1
|
Rasmussen M, Jin JP. Mechanoregulation and function of calponin and transgelin. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2024; 5:011302. [PMID: 38515654 PMCID: PMC10954348 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
It is well known that chemical energy can be converted to mechanical force in biological systems by motor proteins such as myosin ATPase. It is also broadly observed that constant/static mechanical signals potently induce cellular responses. However, the mechanisms that cells sense and convert the mechanical force into biochemical signals are not well understood. Calponin and transgelin are a family of homologous proteins that participate in the regulation of actin-activated myosin motor activity. An isoform of calponin, calponin 2, has been shown to regulate cytoskeleton-based cell motility functions under mechanical signaling. The expression of the calponin 2 gene and the turnover of calponin 2 protein are both under mechanoregulation. The regulation and function of calponin 2 has physiological and pathological significance, as shown in platelet adhesion, inflammatory arthritis, arterial atherosclerosis, calcific aortic valve disease, post-surgical fibrotic peritoneal adhesion, chronic proteinuria, ovarian insufficiency, and tumor metastasis. The levels of calponin 2 vary in different cell types, reflecting adaptations to specific tissue environments and functional states. The present review focuses on the mechanoregulation of calponin and transgelin family proteins to explore how cells sense steady tension and convert the force signal to biochemical activities. Our objective is to present a current knowledge basis for further investigations to establish the function and mechanisms of calponin and transgelin in cellular mechanoregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Rasmussen
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
| | - J.-P. Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rawat S, Subramaniam K, Subramanian SK, Subbarayan S, Dhanabalan S, Chidambaram SKM, Stalin B, Roy A, Nagaprasad N, Aruna M, Tesfaye JL, Badassa B, Krishnaraj R. Drug Repositioning Using Computer-aided Drug Design (CADD). Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:301-312. [PMID: 37605405 DOI: 10.2174/1389201024666230821103601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Drug repositioning is a method of using authorized drugs for other unusually complex diseases. Compared to new drug development, this method is fast, low in cost, and effective. Through the use of outstanding bioinformatics tools, such as computer-aided drug design (CADD), computer strategies play a vital role in the re-transformation of drugs. The use of CADD's special strategy for target-based drug reuse is the most promising method, and its realization rate is high. In this review article, we have particularly focused on understanding the various technologies of CADD and the use of computer-aided drug design for target-based drug reuse, taking COVID-19 and cancer as examples. Finally, it is concluded that CADD technology is accelerating the development of repurposed drugs due to its many advantages, and there are many facts to prove that the new ligand-targeting strategy is a beneficial method and that it will gain momentum with the development of technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sona Rawat
- School of Life Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur-302017, India
| | - Kanmani Subramaniam
- Department of Civil Engineering, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore-641407, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Selva Kumar Subramanian
- Department of Sciences, Amrita School of Engineering, Coimbatore - 641112, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Saravanan Subbarayan
- Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Trichy-620015, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Subramanian Dhanabalan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, M. Kumarasamy College of Engineering, Karur - 639113, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Balasubramaniam Stalin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Anna University, Regional Campus Madurai, Madurai - 625 019, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arpita Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering & Technology, Sharda University, Greater Noida 201310, India
| | - Nagaraj Nagaprasad
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, ULTRA College of Engineering and Technology, Madurai - 625104, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Mahalingam Aruna
- College of Engineering and Computing, Al Ghurair University, Academic City, Dubai, UAE
| | - Jule Leta Tesfaye
- Dambi Dollo University, College of Natural and Computational Science, Department of Physics, Ethiopia
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
- Ministry of innovation and technology, Ethiopia
| | - Bayissa Badassa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| | - Ramaswamy Krishnaraj
- Centre for Excellence-Indigenous Knowledge, Innovative Technology Transfer and Entrepreneurship, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
- Ministry of innovation and technology, Ethiopia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dambi Dollo University, Dambi Dollo, Ethiopia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Meng Y, Wang B, Lin H, Li F, Lu S, Wang J, Wang H, Guo L, Zhou X, Fu W. Prognostic Value of Tumor Size in Colon Cancer-Smaller is Better? Am Surg 2023; 89:6060-6069. [PMID: 38124320 DOI: 10.1177/00031348231180944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognostic value of tumor size in colon cancer remains controversial. This study aimed to reveal the correlation between tumor size and prognosis of colon cancer. METHODS A total of 491 patients with colon cancer were included in this study. The correlation of tumor size with prognosis, mismatch repair status, and other clinicopathological characteristics as well as tumor microenvironment was analyzed. RESULTS For stage IIA microsatellite stable (MSS) colon cancer, tumors sized <3.5 cm and ≥5 cm were associated with a poorer disease free survival (DFS) compared with tumors sized between 3.5 and 5 cm (P = .002). Small tumor size (HR = 5.098, P = .001) and large tumor size (HR = 2.749, P = .029) were found to be independent prognostic factors for stage IIA MSS colon cancer. Moreover, high expression of transgelin (TAGLN), a marker of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), was found to be an independent prognostic factor for poorer DFS (HR = 9.651, P = .009), which was also associated with smaller tumor size (P = .027). CONCLUSION Small (<3.5 cm) and large (≥5 cm) tumor sizes are associated with decreased DFS in stage IIA MSS colon cancer. Enrichment of TAGLN+ CAFs is associated with decreased DFS and small tumor size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Meng
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Bingyan Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hsinyi Lin
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Siyi Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Junwei Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Guo
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Hospital, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Cancer Center, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hsieh TB, Jin JP. Evolution and function of calponin and transgelin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1206147. [PMID: 37363722 PMCID: PMC10285543 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1206147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Calponin and transgelin (originally named SM22) are homologous cytoskeleton proteins that regulate actin-activated myosin motor functions in smooth muscle contraction and non-muscle cell motility during adhesion, migration, proliferation, phagocytosis, wound healing, and inflammatory responses. They are abundant cytoskeleton proteins present in multiple cell types whereas their physiological functions remain to be fully established. This focused review summarizes the evolution of genes encoding calponin and transgelin and their isoforms and discusses the structural similarity and divergence in vertebrate and invertebrate species in the context of functions in regulating cell motility. As the first literature review focusing on the evolution of the calponin-transgelin family of proteins in relevance to their structure-function relationship, the goal is to outline a foundation of current knowledge for continued investigations to understand the biological functions of calponin and transgelin in various cell types during physiological and pathological processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Bou Hsieh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, United States
| | - J.-P. Jin
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang L, Moonen JR, Cao A, Isobe S, Li CG, Tojais NF, Taylor S, Marciano DP, Chen PI, Gu M, Li D, Harper RL, El-Bizri N, Kim Y, Stankunas K, Rabinovitch M. Dysregulated Smooth Muscle Cell BMPR2-ARRB2 Axis Causes Pulmonary Hypertension. Circ Res 2023; 132:545-564. [PMID: 36744494 PMCID: PMC10008520 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.121.320541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mutations in BMPR2 (bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2) are associated with familial and sporadic pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). The functional and molecular link between loss of BMPR2 in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMC) and PAH pathogenesis warrants further investigation, as most investigations focus on BMPR2 in pulmonary artery endothelial cells. Our goal was to determine whether and how decreased BMPR2 is related to the abnormal phenotype of PASMC in PAH. METHODS SMC-specific Bmpr2-/- mice (BKOSMC) were created and compared to controls in room air, after 3 weeks of hypoxia as a second hit, and following 4 weeks of normoxic recovery. Echocardiography, right ventricular systolic pressure, and right ventricular hypertrophy were assessed as indices of pulmonary hypertension. Proliferation, contractility, gene and protein expression of PASMC from BKOSMC mice, human PASMC with BMPR2 reduced by small interference RNA, and PASMC from PAH patients with a BMPR2 mutation were compared to controls, to investigate the phenotype and underlying mechanism. RESULTS BKOSMC mice showed reduced hypoxia-induced vasoconstriction and persistent pulmonary hypertension following recovery from hypoxia, associated with sustained muscularization of distal pulmonary arteries. PASMC from mutant compared to control mice displayed reduced contractility at baseline and in response to angiotensin II, increased proliferation and apoptosis resistance. Human PASMC with reduced BMPR2 by small interference RNA, and PASMC from PAH patients with a BMPR2 mutation showed a similar phenotype related to upregulation of pERK1/2 (phosphorylated extracellular signal related kinase 1/2)-pP38-pSMAD2/3 mediating elevation in ARRB2 (β-arrestin2), pAKT (phosphorylated protein kinase B) inactivation of GSK3-beta, CTNNB1 (β-catenin) nuclear translocation and reduction in RHOA (Ras homolog family member A) and RAC1 (Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1). Decreasing ARRB2 in PASMC with reduced BMPR2 restored normal signaling, reversed impaired contractility and attenuated heightened proliferation and in mice with inducible loss of BMPR2 in SMC, decreasing ARRB2 prevented persistent pulmonary hypertension. CONCLUSIONS Agents that neutralize the elevated ARRB2 resulting from loss of BMPR2 in PASMC could prevent or reverse the aberrant hypocontractile and hyperproliferative phenotype of these cells in PAH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingli Wang
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Jan Renier Moonen
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Aiqin Cao
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Sarasa Isobe
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Caiyun G Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nancy F Tojais
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Shalina Taylor
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - David P Marciano
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Pin-I Chen
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Mingxia Gu
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Dan Li
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Rebecca L Harper
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Nesrine El-Bizri
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - YuMee Kim
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Kryn Stankunas
- Departments of Pathology and of Developmental Biology, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute; Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Marlene Rabinovitch
- BASE Initiative, Betty Irene Moore Children’s Heart Center, Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital
- Vera Moulton Wall Center for Pulmonary Vascular Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wu P, Pan X, Lu K, Gu N. Screening prognostic genes related to leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan treatment sensitivity by performing co-expression network analysis for colon cancer. Front Genet 2022; 13:928356. [DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.928356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the world. FOLFIRI (leucovorin, fluorouracil, and irinotecan) is a common combination in chemotherapy regimens. However, insensitivity to FOLFIRI is an important factor in the effectiveness of the treatment for advanced colon cancer. Our study aimed to explore precise molecular targets associated with chemotherapy responses in colon cancer.Methods: Gene expression profiles of 21 patients with advanced colorectal cancer who received chemotherapy based on FOLFIRI were obtained from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. The gene co-expression network was constructed by the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and functional gene modules were screened out. Clinical phenotypic correlation analysis was used to identify key gene modules. Gene Ontology and pathway enrichment analysis were used to screen enriched genes in key modules. Protein–protein interaction (PPI) analysis was used to screen out key node genes. Based on the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database, the correlation between the expression levels of these genes and the overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) of colon cancer patients was investigated, and the hub genes were screened out. Immunohistochemistry of candidate hub genes was identified using the Human Protein Atlas database. Finally, clinical information and RNA sequencing data of colon cancer were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas project database (TCGA), the GEPIA, and the Human Atlas databases for validation.Results: The WGCNA revealed that three hub genes were closely related to chemotherapy insensitivity of colon cancer: AEBP1, BGN, and TAGLN. The protein expression levels of AEBP1, BGN, and TAGLN in tumor tissues were higher than those in normal tissues. In addition, the gene expression levels of AEBP1, BGN, and TAGLN were negatively correlated with OS and DFS in colon cancer patients. Therefore, AEBP1, BGN, and TAGLN have been identified as potential biomarkers related to the response to FOLFIRI treatment of colon cancer.Conclusion: We found that AEBP1, BGN, and TAGLN, as potential predictive biomarkers, may play an important role in the response to FOLFIRI treatment of colon cancer and as a precise molecular target associated with chemotherapy response in colon cancer.
Collapse
|
7
|
APOE4 drives inflammation in human astrocytes via TAGLN3 repression and NF-κB activation. Cell Rep 2022; 40:111200. [PMID: 35977506 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOEε4) is the major allelic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Inflammation is increasingly considered as critical in sAD initiation and progression. Identifying brain molecular mechanisms that could bridge these two risk factors remain unelucidated. Leveraging induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based strategies, we demonstrate that APOE controls inflammation in human astrocytes by regulating Transgelin 3 (TAGLN3) expression and, ultimately, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. We uncover that APOE4 specifically downregulates TAGLN3, involving histone deacetylases activity, which results in low-grade chronic inflammation and hyperactivated inflammatory responses. We show that APOE4 exerts a dominant negative effect to prime astrocytes toward a pro-inflammatory state that is pharmacologically reversible by TAGLN3 supplementation. We further confirm that TAGLN3 is downregulated in the brain of patients with sAD. Our findings highlight the APOE-TAGLN3-NF-κB axis regulating neuroinflammation in human astrocytes and reveal TAGLN3 as a molecular target to modulate neuroinflammation, as well as a potential biomarker for AD.
Collapse
|
8
|
Xi Y, Liu J, Shen G. Low expression of IGFBP4 and TAGLN accelerate the poor overall survival of osteosarcoma. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9298. [PMID: 35665757 PMCID: PMC9166812 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13163-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a common malignant bone tumor characterized by the production of osteoid stroma by the tumor. However, effect of IGFBP4 and TAGLN on the survival of osteosarcoma is unclear. The GEO database was used to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control samples and osteosarcoma. Genes for biological process (BP), cellular composition (CC), and molecular function (MF) were examined using DAVID, Metascape, and GSEA. GSE14359 and GSE36001 were downloaded in the GEO database. GEO2R was used to find DEGs between control samples and osteosarcoma. The cytoHubb also found the hub genes of IGFBP4 and TAGLN. The Kaplan–Meier method was used to analyze overall survival. A total of 134 patients with osteosarcoma were enrolled in this study. The RNA levels of IGFBP4 and TAGLN were evaluated by RT-qPCR. The correlation between IGFBP4 and TAGLN expression and their associations with clinical indicators were analyzed using Spearman's rho test and Pearson's Chi-squared test. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to determine the potential prognostic factors. And the animal model was used to verify the role of hub genes on the osteosarcoma by the RT-qPCR and immunofluorescence. Support Vector Machine (SVM) was performed to construct the correlation among the expression of IGFBP4, TAGLN, and osteosarcoma. Through bioinformatics, IGFBP4 and TAGLN were identified as the hub genes of osteosarcoma. And osteosarcoma patients with high expression levels of IGFBP4 (HR = 0.56, P = 0.013) and TAGLN (HR = 0.52, P = 0.012) had better overall survival times than those with low expression levels. The results showed that pathologic grade (P = 0.017), tumor metastasis (P < 0.001), and enneking stage (P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with IGFBP4. Also, pathologic grade (P = 0.002), tumor metastasis (P < 0.001), and enneking stage (P < 0.001) were significantly related to the TAGLN. Spearman’s correlation coefficient displayed that IGFBP4 were significantly correlated with the tumor metastasis (ρ = − 0.843, P < 0.001), enneking stage (ρ = − 0.500, P < 0.001), and TAGLN (ρ = 0.821, P < 0.001). IGFBP4 (HR = 0.252, 95% CI 0.122–0.517, P < 0.001) and TAGLN (HR = 0.155, 95% CI 0.089–0.269, P < 0.001) were significantly associated with overall survival. Based on the qPCR and immunofluorescence, IGFBP4 and TAGLN were down-regulated in the osteosarcoma tissue than the control group. And the SVM presented that there exists strong relationship among the expression of IGFBP4, TAGLN, and osteosarcoma. IGFBP4 and TAGLN may be attractive molecular targets for osteosarcoma, opening a new avenue for research into the disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 1279 Sanmen Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Jianlin Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 1279 Sanmen Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Gufeng Shen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital Affiliated to Tongji University School of Medicine, 1279 Sanmen Road, Hongkou District, Shanghai, 200011, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yang B, Chen Q, Wan C, Sun S, Zhu L, Zhao Z, Zhong W, Wang B. Transgelin Inhibits the Malignant Progression of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinomas by Regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Front Oncol 2021; 11:709486. [PMID: 34552870 PMCID: PMC8450671 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.709486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This article investigates the role of Transgelin (TAGLN) in the epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) of esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (ESCC) and its possible mechanism of inhibiting the invasion of these cancers. Methods Tissue specimens and clinical information of patients with ESCC were collected to analyze the relationship between Transgelin expression level and prognosis of patients with ESCC. Transgelin siRNA was used to knock down Transgelin expression. The expression of Transgelin in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells was overexpressed by Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid. The effects of Transgelin overexpression and knockdown on the proliferation of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were examined by Transwell chamber, scratch assay, and CCK-8 cell activity assay. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect the effect of Transgelin overexpression or knockdown on the mRNA and protein expressions of E-cadherin and Vimentin. TCGA data were used to analyze Transgelin co-expressed genes and further study the GO and KEGG enrichment analysis results under the influence of Transgelin. Results The expression of Transgelin was low in ESCC, and its expression level was positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with ESCC. The targeted Transgelin siRNA and Transgelin-overexpressing plasmid can effectively regulate the expression of Transgelin mRNA and protein in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells. After overexpression of Transgelin, the invasion and proliferation abilities of Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells were significantly decreased compared with those of the control group (P < 0.05). However, Transgelin knockdown could promote the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ESCC cells. The overexpression of Transgelin inhibits EMT in ESCC. With the increase of Transgelin expression in Eca-109 and KYSE-150 cells, the expression of E-cadherin increased, while the expression of Vimentin decreased, and the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Transgelin can inhibit the malignant progression of ESCC by inhibiting the occurrence of EMT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boli Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China.,Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Qiuyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Changshan Wan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Lanping Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhizhong Zhao
- Department of Digestive Diseases, General Hospital of Jincheng, Tianjin, China
| | - Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| | - Bangmang Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang B, Fang X, Sun X, Du C, Zhou L, Lv X, Li Y, Li H, Tang W. m 6A demethylase ALKBH5 suppresses proliferation and migration of enteric neural crest cells by regulating TAGLN in Hirschsprung's disease. Life Sci 2021; 278:119577. [PMID: 33961858 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to investigate the role of demethylase ALKBH5 mediated demethylation of TAGLN mRNA in the occurrence of Hirschsprung's disease (HSCR), and to clarify how ALKBH5 reduces the m6A level of TAGLN mRNA and inhibits its degradation, thereby inhibiting the proliferation and migration of neural crest cells, and potentially contributing to the occurrence of HSCR. MATERIAL AND METHODS Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western-Blot (WB) were conducted to test the expression level of ALKBH5 and TAGLN genes. Cell function assays were adopted to detect cell phenotypes. The qRT-PCR and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation (MeRIP-qPCR) were used to test the regulation of TAGLN by ALKBH5. RESULTS 1. Compared with control intestinal tissue, the expression level of TAGLN and ALKBH5 in the aganglionic intestinal tissue of HSCR is increased. 2. The MeRIP-PCR and dualluciferase report confirmed that ALKBH5 could bind to m6A sites of TAGLN mRNA and reduce the m6A level of TAGLN mRNA. 3. In vitro cell experiments confirmed that overexpression of ALKBH5 can inhibit the degradation of TAGLN mRNA, increase the expression of TAGLN, thereby inhibiting cell proliferation and migration. 4. A zebrafish model of ALKBH5 overexpression was constructed. Studies have shown that ALKBH5 could inhibit the proliferation and migration of zebrafish enteric neurons. CONCLUSIONS ALKBH5 could demethylate TAGLN mRNA and up-regulate TAGLN expression, leading to the inhibition of proliferation and migration of enteric neural crest cells and contributing to the occurrence of HSCR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Binyu Wang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinhe Sun
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chunxia Du
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingling Zhou
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiurui Lv
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China; School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Rochester NY 14642, NY, USA
| | - Yuhan Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China; State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Center for Global Health, Key Laboratory of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weibing Tang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Kim HR, Park JS, Karabulut H, Yasmin F, Jun CD. Transgelin-2: A Double-Edged Sword in Immunity and Cancer Metastasis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:606149. [PMID: 33898417 PMCID: PMC8060441 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.606149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgelin-2, a small actin-binding protein, is the only transgelin family member expressed in immune cells. In T and B lymphocytes, transgelin-2 is constitutively expressed, but in antigen-presenting cells, it is significantly upregulated upon lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Transgelin-2 acts as a molecular staple to stabilize the actin cytoskeleton, and it competes with cofilin to bind filamentous (F)-actin. This action may enable immune synapse stabilization during T-cell interaction with cognate antigen-presenting cells. Furthermore, transgelin-2 blocks Arp2/3 complex-nucleated actin branching, which is presumably related to small filopodia formation, enhanced phagocytic function, and antigen presentation. Overall, transgelin-2 is an essential part of the molecular armament required for host defense against neoplasms and infectious diseases. However, transgelin-2 acts as a double-edged sword, as its expression is also essential for a wide range of tumor development, including drug resistance and metastasis. Thus, targeting transgelin-2 can also have a therapeutic advantage for cancer treatment; selectively suppressing transgelin-2 expression may prevent multidrug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. Here, we review newly discovered molecular characteristics of transgelin-2 and discuss clinical applications for cancer and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Ran Kim
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jeong-Su Park
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Hatice Karabulut
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Fatima Yasmin
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Chang-Duk Jun
- School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea.,Immune Synapse and Cell Therapy Research Center, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wendt TS, Li YJ, Gonzales RJ. Ozanimod, an S1PR 1 ligand, attenuates hypoxia plus glucose deprivation-induced autophagic flux and phenotypic switching in human brain VSM cells. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C1055-C1073. [PMID: 33788630 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00044.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle (VSM) cell phenotypic expression and autophagic state are dynamic responses to stress. Vascular pathologies, such as hypoxemia and ischemic injury, induce a synthetic VSM phenotype and autophagic flux resulting in a loss of vascular integrity and VSM cell death respectfully. Both clinical pilot and experimental stroke studies demonstrate that sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor (S1PR) modulation improves stroke outcome; however, specific mechanisms associated with a beneficial outcome at the level of the cerebrovasculature have not been clearly elucidated. We hypothesized that ozanimod, a selective S1PR type 1 ligand, will attenuate VSM synthetic phenotypic expression and autophagic flux in primary human brain VSM cells following acute hypoxia plus glucose deprivation (HGD; in vitro ischemic-like injury) exposure. Cells were treated with ozanimod and exposed to normoxia or HGD. Crystal violet staining, standard immunoblotting, and immunocytochemical labeling techniques assessed cellular morphology, vacuolization, phenotype, and autophagic state. We observed that HGD temporally decreased VSM cell viability and concomitantly increased vacuolization, both of which ozanimod reversed. HGD induced a simultaneous elevation and reduction in levels of pro- and antiautophagic proteins respectfully, and ozanimod attenuated this response. Protein levels of VSM phenotypic biomarkers, smoothelin and SM22, were decreased following HGD. Furthermore, we observed an HGD-induced epithelioid and synthetic morphological appearance accompanied by disorganized cytoskeletal filaments, which was rescued by ozanimod. Thus, we conclude that ozanimod, a selective S1PR1 ligand, protects against acute HGD-induced phenotypic switching and promotes cell survival, in part, by attenuating HGD-induced autophagic flux thus improving vascular patency in response to acute ischemia-like injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor S Wendt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Yu Jing Li
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| | - Rayna J Gonzales
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Wen F, Sun X, Sun C, Dong Z, Jia G, Bao W, Yu H, Yang C. TAGLN Is Downregulated by TRAF6-Mediated Proteasomal Degradation in Prostate Cancer Cells. Mol Cancer Res 2021; 19:1113-1122. [PMID: 33771884 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-20-0513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Transgelin (TAGLN, also named SM22) is an actin-associated protein and affects dynamics of actin filaments. Deregulation of TAGLN contributes to the development of different cancers, and it is commonly considered to be a tumor suppressor. TAGLN is usually downregulated in prostate cancer; however, the detailed functions of TAGLN in prostate cancer and how TAGLN is regulated remains unclear. In this study, we confirmed that TAGLN is downregulated in prostate cancer tissues and demonstrated that the downregulation of TAGLN occurs through proteasomal degradation. Next, we found that the expression level of TAGLN is inversely correlated with TRAF6. We screened more than 20 E2-E3 pairs by in vitro ubiquitination assay and found that the E2A-TRAF6 pair catalyzed mono ubiquitination of TAGLN. We then identified the ubiquitination sites of TAGLN to be on K89 or K108 residues and demonstrated that ubiquitination of TAGLN on K89/K108 are important for TRAF6-mediated proteasomal degradation. Furthermore, we investigated the function of TAGLN in prostate cancer cells. We found that ablation of TAGLN promoted prostate cancer cell proliferation and suppressed their migration via activation of NF-κB and Myc signaling pathways. Overall, our study provided new insights into the mechanisms underlying TAGLN expression and activity in prostate cancer. IMPLICATIONS: E3 ligase TRAF6 mediate mono-ubiquitination and degradation of TAGLN, which leads to activation of NF-κB and Myc signaling pathways in prostate cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fuping Wen
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaochen Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenxia Sun
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyang Dong
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Gaozhen Jia
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Haolan Yu
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenghua Yang
- Department of Urology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Tissue Microenvironment and Tumor, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhong W, Sun B, Ruan H, Yang G, Qian B, Cao H, He L, Fan Y, Roberts AG, Liu X, Hu X, Liang Y, Ye Q, Yin T, Wang B, Yang C, Sun T, Zhou H. Deglycosylated Azithromycin Targets Transgelin to Enhance Intestinal Smooth Muscle Function. iScience 2020; 23:101464. [PMID: 32889431 PMCID: PMC7479357 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Azithromycin (AZM) has been widely used as an antibacterial drug for many years. It has also been used to treat delayed gastric emptying. However, it exerts several side effects. We found that deglycosylated AZM (Deg-AZM or CP0119), an AZM metabolite, is a positively strong intestinal agonist that may result in the intestinal mobility experienced by patients after AZM administration. We confirmed that Deg-AZM can function strongly on intestinal peristalsis and identified transgelin as its potential molecular target. Furthermore, our pharmacological studies showed that the binding of Deg-AZM to transgelin enhanced the contractility of intestinal smooth muscle cells by facilitating the assembly of actin filaments into tight bundles and stress fibers. Specifically, Deg-AZM promoted intestinal peristaltic activity in wild-type mice but not in transgelin (-/-) mice. Moreover, Deg-AZM did not exert antibacterial activity and did not disrupt intestinal flora. Thus, Deg-AZM may become a potential drug for slow-transit constipation treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilong Zhong
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Bo Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Hao Ruan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Baoxin Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Hailong Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Lingfei He
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yunjing Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Arthur G. Roberts
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Xiang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Xuejiao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Qing Ye
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Artificial Cells, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin 300041, China
| | - Tingting Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Bangmao Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Institute of Digestive Disease, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| | - Honggang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology and College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Early Druggability Evaluation of Innovative Drugs and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Drug Research, Tianjin International Joint Academy of Biomedicine, Tianjin 300450, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Buttacavoli M, Albanese NN, Roz E, Pucci-Minafra I, Feo S, Cancemi P. Proteomic Profiling of Colon Cancer Tissues: Discovery of New Candidate Biomarkers. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093096. [PMID: 32353950 PMCID: PMC7247674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 04/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer is an aggressive tumor form with a poor prognosis. This study reports a comparative proteomic analysis performed by using two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) between 26 pooled colon cancer surgical tissues and adjacent non-tumoral tissues, to identify potential target proteins correlated with carcinogenesis. The DAVID functional classification tool revealed that most of the differentially regulated proteins, acting both intracellularly and extracellularly, concur across multiple cancer steps. The identified protein classes include proteins involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, metabolic pathways, oxidative stress, cell motility, Ras signal transduction, and cytoskeleton. Interestingly, networks and pathways analysis showed that the identified proteins could be biologically inter-connected to the tumor-host microenvironment, including innate immune response, platelet and neutrophil degranulation, and hemostasis. Finally, transgelin (TAGL), here identified for the first time with four different protein species, collectively down-regulated in colon cancer tissues, emerged as a top-ranked biomarker for colorectal cancer (CRC). In conclusion, our findings revealed a different proteomic profiling in colon cancer tissues characterized by the deregulation of specific pathways involved in hallmarks of cancer. All of these proteins may represent promising novel colon cancer biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets, if validated in larger cohorts of patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Buttacavoli
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orleans, Building 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Nadia Ninfa Albanese
- Experimental Center of Onco Biology (COBS), Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312, 90145 Palermo, Italy
| | - Elena Roz
- La Maddalena Hospital III Level Oncological Department, Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312, 90145 Palermo, Italy
| | - Ida Pucci-Minafra
- Experimental Center of Onco Biology (COBS), Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312, 90145 Palermo, Italy
| | - Salvatore Feo
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orleans, Building 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
| | - Patrizia Cancemi
- Department of Biological Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies (STEBICEF), University of Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Parco d’Orleans, Building 16, 90128 Palermo, Italy
- Experimental Center of Onco Biology (COBS), Via San Lorenzo Colli, 312, 90145 Palermo, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Dvorakova M, Lapcik P, Bouchalova P, Bouchal P. Transgelin Silencing Induces Different Processes in Different Breast Cancer Cell Lines. Proteomics 2020; 20:e1900383. [PMID: 32061197 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201900383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Transgelin is a protein reported to be a marker of several cancers. However, previous studies have shown both up- and down-regulation of transgelin in tumors when compared with non-tumor tissues and the mechanisms whereby transgelin may affect the development of cancer remain largely unknown. Transgelin is especially abundant in smooth muscle cells and is associated with actin stress fibers. These contractile structures participate in cell motility, adhesion, and the maintenance of cell morphology. Here, the role of transgelin in breast cancer is focused on. Initially, the effects of transgelin on cell migration of the breast cancer cell lines, BT 549 and PMC 42, is studied. Interestingly, transgelin silencing increased the migration of PMC 42 cells, but decreased the migration of BT 549 cells. To clarify these contradictory results, the changes in protein abundances after transgelin silencing in these two cell lines are analyzed using quantitative proteomics. The results confirmed the role of transgelin in the migration of BT 549 cells and suggest the involvement of transgelin in apoptosis and small molecule biochemistry in PMC 42 cells. The context-dependent function of transgelin reflects the different molecular backgrounds of these cell lines, which differ in karyotypes, mutation statuses, and proteome profiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dvorakova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 61137, Czech Republic.,Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Brno, 65653, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Lapcik
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Pavla Bouchalova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 61137, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Bouchal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, 61137, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Transgelin, a p53 and PTEN-Upregulated Gene, Inhibits the Cell Proliferation and Invasion of Human Bladder Carcinoma Cells in Vitro and in Vivo. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194946. [PMID: 31591355 PMCID: PMC6801752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Transgelin (TAGLN/SM22-α) is a regulator of the actin cytoskeleton, affecting the survival, migration, and apoptosis of various cancer cells divergently; however, the roles of TAGLN in bladder carcinoma cells remain inconclusive. We compared expressions of TAGLN in human bladder carcinoma cells to the normal human bladder tissues to determine the potential biological functions and regulatory mechanisms of TAGLN in bladder carcinoma cells. Results of RT-qPCR and immunoblot assays indicated that TAGLN expressions were higher in bladder smooth muscle cells, fibroblast cells, and normal epithelial cells than in carcinoma cells (RT-4, HT1376, TSGH-8301, and T24) in vitro. Besides, the results of RT-qPCR revealed that TAGLN expressions were higher in normal tissues than the paired tumor tissues. In vitro, TAGLN knockdown enhanced cell proliferation and invasion, while overexpression of TAGLN had the inverse effects in bladder carcinoma cells. Meanwhile, ectopic overexpression of TAGLN attenuated tumorigenesis in vivo. Immunofluorescence and immunoblot assays showed that TAGLN was predominantly in the cytosol and colocalized with F-actin. Ectopic overexpression of either p53 or PTEN induced TAGLN expression, while p53 knockdown downregulated TAGLN expression in bladder carcinoma cells. Our results indicate that TAGLN is a p53 and PTEN-upregulated gene, expressing higher levels in normal bladder epithelial cells than carcinoma cells. Further, TAGLN inhibited cell proliferation and invasion in vitro and blocked tumorigenesis in vivo. Collectively, it can be concluded that TAGLN is an antitumor gene in the human bladder.
Collapse
|
18
|
Chen Z, He S, Zhan Y, He A, Fang D, Gong Y, Li X, Zhou L. TGF-β-induced transgelin promotes bladder cancer metastasis by regulating epithelial-mesenchymal transition and invadopodia formation. EBioMedicine 2019; 47:208-220. [PMID: 31420300 PMCID: PMC6796540 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Metastatic bladder cancer (BLCA) is a lethal disease with an unmet need for study. Transgelin (TAGLN) is an actin-binding protein that affects the dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton indicating its robust potential as a metastasis initiator. Here, we sought to explore the expression pattern of TAGLN and elucidate its specific functioning and mechanisms in BLCA. Methods A comprehensive assessment of TAGLN expression in BLCA was performed in three cohorts with a total of 847 patients. The potential effects of TAGLN on BLCA were further determined using clinical genomic analyses that guided the subsequent functional and mechanistic studies. In vitro migration, invasion assays and in vivo metastatic mouse model were performed to explore the biological functions of TAGLN in BLCA cells. Immunofluorescence, western blot and correlation analysis were used to investigate the molecular mechanisms of TAGLN. Findings TAGLN was highly expressed in BLCA and correlated with advanced prognostic features. TAGLN promoted cell colony formation and cell migration and invasion both in vitro and in vivo by inducing invadopodia formation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, during which a significant correlation between TAGLN and Slug was observed. The progression-dependent correlation between TGF-β and TAGLN was analysed at both the cellular and tissue levels, while TGF-β-mediated migration was abolished by the suppression of TAGLN. Interpretation Overall, TAGLN is a promising novel prognosis biomarker of BLCA, and its metastatic mechanisms indicate that TAGLN may represent a novel target agent that can be utilized for the clinical management of invasive and metastatic BLCA. Fund This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81772703, 81672546, 81602253]; the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing [71772219, 7152146]. and Innovative Fund for Doctoral Students of Peking University Health Science Center (BUM2018BSS002). Funders had no role in the design of the study, data collection, data analysis, interpretation, or the writing of this report.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicong Chen
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Shiming He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yonghao Zhan
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China; Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 45000, China
| | - Anbang He
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Dong Fang
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China
| | - Yanqing Gong
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Xuesong Li
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Liqun Zhou
- Department of Urology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China; Institute of Urology, Peking University, Beijing 100034, China; National Urological Cancer Center, Beijing 100034, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Urogenital Diseases (male) Molecular Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Beijing 100034, China.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Combined Transcriptome and Proteome Analysis of Immortalized Human Keratinocytes Expressing Human Papillomavirus 16 (HPV16) Oncogenes Reveals Novel Key Factors and Networks in HPV-Induced Carcinogenesis. mSphere 2019; 4:4/2/e00129-19. [PMID: 30918060 PMCID: PMC6437273 DOI: 10.1128/msphere.00129-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers still remain a big health problem, especially in developing countries, despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines. Although HPV oncogenes have been intensively investigated for decades, a study applying recent advances in RNA-Seq and quantitative proteomic approaches to a precancerous model system with well-defined HPV oncogene expression alongside HPV-negative parental cells has been missing until now. Here, combined omics analyses reveal global changes caused by the viral oncogenes in a less biased way and allow the identification of novel factors and key cellular networks potentially promoting malignant transformation. In addition, this system also provides a basis for mechanistic research on novel key factors regulated by HPV oncogenes, especially those that are confirmed in vivo in cervical cancer as well as in head and neck cancer patient samples from TCGA data sets. Although the role of high-risk human papillomaviruses (hrHPVs) as etiological agents in cancer development has been intensively studied during the last decades, there is still the necessity of understanding the impact of the HPV E6 and E7 oncogenes on host cells, ultimately leading to malignant transformation. Here, we used newly established immortalized human keratinocytes with a well-defined HPV16 E6E7 expression cassette to get a more complete and less biased overview of global changes induced by HPV16 by employing transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) and stable isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture (SILAC). This is the first study combining transcriptome and proteome data to characterize the impact of HPV oncogenes in human keratinocytes in comparison with their virus-negative counterparts. To enhance the informative value and accuracy of the RNA-Seq data, four different bioinformatic workflows were used. We identified potential novel upstream regulators (e.g., CNOT7, SPDEF, MITF, and PAX5) controlling distinct clusters of genes within the HPV-host cell network as well as distinct factors (e.g., CPPED1, LCP1, and TAGLN) with essential functions in cancer. Validated results in this study were compared to data sets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), demonstrating that several identified factors were also differentially expressed in cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC) and HPV-positive head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCs). This highly integrative approach allows the identification of novel HPV-induced cellular changes that are also reflected in cancer patients, providing a promising omics data set for future studies in both basic and translational research. IMPORTANCE Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancers still remain a big health problem, especially in developing countries, despite the availability of prophylactic vaccines. Although HPV oncogenes have been intensively investigated for decades, a study applying recent advances in RNA-Seq and quantitative proteomic approaches to a precancerous model system with well-defined HPV oncogene expression alongside HPV-negative parental cells has been missing until now. Here, combined omics analyses reveal global changes caused by the viral oncogenes in a less biased way and allow the identification of novel factors and key cellular networks potentially promoting malignant transformation. In addition, this system also provides a basis for mechanistic research on novel key factors regulated by HPV oncogenes, especially those that are confirmed in vivo in cervical cancer as well as in head and neck cancer patient samples from TCGA data sets.
Collapse
|
20
|
Matsui TS, Ishikawa A, Deguchi S. Transgelin-1 (SM22α) interacts with actin stress fibers and podosomes in smooth muscle cells without using its actin binding site. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018; 505:879-884. [PMID: 30301526 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2018.09.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Transgelin-1 (SM22α) has been recognized as a smooth muscle marker and a tumor suppressor, but many details of the working mechanisms remain unclear. Transgelin-1 belongs to the calponin family of actin-binding proteins with an N-terminal calponin homology domain (CH-domain) and a C-terminal calponin-like module (CLIK23). Here, we demonstrate that transgelin-1 interacts with actin stress fibers and podosomes in smooth muscle cells via its type-3 CH-domain, while CLIK23 is dispensable for the binding to the actin structures. We further suggest that the EF-hand motif in transgelin-1 contributes to proper folding of the CH-domain and in turn to the interaction with the actin structures. These results are in contrast to the ones reported in in vitro studies that demonstrated CLIK23 was necessary for the transgelin-1-actin binding, while the CH-domain was not. Besides, within cells, transgelin-1 phosphorylation at Ser181 in CLIK23 did not affect its colocalization with the actin structures, while the same phosphorylation was reported in in vitro studies to negatively regulate actin binding. Thus, our results suggest the molecular basis of intracellular interaction between transgelin-1 and actin, distinct from that in vitro. The actin binding capability intrinsic to CLIK23 may not appear within cells probably because of the weaker competition for actin binding compared to other actin binding molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsubasa S Matsui
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan; Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ishikawa
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan; Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan
| | - Shinji Deguchi
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Science, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Japan; Division of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Chen T, Huang JB, Dai J, Zhou Q, Raj JU, Zhou G. PAI-1 is a novel component of the miR-17~92 signaling that regulates pulmonary artery smooth muscle cell phenotypes. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 315:L149-L161. [PMID: 29644896 PMCID: PMC6139661 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00137.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously reported that miR-17~92 is critically involved in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). We also identified two novel mR-17/20a direct targets, PDZ and LIM domain protein 5 (PDLIM5) and prolyl hydroxylase 2 (PHD2), and elucidated the signaling pathways by which PDLIM5 and PHD2 regulate functions of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). In addition, we have shown that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is also downregulated in PASMCs that overexpress miR-17~92. However, it is unclear whether PAI-1 is a direct target of miR-17~92 and whether it plays a role in regulating the PASMC phenotype. In this study, we have identified PAI-1 as a novel target of miR-19a/b, two members of the miR-17~92 cluster. We found that the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) of PAI-1 contains a miR-19a/b binding site and that miR-19a/b can target this site to suppress PAI-1 protein expression. MiR-17/20a, two other members of miR-17~92, may also indirectly suppress PAI-1 expression through PDLIM5. PAI-1 is a negative regulator of miR-17~92-mediated PASMC proliferation. Silencing of PAI-1 induces Smad2/calponin signaling in PASMCs, suggesting that PAI-1 is a negative regulator of the PASMC contractile phenotype. We also found that PAI-1 is essential for the metabolic gene expression in PASMCs. Furthermore, although there is no significant change in PAI-1 levels in PASMCs isolated from idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension and associated pulmonary arterial hypertension patients, PAI-1 is downregulated in hypoxia/Sugen-induced hypertensive rat lungs. These results suggest that miR-17~92 regulates the PASMC contractile phenotype and proliferation coordinately and synergistically by direct and indirect targeting of PAI-1.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- 3' Untranslated Regions
- Animals
- Cell Proliferation
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Humans
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/genetics
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Muscle Contraction/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/biosynthesis
- Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/genetics
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianji Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jason B Huang
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Jingbo Dai
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Qiyuan Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Usha Raj
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| | - Guofei Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Illinois at Chicago , Chicago, Illinois
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Lino Cardenas CL, Kessinger CW, MacDonald C, Jassar AS, Isselbacher EM, Jaffer FA, Lindsay ME. Inhibition of the methyltranferase EZH2 improves aortic performance in experimental thoracic aortic aneurysm. JCI Insight 2018. [PMID: 29515022 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.97493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in genes encoding contractile proteins have been observed in thoracic aortic aneurysms (TAA). To gain insight into the contribution of contractile protein deficiency in the pathogenesis of TAA, we examined human aneurysm samples. We found multiple contractile gene products deficient in TAA samples, and in particular, expression of SM22α was inversely correlated with aneurysm size. SM22α-deficient mice demonstrated pregnancy-induced aortic dissection, and SM22α deficiency worsened aortic aneurysm in Fbn1C1039G/+ (Marfan) mice, validating this gene product as a TAA effector. We found that repression of SM22α was enforced by increased activity of the methyltransferase EZH2. TGF-β effectors such as SMAD3 were excluded from binding SM22α-encoding chromatin (TAGLN) in TAA samples, while treatment with the EZH2 inhibitor GSK343 improved cytoskeletal architecture and restored SM22α expression. Finally, inhibition of EZH2 improved aortic performance in Fbn1C1039G/+ mice, in association with restoration of contractile protein expression (including SM22α). Together, these data inform our understanding of contractile protein deficiency in TAA and support the pursuit of chromatin modifying factors as therapeutic targets in aortic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carolyn MacDonald
- Thoracic Aortic Center.,Cardiovascular Research Center.,Cardiology, Department of Medicine
| | - Arminder S Jassar
- Thoracic Aortic Center.,Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and
| | - Eric M Isselbacher
- Thoracic Aortic Center.,Cardiovascular Research Center.,Cardiology, Department of Medicine
| | - Farouc A Jaffer
- Cardiovascular Research Center.,Cardiology, Department of Medicine
| | - Mark E Lindsay
- Thoracic Aortic Center.,Cardiovascular Research Center.,Cardiology, Department of Medicine.,Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tang H, Babicheva A, McDermott KM, Gu Y, Ayon RJ, Song S, Wang Z, Gupta A, Zhou T, Sun X, Dash S, Wang Z, Balistrieri A, Zheng Q, Cordery AG, Desai AA, Rischard F, Khalpey Z, Wang J, Black SM, Garcia JGN, Makino A, Yuan JXJ. Endothelial HIF-2α contributes to severe pulmonary hypertension due to endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2018; 314:L256-L275. [PMID: 29074488 PMCID: PMC5866501 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00096.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary vascular remodeling characterized by concentric wall thickening and intraluminal obliteration is a major contributor to the elevated pulmonary vascular resistance in patients with idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH). Here we report that increased hypoxia-inducible factor 2α (HIF-2α) in lung vascular endothelial cells (LVECs) under normoxic conditions is involved in the development of pulmonary hypertension (PH) by inducing endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT), which subsequently results in vascular remodeling and occlusive lesions. We observed significant EndMT and markedly increased expression of SNAI, an inducer of EndMT, in LVECs from patients with IPAH and animals with experimental PH compared with normal controls. LVECs isolated from IPAH patients had a higher level of HIF-2α than that from normal subjects, whereas HIF-1α was upregulated in pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs) from IPAH patients. The increased HIF-2α level, due to downregulated prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 2 (PHD2), a prolyl hydroxylase that promotes HIF-2α degradation, was involved in enhanced EndMT and upregulated SNAI1/2 in LVECs from patients with IPAH. Moreover, knockdown of HIF-2α (but not HIF-1α) with siRNA decreases both SNAI1 and SNAI2 expression in IPAH-LVECs. Mice with endothelial cell (EC)-specific knockout (KO) of the PHD2 gene, egln1 (egln1EC-/-), developed severe PH under normoxic conditions, whereas Snai1/2 and EndMT were increased in LVECs of egln1EC-/- mice. EC-specific KO of the HIF-2α gene, hif2a, prevented mice from developing hypoxia-induced PH, whereas EC-specific deletion of the HIF-1α gene, hif1a, or smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific deletion of hif2a, negligibly affected the development of PH. Also, exposure to hypoxia for 48-72 h increased protein level of HIF-1α in normal human PASMCs and HIF-2α in normal human LVECs. These data indicate that increased HIF-2α in LVECs plays a pathogenic role in the development of severe PH by upregulating SNAI1/2, inducing EndMT, and causing obliterative pulmonary vascular lesions and vascular remodeling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiyang Tang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Aleksandra Babicheva
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Kimberly M McDermott
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Yali Gu
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ramon J Ayon
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Shanshan Song
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Akash Gupta
- Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Tong Zhou
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Xutong Sun
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Swetaleena Dash
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zilu Wang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Angela Balistrieri
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Qiuyu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medicine University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Arlette G Cordery
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ankit A Desai
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Cardiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Franz Rischard
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Zain Khalpey
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medicine University , Guangzhou , China
| | - Stephen M Black
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Joe G N Garcia
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Ayako Makino
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| | - Jason X-J Yuan
- Division of Translational and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona , Tucson, Arizona
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Chupani L, Niksirat H, Lünsmann V, Haange SB, von Bergen M, Jehmlich N, Zuskova E. Insight into the modulation of intestinal proteome of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) after dietary exposure to ZnO nanoparticles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 613-614:62-71. [PMID: 28898813 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) are widely used in industrial and consumer products. Therefore understanding their interaction with biological systems is key to their safe application. Proteomics was applied to assess the sub-lethal effects of dietary ZnO NPs on two parts of carp intestine, the intestinal folds and the muscular parts. A commercial carp feed containing 500mgkg-1 of ZnO NPs was fed to fish for six weeks. The abundances of 32 proteins in the treated intestinal folds were significantly changed and in addition, 28 proteins were significantly changed in the muscular parts. Pathways analysis revealed downregulation of pathways attributed to protein synthesis in both parts of the treated intestine. Remodelling of actin cytoskeleton pathways were regulated positively and negatively in intestinal folds and muscular parts, respectively, albeit via different mechanisms. Apoptosis response was indicated in exposed intestinal folds, whereas elevated levels of protein associated with cancerous cell survival were observed in the muscular parts. Results showed that ZnO NPs affected the protein abundances associated with cell motility, immune system response, oxidative stress response, as well as cell metabolism. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD006867.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Latifeh Chupani
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic.
| | - Hamid Niksirat
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Vanessa Lünsmann
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany; University of Leipzig, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Helmholtz-Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ GmbH, Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Eliska Zuskova
- University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, Research Institute of Fish Culture and Hydrobiology, Vodňany, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Abstract
SM22α, also named transgelin, is an actin filament-associated protein in smooth muscle and fibroblasts. Three decades after its discovery, the biological function of SM22α remains under investigation. Here we report a novel finding that the expression and degradation of SM22α/transgelin are regulated by mechanical tension. Following a mass spectrometry identification of SM22α degradation in isolated and tension-unloaded mouse aorta, we developed specific monoclonal antibodies to study the regulation of SM22α in human fetal lung myofibroblast line MRC-5 and primary cultures of neonatal mouse skin fibroblasts. The level of SM22α is positively related to the mechanical tension in the cytoskeleton produced by the myosin II motor in response to the stiffness of the culture matrix. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that the expression of SM22α is regulated at the transcriptional level. This mechanical regulation resembles that of calponin 2, another actin filament-associated protein. Immunofluorescent staining co-localized SM22α with F-actin, myosin, and calponin 2 in mouse skin fibroblasts. The close phylogenetic relationship between SM22α and the calponin family supports that SM22α is a calponin-like regulatory protein. The level of SM22α is decreased in skin fibroblasts isolated from calponin 2 knockout mice, suggesting interrelated regulation and function of the two proteins. On the other hand, SM22α expression was maximized at a matrix stiffness higher than that for calponin 2 in the same cell type, indicating differentiated regulation and tension responsiveness. The novel mechanoregulation of SM22α/transgelin lays the groundwork for understanding its cellular functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Liu
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - M Moazzem Hossain
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Xuequn Chen
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| | - Jian-Ping Jin
- Department of Physiology, Wayne State University School of Medicine , Detroit, Michigan 48201, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kryza T, Silva LM, Bock N, Fuhrman-Luck RA, Stephens CR, Gao J, Samaratunga H, Lawrence MG, Hooper JD, Dong Y, Risbridger GP, Clements JA. Kallikrein-related peptidase 4 induces cancer-associated fibroblast features in prostate-derived stromal cells. Mol Oncol 2017; 11:1307-1329. [PMID: 28510269 PMCID: PMC5623815 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The reciprocal communication between cancer cells and their microenvironment is critical in cancer progression. Although involvement of cancer‐associated fibroblasts (CAF) in cancer progression is long established, the molecular mechanisms leading to differentiation of CAFs from normal fibroblasts are poorly understood. Here, we report that kallikrein‐related peptidase‐4 (KLK4) promotes CAF differentiation. KLK4 is highly expressed in prostate epithelial cells of premalignant (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia) and malignant lesions compared to normal prostate epithelia, especially at the peristromal interface. KLK4 induced CAF‐like features in the prostate‐derived WPMY1 normal stromal cell line, including increased expression of alpha‐smooth muscle actin, ESR1 and SFRP1. KLK4 activated protease‐activated receptor‐1 in WPMY1 cells increasing expression of several factors (FGF1, TAGLN, LOX, IL8, VEGFA) involved in prostate cancer progression. In addition, KLK4 induced WPMY1 cell proliferation and secretome changes, which in turn stimulated HUVEC cell proliferation that could be blocked by a VEGFA antibody. Importantly, the genes dysregulated by KLK4 treatment of WPMY1 cells were also differentially expressed between patient‐derived CAFs compared to matched nonmalignant fibroblasts and were further increased by KLK4 treatment. Taken together, we propose that epithelial‐derived KLK4 promotes tumour progression by actively promoting CAF differentiation in the prostate stromal microenvironment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Kryza
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Lakmali M Silva
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Nathalie Bock
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Ruth A Fuhrman-Luck
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Carson R Stephens
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Jin Gao
- Regenerative Dentistry and Oral Biology, Oral Health Centre, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | - Hema Samaratunga
- Aquesta Pathology, Toowong, Australia.,School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia
| | -
- Australian Prostate Cancer BioResource, The Prostate Cancer Research Program, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Mitchell G Lawrence
- Prostate Research Group, Cancer Program - Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - John D Hooper
- Cancer Biology and Care Program, Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Australia
| | - Ying Dong
- Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| | - Gail P Risbridger
- Prostate Research Group, Cancer Program - Biomedicine Discovery Institute Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Monash Partners Comprehensive Cancer Consortium, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Prostate Cancer Translational Research Program, Cancer Research Division, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, Australia.,Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- Australian Prostate Cancer Research Centre - Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Woolloongabba, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation and School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Michaels TC, Dear AJ, Knowles TP. Scaling and dimensionality in the chemical kinetics of protein filament formation. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2016.1239335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
29
|
Brägelmann J, Klümper N, Offermann A, von Mässenhausen A, Böhm D, Deng M, Queisser A, Sanders C, Syring I, Merseburger AS, Vogel W, Sievers E, Vlasic I, Carlsson J, Andrén O, Brossart P, Duensing S, Svensson MA, Shaikhibrahim Z, Kirfel J, Perner S. Pan-Cancer Analysis of the Mediator Complex Transcriptome Identifies CDK19 and CDK8 as Therapeutic Targets in Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2016; 23:1829-1840. [PMID: 27678455 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2016] [Revised: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The Mediator complex is a multiprotein assembly, which serves as a hub for diverse signaling pathways to regulate gene expression. Because gene expression is frequently altered in cancer, a systematic understanding of the Mediator complex in malignancies could foster the development of novel targeted therapeutic approaches.Experimental Design: We performed a systematic deconvolution of the Mediator subunit expression profiles across 23 cancer entities (n = 8,568) using data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). Prostate cancer-specific findings were validated in two publicly available gene expression cohorts and a large cohort of primary and advanced prostate cancer (n = 622) stained by immunohistochemistry. The role of CDK19 and CDK8 was evaluated by siRNA-mediated gene knockdown and inhibitor treatment in prostate cancer cell lines with functional assays and gene expression analysis by RNAseq.Results: Cluster analysis of TCGA expression data segregated tumor entities, indicating tumor-type-specific Mediator complex compositions. Only prostate cancer was marked by high expression of CDK19 In primary prostate cancer, CDK19 was associated with increased aggressiveness and shorter disease-free survival. During cancer progression, highest levels of CDK19 and of its paralog CDK8 were present in metastases. In vitro, inhibition of CDK19 and CDK8 by knockdown or treatment with a selective CDK8/CDK19 inhibitor significantly decreased migration and invasion.Conclusions: Our analysis revealed distinct transcriptional expression profiles of the Mediator complex across cancer entities indicating differential modes of transcriptional regulation. Moreover, it identified CDK19 and CDK8 to be specifically overexpressed during prostate cancer progression, highlighting their potential as novel therapeutic targets in advanced prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res; 23(7); 1829-40. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Brägelmann
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Niklas Klümper
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Anne Offermann
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Anne von Mässenhausen
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Diana Böhm
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Mario Deng
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Angela Queisser
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Christine Sanders
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Isabella Syring
- Section for Prostate Cancer Research, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Clinic for Urology and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Axel S Merseburger
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Wenzel Vogel
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Sievers
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ignacija Vlasic
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Jessica Carlsson
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Ove Andrén
- Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Peter Brossart
- Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Hematology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Duensing
- Molecular Uro-oncology, Department of Urology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria A Svensson
- Department of Research and Education, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Zaki Shaikhibrahim
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany
| | - Jutta Kirfel
- Institute of Pathology, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Center for Integrated Oncology Cologne/Bonn, University Hospital of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Sven Perner
- Pathology of the University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck and the Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Center for Medicine and Biosciences, Lübeck and Borstel, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Insulin-independent GLUT4 translocation in proliferative vascular smooth muscle cells involves SM22α. J Mol Med (Berl) 2016; 95:181-192. [DOI: 10.1007/s00109-016-1468-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
|
31
|
Genome-wide landscape of DNA methylomes and their relationship with mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes in oxidative and glycolytic skeletal muscles. Sci Rep 2016; 6:32186. [PMID: 27561200 PMCID: PMC4999948 DOI: 10.1038/srep32186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The physiological, biochemical and functional differences between oxidative and glycolytic muscles play important roles in human metabolic health and in animal meat quality. To explore these differences, we determined the genome-wide landscape of DNA methylomes and their relationship with the mRNA and miRNA transcriptomes of the oxidative muscle psoas major (PMM) and the glycolytic muscle longissimus dorsi (LDM). We observed the hypo-methylation of sub-telomeric regions. A high mitochondrial content contributed to fast replicative senescence in PMM. The differentially methylated regions (DMRs) in promoters (478) and gene bodies (5,718) were mainly enriched in GTPase regulator activity and signaling cascade-mediated pathways. Integration analysis revealed that the methylation status within gene promoters (or gene bodies) and miRNA promoters was negatively correlated with mRNA and miRNA expression, respectively. Numerous genes were closely related to distinct phenotypic traits between LDM and PMM. For example, the hyper-methylation and down-regulation of HK-2 and PFKFB4 were related to decrease glycolytic potential in PMM. In addition, promoter hypo-methylation and the up-regulation of miR-378 silenced the expression of the target genes and promoted capillary biosynthesis in PMM. Together, these results improve understanding of muscle metabolism and development from genomic and epigenetic perspectives.
Collapse
|
32
|
Ali M, Heyob K, Jacob NK, Rogers LK. Alterative Expression and Localization of Profilin 1/VASPpS157 and Cofilin 1/VASPpS239 Regulates Metastatic Growth and Is Modified by DHA Supplementation. Mol Cancer Ther 2016; 15:2220-31. [PMID: 27496138 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-16-0092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Profilin 1, cofilin 1, and vasodialator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP) are actin-binding proteins (ABP) that regulate actin remodeling and facilitate cancer cell metastases. miR-17-92 is highly expressed in metastatic tumors and profilin1 and cofilin1 are predicted targets. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) inhibits cancer cell proliferation and adhesion. These studies tested the hypothesis that the metastatic phenotype is driven by changes in ABPs including alternative phosphorylation and/or changes in subcellular localization. In addition, we tested the efficacy of DHA supplementation to attenuate or inhibit these changes. Human lung cancer tissue sections were analyzed for F-actin content and expression and cellular localization of profilin1, cofilin1, and VASP (S157 or S239 phosphorylation). The metastatic phenotype was investigated in A549 and MLE12 cells lines using 8 Br-cAMP as a metastasis inducer and DHA as a therapeutic agent. Migration was assessed by wound assay and expression measured by Western blot and confocal analysis. miR-17-92 expression was measured by qRT-PCR. Results indicated increased expression and altered cellular distribution of profilin1/VASP(pS157), but no changes in cofilin1/VASP(pS239) in the human malignant tissues compared with normal tissues. In A549 and MLE12 cells, the expression patterns of profilin1/VASP(pS157) or cofilin1/VASP(pS239) suggested an interaction in regulation of actin dynamics. Furthermore, DHA inhibited cancer cell migration and viability, ABP expression and cellular localization, and modulated expression of miR-17-92 in A549 cells with minimal effects in MLE12 cells. Further investigations are warranted to understand ABP interactions, changes in cellular localization, regulation by miR-17-92, and DHA as a novel therapeutic. Mol Cancer Ther; 15(9); 2220-31. ©2016 AACR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mehboob Ali
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio.
| | - Kathryn Heyob
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | | | - Lynette K Rogers
- Center for Perinatal Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio. Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Schaeffer E, Vigneron M, Sibler AP, Oulad-Abdelghani M, Chatton B, Donzeau M. ATF7 is stabilized during mitosis in a CDK1-dependent manner and contributes to cyclin D1 expression. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:2655-66. [PMID: 26101806 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1064568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The transcription factor ATF7 undergoes multiple post-translational modifications, each of which has distinct effects upon ATF7 function. Here, we show that ATF7 phosphorylation on residue Thr112 exclusively occurs during mitosis, and that ATF7 is excluded from the condensed chromatin. Both processes are CDK1/cyclin B dependent. Using a transduced neutralizing monoclonal antibody directed against the Thr112 epitope in living cells, we could demonstrate that Thr112 phosphorylation protects endogenous ATF7 protein from degradation, while it has no effect on the displacement of ATF7 from the condensed chromatin. The crucial role of Thr112 phosphorylation in stabilizing ATF7 protein during mitosis was confirmed using phospho-mimetic and phospho-deficient mutants. Finally, silencing ATF7 by CRISPR/Cas9 technology leads to a decrease of cyclin D1 protein expression levels. We propose that mitotic stabilized ATF7 protein re-localizes onto chromatin at the end of telophase and contributes to induce the cyclin D1 gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Schaeffer
- a Université de Strasbourg; UMR7242 Biotechnologie et Signalisation Cellulaire; Ecole Supérieure de Biotechnologie de Strasbourg ; Illkirch Cedex , France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Leguen I, Le Cam A, Montfort J, Peron S, Fautrel A. Transcriptomic Analysis of Trout Gill Ionocytes in Fresh Water and Sea Water Using Laser Capture Microdissection Combined with Microarray Analysis. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0139938. [PMID: 26439495 PMCID: PMC4595143 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0139938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish gills represent a complex organ composed of several cell types that perform multiple physiological functions. Among these cells, ionocytes are implicated in the maintenance of ion homeostasis. However, because the ionocyte represents only a small percent of whole gill tissue, its specific transcriptome can be overlooked among the numerous cell types included in the gill. The objective of this study is to better understand ionocyte functions by comparing the RNA expression of this cell type in freshwater and seawater acclimated rainbow trout. To realize this objective, ionocytes were captured from gill cryosections using laser capture microdissection after immunohistochemistry. Then, transcriptome analyses were performed on an Agilent trout oligonucleotide microarray. Gene expression analysis identified 108 unique annotated genes differentially expressed between freshwater and seawater ionocytes, with a fold change higher than 3. Most of these genes were up-regulated in freshwater cells. Interestingly, several genes implicated in ion transport, extracellular matrix and structural cellular proteins appeared up-regulated in freshwater ionocytes. Among them, several ion transporters, such as CIC2, SLC26A6, and NBC, were validated by qPCR and/or in situ hybridization. The latter technique allowed us to localize the transcripts of these ion transporters in only ionocytes and more particularly in the freshwater cells. Genes involved in metabolism and also several genes implicated in transcriptional regulation, cell signaling and the cell cycle were also enhanced in freshwater ionocytes. In conclusion, laser capture microdissection combined with microarray analysis allowed for the determination of the transcriptional signature of scarce cells in fish gills, such as ionocytes, and aided characterization of the transcriptome of these cells in freshwater and seawater acclimated trout.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Leguen
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
- * E-mail:
| | - Aurélie Le Cam
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
| | | | - Sandrine Peron
- INRA, UR1037 Fish Physiology and Genomics, Rennes, France
| | - Alain Fautrel
- INSERM UMR991, Rennes, France
- Université de Rennes 1 Plateforme H2P2, Biosit, Rennes, France
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Sayar N, Karahan G, Konu O, Bozkurt B, Bozdogan O, Yulug IG. Transgelin gene is frequently downregulated by promoter DNA hypermethylation in breast cancer. Clin Epigenetics 2015; 7:104. [PMID: 26421063 PMCID: PMC4587865 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-015-0138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CpG hypermethylation in gene promoters is a frequent mechanism of tumor suppressor gene silencing in various types of cancers. It usually occurs at early steps of cancer progression and can be detected easily, giving rise to development of promising biomarkers for both detection and progression of cancer, including breast cancer. 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine (AZA) is a DNA demethylating and anti-cancer agent resulting in induction of genes suppressed via DNA hypermethylation. Results Using microarray expression profiling of AZA- or DMSO-treated breast cancer and non-tumorigenic breast (NTB) cells, we identified for the first time TAGLN gene as a target of DNA hypermethylation in breast cancer. TAGLN expression was significantly and frequently downregulated via promoter DNA hypermethylation in breast cancer cells compared to NTB cells, and also in 13/21 (61.9 %) of breast tumors compared to matched normal tissues. Analyses of public microarray methylation data showed that TAGLN was also hypermethylated in 63.02 % of tumors compared to normal tissues; relapse-free survival of patients was worse with higher TAGLN methylation; and methylation levels could discriminate between tumors and healthy tissues with 83.14 % sensitivity and 100 % specificity. Additionally, qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry experiments showed that TAGLN expression was significantly downregulated in two more independent sets of breast tumors compared to normal tissues and was lower in tumors with poor prognosis. Colony formation was increased in TAGLN silenced NTB cells, while decreased in overexpressing BC cells. Conclusions TAGLN gene is frequently downregulated by DNA hypermethylation, and TAGLN promoter methylation profiles could serve as a future diagnostic biomarker, with possible clinical impact regarding the prognosis in breast cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-015-0138-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nilufer Sayar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gurbet Karahan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozlen Konu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Betul Bozkurt
- Department of General Surgery, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Onder Bozdogan
- Department of Pathology, Ankara Numune Training and Research Hospital, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Isik G Yulug
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Faculty of Science, TR-06800 Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Bu J, Bu X, Liu B, Chen F, Chen P. Increased Expression of Tissue/Salivary Transgelin mRNA Predicts Poor Prognosis in Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Med Sci Monit 2015; 21:2275-81. [PMID: 26242444 PMCID: PMC4530988 DOI: 10.12659/msm.893925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Transgelin is supposed to be a tumor suppression gene and it is down-regulated in a variety of human cancers. However, the role of transgelin in different cancers is still very controversial. In addition, currently little information is available the relationship between transgelin and Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). Material/Methods Western Blotting was performed to test the transgelin protein expression level in OSCC tissues and adjacent normal tissues. Real-time PCR was used to examine the expression level of transgelin mRNA in tissue, serum and saliva of OSCC patients and negative controls. The correlation between tissue and salivary transgelin mRNA expression level with a variety of clinical parameters was further studied. Results Transgelin protein expression was increased in OSCC patients compared with healthy individuals. Similarly, the expression level of both tissue and salivary transgelin mRNA were increased significantly in patients with OSCC in comparison with normal controls. However, little difference of serum transgelin mRNA expression was found between the OSCC patients and healthy controls. In addition, overexpression of tissue or salivary transgelin was closely associated with various clinical parameters including poorer overall survival. Furthermore, our results showed that tissue and salivary transgelin mRNA were independent prognosis factors for OSCC. Conclusions The expressions level of tissue mRNA and protein were increased in OSCC patients. Both tissue and salivary transgelin mRNA were closely correlated with various important clinicopathological parameters and were independent prognosis factors for OSCC, indicating they might serve promising biomarkers for OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingqiu Bu
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Xi Bu
- 5 Years of Clinical Medicine 97, The New Campus of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China (mainland)
| | - Bing Liu
- Department of Stomatology, The General Hospital of the Air Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army, Bejing, China (mainland)
| | - Fei Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Maleszewska M, Gjaltema RAF, Krenning G, Harmsen MC. Enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2) methyltransferase regulates transgelin/smooth muscle-22α expression in endothelial cells in response to interleukin-1β and transforming growth factor-β2. Cell Signal 2015; 27:1589-96. [PMID: 25917318 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2015.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 03/29/2015] [Accepted: 04/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Smooth muscle-22α (SM22α), encoded by transgelin (TAGLN), is expressed in mesenchymal lineage cells, including myofibroblasts and smooth muscle cells. It is an F-actin binding protein that regulates the organization of actin cytoskeleton, cellular contractility and motility. SM22α is crucial for the maintenance of smooth muscle cell phenotype and its function. SM22α is also expressed in the processes of mesenchymal transition of epithelial (EMT) or endothelial cells (EndMT). The expression of TAGLN/SM22α is induced by transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) signaling and enhanced by concomitant interleukin-1β (IL-1β) signaling. We investigated the epigenetic regulation of TAGLN expression by enhancer of zeste homolog-2 (EZH2), the methyltransferase of Polycomb, in the context of TGFβ and IL-1β signaling in endothelial cells. We demonstrate that the expression of EZH2 in endothelial cells was regulated by the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β. A decrease in both expression and activity of EZH2 led to an increase in TAGLN expression. Inhibition of EZH2 augmented TGFβ2-induced SM22α expression. The decrease of EZH2 levels in endothelial cells co-stimulated with IL-1β and TGFβ2 correlated with decreased H3K27me3 levels at the TAGLN proximal promoter. Moreover, the SM22α expression increased. Taken together, this suggests that EZH2 regulates the chromatin structure at the TAGLN promoter through tri-methylation of H3K27. EZH2 therefore acts as an epigenetic integrator of IL-1β and TGFβ2 signaling, providing an example of how cellular signaling can be resolved at the level of epigenetic regulation. Since IL-1β and TGFβ2 represent the pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic conditions during vascular fibroproliferative disease, we surmise that EZH2, as the molecule that integrates their signaling, could also be a promising target for development of future therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Maleszewska
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Rutger A F Gjaltema
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Guido Krenning
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martin C Harmsen
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Hanzeplein 1 (EA11), 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
The downregulation of miR-144 is associated with the growth and invasion of osteosarcoma cells through the regulation of TAGLN expression. Int J Mol Med 2014; 34:1565-72. [PMID: 25318625 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs or miRS) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of the majority of human malignancies, and the dysregulation of microRNA-144 (miR-144) has been associated with several diseases. However, the potential involvement of miR-144 in osteosarcoma, a common malignant bone tumor in children and adolescents with a high risk of relapse and metastasis, has not yet been fully investigated. In the present study, we examined the expression and roles of miRNAs in osteosarcoma as potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets, and we focused on miR-144 due to its known involvement in osteogenesis. We demonstrate that miR-144 is downregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and primary human osteosarcoma tissue samples and that its ectopic expression inhibits osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion. We identified TAGLN as a downstream target of miR-144 and demonstrated that its expression is upregulated in osteosarcoma cell lines and tumor tissue and is inversely correlated with miR-144 expression. Our results indicate that miR-144 may regulate osteosarcoma cell proliferation and invasion by downregulating its target gene, TAGLN, suggesting that miR-144 may be a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
Collapse
|
39
|
Chen R, Zhang F, Song L, Shu Y, Lin Y, Dong L, Nie X, Zhang D, Chen P, Han M. Transcriptome profiling reveals that the SM22α-regulated molecular pathways contribute to vascular pathology. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 72:263-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2014] [Revised: 03/20/2014] [Accepted: 04/04/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
|
40
|
Wang SH, Cheng CY, Chen CJ, Chen HH, Tang PC, Chen CF, Lee YP, Huang SY. Changes in protein expression in testes of L2 strain Taiwan country chickens in response to acute heat stress. Theriogenology 2014; 82:80-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2014.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/08/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
|
41
|
Dvorakova M, Nenutil R, Bouchal P. Transgelins, cytoskeletal proteins implicated in different aspects of cancer development. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 11:149-65. [PMID: 24476357 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.2014.860358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Transgelin is an abundant protein of smooth muscle cells, where its role has been primarily studied. As a protein affecting dynamics of the actin cytoskeleton via stabilization of actin filaments, transgelin is both directly and indirectly involved in many cancer-related processes such as migration, proliferation, differentiation or apoptosis. Transgelin was previously reviewed as a tumor suppressor; however, recent data based on a number of proteomics studies indicate its pro-tumorigenic role, for example, in colorectal or hepatocellular cancer. We summarize these contradictory observations in both clinical and functional proteomics projects and analyze the role of transgelin in tumors in detail. Generally, the expression and biological role of transgelin seem to differ among various types of tumor cells and stroma, and possibly change during tumor progression. We also overview the recent data on transgelin-2, a sequence homolog of transgelin, whose role in the tumor development might be contradictory to the role of transgelin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monika Dvorakova
- Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Regional Centre for Applied Molecular Oncology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Gharechahi J, Pakzad M, Mirshavaladi S, Sharifitabar M, Baharvand H, Salekdeh GH. The effect of Rho-associated kinase inhibition on the proteome pattern of dissociated human embryonic stem cells. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2014; 10:640-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c3mb70255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
43
|
Chunhua L, Donglan L, Xiuqiong F, Lihua Z, Qin F, Yawei L, Liang Z, Ge W, Linlin J, Ping Z, Kun L, Xuegang S. Apigenin up-regulates transgelin and inhibits invasion and migration of colorectal cancer through decreased phosphorylation of AKT. J Nutr Biochem 2013; 24:1766-75. [PMID: 23773626 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2013.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2012] [Revised: 03/07/2013] [Accepted: 03/19/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Apigenin is a flavonoid that possesses various clinically relevant properties such as anti-tumour, anti-platelet and anti-inflammatory activities. Our results showed that apigenin has anti-proliferation, anti-invasion and anti-migration effects in three kinds of colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, namely SW480, DLD-1 and LS174T. Proteomic analysis with SW480 indicated that apigenin up-regulated the expression of transgelin (TAGLN) in mitochondria to exert its anti-tumour growth and anti-metastasis effects. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RQ-PCR) and western blot confirm the up-regulation in all the three colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. An inverse correlation was observed between TAGLN expression and CRC metastasis in tissue microarray staining. TAGLN siRNA increased the viability of SW480. Apigenin decreased the expression of MMP-9 in a dose-dependent manner. Transfection of three truncated forms of TAGLN and wild type has identified TAGLN as a repressor of MMP-9 expression. A synergetic effect was observed in overexpression of TAGLN wild type and apigenin treatment which manifested as lowered phosphorylation of AKT Ser473 and ATK Thr308. In an orthotopic CRC model, apigenin inhibited tumour growth and metastasis to liver and lung. In conclusion, our research provided direct evidence that apigenin inhibited tumour growth and metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Apigenin up-regulated TAGLN and hence down-regulated MMP-9 expression through decreasing phosphorylation of Akt at Ser473 and in particular Thr308 to prevent cell proliferation and migration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Chunhua
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; Taishan People's Hospital, Taishan 529200, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Tandon P, Miteva YV, Kuchenbrod LM, Cristea IM, Conlon FL. Tcf21 regulates the specification and maturation of proepicardial cells. Development 2013; 140:2409-21. [PMID: 23637334 DOI: 10.1242/dev.093385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The epicardium is a mesothelial cell layer essential for vertebrate heart development and pertinent for cardiac repair post-injury in the adult. The epicardium initially forms from a dynamic precursor structure, the proepicardial organ, from which cells migrate onto the heart surface. During the initial stage of epicardial development crucial epicardial-derived cell lineages are thought to be determined. Here, we define an essential requirement for transcription factor Tcf21 during early stages of epicardial development in Xenopus, and show that depletion of Tcf21 results in a disruption in proepicardial cell specification and failure to form a mature epithelial epicardium. Using a mass spectrometry-based approach we defined Tcf21 interactions and established its association with proteins that function as transcriptional co-repressors. Furthermore, using an in vivo systems-based approach, we identified a panel of previously unreported proepicardial precursor genes that are persistently expressed in the epicardial layer upon Tcf21 depletion, thereby confirming a primary role for Tcf21 in the correct determination of the proepicardial lineage. Collectively, these studies lead us to propose that Tcf21 functions as a transcriptional repressor to regulate proepicardial cell specification and the correct formation of a mature epithelial epicardium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Panna Tandon
- University of North Carolina McAllister Heart Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3280, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Yu B, Chen X, Li J, Qu Y, Su L, Peng Y, Huang J, Yan J, Yu Y, Gu Q, Zhu Z, Liu B. Stromal fibroblasts in the microenvironment of gastric carcinomas promote tumor metastasis via upregulating TAGLN expression. BMC Cell Biol 2013; 14:17. [PMID: 23510049 PMCID: PMC3610155 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2121-14-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblasts play a critical role in tumorigenesis, tumor progression and metastasis. However, their detailed molecular characteristics and clinical significance are still elusive. TAGLN is an actin-binding protein that plays an important role in tumorigenesis. Results We investigated the interaction between cancer cells and the tumor microenvironment to determine how the fibroblasts from human gastric carcinoma facilitate tumorigenesis through TAGLN. QRT-PCR and Western blot indicated that TAGLN expression was upregulated in gastric carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that promote gastric cancer cell migration and invasion. Using small interfering RNA (siRNA), we found that CAFs enhanced tumor metastasis through upregulated TAGLN in vitro and in vivo. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) was significantly lower after TAGLN knock-down by siRNA. TAGLN levels were elevated in human gastric cancer stroma than normal gastric stroma and associated with differentiation and lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. Conclusion CAFs may promote gastric cancer cell migration and invasion via upregulating TAGLN and TAGLN induced MMP-2 production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Beiqin Yu
- Key Laboratory of Shanghai Gastric Neoplasms, Department of Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Xie XL, Liu YB, Liu YP, Du BL, Li Y, Han M, Li BH. Reduced expression of SM22 is correlated with low autophagy activity in human colorectal cancer. Pathol Res Pract 2013; 209:237-43. [PMID: 23538046 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2012] [Revised: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignancy with a high incidence and mortality rate. Recent studies have pointed to deregulation of autophagy as a novel pathogenesis of human malignancy. SM22 is considered as a tumor suppressor. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of the SM22 expression level with the autophagy activity and the clinical characteristics in human CRC tissues. The expressions of SM22 and p62, a biomarker of autophagy activity, in paired tumor and adjacent non-tumor tissues from 43 patients with colorectal cancer were detected by western blot and immunohistochemical staining, respectively. The results showed that the SM22 level decreased significantly in 81.4% CRC tissues, while the expression of p62 increased in 79.1% cases. There was a negative correlation between p62 and SM22 expressions in colorectal cancer tissues (p=0.004). Similarly, the negative correlation between SM22 and p62 was verified in human CRC cell lines. The data suggest that the autophagy activity decreased in human CRC, which was associated with reduction in SM22 expression. However, the expression of SM22 was not associated with the gender, tumor site and Duke's stage of the patients. In conclusion, our findings suggest that the disruption of SM22 may be involved in tumorigenesis in CRC. The autophagic activity may be suppressed in human CRC, and SM22 may act as a positive regulator in the processes of autophagy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Medical Biotechnology of Hebei Province, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Li Q, Shi R, Wang Y, Niu X. TAGLN suppresses proliferation and invasion, and induces apoptosis of colorectal carcinoma cells. Tumour Biol 2012; 34:505-13. [PMID: 23138394 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-012-0575-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2012] [Accepted: 10/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to find the correlation between transgelin gene (TAGLN) and colorectal carcinoma occurrence, we investigated the expression of TAGLN in colorectal carcinoma tissue samples and colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells. Meanwhile, the effects of TAGLN on the characteristics of LoVo cells were also examined. The expressions of TAGLN in colorectal carcinoma tissues, adjacent normal tissues, and LoVo cells were detected by the Western blot method. The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3.1-TAGLN was established and transfected into LoVo cells with the help of Lipofectamine™ 2000. At the same time, the TAGLN siRNA was transfected into LoVo cells in another group. Forty-eight hours later, the expressions of TAGLN in all groups were assayed by Western blot, and the cell viability was analyzed by MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. The cell cycle and cell apoptosis were examined by flow cytometry, and the cell invasive ability was analyzed by Transwell invasion experiment. The effect of TALGN on the expression of matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) was detected by Western blot. Western blot analysis showed that the expressions of TALGN in colorectal carcinoma tissues and LoVo cells were significantly decreased compared with colorectal carcinoma adjacent normal tissues (p < 0.01). In the overexpression or RNAi experiments, the plasmid pcDNA3.1-TAGLN significantly enhanced TALGN expression (p < 0.01), and TAGLN siRNA significantly decreased TAGLN expression (p < 0.01) in LoVo cells 48 h after transfection. In addition, MTT assay indicated that the cell viability of LoVo cells in the pcDNA3.1-TAGLN transfection group was significantly lower than that in the untransfected control group (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the overexpression of TAGLN significantly lowered the cell proliferation index (p < 0.05) and improved cell apoptosis (p < 0.01) in LoVo cells. In Transwell invasive experiments, the cell number, which had migrated through the chamber membrane, significantly decreased in the pcDNA3.1-TAGLN transfection group (p < 0.05) and significantly increased in the TAGLN knockdown group (p < 0.05) compared to the untransfected control group. At the same time, the expression of MMP9 was notably inhibited in the pcDNA3.1-TAGLN transfection group (p < 0.01). The expressions of TAGLN were inhibited in colorectal carcinoma tissues and colorectal carcinoma LoVo cells. The study also demonstrated that TAGLN could attenuate the proliferation and invasive ability of LoVo cells and enhance LoVo cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the expression of MMP9 was also inhibited by TAGLN. All these results could bring us a new perspective for biological therapy in colorectal carcinoma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qinmin Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, 210029, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Fang YY, Su H, Zhou HM, Lin Y. Construction of a eukaryotic expression vector carrying tagln and establishment of a cell line stably expressing tagln. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2012; 20:2397-2403. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v20.i25.2397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To construct a eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying tagln (the gene encoding transgelin) and establish the human colon carcinoma cell line RKO stably expressing tagln.
METHODS: Using the Gateway Technology, a BP recombination reaction was performed using a construct carrying the tagln gene (pOTB7-TAGLN-mut) and a donor vector (pDONR221) to create an entry clone (pDONR221-TAGLN-mut). An LR recombination reaction was then performed between the entry clone and the destination vector (pcDNA6.2/EmGFP-Bsd/V5-DEST) to generate a recombinant plasmid (pcDNA6.2/EmGFP-Bsd/V5-TAGLN-mut). The recombinant plasmid was confirmed by sequencing. Lipofectamine-mediated transfection was performed in RKO cells and stable transfectants were selected. The stable expression of tagln in RKO cells was validated by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Matrigel invasion assay was performed with these stable cell lines.
RESULTS: Sequencing analysis showed that tagln was successfully inserted into the pcDNA6.2/EmGFP-Bsd/V5-DEST plasmid. Real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting indicated that the expression of tagln increased remarkably in RKO cells transfected with the pcDNA6.2/EmGFP-Bsd/V5-TAGLN-mut plasmid (RKO-TAGLN cells) as compared to those transfected with the control vector (RKO-CTRL cells) and non-transfected RKO cells (relative mRNA expression levels 45.58 ± 12.79, 1.32 ± 0.43 vs 1, both P < 0.01; protein expression levels: 1.69 ± 0.04, 0.29 ± 0. 05 vs 0.29 ± 0.04, both P < 0.01). Overexpression of tagln increased cell invasion by 161.76% ± 61.18% in RKO cells (P < 0.01).
CONCLUSION: A eukaryotic expression plasmid carrying tagln has been successfully generated and a RKO cell line stably expressing tagln has been established. These lay a foundation for further research of the role of transgelin in human colon carcinoma.
Collapse
|