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de Pontual H, MacKenzie KM, Tabouret H, Daverat F, Mahé K, Pecheyran C, Hüssy K. Heterogeneity of otolith chemical composition from two-dimensional mapping: Relationship with biomineralization mechanisms and implications for microchemistry analyses. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2024; 104:20-33. [PMID: 37697461 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.15561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
Although otoliths are widely used as archives to infer life-history traits and habitat use in fishes, their biomineralization process remains poorly understood. This lack of knowledge is problematic as it can lead to misinterpretation of the different types of signals (e.g., optical or chemical) that provide basic data for research in fish ecology, fisheries management, and species conservation. Otolith calcification relies on a complex system involving a pericrystalline fluid, the endolymph, whose organic and inorganic compositions are spatially heterogeneous for some constituents. This property stems from the particular structure of the calcifying saccular epithelium. In this study, we explored the spatial heterogeneity of elemental incorporation in otoliths for two species of high economic interest, European hake Merluccius merluccius (L. 1758) and European sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L. 1758). Two-dimensional mappings of chemical elements were obtained using UV high-repetition-rate femtosecond laser ablation (fs-LA) system coupled to a high-resolution inductively coupled plasma sector field mass spectrometer analyses on transverse sections of sagittae. Results highlighted a clear asymmetry between proximal (sulcus) and distal (antisulcus) concentrations for elements such as magnesium (Mg), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), and potassium (K) with concentration gradient directions that varied depending on the element. Strontium (Sr) and barium (Ba) did not show a proximo-distal gradient. These results are discussed in light of current knowledge on the endolymph composition and the mechanisms that lead to its compartmentalization, highlighting the need for further research on otolith biomineralization. Operational implications for studies based on otolith chemical composition are also discussed with emphasis on advice for sampling strategies to avoid analytical biases and the need for in-depth analyses of analytical settings before comparing otolith signatures between species or geographical areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène de Pontual
- Ifremer DECOD (Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability), Ifremer, INRAE, Institut Agro, Centre Bretagne, HALGO, LBH, Plouzané, France
| | - Kirsteen M MacKenzie
- Ifremer HMMN (Channel and North Sea Fisheries Research Unit), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Hélène Tabouret
- UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Avenue de l'Université, Pau, France
| | | | - Kélig Mahé
- Ifremer HMMN (Channel and North Sea Fisheries Research Unit), Boulogne-sur-Mer, France
| | - Christophe Pecheyran
- UMR 5254, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA), Avenue de l'Université, Pau, France
| | - Karin Hüssy
- National Institute of Aquatic Resources, Section for Oceans and Arctic, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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2
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Mateus AP, Costa RA, Sadoul B, Bégout ML, Cousin X, Canario AV, Power DM. Thermal imprinting during embryogenesis modifies skin repair in juvenile European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 134:108647. [PMID: 36842641 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fish skin is a multifunctional tissue that develops during embryogenesis, a developmental stage highly susceptible to epigenetic marks. In this study, the impact of egg incubation temperature on the regeneration of a cutaneous wound caused by scale removal in juvenile European sea bass was evaluated. Sea bass eggs were incubated at 11, 13.5 and 16 °C until hatching and then were reared at a common temperature until 9 months when the skin was damaged and sampled at 0, 1 and 3 days after scale removal and compared to the intact skin from the other flank. Skin damage elicited an immediate significant (p < 0.001) up-regulation of pcna in fish from eggs incubated at higher temperatures. In fish from eggs incubated at 11 °C there was a significant (p < 0.001) up-regulation of krt2 compared to fish from higher thermal backgrounds 1 day after skin damage. Damaged epidermis was regenerated after 3 days in all fish irrespective of the thermal background, but in fish from eggs incubated at 11 °C the epidermis was significantly (p < 0.01) thinner compared to other groups, had less goblet cells and less melanomacrophages. The thickness of the dermis increased during regeneration of wounded skin irrespective of the thermal background and by 3 days was significantly (p < 0.01) thicker than the dermis from the intact flank. The expression of genes for ECM remodelling (mmp9, colXα, col1α1, sparc, and angptl2b) and innate immunity (lyg1, lalba, sod1, csf-1r and pparγ) changed during regeneration but were not affected by egg thermal regime. Overall, the results indicate that thermal imprinting of eggs modifies the damage-repair response in juvenile sea bass skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Mateus
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rita A Costa
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Bastien Sadoul
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, INRAE, 34250, Palavas-Les-Flots, France; DECOD, Ecosystem Dynamics and Sustainability, Institut Agro, Ifremer, INRAE, Rennes, France
| | - Marie-Laure Bégout
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, INRAE, 34250, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Xavier Cousin
- MARBEC, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, Ifremer, IRD, INRAE, 34250, Palavas-Les-Flots, France
| | - Adelino Vm Canario
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; International Institution of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; International Institution of Marine Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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3
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Motamedi M, Teimori A, Esmaeili MR, Mostafavi H. Evaluation of scale development and its regeneration potency in the desert killifish under laboratory conditions. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY. PART B, MOLECULAR AND DEVELOPMENTAL EVOLUTION 2022; 340:329-336. [PMID: 36567434 DOI: 10.1002/jez.b.23185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Scale development and its regeneration potency were evaluated in a desert killifish Aphaniops hormuzensis (family Aphaniidae) in laboratory conditions by using light and scanning electron microscopy. Scale development in A. hormuzensis took 156 days at room temperature. Four specific regions of scale formation were detected. The first scale development began 13 days post-hatching (dph) (total length [TL] = 8.5 mm) at the caudal peduncle region and is extended anteriorly 26 dph (TL = 13.6 mm) at the area below the dorsal fin. Scales began forming independently in the head region at 33 dph (TL = 21.7 mm), and in the abdominal region, began at 41 dph (TL = 25.8 mm). Additional points of scale origin were detected on the sides of the operculum or behind and below the eyes. Scale regeneration in the caudal peduncle started 6 days after removal (dar). In 16 dar, the microstructural features appeared and the growth circles, a wide and oblong focus (focus length = 0.6 ± 0.05 µm), and lepidonts were also formed. In 36 dar, the scale shape was gradually changed from circular to a polygon, and radii were distinguishable in the anterior field. The pattern of scale formation could be useful in enhancing the understanding of systematics and phylogeny, functional morphology, and habitat use. It could also be useful in helping to define the Larval/juvenile transition period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mina Motamedi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Azad Teimori
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Esmaeili
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hossein Mostafavi
- Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Anderson KC, Ghosh B, Chetty T, Walker SP, Symonds JE, Nowak BF. Transcriptomic characterisation of a common skin lesion in farmed chinook salmon. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 124:28-38. [PMID: 35367374 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about host responses of farmed Chinook salmon with skin lesions, despite the lesions being associated with increased water temperatures and elevated mortality rates. To address this shortfall, a transcriptomic approach was used to characterise the molecular landscape of spot lesions, the most commonly reported lesion type in New Zealand Chinook salmon, versus healthy appearing skin in fish with and without spot lesions. Many biological (gene ontology) pathways were enriched in lesion adjacent tissue, relative to control skin tissue, including proteolysis, fin regeneration, calcium ion binding, mitochondrial transport, actin cytoskeleton organisation, epithelium development, and tissue development. In terms of specific transcripts of interest, pro-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin 1β and tumour necrosis factor), annexin A1, mucin 2, and calreticulin were upregulated, while cathepsin H, mucin 5AC, and perforin 1 were downregulated in lesion tissue. In some instances, changes in gene expression were consistent between lesion and healthy appearing skin from the same fish relative to lesion free fish, suggesting that host responses weren't limited to the site of the lesion. Goblet cell density in skin histological sections was not different between skin sample types. Collectively, these results provide insights into the physiological changes associated with common spot lesions in farmed Chinook salmon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelli C Anderson
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Newnham Campus, Private Bag 1370, Newnham, Tas, 7248, Australia.
| | - Bikramjit Ghosh
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Newnham Campus, Private Bag 1370, Newnham, Tas, 7248, Australia
| | - Thaveshini Chetty
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Newnham Campus, Private Bag 1370, Newnham, Tas, 7248, Australia
| | - Seumas P Walker
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| | - Jane E Symonds
- Cawthron Institute, 98 Halifax Street East, Nelson, 7010, New Zealand
| | - Barbara F Nowak
- Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania Newnham Campus, Private Bag 1370, Newnham, Tas, 7248, Australia.
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Costa RA, Olvera A, Power DM, Velez Z. Ocean acidification affects the expression of neuroplasticity and neuromodulation markers in seabream. Biol Open 2022; 11:274528. [PMID: 35199828 PMCID: PMC8935210 DOI: 10.1242/bio.059073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A possible explanation for acidification-induced changes in fish behaviour is that acidification interferes with neurogenesis and modifies the plasticity of neuronal circuitry in the brain. We tested the effects on the olfactory system and brain of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) to 4 weeks' exposure to ocean acidification (OA). Olfactory epithelium (OE) morphology changed shortly after OA exposure and persisted over the 4 weeks. Expression of genes related to olfactory transduction, neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity, GABAergic innervation, and cell proliferation were unchanged in the OE and olfactory bulb (OB) after 4 weeks' exposure. Short-term changes in the ionic content of plasma and extradural fluid (EDF) returned to control levels after 4 weeks' exposure, except for [Cl−], which remained elevated. This suggests that, in general, there is an early physiological response to OA and by 4 weeks a new homeostatic status is achieved. However, expression of genes involved in proliferation, differentiation and survival of undifferentiated neurons were modified in the brain. In the same brain areas, expression of thyroid hormone signalling genes was altered suggesting modifications in the thyroid-system may be linked to the changes in neuroplasticity and neurogenesis. Overall, the results of the current study are consistent with and effect of OA on neuroplasticity. Summary: Ocean acidification alters fish behaviour. We show altered expression of genes involved in neuroplasticity and neuromodulation in fish exposed to high PCO2, highlighting their possible roles in such behavioural alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Costa
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Aurora Olvera
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Zélia Velez
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology Group, Centre for Marine Sciences, University of Algarve, Campus of Gambelas, Building 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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Costa RA, Velez Z, Hubbard PC. GABA receptors in the olfactory epithelium of the gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). J Exp Biol 2022; 225:273980. [PMID: 35019993 DOI: 10.1242/jeb.243112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Exposure to high PCO2/low pH seawater induces behavioural alterations in fish; a possible explanation for this is a reversal of Cl-/HCO3- currents through GABAA receptors (the GABAA receptor theory). However, the main evidence for this is that gabazine, a GABAA receptor antagonist, reverses these effects when applied to the water, assuming that exposure to systems other than the CNS would be without effect. Here, we show the expression of both metabotropic and ionotropic GABA receptors, and the presence of GABAA receptor protein, in the olfactory epithelium (OE) of gilthead seabream. Furthermore, exposure of the OE to muscimol (a specific GABAA receptor agonist) increases or decreases the apparent olfactory sensitivity to some odorants. Thus, although the exact function of GABAA receptors in the OE is not yet clear, this may complicate the interpretation of studies wherein water-borne gabazine is used to reverse the effects of high CO2 levels on olfactory-driven behaviour in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Costa
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Zélia Velez
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Peter C Hubbard
- Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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7
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Colás-Ruiz NR, Ramirez G, Courant F, Gomez E, Hampel M, Lara-Martín PA. Multi-omic approach to evaluate the response of gilt-head sea bream (Sparus aurata) exposed to the UV filter sulisobenzone. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150080. [PMID: 34525742 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Sulisobenzone (BP-4) is one of the benzophenone type UV filters most frequently detected in aquatic ecosystems. As a suspected endocrine disrupting compound, scarce information is available yet about other molecular effects and its mechanism of action. Here, we used an integrated transcriptomic and metabolomic approach to improve the current understanding on the toxicity of BP-4 towards aquatic species. Gilt-head sea bream individuals were exposed at environmentally relevant concentrations (10 μg L-1) for 22 days. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 371 differentially expressed genes in liver while metabolomic analysis identified 123 differentially modulated features in plasma and 118 in liver. Integration of transcriptomic and metabolomic data showed disruption of the energy metabolism (>10 pathways related to the metabolism of amino acids and carbohydrates were impacted) and lipid metabolism (5 glycerophospholipids and the expression of 3 enzymes were affected), suggesting oxidative stress. We also observed, for the first time in vivo and at environmental relevant concentrations, the disruption of several enzymes involved in the steroid and thyroid hormones biosynthesis. DNA and RNA synthesis was also impacted by changes in the purine and pyrimidine metabolisms. Overall, the multiomic workflow presented here increases the evidence on suspected effects of BP-4 exposure and identifies additional modes of action of the compounds that could have been overlooked by using single omic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves R Colás-Ruiz
- Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences (CASEM), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Gaëlle Ramirez
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Courant
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Elena Gomez
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Miriam Hampel
- Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences (CASEM), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Pablo A Lara-Martín
- Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences (CASEM), University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
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8
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Ceballos-Francisco D, García-Carrillo N, Cuesta A, Esteban MÁ. Ultrasonography study of the skin wound healing process in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2021; 44:1091-1100. [PMID: 33760262 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This work aimed to carry out an in vivo study of the skin healing process in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) after being experimentally wounded. Firstly, the structure of normal skin was studied by real-time ultrasonography (Vevo Lab, VisualSonics) and light microscopy. Besides this, experimental wounds were made on the left flank of each fish with a circular biopsy punch (8 mm diameter) below the lateral line. The healing process was assessed on live fish at 0, 6, 11 and 23 days post-wounding using the real-time ultrasonography in B-mode and Power Doppler mode (Vevo 3100 FUJIFILM, VisualSonics). Through the ultrasonography images, both the skin structure and the evolution of the changes that wounds originated in the surrounding tissues were studied in vivo over time. Concomitantly, the pattern of neovascularization in the wounded area was followed during the healing process and it was demonstrated that, although the neovascularization started very early after the skin damage, it was increased in wounded areas from day 11 post-wounding onwards. The results obtained proved the utility and power of using ultrasounds in fish to evaluate in vivo complex biological processes in real time, which are difficult to study by other methodologies. The present data shed some light on the reparation of external injuries in aquatic vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ceballos-Francisco
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Nuria García-Carrillo
- Integrated Center for Biomedical Research (CEIB), Health Sciences Campus, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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9
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Mateus AP, Mourad M, Power DM. Skin damage caused by scale loss modifies the intestine of chronically stressed gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 118:103989. [PMID: 33385418 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2020.103989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to test if the damage caused by scale loss provokes a change in other innate immune barriers such as the intestine and how chronic stress affects this response. Sea bream (Sparus aurata) were kept in tanks at low density (16 kg m-3, LD) or exposed to a chronic high density (45 kg m-3, HD) stress for 4 weeks. Scales were then removed (approximately 50%) from the left flank in the LD and HD fish. Intestine samples (n = 8/group) were examined before and at 12 h, 3 days and 7 days after scale removal. Changes in the morphology of the intestine revealed that chronic stress and scale loss was associated with intestinal inflammation. Specifically, enterocyte height and the width of the lamina propria, submucosa and muscle layer were significantly increased (p < 0.05) 3 days after skin damage in fish under chronic stress (HD) compared to other treatments (LDWgut3d or HDgut0h). This was associated with a significant up-regulation (p < 0.05) in the intestine of gene transcripts for cell proliferation (pcna) and anti-inflammatory cytokine tgfβ1 and down-regulation of gene transcripts for the pro-inflammatory cytokines tnf-α and il1β (p < 0.05) in HD and LD fish 3 days after scale removal compared to the undamaged control (LDgut0h). Furthermore, a significant up-regulation of kit, a marker of mast cells, in the intestine of HDWgut3d and LDWgut3d fish suggests they may mediate the crosstalk between immune barriers. Skin damage induced an increase in cortisol levels in the anterior intestine in HDWgut12 h fish and significant (p < 0.05) down-regulation of mr expression, irrespective of stress. These results suggest glucocorticoid levels and signalling in the intestine of fish are modified by superficial cutaneous wounds and it likely modulates intestine inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Mateus
- Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
| | - Mona Mourad
- Laboratory of Fish Reproduction and Spawning, Aquaculture Division, National Institute of Oceanography & Fisheries, Kayet-bey, Al-Anfoushy, 21556, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centro de Ciências Do Mar (CCMAR), Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Universidade Do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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10
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Wound-Induced Changes in Antioxidant Enzyme Activities in Skin Mucus and in Gene Expression in the Skin of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata L.). FISHES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes6020015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the antioxidant enzyme activities in the skin mucus of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) at 3 and 7 days post-wounding (dpw). The expression levels of the genes that encode stress proteins (grp170, grp94, grp75, sod and hsp70) and skin regeneration-related proteins (tf, igf1, tgfb1, der1, apo1 and erdj3) in the skin also were determined. Mucus and skin samples were obtained from the left and right flanks of non-wounded and wounded fish. In both flanks of the wounded fish, catalase and glutathione reductase activities in the skin mucus increased (p < 0.05) at 3 and 7 dpw (100 ± 31% and 111 ± 25%, respectively), whereas superoxide dismutase activity increased (p < 0.05) only at 7 dpw (135 ± 15%). The expression levels of stress proteins in the skin of the wounded flank of the wounded fish mainly increased at 7 dpw (grp170 increased to 288 ± 85%, grp94 to 502 ± 143%, grp75 to 274 ± 69%, sod to 569 ± 99%, and hsp70 increased to 537 ± 14%) (p < 0.05). However, the expression levels of the tissue regeneration-related genes varied depending on the flank investigated, on the experimental time, and on the gene studied. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work to determine the effect of a wound in different skin parts of the same fish.
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Geladakis G, Somarakis S, Koumoundouros G. Differences in otolith shape and fluctuating-asymmetry between reared and wild gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata Linnaeus, 1758). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:277-286. [PMID: 33030741 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Otolith structure is a useful tool in discrimination among fish populations as it is a permanent record of the influence of endogenous and exogenous factors. In the present study we examined otolith morphology and fluctuating asymmetry (FA) for differences between wild-caught (by bottom trawl) and reared specimens of Gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Based on the frequency of regenerated scales (degree of scale regeneration, SRD) on each specimen, a threshold of 30% SRD was used to assign wild-caught fish individuals as wild (≤30% SRD, LR group) or as possible aquaculture escapees (>30% SRD, HR group). Based on the analysis of elliptic Fourier descriptors, significant differences were found in otolith shape between reared (Rr) and the wild-caught groups (LR, HR). Reared fish had otoliths with significantly larger perimeter (OP ) than wild-caught fish. Furthermore, FA was significantly higher in the Rr than the LR group for OP and all except one shape descriptors (harmonics 2-7). The HR group exhibited intermediate levels of FA between the low and high FA levels observed in the LR and Rr groups. Results are discussed in terms of the value of combining otolith and scale morphology for the identification of escapees in wild Gilthead seabream stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stylianos Somarakis
- Institute for Marine Biological Resources, Hellenic Centre for Marine Research, Heraklion, Greece
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12
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Jamieson L, Waters A, Ho KE, Chan HYS, Hung JT, Webb SE, Chan CM, Shipley AM, Williamson JG, Beer J, Angus C, Miller AL. Short-term homeostatic regulation of blood/interstitial fluid Ca 2+ concentration by the scales of anadromous sea trout Salmo trutta L. during smoltification and migration. JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2021; 98:17-32. [PMID: 32964432 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The elasmoid scales of anadromous sea trout Salmo trutta L. represent a significant internal reservoir of Ca2+ . Although more is known about long-term remodelling of scales in response to calciotropic challenges encountered during smoltification and migration, very little is known about the contribution made by scales to the short-term, minute-to-minute regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis in the extracellular fluid (ECF) during these phases of the life cycle. This gap in the knowledge is partly due to the technical challenges involved in measuring small Ca2+ fluxes around the scales of live fish in real time. Here, this study describes exfoliating, mounting and culturing scales and their resident cells from parr, smolt and adult sea trout from a freshwater environment, as well as from adult sea trout caught in sea or brackish water. All the scales were then examined using an extracellular, non-invasive, surface-scanning Ca2+ -sensitive microelectrode. The authors quantified the Ca2+ fluxes, in the absence of any systemic or local regulators, into and out of scales on both the episquamal and hyposquamal sides under different extracellular calcemic challenges set to mimic a variety of ECF-Ca2+ concentrations. Scales from the life-cycle stages as well as from adult fish taken from sea, brackish or fresh water all showed a consistent efflux or influx of Ca2+ under hypo- or hypercalcemic conditions, respectively. What were considered to be isocalcemic conditions resulted in minimal flux of Ca2+ in either direction, or in the case of adult scales, a consistent but small influx. Indeed, adult scales appeared to display the largest flux densities in either direction. These new data extend the current understanding of the role played by fish scales in the short-term, minute-to-minute homeostatic regulation of ECF-Ca2+ concentration, and are similar to those recently reported from zebrafish Danio rerio scales. This suggests that this short-term regulatory response might be a common feature of teleost scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanna Jamieson
- North Atlantic Fisheries College Marine Centre, University of the Highlands and Islands, Scalloway, UK
| | - Angel Waters
- College of Arts and Sciences, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine, USA
| | - Kaitlyn E Ho
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Harvey Y S Chan
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jacky T Hung
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Sarah E Webb
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ching Man Chan
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alan M Shipley
- Applicable Electronics, LLC, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | | | - Jon Beer
- The Wild Trout Trust, Hampshire, UK
| | - Chevonne Angus
- North Atlantic Fisheries College Marine Centre, University of the Highlands and Islands, Scalloway, UK
| | - Andrew L Miller
- Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory for Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
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13
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Chen Z, Ceballos-Francisco D, Guardiola FA, Huang D, Esteban MÁ. Skin wound healing in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) fed diets supplemented with arginine. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 104:347-358. [PMID: 32544556 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.06.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Dietary administration of arginine on the wound healing process of gilthead seabream was studied. Two replicates of fish (n = 8) were fed with either a commercial diet [control diet (CON), no arginine added] and the CON diet supplemented with 1% arginine (ARG1) or with 2% arginine (ARG2) for 30 days. Afterward, half of the fish were sampled while the other half were injured and continued to be fed the same diet for an extra week. Results by image analysis showed that the wound closure rate was significantly improved in fish that were fed the ARG1 diet, compared with those in the CON group. After seven days of wound healing, the aminotransferase and creatine kinase levels in the serum and the protease and peroxidase activities in the skin mucus were down-regulated, while the immunoglobulin M level in the skin mucus was up-regulated in the ARG1 group after wounding and in the CON group before wounding. Compared with the CON diet, the ARG1 diet remarkedly depressed the gene expression of mpo, il-8, and tnf-α, and enhanced the gene expression of tgf-β1, igf-1, pcna, krt2, mmp9, fn1α, and colIα and the antioxidant enzyme cat in the skin tissues after wounding. Furthermore, compared with both the ARG1 and the CON groups, negative effects of the ARG2 diet on wound healing were demonstrated. In conclusion, a 1% arginine supplementation facilitates skin wound healing and prevents a systemic inflammation reaction by alleviating the inflammatory response and enhancing the re-epithelialization and ECM biosynthesis in skin wound sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichu Chen
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diana Ceballos-Francisco
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco A Guardiola
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Dong Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed (Ministry of Agriculture) & the Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ministry of Education), Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, PR China
| | - M Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Campus of International Excellence, Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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14
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Espinosa C, Esteban MÁ. Effect of dietary supplementation with yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae on skin, serum and liver of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L). JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY 2020; 97:869-881. [PMID: 32598025 DOI: 10.1111/jfb.14449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effect of dietary supplementation with Saccharomyces cerevisiae on gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) was studied. Four replicates of fish (n = 6) were fed with a commercial diet containing 0 (control, no yeast added) or 10 mg per kilogram of heat-killed (30 min, 60°C) S. cerevisiae. After 4 weeks, half of the fish (two replicates) were injured and continued with the same diet. At 3 and 7 days post-wounding, samples of blood, skin mucus, skin and liver were obtained from each fish. The results showed that calcium concentrations were significantly higher (with respect to control fish) in the serum from fish sampled at 3 days post-wounding, whereas antioxidant enzymes in the skin mucus were altered after wounding (at both 3 and 7 days). Histological analyses revealed oedema, signs of inflammation and white cell recruitment together with a reduction in the epidermis layer in the wounded regions of fish fed control diet. Yeast supplementation did not change growth performance and helped maintain the normal serum calcium concentrations in wounded fish. Furthermore, a reduction in inflammation around wounds in the animals fed yeast with respect to that fed control diet was evident in the histological study. Furthermore, increased levels of stress-related gene expression in liver and skin from wounded fish were obtained. Overall, yeast supplementation seemed to be a functional and appropriate dietary additive to improve skin recovery reducing the stress resulting from wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristóbal Espinosa
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Ángeles Esteban
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Immunobiology for Aquaculture Group, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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15
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Liu YY, Liu XK, Cui XD, Chen M, Li SH, He DD, Liu JH, Yuan L, Hu GZ, Pan YS. Characterization of pTS14, an IncF2:A1:B1 Plasmid Carrying tet(M) in a Salmonella enterica Isolate. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1523. [PMID: 32719670 PMCID: PMC7347964 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to explore the genetic and biological features of the tet(M)-harboring plasmid pTS14 in Salmonella enterica strain S14 isolated from a chicken fecal sample. Plasmid pTS14 was identified by conjugation, S1-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), Southern hybridization, and plasmid sequencing. The biological characteristics of pTS14 were assessed via stability, growth kinetics, and starvation survival experiments. Strain S14, belonging to ST3007, harbored a 119-kb tet(M)-bearing IncF2:A1:B1 conjugative plasmid pTS14. The plasmid pTS14 contained a novel transposon Tn6709 with the genetic structure IS26-tnpA1-tnpA2-Δorf13-LP-tet(M)-tnpX-ΔtnpR-IS26, and the resistance genes tet(B), tet(D), strAB, sul2, and blaTEM–1b. In addition, pTS14 was found to be highly stable in the recipient strain E. coli J53. The transconjugant TS14 exhibited a higher survival ratio than E. coli J53 under permanent starvation-induced stress. The tet(M)-bearing IncF2 epidemic plasmid lineage may accelerate the dissemination of tet(M) and other genes by coselection, which could constitute a potentially serious threat to clinical treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Kang Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Die Cui
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuai-Hua Li
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dan-Dan He
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jian-Hua Liu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Yuan
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Gong-Zheng Hu
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yu-Shan Pan
- College of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
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16
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Xiong Y, Dan C, Ren F, Su Z, Zhang Y, Mei J. Proteomic profiling of yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus fulvidraco) skin mucus identifies differentially-expressed proteins in response to Edwardsiella ictaluri infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 100:98-108. [PMID: 32142873 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fish mucus acts as a physiological and immunological barrier for maintaining normal fish physiology and conferring defense against pathogens infection. Here we report proteomic profiling of skin mucus of yellow catfish before and after E. ictaluri infection by Label-free LC-MS/MS approach. A total of 918 non-redundant proteins were identified from 54443 spectra referring to yellow catfish genome database. Further annotation via GO and KEGG database revealed complex protein composition of yellow catfish mucus. Besides structural proteins in mucus, a lot of immune-related proteins were retrieved, such as lectins, complement components, antibacterial peptides and immunoglobins. 133 differentially-expressed proteins (DEPs), including 76 up-regulated and 57 down-regulated proteins, were identified, most of which were enriched into 17 pathways centering on "immune system" category with 33 proteins involved. Consistently, significant proliferation of mucus-secreting goblet cells and CYPA-expressing cells were observed along outside of yellow catfish skin after E. ictaluri infection, indicating an enhanced immune response to E. ictaluri infection in yellow catfish skin mucus. The proteomic data provide systematic protein information to comprehensively understand the biological function of yellow catfish skin mucus in response to bacterial infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiong
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Cheng Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Fan Ren
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - ZiHao Su
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Yibing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Disease Control of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.
| | - Jie Mei
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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17
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Ishizu H, Sekiguchi T, Ikari T, Kitamura KI, Kitani Y, Endo M, Urata M, Kinoshita Y, Hattori A, Srivastav AK, Mishima H, Mizusawa K, Takahashi A, Suzuki N. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone promotes bone resorption resulting from increased osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in goldfish. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2018; 262:99-105. [PMID: 29574148 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2018.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
We examined the effects of α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) on bone metabolism using regenerating goldfish scales. Normally developed scales on the bodies of goldfish were removed to allow the regeneration of scales under anesthesia. Thereafter, the influence of α-MSH on the regeneration of goldfish scales was investigated in vivo. In brief, α-MSH was injected at a low dose (0.1 μg/g body weight) or a high dose (1 μg/g body weight) into goldfish every other day. Ten days after removing the scales, we collected regenerating scales and analyzed osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities as respective marker enzyme (alkaline phosphatase for osteoblasts, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase for osteoclasts) activity in the regenerating scales as well as plasma calcium levels. At both doses, osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities in the regenerating scales increased significantly. Plasma calcium concentrations in the α-MSH-treated group (high doses) were significantly higher than those in the control group. Next, in vitro experiments were performed to confirm the results of in vivo experiments. In the cultured regenerating scales, osteoblastic and osteoclastic activities significantly increased with α-MSH (10-7 and 10-6 M) treatment. In addition, real-time PCR analysis indicated that osteoclastogenesis in α-MSH-treated scales was induced by the receptor activator of the NF-κB/receptor activator of the NF-κB ligand/osteoprotegerin pathway. Furthermore, we found that α-MSH receptors (melanocortin receptors 4 and 5) were detected in the regenerating scales. Thus, in teleosts, we are the first to demonstrate that α-MSH functions in bone metabolism and promotes bone resorption via melatonin receptors 4 and/or 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidenori Ishizu
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Toshio Sekiguchi
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ikari
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Kei-Ichiro Kitamura
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kodatsuno, Ishikawa 920-0942, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Kitani
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Masato Endo
- Department of Marine Biosciences, Division of Marine Science, Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan
| | - Makoto Urata
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan; Institute of Noto SATOUMI Education Research, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Yasuko Kinoshita
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan; Institute of Noto SATOUMI Education Research, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan
| | - Atsuhiko Hattori
- Department of Biology, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0827, Japan
| | - Ajai K Srivastav
- Department of Zoology, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur 273-009, India
| | - Hiroyuki Mishima
- Department of Dental Engineering, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-8501, Japan
| | - Kanta Mizusawa
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Takahashi
- School of Marine Biosciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Nobuo Suzuki
- Noto Marine Laboratory, Institute of Nature and Environmental Technology, Division of Marine Environmental Studies, Kanazawa University, Noto-cho, Ishikawa 927-0553, Japan.
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18
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Parreira B, Cardoso JCR, Costa R, Couto AR, Bruges-Armas J, Power DM. Persistence of the ABCC6 genes and the emergence of the bony skeleton in vertebrates. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6027. [PMID: 29662086 PMCID: PMC5902450 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24370-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The ATP-binding cassette transporter 6 (ABCC6) gene encodes a cellular transmembrane protein transporter (MRP6) that is involved in the regulation of tissue calcification in mammals. Mutations in ABCC6 are associated with human ectopic calcification disorders. To gain insight into its evolution and involvement in tissue calcification we conducted a comparative analysis of the ABCC6 gene and the related gene ABCC1 from invertebrates to vertebrates where a bony endoskeleton first evolved. Taking into consideration the role of ABCC6 in ectopic calcification of human skin we analysed the involvement of both genes in the regeneration of scales, mineralized structures that develop in fish skin. The ABCC6 gene was only found in bony vertebrate genomes and was absent from Elasmobranchs, Agnatha and from invertebrates. In teleost fish the abcc6 gene duplicated but the two genes persisted only in some teleost genomes. Six disease causing amino acid mutations in human MRP6 are a normal feature of abcc6 in fish, suggesting they do not have a deleterious effect on the protein. After scale removal the abcc6 (5 and 10 days) and abcc1 (10 days) gene expression was up-regulated relative to the intact control skin and this coincided with a time of intense scale mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Parreira
- Serviço Especializado de Epidemiologia e Biologia Molecular (SEEBMO), Hospital de Santo Espírito da Ilha Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - João C R Cardoso
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Rita Costa
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Couto
- Serviço Especializado de Epidemiologia e Biologia Molecular (SEEBMO), Hospital de Santo Espírito da Ilha Terceira, Azores, Portugal
| | - Jácome Bruges-Armas
- Serviço Especializado de Epidemiologia e Biologia Molecular (SEEBMO), Hospital de Santo Espírito da Ilha Terceira, Azores, Portugal.,CEDOC - Chronic Diseases Research Center, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Deborah M Power
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal. .,Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
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19
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Costa RA, Power DM. Skin and scale regeneration after mechanical damage in a teleost. Mol Immunol 2018; 95:73-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Revised: 01/20/2018] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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20
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Assessment of the Scales of Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata L.) by Image Analysis and Atomic Force Microscopy. FISHES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/fishes3010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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21
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Cordero H, Brinchmann MF, Cuesta A, Esteban MA. Chronic wounds alter the proteome profile in skin mucus of farmed gilthead seabream. BMC Genomics 2017; 18:939. [PMID: 29197330 PMCID: PMC5712093 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-017-4349-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Skin and its mucus are known to be the first barrier of defence against any external stressors. In fish, skin wounds frequently appear as a result of intensive culture and also some diseases have skin ulcers as external clinical signs. However, there is no information about the changes produced by the wounds in the mucosae. In the present paper, we have studied the alterations in the proteome map of skin mucus of gilthead seabream during healing of experimentally produced chronic wounds by 2-DE followed by LC-MS/MS. The corresponding gene expression changes of some identified skin proteins were also investigated through qPCR. Results Our study has successfully identified 21 differentially expressed proteins involved in immunity and stress processes as well as other metabolic and structural proteins and revealed, for the first time, that all are downregulated in the skin mucus of wounded seabream specimens. At transcript level, we found that four of nine markers (ighm, gst3, actb and krt1) were downregulated after causing the wounds while the rest of them remained unaltered in the wounded fish. Finally, ELISA analysis revealed that IgM levels were significantly lower in wounded fish compared to the control fish. Conclusions Our study revealed a decreased-expression at protein and for some transcripts at mRNA levels in wounded fish, which could affect the functionality of these molecules, and therefore, delay the wound healing process and increase the susceptibility to any infection after wounds in the skin of gilthead seabream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Cordero
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, 60064, USA.,Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049, Bodø, Norway
| | - Monica F Brinchmann
- Faculty of Biosciences and Aquaculture, Nord University, 8049, Bodø, Norway.
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María A Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
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22
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Ceballos-Francisco D, Cordero H, Guardiola FA, Cuesta A, Esteban MÁ. Healing and mucosal immunity in the skin of experimentally wounded gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 71:210-219. [PMID: 29017945 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 10/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Skin lesions are very common in fisheries, increasing the risk of pathogens entering through the wounded skin of the fish. In the present assay, the progression of wound healing was studied over a 7 day period in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.) after making experimental wounds in two different locations: above (group A) or below (group B) the lateral line. Macroscopic observation confirmed faster wound healing of the wounds of fish from group B. Furthermore, several immune-related components were studied in the skin mucus of wounded fish to ascertain whether wounding altered the mucus composition compared with the values obtained from non-wounded fish (group C, control). Significant variations were detected depending on both the site of the wound and the studied parameter. At the same time, the gene expression profile of several immune-relevant genes, including pro-inflammatory (il1b,il6, tnfa), anti-inflamamtory (tgfb, il10), immunoglobulins (ighm, ight), involved in oxidative stress (sod, cat) and in skin regeneration (krt1and grhl1) were studied in the three groups of fish (A, B and C). The results throw further light on the complex process of skin wound healing in fish, since substantial changes in the skin mucus and in the skin gene expression originated by the presence of wounds were observed. This work underline some important differences depending on the place of the fish body where the wound is located. Of particular note was the fact that such changes depended on the site of the wound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ceballos-Francisco
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Héctor Cordero
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco A Guardiola
- Fish Nutrition & Immunobiology Group, Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental (CIIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos s/n, 4450-208, Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Cuesta
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Ángeles Esteban
- Fish Innate Immune System Group, Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Faculty of Biology, University of Murcia, 30100, Murcia, Spain.
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23
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Pinto PI, Thorne MA, Power DM. European sea bass ( Dicentrarchus labrax ) skin and scale transcriptomes. Mar Genomics 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Dorso-ventral skin characterization of the farmed fish gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180438. [PMID: 28666033 PMCID: PMC5493399 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The skin is the first barrier of defence in fish, protecting against any external stressor and preserving the integrity and homeostasis of the fish body. The aim of this study was to characterise gilthead seabream skin by isolating cells and studying the cell cycle by flow cytometry, to study the skin histology by scanning electron microscopy and the transcription level of some immune-relevant genes by RT-PCR. Furthermore, the results obtained from samples taken from the dorsal and the ventral part of the specimens are compared. No differences were observed in the cell cycle of cells isolated from the dorsal and ventral zones of the skin or in the gene expression of the genes studied in both epidermal zones. However, the epidermis thickness of the ventral skin was higher than that of the dorsal skin, as demonstrated by image analysis using light microscopy. Besides, scanning electron microscopy pointed to a greater cell size and area of microridges in the apical part of the dorsal epidermal cells compared with ventral skin epidermal cells. This study represents a step forward in our knowledge of the skin structure of an important farmed teleost, gilthead seabream, one of the most commonly farmed fish worldwide. Furthermore, for functional characterization, experimental wounds were carried out comparing the wound healing rate between the dorsal and ventral regions of skin over the time. The results showed higher ratio of wound healing in the ventral region, whose wounds were closed after 15 days, compared to dorsal region of skin. Taking into account all together, this study represents a step forward in our knowledge of the skin structure and skin regeneration of an important farmed teleost, gilthead seabream, one of the most commonly farmed fish worldwide.
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Mateus AP, Anjos L, Cardoso JR, Power DM. Chronic stress impairs the local immune response during cutaneous repair in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata, L.). Mol Immunol 2017; 87:267-283. [PMID: 28521279 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Scale removal in fish triggers a damage-repair program to re-establish the lost epidermis and scale and an associated local immune response. In mammals, chronic stress is known to delay wound healing and to modulate the cutaneous stress axis, but this is unstudied in teleost fish the most successful extant vertebrates. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that chronic stress impairs cutaneous repair in teleost fish as a consequence of suppression of the immune response. The hypothesis was tested by removing the scales and damaging the skin on one side of the body of fish previously exposed for 4 weeks to a chronic crowding stress and then evaluating cutaneous repair for 1 week. Scale removal caused the loss of the epidermis although at 3days it was re-established. At this stage the basement membrane was significantly thicker (p=0.038) and the hypodermis was significantly thinner (p=0.016) in the regenerating skin of stressed fish relative to the control fish. At 3days, stressed fish also had a significantly lower plasma osmolality (p=0.015) than control fish indicative of reduced barrier function. Chronic stress caused a significant down-regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor (gr) in skin before damage (time 0, p=0.005) and of star at 3 and 7days (p<0.05) after regeneration relative to control fish. In regenerating skin key transcripts of cutaneous repair, pcna, colivα1 and mmp9, and the inflammatory response, tgfβ1, csf-1r, mpo and crtac2, were down-regulated (p<0.05) by chronic stress. Irrespective of chronic stress and in contrast to intact skin many hyper pigmented masses, putative melanomacrophages, infiltrated the epidermis of regenerating skin. This study reveals that chronic stress suppresses the local immune response to scale removal and impairs the expression of key transcripts of wound healing. Elements of the stress axis were identified and modulated by chronic stress during cutaneous repair in gilthead seabream skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Patrícia Mateus
- Comparative Molecular and Integrative Biology, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Av. Dr. Adelino da Palma Carlos, 8000-510 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Liliana Anjos
- Comparative Molecular and Integrative Biology, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - João R Cardoso
- Comparative Molecular and Integrative Biology, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Molecular and Integrative Biology, Centro de Ciências do Mar, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Costa RA, Cardoso JCR, Power DM. Evolution of the angiopoietin-like gene family in teleosts and their role in skin regeneration. BMC Evol Biol 2017; 17:14. [PMID: 28086749 PMCID: PMC5237311 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-016-0859-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The skin in vertebrates is a protective barrier and damage is rapidly repaired to re-establish barrier function and maintain internal homeostasis. The angiopoietin-like (ANGPTL) proteins are a family of eight secreted glycoproteins with an important role in skin repair and angiogenesis in humans. In other vertebrates their existence and role in skin remains largely unstudied. The present study characterizes for the first time the homologues of human ANGPTLs in fish and identifies the candidates that share a conserved role in skin repair using a regenerating teleost skin model over a 4-day healing period. RESULTS Homologues of human ANGPTL1-7 were identified in fish, although ANGPTL8 was absent and a totally new family member designated angptl9 was identified in fish and other non-mammalian vertebrates. In the teleost fishes a gene family expansion occurred but all the deduced Angptl proteins retained conserved sequence and structure motifs with the human homologues. In sea bream skin angptl1b, angptl2b, angptl4a, angptl4b and angptl7 transcripts were successfully amplified and they were differentially expressed during skin regeneration. In the first 2 days of skin regeneration, re-establishment of the physical barrier and an increase in the number of blood vessels was observed. During the initial stages of skin regeneration angptl1b and angptl2b transcripts were significantly more abundant (p < 0.05) than in intact skin and angptl7 transcripts were down-regulated (p < 0.05) throughout the 4-days of skin regeneration that was studied. No difference in angptl4a and angptl4b transcript abundance was detected during regeneration or between regenerating and intact skin. CONCLUSIONS The angptl gene family has expanded in teleost genomes. In sea bream, changes in the expression of angptl1b, angptl2b and angptl7 were correlated with the main phases of skin regeneration, indicating the involvement of ANGPTL family members in skin regeneration has been conserved in the vertebrates. Exploration of the fish angptl family in skin sheds new light on the understanding of the molecular basis of skin regeneration an issue of importance for disease control in aquaculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita A Costa
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - João C R Cardoso
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal
| | - Deborah M Power
- Comparative Endocrinology and Integrative Biology, Centre of Marine Sciences, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139, Faro, Portugal.
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Liu Z, Liu S, Yao J, Bao L, Zhang J, Li Y, Jiang C, Sun L, Wang R, Zhang Y, Zhou T, Zeng Q, Fu Q, Gao S, Li N, Koren S, Jiang Y, Zimin A, Xu P, Phillippy AM, Geng X, Song L, Sun F, Li C, Wang X, Chen A, Jin Y, Yuan Z, Yang Y, Tan S, Peatman E, Lu J, Qin Z, Dunham R, Li Z, Sonstegard T, Feng J, Danzmann RG, Schroeder S, Scheffler B, Duke MV, Ballard L, Kucuktas H, Kaltenboeck L, Liu H, Armbruster J, Xie Y, Kirby ML, Tian Y, Flanagan ME, Mu W, Waldbieser GC. The channel catfish genome sequence provides insights into the evolution of scale formation in teleosts. Nat Commun 2016; 7:11757. [PMID: 27249958 PMCID: PMC4895719 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms11757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Catfish represent 12% of teleost or 6.3% of all vertebrate species, and are of enormous economic value. Here we report a high-quality reference genome sequence of channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus), the major aquaculture species in the US. The reference genome sequence was validated by genetic mapping of 54,000 SNPs, and annotated with 26,661 predicted protein-coding genes. Through comparative analysis of genomes and transcriptomes of scaled and scaleless fish and scale regeneration experiments, we address the genomic basis for the most striking physical characteristic of catfish, the evolutionary loss of scales and provide evidence that lack of secretory calcium-binding phosphoproteins accounts for the evolutionary loss of scales in catfish. The channel catfish reference genome sequence, along with two additional genome sequences and transcriptomes of scaled catfishes, provide crucial resources for evolutionary and biological studies. This work also demonstrates the power of comparative subtraction of candidate genes for traits of structural significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanjiang Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Shikai Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Jun Yao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Lisui Bao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Jiaren Zhang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Yun Li
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Chen Jiang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Luyang Sun
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Ruijia Wang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Tao Zhou
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Qifan Zeng
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Qiang Fu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Sen Gao
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Ning Li
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Sergey Koren
- National Center for Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, 110 Thomas Johnson Drive, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Yanliang Jiang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Aleksey Zimin
- Institute for Physical Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - Peng Xu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Adam M Phillippy
- National Center for Biodefense Analysis and Countermeasures Center, 110 Thomas Johnson Drive, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA
| | - Xin Geng
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Lin Song
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Fanyue Sun
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Chao Li
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Xiaozhu Wang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Ailu Chen
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Yulin Jin
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Zihao Yuan
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Yujia Yang
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Suxu Tan
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Eric Peatman
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Jianguo Lu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Zhenkui Qin
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Rex Dunham
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Zhaoxia Li
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Tad Sonstegard
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA
| | - Jianbin Feng
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Roy G Danzmann
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - Steven Schroeder
- Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, 10300 Baltimore Avenue, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA
| | - Brian Scheffler
- USDA, ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
| | - Mary V Duke
- USDA, ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
| | - Linda Ballard
- USDA, ARS, Genomics and Bioinformatics Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
| | - Huseyin Kucuktas
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Ludmilla Kaltenboeck
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Haixia Liu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Jonathan Armbruster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Yangjie Xie
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Mona L Kirby
- USDA-ARS Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
| | - Yi Tian
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Mary Elizabeth Flanagan
- USDA-ARS Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
| | - Weijie Mu
- The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, and Aquatic Sciences and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, USA
| | - Geoffrey C Waldbieser
- USDA-ARS Warmwater Aquaculture Research Unit, P.O. Box 38, 141 Experiment Station Road, Stoneville, Mississippi 38776, USA
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Vandenplas S, Vandeghinste R, Boutet A, Mazan S, Huysseune A. Slow cycling cells in the continuous dental lamina of Scyliorhinus canicula: new evidence for stem cells in sharks. Dev Biol 2016; 413:39-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Vandenplas S, Willems M, Witten PE, Hansen T, Fjelldal PG, Huysseune A. Epithelial Label-Retaining Cells Are Absent during Tooth Cycling in Salmo salar and Polypterus senegalus. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152870. [PMID: 27049953 PMCID: PMC4822771 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) and African bichir (Polypterus senegalus) are both actinopterygian fish species that continuously replace their teeth without the involvement of a successional dental lamina. Instead, they share the presence of a middle dental epithelium: an epithelial tier enclosed by inner and outer dental epithelium. It has been hypothesized that this tier could functionally substitute for a successional dental lamina and might be a potential niche to house epithelial stem cells involved in tooth cycling. Therefore, in this study we performed a BrdU pulse chase experiment on both species to (1) determine the localization and extent of proliferating cells in the dental epithelial layers, (2) describe cell dynamics and (3) investigate if label-retaining cells are present, suggestive for the putative presence of stem cells. Cells proliferate in the middle dental epithelium, outer dental epithelium and cervical loop at the lingual side of the dental organ to form a new tooth germ. Using long chase times, both in S. salar (eight weeks) and P. senegalus (eight weeks and twelve weeks), we could not reveal the presence of label-retaining cells in the dental organ. Immunostaining of P. senegalus dental organs for the transcription factor Sox2, often used as a stem cell marker, labelled cells in the zone of outer dental epithelium which grades into the oral epithelium (ODE transition zone) and the inner dental epithelium of a successor only. The location of Sox2 distribution does not provide evidence for epithelial stem cells in the dental organ and, more specifically, in the middle dental epithelium. Comparison of S. salar and P. senegalus reveals shared traits in tooth cycling and thus advances our understanding of the developmental mechanism that ensures lifelong replacement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sam Vandenplas
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Maxime Willems
- Pharmaceutical technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - P. Eckhard Witten
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tom Hansen
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway
| | - Per Gunnar Fjelldal
- Institute of Marine Research (IMR), Matre Research Station, Matredal, Norway
| | - Ann Huysseune
- Evolutionary Developmental Biology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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30
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Martos-Sitcha JA, Mancera JM, Calduch-Giner JA, Yúfera M, Martínez-Rodríguez G, Pérez-Sánchez J. Unraveling the Tissue-Specific Gene Signatures of Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.) after Hyper- and Hypo-Osmotic Challenges. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0148113. [PMID: 26828928 PMCID: PMC4734831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0148113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A custom microarray was used for the transcriptomic profiling of liver, gills and hypothalamus in response to hypo- (38‰ → 5‰) or hyper- (38‰ → 55‰) osmotic challenges (7 days after salinity transfer) in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) juveniles. The total number of differentially expressed genes was 777. Among them, 341 and 310 were differentially expressed in liver after hypo- and hyper-osmotic challenges, respectively. The magnitude of changes was lower in gills and hypothalamus with around 131 and 160 responsive genes in at least one osmotic stress condition, respectively. Regardless of tissue, a number of genes were equally regulated in either hypo- and hyper-osmotic challenges: 127 out of 524 in liver, 11 out of 131 in gills and 19 out of 160 in hypothalamus. In liver and gills, functional analysis of differentially expressed genes recognized two major clusters of overlapping canonical pathways that were mostly related to “Energy Metabolism” and “Oxidative Stress”. The later cluster was represented in all the analyzed tissues, including the hypothalamus, where differentially expressed genes related to “Cell and tissue architecture” were also over-represented. Overall the response for “Energy Metabolism” was the up-regulation, whereas for oxidative stress-related genes the type of response was highly dependent of tissue. These results support common and different osmoregulatory responses in the three analyzed tissues, helping to load new allostatic conditions or even to return to basal levels after hypo- or hyper-osmotic challenges according to the different physiological role of each tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Martos-Sitcha
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Juan Miguel Mancera
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Campus de Excelencia Internacional del Mar (CEI-MAR), University of Cádiz, E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Josep Alvar Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, E-12595, Castellón, Spain
| | - Manuel Yúfera
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Ciencias Marinas de Andalucía, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ICMAN-CSIC), E-11519, Puerto Real (Cádiz), Spain
| | - Jaume Pérez-Sánchez
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (IATS-CSIC), Ribera de Cabanes, E-12595, Castellón, Spain
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Sleight VA, Thorne MA, Peck LS, Clark MS. Transcriptomic response to shell damage in the Antarctic clam, Laternula elliptica: Time scales and spatial localisation. Mar Genomics 2015; 20:45-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Pollock BR. Comments on 'Saddleback deformities in yellowfin bream, Acanthopagrus australis (Günther), from South-East Queensland' by Diggles (2013). JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2015; 38:329-330. [PMID: 25594243 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B R Pollock
- Sunfish Queensland Inc., Carindale, Qld, Australia
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Krasnov A, Wesmajervi Breiland MS, Hatlen B, Afanasyev S, Skugor S. Sexual maturation and administration of 17β-estradiol and testosterone induce complex gene expression changes in skin and increase resistance of Atlantic salmon to ectoparasite salmon louse. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 212:34-43. [PMID: 25599658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 12/25/2014] [Accepted: 01/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The crustacean ectoparasitic salmon louse (Lepeophtheirus salmonis) is a major problem of Atlantic salmon aquaculture in the Northern hemisphere. Host-pathogen interactions in this system are highly complex. Resistance to the parasite involves variations in genetic background, nutrition, properties of skin, and status of the endocrine and immune systems. This study addressed the relationship between sex hormones and lice infection. Field observation revealed a sharp reduction of lice prevalence during sexual maturation with no difference between male and female fish. To determine if higher resistance against lice was related to sex hormones, post-smolt salmon were administered control feed and feeds containing 17β-estradiol (20 mg/kg) and testosterone (25 mg/kg) during a 3-week pre-challenge period. After challenge with lice, counts were reduced 2-fold and 1.5-fold in fish that received 17β-estradiol and testosterone, respectively. Gene expression analyses were performed from skin of salmon collected in the field trial and from the controlled lab experiment at three time points (end of feeding-before challenge, 3 days post challenge (dpc) and 16 dpc) using oligonucleotide microarray and qPCR. Differential expression was observed in genes associated with diverse biological processes. Both studies revealed similar changes of several antibacterial acute phase proteins; of note was induction of cathelicidin and down-regulation of a defensin gene. Treatment with hormones revealed their ability to modulate T helper cell (Th)-mediated immunity in skin. Enhanced protection achieved by 17β-estradiol administration might in part be due to the skewing of Th responses away from the prototypic anti-parasitic Th2 immunity and towards the more effective Th1 responses. Multiple genes involved in wound healing, differentiation and remodelling of skin tissue were stimulated during maturation but suppressed with sex hormones. Such opposite regulation suggested that these processes were not associated with resistance to the parasite under the studied conditions. Both studies revealed regulation of a suite of genes encoding putative large mucosal proteins found exclusively in fish. Marked decrease of erythrocyte markers indicated reduced circulation while down-regulation of multiple zymogen granule membrane proteins and transporters of cholesterol and other compounds suggested limited availability of nutrients for the parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sergey Afanasyev
- Nofima AS, PO Box 6122, NO-9291 Tromsø, Norway; Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, M. Toreza av. 44, Peterburg 194223, Russia.
| | - Stanko Skugor
- SLRC-Sea Lice Research Center, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Box 8146, NO-0033 Oslo, Norway.
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Calduch-Giner JA, Echasseriau Y, Crespo D, Baron D, Planas JV, Prunet P, Pérez-Sánchez J. Transcriptional assessment by microarray analysis and large-scale meta-analysis of the metabolic capacity of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues to cope with reduced nutrient availability in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata L.). MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2014; 16:423-435. [PMID: 24626932 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-014-9562-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The effects of nutrient availability on the transcriptome of cardiac and skeletal muscle tissues were assessed in juvenile gilthead sea bream fed with a standard diet at two feeding levels: (1) full ration size and (2) 70 % satiation followed by a finishing phase at the maintenance ration. Microarray analysis evidenced a characteristic transcriptomic profile for each muscle tissue following changes in oxidative capacity (heart > red skeletal muscle > white skeletal muscle). The transcriptome of heart and secondly that of red skeletal muscle were highly responsive to nutritional changes, whereas that of glycolytic white skeletal muscle showed less ability to respond. The highly expressed and nutritionally regulated genes of heart were mainly related to signal transduction and transcriptional regulation. In contrast, those of white muscle were enriched in gene ontology (GO) terms related to proteolysis and protein ubiquitination. Microarray meta-analysis using the bioinformatic tool Fish and Chips ( http://fishandchips.genouest.org/index.php ) showed the close association of a representative cluster of white skeletal muscle with some of cardiac and red skeletal muscle, and many GO terms related to mitochondrial function appeared to be common links between them. A second round of cluster comparisons revealed that mitochondria-related GOs also linked differentially expressed genes of heart with those of liver from cortisol-treated gilthead sea bream. These results show that mitochondria are among the first responders to environmental and nutritional stress stimuli in gilthead sea bream, and functional phenotyping of this cellular organelle is highly promising to obtain reliable markers of growth performance and well-being in this fish species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep A Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal (IATS-CSIC), Castellón, Spain
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Li C, Beck BH, Peatman E. Nutritional impacts on gene expression in the surface mucosa of blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus). DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 44:226-234. [PMID: 24378224 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2013.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Short-term feed deprivation is a common occurrence in both wild and farmed fish species, due to reproductive processes, seasonal variations in temperature, or in response to a disease outbreak. Fasting can have dramatic physiological and biological consequences for fish, including impacts on mucosal immunity which can, in turn, change host susceptibility to pathogens. Culture and selection of blue catfish (Ictalurus furcatus) has gained importance as the production of a channel catfish×blue catfish (Ictalurus punctatus×I. furcatus) hybrid has increased in the Southeast US. Following a recent examination of fasting-induced impacts on mucosal immunity in channel catfish, here we utilized Illumina-based RNA-seq expression profiling to compare changes in blue catfish gill and skin after a brief (7 day) period of fasting. Transcriptome sequencing and de novo assembly of over 194 million 100 base-pair transcript reads was followed by differential expression analysis. Fasting altered a total of 530 genes in the surface mucosa, including genes regulating the immune response, energy metabolism, mucus production, cellular cytoskeletal structure, cell proliferation, and antioxidant responses. In particular, fasting perturbed arginine synthesis and metabolism pathways in a manner likely altering macrophage activation states and immune readiness. Our findings highlight key mediators of the critical interaction between nutrition and immunity at points of pathogen adherence and entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | - Benjamin H Beck
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Stuttgart, AR 72160, USA
| | - Eric Peatman
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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Ibarz A, Pinto PIS, Power DM. Proteomic approach to skin regeneration in a marine teleost: modulation by oestradiol-17β. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2013; 15:629-46. [PMID: 23728848 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-013-9513-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Skin and scale formation and regeneration in teleosts have mainly been described from a morphological perspective, and few studies of the underlying molecular events exist. The present study evaluates (1) the change in the skin proteome during its regeneration in a marine teleost fish (gilthead sea bream, Sparus aurata) and (2) the impact of oestradiol-17β (Ε2) on regeneration and the involvement of oestrogen receptor (ER) isoforms. Thirty-five candidate proteins were differentially expressed (p < 0.05) between intact and regenerated skin proteome 5 days after scale removal, and 27 proteins were differentially expressed after E2 treatment. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering of the skin proteome revealed that the skin treated with E2 clustered most closely to intact skin, while regenerating untreated skin formed an independent cluster. Gene Ontology classification associated the differentially expressed proteins in E2-treated skin with developmental processes and cellular morphogenesis. The proteins modified during skin regeneration suggest a balance exists between immune response and anatomical repair. Overall, the results indicate that, even after 5 days regeneration, the composition of mature skin is not attained, and endocrine factors, in particular E2, can accelerate wound repair acting possibly via ERβs expressed in the skin-scales. Several candidate proteins probably involved in scale development, osteoglycin, lipocalin2 and lamin A and the transcription factors PHD and grainyhead were identified. Future studies of fish skin regeneration will be required to provide further insight into this multistage process, and the present study indicates it will be useful to explore immune adaptations of epithelia permanently exposed to an aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Ibarz
- Dept Fisiologia i Immunologia (Biologia), University of Barcelone, Xarxa de Referència de Recerca i Desenvolupament en Aqüicultura de la Generalitat de Catalunya, Diagonal 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain,
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Eissa A, Zaki M, Saeid S, Abdelsalam M, Ali H, Moustafa A, Ibrahim T, Abumhara A. In vitro evaluation of the efficacy of hemodialysate (Solcoseryl ®) as a wound healing agent in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). Int J Vet Sci Med 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijvsm.2013.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A.E. Eissa
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya
| | - M.M. Zaki
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - S. Saeid
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - M. Abdelsalam
- Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - H.M. Ali
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - A.A. Moustafa
- Department of Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 11221, Egypt
| | - T.B. Ibrahim
- Department of Hydrobiology, Veterinary Division, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - A.A. Abumhara
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Tripoli University, Tripoli, Libya
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Vieira FA, Thorne MAS, Stueber K, Darias M, Reinhardt R, Clark MS, Gisbert E, Power DM. Comparative analysis of a teleost skeleton transcriptome provides insight into its regulation. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2013; 191:45-58. [PMID: 23770218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2013.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2013] [Revised: 05/24/2013] [Accepted: 05/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
An articulated endoskeleton that is calcified is a unifying innovation of the vertebrates, however the molecular basis of the structural divergence between terrestrial and aquatic vertebrates, such as teleost fish, has not been determined. In the present study long-read next generation sequencing (NGS, Roche 454 platform) was used to characterize acellular perichondral bone (vertebrae) and chondroid bone (gill arch) in the gilthead sea bream (Sparus auratus). A total of 15.97 and 14.53Mb were produced, respectively from vertebrae and gill arch cDNA libraries and yielded 32,374 and 28,371 contigs (consensus sequences) respectively. 10,455 contigs from vertebrae and 10,625 contigs from gill arches were annotated with gene ontology terms. Comparative analysis of the global transcriptome revealed 4249 unique transcripts in vertebrae, 4201 unique transcripts in the gill arches and 3700 common transcripts. Several core gene networks were conserved between the gilthead sea bream and mammalian skeleton. Transcripts for putative endocrine factors were identified in acellular gilthead sea bream bone suggesting that in common with mammalian bone it can act as an endocrine tissue. The acellular bone of the vertebra, in contrast to current opinion based on histological analysis, was responsive to a short fast and significant (p<0.05) down-regulation of several transcripts identified by NGS, osteonectin, osteocalcin, cathepsin K and IGFI occurred. In gill arches fasting caused a significant (p<0.05) down-regulation of osteocalcin and up-regulation of MMP9.
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Liu L, Li C, Su B, Beck BH, Peatman E. Short-term feed deprivation alters immune status of surface mucosa in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus). PLoS One 2013; 8:e74581. [PMID: 24023952 PMCID: PMC3762756 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term feed deprivation (or fasting) is a common occurrence in aquacultured fish species whether due to season, production strategies, or disease. In channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) fasting impacts susceptibility to several bacterial pathogens including Flavobacterium columnare, the causative agent of columnaris disease. As columnaris gains entry through the gills and skin of fish, we examined here changes in transcriptional regulation induced in these surface mucosal tissues due to short-term (7 day) fasting. RNA-seq expression analysis revealed a total of 1,545 genes perturbed by fasting. Fasting significantly altered expression of critical innate immune factors in a manner consistent with lower immune fitness as well as dysregulating key genes involved in energy metabolism and cell cycling/proliferation. Downregulation of innate immune actors such as iNOS2b, Lysozyme C, and peptidoglycan recognition protein 6 is predicted to impact the delicate recognition/tolerance balance for commensal and pathogenic bacteria on the skin and gill. The highlighted expression profiles reveal potential mechanistic similarities between gut and surface mucosa and underscore the complex interrelationships between nutrition, mucosal integrity, and immunity in teleost fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, College of Arts and Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Baofeng Su
- Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Benjamin H. Beck
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Stuttgart National Aquaculture Research Center, Stuttgart, Arkansas, United States of America
| | - Eric Peatman
- Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Calduch-Giner JA, Bermejo-Nogales A, Benedito-Palos L, Estensoro I, Ballester-Lozano G, Sitjà-Bobadilla A, Pérez-Sánchez J. Deep sequencing for de novo construction of a marine fish (Sparus aurata) transcriptome database with a large coverage of protein-coding transcripts. BMC Genomics 2013; 14:178. [PMID: 23497320 PMCID: PMC3606596 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-14-178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) is the main fish species cultured in the Mediterranean area and constitutes an interesting model of research. Nevertheless, transcriptomic and genomic data are still scarce for this highly valuable species. A transcriptome database was constructed by de novo assembly of gilthead sea bream sequences derived from public repositories of mRNA and collections of expressed sequence tags together with new high-quality reads from five cDNA 454 normalized libraries of skeletal muscle (1), intestine (1), head kidney (2) and blood (1). Results Sequencing of the new 454 normalized libraries produced 2,945,914 high-quality reads and the de novo global assembly yielded 125,263 unique sequences with an average length of 727 nt. Blast analysis directed to protein and nucleotide databases annotated 63,880 sequences encoding for 21,384 gene descriptions, that were curated for redundancies and frameshifting at the homopolymer regions of open reading frames, and hosted at http://www.nutrigroup-iats.org/seabreamdb. Among the annotated gene descriptions, 16,177 were mapped in the Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA) database, and 10,899 were eligible for functional analysis with a representation in 341 out of 372 IPA canonical pathways. The high representation of randomly selected stickleback transcripts by Blast search in the nucleotide gilthead sea bream database evidenced its high coverage of protein-coding transcripts. Conclusions The newly assembled gilthead sea bream transcriptome represents a progress in genomic resources for this species, as it probably contains more than 75% of actively transcribed genes, constituting a valuable tool to assist studies on functional genomics and future genome projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josep A Calduch-Giner
- Nutrigenomics and Fish Growth Endocrinology Group, Department of Marine Species Biology, Culture and Pathology, Institute of Aquaculture Torre de la Sal, Castellón, CSIC, Spain
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