneration. While the role of senescence and the contributions of senescent cells are increasingly recognized in the context of aging and a variety of disease states, relatively less is known regarding the portfolio and influences of senescent cells in normal lung growth and aging per se or in the induction or progression of lung diseases across the age spectrum such as bronchopulmonary dysplasia, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or pulmonary fibrosis. In this review, we introduce concepts of cellular senescence, the mechanisms involved in the induction of senescence, and the SASP portfolio that are relevant to lung cells, presenting the potential contribution of senescent cells and SASP to inflammation, hypercontractility, and remodeling/fibrosis: aspects critical to a range of lung diseases. The potential to blunt lung disease by targeting senescent cells using a novel class of drugs (senolytics) is discussed. Potential areas for future research on cellular senescence in the lung are identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavan Parikh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Sarah Wicher
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Karl Khandalavala
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Christina M. Pabelick
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
| | - Rodney D. Britt
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Y. S. Prakash
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota
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Guo X, Gu X, Hareshwaree S, Rong X, Li L, Chu M. Induced pluripotent stem cell-conditional medium inhibits H9C2 cardiomyocytes apoptosis via autophagy flux and Wnt/β-catenin pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:4358-4374. [PMID: 30957422 PMCID: PMC6533467 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cell‐derived conditioned medium (iPS‐CM) could improve cell viability in many types of cells and may be a better alternative for the treatment of myocardial infarction. This study aimed to examine the influence of iPS‐CM on anti‐apoptosis and the proliferation of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and investigate the underlying mechanisms. H9C2 cardiomyocytes were exposed to 200 μmol/L hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) for 24 hours with or without pre‐treatment with iPS‐CM. The ratio of apoptotic cells, the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (△Ψm) and the levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species were analysed by flow cytometric analysis. The expression levels of BCL‐2 and BAX proteins were analysed by Western blot. Cell proliferation was assessed using cell cycle and EdU staining assays. To study cell senescence, senescence‐associated β‐galactosidase (SA‐β‐gal) staining was conducted. The levels of malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase and glutathione were also quantified using commercially available enzymatic kits. The results showed that iPS‐CM containing basic fibroblast growth factor significantly reduced H2O2‐induced H9C2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis by activating the autophagy flux pathway, promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation by up‐regulating the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway and inhibited oxidative stress and cell senescence. In conclusion, iPS‐CM effectively enhanced the cell viability of H9C2 cardiomyocytes and could potentially be used to inhibit cardiomyocytes apoptosis to treat myocardial infarction in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Guo
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Gu
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Sohun Hareshwaree
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xing Rong
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Lei Li
- Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Maoping Chu
- Center of Scientific Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Development and Translational Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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36
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Sato S, Nakamura M, Shimizu Y, Goto T, Koike T, Ishikawa H, Tsuchida M. The impact of emphysema on surgical outcomes of early-stage lung cancer: a retrospective study. BMC Pulm Med 2019; 19:73. [PMID: 30947705 PMCID: PMC6449985 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-019-0839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of emphysema on computed tomography (CT) is associated with an increased frequency of lung cancer, but the postoperative outcomes of patients with pulmonary emphysema are not well known. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between the extent of emphysema and long-term outcomes, as well as mortality and postoperative complications, in early-stage lung cancer patients after pulmonary resection. METHODS The clinical records of 566 consecutive lung cancer patients who underwent pulmonary resection in our department were retrospectively reviewed. Among these, the data sets of 364 pathological stage I patients were available. The associations between the extent of lung emphysema and long-term outcomes and postoperative complications were investigated. Emphysema was assessed on the basis of semiquantitative CT. Surgery-related complications of Grade ≥ II according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were included in this study. RESULTS Emphysema was present in 63 patients. The overall survival and relapse-free survival of the non-emphysema and emphysema groups at 5 years were 89.0 and 61.3% (P < 0.001), respectively, and 81.0 and 51.7%, respectively (P < 0.001). On multivariate analysis, significant prognostic factors were emphysema, higher smoking index, and higher histologic grade (p < 0.05). Significant risk factors for poor recurrence-free survival were emphysema, higher smoking index, higher histologic grade, and presence of pleural invasion (P < 0.05). Regarding Grade ≥ II postoperative complications, pneumonia and supraventricular tachycardia were more frequent in the emphysema group than in the non-emphysema group (P = 0.003 and P = 0.021, respectively). CONCLUSION The presence of emphysema affects the long-term outcomes and the development of postoperative complications in early-stage lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seijiro Sato
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan.
| | - Masaya Nakamura
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Yuki Shimizu
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Goto
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Terumoto Koike
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ishikawa
- Department of Radiology and Radiation Oncology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan
| | - Masanori Tsuchida
- Division of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachi-dori, Chuo-ku, Niigata-shi, Niigata, 951-8510, Japan
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Okuda R, Aoshiba K, Matsushima H, Ogura T, Okudela K, Ohashi K. Cellular senescence and senescence-associated secretory phenotype: comparison of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. J Thorac Dis 2019; 11:857-864. [PMID: 31019774 DOI: 10.21037/jtd.2019.02.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background The senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) develops due to cellular senescence during conditions such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, studies comparing the degree of cellular senescence and SASP between COPD and IPF are limited. Furthermore, to the best of our knowledge, no study has examined cellular senescence and/or SASP in connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD). Methods To compare the degree of cellular senescence among COPD, IPF, and CTD-ILD, tissue samples from surgical lung biopsies or noncancerous tissue from lobectomy specimens of patients with lung cancer were subjected to immunostaining for p16 and p21. Double-staining for p16 and phosphorylated NF-κB was performed to verify the relationship between cellular senescence and SASP. Results There was a greater degree of enhancement of p16 and p21 expression in patients with IPF than in those with COPD and controls. Immunostaining for p16 revealed an enhanced expression of this marker in patients with COPD compared with that in controls. No significant differences were observed in the phosphorylated NF-κB expression rate of p16-positive and p16-negative cells among patients with IPF, CTD-ILD, and COPD. Conclusions Epithelial cells in patients with IPF express higher levels of both cellular senescence and SASP than those in patients with COPD or controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Okuda
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazutetsu Aoshiba
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tokyo Medical University Ibaraki Medical Center, Inashiki, Japan
| | - Hidekazu Matsushima
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Saitama Red Cross Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takashi Ogura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Kanagawa Cardiovascular and Respiratory Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Koji Okudela
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenichi Ohashi
- Department of Pathology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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Yoon YS, Jin M, Sin DD. Accelerated lung aging and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Expert Rev Respir Med 2019; 13:369-380. [PMID: 30735057 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2019.1580576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) increases exponentially with aging. Its pathogenesis, however, is not well known and aside from smoking cessation, there are no disease-modifying treatments for this disease. Areas covered: COPD is associated with accelerating aging and aging-related diseases. In this review, we will discuss the hallmarks of aging including genomic instability, telomere attrition, epigenetic alteration, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, deregulated nutrient sensing, cellular senescence, stem cell exhaustion, and altered intercellular communication, which may be involved in COPD pathogenesis. Expert commentary: COPD and the aging process share similar molecular and cellular changes. Aging-related molecular pathways may represent novel therapeutic targets and biomarkers for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Soon Yoon
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,b Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine , Dongguk University Ilsan Hospital , Goyang , South Korea
| | - Minhee Jin
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
| | - Don D Sin
- a Centre for Heart and Lung Innovation , St. Paul's Hospital & University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada.,c Division of Respiratory Medicine (Department of Medicine) , University of British Columbia , Vancouver , BC , Canada
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Selman M, Martinez FJ, Pardo A. Why Does an Aging Smoker’s Lung Develop Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis and Not Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019; 199:279-285. [DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201806-1166pp] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Moisés Selman
- Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ismael Cosío Villegas, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Fernando J. Martinez
- Weill Cornell Medicine, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medical Center, New York, New York
- Deputy Editor, AJRCCM; and
| | - Annie Pardo
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
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Sundar IK, Rashid K, Gerloff J, Li D, Rahman I. Genetic Ablation of p16 INK4a Does Not Protect against Cellular Senescence in Mouse Models of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease/Emphysema. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2018; 59:189-199. [PMID: 29447461 PMCID: PMC6096345 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2017-0390oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) affects DNA damage and cellular senescence signaling pathways in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). p16INK4a (p16: a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor) is a key marker of cellular senescence, which is induced by CS in lung cells. It is thought that removal of p16 attenuates premature aging by removing senesced cells. However, the role of p16 in CS-induced stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) during the development of COPD/emphysema is not known. We hypothesize that p16 regulates cellular senescence and DNA damage/repair molecular signaling targets during chronic CS-induced inflammation and airspace enlargement in mouse models of COPD. We used p16 global knockout (KO) and p16 lung epithelial cell-specific KO (p16CreCC10) mice to determine whether p16 removal in lung epithelium augments or protects against cellular senescence (SIPS and SASP) in chronic CS- and elastase-induced development of COPD/emphysema in mice. p16 KO mice exposed to chronic CS and p16 lung epithelial cell-specific KO mice exposed to elastase did not show attenuation of lung inflammation, altered lung function, or airspace enlargement. p16 KO and p16CreCC10 exposed to CS and elastase showed increases in lung senescence-associated β-galactosidase activity. Thus, removal of p16-positive cells did not protect against airspace enlargement and decline in lung function induced in COPD mouse models. Our findings suggest that p16 is not the only key player associated with CS-induced cellular senescence phenotypes (SIPS and SASP), decline in lung function, and airspace enlargement in COPD/emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical and Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York
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Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Signaling in Lung Development and Inflammatory Lung Diseases. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:6057589. [PMID: 30018981 PMCID: PMC6029485 DOI: 10.1155/2018/6057589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) was firstly identified as a hormone that mediates the biological effects of growth hormone. Accumulating data have indicated the role of IGF-1 signaling pathway in lung development and diseases such as congenital disorders, cancers, inflammation, and fibrosis. IGF-1 signaling modulates the development and differentiation of many types of lung cells, including airway basal cells, club cells, alveolar epithelial cells, and fibroblasts. IGF-1 signaling deficiency results in alveolar hyperplasia in humans and disrupted lung architecture in animal models. The components of IGF-1 signaling pathways are potentiated as biomarkers as they are dysregulated locally or systemically in lung diseases, whereas data may be inconsistent or even paradoxical among different studies. The usage of IGF-1-based therapeutic agents urges for more researches in developmental disorders and inflammatory lung diseases, as the majority of current data are collected from limited number of animal experiments and are generally less exuberant than those in lung cancer. Elucidation of these questions by further bench-to-bedside researches may provide us with rational clinical diagnostic approaches and agents concerning IGF-1 signaling in lung diseases.
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Rashid K, Sundar IK, Gerloff J, Li D, Rahman I. Lung cellular senescence is independent of aging in a mouse model of COPD/emphysema. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9023. [PMID: 29899396 PMCID: PMC5998122 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27209-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cigarette smoke (CS) induces lung cellular senescence that plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). How aging influences cellular senescence and other molecular hallmarks, and increases the risk of CS-induced damage remains unknown. We hypothesized that aging-associated changes in lungs worsen the COPD/emphysema by CS exposure. Younger and older groups of C57BL/6J mice were exposed to chronic CS for 6 months with respective age-matched air-exposed controls. CS caused a decline in lung function and affected the lung structure of both groups of mice. No alterations were observed in the induction of inflammatory mediators between the air-exposed younger and older controls, but aging increased the severity of CS-induced lung inflammation. Aging per se increased lung cellular senescence and significant changes in damage-associated molecular patterns marker S100A8. Gene transcript analysis using the nanoString nCounter showed a significant upregulation of key pro-senescence targets by CS (Mmp12, Ccl2, Cdkn2a, Tert, Wrn, and Bub1b). Aging independently influenced lung function and structure, as well as increased susceptibility to CS-induced inflammation in emphysema, but had a negligible effect on cellular senescence. Thus, aging solely does not contribute to the induction of cellular senescence by CS in a mouse model of COPD/emphysema.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahkashan Rashid
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Isaac K Sundar
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Janice Gerloff
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Dongmei Li
- Department of Clinical & Translational Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Irfan Rahman
- Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
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Kadota T, Fujita Y, Yoshioka Y, Araya J, Kuwano K, Ochiya T. Emerging role of extracellular vesicles as a senescence-associated secretory phenotype: Insights into the pathophysiology of lung diseases. Mol Aspects Med 2018; 60:92-103. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2017.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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45
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Reduced proliferation capacity of lung cells in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2018; 52:249-255. [DOI: 10.1007/s00391-018-1377-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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46
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Lugo R, Gabasa M, Andriani F, Puig M, Facchinetti F, Ramírez J, Gómez-Caro A, Pastorino U, Fuster G, Almendros I, Gascón P, Davalos A, Reguart N, Roz L, Alcaraz J. Heterotypic paracrine signaling drives fibroblast senescence and tumor progression of large cell carcinoma of the lung. Oncotarget 2018; 7:82324-82337. [PMID: 27384989 PMCID: PMC5347694 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence in cancer cells acts as a tumor suppressor, whereas in fibroblasts enhances tumor growth. Senescence has been reported in tumor associated fibroblasts (TAFs) from a growing list of cancer subtypes. However, the presence of senescent TAFs in lung cancer remains undefined. We examined senescence in TAFs from primary lung cancer and paired control fibroblasts from unaffected tissue in three major histologic subtypes: adenocarcinoma (ADC), squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and large cell carcinoma (LCC). Three independent senescence markers (senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, permanent growth arrest and spreading) were consistently observed in cultured LCC-TAFs only, revealing a selective premature senescence. Intriguingly, SCC-TAFs exhibited a poor growth response in the absence of senescence markers, indicating a dysfunctional phenotype rather than senescence. Co-culturing normal fibroblasts with LCC (but not ADC or SCC) cancer cells was sufficient to render fibroblasts senescent through oxidative stress, indicating that senescence in LCC-TAFs is driven by heterotypic signaling. In addition, senescent fibroblasts provided selective growth and invasive advantages to LCC cells in culture compared to normal fibroblasts. Likewise, senescent fibroblasts enhanced tumor growth and lung dissemination of tumor cells when co-injected with LCC cells in nude mice beyond the effects induced by control fibroblasts. These results define the subtype-specific aberrant phenotypes of lung TAFs, thereby challenging the common assumption that lung TAFs are a heterogeneous myofibroblast-like cell population regardless of their subtype. Importantly, because LCC often distinguishes itself in the clinic by its aggressive nature, we argue that senescent TAFs may contribute to the selective aggressive behavior of LCC tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Lugo
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Gabasa
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Andriani
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori INT, Milano, Italy
| | - Marta Puig
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Federica Facchinetti
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori INT, Milano, Italy
| | - Josep Ramírez
- Anatomopathology Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Abel Gómez-Caro
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ugo Pastorino
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Gemma Fuster
- Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Isaac Almendros
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pere Gascón
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Noemí Reguart
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Luca Roz
- Tumor Genomics Unit, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori INT, Milano, Italy
| | - Jordi Alcaraz
- Unit of Biophysics and Bioengineering, Department of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBER de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW Senescent cells have the capacity to both effect and limit fibrosis. Senotherapeutics target senescent cells to improve aging conditions. Here, we review the contexts in which senescent cells mediate wound healing and fibrotic pathology and the potential utility of senotherapeutic drugs for treatment of fibrotic disease. RECENT FINDINGS Multi-action and temporal considerations influence deleterious versus beneficial actions of senescent cells. Acutely generated senescent cells can limit proliferation, and the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) contains factors that can facilitate tissue repair. Long-lived senescent cells that evade clearance or are generated outside of programmed remodeling can deplete the progenitor pool to exhaust regenerative capacity and through the SASP, stimulate continual activation, leading to disorganized tissue architecture, fibrotic damage, sterile inflammation, and induction of bystander senescence. Senescent cells contribute to fibrotic pathogenesis in multiple tissues, including the liver, kidney, and lung. Senotherapeutics may be a viable strategy for treatment of a range of fibrotic conditions.
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Brandsma CA, de Vries M, Costa R, Woldhuis RR, Königshoff M, Timens W. Lung ageing and COPD: is there a role for ageing in abnormal tissue repair? Eur Respir Rev 2017; 26:26/146/170073. [PMID: 29212834 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0073-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth leading cause of death worldwide, with increasing prevalence, in particular in the elderly. COPD is characterised by abnormal tissue repair resulting in (small) airways disease and emphysema. There is accumulating evidence that ageing hallmarks are prominent features of COPD. These ageing hallmarks have been described in different subsets of COPD patients, in different lung compartments and also in a variety of cell types, and thus might contribute to different COPD phenotypes. A better understanding of the main differences and similarities between normal lung ageing and the pathology of COPD may improve our understanding of the mechanisms driving COPD pathology, in particular in those patients that develop the most severe form of COPD at a relatively young age, i.e. severe early-onset COPD patients.In this review, after introducing the main concepts of lung ageing and COPD pathology, we focus on the role of (abnormal) ageing in lung remodelling and repair in COPD. We discuss the current evidence for the involvement of ageing hallmarks in these pathological features of COPD. We also highlight potential novel treatment strategies and opportunities for future research based on our current knowledge of abnormal lung ageing in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corry-Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands .,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike de Vries
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Epidemiology, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rita Costa
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Roy R Woldhuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Melanie Königshoff
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, University Hospital of the Ludwig Maximilians University, Munich, Germany.,Division of Pulmonary Sciences and Critical Care Medicine, Dept of Medicine, University of Colorado, Denver, CO, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Wim Timens
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Dept of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, The Netherlands.,University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands.,Both authors contributed equally
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Hydrogen-rich pure water prevents cigarette smoke-induced pulmonary emphysema in SMP30 knockout mice. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 492:74-81. [PMID: 28807355 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.08.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is predominantly a cigarette smoke (CS)-triggered disease with features of chronic systemic inflammation. Oxidants derived from CS can induce DNA damage and stress-induced premature cellular senescence in the respiratory system, which play significant roles in COPD. Therefore, antioxidants should provide benefits for the treatment of COPD; however, their therapeutic potential remains limited owing to the complexity of this disease. Recently, molecular hydrogen (H2) has been reported as a preventive and therapeutic antioxidant. Molecular H2 can selectively reduce hydroxyl radical accumulation with no known side effects, showing potential applications in managing oxidative stress, inflammation, apoptosis, and lipid metabolism. However, there have been no reports on the efficacy of molecular H2 in COPD patients. In the present study, we used a mouse model of COPD to investigate whether CS-induced histological damage in the lungs could be attenuated by administration of molecular H2. We administered H2-rich pure water to senescence marker protein 30 knockout (SMP30-KO) mice exposed to CS for 8 weeks. Administration of H2-rich water attenuated the CS-induced lung damage in the SMP30-KO mice and reduced the mean linear intercept and destructive index of the lungs. Moreover, H2-rich water significantly restored the static lung compliance in the CS-exposed mice compared with that in the CS-exposed H2-untreated mice. Moreover, treatment with H2-rich water decreased the levels of oxidative DNA damage markers such as phosphorylated histone H2AX and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and senescence markers such as cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2A, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1, and β-galactosidase in the CS-exposed mice. These results demonstrated that H2-rich pure water attenuated CS-induced emphysema in SMP30-KO mice by reducing CS-induced oxidative DNA damage and premature cell senescence in the lungs. Our study suggests that administration of molecular H2 may be a novel preventive and therapeutic strategy for COPD.
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Ruan W, Wu M, Shi L, Li F, Dong L, Qiu Y, Wu X, Ying K. Serum levels of IGFBP7 are elevated during acute exacerbation in COPD patients. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017; 12:1775-1780. [PMID: 28684903 PMCID: PMC5485893 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s132652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The purpose of this study was to explore the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) level in the serum of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients during acute exacerbation (AE). Methods The study population consisted of 47 AECOPD patients, including 25 patients enrolled between January 2011 and February 2011 (the first group) and 22 patients enrolled from December 2011 to August 2012 (the second group) and 29 healthy controls. Chemiluminescence–linked immunoassay was used to detect serum IGFBP7 levels. For the second group patients, IGFBP7 and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured both on the admission day and on the discharge day. Results Among the first group AECOPD patients, serum IGFBP7 levels were significantly elevated in AECOPD patients in the intensive care unit (ICU; 52.92±16.32 ng/mL), and in hospitalized AECOPD patients not in ICU (40.66±13.9), compared to healthy subjects (30.3±7.09 ng/mL; P<0.01). For the second group AECOPD patients, the increased IGFBP7 levels reduced after the patients had recovered (34.42±11.88 vs 27.24±7.2 ng/mL; P<0.01). During AE, the correlation coefficient between IGFBP7 and CRP was 0.357. In receiver operating characteristic analysis, the area under the curve was 0.799 for CRP, and 0.663 for IGFBP7 in distinguishing patients with AECOPD on the admission day from the discharge day. Conclusion Serum IGFBP7 levels were raised during AECOPD. Similar to the expression pattern of CRP, the IGFBP7 levels reduced after convalescence, suggesting that IGFBP7 might have a candidate role as a biomarker of AECOPD. No significant linear correlation was detected between IGFBP7 and CRP, indicating the probable different role for the two molecules in assessing AECOPD. Further study is needed to explore the value of IGFBP7 in differentiating phenotypes of AECOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Ruan
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Minliang Wu
- Department of Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine
| | - Liuhong Shi
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Fengying Li
- Department of Laboratory, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangliang Dong
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Yuanhua Qiu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Xiaohong Wu
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
| | - Kejing Ying
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University
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