1
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Rangaswamy B, An J, Kwak IS. Different recovery patterns of the surviving bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis based on transcriptome profiling exposed to spherical or fibrous polyethylene microplastics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30858. [PMID: 38813215 PMCID: PMC11133752 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are pervasive pollutants exuded from anthropogenic activities and ingested by animals in different ecosystems. This transcriptomic profiling study aimed to explore the impact of polyethylene MPs on Mytilus galloprovincialis, an ecologically significant bivalve species. The toxicity of two MPs types was found to result in increased cellular stress when exposed up to 14 days. Moreover, recovery mechanisms were also observed in progress. Mussels exhibited different gene expression patterns and molecular regulation in response to cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) stress. The transcriptome analysis demonstrated a notable hindrance in cilia movement as MPs ingested through gills. Subsequent entry resulted in a significant disruption in the cytoskeletal organization, cellular projection, and cilia beat frequency. On day 4 (D4), signal transduction and activation of apoptosis evidenced the signs of toxic consequences. Mussels exposed to spherical MPs shown significant recovery on day 14 (D14), characterized by the upregulation of anti-apoptotic genes and antioxidant genes. The expression of P53 and BCL2 genes was pivotal in controlling the apoptotic process and promoting cell survival. Mussels exposed to fibrous MPs displayed a delayed cell survival effect. However, the elevated physiological stress due to fibrous MPs resulted in energy transfer by compensatory regulation of metabolic processes to expedite cellular recovery. These observations highlighted the intricate and varied reaction of cell survival mechanisms in mussels to recover toxicity. This study provides critical evidence of the ecotoxicological impacts of two different MPs and emphasizes the environmental risks they pose to aquatic ecosystems. Our conclusion highlights the detrimental effects of MPs on M. galloprovincialis and the need for more stringent regulations to protect marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boobal Rangaswamy
- Department of Biotechnology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu 641014, India
| | - Jinsung An
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Ihn-Sil Kwak
- Department of Ocean Integrated Science, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Republic of Korea
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2
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Thomas AM, Antony SP. Marine Antimicrobial Peptides: An Emerging Nightmare to the Life-Threatening Pathogens. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024; 16:552-578. [PMID: 37022565 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-023-10061-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens due to improper usage of conventional antibiotics has created a global health crisis. Alternatives to antibiotics being an urgent need, the scientific community is forced to search for new antimicrobials. This exploration has led to the discovery of antimicrobial peptides, a group of small peptides occurring in different phyla such as Porifera, Cnidaria, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, and Chordata, as a component of their innate immune system. The marine environment, possessing immense diversity of organisms, is undoubtedly one of the richest sources of unique potential antimicrobial peptides. The distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides lies in their broad-spectrum activity, mechanism of action, less cytotoxicity, and high stability, which form the benchmark for developing a potential therapeutic. This review aims to (1) synthesise the available information on the distinctive antimicrobial peptides discovered from marine organisms, particularly over the last decade, and (2) discuss the distinctiveness of marine antimicrobial peptides and their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Maria Thomas
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India
| | - Swapna P Antony
- Department of Marine Biology, Microbiology and Biochemistry, School of Marine Sciences, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Fine Arts Avenue, Kochi, Kerala, 682016, India.
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3
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Guryanova SV, Balandin SV, Belogurova-Ovchinnikova OY, Ovchinnikova TV. Marine Invertebrate Antimicrobial Peptides and Their Potential as Novel Peptide Antibiotics. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:503. [PMID: 37888438 PMCID: PMC10608444 DOI: 10.3390/md21100503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates constantly interact with a wide range of microorganisms in their aquatic environment and possess an effective defense system that has enabled their existence for millions of years. Their lack of acquired immunity sets marine invertebrates apart from other marine animals. Invertebrates could rely on their innate immunity, providing the first line of defense, survival, and thriving. The innate immune system of marine invertebrates includes various biologically active compounds, and specifically, antimicrobial peptides. Nowadays, there is a revive of interest in these peptides due to the urgent need to discover novel drugs against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, a pressing global concern in modern healthcare. Modern technologies offer extensive possibilities for the development of innovative drugs based on these compounds, which can act against bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. This review focuses on structural peculiarities, biological functions, gene expression, biosynthesis, mechanisms of antimicrobial action, regulatory activities, and prospects for the therapeutic use of antimicrobial peptides derived from marine invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Guryanova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Medical Institute, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, 117198 Moscow, Russia
| | - Sergey V. Balandin
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
| | | | - Tatiana V. Ovchinnikova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (S.V.G.); (S.V.B.)
- Phystech School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia;
- Department of Biotechnology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Mu H, Wang G, Huang B, Fu X, Cheng S, Wen J. Effect of hexavalent chromium exposure on the reproductive status and biomarker responses of female Geloina erosa. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2023; 32:736-745. [PMID: 37460905 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-023-02668-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr (VI)) is widely distributed in the marine environment of Hainan Province, China and poses a potential threat to its mangrove ecosystems. However, the mechanisms underlying Cr-induced stress and reproductive toxicity in clams remain largely unknown. In this study, the clams, Geloina erosa, were exposed to 4.34, 8.69, 17.38 and 34.76 mg/L Cr (VI) for 24, 48 and 72 h. The gonad-somatic index (GSI) was determined and histological alterations of the ovaries were quantified by light microscopy. The micronucleus test was performed which quantifies the genotoxic presence of small cytoplasmic bodies in eukaryotic cells. Enzymatic assays for catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), and malondialdehyde (MDA) activities were done. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to quantify the expression of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) and vitellogenin (Vtg) in ovaries of G. erosa. The results showed that the micronucleus frequency was significantly increased when clams were exposed to Cr (VI). Cr (VI) exposure induced the accumulation of MDA and affected CAT and GR enzyme activities. The high Cr (VI) concentration of 34.76 mg/L significantly increased the levels of GR activity, GST expression and HSP70 expression and inhibited Vtg expression and CAT activity. MDA content was significantly increased after 72 h at the high Cr (VI) exposure (34.76 mg/L). Therefore, Cr (VI) exposure may be toxic to the development of ovaries of G. erosa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Mu
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Gongsi Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China.
| | - Xiangchao Fu
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Sui Cheng
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
| | - Jiao Wen
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, Hainan, PR China
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5
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Panebianco A, Rey-Campos M, Romero A, Diz AP, Novoa B, Figueras A. Mytilus galloprovincialis releases immunologically functional haemocytes to the intervalvar space in response to tissue injury and infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:108806. [PMID: 37169107 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2023.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Haemocytes of Mytilus galloprovincialis represent the main component of the internal self-defence system. Although haemocytes from haemolymph are usually studied to analyse these animals' immune response, the presence of haemocytes in the intervalvar liquid, which is essentially sea water, led us to characterize them. Several functional (ROS production, phagocytosis, gene expression, travel velocity and distance) and morphological (area, size and granularity) assays were performed by applying different stimuli to the mussels (waterborne infection, shell injury and their combination). Our results revealed that intervalvar liquid haemocytes share common characteristics with haemolymph haemocytes (for instance, the cell morphology and the cell population structure divided in three main groups) but also show significant differences in size (usually smaller in the intervalvar liquid), mobility (commonly faster in the intervalvar liquid), ROS production (higher in non-stimulated intervalvar liquid cells) and gene expression (IL17, Myd88 and CathL are over expressed in liquid intervalvar cells compared to haemolymph cells). Moreover, differences were observed when mussels were subjected to the mentioned treatments. These free intervalvar haemocytes could constitute the first line of defence as external sentinels extending the immunological alert system outside of the mussel body.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Panebianco
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain; Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Rey-Campos
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Romero
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A P Diz
- Department of Biochemistry, Genetics and Immunology, University of Vigo, Vigo, Spain; Centro de Investigación Mariña, Universidade de Vigo (CIM-UVigo), Vigo, Spain
| | - B Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - A Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
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6
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Sokolnikova Y, Mokrina M, Magarlamov T, Grinchenko A, Kumeiko V. Specification of hemocyte subpopulations based on immune-related activities and the production of the agglutinin MkC1qDC in the bivalve Modiolus kurilensis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15577. [PMID: 37151667 PMCID: PMC10161718 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalves, such as Modiolus are used as indicator organisms to monitor the state of the marine environment. Even though hemocytes are known to play a key role in the adaptive and protective mechanisms of bivalves, these cells are poorly studied in horse-mussel Modiolus kurilensis. In this paper, we present classification of horse-mussel hemocytes based on their immune functions, including the production of specific immune-related molecules, as well as their morphological composition after isolation by density gradient centrifugation. An effective fractionation protocol was adapted to separate four hemocyte subpopulations with distinct morphofunctional profiles. First subpopulation consisted of small under-differentiated hemoblasts (2.20 ± 0.85%) with a bromodeoxyuridine positive nucleus, and did not show any immune reactivity. Second was represented by agranulocytes (24.11 ± 2.40%), with evenly filled cytoplasm containing a well-developed protein-synthesizing apparatus, polysomes, smooth endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, and positively stained for myeloperoxidase, acidic proteins, glycogen and neutral polysaccharides. Third subpopulation consisted of eosinophilic granulocytes (62.64 ± 9.32%) that contained the largest number of lysosomes, peroxisomes and vesicles with contents of different density, and showed the highest phosphatase, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and phagocytic activities. Lastly, fourth group, basophilic granulocytes (14.21 ± 0.34%), are main producers of lectin-like protein MkC1qDC, recently discovered in M. kurilensis and characterized by pronounced antibacterial and anticancer activity. These cells characterized by intracytoplasmic of the MkC1qDC localization, forming granule-like bodies visualized with specific antibody. Both granulocytes and agranulocytes showed phagocytic activity and ROS production, and these reactions were more pronounced for eosinophilic granulocytes, suggesting that this group is the key element of the cell-mediated immune response of M. kurilensis. Our results support a concept of bivalve's hemocyte specification with distinct phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia Sokolnikova
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, FEB RAS, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Mariia Mokrina
- Laboratory of Aquacultural Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 468-1 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Timur Magarlamov
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey Grinchenko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Vadim Kumeiko
- A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
- Corresponding author. Far Eastern Federal University, 690922, Vladivostok, Russian Federation
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7
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Gualandi N, Fracarossi D, Riommi D, Sollitto M, Greco S, Mardirossian M, Pacor S, Hori T, Pallavicini A, Gerdol M. Unveiling the Impact of Gene Presence/Absence Variation in Driving Inter-Individual Sequence Diversity within the CRP-I Gene Family in Mytilus spp. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14040787. [PMID: 37107545 PMCID: PMC10138031 DOI: 10.3390/genes14040787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mussels (Mytilus spp.) tolerate infections much better than other species living in the same marine coastal environment thanks to a highly efficient innate immune system, which exploits a remarkable diversification of effector molecules involved in mucosal and humoral responses. Among these, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are subjected to massive gene presence/absence variation (PAV), endowing each individual with a potentially unique repertoire of defense molecules. The unavailability of a chromosome-scale assembly has so far prevented a comprehensive evaluation of the genomic arrangement of AMP-encoding loci, preventing an accurate ascertainment of the orthology/paralogy relationships among sequence variants. Here, we characterized the CRP-I gene cluster in the blue mussel Mytilus edulis, which includes about 50 paralogous genes and pseudogenes, mostly packed in a small genomic region within chromosome 5. We further reported the occurrence of widespread PAV within this family in the Mytilus species complex and provided evidence that CRP-I peptides likely adopt a knottin fold. We functionally characterized the synthetic peptide sCRP-I H1, assessing the presence of biological activities consistent with other knottins, revealing that mussel CRP-I peptides are unlikely to act as antimicrobial agents or protease inhibitors, even though they may be used as defense molecules against infections from eukaryotic parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Gualandi
- Area of Neuroscience, International School for Advanced Studies, 34136 Trieste, Italy;
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Davide Fracarossi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Damiano Riommi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Marco Sollitto
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
- Faculty of Mathematics, Natural Sciences and Information Technologies, University of Primorska, 6000 Koper, Slovenia
| | - Samuele Greco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Mario Mardirossian
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Sabrina Pacor
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
| | - Tiago Hori
- Atlantic Aqua Farms Ltd., Vernon Bridge, PE C0A 2E0, Canada;
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
- Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, 80121 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (D.F.); (D.R.); (M.S.); (S.G.); (M.M.); (S.P.); (A.P.)
- Correspondence:
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8
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Li Y, Xue Y, Peng Z, Zhang L. Immune diversity in lophotrochozoans, with a focus on recognition and effector systems. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2023; 21:2262-2275. [PMID: 37035545 PMCID: PMC10073891 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.03.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Lophotrochozoa is one of the most species-rich but immunologically poorly explored phyla. Although lack of acquired response in a narrow sense, lophotrochozoans possess various genetic mechanisms that enhance the diversity and specificity of innate immune system. Here, we review the recent advances of comparative immunology studies in lophotrochozoans with focus on immune recognition and effector systems. Haemocytes and coelomocytes are general important yet understudied player. Comparative genomics studies suggest expansion and functional divergence of lophotrochozoan immune reorganization systems is not as "homogeneous and simple" as we thought including the large-scale expansion and molecular divergence of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (TLRs, RLRs, lectins, etc.) and signaling adapters (MyD88s etc.), significant domain recombination of immune receptors (RLR, NLRs, lectins, etc.), extensive somatic recombination of fibrinogenrelated proteins (FREPs) in snails. Furthermore, there are repeatedly identified molecular mechanisms that generate immune effector diversity, including high polymorphism of antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs), reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) and cytokines. Finally, we argue that the next generation omics tools and the recently emerged genome editing technicism will revolutionize our understanding of innate immune system in a comparative immunology perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongnan Li
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Yu Xue
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhangjie Peng
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
- College of Marine Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Corresponding author at: CAS and Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Experimental Marine Biology & Center of Deep Sea Research, Center for Ocean Mega-Science, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China.
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9
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Fogliano C, Carotenuto R, Panzuto R, Spennato V, De Bonis S, Simoniello P, Raggio A, Avallone B, Agnisola C, Motta CM. Behavioral alterations and gills damage in Mytilus galloprovincialis exposed to an environmental concentration of delorazepam. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 97:104030. [PMID: 36455838 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.104030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Psychoactive compounds, and benzodiazepines (BZPs) in particular, represent an important class of emerging pollutants due to their large (ab)use and high resistance to degradation. Nowadays it is known that sewage treatment does not completely eliminate these substances and, therefore, BZPs and their metabolites reach concern levels in most aquatic environments all over Europe, ranging from µg/L to ng/L. In this study, we investigated the effects of delorazepam on Mytilus galloprovincialis, a model organism in toxicity testing and a key species in coastal marine ecosystems. Given its psychoactive activity, the study primarily addressed discovering the effects on behavior, by conventional valve opening and closure tests. Possible cytotoxic activity was also investigated by analyzing valve abductor muscles, gills histology, and correlated oxygen consumption. Results demonstrate negative effects on mussel behavior, interference with metabolism, and alteration of gill morphology and protein content. In conclusion, delorazepam confirms its toxicity to aquatic environments, highlighting the possibility that BZDs can ultimately affect the structure of the food web and the functions of the coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Fogliano
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Carotenuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Panzuto
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Spennato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore De Bonis
- Regional Agency for Environmental Protection of Latium (Arpa Lazio), Via Saredo, 00173 Rome, Italy
| | - Palma Simoniello
- Department of Science and Technology, University of Naples Parthenope, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Anja Raggio
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Bice Avallone
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Claudio Agnisola
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Maria Motta
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, 80126 Naples, Italy
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10
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Liu L, He M, Yang Z, Wang H, Zhang X, He J, Buttino I, Qi P, Yan X, Liao Z. Myticofensin, a novel antimicrobial peptide family identified from Mytilus coruscus. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 131:817-826. [PMID: 36349653 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.10.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, seven transcripts representing a novel antimicrobial peptide (AMP) family with structural features similar to those of arthropod defensins were identified from Mytilus coruscus. These novel defensins from the Mytilus AMP family were named myticofensins. To explore the possible immune-related functions of these myticofensins, we examined their expression profiles in different tissues and larval stages, as well as in three immune-related tissues under the threat of different microbes. Our data revealed that the seven myticofensins had relatively high expression levels in immune-related tissues. Most myticofensins were undetectable, or had low expression levels, in different larval mussel stages. Additionally, in vivo microbial challenges significantly increased the expression levels of myticofensins in M. coruscus hemocytes, gills, and digestive glands, showing different immune response patterns under challenges from different microbes. Our data indicates that different myticofensins may have different immune functions in different tissues. Furthermore, peptide sequences corresponding to the beta-hairpin, alpha-helix, and N-terminal loop of myticofensin were synthesized and the antimicrobial activities of these peptide fragments were tested. Our data confirms the diversity of defensins in Mytilus and reports the complex regulation of these defensins in the mussel immune response to different microbes in immune-related tissues. The immune system of Mytilus has been studied for years as they are a species with strong environmental adaptations. Our data can be regarded as a step forward in the study of the adaptation of Mytilus spp. to an evolving microbial world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Menglan He
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zongxin Yang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haodong Wang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianyu He
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China; Donghai Laboratory, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Isabella Buttino
- Italian Institute for Environmental Protection and Research ISPRA, Via Vitaliano Brancati 48, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Pengzhi Qi
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaojun Yan
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Zhi Liao
- Laboratory of Marine Biology Protein Engineering, Marine Science and Technical College, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan City, 316022, Zhejiang, China.
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de la Ballina NR, Maresca F, Cao A, Villalba A. Bivalve Haemocyte Subpopulations: A Review. Front Immunol 2022; 13:826255. [PMID: 35464425 PMCID: PMC9024128 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.826255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs stand out for their ecological success and their key role in the functioning of aquatic ecosystems, while also constituting a very valuable commercial resource. Both ecological success and production of bivalves depend on their effective immune defence function, in which haemocytes play a central role acting as both the undertaker of the cellular immunity and supplier of the humoral immunity. Bivalves have different types of haemocytes, which perform different functions. Hence, identification of cell subpopulations and their functional characterisation in immune responses is essential to fully understand the immune system in bivalves. Nowadays, there is not a unified nomenclature that applies to all bivalves. Characterisation of bivalve haemocyte subpopulations is often combined with 1) other multiple parameter assays to determine differences between cell types in immune-related physiological activities, such as phagocytosis, oxidative stress and apoptosis; and 2) immune response to different stressors such as pathogens, temperature, acidification and pollution. This review summarises the major and most recent findings in classification and functional characterisation of the main haemocyte types of bivalve molluscs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria R. de la Ballina
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Francesco Maresca
- MARE - Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, Laboratório de Ciências do Mar, Universidade de Évora, Sines, Portugal
| | - Asunción Cao
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Spain
- Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Plentziako Itsas Estazioa (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Plentzia, Spain
- *Correspondence: Antonio Villalba,
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12
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Farhat S, Bonnivard E, Pales Espinosa E, Tanguy A, Boutet I, Guiglielmoni N, Flot JF, Allam B. Comparative analysis of the Mercenaria mercenaria genome provides insights into the diversity of transposable elements and immune molecules in bivalve mollusks. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:192. [PMID: 35260071 PMCID: PMC8905726 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-08262-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The hard clam Mercenaria mercenaria is a major marine resource along the Atlantic coasts of North America and has been introduced to other continents for resource restoration or aquaculture activities. Significant mortality events have been reported in the species throughout its native range as a result of diseases (microbial infections, leukemia) and acute environmental stress. In this context, the characterization of the hard clam genome can provide highly needed resources to enable basic (e.g., oncogenesis and cancer transmission, adaptation biology) and applied (clam stock enhancement, genomic selection) sciences. RESULTS Using a combination of long and short-read sequencing technologies, a 1.86 Gb chromosome-level assembly of the clam genome was generated. The assembly was scaffolded into 19 chromosomes, with an N50 of 83 Mb. Genome annotation yielded 34,728 predicted protein-coding genes, markedly more than the few other members of the Venerida sequenced so far, with coding regions representing only 2% of the assembly. Indeed, more than half of the genome is composed of repeated elements, including transposable elements. Major chromosome rearrangements were detected between this assembly and another recent assembly derived from a genetically segregated clam stock. Comparative analysis of the clam genome allowed the identification of a marked diversification in immune-related proteins, particularly extensive tandem duplications and expansions in tumor necrosis factors (TNFs) and C1q domain-containing proteins, some of which were previously shown to play a role in clam interactions with infectious microbes. The study also generated a comparative repertoire highlighting the diversity and, in some instances, the specificity of LTR-retrotransposons elements, particularly Steamer elements in bivalves. CONCLUSIONS The diversity of immune molecules in M. mercenaria may allow this species to cope with varying and complex microbial and environmental landscapes. The repertoire of transposable elements identified in this study, particularly Steamer elements, should be a prime target for the investigation of cancer cell development and transmission among bivalve mollusks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Farhat
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
| | - Eric Bonnivard
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff, France
| | - Emmanuelle Pales Espinosa
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA
| | - Arnaud Tanguy
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff, France
| | - Isabelle Boutet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, UMR 7144 AD2M, Station Biologique de Roscoff, Place Georges Teissier, 29688, Roscoff, France
| | - Nadège Guiglielmoni
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jean-François Flot
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels - (IB)2, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Bassem Allam
- Marine Animal Disease Laboratory, School of Marine and Atmospheric Sciences, 100 Nicolls Road, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5000, USA.
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13
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Cao Y, Jiao Y, Zhan S, Liang X, Li Z, Chen J, Xiong X, Gu Z, Du X, Zheng Z. Polyamine Putrescine Regulates Oxidative Stress and Autophagy of Hemocytes Induced by Lipopolysaccharides in Pearl Oyster Pinctada fucata martensii. Front Physiol 2021; 12:781324. [PMID: 34955892 PMCID: PMC8703005 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.781324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The polyamine putrescine (Put) is a ubiquitous small cationic amine. It plays an essential role in controlling the innate immune response. However, little is known about its function in mollusks. In this study, the Put content was observed to increase in the serum of pearl oyster Pinctada fucata martensii after 6 and 24 h of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) increased, and nitric oxide synthase was downregulated in the Put group (i.e., combined treatment with Put and LPS) compared with that in the LPS group (i.e., combined treatment with phosphate-buffered saline and LPS). Furthermore, activities of alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase were inhibited after 6 h of LPS stimulation. The expression levels of the nuclear factor kappa B, IκB kinase, Janus kinase, and signal transducer and activator of transcription proteins genes were all significantly suppressed at 12 and 24 h in the Put group. Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis grew better after being incubated with the serum from the Put group than that from the LPS group. Additionally, the Put treatment remarkably inhibited the autophagy of hemocytes mediated by the AMP-activated protein kinase-mammalian target of rapamycin-Beclin-1 pathway. This study demonstrated that Put can effectively inhibit the inflammatory response induced by LPS in pearl oysters. These results provide useful information for further exploration of the immunoregulatory functions of polyamines in bivalves and contribute to the development of immunosuppressive agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Cao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Shuzhi Zhan
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xueru Liang
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhixin Li
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Jiayi Chen
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xinwei Xiong
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zefeng Gu
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiaodong Du
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Zhe Zheng
- Fishery College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
- Pearl Breeding and Processing Engineering Technology Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Science and Innovation Center for Pearl Culture, Zhanjiang, China
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Mariculture Organism Breeding, Zhanjiang, China
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de la Ballina NR, Villalba A, Cao A. Shotgun analysis to identify differences in protein expression between granulocytes and hyalinocytes of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 119:678-691. [PMID: 34748932 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.10.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recovery of wild populations of the European flat oyster Ostrea edulis is important for ecosystem health and conservation of this species, because native oyster populations have dramatically declined or disappeared in most European waters. Diseases have contributed to oyster decline and are important constrains for oyster recovery. Understanding oyster immune system should contribute to design effective strategies to fight oyster diseases. Haemocytes play a pivotal role in mollusc immune responses protecting from infection. Two main types of haemocytes, granulocytes and hyalinocytes, are distinguished in O. edulis. A study aiming to explore differential functions between both haemocyte types and, thus, to enrich the knowledge of Ostrea edulis immune system, was performed by comparing the proteome of the two haemolymph cell types, using a shotgun approach through liquid chromatography (LC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Cells from oyster haemolymph were differentially separated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation. Shotgun LC-MS/MS performance allowed the identification of 145 proteins in hyalinocytes and 138 in the proteome of granulocytes. After a comparative analysis, 55 proteins with main roles in defence were identified, from which 28 were representative of granulocytes and 27 of hyalinocytes, plus 11 proteins shared by both cell types. Different proteins involved in signal transduction, apoptosis, oxidative response, processes related with the cytoskeleton and structure, recognition and wound healing were identified as representatives of each haemocyte type. Important signalling pathways in the immune response such as MAPK, Ras and NF-κβ seemed to be more relevant for granulocytes, while the Wnt signalling pathway, particularly relevant for wound healing, more relevant in hyalinocytes. The differences in proteins involved in recognition and in cytoskeleton and structure suggest differential specialisation in processes of phagocytosis and internalisation of pathogens between haemocyte types. Apoptosis seemed more active in granulocytes. The differences in proteins involved in oxidative response also suggest different redox processes in each cell type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria R de la Ballina
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
| | - Antonio Villalba
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad de Alcalá, 28871, Alcalá de Henares, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (PIE), University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48620, Plentzia, Spain.
| | - Asunción Cao
- Centro de Investigacións Mariñas (CIMA), Consellería do Mar, Xunta de Galicia, 36620, Vilanova de Arousa, Spain
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15
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Frizzo R, Bortoletto E, Riello T, Leanza L, Schievano E, Venier P, Mammi S. NMR Metabolite Profiles of the Bivalve Mollusc Mytilus galloprovincialis Before and After Immune Stimulation With Vibrio splendidus. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:686770. [PMID: 34540890 PMCID: PMC8447493 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.686770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The hemolymph metabolome of Mytilus galloprovincialis injected with live Vibrio splendidus bacteria was analyzed by 1H-NMR spectrometry. Changes in spectral hemolymph profiles were already detected after mussel acclimation (3 days at 18 or 25 °C). A significant decrease of succinic acid was accompanied by an increase of most free amino acids, mytilitol, and, to a smaller degree, osmolytes. These metabolic changes are consistent with effective osmoregulation, and the restart of aerobic respiration after the functional anaerobiosis occurred during transport. The injection of Vibrio splendidus in mussels acclimated at 18°C caused a significant decrease of several amino acids, sugars, and unassigned chemical species, more pronounced at 24 than at 12 h postinjection. Correlation heatmaps indicated dynamic metabolic adjustments and the relevance of protein turnover in maintaining the homeostasis during the response to stressful stimuli. This study confirms NMR-based metabolomics as a feasible analytical approach complementary to other omics techniques in the investigation of the functional mussel responses to environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Frizzo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Tobia Riello
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Luigi Leanza
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | | | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefano Mammi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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16
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Pereiro P, Moreira R, Novoa B, Figueras A. Differential Expression of Long Non-Coding RNA (lncRNA) in Mediterranean Mussel ( Mytilus galloprovincialis) Hemocytes under Immune Stimuli. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12091393. [PMID: 34573375 PMCID: PMC8468332 DOI: 10.3390/genes12091393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/31/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean mussel is one of the most economically relevant bivalve mollusk species in Europe and China. The absence of massive mortalities and their resistance to pathogens affecting other cultured bivalves has been under study in recent years. The transcriptome response of this species to different immune stimuli has been extensively studied, and even the complexity of its genome, which has recently been sequenced, has been suggested as one of the factors contributing to this resistance. However, studies concerning the non-coding RNA profiles remain practically unexplored-especially those corresponding to the lncRNAs. To the best of our knowledge, this is the second characterization and study of lncRNAs in this bivalve species. In this work, we identified the potential repertoire of lncRNAs expressed in mussel hemocytes, and using RNA-Seq we analyzed the lncRNA profile of mussel hemocytes stimulated in vitro with three different immune stimuli: LPS, poly I:C, and β-glucans. Compared to unstimulated hemocytes, LPS induced the highest modulation of lncRNAs, whereas poly I:C and β-glucans induced a similar discrete response. Based on the potential cis-regulatory activity of the lncRNAs, we identified the neighboring protein-coding genes of the regulated lncRNAs to estimate-at least partially-the processes in which they are implicated. After applying correlation analyses, it seems that-especially for LPS-the lncRNAs could participate in the regulation of gene expression, and substantially contribute to the immune response.
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17
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Regan T, Stevens L, Peñaloza C, Houston RD, Robledo D, Bean TP. Ancestral Physical Stress and Later Immune Gene Family Expansions Shaped Bivalve Mollusc Evolution. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:6337976. [PMID: 34343278 PMCID: PMC8382680 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs comprise 20,000 species occupying a wide diversity of marine habitats. As filter feeders and detritivores they act as ecosystem engineers clarifying water, creating reefs, and protecting coastlines. The global decline of natural oyster reefs has led to increased restoration efforts in recent years. Bivalves also play an important role in global food security contributing to >20% of worldwide aquaculture production. Despite this importance, relatively little is known about bivalve evolutionary adaptation strategies. Difficulties previously associated with highly heterozygous and repetitive regions of bivalve genomes have been overcome by long-read sequencing, enabling the generation of accurate bivalve assemblies. With these resources we have analyzed the genomes of 32 species representing each molluscan class, including 15 bivalve species, to identify gene families that have undergone expansion during bivalve evolution. Gene family expansions across bivalve genomes occur at the point of evolutionary pressures. We uncovered two key factors that shape bivalve evolutionary history: expansion of bivalvia into environmental niches with high stress followed by later exposure to specific pathogenic pressures. The conserved expansion of protein recycling gene families we found across bivalvia is mirrored by adaptations to a sedentary lifestyle seen in plants. These results reflect the ability of bivalves to tolerate high levels of environmental stress and constant exposure to pathogens as filter feeders. The increasing availability of accurate genome assemblies will provide greater resolution to these analyses allowing further points of evolutionary pressure to become clear in other understudied taxa and potentially different populations of a single species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Regan
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Lewis Stevens
- Tree of Life Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Carolina Peñaloza
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Ross D Houston
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Diego Robledo
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Tim P Bean
- The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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18
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Yao T, Lu J, Bai C, Xie Z, Ye L. The Enhanced Immune Protection in Small Abalone Haliotis diversicolor Against a Secondary Infection With Vibrio harveyi. Front Immunol 2021; 12:685896. [PMID: 34295333 PMCID: PMC8290317 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.685896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, more and more studies have shown that early pathogenic bacterial infection in invertebrates can enhance immunity and significantly reduce mortality when reinfected with the same pathogen. There are mechanisms to explain this phenomenon, but they are relatively few. In addition, dose-dependent primary infection is also associated with increased immunity. In the present study, the initial infection dose and mortality of abalone Haliotis diversicolor after reinfection with Vibrio harveyi were recorded, and the mechanism of immune enhancement was investigated by the transcriptomic response of abalone after two successive stimuli with V. harveyi. Priming with different concentrations of pathogen can enhance immunity; however, higher concentration is not always better. Compared with the first exposure, more genes were up-regulated after the second exposure. Among the commonly expressed genes, the immune related genes were significantly or persistently highly expressed after two infections and included pattern recognition receptors as well as immune effectors, such as toll-like receptors, perlucin 4, scavenger receptor class B-like protein, cytochrome P450 1B1-like, glutathione S-transferase 6, lysozyme and so on; in addition, these immune-related genes were mainly distributed in the pathways related to phagocytosis and calcium signaling. Among the specifically expressed genes, compared with the first infection, more genes were involved in the immune, metabolic and digestive pathways after the second infection, which would be more conducive to preventing the invasion of pathogens. This study outlined the mechanism of immune enhancement in abalone after secondary infection at the global molecular level, which is helpful for a comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of immune priming in invertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tuo Yao
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jie Lu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changming Bai
- Key Laboratory of Maricultural Organism Disease Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Qingdao Key Laboratory of Mariculture Epidemiology and Biosecurity, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhilv Xie
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingtong Ye
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Comparative Genomics Reveals 13 Different Isoforms of Mytimycins (A-M) in Mytilus galloprovincialis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063235. [PMID: 33810127 PMCID: PMC8004829 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mytimycins are cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides that show antifungal properties. These peptides are part of the immune network that constitutes the defense system of the Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis). The immune system of mussels has been increasingly studied in the last decade due to its great efficiency, since these molluscs, particularly resistant to adverse conditions and pathogens, are present all over the world, being considered as an invasive species. The recent sequencing of the mussel genome has greatly simplified the genetic study of some of its immune genes. In the present work, we describe a total of 106 different mytimycin variants in 16 individual mussel genomes. The 13 highly supported mytimycin clusters (A–M) identified with phylogenetic inference were found to be subject to the presence/absence variation, a widespread phenomenon in mussels. We also identified a block of conserved residues evolving under purifying selection, which may indicate the “functional core” of the mature peptide, and a conserved set of 10 invariable plus 6 accessory cysteines which constitute a plastic disulfide array. Finally, we extended the taxonomic range of distribution of mytimycins among Mytilida, identifying novel sequences in M. coruscus, M. californianus, P. viridis, L. fortunei, M. philippinarum, M. modiolus, and P. purpuratus.
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Portelinha J, Duay SS, Yu SI, Heilemann K, Libardo MDJ, Juliano SA, Klassen JL, Angeles-Boza AM. Antimicrobial Peptides and Copper(II) Ions: Novel Therapeutic Opportunities. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2648-2712. [PMID: 33524257 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of new pathogens and multidrug resistant bacteria is an important public health issue that requires the development of novel classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are a promising platform with great potential for the identification of new lead compounds that can combat the aforementioned pathogens due to their broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and relatively low rate of resistance emergence. AMPs of multicellular organisms made their debut four decades ago thanks to ingenious researchers who asked simple questions about the resistance to bacterial infections of insects. Questions such as "Do fruit flies ever get sick?", combined with pioneering studies, have led to an understanding of AMPs as universal weapons of the immune system. This review focuses on a subclass of AMPs that feature a metal binding motif known as the amino terminal copper and nickel (ATCUN) motif. One of the metal-based strategies of hosts facing a pathogen, it includes wielding the inherent toxicity of copper and deliberately trafficking this metal ion into sites of infection. The sudden increase in the concentration of copper ions in the presence of ATCUN-containing AMPs (ATCUN-AMPs) likely results in a synergistic interaction. Herein, we examine common structural features in ATCUN-AMPs that exist across species, and we highlight unique features that deserve additional attention. We also present the current state of knowledge about the molecular mechanisms behind their antimicrobial activity and the methods available to study this promising class of AMPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmin Portelinha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Searle S Duay
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Chemistry Department, Adamson University, 900 San Marcelino Street, Ermita, Manila 1000, Philippines
| | - Seung I Yu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Kara Heilemann
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - M Daben J Libardo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Samuel A Juliano
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Jonathan L Klassen
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, 91 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States.,Institute of Material Science, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
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21
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Kamata K, Mizutani K, Takahashi K, Marchetti R, Silipo A, Addy C, Park SY, Fujii Y, Fujita H, Konuma T, Ikegami T, Ozeki Y, Tame JRH. The structure of SeviL, a GM1b/asialo-GM1 binding R-type lectin from the mussel Mytilisepta virgata. Sci Rep 2020; 10:22102. [PMID: 33328520 PMCID: PMC7744527 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78926-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
SeviL is a recently isolated lectin found to bind to the linear saccharides of the ganglioside GM1b (Neu5Ac\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\alpha$$\end{document}α(2-3)Gal\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\beta$$\end{document}β(1-4)Gal\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\beta$$\end{document}β(1-4)Glc) and its precursor, asialo-GM1 (Gal\documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\beta$$\end{document}β(1-4)Glc). The crystal structures of recombinant SeviL have been determined in the presence and absence of ligand. The protein belongs to the \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$\beta$$\end{document}β-trefoil family, but shows only weak sequence similarity to known structures. SeviL forms a dimer in solution, with one binding site per subunit, close to the subunit interface. Molecular details of glycan recognition by SeviL in solution were analysed by ligand- and protein-based NMR techniques as well as ligand binding assays. SeviL shows no interaction with GM1 due to steric hindrance with the sialic acid branch that is absent from GM1b. This unusual specificity makes SeviL of great interest for the detection and control of certain cancer cells, and cells of the immune system, that display asialo-GM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Kamata
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Kenji Mizutani
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Katsuya Takahashi
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Roberta Marchetti
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Alba Silipo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Università di Napoli Federico II, Via Cintia 4, 80126, Naples, Italy
| | - Christine Addy
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Sam-Yong Park
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yuki Fujii
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- Department of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7 Huis Ten Bosch, Sasebo, Nagasaki, 859-3298, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Konuma
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Takahisa Ikegami
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Laboratory of Glycobiology and Marine Biochemistry, Graduate School of NanoBio Sciences, Yokohama City University, 22-2, Seto, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 236-0027, Japan
| | - Jeremy R H Tame
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.
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22
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Wang G, Zhang C, Huang B. Transcriptome analysis and histopathological observations of Geloina erosa gills upon Cr(VI) exposure. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2020; 231:108706. [PMID: 31927119 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The heavy metal contamination like Cr(VI) has been increased by human activities and that threats the ecosystem health of mangrove areas. Bioindicator is an emerging tool in the environmental contamination assessment. The objective of this study was to investigate the Geloina erosa response mechanisms and sensitivities of several biomarkers in the Cr(VI) exposure and identify the G. erosa capability of being used as heavy metals bioindicator. In this study, G. erosa was exposed to 100 μmol·L-1 Cr(VI) for 48 h. After transcriptome sequencing, a total of 134,817 unigenes were obtained, including 12,555 up-regulated and 18,829 down-regulated differentially expressed genes and were validated through quantitative real-time PCR. In addition, a total of 12,185 SSRs and 1,428,214 candidate SNPs were identified from all the G. erosa transcriptome libraries. Histopathology of the gill indicated the Cr(VI) exposure induced damage of the organ leading to its immunization, detoxification or apoptosis reactions. Among eight genes of the selected biomarkers, Calm, HSP70, CYP450, ATG5, TLR2, MYD88 and CASP8 were up-regulated, while TLR4 was down-regulated in response to the Cr(VI) exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongsi Wang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228,PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Chengkai Zhang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228,PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China
| | - Bo Huang
- College of Marine Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228,PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Hydrobiology and Biotechnology of Hainan Province, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources in Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, PR China.
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23
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Lin Y, Mao F, Wong NK, Zhang X, Liu K, Huang M, Ma H, Xiang Z, Li J, Xiao S, Zhang Y, Yu Z. Phagocyte Transcriptomic Analysis Reveals Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans (HSPGs) as Major Regulators in Anti-bacterial Defense of Crassostrea hongkongensis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:416. [PMID: 32265912 PMCID: PMC7103635 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Invertebrates generally lack adaptive immunity and compensate for this with highly efficient innate immune machineries such as phagocytosis by hemocytes to eradicate invading pathogens. However, how extrinsically cued hemocytes marshal internal signals to accomplish phagocytosis is not yet fully understood. To this end, we established a facile magnetic cell sorting method to enrich professional phagocytes from hemocytes of the Hong Kong oyster (Crassostrea hongkongensis), an ecologically and commercially valuable marine invertebrate. Transcriptomic analysis on presorted cells shows that phagocytes maintain a remarkable array of differentially expressed genes that distinguish them from non-phagocytes, including 352 significantly upregulated genes and 479 downregulated genes. Pathway annotations reveal that focal adhesion and extracellular matrix–receptor interactions were the most conspicuously enriched pathways in phagocytes. Phagocytosis rate dramatically declined in the presence of an FAK inhibitor, confirming importance of the focal adhesion pathway in regulating phagocytosis. In addition, we also found that heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG) families were lineage-specifically expanded in C. hongkongensis and abundantly expressed in phagocytes. Efficiency of phagocytosis and hemocytes aggregation was markedly reduced upon blockage of endogenous synthesis of HSPGs, thus implicating these proteins as key surface receptors in pathogen recognition and initiation of phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Mao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Kunna Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minwei Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Ma
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Xiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu Xiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziniu Yu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou, China.,Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering (ISEE), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China.,Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Sousa H, Hinzmann M. Review: Antibacterial components of the Bivalve's immune system and the potential of freshwater bivalves as a source of new antibacterial compounds. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:971-980. [PMID: 31676427 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.10.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial research is reaching new heights due to the increasing demand for the discovery of new substances capable of inhibiting bacteria, especially to respond to the appearance of more and more multi-resistant strains. Bivalves show enormous potential for the finding of new antibacterial compounds, although for that to be further explored, more research needs to be made regarding the immune system of these organisms. Beyond their primary cellular component responsible for bacterial recognition and destruction, the haemocytes, bivalves have various other antibacterial units dissolved in the haemolymph that intervene in the defense against bacterial infections, from the recognition factors that detect different bacteria to the effector molecules carrying destructive properties. Moreover, to better comprehend the immune system, it is important to understand the different survival strategies that bacteria possess in order to stay alive from the host's defenses. This work reviews the current literature regarding the components that intervene in a bacterial infection, as well as discussing the enormous potential that freshwater bivalves have in the discovery of new antibacterial compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Sousa
- ICBAS - Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Mariana Hinzmann
- ICBAS - Abel Salazar Institute of Biomedical Sciences, R. Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313, Porto, Portugal; CIIMAR - Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research, Terminal de Cruzeiros de Leixões, Av. General Norton de Matos, 4450-208, Matosinhos, Portugal.
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25
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Greco S, Gerdol M, Edomi P, Pallavicini A. Molecular Diversity of Mytilin-Like Defense Peptides in Mytilidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia). Antibiotics (Basel) 2020; 9:E37. [PMID: 31963793 PMCID: PMC7168163 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The CS-αβ architecture is a structural scaffold shared by a high number of small, cationic, cysteine-rich defense peptides, found in nearly all the major branches of the tree of life. Although several CS-αβ peptides involved in innate immune response have been described so far in bivalve mollusks, a clear-cut definition of their molecular diversity is still lacking, leaving the evolutionary relationship among defensins, mytilins, myticins and other structurally similar antimicrobial peptides still unclear. In this study, we performed a comprehensive bioinformatic screening of the genomes and transcriptomes available for marine mussels (Mytilida), redefining the distribution of mytilin-like CS-αβ peptides, which in spite of limited primary sequence similarity maintain in all cases a well-conserved backbone, stabilized by four disulfide bonds. Variations in the size of the alpha-helix and the two antiparallel beta strand region, as well as the positioning of the cysteine residues involved in the formation of the C1-C5 disulfide bond might allow a certain degree of structural flexibility, whose functional implications remain to be investigated. The identification of mytilins in Trichomya and Perna spp. revealed that many additional CS-αβ AMPs remain to be formally described and functionally characterized in Mytilidae, and suggest that a more robust scheme should be used for the future classification of such peptides with respect with their evolutionary origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuele Greco
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (P.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (P.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Paolo Edomi
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (P.E.); (A.P.)
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; (S.G.); (P.E.); (A.P.)
- National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics, 34151 Trieste, Italy
- Anton Dohrn Zoological Station, 80121 Naples, Italy
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26
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Hansen IKØ, Isaksson J, Poth AG, Hansen KØ, Andersen AJC, Richard CSM, Blencke HM, Stensvåg K, Craik DJ, Haug T. Isolation and Characterization of Antimicrobial Peptides with Unusual Disulfide Connectivity from the Colonial Ascidian Synoicum turgens. Mar Drugs 2020; 18:md18010051. [PMID: 31940927 PMCID: PMC7024374 DOI: 10.3390/md18010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study reports the isolation of two novel cysteine-rich antibacterial peptides, turgencin A and turgencin B, along with their oxidized derivatives, from the Arctic marine colonial ascidian Synoicum turgens. The peptides are post-translationally modified, containing six cysteines with an unusual disulfide connectivity of Cys1-Cys6, Cys2-Cys5, and Cys3-Cys4 and an amidated C-terminus. Furthermore, the peptides contain methionine residues resulting in the isolation of peptides with different degrees of oxidation. The most potent peptide, turgencin AMox1 with one oxidized methionine, displayed antimicrobial activity against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria with a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as low as 0.4 µM against selected bacterial strains. In addition, the peptide inhibited the growth of the melanoma cancer cell line A2058 (IC50 = 1.4 µM) and the human fibroblast cell line MRC-5 (IC50 = 4.8 µM). The results from this study show that natural peptides isolated from marine tunicates have the potential to be promising drug leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ida K. Ø. Hansen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.Ø.H.); (T.H.); Tel.: +47-77-64-92-66 (I.K.Ø.H.); +47-77-64-60-71 (T.H.)
| | - Johan Isaksson
- Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Aaron G. Poth
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia; (A.G.P.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Kine Ø. Hansen
- Marbio, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037, Tromsø, Norway;
| | - Aaron J. C. Andersen
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Céline S. M. Richard
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Hans-Matti Blencke
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
| | - Klara Stensvåg
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
| | - David J. Craik
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Queensland, Australia; (A.G.P.); (D.J.C.)
| | - Tor Haug
- Norwegian College of Fishery Science, Faculty of Biosciences, Fisheries and Economics, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Breivika, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway (C.S.M.R.); (H.-M.B.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.Ø.H.); (T.H.); Tel.: +47-77-64-92-66 (I.K.Ø.H.); +47-77-64-60-71 (T.H.)
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27
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Charles M, Trancart S, Oden E, Houssin M. Experimental infection of Mytilus edulis by two Vibrio splendidus-related strains: Determination of pathogenicity level of strains and influence of the origin and annual cycle of mussels on their sensitivity. JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES 2020; 43:9-21. [PMID: 31659783 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.13094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed at assessing the pathogenicity of two Vibrio splendidus-related species and evaluating the influence of the origin and annual life cycle of mussels on their sensitivity during a bacterial challenge. Thus, in vivo infection assays were made with Vibrio crassostreae 7T4_12 and Vibrio splendidus 3G1_6, over, respectively, thirteen and 9 months, on adult blue mussels from five recruitment areas in France. Two bacterial concentrations were tested: one consistent with the loads of Vibrio spp. in environment and mussel tissues (~105 CFU/ml) and another one much higher (~108 CFU/ml). The tested environmental concentration has no pathogenic effect whatever the time of year, the strain used and the origin of mussels. However, at the highest concentration, a pathogenic effect was observed only at specific moments, and one of the origins appeared to be more resistant. The physiological state of mussels-depending on the time of year-seemed significant in mussels' sensitivity, as their recruitment origin. This study is the first to test the pathogenicity of V. splendidus-related strains at concentrations close to what is found in the wild, over the annual cycle of mussels, and considering their origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Charles
- UMR BOREA, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, MNHN, UPMC, UCN, Esplanade de la Paix, Normandie Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Maryline Houssin
- UMR BOREA, CNRS-7208, IRD-207, MNHN, UPMC, UCN, Esplanade de la Paix, Normandie Université, Université de Caen Normandie, Caen, France
- LABÉO Frank Duncombe, Caen, France
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Fujii Y, Gerdol M, Kawsar SMA, Hasan I, Spazzali F, Yoshida T, Ogawa Y, Rajia S, Kamata K, Koide Y, Sugawara S, Hosono M, Tame JRH, Fujita H, Pallavicini A, Ozeki Y. A GM1b/asialo-GM1 oligosaccharide-binding R-type lectin from purplish bifurcate mussels Mytilisepta virgata and its effect on MAP kinases. FEBS J 2019; 287:2612-2630. [PMID: 31769916 PMCID: PMC7317968 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A 15‐kDa lectin, termed SeviL, was isolated from Mytilisepta virgata (purplish bifurcate mussel). SeviL forms a noncovalent dimer that binds strongly to ganglio‐series GM1b oligosaccharide (Neu5Acɑ2‐3Galβ1‐3GalNAcβ1‐4Galβ1‐4Glc) and its precursor, asialo‐GM1 (Galβ1‐3GalNAcβ1‐4Galβ1‐4Glc). SeviL also interacts weakly with the glycan moiety of SSEA‐4 hexaose (Neu5Acα2‐3Galβ1‐3GalNAcβ1‐3Galα1‐4Galβ1‐4Glc). A partial protein sequence of the lectin was determined by mass spectrometry, and the complete sequence was identified from transcriptomic analysis. SeviL, consisting of 129 amino acids, was classified as an R(icin B)‐type lectin, based on the presence of the QxW motif characteristic of this fold. SeviL mRNA is highly expressed in gills and, in particular, mantle rim tissues. Orthologue sequences were identified in other species of the family Mytilidae, including Mytilus galloprovincialis, from which lectin MytiLec‐1 was isolated and characterized in our previous studies. Thus, mytilid species contain lectins belonging to at least two distinct families (R‐type lectins and mytilectins) that have a common β‐trefoil fold structure but differing glycan‐binding specificities. SeviL displayed notable cytotoxic (apoptotic) effects against various cultured cell lines (human breast, ovarian, and colonic cancer; dog kidney) that possess asialo‐GM1 oligosaccharide at the cell surface. This cytotoxic effect was inhibited by the presence of anti‐asialo‐GM1 oligosaccharide antibodies. With HeLa ovarian cancer cells, SeviL showed dose‐ and time‐dependent activation of kinase MKK3/6, p38 MAPK, and caspase‐3/9. The transduction pathways activated by SeviL via the glycosphingolipid oligosaccharide were triggered apoptosis. Database Nucleotide sequence data have been deposited in the GenBank database under accession numbers MK434191, MK434192, MK434193, MK434194, MK434195, MK434196, MK434197, MK434198, MK434199, MK434200, and MK434201.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy
| | - Sarkar M A Kawsar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh.,School of Sciences, Yokohama City University, Japan
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- School of Sciences, Yokohama City University, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Tatsusada Yoshida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Yukiko Ogawa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Sultana Rajia
- School of Sciences, Yokohama City University, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Varendra University, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Kenichi Kamata
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Japan
| | | | - Shigeki Sugawara
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hosono
- Institute of Molecular Biomembrane and Glycobiology, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Jeremy R H Tame
- Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, Japan
| | - Hideaki Fujita
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Japan
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Italy.,Department of Biology and Evolution of Marine Organisms, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli, Italy
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Rosani U, Domeneghetti S, Gerdol M, Pallavicini A, Venier P. Expansion and loss events characterized the occurrence of MIF-like genes in bivalves. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 93:39-49. [PMID: 31306763 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 06/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) dynamically connects innate and adaptive immune systems in vertebrate animals, allowing highly orchestrated systemic responses to various insults. The occurrence of MIF-like genes in non-vertebrate organisms suggests its origin from an ancestral metazoan gene, whose function is still a matter of debate. In the present work, by analyzing available genomic and transcriptomic data from bivalve mollusks, we identified 137 MIF-like sequences, which were classified into three types, based on phylogeny and conservation of key residues: MIF, D-DT, and the lineage-specific type MDL. Comparative genomics revealed syntenic conservation of homologous genes at the family level, the loss of D-DT in the Ostreidae family as well as the expansion of MIF-like genes in the Mytilidae family, possibly underpinning the neofunctionalization of duplicated gene copies. In M. galloprovincialis, MIF and one D-DT were mostly expressed in haemocytes and mantle rim of untreated animals, while D-DT paralogs often showed very limited expression, suggesting an accessory role or their persistence as relict genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Rosani
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy; AWI Alfred Wegener Institute, Coastal Ecology, Hafenstraße 43, 25992, List auf Sylt, Germany.
| | - Stefania Domeneghetti
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgeri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgeri 5, 34127, Trieste, Italy
| | - Paola Venier
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, via U. Bassi 58/b, 35121, Padova, Italy.
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30
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Gu B, Liang W, Yang T, Hu Z, Shen H. Metallothionein, hemocyte status and superoxide dismutase/aspartate aminotransferase activity are sensitive biomarkers of cadmium stress in Onchidium reevesii. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 215:105284. [PMID: 31479758 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Metal pollution in the environment is a serious threat to the biological sustainability of coastal ecosystems. However, our current understanding of the biological effects of metals in these ecosystems is limited. Herein, we investigated the responses of the sea slug Onchidium reevesii to persistent sublethal Cd environmental stress. Dynamic expression was analyzed using various biomarkers. The full-length cDNA of O. reevesii metallothionein (MT) was cloned and consists of 1639 nucleotides encoding a 65 amino acid polypeptide. Phylogenetic analysis showed that Or-MT has conserved Cys residues typical of MTs, including a typical Cys-X-Cys motif, implying that it can function the same as the MT of other shellfish. Expression of Or-MT in response to Cd varied in different tissues, and was highest in gastropod tissues. Thus, regiotemporal expression of MT may be useful for assessing pollution in coastal areas. Cellular immunity (in the hemolymph) and enzyme activity (in the hepatopancreas) were investigated along with hemocyte viability, hemocyte phagocytosis, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities. Hemocyte viability was elevated under continuous Cd exposure but hemocyte phagocytosis was decreased. SOD and AST activities in the hepatopancreas fluctuated considerably, and SOD activity was more sensitive. SOD activity was lowest at 4 h and highest at 12 h, while AST activity peaked at 2 h and was lowest at 48 h. Thus, changes in enzyme activity may reveal adaptation to stress. Furthermore, the response patterns of certain enzymes, cellular immunity, and MT expression in O. reevesii could serve as biomarkers of Cd pollution in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingning Gu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Wei Liang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tiezhu Yang
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhongjun Hu
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Heding Shen
- National Demonstration Center for Experimental Fisheries Science Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Aquaculture, Shanghai 201306, China; Shanghai Universities Key Laboratory of Marine Animal Taxonomy and Evolution, Shanghai 201306, China.
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31
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He J, Liang H, Zhu J, Fang X. Separation, identification and gene expression analysis of PmAMP-1 from Pinctada fucata martensii. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 92:728-735. [PMID: 31279079 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Antibacterial peptides (AMPs) constitute an important part of the body's innate immune system and are responsible for a wide range of inhibitory effects against pathogens such as bacteria, fungi, and viruses. In this study, multi-step high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), combined with Mass Spectrometry (MS), was used to isolate and identify proteins with antibacterial activity from the serum of Pinctada fucata martensii (P.f. Martensii) and obtain a component named P.f. Martensii antimicrobial peptide-1 (PmAMP-1). PmAMP-1 cDNA was cloned and sequenced by rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and mRNA expression of was analyzed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). From the results of this study, full-length PmAMP-1 cDNA was shown to be 700 base pairs (bp) long with an open reading frame (ORF) of 294 bp, encoding 97 amino acids with a predicted structure that is mostly α-helices. PmAMP-1 mRNA was constitutively expressed in all tested tissues including the adductor muscle, mantle, hepatopancreas, gill, gonads and hemocytes. The highest level of PmAMP-1 transcription was observed at 8 h and 2 h after bacterial challenge in hemocytes and adductor muscle (p < 0.01), respectively. Furthermore, PmAMP-1 caused significant morphological alterations in E. coli, as shown by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results from this study provide a valuable base for further exploration of molluscan innate immunity and immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun He
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Haiying Liang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China.
| | - Jiaping Zhu
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xiaochen Fang
- Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China
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32
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Rey-Campos M, Moreira R, Gerdol M, Pallavicini A, Novoa B, Figueras A. Immune Tolerance in Mytilus galloprovincialis Hemocytes After Repeated Contact With Vibrio splendidus. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1894. [PMID: 31447861 PMCID: PMC6697025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mediterranean mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) are sessile filter feeders that live in close contact with numerous marine microorganisms. As is the case in all invertebrates, mussels lack an adaptive immune system, but they respond to pathogens, injuries or environmental stress in a very efficient manner. However, it is not known if they are able to modify their immune response when they reencounter the same pathogen. In this work, we studied the transcriptomic response of mussel hemocytes before and after two consecutive sublethal challenges with Vibrio splendidus. The first exposure significantly regulated genes related to inflammation, migration and response to bacteria. However, after the second exposure, the differentially expressed genes were related to the control and inhibition of ROS production and the resolution of the inflammatory response. Our results also show that the second injection with V. splendidus led to changes at the transcriptional (control of the expression of pro-inflammatory transcripts), cellular (shift in the hemocyte population distribution), and functional levels (inhibition of ROS production). These results suggest that a modified immune response after the second challenge allowed the mussels to tolerate rather than fight the infection, which minimized tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alberto Pallavicini
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.,Istituto Nazionale di Oceanografia e di Geofisica Sperimentale - OGS, Trieste, Italy
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), CSIC, Vigo, Spain
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33
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Parisi MG, Maisano M, Cappello T, Oliva S, Mauceri A, Toubiana M, Cammarata M. Responses of marine mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) after infection with the pathogen Vibrio splendidus. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2019; 221:1-9. [PMID: 30905845 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Bivalve molluscs possess effective cellular and humoral defence mechanisms against bacterial infection. Although the immune responses of mussels to challenge with pathogenic vibrios have been largely investigated, the effects at the site of injection at the tissue level have not been so far evaluated. To this aim, mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis were herein in vivo challenged with Vibrio splendidus to assess the responses induced in hemolymph and posterior adductor muscle (PAM), being the site of bacterial infection. The number of living intra-hemocyte bacteria increased after the first hour post-injection (p.i.), suggesting the occurrence of an intense phagocytosis, while clearance was observed within 24 h p.i. A recruitment of hemocytes at the injection site was found in mussel PAM, together with marked morphological changes in the volume of muscular fibers, with a recovery of muscle tissue organization after 48 h p.i. A concomitant impairment in the osmoregulatory processes were observed in PAM by an initial inhibition of aquaporins and increased immunopositivity of Na+/K+ ATPase ionic pump, strictly related to the histological alterations and hemocyte infiltration detected in PAM. Accordingly, an intense cell turnover activity was also recorded following the infection event. Overall, results indicated the hemolymph as the system responsible for the physiological adaptations in mussels to stressful factors, such as pathogenicity, for the maintenance of homeostasis and immune defence. Also, the osmotic balance and cell turnover can be used as objective diagnostic criteria to evaluate the physiological state of mussels following bacterial infection, which may be relevant in aquaculture and biomonitoring studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Giovanna Parisi
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Maria Maisano
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Sabrina Oliva
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Angela Mauceri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Mylene Toubiana
- HSM, University of Montpellier, IRD, CNRS, Montpellier, France
| | - Matteo Cammarata
- Marine Immunobiology Laboratory, Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra e del Mare, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
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34
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Figueras A, Moreira R, Sendra M, Novoa B. Genomics and immunity of the Mediterranean mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis in a changing environment. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 90:440-445. [PMID: 31048040 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.04.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) is a marine invasive species cultured all over the world. Mussels are an appreciated resource in local aquaculture enterprises because of their robust production and resilience that translates into a reliable economic value. So far, no massive mortalities have been reported in natural or cultured populations of this species. In the last years, the knowledge about its immune system has greatly improved but there are still many questions to be answered. One of them is why mussels, with their high filtering activity, are able to be exposed to a high number of potential pathogens without getting infected and without developing an elevated inflammatory response. The sequencing of the mussel genome has revealed a very complex organization with high heterozygosity, abundance of repetitive sequences and extreme intraspecific sequence diversity among individuals, mainly in immune related genes. Among those genes, antimicrobial peptides are the most expressed gene families in mussels, highly polymorphic and with antimicrobial effect against molluscs pathogens, but also against pathogens of lower vertebrates and humans. The combination of a complex genome with the adaptation of mussel immune system to a changing environment could explain this high variability, not only in immune-related genes, but also in the functional response among individuals sampled in the same location and date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Figueras
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain.
| | - Rebeca Moreira
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Marta Sendra
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Institute of Marine Research (IIM), National Research Council (CSIC), Eduardo Cabello 6, 36208, Vigo, Spain
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35
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Bouallegui Y. Immunity in mussels: An overview of molecular components and mechanisms with a focus on the functional defenses. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2019; 89:158-169. [PMID: 30930277 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Bivalves' immunity has received much more attention in the last decade, which resulted to a valuable growth in the availability of its molecular components. Such data availability coupled with the economical importance of these organisms aimed to shift the increase in the number of immunological and stress-related studies. Unfortunately, the crowd of generated data deciphering the involved physiological processes, investigators' differential conceptualization and the aimed objectives, has complicated the sensu stricto outlining of immune-related mechanisms. Overall, this review tried to compiles a summary about the molecular components of the mussels' immune response, surveying an overview of the mussels' functional immunity through gathering the most recent-related topics of bivalves' immunity as apoptosis and autophagy which deserves a great attention as stress-related mechanisms, the disseminated neoplasia as outbreak transmissible disease, not only within the same specie but also among different species, the hematopoiesis as topic that still generating interesting debate in the scientific community, the mucosal immunity described as the interface where host-pathogen interactions would occurs and determinate the late immune response, and innate immune memory and transgenerational priming, which described as very recent research topic with extensive applications in shellfish farming industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Younes Bouallegui
- University of Carthage, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, LR01ES14 Laboratory of Environmental Biomonitoring, Zarzouna, 7021, Bizerte, Tunisia.
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36
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Leprêtre M, Almunia C, Armengaud J, Salvador A, Geffard A, Palos-Ladeiro M. The immune system of the freshwater zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha, decrypted by proteogenomics of hemocytes and plasma compartments. J Proteomics 2019; 202:103366. [PMID: 31015035 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2019.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The immune system of bivalves is of great interest since it reflects the health status of these organisms during stressful conditions. While immune molecular responses are well documented for marine bivalves, few information is available for continental bivalves such as the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha. A proteogenomic approach was conducted on both hemocytes and plasma to identified immune proteins of this non-model species. Combining transcriptomic sequences with mass spectrometry data acquired on proteins is a relevant strategy since 3020 proteins were identified, representing the largest protein inventory for this sentinel organism. Functional annotation and gene ontology (GO) analysis performed on the identified proteins described the main molecular players of hemocytes and plasma in immunity. GO analysis highlights the complementary immune functions of these two compartments in the management of micro-organisms. Functional annotation revealed new mechanisms in the immune defence of the zebra mussel. Proteins rarely observed in the hemolymph of bivalves were pinpointed such as natterin-like and thaumatin-like proteins. Furthermore, the high abundance of complement-related proteins observed in plasma suggested a strong implication of the complement system in the immune defence of D. polymorpha. This work brings a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in zebra mussel immunity. SIGNIFICANCE: Although the molecular mechanisms of marine bivalves are widely investigated, little information is known for continental bivalves. Moreover, few proteomic studies described the complementarity of both hemolymphatic compartments (cellular and plasmatic) in the immune defence of invertebrates. The recent proteogenomics concept made it possible to discover proteins in non-model organisms. Here, we propose a proteogenomic strategy with the zebra mussel, a key sentinel species for biomonitoring of freshwater, to identify and describe the molecular actors involved in the immune system in both hemocytes and plasma compartments. More widely, this study provided new insight into bivalve immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Leprêtre
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Unité Stress Environnementaux et, BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 51687, Reims, CEDEX, France; Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Christine Almunia
- Laboratoire Innovations Technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Laboratoire Innovations Technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), CEA, INRA, F-30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Arnaud Salvador
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut des Sciences Analytiques, CNRS UMR 5280, F-69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Alain Geffard
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Unité Stress Environnementaux et, BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 51687, Reims, CEDEX, France
| | - Mélissa Palos-Ladeiro
- Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH SEBIO Unité Stress Environnementaux et, BIOsurveillance des milieux aquatiques, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus du Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039 51687, Reims, CEDEX, France.
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Détrée C, Gallardo-Escárate C. Single and repetitive microplastics exposures induce immune system modulation and homeostasis alteration in the edible mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 83:52-60. [PMID: 30195903 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Seashore invertebrates such as mussels are exposed to multiple bouts of pollution related to human activities. Plastic debris originating from land-based activities are a concerning issue as they may be fragmented in smaller pieces (microplastics, < 5 mm diameter) which have an excellent potential for uptake by a large variety of animals. Here, we set out to explore the whole transcriptome profiling of Mytilus galloprovincialis associated with temporal variability of microplastics concentrations. Mussels were submitted to (i) a single 18 days-exposure to a concentration of microplastics found during pollution events (4.6 E+5 polyethylene microbeads L-1), (ii) a recovery period to investigate the reversibility of microplastics effects and (iii) a repeated exposure to microplastics to evidence acclimation to microplastics pollution events. Overall, 18 days-exposure to microplastics was mostly associated with disruption of mussel global homeostasis resulting in the production of stress and immune-related proteins and as a consequence, a diminution of energy allocated to growth. During the recovery period, a contrasting response was observed with the activation of apoptotic processes and the up-regulation of immune-receptors and stress-related proteins (glutathione peroxidase, hsp70) in mussels previously exposed to microplastics. These divergent responses, suggest that the establishment of compensatory mechanism as an attempt to recover, is not sufficient to counteract physiological stress induced by the first exposure. Finally, the differences observed in gene expression between single and repeated exposures to microplastics suggest, under the experimental conditions tested, that mussels may be able to establish a stress-memory upon microplastics exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Détrée
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile
| | - Cristian Gallardo-Escárate
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Aquatic Genomics, Interdisciplinary Center for Aquaculture Research (INCAR), University of Concepcion, Concepción, Chile.
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38
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Fujii Y, Gerdol M, Hasan I, Koide Y, Matsuzaki R, Ikeda M, Rajia S, Ogawa Y, Kawsar SMA, Ozeki Y. Phylogeny and Properties of a Novel Lectin Family with β-Trefoil Folding in Mussels. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1717.1e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi
| | - Yasuhiro Koide
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Risa Matsuzaki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Mayu Ikeda
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Sultana Rajia
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Varendra University
| | - Yukiko Ogawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - S. M. Abe Kawsar
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
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Fujii Y, Gerdol M, Hasan I, Koide Y, Matsuzaki R, Ikeda M, Rajia S, Ogawa Y, Kawsar SMA, Ozeki Y. Phylogeny and Properties of a Novel Lectin Family with β-Trefoil Folding in Mussels. TRENDS GLYCOSCI GLYC 2018. [DOI: 10.4052/tigg.1717.1j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Fujii
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - Marco Gerdol
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste
| | - Imtiaj Hasan
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi
| | - Yasuhiro Koide
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Risa Matsuzaki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Mayu Ikeda
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
| | - Sultana Rajia
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Varendra University
| | - Yukiko Ogawa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University
| | - S. M. Abe Kawsar
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Chittagong
| | - Yasuhiro Ozeki
- Department of Life and Environmental System Science, Yokohama City University
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Prego-Faraldo MV, Martínez L, Méndez J. RNA-Seq Analysis for Assessing the Early Response to DSP Toxins in Mytilus galloprovincialis Digestive Gland and Gill. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10100417. [PMID: 30332849 PMCID: PMC6215123 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10100417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The harmful effects of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) toxins on mammalian cell lines have been widely assessed. Studies in bivalves suggest that mussels display a resistance to the cytogenotoxic effects of DSP toxins. Further, it seems that the bigger the exposure, the more resistant mussels become. To elucidate the early genetic response of mussels against these toxins, the digestive gland and the gill transcriptomes of Mytilus galloprovincialis after Prorocentrum lima exposure (100,000 cells/L, 48 h) were de novo assembled based on the sequencing of 8 cDNA libraries obtained using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The assembly provided 95,702 contigs. A total of 2286 and 4523 differentially expressed transcripts were obtained in the digestive gland and the gill, respectively, indicating tissue-specific transcriptome responses. These transcripts were annotated and functionally enriched, showing 44 and 60 significant Pfam families in the digestive gland and the gill, respectively. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was performed to validate the differential expression patterns of several genes related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, energy production, genome integrity and defense, suggesting their participation in the protective mechanism. This work provides knowledge of the early response against DSP toxins in the mussel M. galloprovincialis and useful information for further research on the molecular mechanisms of the bivalve resistance to these toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Verónica Prego-Faraldo
- Grupo Xenomar, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias and CICA (Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Luisa Martínez
- Grupo Xenomar, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias and CICA (Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
| | - Josefina Méndez
- Grupo Xenomar, Departamento de Bioloxía, Facultade de Ciencias and CICA (Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas), Universidade da Coruña, Campus de A Zapateira, 15071 A Coruña, Spain.
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41
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Kim BM, Ahn DH, Kim H, Lee JS, Rhee JS, Park H. Transcriptome profiling suggests roles of innate immunity and digestion metabolism in purplish Washington clam. Genes Genomics 2018; 41:183-191. [PMID: 30306501 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-018-0750-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The purplish Washington clam (Saxidomus purpuratus) in the family Veneridae is distributed widely along the intertidal zones of northeast Asia and is increasingly being utilized as a commercially important food resource. Bivalves maintain homeostasis by regulating their food intake and digestion, innate immunity, and biotransformation in a mollusk-specific organ, the digestive gland. To understand digestive gland-specific pathways, we generated a high-quality de novo assembly of the digestive gland transcriptome of this clam using the Illumina Miseq platform. A total of 9.9 million raw reads were obtained and assembled using the Oases assembly platform, resulting in 27,358 contigs with an N50 of 433 bp. Functional gene annotations were performed using Gene Ontology, Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups, and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses. In the transcriptome, many crucial genes involved in innate immunity and digestion metabolism were detected. A number of enzymes associated with drug metabolism were annotated, as much as that identified from the whole transcriptome of the Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas. We provide valuable sequence information of S. purpuratus to predict functional understandings of the bivalve-specific digestive gland. This resource will be valuable for researchers comparing gene compositions and their expression levels in the digestive glands of bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Mi Kim
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Do-Hwan Ahn
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea
| | - Jung Sick Lee
- Department of Aqualife Medicine, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, South Korea.
| | - Jae-Sung Rhee
- Department of Marine Science, College of Natural Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea. .,Research Institute of Basic Sciences, Incheon National University, Incheon, 22012, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Park
- Unit of Polar Genomics, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, 21990, South Korea. .,Polar Sciences, University of Science & Technology, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, South Korea.
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Moreira R, Pereiro P, Balseiro P, Milan M, Pauletto M, Bargelloni L, Novoa B, Figueras A. Revealing Mytilus galloprovincialis transcriptomic profiles during ontogeny. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 84:292-306. [PMID: 29481906 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2018.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/23/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mediterranean mussels are a worldwide spread bivalve species with extraordinary biological success. One of the reasons of this success could be the reproduction strategy of bivalves, characterized by the presence of trochophore larvae. Larval development in bivalves has been a topic of raising interest in the scientific community but it deserves much more attention. The principal objective of this work was to study the transcriptomic profile of the ontogeny of Mytilus galloprovincialis analyzing the gene expression in different developmental stages, from oocytes to juveniles. For this purpose, after conducting a 454 sequencing of the transcriptomes of mussel hemocytes, adult tissues and larvae, a new DNA microarray was designed and developed. The studied developmental stages: unfertilized oocytes, veliger, pediveliger, settled larvae and juveniles, showed very different transcriptomic profiles and clustered in groups defining their characteristic gene expression along ontogeny. Our results show that oocytes present a distinct and characteristic transcriptome. After metamorphosis, both settled larvae and juveniles showed a very similar transcriptome, with no enriched GO terms found between these two stages. This suggests: 1.- the progressive loss of RNA of maternal origin through larval development and 2.- the stabilization of the gene expression after settlement. On the other hand during metamorphosis a specific profile of differentially expressed genes was found. These genes were related to processes such as differentiation and biosynthesis. Processes related to the immune response were strongly down regulated. These suggest a development commitment at the expense of other non-essential functions, which are temporary set aside. Immune genes such as antimicrobial peptides suffer a decreased expression during metamorphosis. In fact, we found that the oocytes which express a higher quantity of genes such as myticins are more likely to reach success of the offspring, compared to oocytes poor in such mRNAs, whose progeny died before reaching metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Moreira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Patricia Pereiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Pablo Balseiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain; Uni Research Environment, Uni Research AS, Nygårdsgaten 112, 5008 Bergen, Norway.
| | - Massimo Milan
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Marianna Pauletto
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) University of Padova, Viale dell'Università 16, 35020 Legnaro, Italy.
| | - Beatriz Novoa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
| | - Antonio Figueras
- Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, IIM - CSIC, Eduardo Cabello, 6, 36208 Vigo, Spain.
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Wu H, Zhong M, Lu Z, Shan X, Li F, Ji C, Cong M. Biological effects of tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP) on immunity in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 61:102-106. [PMID: 29879610 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Organophosphate flame retardants (OPFRs) are increasingly produced and used as alternatives of brominated flame-retardants (BFRs) and have become emerging marine environmental contaminants. So far, however, little is known regarding the biological effects of OPFRs in marine organisms. In this study, the biological effects of one of the most abundant OPFRs, tris (1-chloro-2-propyl) phosphate (TCPP), on the immunity in mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis were characterized by testing the reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, antioxidant system and immunity related gene expressions. Results indicated that both TCPP exposures (10 and 100 nmol L-1) significantly (p < 0.01) enhanced reactive oxygen species production and the high dose of TCPP induced more apoptosis and oxidative stress in mussel hemocytes. TCPP also induced an obvious hormesis phenomenon (low dose inhibition and high dose stimulation) in mussel hemocytes, as indicated by the gene expression profiles of caspase 8 and mytimacin. The down-regulated gene expression levels of lysozymes suggested that both TCPP exposures inhibited the innate immunity in mussel M. galloprovincialis. The significantly (p < 0.01) increased gene expression levels of TLR, galectin, PGRP and LITAF demonstrated that TCPP induced dose-dependent immune stress in mussels. Overall, this work suggested that TCPP could influence the immune system in marine mussel M. galloprovincialis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huifeng Wu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Mingyu Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Zhen Lu
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Xiujuan Shan
- Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Fei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China
| | - Chenglong Ji
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Ming Cong
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research (YIC), Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS), Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Coastal Zone Environmental Processes, YICCAS, Yantai, 264003, PR China.
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Xu M, Wu J, Ge D, Wu C, Lv Z, Liao Z, Liu H. A novel toll-like receptor from Mytilus coruscus is induced in response to stress. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 78:331-337. [PMID: 29709593 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.04.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor (TLR) is considered to be an evolutionarily conserved transmembrane protein which promotes the Toll signal pathway to active the expression of transcription factors in the innate immunity of the organism. In this study, a full length of TLR homologue of 2525bp in Mytilus coruscus (named as McTLR-a, GenBank accession no: KY940571) was characterized. Its ORF was 1815 bp with a 5'untranslated region (UTR) of 128 bp and a 3'UTR of 582 bp, encoding 602 amino acid residues with a calculated molecular weight of 70.870 kDa (pI = 6.10). BLASTn analysis and phylogenetic relationship strongly suggested that this cDNA sequence was a member of TLR family. Quantitative real time RT-PCR showed that constitutive expression of McTLR-a was occurred, with increasing order in hemocyte, gonad, mantle, adducter, gill and hepatopancreas. Bacterial infection and heavy metals stimulation up-regulated the expression of McTLR-a mRNA in hepatopancreas with time-dependent manners. The maximum expression appeared at 12 h after pathogenic bacteria injection, with approximately 22-fold in Aeromonas hydrophila and 17-fold in Vibrio parahemolyticus higher than that of the blank group. In heavy metals stress group, they all reached peaks at 3d, while the diverse concentration caused the maximum expression were different. The highest expression reached approximately 7-fold higher than the blank in low concentration of Pb2+ exposure. In Cu2+ treated group, it reached the peak (approximately 12-fold higher than the blank)in middle concentration. These results indicated that McTLR-a might be involved in the defense response and had a significant role in mediating the environmental stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengshan Xu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Jiong Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Delong Ge
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Changwen Wu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Zhenming Lv
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Zhi Liao
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China
| | - Huihui Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Marine Facilities Aquaculture, Zhejiang Ocean University, Zhoushan 316022, PR China.
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Sivka U, Toplak N, Koren S, Jakše J. De novo transcriptome of the pallial gland of the date mussel ( Lithophaga lithophaga ). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2018; 26:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2017] [Revised: 01/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Feis ME, John U, Lokmer A, Luttikhuizen PC, Wegner KM. Dual transcriptomics reveals co-evolutionary mechanisms of intestinal parasite infections in blue mussels Mytilus edulis. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:1505-1519. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marieke E. Feis
- Department Coastal Ecology; Wadden Sea Station Sylt; Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; List/Sylt Germany
| | - Uwe John
- Department Ecological Chemistry; Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; Bremerhaven Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB); Oldenburg Germany
| | - Ana Lokmer
- Department Coastal Ecology; Wadden Sea Station Sylt; Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; List/Sylt Germany
| | - Pieternella C. Luttikhuizen
- NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research; Department of Coastal Systems, and Utrecht University; Den Burg The Netherlands
| | - K. Mathias Wegner
- Department Coastal Ecology; Wadden Sea Station Sylt; Alfred Wegener Institute; Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research; List/Sylt Germany
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Tanguy M, Gauthier-Clerc S, Pellerin J, Danger JM, Siah A. The immune response of Mytilus edulis hemocytes exposed to Vibrio splendidus LGP32 strain: A transcriptomic attempt at identifying molecular actors. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2018; 74:268-280. [PMID: 29305989 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2017.12.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/22/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The marine mussel Mytilus edulis, tolerant to a wide range of environmental changes, combines a key role as a sentinel species for environmental monitoring programs and a significant economic importance. Mortality events caused by infective agents and parasites have not been described in mussels, which suggests an efficient immune system. This study aims at identifying the molecular mechanisms involved in the early immune responses M. edulis' hemocytes challenged with Vibrio splendidus LGP32 strain during 2, 4 and 6 h. A total of 149,296 assembled sequences has been annotated and compared to KEGG reference pathways. Several immune related sequences were identified such as Toll-Like receptors (TLRs), transcription factors, cytokines, protease inhibitors, stress proteins and sequences encoding for proteins involved in cell adhesion, phagocytosis, oxidative stress, apoptosis and autophagy. Differential gene expression clustered 10 different groups of transcripts according to kinetics of transcript occurrence. Sequences were assigned to biological process gene ontology categories. Sequences encoding for galectins, fibrinogen-related proteins, TLRs, MyD88, some antimicrobial peptides, lysosomal hydrolases, heat shock proteins and protease inhibitors, as well as proteins of oxidative stress and apoptosis were identified as differently regulated during the exposure to V. splendidus LGP32. The levels of candidate transcripts were quantified in M. edulis' hemocytes exposed to V. splendidus LGP32 and 7SHRW by using branched DNA technology. Transcripts encoding for inhibitor kappa B, inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, tumor protein D54, serine/threonine-proteine kinase SIK2 were identified as up-regulated in hemocytes exposed to both strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Tanguy
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France; Institute of Marine Science, University of Quebec at Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada; Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College (AVC), University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada
| | - Sophie Gauthier-Clerc
- Institute of Marine Science, University of Quebec at Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Jocelyne Pellerin
- Institute of Marine Science, University of Quebec at Rimouski, 310 allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1, Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Danger
- Normandy University, ULH, UMR-I 02 INERIS, Environmental Stresses and Biomonitoring of Aquatic Ecosystems (SEBIO)-SFR SCALE 4116, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Ahmed Siah
- Department of Pathology & Microbiology, Atlantic Veterinary College (AVC), University of Prince Edward Island, 550 University Avenue, Charlottetown, PE, C1A 4P3, Canada; British Columbia Centre for Aquatic Health Sciences, 871A Island Highway, V9W 2C2, Campbell River, BC, Canada.
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The role of the mussel Mytilus spp. in the transmission of ostreid herpesvirus-1 microVar. Parasitology 2017; 145:1095-1104. [PMID: 29262879 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182017002244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Pacific oyster Crassostrea gigas contributes significantly to global aquaculture; however, C. gigas culture has been affected by ostreid herpesvirus-1 (OsHV-1) and variants. The dynamics of how the virus maintains itself at culture sites is unclear and the role of carriers, reservoirs or hosts is unknown. Both wild and cultured mussels Mytilus spp. (Mytilus edulis, Mytilus galloprovincialis and hybrids) are commonly found at C. gigas culture sites. The objective of this study was to investigate if Mytilus spp. can harbour the virus and if viral transmission can occur between mussels and oysters. Mytilus spp. living at oyster trestles, 400-500 m higher up the shore from the trestles and up to 26 km at non-culture sites were screened for OsHV-1 and variants by all the World Organization for Animal Health (OIE) recommended diagnostic methods including polymerase chain reaction (PCR), quantitative PCR (qPCR), histology, in situ hybridization and confirmation using direct sequencing. The particular primers that target OsHV-1 and variants, including OsHV-1 microVar (μVar), were used in the PCR and qPCR. OsHV-1 μVar was detected in wild Mytilus spp. at C. gigas culture sites and more significantly the virus was detected in mussels at non-culture sites. Cohabitation of exposed wild mussels and naïve C. gigas resulted in viral transmission after 14 days, under an elevated temperature regime. These results indicate that mussels can harbour OsHV-1 μVar; however, the impact of OsHV-1 μVar on Mytilus spp. requires further investigation.
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Saavedra C, Milan M, Leite RB, Cordero D, Patarnello T, Cancela ML, Bargelloni L. A Microarray Study of Carpet-Shell Clam ( Ruditapes decussatus) Shows Common and Organ-Specific Growth-Related Gene Expression Differences in Gills and Digestive Gland. Front Physiol 2017; 8:943. [PMID: 29234285 PMCID: PMC5712350 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth rate is one of the most important traits from the point of view of individual fitness and commercial production in mollusks, but its molecular and physiological basis is poorly known. We have studied differential gene expression related to differences in growth rate in adult individuals of the commercial marine clam Ruditapes decussatus. Gene expression in the gills and the digestive gland was analyzed in 5 fast-growing and five slow-growing animals by means of an oligonucleotide microarray containing 14,003 probes. A total of 356 differentially expressed genes (DEG) were found. We tested the hypothesis that differential expression might be concentrated at the growth control gene core (GCGC), i.e., the set of genes that underlie the molecular mechanisms of genetic control of tissue and organ growth and body size, as demonstrated in model organisms. The GCGC includes the genes coding for enzymes of the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling pathway (IIS), enzymes of four additional signaling pathways (Raf/Ras/Mapk, Jnk, TOR, and Hippo), and transcription factors acting at the end of those pathways. Only two out of 97 GCGC genes present in the microarray showed differential expression, indicating a very little contribution of GCGC genes to growth-related differential gene expression. Forty eight DEGs were shared by both organs, with gene ontology (GO) annotations corresponding to transcription regulation, RNA splicing, sugar metabolism, protein catabolism, immunity, defense against pathogens, and fatty acid biosynthesis. GO term enrichment tests indicated that genes related to growth regulation, development and morphogenesis, extracellular matrix proteins, and proteolysis were overrepresented in the gills. In the digestive gland overrepresented GO terms referred to gene expression control through chromatin rearrangement, RAS-related small GTPases, glucolysis, and energy metabolism. These analyses suggest a relevant role of, among others, some genes related to the IIS, such as the ParaHox gene Xlox, CCAR and the CCN family of secreted proteins, in the regulation of growth in bivalves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Saavedra
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Massimo Milan
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Universitá di Padova, Polo di Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
| | - Ricardo B Leite
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - David Cordero
- Instituto de Acuicultura Torre de la Sal, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Tomaso Patarnello
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Universitá di Padova, Polo di Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
| | - M Leonor Cancela
- Centre of Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences and Medicine and Academic Biomedical Centre, Universidade do Algarve, Faro, Portugal
| | - Luca Bargelloni
- Dipartimento di Biomedicina Comparata e Alimentazione, Universitá di Padova, Polo di Agripolis, Legnaro, Italy
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Angthong P, Roytrakul S, Jarayabhand P, Jiravanichpaisal P. Involvement of a tachylectin-like gene and its protein in pathogenesis of acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) in the shrimp, Penaeus monodon. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 76:229-237. [PMID: 28655576 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A shrimp disease, the so-called acute hepatopancreatic necrosis disease (AHPND) is caused by a specific strain of Vibrio parahaemolyticus (VP) and it has resulted in significant losses to the global shrimp farming industry. In our previous study, three of tachylectin-like genes were cloned and characterized from the intestine of Penaeus monodon, designated as Penlectin5-1 (PL5-1), Penlectin5-2 (PL5-2) and Penlectin5-3 (PL5-3). These three genes all contain fibrinogen-related domain (FReD). The expression level of PL5-1, PL5-2 and PL5-3 was elevated in the stomach after oral administration with AHPND-causing V. parahaemolyticus 3HP (VP3HP). A polyclonal antibody to PL5-2 was successfully produced in a rabbit using the purified recombinant PL5-2 as an immunogen, and this because only the predominant protein PL5-2 could be successfully purified from shrimp plasma by affinity chromatography using a N-Acetyl-d-glucosamine column allowed us to perform functional studies of this lectin. The native purified PL5-2 protein had binding and agglutination activities towards VP3HP. To further understand the functions and the involvements of this lectin in response to AHPND in shrimp, RNAi-mediated knockdown of PL5-1, PL5-2 or PL5-3 was performed prior to an oral administration of VP3HP. As a result, Penlectin5-silencing in shrimp challenged with VP3HP showed higher mortality and resulted in more severe histopathological changes in the hepatopancreas with typical signs of AHPND. These results therefore suggest a role for crustacean fibrinogen-related proteins (FRePs) in innate immune response during the development of AHPND, and maybe also during other infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pacharaporn Angthong
- Program in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA), 113 Paholyothin Rd., Klong 1, Klongluang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
| | - Padermsak Jarayabhand
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program on Maritime Administration, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Pikul Jiravanichpaisal
- Department of Comparative Physiology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18A, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden.
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