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Zhang F, Long R, Ma Z, Xiao H, Xu X, Liu Z, Wei C, Wang Y, Peng Y, Yang X, Shi X, Cao S, Li M, Xu M, He F, Jiang X, Zhang T, Wang Z, Li X, Yu LX, Kang J, Zhang Z, Zhou Y, Yang Q. Evolutionary genomics of climatic adaptation and resilience to climate change in alfalfa. MOLECULAR PLANT 2024; 17:867-883. [PMID: 38678365 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
Given the escalating impact of climate change on agriculture and food security, gaining insights into the evolutionary dynamics of climatic adaptation and uncovering climate-adapted variation can empower the breeding of climate-resilient crops to face future climate change. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa subsp. sativa), the queen of forages, shows remarkable adaptability across diverse global environments, making it an excellent model for investigating species responses to climate change. In this study, we performed population genomic analyses using genome resequencing data from 702 accessions of 24 Medicago species to unravel alfalfa's climatic adaptation and genetic susceptibility to future climate change. We found that interspecific genetic exchange has contributed to the gene pool of alfalfa, particularly enriching defense and stress-response genes. Intersubspecific introgression between M. sativa subsp. falcata (subsp. falcata) and alfalfa not only aids alfalfa's climatic adaptation but also introduces genetic burden. A total of 1671 genes were associated with climatic adaptation, and 5.7% of them were introgressions from subsp. falcata. By integrating climate-associated variants and climate data, we identified populations that are vulnerable to future climate change, particularly in higher latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere. These findings serve as a clarion call for targeted conservation initiatives and breeding efforts. We also identified pre-adaptive populations that demonstrate heightened resilience to climate fluctuations, illuminating a pathway for future breeding strategies. Collectively, this study enhances our understanding about the local adaptation mechanisms of alfalfa and facilitates the breeding of climate-resilient alfalfa cultivars, contributing to effective agricultural strategies for facing future climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiyao Ma
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Hua Xiao
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaodong Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Zhongjie Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Chunxue Wei
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yiwen Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Yanling Peng
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xuanwen Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Xiaoya Shi
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Shuo Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China
| | - Mingna Li
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fei He
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xueqian Jiang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Tiejun Zhang
- School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA
| | - Xianran Li
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Long-Xi Yu
- U.S. Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Plant Germplasm Introduction and Testing Research, Prosser, WA 99350, USA
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhiwu Zhang
- Department of Crop and Soil Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA
| | - Yongfeng Zhou
- National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory of Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518000, China; National Key Laboratory of Tropical Crop Breeding, Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China.
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
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Fu J, Zhao Y, Zhou Y, Wang Y, Fei Z, Wang W, Wu J, Zhang F, Zhao Y, Li J, Hao J, Niu Y. MrERF039 transcription factor plays an active role in the cold response of Medicago ruthenica as a sugar molecular switch. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2024; 47:1834-1851. [PMID: 38318779 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Cold stress severely restricts plant development, causing significant agricultural losses. We found a critical transcription factor network in Medicago ruthenica was involved in plant adaptation to low-temperature. APETALA2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF) transcription factor MrERF039 was transcriptionally induced by cold stress in M. ruthenica. Overexpression of MrERF039 significantly increased the glucose and maltose content, thereby improving the tolerance of M. ruthenica. MrERF039 could bind to the DRE cis-acting element in the MrCAS15A promoter. Additionally, the methyl group of the 14th amino acid in MrERF039 was required for binding. Transcriptome analysis showed that MrERF039 acted as a sugar molecular switch, regulating numerous sugar transporters and sugar metabolism-related genes. In addition, we found that MrERF039 could directly regulate β-amylase gene, UDP glycosyltransferase gene, and C2H2 zinc finger protein gene expression. In conclusion, these findings suggest that high expression of MrERF039 can significantly improve the cold tolerance of M. ruthenica root tissues during cold acclimation. Our results provide a new theoretical basis and candidate genes for breeding new legume forage varieties with high resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiabin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yanyun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhimin Fei
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Waner Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiaming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jiayu Li
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Jinfeng Hao
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yiding Niu
- Key Laboratory of Forage and Endemic Crop Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Science and Technology, Hohhot, China
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Zhang F, Pan Z, Han C, Dong H, Lin L, Qiao Q, Zhao K, Wu J, Tao S, Zhang S, Huang X. Pyrus betulaefolia ERF3 interacts with HsfC1a to coordinately regulate aquaporin PIP1;4 and NCED4 for drought tolerance. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae090. [PMID: 38799129 PMCID: PMC11116902 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Environmental disasters like drought reduce agricultural output and plant growth. Redox management significantly affects plant stress responses. An earlier study found that PbPIP1;4 transports H2O2 and promotes H2O2 downstream cascade signaling to restore redox equilibrium. However, this regulatory mechanism requires additional investigation. In this search, the AP2 domain-containing transcription factor was isolated by screening Y1H from the wild pear (Pyrus betulaefolia) cDNA library, named PbERF3. The overexpression of PbERF3 in pear callus and Arabidopsis enhanced plant resistance to drought and re-established redox balance. The transcripts of the NCEDs gene were upregulated under drought stress. The drought stress-related abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway modulates PbERF3. PbERF3 silencing lowered drought tolerance. Furthermore, yeast 2-hybrid, luciferase, bimolecular fluorescence complementation, and co-immunoprecipitation assays verified that PbERF3 physically interacted with PbHsfC1a. The PbERF3-PbHsfC1a heterodimer coordinately bound to PbPIP1;4 and PbNCED4 promoter, therefore activating both the H2O2 and the ABA signaling pathway. This work revealed a novel PbERF3-PbHsfC1a-PbNCED4-PbPIP1;4 regulatory module, in which PbERF3 interacts with PbHsfC1a to trigger the expression of target genes. This module establishes an interaction between the H2O2 signaling component PbPIP1;4 and the ABA pathways component PbNCED4, enabling a response to drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhijian Pan
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Chenyang Han
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huizhen Dong
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Likun Lin
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Qinghai Qiao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keke Zhao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shutian Tao
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Shaoling Zhang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaosan Huang
- College of Horticulture, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, No.1 Weigang, Tongwei Road, Nanjing 210095, China
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Wang D, Cui B, Guo H, Liu Y, Nie S. Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the CBF transcription factor family in Lolium perenne under abiotic stress. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2023; 18:2086733. [PMID: 35713148 PMCID: PMC10730156 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2022.2086733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
C-repeat binding factor (CBF) subfamily genes encoding transcriptional activators are members of the AP2/ERF superfamily. CBFs play important roles in plant tolerance to abiotic stress. In this study, we identified and analyzed the structure, phylogeny, conserved motifs, and expression profiles of 12 CBFs of the grass species Lolium perenne cultured under abiotic stress. The identified LpCBFs were grouped into three phylogenetic clades according to their protein structures and motif organizations. LpCBF expression was differentially induced by cold, heat, water deficit, salinity, and abscisic acid, among which cold treatment induced LpCBF gene expression significantly. Furthermore, association network analysis indicated that different proteins, including certain stress-related proteins, potentially interact with LpCBFs. Altogether, these findings will enhance our understanding of LpCBFs protein structure and function in the regulation of L. perenne stress responses. Our results will provide valuable information for further functional research of LpCBF proteins in L. perenne stress resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Binyu Cui
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Hanyu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Yaxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuming Nie
- Key Laboratory of Southwest China Wildlife Resources Conservation (Ministry of Education), College of Life Science, China West Normal University, Nanchong, Sichuan, China
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Chen Y, Huang Q, Hua X, Zhang Q, Pan W, Liu G, Yu C, Zhong F, Lian B, Zhang J. A homolog of AtCBFs, SmDREB A1-4, positively regulates salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana and Salix matsudana. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 202:107963. [PMID: 37595402 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
CBFs (C-repeat binding factors) have multiple functions in abiotic stress adaption; functional research of these genes will provide precious gene resources for plant genetic improvement. In this study, a homolog of AtCBFs, SmDREB A1-4 was cloned and its role in salt tolerance was explored. SmDREB A1-4 is a member of DREB A1 subgroup with 10 members. SmDREB A1-4 localized in nuclei and cytoplasm and expressed ubiquitously in different tissue and organs. The expression level of SmDREB A1-4 could be induced by NaCl treatment and the TC-rich repeat and DREB motif on the SmDREB A1-4 gene promoter may mediate the NaCl-induced expression pattern. Overexpression of the SmDREB A1-4 gene in Arabidopsis enhanced the salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis lines, while down-regulated the expression level in Salix plantlets by Virus induce gene silencing decreased the salt tolerance capacity in VIGS Salix plantlets. Experiments data from both sides confirmed that SmDREB A1-4 is a positive regulatory factor in salt stress tolerance. qRT-PCR and luciferase reporter assays revealed that SOS1 and DREB2A are downstream genes of SmDREB A1-4. Through upregulating the expression of SOS1 and DREB2A, SmDREB A1-4 enhanced plant tolerance to salinity by regulating ion homeostasis, reduction of Na+/K+ ratio, and improvement of proline biosynthesis. This research offers a potentially valuable gene resource for the stress-resistant varieties breeding of Salix matsudana in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
| | - Qianhui Huang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Xuan Hua
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Wenjia Pan
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China.
| | - Guoyuan Liu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
| | - Chunmei Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
| | - Fei Zhong
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
| | - Bolin Lian
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Nantong University, Nantong, China; Key Laboratory of Landscape Plant Genetics and Breeding, Nantong, China.
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Bouzroud S, Henkrar F, Fahr M, Smouni A. Salt stress responses and alleviation strategies in legumes: a review of the current knowledge. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:287. [PMID: 37520340 PMCID: PMC10382465 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is one of the most significant environmental factors limiting legumes development and productivity. Salt stress disturbs all developmental stages of legumes and affects their hormonal regulation, photosynthesis and biological nitrogen fixation, causing nutritional imbalance, plant growth inhibition and yield losses. At the molecular level, salt stress exposure involves large number of factors that are implicated in stress perception, transduction, and regulation of salt responsive genes' expression through the intervention of transcription factors. Along with the complex gene network, epigenetic regulation mediated by non-coding RNAs, and DNA methylation events are also involved in legumes' response to salinity. Different alleviation strategies can increase salt tolerance in legume plants. The most promising ones are Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobia, Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, seed and plant's priming. Genetic manipulation offers an effective approach for improving salt tolerance. In this review, we present a detailed overview of the adverse effect of salt stress on legumes and their molecular responses. We also provide an overview of various ameliorative strategies that have been implemented to mitigate/overcome the harmful effects of salt stress on legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Bouzroud
- Equipe de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fatima Henkrar
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5R/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mouna Fahr
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5R/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelaziz Smouni
- Laboratoire de Biotechnologie et Physiologie Végétales, Centre de Biotechnologie Végétale et Microbienne Biodiversité et Environnement, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V de Rabat, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
- Laboratoire Mixte International Activité Minière Responsable “LMI-AMIR”, IRD/UM5R/INAU, 10000 Rabat, Morocco
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7
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Sheng P, Xu M, Zheng Z, Liu X, Ma W, Ding T, Zhang C, Chen M, Zhang M, Cheng B, Zhang X. Peptidome and Transcriptome Analysis of Plant Peptides Involved in Bipolaris maydis Infection of Maize. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1307. [PMID: 36986996 PMCID: PMC10056677 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Southern corn leaf blight (SCLB) caused by Bipolaris maydis threatens maize growth and yield worldwide. In this study, TMT-labeled comparative peptidomic analysis was established between infected and uninfected maize leaf samples using liquid-chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry. The results were further compared and integrated with transcriptome data under the same experimental conditions. Plant peptidomic analysis identified 455 and 502 differentially expressed peptides (DEPs) in infected maize leaves on day 1 and day 5, respectively. A total of 262 common DEPs were identified in both cases. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that the precursor proteins of DEPs are associated with many pathways generated by SCLB-induced pathological changes. The expression profiles of plant peptides and genes in maize plants were considerably altered after B. maydis infection. These findings provide new insights into the molecular mechanisms of SCLB pathogenesis and offer a basis for the development of maize genotypes with SCLB resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pijie Sheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Minyan Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wanlu Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Ting Ding
- School of Plant Protection, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Meng Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Mengting Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
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Lebedeva MA, Dobychkina DA, Yashenkova YS, Romanyuk DA, Lutova LA. Local and systemic targets of the MtCLE35-SUNN pathway in the roots of Medicago truncatula. JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 281:153922. [PMID: 36669364 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2023.153922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
CLE (CLAVATA3/ENDOSPERM SURROUNDING REGION-related) peptides are systemic regulators of legume-rhizobium symbiosis that negatively control the number of nitrogen-fixing nodules. CLE peptides are produced in the root in response to rhizobia inoculation and/or nitrate treatment and are transported to the shoot where they are recognized by the CLV1-like (CLAVATA1-like) receptor kinase. As a result, a shoot-derived signaling pathway is activated that inhibits subsequent nodule development in the root. In Medicago truncatula, MtCLE35 is activated in response to rhizobia and nitrate treatment and the overexpression of this gene systemically inhibits nodulation. The inhibitory effect of MtCLE35 overexpression is dependent on the CLV1-like receptor kinase MtSUNN (SUPER NUMERIC NODULES), suggesting that MtSUNN could be involved in the reception of the MtCLE35 peptide. Yet little is known about the downstream genes regulated by a MtCLE35-activated response in the root. In order to identify genes whose expression levels could be regulated by the MtCLE35-MtSUNN pathway, we performed a MACE-Seq (Massive Analysis of cDNA Ends) transcriptomic analysis of MtCLE35-overexpressing roots. Among upregulated genes, the gene MtSUNN that encodes a putative receptor of MtCLE35 was detected. Moreover, we found that MtSUNN, as well as several other differentially expressed genes, were upregulated locally in MtCLE35-overexpressing roots whereas the MtTML1 and MtTML2 genes were upregulated systemically. Our data suggest that MtCLE35 has both local and systemic effects on target genes in the root.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Lebedeva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
| | - D A Dobychkina
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Ya S Yashenkova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - D A Romanyuk
- All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Laboratory of Genetics of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Podbelsky Sh. 3, 196608, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
| | - L A Lutova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya emb.7/9, 199034, Saint Petersburg, Russia; Center for Genetic Technologies, N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR), 190000 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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9
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Identification of a DEAD-box RNA Helicase BnRH6 Reveals Its Involvement in Salt Stress Response in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus). Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010002. [PMID: 36613447 PMCID: PMC9819673 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapeseed (Brassica napus) is one of the most important vegetable oil crops worldwide. Abiotic stresses such as salinity are great challenges for its growth and productivity. DEAD-box RNA helicase 6 (RH6) is a subfamily member of superfamily 2 (SF2), which plays crucial roles in plant growth and development. However, no report is available on RH6 in regulating plant abiotic stress response. This study investigated the function and regulatory mechanism for BnRH6. BnRH6 was targeted to the nucleus and cytoplasmic processing body (P-body), constitutively expressed throughout the lifespan, and induced by salt stress. Transgenic overexpressing BnRH6 in Brassica and Arabidopsis displayed salt hypersensitivity, manifested by lagging seed germination (decreased to 55−85% of wild-type), growth stunt, leaf chlorosis, oxidative stress, and over-accumulation of Na ions with the K+/Na+ ratio being decreased by 18.3−28.6%. Given the undesirable quality of knockout Brassica plants, we utilized an Arabidopsis T-DNA insertion mutant rh6-1 to investigate downstream genes by transcriptomics. We constructed four libraries with three biological replicates to investigate global downstream genes by RNA sequencing. Genome-wide analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) (2-fold, p < 0.05) showed that 41 genes were upregulated and 66 genes were downregulated in rh6-1 relative to wild-type under salt stress. Most of them are well-identified and involved in transcription factors, ABA-responsive genes, and detoxified components or antioxidants. Our research suggests that BnRH6 can regulate a group of salt-tolerance genes to negatively promote Brassica adaptation to salt stress.
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10
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Zhang X, Sun Y, Qiu X, Lu H, Hwang I, Wang T. Tolerant mechanism of model legume plant Medicago truncatula to drought, salt, and cold stresses. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:847166. [PMID: 36160994 PMCID: PMC9490062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.847166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Legume plants produce one-third of the total yield of primary crops and are important food sources for both humans and animals worldwide. Frequent exposure to abiotic stresses, such as drought, salt, and cold, greatly limits the production of legume crops. Several morphological, physiological, and molecular studies have been conducted to characterize the response and adaptation mechanism to abiotic stresses. The tolerant mechanisms of the model legume plant Medicago truncatula to abiotic stresses have been extensively studied. Although many potential genes and integrated networks underlying the M. truncatula in responding to abiotic stresses have been identified and described, a comprehensive summary of the tolerant mechanism is lacking. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the adaptive mechanism by which M. truncatula responds to drought, salt, and cold stress. We also discuss future research that need to be explored to improve the abiotic tolerance of legume plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Zhang
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao Qiu
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Hai Lu
- College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
| | - Inhwan Hwang
- Department of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Tianzuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Vegetation and Environmental Change, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciencess, Beijing, China
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Li X, Liang X, Li W, Yao A, Liu W, Wang Y, Yang G, Han D. Isolation and Functional Analysis of MbCBF2, a Malus baccata (L.) Borkh CBF Transcription Factor Gene, with Functions in Tolerance to Cold and Salt Stress in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23179827. [PMID: 36077223 PMCID: PMC9456559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CBF transcription factors (TFs) are key regulators of plant stress tolerance and play an integral role in plant tolerance to adverse growth environments. However, in the current research situation, there are few reports on the response of the CBF gene to Begonia stress. Therefore, this experiment investigated a novel CBF TF gene, named MbCBF2, which was isolated from M. baccata seedlings. According to the subcellular localization results, the MbCBF2 protein was located in the nucleus. In addition, the expression level of MbCBF2 was higher in new leaves and roots under low-temperature and high-salt induction. After the introduction of MbCBF2 into Arabidopsis thaliana, the adaptability of transgenic A. thaliana to cold and high-salt environments was significantly enhanced. In addition, the high expression of MbCBF2 can also change many physiological indicators in transgenic A. thaliana, such as increased chlorophyll and proline content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT) activity, and reduced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. Therefore, it can be seen from the above results that MbCBF2 can positively regulate the response of A. thaliana to low-temperature and osmotic stress. In addition, MbCBF2 can also regulate the expression of its downstream genes in transgenic lines. It can not only positively regulate the expression of the downstream key genes AtCOR15a, AtERD10, AtRD29a/b and AtCOR6.6/47, related to cold stress at low temperatures, but can also positively regulate the expression of the downstream key genes AtNCED3, AtCAT1, AtP5CS, AtPIF1/4 and AtSnRK2.4, related to salt stress. That is, the overexpression of the MbCBF2 gene further improved the adaptability and tolerance of transgenic plants to low-temperature and high-salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingguo Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xiaoqi Liang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Anqi Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wanda Liu
- Horticulture Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Horticulture Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Guohui Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Deguo Han
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center for Development and Utilization of Small Fruits in Cold Regions/College of Horticulture & Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
- Correspondence: (G.Y.); (D.H.)
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Chakraborty S, Harris JM. At the Crossroads of Salinity and Rhizobium-Legume Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:540-553. [PMID: 35297650 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-09-21-0231-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Legume roots interact with soil bacteria rhizobia to develop nodules, de novo symbiotic root organs that host these rhizobia and are mini factories of atmospheric nitrogen fixation. Nodulation is a sophisticated developmental process and is sensitive to several abiotic factors, salinity being one of them. While salinity influences both the free-living partners, symbiosis is more vulnerable than other aspects of plant and microbe physiology, and the symbiotic interaction is strongly impaired even under moderate salinity. In this review, we tease apart the various known components of rhizobium-legume symbiosis and how they interact with salt stress. We focus primarily on the initial stages of symbiosis since we have a greater mechanistic understanding of the interaction at these stages.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhita Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, U.S.A
| | - Jeanne M Harris
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, U.S.A
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13
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Zhang J, Liao J, Ling Q, Xi Y, Qian Y. Genome-wide identification and expression profiling analysis of maize AP2/ERF superfamily genes reveal essential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:125. [PMID: 35151253 PMCID: PMC8841118 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-08345-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As one of the largest transcription factor families in plants, the APETALA2/Ethylene-Responsive Factor (AP2/ERF) superfamily is involved in various biological processes and plays significant roles in plant growth, development and responses to various stresses. Although identification and characterization of AP2/ERF superfamily genes have been accomplished in many plant species, very little is known regarding the structure and function of AP2/ERF genes in maize. Results In this study, a total of 214 genes encoding ZmAP2/ERF proteins with complete AP2/ERF domain were eventually identified according to the AGPv4 version of the maize B73 genome. Based on the number of AP2/ERF domain and similarities of amino acid sequences among AP2/ERF proteins from Arabidopsis, rice and maize, all 214 putative ZmAP2/ERF proteins were categorized into three distinct families, including the AP2 family (44), the ERF family (166) and the RAV family (4), respectively. Among them, the ERF family was further subdivided into two diverse subfamilies, including the DREB and ERF subfamilies with 61 and 105 members, respectively. Further, based on phylogenetic analysis, the members of DREB and ERF subfamilies were subdivided into four (Group I-IV) and eight (Group V-XII) groups, respectively. The characteristics of exon-intron structure of these putative ZmAP2/ERF genes and conserved protein motifs of their encoded ZmAP2/ERF proteins were also presented respectively, which was in accordance with the results of group classification. Promoter analysis suggested that ZmAP2/ERF genes shared many stress- and hormone-related cis-regulatory elements. Gene duplication and synteny analysis revealed that tandem or segmental duplication and purifying selection might play significant roles in evolution and functional differentiation of AP2/ERF superfamily genes among three various gramineous species (maize, rice and sorghum). Using RNA-seq data, transcriptome analysis indicated that the majority of ZmAP2/ERF genes displayed differential expression patterns at different developmental stages of maize. In addition, the following analyses of co-expression network among ZmAP2/ERF genes and protein protein interaction between ZmAP2 and ZmERF proteins further enabled us to understand the regulatory relationship among members of the AP2/ERF superfamily in maize. Furthermore, by quantitative real-time PCR analysis, twenty-seven selected ZmAP2/ERF genes were further confirmed to respond to three different abiotic stresses, suggesting their potential roles in various abiotic stress responses. Collectively, these results revealed that these ZmAP2/ERF genes play essential roles in abiotic stress tolerance. Conclusions Taken together, the present study will serve to present an important theoretical basis for further exploring the function and regulatory mechanism of ZmAP2/ERF genes in the growth, development, and adaptation to abiotic stresses in maize. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12864-022-08345-7.
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14
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A Comprehensive Evaluation of Salt Tolerance in Tomato (Var. Ailsa Craig): Responses of Physiological and Transcriptional Changes in RBOH's and ABA Biosynthesis and Signalling Genes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031603. [PMID: 35163525 PMCID: PMC8836042 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Salinity is a ubiquitous stressor, depleting osmotic potential and affecting the tomato seedlings’ development and productivity. Considering this critical concern, we explored the salinity response in tomato seedlings by evaluating them under progressive salt stress duration (0, 3, 6, and 12 days). Intriguingly, besides the adverse effect of salt stress on tomato growth the findings exhibited a significant role of tomato antioxidative system, RBOH genes, ABA biosynthesis, and signaling transcription factor for establishing tolerance to salinity stress. For instance, the activities of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants continued to incline positively with the increased levels of reactive oxygen species (O2•−, H2O2), MDA, and cellular damage, suggesting the scavenging capacity of tomato seedlings against salt stress. Notably, the RBOH transcription factors activated the hydrogen peroxide-mediated signalling pathway that induced the detoxification mechanisms in tomato seedlings. Consequently, the increased gene expression of antioxidant enzymes and the corresponding ratio of non-enzymatic antioxidants AsA-GSH suggested the modulation of antioxidants to survive the salt-induced oxidative stress. In addition, the endogenous ABA level was enhanced under salinity stress, indicating higher ABA biosynthesis and signalling gene expression. Subsequently, the upregulated transcript abundance of ABA biosynthesis and signalling-related genes suggested the ABA-mediated capacity of tomato seedlings to regulate homeostasis under salt stress. The current findings have revealed fascinating responses of the tomato to survive the salt stress periods, in order to improve the abiotic stress tolerance in tomato.
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15
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Xu Y, Liu H, Gao Y, Xiong R, Wu M, Zhang K, Xiang Y. The TCP transcription factor PeTCP10 modulates salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1971-1987. [PMID: 34392380 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02765-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
PeTCP10 can be induced by salt stresses and play important regulation roles in salt stresses response in transgenic Arabidopsis. Salt stress is one of the major adverse environmental factors that affect normal plant development and growth. PeTCP10, a Class I TCP member, was markedly expressed in moso bamboo mature leaf, root and stem under normal conditions and also induced by salt stress. Overexpressed PeTCP10 was found to enhance salt tolerance of transgenic Arabidopsis at the vegetative growth stage. It was also found capable to increase relative water content, while decreasing relative electrolyte leakage and Na+ accumulation of transgenic Arabidopsis versus wild-type (WT) plants at high-salt conditions. In addition, it improved antioxidant capacity of transgenic Arabidopsis plants by promoting catalase activity and enhanced their H2O2 tolerance. In contrast to WT plants, transcriptome analysis demonstrated that multiple genes related to abscisic acid, salt and H2O2 response were induced after NaCl treatment in transgenic plants. Meanwhile, overexpressed PeTCP10 improved the tolerance of abscisic acid. Moreover, luciferase reporter assay results showed that PeTCP10 is able to directly activate the expression of BT2 in transgenic plants. In contrary, the germination rates of transgenic plants were significantly lower than those of WT plants under high-NaCl conditions. Both primary root length and survival rate at the seedling stage are also found lower in transgenic plants than in WT plants. It is concluded that overexpressed PeTCP10 enhances salt stress tolerance of transgenic plants at the vegetative growth stage, and it also improves salt sensitiveness in both germination and seedling stages. These research results will contribute to further understand the functions of TCPs in abiotic stress response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzeng Xu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Huanlong Liu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yameng Gao
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Rui Xiong
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Min Wu
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Kaimei Zhang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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16
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Xia Y, Yang J, Ma L, Yan S, Pang Y. Genome-Wide Identification and Analyses of Drought/Salt-Responsive Cytochrome P450 Genes in Medicago truncatula. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22189957. [PMID: 34576120 PMCID: PMC8467197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22189957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) catalyze a great number of biochemical reactions and play vital roles in plant growth, development and secondary metabolism. As yet, the genome-scale investigation on P450s is still lacking in the model legume Medicago truncatula. In particular, whether and how many MtP450s are involved in drought and salt stresses for Medicago growth, development and yield remain unclear. In this study, a total of 346 MtP450 genes were identified and classified into 10 clans containing 48 families. Among them, sixty-one MtP450 genes pairs are tandem duplication events and 10 MtP450 genes are segmental duplication events. MtP450 genes within one family exhibit high conservation and specificity in intron–exon structure. Meanwhile, many Mt450 genes displayed tissue-specific expression pattern in various tissues. Specifically, the expression pattern of 204 Mt450 genes under drought/NaCl treatments were analyzed by using the weighted correlation network analysis (WGCNA). Among them, eight genes (CYP72A59v1, CYP74B4, CYP71AU56, CYP81E9, CYP71A31, CYP704G6, CYP76Y14, and CYP78A126), and six genes (CYP83D3, CYP76F70, CYP72A66, CYP76E1, CYP74C12, and CYP94A52) were found to be hub genes under drought/NaCl treatments, respectively. The expression levels of these selected hub genes could be induced, respectively, by drought/NaCl treatments, as validated by qPCR analyses, and most of these genes are involved in the secondary metabolism and fatty acid pathways. The genome-wide identification and co-expression analyses of M. truncatulaP450 superfamily genes established a gene atlas for a deep and systematic investigation of P450 genes in M. truncatula, and the selected drought-/salt-responsive genes could be utilized for further functional characterization and molecular breeding for resistance in legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaying Xia
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (L.M.); (S.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junfeng Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (L.M.); (S.Y.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Beijing Botanical Garden, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (L.M.); (S.Y.)
| | - Su Yan
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (L.M.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yongzhen Pang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.X.); (J.Y.); (L.M.); (S.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Chakraborty S, Driscoll HE, Abrahante JE, Zhang F, Fisher RF, Harris JM. Salt Stress Enhances Early Symbiotic Gene Expression in Medicago truncatula and Induces a Stress-Specific Set of Rhizobium-Responsive Genes. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2021; 34:904-921. [PMID: 33819071 PMCID: PMC8578154 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-21-0019-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is a major agricultural concern inhibiting not only plant growth but also the symbiotic association between legume roots and the soil bacteria rhizobia. This symbiotic association is initiated by a molecular dialogue between the two partners, leading to the activation of a signaling cascade in the legume host and, ultimately, the formation of nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Here, we show that a moderate salt stress increases the responsiveness of early symbiotic genes in Medicago truncatula to its symbiotic partner, Sinorhizobium meliloti while, conversely, inoculation with S. meliloti counteracts salt-regulated gene expression, restoring one-third to control levels. Our analysis of early nodulin 11 (ENOD11) shows that salt-induced expression is dynamic, Nod-factor dependent, and requires the ionic but not the osmotic component of salt. We demonstrate that salt stimulation of rhizobium-induced gene expression requires NSP2, which functions as a node to integrate the abiotic and biotic signals. In addition, our work reveals that inoculation with S. meliloti succinoglycan mutants also hyperinduces ENOD11 expression in the presence or absence of salt, suggesting a possible link between rhizobial exopolysaccharide and the plant response to salt stress. Finally, we identify an accessory set of genes that are induced by rhizobium only under conditions of salt stress and have not been previously identified as being nodulation-related genes. Our data suggest that interplay of core nodulation genes with different accessory sets, specific for different abiotic conditions, functions to establish the symbiosis. Together, our findings reveal a complex and dynamic interaction between plant, microbe, and environment.[Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanhita Chakraborty
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Heather E. Driscoll
- Vermont Biomedical Research Network (VBRN), Department of Biology, Norwich University, Northfield, Vermont 05663, USA
| | - Juan E. Abrahante
- University of Minnesota Informatics Institute (UMII) (CCRB 1-210C), 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Fan Zhang
- Vermont Biomedical Research Network (VBRN), Department of Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA
- Institute for Translational Research and Department of family medicine, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, 76107
| | - Robert F. Fisher
- Stanford University, Department of Biology, 371 Serra Mall, Stanford, California 94305-5020, USA
| | - Jeanne M. Harris
- Department of Plant Biology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
- Corresponding author: Jeanne M. Harris ()
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Wang S, Guo T, Shen Y, Wang Z, Kang J, Zhang J, Yi F, Yang Q, Long R. Overexpression of MtRAV3 enhances osmotic and salt tolerance and inhibits growth of Medicago truncatula. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 163:154-165. [PMID: 33845331 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Related to ABI3/VP1 (RAV) transcription factors play important roles in regulating plant growth and stress tolerance, which have been studied in many plant species, but have remained largely unidentified in legumes. To functionally characterize RAV in legumes, MtRAV3 from legume model plant Medicago truncatula was isolated and its function was investigated by overexpressing MtRAV3 in M. truncatula. Expression analysis demonstrated that MtRAV3 was markedly induced by NaCl and polyethylene glycol (PEG). MtRAV3 overexpression enhanced tolerance of transgenic M. truncatula to mannitol, drought and salt stresses, and induced the expression of adversity-related genes, including MtWRKY76, MtMYB61, cold-acclimation specific protein 31 (MtCAS31), alternative oxidase 1 (MtAOX1) and ethylene response factor 1 (MtERF1). There were lower relative electrolyte leakage and higher chlorophyll content of leaves in the MtRAV3 overexpression plants than in wild type plants under both salt and drought stress. MtRAV3 overexpression M. truncatula were featured by some phenotypes of dwarfing, late flowering, more branches, smaller flower and leaf organs. Further investigations showed that the expression levels of DWARF14 (MtD14), CAROTENOID CLEAVAGE DIOXYGENASES 7 (MtCCD7) and GA3-oxidase1 (MtGA3ox1), which related to dwarf and branch phenotype, were obviously reduced, as well as MtGA3ox1' (MTR_1g011580), GA20-oxidase1 (MtGA20ox1), MtGA20ox1' (MTR_1g102070) and GA20-oxidase2 (MtGA20ox2) involved in gibberellins (GAs) pathway. Overall, our results revealed that MtRAV3 exerted an important role in adversity response and plant growth, was a multifunctional gene in M. truncatula, which provided reference for genetic improvement of alfalfa (Medicago sativa).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumin Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China; College of Agro-grassland Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Tao Guo
- College of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Yixin Shen
- College of Agro-grassland Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210095, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junmei Kang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jiaju Zhang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fengyan Yi
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Qingchuan Yang
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Ruicai Long
- Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Kumari VV, Roy A, Vijayan R, Banerjee P, Verma VC, Nalia A, Pramanik M, Mukherjee B, Ghosh A, Reja MH, Chandran MAS, Nath R, Skalicky M, Brestic M, Hossain A. Drought and Heat Stress in Cool-Season Food Legumes in Sub-Tropical Regions: Consequences, Adaptation, and Mitigation Strategies. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061038. [PMID: 34063988 PMCID: PMC8224053 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drought and heat stress are two major abiotic stresses that challenge the sustainability of agriculture to a larger extend. The changing and unpredictable climate further aggravates the efforts made by researchers as well as farmers. The stresses during the terminal stage of cool-season food legumes may affect numerous physiological and biochemical reactions that may result in poor yield. The plants possess a good number of adaptative and avoiding mechanisms to sustain the adverse situation. The various agronomic and breeding approaches may help in stress-induced alteration. The physiological and biochemical response of crops to any adverse situation is very important to understand to develop mechanisms and approaches for tolerance in plants. Agronomic approaches like altering the planting time, seed priming, foliar application of various macro and micro nutrients, and the application of rhizobacteria may help in mitigating the adverse effect of heat and drought stress to some extent. Breeding approaches like trait-based selection, inheritance studies of marker-based selection, genetic approaches using the transcriptome and metabolome may further pave the way to select and develop crops with better heat and drought stress adaptation and mitigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venugopalan Visha Kumari
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Anirban Roy
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Roshni Vijayan
- AINP (Arid Legumes), Division of Pulses, Regional Agricultural Research Station—Central Zone, Kerala Agricultural University, Pattambi, Melepattambi P.O., Palakkad Kerala 679306, India;
| | - Purabi Banerjee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | | | - Arpita Nalia
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Madhusri Pramanik
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Bishal Mukherjee
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Ananya Ghosh
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Md. Hasim Reja
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Malamal Alickal Sarath Chandran
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Rajib Nath
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur 741252, India; (V.V.K.); (A.R.); (P.B.); (A.N.); (M.P.); (B.M.); (A.G.); (M.H.R.); (M.A.S.C.); (R.N.)
| | - Milan Skalicky
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food, and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, 165 00 Prague, Czech Republic;
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 01 Nitra, Slovakia
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.H.)
| | - Akbar Hossain
- Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
- Correspondence: (M.B.); (A.H.)
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20
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Amin I, Rasool S, Mir MA, Wani W, Masoodi KZ, Ahmad P. Ion homeostasis for salinity tolerance in plants: a molecular approach. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 171:578-594. [PMID: 32770745 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is one of the major environmental stresses faced by the plants. Sodium chloride is the most important salt responsible for inducing salt stress by disrupting the osmotic potential. Due to various innate mechanisms, plants adapt to the sodic niche around them. Genes and transcription factors regulating ion transport and exclusion such as salt overly sensitive (SOS), Na+ /H+ exchangers (NHXs), high sodium affinity transporter (HKT) and plasma membrane protein (PMP) are activated during salinity stress and help in alleviating cells of ion toxicity. For salt tolerance in plants signal transduction and gene expression is regulated via transcription factors such as NAM (no apical meristem), ATAF (Arabidopsis transcription activation factor), CUC (cup-shaped cotyledon), Apetala 2/ethylene responsive factor (AP2/ERF), W-box binding factor (WRKY) and basic leucine zipper domain (bZIP). Cross-talk between all these transcription factors and genes aid in developing the tolerance mechanisms adopted by plants against salt stress. These genes and transcription factors regulate the movement of ions out of the cells by opening various membrane ion channels. Mutants or knockouts of all these genes are known to be less salt-tolerant compared to wild-types. Using novel molecular techniques such as analysis of genome, transcriptome, ionome and metabolome of a plant, can help in expanding the understanding of salt tolerance mechanism in plants. In this review, we discuss the genes responsible for imparting salt tolerance under salinity stress through transport dynamics of ion balance and need to integrate high-throughput molecular biology techniques to delineate the issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Amin
- Molecular Biology Lab, Division of Veterinary Biochemistry, FVSc & A.H., SKUAST, Shuhama, India
| | - Saiema Rasool
- Department of School Education, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir, Srinagar, 190001, India
| | - Mudasir A Mir
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Wasia Wani
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Khalid Z Masoodi
- Transcriptomics Lab, Division of Plant Biotechnology, SKUAST-Kashmir, Shalimar, 190025, India
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany, S. P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, 190001, India
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21
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He F, Wei C, Zhang Y, Long R, Li M, Wang Z, Yang Q, Kang J, Chen L. Genome-Wide Association Analysis Coupled With Transcriptome Analysis Reveals Candidate Genes Related to Salt Stress in Alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:826584. [PMID: 35185967 PMCID: PMC8850473 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.826584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is the main abiotic factor affecting alfalfa yield and quality. However, knowledge of the genetic basis of the salt stress response in alfalfa is still limited. Here, a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 875,023 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was conducted on 220 alfalfa varieties under both normal and salt-stress conditions. Phenotypic analysis showed that breeding status and geographical origin play important roles in the alfalfa salt stress response. For germination ability under salt stress, a total of 15 significant SNPs explaining 9%-14% of the phenotypic variation were identified. For tolerance to salt stress in the seedling stage, a total of 18 significant SNPs explaining 12%-23% of the phenotypic variation were identified. Transcriptome analysis revealed 2,097 and 812 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) that were upregulated and 2,445 and 928 DEGs that were downregulated in the leaves and roots, respectively, under salt stress. Among these DEGs, many encoding transcription factors (TFs) were found, including MYB-, CBF-, NAC-, and bZIP-encoding genes. Combining the results of our GWAS analysis and transcriptome analysis, we identified a total of eight candidate genes (five candidate genes for tolerance to salt stress and three candidate genes for germination ability under salt stress). Two SNPs located within the upstream region of MsAUX28, which encodes an auxin response protein, were significantly associated with tolerance to salt stress. The two significant SNPs within the upstream region of MsAUX28 existed as three different haplotypes in this panel. Hap 1 (G/G, A/A) was under selection in the alfalfa domestication and improvement process.
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22
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Chen F, Fang P, Zeng W, Ding Y, Zhuang Z, Peng Y. Comparing transcriptome expression profiles to reveal the mechanisms of salt tolerance and exogenous glycine betaine mitigation in maize seedlings. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233616. [PMID: 32470066 PMCID: PMC7259585 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is a common abiotic stress that limits the growth, development and yield of maize (Zea mays L.). To better understand the response of maize to salt stress and the mechanism by which exogenous glycine betaine (GB) alleviates the damaging effects of salt stress, the morphology, physiological and biochemical indexes, and root transcriptome expression profiles of seedlings of salt-sensitive inbred line P138 and salt-tolerant inbred line 8723 were compared under salt stress and GB-alleviated salt stress conditions. The results showed that under salt stress the growth of P138 was significantly inhibited and the vivo ion balance was disrupted, whereas 8723 could prevent salt injury by maintaining a high ratio of K+ to Na+. The addition of a suitable concentration of GB could effectively alleviate the damage caused by salt stress, and the mitigating effect on salt-sensitive inbred line P138 was more obvious than that on 8723. Transcriptome analysis revealed that 219 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were up-regulated and 153 DEGs were down-regulated in both P138 and 8723 under NaCl treatment, and that 487 DEGs were up-regulated and 942 DEGs were down-regulated in both P138 and 8723 under salt plus exogenous GB treatment. In 8723 the response to salt stress is mainly achieved through stabilizing ion homeostasis, strong signal transduction activation, increasing reactive oxygen scavenging. GB alleviates salt stress in maize mainly by inducing gene expression changes to enhance the ion balance, secondary metabolic level, reactive oxygen scavenging mechanism, signal transduction activation. In addition, the transcription factors involved in the regulation of salt stress response and exogenous GB mitigation mainly belong to the MYB, MYB-related, AP2-EREBP, bHLH, and NAC families. We verified 10 selected up-regulated DEGs by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), and the expression results were basically consistent with the transcriptome expression profiles. Our results from this study may provide the theoretical basis for determining maize salt tolerance mechanisms and the mechanism by which GB regulates salt tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fenqi Chen
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Peng Fang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Zeng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yongfu Ding
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Zelong Zhuang
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yunling Peng
- College of Agronomy, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
- Gansu Provincial Key Lab of Aridland Crop Science, Lanzhou, China
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23
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Bo C, Chen H, Luo G, Li W, Zhang X, Ma Q, Cheng B, Cai R. Maize WRKY114 gene negatively regulates salt-stress tolerance in transgenic rice. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2020; 39:135-148. [PMID: 31659429 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02481-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Overexpression in rice of the isolated salt-responsive WRKY114 gene from maize resulted in decreases in both salt-stress tolerance and abscisic acid sensitivity by regulating stress- and abscisic acid-related gene expression. WRKYs are an important family of transcription factors that widely participate in plant development, defense regulation and stress responses. In this research, WRKY114 encoding a WRKY transcription factor was cloned from maize (Zea mays L.). ZmWRKY114 expression was down-regulated by salt stress but up-regulated by abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. ZmWRKY114 is a nuclear protein with no transcriptional activation ability in yeast. A yeast one-hybrid experiment confirmed that ZmWRKY114 possesses an ability to specifically bind to W-boxes. The heterologous overexpression of ZmWRKY114 in rice enhanced the salt-stress sensitivity as indicated by the transgenic plants having reduced heights, root lengths and survival rates under salt-stress conditions. In addition, transgenic plants also retained lower proline contents, but greater malondialdehyde contents and relative electrical leakage levels. Additionally, ZmWRKY114-overexpressing plants showed less sensitivity to ABA during the early seedling growth stage. Further analyses indicated that transgenic rice accumulated higher levels of ABA than wild-type plants under salt-stress conditions. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR analyses indicated that a few regulatory genes, which play vital roles in controlling plant stress responses and/or the ABA signaling pathway, were affected by ZmWRKY114 overexpression when rice was treated with NaCl. Thus, ZmWRKY114 may function as a negative factor that participates in salt-stress responses through an ABA-mediated pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Bo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Haowei Chen
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Guowei Luo
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Li
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Xingen Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Biology of Anhui Province, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Qing Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Maize of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Maize of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Ronghao Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center for Maize of Anhui Province, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Liu Y, Li J, Zhu Y, Jones A, Rose RJ, Song Y. Heat Stress in Legume Seed Setting: Effects, Causes, and Future Prospects. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:938. [PMID: 31417579 PMCID: PMC6684746 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Grain legumes provide a rich resource of plant nutrition to human diets and are vital for food security and sustainable cropping. Heat stress during flowering has a detrimental effect on legume seed yield, mainly due to irreversible loss of seed number. To start with, we provide an overview of the developmental and physiological basis of controlling seed setting in response to heat stress. It is shown that every single process of seed setting including male and female gametophyte development, fertilization, and early seed/fruit development is sensitive to heat stress, in particular male reproductive development in legume crops is especially susceptible. A series of physiochemical processes including heat shock proteins, antioxidants, metabolites, and hormones centered with sugar starvation are proposed to play a key role in regulating legume seed setting in response to heat stress. The exploration of the molecular mechanisms underlying reproductive heat tolerance is in its infancy. Medicago truncatula, with a small diploid genome, and well-established transformation system and molecular platforms, has become a valuable model for testing gene function that can be applied to advance the physiological and molecular understanding of legume reproductive heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghua Liu
- College of Horticulture, Hainan University, Haikou, China
| | - Jiajia Li
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yulei Zhu
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Ashley Jones
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Ray J. Rose
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Youhong Song
- School of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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25
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Yadav H, Dreher D, Athmer B, Porzel A, Gavrin A, Baldermann S, Tissier A, Hause B. Medicago TERPENE SYNTHASE 10 Is Involved in Defense Against an Oomycete Root Pathogen. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2019; 180:1598-1613. [PMID: 31015300 PMCID: PMC6752909 DOI: 10.1104/pp.19.00278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In nature, plants interact with numerous beneficial or pathogenic soil-borne microorganisms. Plants have developed various defense strategies to expel pathogenic microbes, some of which function soon after pathogen infection. We used Medicago truncatula and its oomycete pathogen Aphanomyces euteiches to elucidate early responses of the infected root. A. euteiches causes root rot disease in legumes and is a limiting factor in legume production. Transcript profiling of seedlings and adult plant roots inoculated with A. euteiches zoospores for 2 h revealed specific upregulation of a gene encoding a putative sesquiterpene synthase (M. truncatula TERPENE SYNTHASE 10 [MtTPS10]) in both developmental stages. MtTPS10 was specifically expressed in roots upon oomycete infection. Heterologous expression of MtTPS10 in yeast led to production of a blend of sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene alcohols, with NMR identifying a major peak corresponding to himalachol. Moreover, plants carrying a tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) retrotransposon Tnt1 insertion in MtTPS10 lacked the emission of sesquiterpenes upon A. euteiches infection, supporting the assumption that the identified gene encodes a multiproduct sesquiterpene synthase. Mttps10 plants and plants with reduced MtTPS10 transcript levels created by expression of an MtTPS10-artificial microRNA in roots were more susceptible to A. euteiches infection than were the corresponding wild-type plants and roots transformed with the empty vector, respectively. Sesquiterpenes produced by expression of MtTPS10 in yeast also inhibited mycelial growth and A. euteiches zoospore germination. These data suggest that sesquiterpene production in roots by MtTPS10 plays a previously unrecognized role in the defense response of M. truncatula against A. euteiches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heena Yadav
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Dorothée Dreher
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Benedikt Athmer
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Andrea Porzel
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Aleksandr Gavrin
- Sainsbury Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1LR, United Kingdom
| | - Susanne Baldermann
- Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, D-14558 Nuthetal, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Alain Tissier
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Bettina Hause
- Department of Cell and Metabolic Biology, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, D-06120 Halle, Germany
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26
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Jha UC, Bohra A, Jha R, Parida SK. Salinity stress response and 'omics' approaches for improving salinity stress tolerance in major grain legumes. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2019; 38:255-277. [PMID: 30637478 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-019-02374-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sustaining yield gains of grain legume crops under growing salt-stressed conditions demands a thorough understanding of plant salinity response and more efficient breeding techniques that effectively integrate modern omics knowledge. Grain legume crops are important to global food security being an affordable source of dietary protein and essential mineral nutrients to human population, especially in the developing countries. The global productivity of grain legume crops is severely challenged by the salinity stress particularly in the face of changing climates coupled with injudicious use of irrigation water and improper agricultural land management. Plants adapt to sustain under salinity-challenged conditions through evoking complex molecular mechanisms. Elucidating the underlying complex mechanisms remains pivotal to our knowledge about plant salinity response. Improving salinity tolerance of plants demand enriching cultivated gene pool of grain legume crops through capitalizing on 'adaptive traits' that contribute to salinity stress tolerance. Here, we review the current progress in understanding the genetic makeup of salinity tolerance and highlight the role of germplasm resources and omics advances in improving salt tolerance of grain legumes. In parallel, scope of next generation phenotyping platforms that efficiently bridge the phenotyping-genotyping gap and latest research advances including epigenetics is also discussed in context to salt stress tolerance. Breeding salt-tolerant cultivars of grain legumes will require an integrated "omics-assisted" approach enabling accelerated improvement of salt-tolerance traits in crop breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uday Chand Jha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Abhishek Bohra
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India.
| | - Rintu Jha
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Pulses Research (IIPR), Kanpur, 208024, India
| | - Swarup Kumar Parida
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), New Delhi, 110067, India
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Xu Y, Yu Z, Zhang S, Wu C, Yang G, Yan K, Zheng C, Huang J. CYSTM3 negatively regulates salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 99:395-406. [PMID: 30701352 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00825-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
CYSTM3, a small mitochondrial protein, acts as a negative regulator in salt stress response by preventing Na+ efflux and disturbing reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Cysteine-rich transmembrane module (CYSTM) is a not well characterized small peptide family in plants. In this study, we identified a novel mitochondrion-localized CYSTM member CYSTM3 from Arabidopsis, which was ubiquitously expressed in different tissues and dramatically induced by salt stress. Transgenic plants overexpressing CYSTM3 (OE) displayed hypersensitivity to salt stress compared with wild type (WT) plants, whereas a knockout mutant cystm3 was more tolerant to high salinity than WT. Moreover, OE lines accumulated higher contents of Na+ and ROS than WT and cystm3 upon exposure to high salinity. Further analysis revealed that CYSTM3 could deter root Na+ efflux and inhibit the activities of a range of ROS scavenging enzymes in Arabidopsis. In addition, the transcripts of nuclear salt stress-responsive genes were over-activated in cystm3 than those in WT and OE lines. Taken together, Arabidopsis CYSTM3 acts as a negative regulator in salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zipeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, 271018, Shandong, People's Republic of China.
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Sun Z, Song J, Xin X, Xie X, Zhao B. Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal 14-3-3 Proteins Are Involved in Arbuscule Formation and Responses to Abiotic Stresses During AM Symbiosis. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:91. [PMID: 29556216 PMCID: PMC5844941 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are soil-borne fungi belonging to the ancient phylum Glomeromycota and are important symbionts of the arbuscular mycorrhiza, enhancing plant nutrient acquisition and resistance to various abiotic stresses. In contrast to their significant physiological implications, the molecular basis involved is poorly understood, largely due to their obligate biotrophism and complicated genetics. Here, we identify and characterize three genes termed Fm201, Ri14-3-3 and RiBMH2 that encode 14-3-3-like proteins in the AM fungi Funneliformis mosseae and Rhizophagus irregularis, respectively. The transcriptional levels of Fm201, Ri14-3-3 and RiBMH2 are strongly induced in the pre-symbiotic and symbiotic phases, including germinating spores, intraradical hyphae- and arbuscules-enriched roots. To functionally characterize the Fm201, Ri14-3-3 and RiBMH2 genes, we took advantage of a yeast heterologous system owing to the lack of AM fungal transformation systems. Our data suggest that all three genes can restore the lethal Saccharomyces cerevisiae bmh1 bmh2 double mutant on galactose-containing media. Importantly, yeast one-hybrid analysis suggests that the transcription factor RiMsn2 is able to recognize the STRE (CCCCT/AGGGG) element present in the promoter region of Fm201 gene. More importantly, Host-Induced Gene Silencing of both Ri14-3-3 and RiBMH2 in Rhizophagus irregularis impairs the arbuscule formation in AM symbiosis and inhibits the expression of symbiotic PT4 and MST2 genes from plant and fungal partners, respectively. We further subjected the AM fungus-Medicago truncatula association system to drought or salinity stress. Accordingly, the expression profiles in both mycorrhizal roots and extraradical hyphae reveal that these three 14-3-3-like genes are involved in response to drought or salinity stress. Collectively, our results provide new insights into molecular functions of the AM fungal 14-3-3 proteins in abiotic stress responses and arbuscule formation during AM symbiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongfeng Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiabin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi'an Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xianan Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
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Elmaghrabi AM, Rogers HJ, Francis D, Ochatt S. Toward Unravelling the Genetic Determinism of the Acquisition of Salt and Osmotic Stress Tolerance Through In Vitro Selection in Medicago truncatula. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1822:291-314. [PMID: 30043311 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8633-0_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Changes in global climate and the nonstop increase in demographic pressure have provoked a stronger demand for agronomic resources at a time where land suitable for agriculture is becoming a rare commodity. They have also generated a number of abiotic stresses which exacerbate effects of diseases and pests and result in physiological and metabolic disorders that ultimately impact on yield when and where it is most needed. Therefore, a major scientific and agronomic challenge today is that of understanding and countering the impact of stress on yield. In this respect, in vitro biotechnology would be an efficient and feasible breeding alternative, particularly now that the genetic and genomic tools needed to unravel the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of tolerance to stress have become available. Legumes in general play a central role in a sustainable agriculture due to their capacity to symbiotically fix the atmospheric nitrogen, thereby reducing the need for fertilizers. They also produce grains that are rich in protein and thus are important as food and feed. However, they also suffer from abiotic stresses in general and osmotic stress and salinity in particular. This chapter provides a detailed overview of the methods employed for in vitro selection in the model legume Medicago truncatula for the generation of novel germplasm capable of resisting NaCl- and PEG-induced osmotic stress. We also address the understanding of the genetic determinism in the acquisition of stress resistance, which differs between NaCl and PEG. Thus, the expression of genes linked to growth (WEE1), in vitro embryogenesis (SERK), salt tolerance (SOS1) proline synthesis (P5CS), and ploidy level and cell cycle (CCS52 and WEE1) was upregulated under NaCl stress, while under PEG treatment the expression of MtWEE1 and MtCCS52 was significantly increased, but no significant differences were observed in the expression of genes MtSERK1 and MtP5CS, and MtSOS1 was downregulated. A number of morphological and physiological traits relevant to the acquisition of stress resistance were also assessed, and methods used to do so are also detailed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adel M Elmaghrabi
- Biotechnology Research Center (BTRC), Tripoli, Libya
- School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | | | - Sergio Ochatt
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France.
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Le Signor C, Vernoud V, Noguero M, Gallardo K, Thompson RD. Functional Genomics and Seed Development in Medicago truncatula: An Overview. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1822:175-195. [PMID: 30043305 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8633-0_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The study of seed development in the model species Medicago truncatula has made a significant contribution to our understanding of this process in crop legumes. Thanks to the availability of comprehensive proteomics and transcriptomics databases, coupled with exhaustive mutant collections, the roles of several regulatory genes in development and maturation are beginning to be deciphered and functionally validated. Advances in next-generation sequencing and the availability of a genomic sequence have made feasible high-density SNP genotyping, allowing the identification of markers tightly linked to traits of agronomic interest. A further major advance is to be expected from the integration of omics resources in functional network construction, which has been used recently to identify "hub" genes central to important traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Le Signor
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Vanessa Vernoud
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Mélanie Noguero
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Karine Gallardo
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France
| | - Richard D Thompson
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon, INRA, Univ. Bourgogne Franche-Comté, F-21000 Dijon, France.
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31
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Proust H, Hartmann C, Crespi M, Lelandais-Brière C. Root Development in Medicago truncatula: Lessons from Genetics to Functional Genomics. Methods Mol Biol 2018; 1822:205-239. [PMID: 30043307 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8633-0_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This decade introduced "omics" approaches, such as genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in association with reverse and forward genetic approaches, developed earlier, to try to identify molecular pathways involved in the development or in the response to environmental conditions as well as in animals and plants. This review summarizes studies that utilized "omics" strategies to unravel the root development in the model legume Medicago truncatula and how external factors such as soil mineral status or the presence of bacteria and fungi affect root system architecture in this species. We also compare these "omics" data to the knowledges concerning the Arabidopsis thaliana root development, nowadays considered as the model of allorhiz root systems. However, unlike legumes, this species is unable to interact with soil nitrogen-fixing rhizobia and arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungi to develop novel root-derived symbiotic structures. Differences in root organization, development, and regulatory pathways between these two model species have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hélène Proust
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Caroline Hartmann
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Martin Crespi
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France
| | - Christine Lelandais-Brière
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, IPS2, Univ. Paris-Diderot, CNRS, INRA, Univ. Paris-Sud, Univ. Evry Val d'Essonne, Sorbonne Paris-Cité, University of Paris-Saclay, Orsay, France.
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32
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Cai R, Dai W, Zhang C, Wang Y, Wu M, Zhao Y, Ma Q, Xiang Y, Cheng B. The maize WRKY transcription factor ZmWRKY17 negatively regulates salt stress tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis plants. PLANTA 2017; 246:1215-1231. [PMID: 28861611 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-017-2766-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We cloned and characterized the ZmWRKY17 gene from maize. Overexpression of ZmWRKY17 in Arabidopsis led to increased sensitivity to salt stress and decreased ABA sensitivity through regulating the expression of some ABA- and stress-responsive genes. The WRKY transcription factors have been reported to function as positive or negative regulators in many different biological processes including plant development, defense regulation and stress response. This study isolated a maize WRKY gene, ZmWRKY17, and characterized its role in tolerance to salt stress by generating transgenic Arabidopsis plants. Expression of the ZmWRKY17 was up-regulated by drought, salt and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. ZmWRKY17 was localized in the nucleus with no transcriptional activation in yeast. Yeast one-hybrid assay showed that ZmWRKY17 can specifically bind to W-box, and it can activate W-box-dependent transcription in planta. Heterologous overexpression of ZmWRKY17 in Arabidopsis remarkably reduced plant tolerance to salt stress, as determined through physiological analyses of the cotyledons greening rate, root growth, relative electrical leakage and malondialdehyde content. Additionally, ZmWRKY17 transgenic plants showed decreased sensitivity to ABA during seed germination and early seedling growth. Transgenic plants accumulated higher content of ABA than wild-type (WT) plants under NaCl condition. Transcriptome and quantitative real-time PCR analyses revealed that some stress-related genes in transgenic seedlings showed lower expression level than that in the WT when treated with NaCl. Taken together, these results suggest that ZmWRKY17 may act as a negative regulator involved in the salt stress responses through ABA signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghao Cai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Wei Dai
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Congsheng Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Min Wu
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Qing Ma
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yan Xiang
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
- Laboratory of Modern Biotechnology, School of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
| | - Beijiu Cheng
- National Engineering Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance Breeding, School of Life Sciences, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China.
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Dong W, Song Y, Zhao Z, Qiu NW, Liu X, Guo W. The Medicago truncatula R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene MtMYBS1 enhances salinity tolerance when constitutively expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 490:225-230. [PMID: 28602696 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
MYB-type proteins are known to participate in many stress responses, although their role in legumes is still less clear. Here, the isolation and characterization of MtMYBS1, an R2R3 MYB gene isolated from the model legume Medicago truncatula, is described. MtMYBS1 transcription was inducible by NaCl, polyethylene glycol or abscisic acid (ABA). When tested in yeast, its product was shown to have transactivational activity. The constitutive expression of MtMYBS1 in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings mitigated the restriction on root growth imposed by either salinity or osmotic stress and raised their sensitivity to ABA. It also resulted in the plants being able to overcome several growth constraints and promoted activity in both the ABA-dependent and -independent stress-responsive pathways. In particular, it enhanced the transcription of P5CS, a gene which encodes a component of proline synthesis. MtMYBS1 may prove to be a useful gene for manipulating the salinity tolerance of legumes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Dong
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China
| | - Yuguang Song
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, PR China
| | - Zhong Zhao
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, PR China
| | - Nian Wei Qiu
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, PR China
| | - Xijiang Liu
- School of Life Science, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, Shandong, 273165, PR China
| | - Weihua Guo
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity, College of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, PR China.
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Li J, Liu H, Xia W, Mu J, Feng Y, Liu R, Yan P, Wang A, Lin Z, Guo Y, Zhu J, Chen X. De Novo Transcriptome Sequencing and the Hypothetical Cold Response Mode of Saussurea involucrata in Extreme Cold Environments. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:E1155. [PMID: 28590406 PMCID: PMC5485979 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18061155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Saussurea involucrata grows in high mountain areas covered by snow throughout the year. The temperature of this habitat can change drastically in one day. To gain a better understanding of the cold response signaling pathways and molecular metabolic reactions involved in cold stress tolerance, genome-wide transcriptional analyses were performed using RNA-Seq technologies. A total of 199,758 transcripts were assembled, producing 138,540 unigenes with 46.8 Gb clean data. Overall, 184,416 (92.32%) transcripts were successfully annotated. The 365 transcription factors identified (292 unigenes) belonged to 49 transcription factor families associated with cold stress responses. A total of 343 transcripts on the signal transduction (132 upregulated and 212 downregulated in at least any one of the conditions) were strongly affected by cold temperature, such as the CBL-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase (CIPKs), receptor-like protein kinases, and protein kinases. The circadian rhythm pathway was activated by cold adaptation, which was necessary to endure the severe temperature changes within a day. There were 346 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) related to transport, of which 138 were upregulated and 22 were downregulated in at least any one of the conditions. Under cold stress conditions, transcriptional regulation, molecular transport, and signal transduction were involved in the adaptation to low temperature in S. involucrata. These findings contribute to our understanding of the adaptation of plants to harsh environments and the survival traits of S. involucrata. In addition, the present study provides insight into the molecular mechanisms of chilling and freezing tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Hailiang Liu
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200065, China.
| | - Wenwen Xia
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Jianqiang Mu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Yujie Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Ruina Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Panyao Yan
- ShengTing Bioinformatics Institute, Christiansburg, VA 24073, USA.
| | - Aiying Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Zhongping Lin
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
- College of Life Sciences, Perking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Yong Guo
- Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jianbo Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
| | - Xianfeng Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832000, China.
- ShengTing Bioinformatics Institute, Christiansburg, VA 24073, USA.
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35
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Alves GSC, Torres LF, Déchamp E, Breitler JC, Joët T, Gatineau F, Andrade AC, Bertrand B, Marraccini P, Etienne H. Differential fine-tuning of gene expression regulation in coffee leaves by CcDREB1D promoter haplotypes under water deficit. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2017; 68:3017-3031. [PMID: 28830103 PMCID: PMC5853422 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Despite the importance of the DREB1D gene (also known as CBF4) in plant responses to water deficit and cold stress, studies analysing its regulation by transgenic approaches are lacking. In the current work, a functional study of three CcDREB1D promoter haplotypes (named HP15, HP16 and HP17) isolated from drought-tolerant and drought-sensitive clones of Coffea canephora was carried out in plants of C. arabica stably transformed by Agrobacterium tumefaciens by analysing their ability to regulate the expression of the uidA reporter gene in response to water deficit mimicked by polyethylene glycol (-2.0 MPa) and low relative humidity treatments. A deletion analysis of their corresponding 5'-upstream regions revealed increased specificity of β-glucuronidase activity in the polyethylene glycol and low relative humidity treatments, with high expression in leaf mesophyll and guard cells in full-length constructs. RT-qPCR assays also revealed that the HP16 haplotype (specific to clone tolerant to water deficit) had stronger and earlier activity compared with the HP15 and HP17 haplotypes. As most of the cis-regulatory elements involved in ABA-dependent and -independent networks, tissue specificity and light regulation are common to these haplotypes, we propose that their organization, as well as the nucleic acid polymorphisms present outside these boxes, may play a role in modulating activities of DREB1D promoters in guard cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Sergio Costa Alves
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (LGM), Parque EB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, F-34394 Montpellier, France
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Química, Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular (LCBM), Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | - Luana Ferreira Torres
- CIRAD, UMR IPME, F-34394 Montpellier, France
- Universidade Federal de Lavras, Departamento de Química, Laboratório Central de Biologia Molecular (LCBM), Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Thierry Joët
- IRD, UMR DIADE, 911 Avenue Agropolis, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Alan Carvalho Andrade
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (LGM), Parque EB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- Embrapa Café, INOVACAFÉ, Campus UFLA, Lavras, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Pierre Marraccini
- EMBRAPA Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia (LGM), Parque EB, Brasilia, DF, Brazil
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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Gruber MY, Xia J, Yu M, Steppuhn H, Wall K, Messer D, Sharpe AG, Acharya SN, Wishart DS, Johnson D, Miller DR, Taheri A. Transcript analysis in two alfalfa salt tolerance selected breeding populations relative to a non-tolerant population. Genome 2016; 60:104-127. [PMID: 28045337 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2016-0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
With the growing limitations on arable land, alfalfa (a widely cultivated, low-input forage) is now being selected to extend cultivation into saline lands for low-cost biofeedstock purposes. Here, minerals and transcriptome profiles were compared between two new salinity-tolerant North American alfalfa breeding populations and a more salinity-sensitive western Canadian alfalfa population grown under hydroponic saline conditions. All three populations accumulated two-fold higher sodium in roots than shoots as a function of increased electrical conductivity. At least 50% of differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) were down-regulated in the salt-sensitive population growing under high salinity, while expression remained unchanged in the saline-tolerant populations. In particular, most reduction in transcript levels in the salt-sensitive population was observed in genes specifying cell wall structural components, lipids, secondary metabolism, auxin and ethylene hormones, development, transport, signalling, heat shock, proteolysis, pathogenesis-response, abiotic stress, RNA processing, and protein metabolism. Transcript diversity for transcription factors, protein modification, and protein degradation genes was also more strongly affected in salt-tolerant CW064027 than in salt-tolerant Bridgeview and salt-sensitive Rangelander, while both saline-tolerant populations showed more substantial up-regulation in redox-related genes and B-ZIP transcripts. The report highlights the first use of bulked genotypes as replicated samples to compare the transcriptomes of obligate out-cross breeding populations in alfalfa.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Y Gruber
- a Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7J 0X2, Canada.,b Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, 2-21 Athabasca Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - J Xia
- b Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, 2-21 Athabasca Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - M Yu
- a Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7J 0X2, Canada
| | - H Steppuhn
- c Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - K Wall
- c Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - D Messer
- c Semiarid Prairie Agricultural Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, P.O. Box 1030, Swift Current, SK S9H 3X2, Canada
| | - A G Sharpe
- d National Research Council, 110 Gymnasium Pl., Saskatoon, SK S7N 0W9, Canada
| | - S N Acharya
- e AAFC Lethbridge Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 5403 - 1st Avenue S., Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - D S Wishart
- b Department of Computing Science, University of Alberta, 2-21 Athabasca Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada.,f Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, 11455 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada
| | - D Johnson
- g Alforex Seeds, an affiliate of Dow AgroSciences, N4505 CTH M, West Salem, WI 54669, USA
| | - D R Miller
- g Alforex Seeds, an affiliate of Dow AgroSciences, N4505 CTH M, West Salem, WI 54669, USA
| | - A Taheri
- a Saskatoon Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7J 0X2, Canada
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Zhang Z, Hu X, Zhang Y, Miao Z, Xie C, Meng X, Deng J, Wen J, Mysore KS, Frugier F, Wang T, Dong J. Opposing Control by Transcription Factors MYB61 and MYB3 Increases Freezing Tolerance by Relieving C-Repeat Binding Factor Suppression. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 172:1306-1323. [PMID: 27578551 PMCID: PMC5047070 DOI: 10.1104/pp.16.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold acclimation is an important process by which plants respond to low temperature and enhance their winter hardiness. C-REPEAT BINDING FACTOR1 (CBF1), CBF2, and CBF3 genes were shown previously to participate in cold acclimation in Medicago truncatula In addition, MtCBF4 is transcriptionally induced by salt, drought, and cold stresses. We show here that MtCBF4, shown previously to enhance drought and salt tolerance, also positively regulates cold acclimation and freezing tolerance. To identify molecular factors acting upstream and downstream of the MtCBF4 transcription factor (TF) in cold responses, we first identified genes that are differentially regulated upon MtCBF4 overexpression using RNAseq Digital Gene Expression Profiling. Among these, we showed that MtCBF4 directly activates the transcription of the COLD ACCLIMATION SPECIFIC15 (MtCAS15) gene. To gain insights into how MtCBF4 is transcriptionally regulated in response to cold, an R2R3-MYB TF, MtMYB3, was identified based on a yeast one-hybrid screen as binding directly to MYB cis-elements in the MtCBF4 promoter, leading to the inhibition of MtCBF4 expression. In addition, another MYB TF, MtMYB61, identified as an interactor of MtMYB3, can relieve the inhibitory effect of MtMYB3 on MtCBF4 transcription. This study, therefore, supports a model describing how MtCBF4 is regulated by antagonistic MtMYB3/MtMYB61 TFs, leading to the up-regulation of downstream targets such as MtCAS15 acting in cold acclimation in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Xiaona Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Yunqin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Zhenyan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Can Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Xiangzhao Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jie Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Kirankumar S Mysore
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Florian Frugier
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China (Z.Z., X.H., Y.Z., Z.M. C.X., X.M., J.D., T.W., J.D.);Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401 (J.W., K.S.M.); andInstitute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Universite Paris-Sud, Universite Paris-Diderot, Universite d'Evry, Universite Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91190, France (F.F.)
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Chen H, Liu L, Wang L, Wang S, Cheng X. VrDREB2A, a DREB-binding transcription factor from Vigna radiata, increased drought and high-salt tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. JOURNAL OF PLANT RESEARCH 2016; 129:263-73. [PMID: 26646381 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-015-0773-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) is commonly grown in Asia as an important nutritional dry grain legume, as it can survive better in arid conditions than other crops. Abiotic stresses, such as drought and high-salt contents, negatively impact its growth and production. The dehydration-responsive element-binding protein 2 (DREB2) transcription factors play a significant role in the response to these stress stimuli via transcriptional regulation of downstream genes containing the cis-element dehydration-responsive element (DRE). However, the molecular mechanisms involved in the drought tolerance of this species remain elusive, with very few reported candidate genes. No DREB2 ortholog has been reported for mung bean, and the function of mung bean DREB2 is not clear. In this study, a novel VrDREB2A gene with conserved AP2 domains and transactivation ability was isolated from mung bean. A modified VrDREB2A protein lacking the putative negative regulatory domain encoded by nucleotides 394-543 was shown to be localized in the nucleus. Expression of the VrDREB2A gene was induced by drought, high salt concentrations and abscisic acid treatment. Furthermore, comparing with the wild type Arabidopsis, the overexpression of VrDREB2A activated the expression of downstream genes in transgenic Arabidopsis, resulting in enhanced tolerance to drought and high-salt stresses and no growth retardation. The results from this study indicate that VrDREB2A functions as an important transcriptional activator and may help increase the abiotic stress tolerance of the mung bean plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuzhen Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture; National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Institute of Crop Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
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Gou L, Zhang R, Ma L, Zhu F, Dong J, Wang T. Multigene synergism increases the isoflavone and proanthocyanidin contents of Medicago truncatula. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2016; 14:915-25. [PMID: 26260843 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Isoflavones and proanthocyanidins (PAs), which are flavonoid derivatives, possess many health benefits and play important roles in forage-based livestock production. However, the foliage of Medicago species accumulates limited levels of both isoflavones and PAs. In this study, biosynthesis of isoflavone and PA in Medicago truncatula was enhanced via synergy between soya bean isoflavone synthase (IFS1); two upstream enzymes, chalcone synthase (CHS) and chalcone isomerase (CHI); and the endogenous flavanone 3-hydroxylase (F3H). Constitutive expression of GmIFS1 alone resulted in ectopic accumulation of the isoflavone daidzein and large increases in the levels of the isoflavones formononetin, genistein and biochanin A in the leaves. Furthermore, coexpression of GmIFS1 with GmCHS7 and GmCHI1A generally increased the available flux to flavonoid biosynthesis and resulted in elevated isoflavone, flavone and PA contents. In addition, down-regulation of MtF3H combined with coexpression of GmIFS1, GmCHS7 and GmCHI1A led to the highest isoflavone levels (up to 2 μmol/g fresh weight in total). Taken together, our results demonstrate that multigene synergism is a powerful means to enhance the biosynthesis of particular flavonoids and can be more broadly applied to the metabolic engineering of forage species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanming Gou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Fugui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Quan W, Liu X, Wang H, Chan Z. Comparative Physiological and Transcriptional Analyses of Two Contrasting Drought Tolerant Alfalfa Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 6:1256. [PMID: 26793226 PMCID: PMC4709457 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of major environmental determinants of plant growth and productivity. Alfalfa (Medicago sativa) is a legume perennial forage crop native to the arid and semi-arid environment, which is an ideal candidate to study the biochemical and molecular mechanisms conferring drought resistance in plants. In this study, drought stress responses of two alfalfa varieties, Longdong and Algonquin, were comparatively assayed at the physiological, morphological, and transcriptional levels. Under control condition, the drought-tolerant Longdong with smaller leaf size and lower stomata density showed less water loss than the drought-sensitive Algonquin. After exposing to drought stress, Longdong showed less severe cell membrane damage, more proline, and ascorbate (ASC) contents and less accumulation of H2O2 than Algonquin. Moreover, significantly higher antioxidant enzymes activities after drought treatment were found in Longdong when compared with Algonquin. In addition, transcriptional expression analysis showed that Longdong exhibited significantly higher transcripts of drought-responsive genes in leaf and root under drought stress condition. Taken together, these results indicated that Longdong variety was more drought-tolerant than Algonquin variety as evidenced by less leaf firing, more lateral root number, higher relative aboveground/underground biomass per plant and survival rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Quan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Xun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
| | - Haiqing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology – Chinese Academy of SciencesXining, China
| | - Zhulong Chan
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Specialty Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden/Sino-Africa Joint Research Center – Chinese Academy of SciencesWuhan, China
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Kang Y, Li M, Sinharoy S, Verdier J. A Snapshot of Functional Genetic Studies in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1175. [PMID: 27555857 PMCID: PMC4977297 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In the current context of food security, increase of plant protein production in a sustainable manner represents one of the major challenges of agronomic research, which could be partially resolved by increased cultivation of legume crops. Medicago truncatula is now a well-established model for legume genomic and genetic studies. With the establishment of genomics tools and mutant populations in M. truncatula, it has become an important resource to answer some of the basic biological questions related to plant development and stress tolerance. This review has an objective to overview a decade of genetic studies in this model plant from generation of mutant populations to nowadays. To date, the three biological fields, which have been extensively studied in M. truncatula, are the symbiotic nitrogen fixation, the seed development, and the abiotic stress tolerance, due to their significant agronomic impacts. In this review, we summarize functional genetic studies related to these three major biological fields. We integrated analyses of a nearly exhaustive list of genes into their biological contexts in order to provide an overview of the forefront research advances in this important legume model plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Kang
- Plant Biology Division, The Samuel Roberts Noble FoundationArdmore, OK, USA
| | - Minguye Li
- University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing, China
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
| | - Senjuti Sinharoy
- Department of Biotechnology, University of CalcuttaCalcutta, India
| | - Jerome Verdier
- Shanghai Plant Stress Center, Shanghai Institutes of Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of SciencesShanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Jerome Verdier
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Miao Z, Xu W, Li D, Hu X, Liu J, Zhang R, Tong Z, Dong J, Su Z, Zhang L, Sun M, Li W, Du Z, Hu S, Wang T. De novo transcriptome analysis of Medicago falcata reveals novel insights about the mechanisms underlying abiotic stress-responsive pathway. BMC Genomics 2015; 16:818. [PMID: 26481731 PMCID: PMC4615886 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-015-2019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The entire world is facing a deteriorating environment. Understanding the mechanisms underlying plant responses to external abiotic stresses is important for breeding stress-tolerant crops and herbages. Phytohormones play critical regulatory roles in plants in the response to external and internal cues to regulate growth and development. Medicago falcata is one of the stress-tolerant candidate leguminous species and is able to fix atmospheric nitrogen. This ability allows leguminous plants to grow in nitrogen deficient soils. Methods We performed Illumina sequencing of cDNA prepared from abiotic stress treated M. falcata. Sequencedreads were assembled to provide a transcriptome resource. Transcripts were annotated using BLASTsearches against the NCBI non-redundant database and gene ontology definitions were assigned. Acomparison among the three abiotic stress treated samples was carried out. The expression of transcriptswas confirmed with qRT-PCR. Results We present an abiotic stress-responsive M. falcata transcriptome using next-generation sequencing data from samples grown under standard, dehydration, high salinity, and cold conditions. We combined reads from all samples and de novo assembled 98,515 transcripts to build the M. falcata gene index. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome revealed abiotic stress-responsive mechanisms underlying the metabolism and core signalling components of major phytohormones. We identified nod factor signalling pathways during early symbiotic nodulation that are modified by abiotic stresses. Additionally, a global comparison of homology between the M. falcata and M. truncatula transcriptomes, along with five other leguminous species, revealed a high level of global sequence conservation within the family. Conclusions M. falcata is shown to be a model candidate for studying abiotic stress-responsive mechanisms in legumes. This global gene expression analysis provides new insights into the biochemical and molecular mechanisms involved in the acclimation to abiotic stresses. Our data provides many gene candidates that might be used for herbage and crop breeding. Additionally, FalcataBase (http://bioinformatics.cau.edu.cn/falcata/) was built for storing these data. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12864-015-2019-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Present address: Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
| | - Wei Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Daofeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China. .,Present address: Department of Genetics, Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| | - Xiaona Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Rongxue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zongyong Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jiangli Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Zhen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Liwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Min Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Wenjie Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Zhenglin Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Songnian Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Genome Sciences and Information, Beijing Institute of Genomics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Tao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
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Rawlinson C, Kamphuis LG, Gummer JPA, Singh KB, Trengove RD. A rapid method for profiling of volatile and semi-volatile phytohormones using methyl chloroformate derivatisation and GC-MS. Metabolomics 2015; 11:1922-1933. [PMID: 26491427 PMCID: PMC4605965 DOI: 10.1007/s11306-015-0837-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 07/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Phytohormones are central components of complex signalling networks in plants. The interplay between these metabolites, which include abscisic acid (ABA), auxin (IAA), ethylene, jasmonic acid (JA) and salicylic acid (SA), regulate plant growth and development and modulate responses to biotic and abiotic stress. Few methods of phytohormone profiling can adequately quantify a large range of plant hormones simultaneously and without the requirement for laborious or highly specialised extraction protocols. Here we describe the development and validation of a phytohormone profiling protocol, based on methyl-chloroformate derivatisation of the plant metabolites and analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We describe the analysis of 11 metabolites, either plant phytohormones or intermediates of phytohormone metabolism; ABA, azelaic acid, IAA, JA and SA, and the phytohormone precursors 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid, benzoic acid, cinnamic acid, 13-epi-12-oxophytodienoic acid (13-epi-OPDA), linoleic acid and linolenic acid, and validate the isolation from foliar tissue of the model legume Medicago truncatula. The preparation is insensitive to the presence of water, facilitating measurement of the volatile metabolites. Quantitation was linear over four orders of magnitude, and the limits of detection between two and 10 ng/mL for all measured metabolites using a single quadrupole GC-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Rawlinson
- Separation Science and Metabolomics Laboratory, Division of Research and Development, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, Murdoch University Node, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Lars G. Kamphuis
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913 Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Joel P. A. Gummer
- Separation Science and Metabolomics Laboratory, Division of Research and Development, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, Murdoch University Node, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Karam B. Singh
- CSIRO Agriculture Flagship, Private Bag No. 5, Wembley, WA 6913 Australia
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA 6009 Australia
| | - Robert D. Trengove
- Separation Science and Metabolomics Laboratory, Division of Research and Development, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
- Metabolomics Australia, Murdoch University Node, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
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Jia F, Wang C, Huang J, Yang G, Wu C, Zheng C. SCF E3 ligase PP2-B11 plays a positive role in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2015; 66:4683-97. [PMID: 26041321 PMCID: PMC4507775 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Skp1-Cullin-F-box (SCF) E3 ligases are essential to the post-translational regulation of many important factors involved in cellular signal transduction. In this study, we identified an F-box protein from Arabidopsis thaliana, AtPP2-B11, which was remarkably induced with increased duration of salt treatment in terms of both transcript and protein levels. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing AtPP2-B11 exhibited obvious tolerance to high salinity, whereas the RNA interference line was more sensitive to salt stress than wild-type plants. Isobaric tag for relative and absolute quantification analysis revealed that 4311 differentially expressed proteins were regulated by AtPP2-B11 under salt stress. AtPP2-B11 could upregulate the expression of annexin1 (AnnAt1) and function as a molecular link between salt stress and reactive oxygen species accumulation in Arabidopsis. Moreover, AtPP2-B11 influenced the expression of Na(+) homeostasis genes under salt stress, and the AtPP2-B11 overexpressing lines exhibited lower Na(+) accumulation. These results suggest that AtPP2-B11 functions as a positive regulator in response to salt stress in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chunyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Jinguang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Changai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
| | - Chengchao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271018, PR China
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Zandkarimi H, Ebadi A, Salami SA, Alizade H, Baisakh N. Analyzing the Expression Profile of AREB/ABF and DREB/CBF Genes under Drought and Salinity Stresses in Grape (Vitis vinifera L.). PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134288. [PMID: 26230273 PMCID: PMC4521911 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Expression patterns of four candidate AREB/ABF genes and four DREB/CBF genes were evaluated in leaf and root tissues of five grape varieties (‘Qalati’, ‘Kaj Angoor’, ‘Sabz Angoor’, ‘Siahe Zarghan’, ‘Bidane Safid’) with differential response to drought stress. Among the AREB/ABF genes, AREB1 and ABF2 showed up-regulation in response to drought stress in leaf and root tissues of all varieties while AREB2 and ABF1 showed down-regulation in both leaf and root tissues of the sensitive variety ‘Bidane Sefid’ in response to drought and salt stress. Among the DREB/CBF genes, CBF4 was the most responsive to drought stress in both leaf and root tissues. CBF2 and CBF3 showed up-regulation in all varieties in response to drought stress in leaf except in ‘Bidane Sefid’. Under salinity stress, AREB2 and ABF2 showed up-regulation in response to the increasing level of salinity in the leaf tissues but in the root tissues ABF2 was up-regulated in response to increasing NaCl concentration while AREB2 was down-regulated. Therefore, it seems AREB2 has tissue-specific response to salinity stress. All CBF genes were up-regulated in response to salinity stress in the leaf and root tissues. Expression data suggested that CBF2 is more responsive to NaCl stress. Among all four promising and stress tolerant varieties ‘Siah Zarghan’ and ‘Kaj Angoor’ were more tolerant than ‘Qalati’ and ‘Sabz Angoor’ to drought and salinity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Zandkarimi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States of America
| | - Ali Ebadi
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran
- * E-mail: (AE); (NB)
| | - Seyed Alireza Salami
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran
| | - Houshang Alizade
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Tehran, Karaj 31587, Iran
| | - Niranjan Baisakh
- School of Plant, Environmental and Soil Sciences, Louisiana State University Agricultural Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, United States of America
- * E-mail: (AE); (NB)
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The F-box family genes as key elements in response to salt, heavy mental, and drought stresses in Medicago truncatula. Funct Integr Genomics 2015; 15:495-507. [PMID: 25877816 DOI: 10.1007/s10142-015-0438-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2014] [Revised: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
F-box protein is a subunit of Skp1-Rbx1-Cul1-F-box protein (SCF) complex with typically conserved F-box motifs of approximately 40 amino acids and is one of the largest protein families in eukaryotes. F-box proteins play critical roles in selective and specific protein degradation through the 26S proteasome. In this study, we bioinformatically identified 972 putative F-box proteins from Medicago truncatula genome. Our analysis showed that in addition to the conserved motif, the F-box proteins have several other functional domains in their C-terminal regions (e.g., LRRs, Kelch, FBA, and PP2), some of which were found to be M. truncatula species-specific. By phylogenetic analysis of the F-box motifs, these proteins can be classified into three major families, and each family can be further grouped into more subgroups. Analysis of the genomic distribution of F-box genes on M. truncatula chromosomes revealed that the evolutional expansion of F-box genes in M. truncatula was probably due to localized gene duplications. To investigate the possible response of the F-box genes to abiotic stresses, both publicly available and customer-prepared microarrays were analyzed. Most of the F-box protein genes can be responding to salt and heavy metal stresses. Real-time PCR analysis confirmed that some of the F-box protein genes containing heat, drought, salicylic acid, and abscisic acid responsive cis-elements were able to respond to the abiotic stresses.
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Shu Y, Liu Y, Zhang J, Song L, Guo C. Genome-Wide Analysis of the AP2/ERF Superfamily Genes and their Responses to Abiotic Stress in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:1247. [PMID: 26834762 PMCID: PMC4717309 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.01247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The AP2/ERF superfamily is a large, plant-specific transcription factor family that is involved in many important processes, including plant growth, development, and stress responses. Using Medicago truncatula genome information, we identified and characterized 123 putative AP2/ERF genes, which were named as MtERF1-123. These genes were classified into four families based on phylogenetic analysis, which is consistent with the results of other plant species. MtERF genes are distributed throughout all chromosomes but are clustered on various chromosomes due to genomic tandem and segmental duplication. Using transcriptome, high-throughput sequencing data, and qRT-PCR analysis, we assessed the expression patterns of the MtERF genes in tissues during development and under abiotic stresses. In total, 87 MtERF genes were expressed in plant tissues, most of which were expressed in specific tissues during development or under specific abiotic stress treatments. These results support the notion that MtERF genes are involved in developmental regulation and environmental responses in M. truncatula. Furthermore, a cluster of DREB subfamily members on chromosome 6 was induced by both cold and freezing stress, representing a positive gene regulatory response under low temperature stress, which suggests that these genes might contribute to freezing tolerance to M. truncatula. In summary, our genome-wide characterization, evolutionary analysis, and expression pattern analysis of MtERF genes in M. truncatula provides valuable information for characterizing the molecular functions of these genes and utilizing them to improve stress tolerance in plants.
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Friesen ML, von Wettberg EJB, Badri M, Moriuchi KS, Barhoumi F, Chang PL, Cuellar-Ortiz S, Cordeiro MA, Vu WT, Arraouadi S, Djébali N, Zribi K, Badri Y, Porter SS, Aouani ME, Cook DR, Strauss SY, Nuzhdin SV. The ecological genomic basis of salinity adaptation in Tunisian Medicago truncatula. BMC Genomics 2014; 15:1160. [PMID: 25534372 PMCID: PMC4410866 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2164-15-1160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background As our world becomes warmer, agriculture is increasingly impacted by rising soil salinity and understanding plant adaptation to salt stress can help enable effective crop breeding. Salt tolerance is a complex plant phenotype and we know little about the pathways utilized by naturally tolerant plants. Legumes are important species in agricultural and natural ecosystems, since they engage in symbiotic nitrogen-fixation, but are especially vulnerable to salinity stress. Results Our studies of the model legume Medicago truncatula in field and greenhouse settings demonstrate that Tunisian populations are locally adapted to saline soils at the metapopulation level and that saline origin genotypes are less impacted by salt than non-saline origin genotypes; these populations thus likely contain adaptively diverged alleles. Whole genome resequencing of 39 wild accessions reveals ongoing migration and candidate genomic regions that assort non-randomly with soil salinity. Consistent with natural selection acting at these sites, saline alleles are typically rare in the range-wide species' gene pool and are also typically derived relative to the sister species M. littoralis. Candidate regions for adaptation contain genes that regulate physiological acclimation to salt stress, such as abscisic acid and jasmonic acid signaling, including a novel salt-tolerance candidate orthologous to the uncharacterized gene AtCIPK21. Unexpectedly, these regions also contain biotic stress genes and flowering time pathway genes. We show that flowering time is differentiated between saline and non-saline populations and may allow salt stress escape. Conclusions This work nominates multiple potential pathways of adaptation to naturally stressful environments in a model legume. These candidates point to the importance of both tolerance and avoidance in natural legume populations. We have uncovered several promising targets that could be used to breed for enhanced salt tolerance in crop legumes to enhance food security in an era of increasing soil salinization. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/1471-2164-15-1160) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren L Friesen
- Section of Molecular and Computational Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.
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Exbrayat S, Bertoni G, Naghavie MR, Peyghambari A, Badri M, Debelle F. Genetic variability and identification of quantitative trait loci affecting plant growth and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in the model legume Medicago truncatula under control and salt stress conditions. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2014; 41:983-1001. [PMID: 32481051 DOI: 10.1071/fp13370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 04/14/2014] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Salinity is one of the major stresses that limits crop production worldwide and affects most physiological activities in plants. In order to study the genetic control of salt stress in the model legume Medicago truncatula Gaertn., an experiment was undertaken to determine the genetic variability and to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) controlling several traits related to plant growth and physiology in a population of recombinant inbred lines. Shoot and root DW, relative water content, leaf area, chlorophyll content, chlorophyll fluorescence parameters, and Na+ and K+ in shoots and roots were measured. The experiment was carried out with three replications. ANOVA showed a large genetic variation and transgressive segregation for the traits studied, suggesting putative complex tolerance mechanisms. A total of 21 QTLs were detected under control conditions and 19 QTLs were identified under 100mm salt stress conditions, with three QTLs being common to both situations. The percentage of total phenotypic variance explained by the QTLs ranged from 4.6% to 23.01%. Overlapping QTLs for different traits were also observed, which enables us to discriminate independent traits from linked ones. The results should be helpful information for further functional analysis of salt tolerance in M. truncatula.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Exbrayat
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (UMR441 and UMR 2594), 18 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Georges Bertoni
- Institut National Polytechnique (INP), Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse (ENSAT), Unité Mixte Recherche DYNAFOR (Dynamiques et Écologie des Paysages Agriforestiers), Université de Toulouse, BP 32607, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Mohamad Reza Naghavie
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agricultural & Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
| | - Ali Peyghambari
- Agronomy and Plant Breeding Department, Agricultural & Natural Resources College, University of Tehran, Karaj, 31587-11167, Iran
| | - Mounavar Badri
- Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, BP 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia
| | - Frédéric Debelle
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes (UMR441 and UMR 2594), 18 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France
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Chen X, Huang Q, Zhang F, Wang B, Wang J, Zheng J. ZmCIPK21, a maize CBL-interacting kinase, enhances salt stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:14819-34. [PMID: 25153634 PMCID: PMC4159884 DOI: 10.3390/ijms150814819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Salt stress represents an increasing threat to crop growth and yield in saline soil. In this study, we identified a maize calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase (CIPK), ZmCIPK21, which was primarily localized in the cytoplasm and the nucleus of cells and displayed enhanced expression under salt stress. Over-expression of ZmCIPK21 in wild-type Arabidopsis plants increased their tolerance to salt, as supported by the longer root lengths and improved growth. The downstream stress-response genes, including dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) genes were also activated in transgenic plants over-expressing ZmCIPK21. In addition, introduction of the transgenic ZmCIPK21 gene into the Arabidopsis mutant cipk1-2 rescued the salt-sensitive phenotype under high salt stress. Measurement of Na+ and K+ content in transgenic plants showed that over-expression of ZmCIPK21 decreased accumulation of Na+ and allowed retention of relatively high levels of K+, thereby enhancing plant tolerance to salt conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xunji Chen
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Quansheng Huang
- Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 403 Nanchang Road, Urumqi 830091, China.
| | - Fan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Bo Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100094, China.
| | - Jun Zheng
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 12 Zhongguancun South Street, Beijing 100081, China.
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