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Lin CN, Liang YL, Tsai HF, Wu PY, Huang LY, Lin YH, Kang CY, Yao CL, Shen MR, Hsu KF. Adipocyte pyroptosis occurs in omental tumor microenvironment and is associated with chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:62. [PMID: 38862973 PMCID: PMC11167873 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01051-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ovarian carcinoma (OC) is a fatal malignancy, with most patients experiencing recurrence and resistance to chemotherapy. In contrast to hematogenous metastasizing tumors, ovarian cancer cells disseminate within the peritoneal cavity, especially the omentum. Previously, we reported omental crown-like structure (CLS) number is associated with poor prognosis of advanced-stage OC. CLS that have pathologic features of a dead or dying adipocyte was surrounded by several macrophages is well known a histologic hallmark for inflammatory adipose tissue. In this study, we attempted to clarify the interaction between metastatic ovarian cancer cells and omental CLS, and to formulate a therapeutic strategy for advanced-stage ovarian cancer. METHODS A three-cell (including OC cells, adipocytes and macrophages) coculture model was established to mimic the omental tumor microenvironment (TME) of ovarian cancer. Caspase-1 activity, ATP and free fatty acids (FFA) levels were detected by commercial kits. An adipocyte organoid model was established to assess macrophages migration and infiltration. In vitro and in vivo experiments were performed for functional assays and therapeutic effect evaluations. Clinical OC tissue samples were collected for immunochemistry stain and statistics analysis. RESULTS In three-cell coculture model, OC cells-derived IL-6 and IL-8 could induce the occurrence of pyroptosis in omental adipocytes. The pyroptotic adipocytes release ATP to increase macrophage infiltration, release FFA into TME, uptake by OC cells to increase chemoresistance. From OC tumor samples study, we demonstrated patients with high gasdermin D (GSDMD) expression in omental adipocytes is highly correlated with chemoresistance and poor outcome in advanced-stage OC. In animal model, by pyroptosis inhibitor, DSF, effectively retarded tumor growth and prolonged mice survival. CONCLUSIONS Omental adipocyte pyroptosis may contribute the chemoresistance in advanced stage OC. Omental adipocytes could release FFA and ATP through the GSDMD-mediate pyroptosis to induce chemoresistance and macrophages infiltration resulting the poor prognosis in advanced-stage OC. Inhibition of adipocyte pyroptosis may be a potential therapeutic modality in advanced-stage OC with omentum metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ni Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ling Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Fen Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Ying Wu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Lan-Yin Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Han Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Yi Kang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Ling Yao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Ru Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan
| | - Keng-Fu Hsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, National Cheng Kung University, 138, Sheng-Li Road, Tainan, 70428, Taiwan.
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
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Kim DH, Kang YN, Jin J, Park M, Kim D, Yoon G, Yun JW, Lee J, Park SY, Lee YR, Byun JK, Choi YK, Park KG. Glutamine-derived aspartate is required for eIF5A hypusination-mediated translation of HIF-1α to induce the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages. Exp Mol Med 2024; 56:1123-1136. [PMID: 38689086 PMCID: PMC11148203 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-024-01214-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are vital contributors to the growth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance of various cancers, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the exact phenotype of TAMs and the mechanisms underlying their modulation for therapeutic purposes have not been determined. Here, we present compelling evidence that glutamine-derived aspartate in TAMs stimulates spermidine production through the polyamine synthesis pathway, thereby increasing the translation efficiency of HIF-1α via eIF5A hypusination. Consequently, augmented translation of HIF-1α drives TAMs to undergo an increase glycolysis and acquire a metabolic phenotype distinct from that of M2 macrophages. Finally, eIF5A levels in tumor stromal lesions were greater than those in nontumor stromal lesions. Additionally, a higher degree of tumor stromal eIF5A hypusination was significantly associated with a more advanced tumor stage. Taken together, these data highlight the potential of inhibiting hypusinated eIF5A by targeting glutamine metabolism in TAMs, thereby opening a promising avenue for the development of novel therapeutic approaches for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Ho Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Yoo Na Kang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Jonghwa Jin
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Mihyang Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Daehoon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea
| | - Ghilsuk Yoon
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - Jae Won Yun
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, 05368, South Korea
| | - Jaebon Lee
- Veterans Medical Research Institute, Veterans Health Service Medical Center, Seoul, 05368, South Korea
| | - Soo Young Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea
| | - Yu Rim Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, South Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Byun
- BK21 FOUR Community‑Based Intelligent Novel Drug Discovery Education Unit, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| | - Yeon-Kyung Choi
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Chilgok Hospital, Daegu, 41404, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
| | - Keun-Gyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, 41944, South Korea.
- Research Institute of Aging and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea.
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Guerrini V, Prideaux B, Khan R, Subbian S, Wang Y, Sadimin E, Pawar S, Ukey R, Singer EA, Xue C, Gennaro ML. Heterogeneity of foam cell biogenesis across diseases. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.08.542766. [PMID: 37333211 PMCID: PMC10274805 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.08.542766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Foam cells are dysfunctional, lipid-laden macrophages associated with chronic inflammation of diverse origin. The long-standing paradigm that foam cells are cholesterol-laden derives from atherosclerosis research. We previously showed that, in tuberculosis, foam cells surprisingly accumulate triglycerides. Here, we utilized bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis), fungal (Cryptococcus neoformans), and human papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) models. We applied mass spectrometry-based imaging to assess the spatial distribution of storage lipids relative to foam-cell-rich areas in lesional tissues, and characterized lipid-laden macrophages generated under corresponding in vitro conditions. The in vivo data were consistent with in vitro findings showing that cryptococcus-infected macrophages accumulated triglycerides, while macrophages exposed to pRCC-conditioned-medium accumulated both triglycerides and cholesterol. Moreover, cryptococcus- and mycobacterium-infected macrophages accumulated triglycerides by different mechanisms. Collectively, our data indicate that the mechanisms of foam cell formation are disease-microenvironment-specific. Since foam cells are potential therapeutic targets, recognizing that their formation is disease-specific opens new biomedical research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Guerrini
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Brendan Prideaux
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555
| | - Rehan Khan
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Yina Wang
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Evita Sadimin
- Section of Urologic Pathology and Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Siddhi Pawar
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Rahul Ukey
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Eric A. Singer
- Section of Urologic Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey and Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08901
| | - Chaoyang Xue
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Microbiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
| | - Maria Laura Gennaro
- Public Health Research Institute, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
- Department of Medicine, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences, Newark, NJ 07103
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Chen H, Liu H, Liu D, Fu Y, Yao Y, Cao Z, Peng Z, Yang M, Zhao Q. M2 macrophage‑derived exosomes alleviate KCa3.1 channel expression in rapidly paced HL‑1 myocytes via the NF‑κB (p65)/STAT3 signaling pathway. Mol Med Rep 2024; 29:55. [PMID: 38334149 PMCID: PMC10877089 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2024.13179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study was designed to explore the role of M2 macrophage‑derived exosomes (M2‑exos) on the KCa3.1 channel in a cellular atrial fibrillation (AF) model using rapidly paced HL‑1 myocytes. M2 macrophages and M2‑exos were isolated and identified. MicroRNA (miR)‑146a‑5p levels in M2 macrophages and M2‑exos were quantified using reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR (RT‑qPCR). HL‑1 myocytes were randomly divided into six groups: Control group, pacing group, pacing + coculture group (pacing HL‑1 cells cocultured with M2‑exos), pacing + mimic‑miR‑146a‑5p group, pacing + NC‑miR‑146a‑5p group and pacing + pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC; a special blocker of the NF‑κB signaling pathway) group. Transmission electron microscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis, western blotting, RT‑qPCR and immunohistochemistry were performed in the present study. A whole‑cell clamp was also applied to record the current density of KCa3.1 and action potential duration (APD) in each group. The results revealed that miR‑146a‑5p was highly expressed in both M2 macrophages and M2‑exos. Pacing HL‑1 cells led to a shorter APD, an increased KCa3.1 current density and higher protein levels of KCa3.1, phosphorylated (p‑)NF‑κB p65, p‑STAT3 and IL‑1β compared with the control group. M2‑exos, miR‑146a‑5p‑mimic and PDTC both reduced the protein expression of KCa3.1, p‑NF‑κB p65, p‑STAT3 and IL‑1β and the current density of KCa3.1, resulting in a longer APD in the pacing HL‑1 cells. In conclusion, M2‑exos and their cargo, which comprised miR‑146a‑5p, decreased KCa3.1 expression and IL‑1β secretion in pacing HL‑1 cells via the NF‑κB/STAT3 signaling pathway, limiting the shorter APD caused by rapid pacing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Huafen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Dishiwen Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yuntao Fu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yajun Yao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Cao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Department of Cardiology, Yidu People's Hospital, Yidu, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Mei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qingyan Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Cardiology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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5
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Van NTH, Kim WK, Nam JH. Challenges in the Therapeutic Targeting of KCa Channels: From Basic Physiology to Clinical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2965. [PMID: 38474212 PMCID: PMC10932353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Calcium-activated potassium (KCa) channels are ubiquitously expressed throughout the body and are able to regulate membrane potential and intracellular calcium concentrations, thereby playing key roles in cellular physiology and signal transmission. Consequently, it is unsurprising that KCa channels have been implicated in various diseases, making them potential targets for pharmaceutical interventions. Over the past two decades, numerous studies have been conducted to develop KCa channel-targeting drugs, including those for disorders of the central and peripheral nervous, cardiovascular, and urinary systems and for cancer. In this review, we synthesize recent findings regarding the structure and activating mechanisms of KCa channels. We also discuss the role of KCa channel modulators in therapeutic medicine. Finally, we identify the major reasons behind the delay in bringing these modulators to the pharmaceutical market and propose new strategies to promote their application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhung Thi Hong Van
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Kim
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Dongguk University, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Nam
- Department of Physiology, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea;
- Channelopathy Research Center (CRC), Dongguk University College of Medicine, Goyang 10326, Republic of Korea
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Hou S, Zhao Y, Chen J, Lin Y, Qi X. Tumor-associated macrophages in colorectal cancer metastasis: molecular insights and translational perspectives. J Transl Med 2024; 22:62. [PMID: 38229160 PMCID: PMC10792812 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-04856-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Metastasis is the leading cause of high mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC), which is not only driven by changes occurring within the tumor cells, but is also influenced by the dynamic interaction between cancer cells and components in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Currently, the exploration of TME remodeling and its impact on CRC metastasis has attracted increasing attention owing to its potential to uncover novel therapeutic avenues. Noteworthy, emerging studies suggested that tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) within the TME played important roles in CRC metastasis by secreting a variety of cytokines, chemokines, growth factors and proteases. Moreover, TAMs are often associated with poor prognosis and drug resistance, making them promising targets for CRC therapy. Given the prognostic and clinical value of TAMs, this review provides an updated overview on the origin, polarization and function of TAMs, and discusses the mechanisms by which TAMs promote the metastatic cascade of CRC. Potential TAM-targeting techniques for personalized theranostics of metastatic CRC are emphasized. Finally, future perspectives and challenges for translational applications of TAMs in CRC development and metastasis are proposed to help develop novel TAM-based strategies for CRC precision medicine and holistic healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Hou
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China
| | - Yuxin Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215000, China.
- Center for Systems Biology, Department of Bioinformatics, School of Biology and Basic Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Xin Qi
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215011, China.
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Becherini C, Lancia A, Detti B, Lucidi S, Scartoni D, Ingrosso G, Carnevale MG, Roghi M, Bertini N, Orsatti C, Mangoni M, Francolini G, Marani S, Giacomelli I, Loi M, Pergolizzi S, Bonzano E, Aristei C, Livi L. Modulation of tumor-associated macrophage activity with radiation therapy: a systematic review. Strahlenther Onkol 2023; 199:1173-1190. [PMID: 37347290 PMCID: PMC10673745 DOI: 10.1007/s00066-023-02097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most represented cells of the immune system in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Besides its effects on cancer cells, radiation therapy (RT) can alter TME composition. With this systematic review, we provide a better understanding on how RT can regulate macrophage characterization, namely the M1 antitumor and the M2 protumor polarization, with the aim of describing new effective RT models and exploration of the possibility of integrating radiation with other available therapies. METHODS A systematic search in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines was carried out in PubMed, Google Scholar, and Scopus. Articles from January 2000 to April 2020 which focus on the role of M1 and M2 macrophages in the response to RT were identified. RESULTS Of the 304 selected articles, 29 qualitative summary papers were included in our analysis (16 focusing on administration of RT and concomitant systemic molecules, and 13 reporting on RT alone). Based on dose intensity, irradiation was classified into low (low-dose irradiation, LDI; corresponding to less than 1 Gy), moderate (moderate-dose irradiation, MDI; between 1 and 10 Gy), and high (high-dose irradiation, HDI; greater than 10 Gy). While HDI seems to be responsible for induced angiogenesis and accelerated tumor growth through early M2-polarized TAM infiltration, MDI stimulates phagocytosis and local LDI may represent a valid treatment option for possible combination with cancer immunotherapeutic agents. CONCLUSION TAMs seem to have an ambivalent role on the efficacy of cancer treatment. Radiation therapy, which exerts its main antitumor activity via cell killing, can in turn interfere with TAM characterization through different modalities. The plasticity of TAMs makes them an attractive target for anticancer therapies and more research should be conducted to explore this potential therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Becherini
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Careggi, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Largo Brambila 1, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lancia
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Detti
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Careggi, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Largo Brambila 1, 50134, Florence, Italy.
| | - Sara Lucidi
- Radiation Oncology, Santa Chiara Hospital, Trento, Italy
| | - Daniele Scartoni
- Proton Treatment Center, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ingrosso
- Radiation Oncology Section, Perugia General Hospital, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Carnevale
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuele Roghi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Niccolò Bertini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Carolina Orsatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Monica Mangoni
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Giulio Francolini
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Careggi, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Largo Brambila 1, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Simona Marani
- Radiation Oncology Section, Perugia General Hospital, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Irene Giacomelli
- Proton Treatment Center, Azienda Provinciale per i Servizi Sanitari, Trento, Italy
| | - Mauro Loi
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Careggi, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Largo Brambila 1, 50134, Florence, Italy
| | - Stefano Pergolizzi
- Radiation Oncology Unit-Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Bonzano
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Cynthia Aristei
- Radiation Oncology Section, Perugia General Hospital, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Radiation Oncology, Azienda Universitaria Ospedaliera Careggi, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Largo Brambila 1, 50134, Florence, Italy
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences Mario Serio, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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8
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Rodríguez Mesa XM, Contreras Bolaños LA, Modesti Costa G, Mejia AL, Santander González SP. A Bidens pilosa L. Non-Polar Extract Modulates the Polarization of Human Macrophages and Dendritic Cells into an Anti-Inflammatory Phenotype. Molecules 2023; 28:7094. [PMID: 37894572 PMCID: PMC10608814 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Different communities around the world traditionally use Bidens pilosa L. for medicinal purposes, mainly for its anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant properties; it is used as an ingredient in teas or herbal medicines for the treatment of pain, inflammation, and immunological disorders. Several studies have been conducted that prove the immunomodulatory properties of this plant; however, it is not known whether the immunomodulatory properties of B. pilosa are mediated by its ability to modulate antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as macrophages (MØs) and dendritic cells (DCs) (through polarization or the maturation state, respectively). Different polar and non-polar extracts and fractions were prepared from the aerial part of B. pilosa. Their cytotoxic and immunomodulatory effects were first tested on human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-stimulated PBMCs, respectively, via an MTT assay. Then, the non-cytotoxic plant extracts and fractions that showed the highest immunomodulatory activity were selected to evaluate their effects on human MØ polarization and DC maturation (cell surface phenotype and cytokine secretion) through multiparametric flow cytometry. Finally, the chemical compounds of the B. pilosa extract that showed the most significant immunomodulatory effects on human APCs were identified using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The petroleum ether extract and the ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions obtained from B. pilosa showed low cytotoxicity and modulated the PHA-stimulated proliferation of PBMCs. Furthermore, the B. pilosa petroleum ether extract induced M2 polarization or a hybrid M1/M2 phenotype in MØs and a semi-mature status in DCs, regardless of exposure to a maturation stimulus. The immunomodulatory activity of the non-polar (petroleum ether) extract of B. pilosa on human PBMC proliferation, M2 polarization of MØs, and semi-mature status in DCs might be attributed to the low-medium polarity components in the extract, such as phytosterol terpenes and fatty acid esters.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Geison Modesti Costa
- Phytochemistry Research Group (GIFUJ), Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá 110231, Colombia
| | - Antonio Luis Mejia
- Phytoimmunomodulation Research Group, Juan N. Corpas University Foundation, Bogotá 111161, Colombia
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Yamamoto T, Tsunedomi R, Nakajima M, Suzuki N, Yoshida S, Tomochika S, Xu M, Nakagami Y, Matsui H, Tokumitsu Y, Shindo Y, Watanabe Y, Iida M, Takeda S, Hazama S, Tanabe T, Ioka T, Hoshii Y, Kiyota A, Takizawa H, Kawakami Y, Ueno T, Nagano H. IL-6 Levels Correlate with Prognosis and Immunosuppressive Stromal Cells in Patients with Colorectal Cancer. Ann Surg Oncol 2023; 30:5267-5277. [PMID: 37222942 DOI: 10.1245/s10434-023-13527-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prognosis for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) is determined by tumor characteristics as well as the host immune response. This study investigated the relationship between an immunosuppressive state and patient prognosis by evaluating the systemic and tumor microenvironment (TME) interleukin (IL)-6 levels. METHODS Preoperative serum IL-6 levels were measured using an electrochemiluminescence assay. Expression of IL-6 in tumor and stromal cells was evaluated immunohistochemically in 209 patients with resected CRC. Single-cell analysis of tumor-infiltrating immune cells was performed using mass cytometry in 10 additional cases. RESULTS Elevated serum IL-6 levels were associated with elevated stromal IL-6 levels and a poor prognosis for patients with CRC. High IL-6 expression in stromal cells was associated with low-density subsets of CD3+ and CD4+ T cells as well as FOXP3+ cells. Mass cytometry analysis showed that IL-6+ cells among tumor-infiltrating immune cells were composed primarily of myeloid cells and rarely of lymphoid cells. In the high-IL-6-expression group, the percentages of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and CD4+FOXP3highCD45RA- effector regulatory T cells (eTreg) were significantly higher than in the low-IL-6-expression group. Furthermore, the proportion of IL-10+ cells in MDSCs and that of IL-10+ or CTLA-4+ cells in eTregs correlated with IL-6 levels. CONCLUSION Elevated serum IL-6 levels were associated with stromal IL-6 levels in CRC. High IL-6 expression in tumor-infiltrating immune cells also was associated with accumulation of immunosuppressive cells in the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsunenori Yamamoto
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ryouichi Tsunedomi
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Masao Nakajima
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Suzuki
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shin Yoshida
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shinobu Tomochika
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yuki Nakagami
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Hiroto Matsui
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukio Tokumitsu
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshitaro Shindo
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yusaku Watanabe
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Michihisa Iida
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shigeru Takeda
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Shoichi Hazama
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Tanabe
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ioka
- Oncology Center, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Hoshii
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Yamaguchi University Hospital, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Akifumi Kiyota
- Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University International Research, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Takizawa
- Center for Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University International Research, Kumamoto, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kawakami
- Division of Cellular Signaling, Institute for Advanced Medical Research, Keio University School of Medicine, Shinjuku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomio Ueno
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nagano
- Department of Gastroenterological, Breast and Endocrine Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
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Zhao C, Wang D, Li Z, Zhang Z, Xu Y, Liu J, Lei Q, Han D, Huo Y, Liu S, Li L, Zhang Y. IL8 derived from macrophages inhibits CD8 + T-cell function by downregulating TIM3 expression through IL8-CXCR2 axis in patients with advanced colorectal cancer. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 121:110457. [PMID: 37331296 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein 3 (TIM3) is a vital immune checkpoint that regulates the immune response. However, the specific role of TIM3 in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) have rarely been studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of TIM3 on CD8+ T cells in CRC and explored the mechanism of TIM3 regulation in tumor microenvironment (TME). METHODS Peripheral blood and tumor tissues of patients with CRC were collected to evaluate TIM3 expression using flow cytometry. Cytokines in the serum of healthy donors and patients with early- and advanced-stage CRC were screened using a multiplex assay. The effects of interleukin-8 (IL8) on TIM3 expression on CD8+ T cells were analyzed using cell incubation experiments in vitro. The correlation between TIM3 or IL8 and prognosis was verified using bioinformatics analysis. RESULTS TIM3 expression on CD8+ T cells was obviously reduced in patients with advanced-stage CRC, whereas a lower TIM3 expression level was associated with poorer prognosis. Macrophage-derived IL8, which could inhibit TIM3 expression on CD8+ T cells, was significantly increased in the serum of patients with advanced CRC. In addition, the function and proliferation of CD8+ and TIM3+CD8+ T cells were inhibited by IL8, which was partly depending on TIM3 expression. The inhibitory effects of IL8 were reversed by anti-IL8 and anti-CXCR2 antibodies. CONCLUSIONS In summary, macrophages-derived IL8 suppresses TIM3 expression on CD8+ T cells through CXCR2. Targeting the IL8/CXCR2 axis may be an effective strategy for treating patients with advanced CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Zhao
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhen Li
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yujie Xu
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Qingyang Lei
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Dong Han
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Yachang Huo
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Shasha Liu
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment Centre of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- Biotherapy Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Cancer Center, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; School of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China; Henan Key Laboratory for Tumor Immunology and Biotherapy, Zhengzhou, Henan 450052, China.
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11
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Song Y, Deng Z, Sun H, Zhao Y, Zhao R, Cheng J, Huang Q. Predicting tumor repopulation through the gene panel derived from radiation resistant colorectal cancer cells. J Transl Med 2023; 21:390. [PMID: 37328854 PMCID: PMC10273655 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor cells with the capability of radiation resistance can escape the fate of cell death after radiotherapy, serving as the main cause of treatment failure. Repopulation of tumors after radiotherapy is dominated by this group of residual cells, which greatly reduce the sensitivity of recurrent tumors to the therapy, resulting in poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, revealing the mechanism of radiation resistant cells participating in tumor repopulation is of vital importance for cancer patients to obtain a better prognosis. METHODS Co-expressed genes were searched by using genetic data of radiation resistant cells (from GEO database) and TCGA colorectal cancer. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis were performed to define the most significant co-expressed genes for establishing prognostic indicator. Logistic analysis, WGCNA analysis, and other types of tumors were included to verify the predictive ability of the indicator. RT-qPCR was carried out to test expression level of key genes in colorectal cancer cell lines. Colongenic assay was utilized to test the radio-sensitivity and repopulation ability of key gene knockdown cells. RESULTS Prognostic indicator based on TCGA colorectal cancer patients containing four key radiation resistance genes (LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4, CENPH) was established. The indicator was shown to be significantly correlated with the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiotherapy, and also had an acceptable predictive effect in the other five types of cancer. RT-qPCR showed that expression level of key genes was basically consistent with the radiation resistance level of colorectal cancer cells. The clonogenic ability of all key gene knockdown cells decreased after radiation treatment compared with the control groups. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that LGR5, KCNN4, TNS4 and CENPH are correlated with radiation sensitivity of colorectal cancer cells, and the indicator composed by them can reflect the prognosis of colorectal cancer patients undergoing radiation therapy. Our data provide an evidence of radiation resistant tumor cells involved in tumor repopulation, and give patients undergoing radiotherapy an approving prognostic indicator with regard to tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwei Song
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Yucui Zhao
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Ruyi Zhao
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Diseases, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China
| | - Jin Cheng
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
| | - Qian Huang
- Cancer Center, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201620, China.
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12
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Betulinic Acid Inhibits the Stemness of Gastric Cancer Cells by Regulating the GRP78-TGF-β1 Signaling Pathway and Macrophage Polarization. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041725. [PMID: 36838713 PMCID: PMC9964887 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stemness is the process by which cancer cells acquire chemoresistance and self-renewal in the tumor microenvironment. Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is a biomarker for gastric cancer and is involved in cancer stemness. By inducing cancer stemness in various types of cancer, the polarization of macrophages into tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) controls tumor progression. Betulinic acid (BA) is a bioactive natural compound with anticancer properties. However, whether GRP78 regulates TAM-mediated cancer stemness in the tumor microenvironment and whether BA inhibits GRP78-mediated cancer stemness in gastric cancer remain unknown. In this study, we investigated the role of GRP78 in gastric cancer stemness in a tumor microenvironment regulated by BA. The results indicated that BA inhibited not only GRP78-mediated stemness-related protein expression and GRP78-TGF-β-mediated macrophage polarization into TAMs, but also TAM-mediated cancer stemness. Therefore, BA is a promising candidate for clinical application in combination-chemotherapy targeting cancer stemness.
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13
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Ansari T, Dutta G, Srivastava AK, Jagetia A, Singh D, Singh H, Bharti R, Prakash A, Kumar A. Serum cytokines in astrocytic brain tumors: a prospective study. Br J Neurosurg 2023; 37:35-40. [PMID: 33349075 DOI: 10.1080/02688697.2020.1859461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are the most aggressive form of brain tumors responsible for the majority of brain cancer related deaths. Interleukin (IL)-6, 10 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)- α are tumor specific proteins that are expressed in gliomas. This study aims to estimate the pre- and postoperative levels of serum markers of these cytokines to evaluate any bearing with its grade and volume. METHODS Prospective analysis of 80 patients of newly-diagnosed gliomas of any grade was carried out. Pre- and postoperative blood samples day one, one month and at 3rd month of surgery was taken and levels of IL-6, 10 and TNF- α measured and matched with 20 healthy controls. RESULTS Of the 80 patients, 3 patients had pilocytic astrocytoma, 4 had ganglioglioma, 9 had oligodendroglioma, 17 had diffuse astrocytoma, 5 had anaplastic astrocytoma while 43 had glioblastoma. Preoperative levels of IL-6 and TNF- α was found to be markedly raised in high grade gliomas. Positive correlation was seen between IL-6 with the grade of tumor and high-grade tumors were seen to be more significantly correlated with IL-6. However, preoperative IL-10 in both low and high grade of gliomas did not show any correlation with the volume and grade of tumor. CONCLUSION High level of IL-6 and TNF-α in peripheral blood in patients of high-grade gliomas provides clue to the invasiveness of the disease which can be useful for understanding the premorbid development of tumor and perhaps extrapolating to ongoing tumor response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tariq Ansari
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Dutta
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Jharkhand, India
| | - Arvind Kumar Srivastava
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Anita Jagetia
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Daljit Singh
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Hukum Singh
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Govind Ballabh Pant Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (GIPMER), New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Bharti
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Jharkhand, India
| | - Anand Prakash
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Jharkhand, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Neuro-Surgery, Rajendra Institute of Medical Sciences (RIMS), Jharkhand, India
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Chia PL, Ang KH, Thura M, Zeng Q. PRL3 as a therapeutic target for novel cancer immunotherapy in multiple cancer types. Theranostics 2023; 13:1876-1891. [PMID: 37064866 PMCID: PMC10091880 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL3) was discovered in 1998 and was subsequently found to be correlated with cancer progression and metastasis in 2001. Extensive research in the past two decades has produced significant findings on PRL3-mediated cancer signaling and functions, as well as its clinical relevance in diverse types of cancer. PRL3 has been established to play a role in many cancer-related functions, including but not limited to metastasis, proliferation, and angiogenesis. Importantly, the tumor-specific expression of PRL3 protein in multiple cancer types has made it an attractive therapeutic target. Much effort has been made in developing PRL3-targeted therapy with small chemical inhibitors against intracellular PRL3, and notably, the development of PRL3-zumab as a novel cancer immunotherapy against PRL3. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of PRL3 in cancer-related cellular functions, its prognostic value, as well as perspectives on PRL3 as a target for unconventional immunotherapy in the clinic with PRL3-zumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Ling Chia
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore 138673; ; ;
| | - Koon Hwee Ang
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore 138673; ; ;
| | - Min Thura
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore 138673; ; ;
| | - Qi Zeng
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (ASTAR), Singapore 138673; ; ;
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Jiménez-Cortegana C, Hontecillas-Prieto L, García-Domínguez DJ, Zapata F, Palazón-Carrión N, Sánchez-León ML, Tami M, Pérez-Pérez A, Sánchez-Jiménez F, Vilariño-García T, de la Cruz-Merino L, Sánchez-Margalet V. Obesity and Risk for Lymphoma: Possible Role of Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415530. [PMID: 36555171 PMCID: PMC9779026 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity, which is considered a pandemic due to its high prevalence, is a risk factor for many types of cancers, including lymphoma, through a variety of mechanisms by promoting an inflammatory state. Specifically, over the last few decades, obesity has been suggested not only to increase the risk of lymphoma but also to be associated with poor clinical outcomes and worse responses to different treatments for those diseases. Within the extensive range of proinflammatory mediators that adipose tissue releases, leptin has been demonstrated to be a key adipokine due to its pleotropic effects in many physiological systems and diseases. In this sense, different studies have analyzed leptin levels and leptin/leptin receptor expressions as a probable bridge between obesity and lymphomas. Since both obesity and lymphomas are prevalent pathophysiological conditions worldwide and their incidences have increased over the last few years, here we review the possible role of leptin as a promising proinflammatory mediator promoting lymphomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jiménez-Cortegana
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Lourdes Hontecillas-Prieto
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J. García-Domínguez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Fernando Zapata
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Natalia Palazón-Carrión
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - María L. Sánchez-León
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Malika Tami
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Antonio Pérez-Pérez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Flora Sánchez-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Teresa Vilariño-García
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
| | - Luis de la Cruz-Merino
- Oncology Service, Department of Medicines, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
| | - Víctor Sánchez-Margalet
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, University of Seville, 41009 Seville, Spain
- Correspondence: (L.d.l.C.-M.); (V.S.-M.)
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Amer HT, Stein U, El Tayebi HM. The Monocyte, a Maestro in the Tumor Microenvironment (TME) of Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14215460. [PMID: 36358879 PMCID: PMC9658645 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide, surpassing lung cancer as the leading cause of overall cancer incidence. Available possible treatments nowadays include chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, and HER2-targeted therapy. Chemotherapy is notorious for its severe adverse effects. On the other hand, hormonal and HER2-targeted therapies only cover a narrow range of breast cancer subtypes. Accordingly, it is important to shed light on other therapy options. For this reason, immunotherapy nowadays is one of the most important research topics. It can be accomplished either by enhancing the pro-inflammatory immunity or suppressing the anti-inflammatory immunity. This review article aims to shed light on the importance of monocytes in the TME of breast cancer. The review also aims to highlight the behavior of the monocyte-derived populations, especially the anti-inflammatory populations. Thus, suppressing this anti-inflammatory activity might have a remarkable impact on future immunotherapy research. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) is well-known for being a leading cause of death worldwide. It is classified molecularly into luminal A, luminal B HER2−, luminal B HER2+, HER2+, and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). These subtypes differ in their prognosis; thus, understanding the tumor microenvironment (TME) makes new treatment strategies possible. The TME contains populations that exhibit anti-tumorigenic actions such as tumor-associated eosinophils. Moreover, it contains pro-tumorigenic populations such as tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), or monocyte-derived populations. The monocyte-derived populations are tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and MDSCs. Thus, a monocyte can be considered a maestro within the TME. Moreover, the expansion of monocytes in the TME depends on many factors such as the BC stage, the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF), and the presence of some chemoattractants. After expansion, monocytes can differentiate into pro-inflammatory populations such as M1 macrophages or anti-inflammatory populations such as M2 macrophages according to the nature of cytokines present in the TME. Differentiation to TAMs depends on various factors such as the BC subtype, the presence of anti-inflammatory cytokines, and epigenetic factors. Furthermore, TAMs and MDSCs not only have a role in tumor progression but also are key players in metastasis. Thus, understanding the monocytes further can introduce new target therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda T. Amer
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt
| | - Ulrike Stein
- Translational Oncology of Solid Tumors, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité—Universitäsmedizin Berlin and Max-Delbrük-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, 10117 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Hend M. El Tayebi
- Molecular Pharmacology Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, German University in Cairo, Cairo 11865, Egypt
- Correspondence:
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Bazzichetto C, Milella M, Zampiva I, Simionato F, Amoreo CA, Buglioni S, Pacelli C, Le Pera L, Colombo T, Bria E, Zeuli M, Del Bufalo D, Sperduti I, Conciatori F. Interleukin-8 in Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Its Potential Role as a Prognostic Biomarker. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102631. [PMID: 36289899 PMCID: PMC9599846 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Among soluble actors that have emerged as druggable factors, the chemokine interleukin-8 (IL-8) has emerged as a possible determinant of response to immunotherapy and targeted treatment in several cancer types; however, its prognostic/predictive role in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains to be established. We: (i) conducted a systematic review of published literature on IL-8 expression in CRC; (ii) searched public transcriptomics databases; (iii) investigated IL-8 expression, by tumor and infiltrating cells, in a series of CRC samples; and (iv) carried out a meta-analysis of published literature correlating IL-8 expression and CRC prognosis. IL-8 possesses an important role as a mediator of the bidirectional crosstalk between tumor/stromal cells. Transcriptomic analysis indicated that specific IL-8 transcripts were significantly overexpressed in CRC compared to normal colon mucosa. Moreover, in our series we observed a statistically significant correlation between PTEN-loss and IL-8 expression by infiltrating mononuclear and tumor cells. In total, 12 papers met our meta-analysis inclusion criteria, demonstrating that high IL-8 levels significantly correlated with shorter overall survival and progression-free survival. Sensitivity analysis demonstrated a highly significant correlation with outcome for circulating, but not for tissue-detected, IL-8. IL-8 is overexpressed in CRC tissues and differentially produced by tumor or stromal components depending on CRC genetic background. Moreover, circulating IL-8 represents a strong prognostic factor in CRC, suggesting its use in the refining of prognostic CRC assessment and potentially the tailoring of therapeutic strategies in individual CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bazzichetto
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-06-52665185 (C.B.)
| | - Michele Milella
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona-School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, 37134 Verona, Italy
- Correspondence: (C.B.); (M.M.); Tel.: +39-06-52665185 (C.B.)
| | - Ilaria Zampiva
- Section of Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona-School of Medicine and Verona University Hospital Trust, 37134 Verona, Italy
| | | | | | - Simonetta Buglioni
- Pathology Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Pacelli
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Loredana Le Pera
- Servizio Grandi Strumentazioni e Core Facilities, Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS), 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Teresa Colombo
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology-National Research Council (IBPM-CNR), 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Emilio Bria
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo Zeuli
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Donatella Del Bufalo
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Isabella Sperduti
- Biostatistics Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabiana Conciatori
- Preclinical Models and New Therapeutic Agents Unit, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
- Medical Oncology 1, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, 00144 Rome, Italy
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18
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Lin Y, Zhao YJ, Zhang HL, Hao WJ, Zhu RD, Wang Y, Hu W, Zhou RP. Regulatory role of KCa3.1 in immune cell function and its emerging association with rheumatoid arthritis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:997621. [PMID: 36275686 PMCID: PMC9580404 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.997621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a common autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation. Immune dysfunction is an essential mechanism in the pathogenesis of RA and directly linked to synovial inflammation and cartilage/bone destruction. Intermediate conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel (KCa3.1) is considered a significant regulator of proliferation, differentiation, and migration of immune cells by mediating Ca2+ signal transduction. Earlier studies have demonstrated abnormal activation of KCa3.1 in the peripheral blood and articular synovium of RA patients. Moreover, knockout of KCa3.1 reduced the severity of synovial inflammation and cartilage damage to a significant extent in a mouse collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) model. Accumulating evidence implicates KCa3.1 as a potential therapeutic target for RA. Here, we provide an overview of the KCa3.1 channel and its pharmacological properties, discuss the significance of KCa3.1 in immune cells and feasibility as a drug target for modulating the immune balance, and highlight its emerging role in pathological progression of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Lin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ying-Jie Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hai-Lin Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Juan Hao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ren-Di Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Hu, ; Ren-Peng Zhou,
| | - Ren-Peng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Second Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- The Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- *Correspondence: Wei Hu, ; Ren-Peng Zhou,
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Guo W, Liu GM, Guan JY, Chen YJ, Zhao YZ, Wang K, Bai O. Epigenetic regulation of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma is mediated by dysregulated lncRNA MALAT1 through modulation of tumor microenvironment. Front Oncol 2022; 12:977266. [PMID: 36059695 PMCID: PMC9433805 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.977266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous T-Cell Lymphoma (CTCL) is a rare non-Hodgkin lymphoma marked by migration of T-lymphocytes to the skin. It has many subtypes some of which are aggressive with documented metastasis. We investigated a possible role of lncRNA MALAT1 in CTCL cells because of its documented involvement in cancer metastasis. A screening of MALAT1 in CTCL patients revealed its elevated levels in the patients, compared to healthy individuals. For our investigation, we employed HH and H9 CTCL cells and silenced MALAT1 to understand the MALAT1 mediated functions. Such silencing of MALAT1 resulted in reversal of EMT and inhibition of cancer stem cell phenotype, along with reduced cell growth and proliferation. EMT reversal was established through increased E-cadherin and reduced N-cadherin while inhibition of cancer stem cell phenotype was evident through reduced Sox2 and Nanog. CTCL patients had higher circulating levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, TGFβ, PGE2 and MMP7 which are factors released by tumor-associated macrophages in tumor microenvironment. MALAT1 sponged miR-124 as this tumor suppressive miRNA was de-repressed upon MALAT1 silencing. Moreover, downregulation of miR-124 attenuated MALAT1 silencing effects. Our study provides a rationale for further studies focused on an evaluation of MALAT1-miR-124 in CTCL progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Guo
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Guang-Ming Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ji-Yu Guan
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis, Ministry of Education, College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu-Jia Chen
- Department of Gastric Colorectal Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yang-Zhi Zhao
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Kun Wang
- Department of Oncology Hematology, Meihekou Central Hospital, Meihekou, China
| | - Ou Bai
- Department of Hematology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
- *Correspondence: Ou Bai,
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20
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Downregulation of IL-8 and IL-10 by the Activation of Ca2+-Activated K+ Channel KCa3.1 in THP-1-Derived M2 Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158603. [PMID: 35955737 PMCID: PMC9368915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
THP-1-differentiated macrophages are useful for investigating the physiological significance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs). In the tumor microenvironment (TME), TAMs with the M2-like phenotype play a critical role in promoting cancer progression and metastasis by inhibiting the immune surveillance system. We examined the involvement of Ca2+-activated K+ channel KCa3.1 in TAMs in expressing pro-tumorigenic cytokines and angiogenic growth factors. In THP-1-derived M2 macrophages, the expression levels of IL-8 and IL-10 were significantly decreased by treatment with the selective KCa3.1 activator, SKA-121, without changes in those of VEGF and TGF-β1. Furthermore, under in vitro experimental conditions that mimic extracellular K+ levels in the TME, IL-8 and IL-10 levels were both significantly elevated, and these increases were reversed by combined treatment with SKA-121. Among several signaling pathways potentially involved in the transcriptional regulation of IL-8 and IL-10, respective treatments with ERK and JNK inhibitors significantly repressed their transcriptions, and treatment with SKA-121 significantly reduced the phosphorylated ERK, JNK, c-Jun, and CREB levels. These results strongly suggest that the KCa3.1 activator may suppress IL-10-induced tumor immune surveillance escape and IL-8-induced tumorigenicity and metastasis by inhibiting their production from TAMs through ERK-CREB and JNK-c-Jun cascades.
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21
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The Role of Inflammatory Mediators in Colorectal Cancer Hepatic Metastasis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152313. [PMID: 35954156 PMCID: PMC9367504 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the second leading cause of death in cancer patients in the USA, whereas the major cause of CRC deaths is hepatic metastases. The liver is the most common site of metastasis in patients with CRC due to hepatic portal veins receiving blood from the digestive tract. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of hepatic metastases is of dire need for the development of potent targeted therapeutics. Immuno-signaling molecules including cytokines and chemokines play a pivotal role in hepatic metastases from CRC. This brief review discusses the involvement of three representative cytokines (TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β), a lipid molecule PGE2 and two chemokines (CXCL1 and CXCL2) in the process of CRC liver metastases.
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22
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Chen S, Su X, Mo Z. KCNN4 is a Potential Biomarker for Predicting Cancer Prognosis and an Essential Molecule that Remodels Various Components in the Tumor Microenvironment: A Pan-Cancer Study. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:812815. [PMID: 35720112 PMCID: PMC9205469 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.812815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Potassium Calcium-Activated Channel Subfamily N Member 4 (KCNN4) is a member of the KCNN family. Studies have revealed that KCNN4 is implicated in various physiological processes as well as promotes the malignant phenotypes of cancer cells. However, little is known about its associations with survival outcomes across varying cancer types. Methods: Herein, we systematically explored the prognostic value of KCNN4 in the pan-cancer dataset retrieved from multiple databases. Next, we performed correlation analysis of KCNN4 expression with tumor mutational burden (TMB) and microsatellite instability (MSI), and immune checkpoint genes (ICGs) to assess its potential as a predictor of immunotherapy efficacy. Afterwards, patients were divided into increased-risk group and decreased-risk group based on the contrasting survival outcomes in various cancer types. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms of the distinctive effects were analyzed using ESTIMATE, CIBERSORT algorithms, and Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) analysis. Results: KCNN4 expression levels were aberrant in transcriptomic and proteomic levels between cancer and normal control tissues in pan-cancer datasets, further survival analysis elucidated that KCNN4 expression was correlated to multiple survival data, and clinical annotations. Besides, KCNN4 expression was correlated to TMB and MSI levels in 14 types and 12 types of pan-cancers, respectively. Meanwhile, different types of cancer have specific tumor-infiltrating immune cell (TICs) profiles. Conclusions: Our results revealed that KCNN4 could be an essential biomarker for remodeling components in the tumor microenvironment (TME), and a robust indicator for predicting prognosis as well as immunotherapy response in pan-cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xiaotao Su
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengnan Mo
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Collaborative Innovation Center for Genomic and Personalized Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
- *Correspondence: Zengnan Mo,
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23
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Sugimura R, Chao Y. Deciphering Innate Immune Cell-Tumor Microenvironment Crosstalk at a Single-Cell Level. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:803947. [PMID: 35646915 PMCID: PMC9140036 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.803947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment encompasses various innate immune cells which regulate tumor progression. Exploiting innate immune cells is a new frontier of cancer immunotherapy. However, the classical surface markers for cell-type classification cannot always well-conclude the phenotype, which will further hinge our understanding. The innate immune cells include dendritic cells, monocytes/macrophages, natural killer cells, and innate lymphoid cells. They play important roles in tumor growth and survival, in some cases promoting cancer, in other cases negating cancer. The precise characterization of innate immune cells at the single-cell level will boost the potential of cancer immunotherapy. With the development of single-cell RNA sequencing technology, the transcriptome of each cell in the tumor microenvironment can be dissected at a single-cell level, which paves a way for a better understanding of the cell type and its functions. Here, we summarize the subtypes and functions of innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment based on recent literature on single-cell technology. We provide updates on recent achievements and prospects for how to exploit novel functions of tumor-associated innate immune cells and target them for cancer immunotherapy.
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24
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Yang M, Brackenbury WJ. Harnessing the Membrane Potential to Combat Cancer Progression. Bioelectricity 2022. [DOI: 10.1089/bioe.2022.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- York Biomedical Research Institute, Department of Biology, University of York, Heslington, United Kingdom
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25
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The IRENA lncRNA converts chemotherapy-polarized tumor-suppressing macrophages to tumor-promoting phenotypes in breast cancer. NATURE CANCER 2022; 2:457-473. [PMID: 35122000 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00196-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Although chemotherapy can stimulate antitumor immunity by inducing interferon (IFN) response, the functional role of tumor-associated macrophages in this scenario remains unclear. Here, we found that IFN-activated proinflammatory macrophages after neoadjuvant chemotherapy enhanced antitumor immunity but promoted cancer chemoresistance. Mechanistically, IFN induced expression of cytoplasmic long noncoding RNA IFN-responsive nuclear factor-κB activator (IRENA) in macrophages, which triggered nuclear factor-κB signaling via dimerizing protein kinase R and subsequently increased production of protumor inflammatory cytokines. By constructing macrophage-conditional IRENA-knockout mice, we found that targeting IRENA in IFN-activated macrophages abrogated their protumor effects, while retaining their capacity to enhance antitumor immunity. Clinically, IRENA expression in post-chemotherapy macrophages was associated with poor patient survival. These findings indicate that lncRNA can determine the dichotomy of inflammatory cells on cancer progression and antitumor immunity and suggest that targeting IRENA is an effective therapeutic strategy to reversing tumor-promoting inflammation.
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26
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Filimon A, Preda IA, Boloca AF, Negroiu G. Interleukin-8 in Melanoma Pathogenesis, Prognosis and Therapy-An Integrated View into Other Neoplasms and Chemokine Networks. Cells 2021; 11:120. [PMID: 35011682 PMCID: PMC8750532 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma accounts for only about 7% of skin cancers but is causing almost 90% of deaths. Melanoma cells have a distinct repertoire of mutations from other cancers, a high plasticity and degree of mimicry toward vascular phenotype, stemness markers, versatility in evading and suppress host immune control. They exert a significant influence on immune, endothelial and various stromal cells which form tumor microenvironment. The metastatic stage, the leading cause of mortality in this neoplasm, is the outcome of a complex, still poorly understood, cross-talk between tumor and other cell phenotypes. There is accumulating evidence that Interleukin-8 (IL-8) is emblematic for advanced melanomas. This work aimed to present an updated status of IL-8 in melanoma tumor cellular complexity, through a comprehensive analysis including data from other chemokines and neoplasms. The multiple processes and mechanisms surveyed here demonstrate that IL-8 operates following orchestrated programs within signaling webs in melanoma, stromal and vascular cells. Importantly, the yet unknown molecularity regulating IL-8 impact on cells of the immune system could be exploited to overturn tumor fate. The molecular and cellular targets of IL-8 should be brought into the attention of even more intense scientific exploration and valorization in the therapeutical management of melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriela Negroiu
- Group of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy, 060031 Bucharest, Romania; (A.F.); (I.A.P.); (A.F.B.)
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Hayden E, Holliday H, Lehmann R, Khan A, Tsoli M, Rayner BS, Ziegler DS. Therapeutic Targets in Diffuse Midline Gliomas-An Emerging Landscape. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13246251. [PMID: 34944870 PMCID: PMC8699135 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13246251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) remain one of the most devastating childhood brain tumour types, for which there is currently no known cure. In this review we provide a summary of the existing knowledge of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of this disease, highlighting current analyses and novel treatment propositions. Together, the accumulation of these data will aid in the understanding and development of more effective therapeutic options for the treatment of DMGs. Abstract Diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) are invariably fatal pediatric brain tumours that are inherently resistant to conventional therapy. In recent years our understanding of the underlying molecular mechanisms of DMG tumorigenicity has resulted in the identification of novel targets and the development of a range of potential therapies, with multiple agents now being progressed to clinical translation to test their therapeutic efficacy. Here, we provide an overview of the current therapies aimed at epigenetic and mutational drivers, cellular pathway aberrations and tumor microenvironment mechanisms in DMGs in order to aid therapy development and facilitate a holistic approach to patient treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisha Hayden
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
| | - Holly Holliday
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Rebecca Lehmann
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Aaminah Khan
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
| | - Maria Tsoli
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - Benjamin S. Rayner
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
| | - David S. Ziegler
- Children’s Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Kensington 2052, Australia; (E.H.); (H.H.); (R.L.); (A.K.); (M.T.); (B.S.R.)
- School of Women’s and Children’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Kensington 2052, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children’s Hospital, Randwick 2031, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-2-9382-1730; Fax: +61-2-9382-1789
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Seong JB, Kim B, Kim S, Kim MH, Park YH, Lee Y, Lee HJ, Hong CW, Lee DS. Macrophage peroxiredoxin 5 deficiency promotes lung cancer progression via ROS-dependent M2-like polarization. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 176:322-334. [PMID: 34637923 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Strategies for cancer treatment have traditionally focused on suppressing cancer cell behavior, but many recent studies have demonstrated that regulating the tumor microenvironment (TME) can also inhibit disease progression. Macrophages are major TME components, and the direction of phenotype polarization is known to regulate tumor behavior, with M2-like polarization promoting progression. It is also known that reactive oxygen species (ROS) in macrophages drive M2 polarization, and M2 polarization promote lung cancer progression. Lung cancer patients with lower expression of the antioxidant enzyme peroxiredoxin 5 (Prx5) demonstrate poorer survival. This study revealed that Prx5 deficiency in macrophages induced M2 macrophage polarization by lung cancer. We report that injection of lung cancer cells produced larger tumors in Prx5-deficit mice than wild-type mice independent of cancer cell Prx5 expression. Through co-culture with lung cancer cell lines, Prx5-deficient macrophages exhibited M2 polarization, and reduced expression levels of the M1-associated inflammatory factors iNOS, TNFα, and Il-1β. Moreover, these Prx5-deficient macrophages promoted the proliferation and migration of co-cultured lung cancer cells. Conversely, suppression of ROS generation by N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) inhibited the M2-like polarization of Prx5-deficient macrophages, increased expression levels of inflammatory factors, inhibited the proliferation and migration of co-cultured lung cancer cells, and suppressed tumor growth in mice. These findings suggest that blocking the M2 polarization of macrophages may promote lung cancer regression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Bae Seong
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Soyoon Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Ho Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource & Research Center (FARRC), Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Youngjeon Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Hong Jun Lee
- College of Medicine and Medical Research Institute, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk, Republic of Korea; Research Institute eBiogen Inc., Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Won Hong
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 FOUR KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, South Korea; College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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Song Q, Zheng Y, Wu J, Wang S, Meng L, Yao Q, Li Z, Lian S. PTP4A3 Is a Prognostic Biomarker Correlated With Immune Infiltrates in Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:717688. [PMID: 34630392 PMCID: PMC8495008 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.717688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
PTP4A3 plays an important role in the tumorigenesis and metastasis of multiple tumors, but its prognostic role in renal cancer is not well understood. We utilized the Oncomine and Tumor Immunoassay Resource databases to examine the differential expression of PTP4A3 in tumor tissues and normal tissues in breast, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract and skin. Using the GEPIA and PrognoScan databases, the independent prognostic role of PTP4A3 was confirmed in clear cell renal cell cancer and papillary renal cell cancer. Expression of PTP4A3 were obviously higher in tumor tissue compare with normal tissues (P=0.028). We haven’t found the associations of PTP4A3 and clinicopathological features in our IHC cohort. Ectopic expression of PTP4A3 promotes proliferation, migration and invasion and increased the mRNA level of TGFB1 in RCC cell lines. Immunohistochemical staining indicated that the expression of PTP4A3 associates with CD3+ (P =0.037)/CD8+ (P =0.037) intratumor TILs, not with invasive margins in renal cancer. Comprehensive analysis of immune infiltration in the TIMER database correlated PTP4A3 expression with the infiltration of B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells and neutrophils in both clear cell renal cell carcinoma and papillary renal cell carcinoma. PTP4A3 expression was associated with the infiltration of dendritic cells in papillary renal cell carcinoma. We further confirmed that the infiltration of B cells and CD8+ T cells was associated with poor prognosis in papillary renal cell carcinoma patients, consistent with the prognostic role of PTP4A3 in papillary renal cell carcinoma. PTP4A3 expression correlated genes involved in B cells, monocytes, M1 macrophages, Th2 and Treg cells in papillary renal cell carcinoma. These results suggest PTP4A3 as a prognostic factor with a role in regulating immune cell infiltration in papillary renal cell carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yutian Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Junzhou Wu
- Cancer Research Institute, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Zhejiang Cancer Hospital); Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Yao
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongwu Li
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Shenyi Lian
- Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Pathology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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Credentialing and Pharmacologically Targeting PTP4A3 Phosphatase as a Molecular Target for Ovarian Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11070969. [PMID: 34209460 PMCID: PMC8329922 DOI: 10.3390/biom11070969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High grade serous ovarian cancer (OvCa) frequently becomes drug resistant and often recurs. Consequently, new drug targets and therapies are needed. Bioinformatics-based studies uncovered a relationship between high Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase of Regenerating Liver-3 (PRL3 also known as PTP4A3) expression and poor patient survival in both early and late stage OvCa. PTP4A3 mRNA levels were 5-20 fold higher in drug resistant or high grade serous OvCa cell lines compared to nonmalignant cells. JMS-053 is a potent allosteric small molecule PTP4A3 inhibitor and to explore further the role of PTP4A3 in OvCa, we synthesized and interrogated a series of JMS-053-based analogs in OvCa cell line-based phenotypic assays. While the JMS-053 analogs inhibit in vitro PTP4A3 enzyme activity, none were superior to JMS-053 in reducing high grade serous OvCa cell survival. Because PTP4A3 controls cell migration, we interrogated the effect of JMS-053 on this cancer-relevant process. Both JMS-053 and CRISPR/Cas9 PTP4A3 depletion blocked cell migration. The inhibition caused by JMS-053 required the presence of PTP4A3. JMS-053 caused additive or synergistic in vitro cytotoxicity when combined with paclitaxel and reduced in vivo OvCa dissemination. These results indicate the importance of PTP4A3 in OvCa and support further investigations of the lead inhibitor, JMS-053.
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Stepka P, Vsiansky V, Raudenska M, Gumulec J, Adam V, Masarik M. Metabolic and Amino Acid Alterations of the Tumor Microenvironment. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:1270-1289. [PMID: 32031065 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666200207114658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic changes driven by the hostile tumor microenvironment surrounding cancer cells and the effect of these changes on tumorigenesis and metastatic potential have been known for a long time. The usual point of interest is glucose and changes in its utilization by cancer cells, mainly in the form of the Warburg effect. However, amino acids, both intra- and extracellular, also represent an important aspect of tumour microenvironment, which can have a significant effect on cancer cell metabolism and overall development of the tumor. Namely, alterations in the metabolism of amino acids glutamine, sarcosine, aspartate, methionine and cysteine have been previously connected to the tumor progression and aggressivity of cancer. The aim of this review is to pinpoint current gaps in our knowledge of the role of amino acids as a part of the tumor microenvironment and to show the effect of various amino acids on cancer cell metabolism and metastatic potential. This review shows limitations and exceptions from the traditionally accepted model of Warburg effect in some cancer tissues, with the emphasis on prostate cancer, because the traditional definition of Warburg effect as a metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis does not always apply. Prostatic tissue both in a healthy and transformed state significantly differs in many metabolic aspects, including the metabolisms of glucose and amino acids, from the metabolism of other tissues. Findings from different tissues are, therefore, not always interchangeable and have to be taken into account during experimentation modifying the environment of tumor tissue by amino acid supplementation or depletion, which could potentially serve as a new therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Stepka
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vit Vsiansky
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Raudenska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, CZ-62500 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Technicka 3058/10, CZ-61600 Brno, Czech Republic
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Neophytou CM, Panagi M, Stylianopoulos T, Papageorgis P. The Role of Tumor Microenvironment in Cancer Metastasis: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092053. [PMID: 33922795 PMCID: PMC8122975 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Metastasis, the process by which cancer cells escape primary tumor site and colonize distant organs, is responsible for most cancer-related deaths. The tumor microenvironment (TME), comprises different cell types, including immune cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts, as well as structural elements, such as collagen and hyaluronan that constitute the extracellular matrix (ECM). Intratumoral interactions between the cellular and structural components of the TME regulate the aggressiveness, and dissemination of malignant cells and promote immune evasion. At the secondary site, the TME also facilitates escape from dormancy to enhance metastatic tumor outgrowth. Moreover, the ECM applies mechanical forces on tumors that contribute to hypoxia and cancer cell invasiveness whereas also hinders drug delivery and efficacy in both primary and metastatic sites. In this review, we summarize the latest developments regarding the role of the TME in cancer progression and discuss ongoing efforts to remodel the TME to stop metastasis in its tracks. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) regulates essential tumor survival and promotion functions. Interactions between the cellular and structural components of the TME allow cancer cells to become invasive and disseminate from the primary site to distant locations, through a complex and multistep metastatic cascade. Tumor-associated M2-type macrophages have growth-promoting and immunosuppressive functions; mesenchymal cells mass produce exosomes that increase the migratory ability of cancer cells; cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) reorganize the surrounding matrix creating migration-guiding tracks for cancer cells. In addition, the tumor extracellular matrix (ECM) exerts determinant roles in disease progression and cancer cell migration and regulates therapeutic responses. The hypoxic conditions generated at the primary tumor force cancer cells to genetically and/or epigenetically adapt in order to survive and metastasize. In the circulation, cancer cells encounter platelets, immune cells, and cytokines in the blood microenvironment that facilitate their survival and transit. This review discusses the roles of different cellular and structural tumor components in regulating the metastatic process, targeting approaches using small molecule inhibitors, nanoparticles, manipulated exosomes, and miRNAs to inhibit tumor invasion as well as current and future strategies to remodel the TME and enhance treatment efficacy to block the detrimental process of metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana M. Neophytou
- European University Research Center, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
- Tumor Microenvironment, Metastasis and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
| | - Myrofora Panagi
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus; (M.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Triantafyllos Stylianopoulos
- Cancer Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia 2109, Cyprus; (M.P.); (T.S.)
| | - Panagiotis Papageorgis
- European University Research Center, Nicosia 2404, Cyprus;
- Tumor Microenvironment, Metastasis and Experimental Therapeutics Laboratory, Basic and Translational Cancer Research Center, Department of Life Sciences, European University Cyprus, Nicosia 1516, Cyprus
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +357-22-713158
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Lee SWL, Seager RJ, Litvak F, Spill F, Sieow JL, Leong PH, Kumar D, Tan ASM, Wong SC, Adriani G, Zaman MH, Kamm ARD. Integrated in silico and 3D in vitro model of macrophage migration in response to physical and chemical factors in the tumor microenvironment. Integr Biol (Camb) 2021; 12:90-108. [PMID: 32248236 DOI: 10.1093/intbio/zyaa007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages are abundant in the tumor microenvironment (TME), serving as accomplices to cancer cells for their invasion. Studies have explored the biochemical mechanisms that drive pro-tumor macrophage functions; however the role of TME interstitial flow (IF) is often disregarded. Therefore, we developed a three-dimensional microfluidic-based model with tumor cells and macrophages to study how IF affects macrophage migration and its potential contribution to cancer invasion. The presence of either tumor cells or IF individually increased macrophage migration directedness and speed. Interestingly, there was no additive effect on macrophage migration directedness and speed under the simultaneous presence of tumor cells and IF. Further, we present an in silico model that couples chemokine-mediated signaling with mechanosensing networks to explain our in vitro observations. In our model design, we propose IL-8, CCL2, and β-integrin as key pathways that commonly regulate various Rho GTPases. In agreement, in vitro macrophage migration remained elevated when exposed to a saturating concentration of recombinant IL-8 or CCL2 or to the co-addition of a sub-saturating concentration of both cytokines. Moreover, antibody blockade against IL-8 and/or CCL2 inhibited migration that could be restored by IF, indicating cytokine-independent mechanisms of migration induction. Importantly, we demonstrate the utility of an integrated in silico and 3D in vitro approach to aid the design of tumor-associated macrophage-based immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Wei Ling Lee
- BioSystems and Micromechanics IRG, Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - R J Seager
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Felix Litvak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Fabian Spill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,School of Mathematics, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Je Lin Sieow
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Penny Hweixian Leong
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Dillip Kumar
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Alrina Shin Min Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Siew Cheng Wong
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117597, Singapore.,Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Giulia Adriani
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), Agency for Science, Technology, and Research (A*STAR), Singapore
| | - Muhammad Hamid Zaman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Boston University, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - And Roger D Kamm
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
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Abstract
Neoplastic transformation is reportedly associated with alterations of the potassium transport across plasma and intracellular membranes. These alterations have been identified as crucial elements of the tumourigenic reprogramming of cells. Potassium channels may contribute to cancer initiation, malignant progression and therapy resistance of tumour cells. The book chapter focusses on (oncogenic) potassium channels frequently upregulated in different tumour entities, upstream and downstream signalling of these channels, their contribution to the maintenance of cancer stemness and the formation of an immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment. In addition, their role in adaptation to tumour hypoxia, metabolic reprogramming, as well as tumour spreading and metastasis is discussed. Finally, we discuss how (oncogenic) potassium channels may confer treatment resistance of tumours against radiation and chemotherapy and thus might be harnessed for new therapy strategies, for instance, by repurposing approved drugs known to target potassium channels.
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35
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Singh N, Miner A, Hennis L, Mittal S. Mechanisms of temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma - a comprehensive review. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2021; 4:17-43. [PMID: 34337348 PMCID: PMC8319838 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2020.79] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common primary malignant brain tumor in adults and has an exceedingly low median overall survival of only 15 months. Current standard-of-care for GBM consists of gross total surgical resection followed by radiation with concurrent and adjuvant chemotherapy. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-choice chemotherapeutic agent in GBM; however, the development of resistance to TMZ often becomes the limiting factor in effective treatment. While O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase repair activity and uniquely resistant populations of glioma stem cells are the most well-known contributors to TMZ resistance, many other molecular mechanisms have come to light in recent years. Key emerging mechanisms include the involvement of other DNA repair systems, aberrant signaling pathways, autophagy, epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and extracellular vesicle production. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the clinically relevant molecular mechanisms and their extensive interconnections to better inform efforts to combat TMZ resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Singh
- Division of Neurosurgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.,Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA
| | - Alexandra Miner
- Division of Neurosurgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.,Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA
| | - Lauren Hennis
- Division of Neurosurgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.,Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA
| | - Sandeep Mittal
- Division of Neurosurgery, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.,Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA.,Carilion Clinic - Neurosurgery, Roanoke, VA 24014, USA
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36
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Colony-stimulating factor 3 signaling in colon and rectal cancers: Immune response and CMS classification in TCGA data. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0247233. [PMID: 33606788 PMCID: PMC7895368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0247233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the 2nd leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. The mechanisms underlying CRC development, progression, and resistance to treatment are complex and not fully understood. The immune response in the tumor microenvironment has been shown to play a significant role in many cancers, including colorectal cancer. Colony-stimulating factor 3 (CSF3) has been associated with changes to the immune environment in colorectal cancer animal models. We hypothesized that CSF3 signaling would correlate with pro-tumor tumor microenvironment changes associated with immune infiltrate and response. We utilized publicly available datasets to guide future mechanistic studies of the role CSF3 and its receptor (CSF3R) play in colorectal cancer development and progression. Here, we use bioinformatics data and mRNA from patients with colon (n = 242) or rectal (n = 92) cancers, obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas Firehose Legacy dataset. We examined correlations of CSF3 and CSF3R expression with patient demographics, tumor stage and consensus molecular subtype classification. Gene expression correlations, cell type enrichment, Estimation of STromal and Immune cells in MAlignant Tumor tissues using Expression data scores and Gene Ontology were used to analyze expression of receptor and ligand, tumor microenvironment infiltration of immune cells, and alterations in biological pathways. We found that CSF3 and CSF3R expression is highest in consensus molecular subtype 1 and consensus molecular subtype 4. Ligand and receptor expression are also correlated with changes in T cell and macrophage signatures. CSF3R significantly correlates with a large number of genes that are associated with poor colorectal cancer prognosis.
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Buck E, Lee S, Stone LS, Cerruti M. Protein Adsorption on Surfaces Functionalized with COOH Groups Promotes Anti-inflammatory Macrophage Responses. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:7021-7036. [PMID: 33539069 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c16509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Implants can induce a foreign body reaction that leads to chronic inflammation and fibrosis in the surrounding tissue. Macrophages help detect the foreign material, play a role in the inflammatory response, and may promote fibrosis instead of the desired tissue regeneration around implants. Implant surface properties impact macrophage responses by changing the nature of the adsorbed protein layer, but conflicting studies highlight the complexity of this relationship. In this study, the effect of surface chemistry on macrophage behavior was investigated with poly(styrene) surfaces containing common functional groups at similar surface densities. The protein layer was characterized to identify the proteins that adsorbed on the surfaces from the medium and the proteins secreted onto the surfaces by adherent macrophages. Of the surface chemistries studied, carboxylic acid (COOH) groups promoted anti-inflammatory responses from unstimulated macrophages and did not exacerbate inflammation upon stimulation. These surfaces also enhanced the adsorption of proteins involved in integrin signaling and promoted the secretion of proteins related to angiogenesis, integrin signaling, and cytokine signaling, which have been previously associated with improved biomaterial integration. Therefore, this study suggests that surface modification with COOH groups may help improve the integration of implants in the body by enhancing anti-inflammatory macrophage responses through altered protein adsorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Buck
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
| | - Seunghwan Lee
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
- Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Laura S Stone
- Faculty of Dentistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1G1, Canada
- Alan Edwards Center for Research on Pain, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0G1, Canada
| | - Marta Cerruti
- Department of Mining and Materials Engineering, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 0C5, Canada
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38
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Macrophages produce and functionally respond to interleukin-34 in colon cancer. Cell Death Discov 2020; 6:117. [PMID: 33298879 PMCID: PMC7644720 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-020-00350-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In colorectal cancer (CRC), macrophages represent a major component of the tumor mass and exert mostly functions promoting tumor cell survival, proliferation, and dissemination. Interleukin-34 (IL-34) is a cytokine overproduced by colon cancer (CRC) cells and supposed to make a valid contribution to the growth and diffusion of CRC cells. The biological functions of IL-34 are mediated by the macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor (M-CSFR-1), which controls monocyte/macrophage differentiation, growth, and survival. We here investigated whether, in CRC, tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) express M-CSFR-1 and functionally respond to IL-34. By flow-cytometry analysis of tumor-infiltrating cells (TICs) and lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMCs) isolated from normal, adjacent mucosa of CRC patients, we showed that CD68/HLA-DRII-expressing TICs and LPMCs expressed M-CSFR-1. Both these cell types produced IL-34 even though the expression of the cytokine was more pronounced in TICs as compared to normal LPMCs. Moreover, in CRC samples, there was a positive correlation between IL-34-producing cells and CD68-positive cells. Stimulation of LPMCs and TICs with IL-34 resulted in enhanced expression of CD163 and CD206, two markers of type II-polarized macrophages, and this was evident at both RNA and protein level. In the same cell cultures, IL-34 stimulated expression and production of IL-6, a cytokine known to promote CRC cell growth and diffusion. Finally, knockdown of IL-34 in TICs with specific antisense oligonucleotides with: a specific antisesne oligonucleotide decreased IL-6 production and the number of TAMs producing this cytokine. This is the first to show a positive role of IL-34 in the control of TAMs in CRC, further supporting the notion that IL-34 sustains colon tumorigenesis.
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39
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Li Q, Wang Y, Xu L, Wang L, Guo Y, Guo C. High level of CD10 expression is associated with poor overall survival in patients with head and neck cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2020; 50:857-864. [PMID: 33131987 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2020.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
CD10 is a common zinc-dependent metalloid protease that is expressed in numerous tissues, including malignant cells. Genomic alterations of CD10 are frequently observed in haematopoietic and non-haematopoietic tumours. In the present study, we analysed the CD10 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and its association with tumour prognosis using bioinformatic analysis and explored the potential of a CD10-driven signalling pathway in a tumour-immune microenvironment. Briefly, data mining analysis showed strengthened CD10 expression in HNSCC patients. High CD10 expression was associated with unfavourable overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). In addition, the correlation between CD10 expression and interleukin (IL)-6/IL-8-mediated M1 macrophage activity could potentially explain the poor prognosis of HNSCC. Among 692 genes co-expressed with CD10 in HNSCC, Rap1 signalling pathway, regulation of actin cytoskeleton, protein digestion and absorption, proteoglycans in cancer, PI3K-Akt signalling pathway, focal adhesion and extracellular matrix-receptor interaction were the candidate signalling pathways driven by the CD10 gene. Further investigation of immune-associated signalling pathways regulated by CD10 may be beneficial to improve the prognosis of HNSCC patients by immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Y Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - L Xu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - L Wang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
| | - Y Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China.
| | - C Guo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing 100081, PR China
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Deng Q, Wang C, Yu K, Wang Y, Yang Q, Zhang J, Xu X. Streptococcus bovis Contributes to the Development of Colorectal Cancer via Recruiting CD11b⁺TLR-4⁺ Cells. Med Sci Monit 2020; 26:e921886. [PMID: 32737964 PMCID: PMC7418781 DOI: 10.12659/msm.921886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of studies have demonstrated that Streptococcus bovis and its concomitant inflammatory factors concentrate in the intestine in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanism of S. bovis on colorectal tumorigenesis remains unclear. This study aimed to explore the role of S. bovis in carcinogenesis and its potential mechanism in CRC of mice orally pretreated with S. bovis. Material/Methods The colons of experimental mice were collected and evaluated for the extent of neoplasm. In addition, comparative feces DNA sequencing was adopted to verify the abundance change of S. bovis during the progression of CRC in patients. Results The results of this study found that S. bovis is more likely to be present at higher levels in patients with progressive colorectal carcinoma compared to those adenoma patients and healthy volunteers (P<0.05). Pretreatment with S. bovis aggravated tumor formation in mice, resulting in more substantial and a higher number of tumor nodes (P<0.05). A cytokine expression pattern with increased levels of IL-6, Scyb1, Ptgs2, IL-1β, TNF, and Ccl2 was detected in S. bovis pretreated CRC mice (all P<0.05). Furthermore, S. bovis recruited myeloid cells, especially CD11b+TLR-4+ cells, which could promote pro-tumor immunity in the tumor microenvironment (P<0.05). Conclusions Collectively, our study indicates that S. bovis may induce a suppressive immunity that is conducive to CRC by recruiting tumor-infiltrating CD11b+TLR-4+ cells. In conclusion, S. bovis contributes to colorectal tumorigenesis via recruiting CD11b+TLR-4+ cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Changjian Wang
- Department of Anorectum, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Kailin Yu
- Department of Ultrasonography, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yahui Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Qinyan Yang
- Department of Anorectum, The Third People's Hospital of Hangzhou, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, The First People's Hospital of Yuhang District, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China (mainland)
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Hypoxic colorectal cancer cells promote metastasis of normoxic cancer cells depending on IL-8/p65 signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:610. [PMID: 32737283 PMCID: PMC7395770 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02797-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Tumor heterogeneity is an important feature of malignant tumors, and cell subpopulations may positively interact to facilitate tumor progression. Studies have shown that hypoxic cancer cells possess enhanced metastatic capacity. However, it is still unclear whether hypoxic cancer cells may promote the metastasis of normoxic cells, which have greater access to the blood circulation. When cocultured with hypoxic CRC cells or treated with hypoxic CRC cell-derived CM, normoxic CRC cells possessed increased metastatic capacity. Furthermore, hypoxic CRC cell-derived CM was enriched in interleukin 8. Hypoxic CRC cell-derived CM and recombinant human IL-8 both enhanced the metastatic capacity of normoxic cells by increasing the phosphorylation of p65 and then by inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Knockdown of IL-8 in hypoxic CRC cells or the use of an anti-IL-8 antibody attenuated the CM- or rhIL-8-induced prometastatic capacity of normoxic CRC cells. Inhibition or knockdown of p65 abrogated IL-8-induced prometastatic effects. Most importantly, hypoxia-treated xenograft tumors enhanced the metastasis of normoxic CRC cells. Hypoxic CRC cell-derived IL-8 promotes the metastatic capacity of normoxic cells, and novel therapies targeting the positive interactions between hypoxic and normoxic cells should be developed.
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Najdaghi S, Razi S, Rezaei N. An overview of the role of interleukin-8 in colorectal cancer. Cytokine 2020; 135:155205. [PMID: 32721849 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2020.155205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal Cancer (CRC), a common malignancy, is developing globally among people. Mutagenic insults activate peripheral nucleated cells to secrete chemokines in order to cause an inflammatory state. Despite the presence of multi-retrieving factors, elevated production of minor cytokines may speed-up the sever stages of the baseline inflammation targeting normal compensatory mechanism. IL-8 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that is believed to be up-regulated in CRC to proceed primary condition into tumor behavior via induction of proliferation, angiogenesis and metastasis. Here, we assess the role of IL-8 in every step of CRC from signaling pathway and formation to invasion and discuss around new perspective therapy that targets IL-8 to manage CRC worldwide incidence and survival rate, more precisely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soroush Najdaghi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sepideh Razi
- Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Rezaei
- Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sheffield, UK.
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43
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Ungaro F, D’Alessio S, Danese S. The Role of Pro-Resolving Lipid Mediators in Colorectal Cancer-Associated Inflammation: Implications for Therapeutic Strategies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082060. [PMID: 32722560 PMCID: PMC7463689 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a recognized hallmark of cancer that contributes to the development and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). Anti-inflammatory drugs currently used for the treatment of CRC show many adverse side effects that prompted researchers to propose the polyunsaturated fatty acids-derived specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) as promoters of resolution of cancer-associated inflammation. SPMs were found to inhibit the CRC-associated pro-inflammatory milieu via specific G-coupled protein receptors, although clinical data are still lacking. This review aims to summarize the state-of-the-art in this field, ultimately providing insights for the development of innovative anti-CRC therapies that promote the endogenous lipid-mediated resolution of CRC-associated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Ungaro
- IBD Center, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (S.D.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Silvia D’Alessio
- IBD Center, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (S.D.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
| | - Silvio Danese
- IBD Center, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Immunopathology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy; (S.D.); (S.D.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Rozzano, 20089 Milan, Italy
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44
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Raguraman R, Parameswaran S, Kanwar JR, Vasudevan M, Chitipothu S, Kanwar RK, Krishnakumar S. Gene expression profiling of tumor stroma interactions in retinoblastoma. Exp Eye Res 2020; 197:108067. [PMID: 32585195 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2020.108067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
We aimed to identify the critical molecular pathways altered upon tumor stroma interactions in retinoblastoma (RB). In vitro 2 D cocultures of RB tumor cells (Weri-Rb-1 and NCC-RbC-51) with primary bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) was established. Global gene expression patterns in coculture samples were assessed using Affymetrix Prime view human gene chip microarray and followed with bioinformatics analyses. Key upregulated genes from Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC and NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture were validated using qRT-PCR to ascertain their role in RB progression. Whole genome microarray experiments identified significant (P ≤ 0.05, 1.1 log 2 FC) transcriptome level changes induced upon coculture of RB cells with BMSC. A total of 1155 genes were downregulated and 1083 upregulated in Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC coculture. Similarly, 1865 genes showed downregulation and 1644 genes were upregulation in NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture. The upregulated genes were significantly associated with pathways of focal adhesion, PI3K-Akt signalling, ECM-receptor interaction, JAK-STAT, TGF-β signalling thus contributing to RB progression. Validation of key genes by qRT-PCR revealed significant overexpression of IL8, IL6, MYC and SMAD3 in the case of Weri-Rb-1 + BMSC coculture and IL6 in the case of NCC-RbC-51 + BMSC coculture. The microarray expression study on in vitro RB coculture models revealed the pathways that could be involved in the progression of RB. The gene signature obtained in a stimulated model when a growing tumor interacts with its microenvironment may provide new horizons for potential targeted therapy in RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeswari Raguraman
- Larsen & Toubro Department of Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | - Sowmya Parameswaran
- Radheshyam Kanoi Stem Cell Laboratory, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jagat Rakesh Kanwar
- School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Srujana Chitipothu
- Central Research Instrumentation Facility, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rupinder Kaur Kanwar
- School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Larsen & Toubro Department of Ocular Pathology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, 600006, Tamil Nadu, India; School of Medicine, Institute for Innovation in Mental and Physical Health and Clinical Translation (IMPACT), Deakin University, Geelong, 3216, VIC, Australia.
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45
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Tumor microenvironment and epithelial mesenchymal transition as targets to overcome tumor multidrug resistance. Drug Resist Updat 2020; 53:100715. [PMID: 32679188 DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2020.100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
It is well established that multifactorial drug resistance hinders successful cancer treatment. Tumor cell interactions with the tumor microenvironment (TME) are crucial in epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and multidrug resistance (MDR). TME-induced factors secreted by cancer cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) create an inflammatory microenvironment by recruiting immune cells. CD11b+/Gr-1+ myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and inflammatory tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are main immune cell types which further enhance chronic inflammation. Chronic inflammation nurtures tumor-initiating/cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), induces both EMT and MDR leading to tumor relapses. Pro-thrombotic microenvironment created by inflammatory cytokines and chemokines from TAMs, MDSCs and CAFs is also involved in EMT and MDR. MDSCs are the most common mediators of immunosuppression and are also involved in resistance to targeted therapies, e.g. BRAF inhibitors and oncolytic viruses-based therapies. Expansion of both cancer and stroma cells causes hypoxia by hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (e.g. HIF-1α) resulting in drug resistance. TME factors induce the expression of transcriptional EMT factors, MDR and metabolic adaptation of cancer cells. Promoters of several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter genes contain binding sites for canonical EMT transcription factors, e.g. ZEB, TWIST and SNAIL. Changes in glycolysis, oxidative phosphorylation and autophagy during EMT also promote MDR. Conclusively, EMT signaling simultaneously increases MDR. Owing to the multifactorial nature of MDR, targeting one mechanism seems to be non-sufficient to overcome resistance. Targeting inflammatory processes by immune modulatory compounds such as mTOR inhibitors, demethylating agents, low-dosed histone deacetylase inhibitors may decrease MDR. Targeting EMT and metabolic adaptation by small molecular inhibitors might also reverse MDR. In this review, we summarize evidence for TME components as causative factors of EMT and anticancer drug resistance.
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46
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James NE, Emerson JB, Borgstadt AD, Beffa L, Oliver MT, Hovanesian V, Urh A, Singh RK, Rowswell-Turner R, DiSilvestro PA, Ou J, Moore RG, Ribeiro JR. The biomarker HE4 (WFDC2) promotes a pro-angiogenic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment via regulation of STAT3 target genes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:8558. [PMID: 32444701 PMCID: PMC7244765 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65353-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is a highly lethal gynecologic malignancy arising from the fallopian tubes that has a high rate of chemoresistant recurrence and low five-year survival rate. The ovarian cancer biomarker HE4 is known to promote proliferation, metastasis, chemoresistance, and suppression of cytotoxic lymphocytes. In this study, we sought to examine the effects of HE4 on signaling within diverse cell types that compose the tumor microenvironment. HE4 was found to activate STAT3 signaling and promote upregulation of the pro-angiogenic STAT3 target genes IL8 and HIF1A in immune cells, ovarian cancer cells, and endothelial cells. Moreover, HE4 promoted increases in tube formation in an in vitro model of angiogenesis, which was also dependent upon STAT3 signaling. Clinically, HE4 and IL8 levels positively correlated in ovarian cancer patient tissue. Furthermore, HE4 serum levels correlated with microvascular density in EOC tissue and inversely correlated with cytotoxic T cell infiltration, suggesting that HE4 may cause deregulated blood vessel formation and suppress proper T cell trafficking in tumors. Collectively, this study shows for the first time that HE4 has the ability to affect signaling events and gene expression in multiple cell types of the tumor microenvironment, which could contribute to angiogenesis and altered immunogenic responses in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E James
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Jenna B Emerson
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ashley D Borgstadt
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Lindsey Beffa
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Matthew T Oliver
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Virginia Hovanesian
- Rhode Island Hospital, Digital Imaging and Analysis Core Facility, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anze Urh
- Northwell Health Physician Partners Gynecologic Oncology, Brightwaters, NY, USA
| | - Rakesh K Singh
- University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA
| | | | - Paul A DiSilvestro
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA.,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Joyce Ou
- Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.,Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Pathology, Providence, RI, USA
| | | | - Jennifer R Ribeiro
- Women and Infants Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Program in Women's Oncology, Providence, RI, USA. .,Warren-Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.
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47
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Lin F, Yin HB, Li XY, Zhu GM, He WY, Gou X. Bladder cancer cell‑secreted exosomal miR‑21 activates the PI3K/AKT pathway in macrophages to promote cancer progression. Int J Oncol 2019; 56:151-164. [PMID: 31814034 PMCID: PMC6910194 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2019.4933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumour-associated macrophages (TAMs) compose a major component of the tumour microenvironment and form in this microenvironment prior to cancer metastasis. However, the detailed mechanisms of TAM remodelling in the context of bladder cancer have not been clearly defined. The present study collected exosomes from the conditioned medium of human bladder T24 cancer cells. The effects of macrophages treated with exosomes derived from T24 cells on bladder cancer cell migration and invasion were analysed by Transwell assays. The expression levels of endogenous and exosomal microRNA-21 (miR-21) were examined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, while the expression level of the target protein was analysed by western blot analysis. Luciferase reporter plasmids and mutants were used to confirm direct targeting. The effects of miR-21 on bladder cancer cell migration and invasion were analysed by Transwell and Matrigel assays following miR-21 transfection. It was identified that exosomes derived from bladder cancer cells polarized THP-1 cell-derived macrophages into the M2 phenotype, and TAM-mediated pro-migratory and pro-invasive activity was determined. Moreover, it was found that miR-21 was highly expressed in exosomes derived from bladder cancer cells as well as in macrophages treated with exosomes. In addition, macrophages transfected with miR-21 exhibited M2 polarization and promoted T24 cell migratory and invasive ability. Mechanistically, exosomal miR-21 derived from bladder cancer cells inhibited phosphatase and tensin homolog activation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway in macrophages and enhanced STAT3 expression to promote M2 phenotypic polarization. The present results suggest that exosomal miR-21 can promote cancer progression by polarizing TAMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Hu-Bin Yin
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Yuan Li
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Gong-Min Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Yang He
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
| | - Xin Gou
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P.R. China
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48
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Mohan V, Das A, Sagi I. Emerging roles of ECM remodeling processes in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2019; 62:192-200. [PMID: 31518697 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 174] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central and dynamic role in the creation of tumor microenvironment. Herein we discuss the emerging biophysical and biochemical aspects of ECM buildup and proteolysis in cancer niche formation. Dysregulated ECM remodeling by cancer cells facilitate irreversible proteolysis and crosslinking, which in turn influence cell signaling, micro environmental cues, angiogenesis and tissue biomechanics. Further, we introduce the emerging roles of cancer microbiome in aberrant tumor ECM remodeling and membrane bound nano-sized vesicles called exosomes in creation of distant pre-metastatic niches. A detailed molecular and biophysical understanding of the ECM morphologies and its components such as key enzymes, structural and signaling molecules are critical in identifying the next generation of therapeutic and diagnostic targets in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Mohan
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Alakesh Das
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Irit Sagi
- Department of Biological Regulation, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
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49
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Liang H, Chen G, Li J, Yang F. Snail expression contributes to temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma. Am J Transl Res 2019; 11:4277-4289. [PMID: 31396334 PMCID: PMC6684932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of most malignancy tumors worldwide. Temozolomide (TMZ) is an important chemotherapy drug in GBM therapy. However, acquired TMZ-resistance frequently happens in GBM therapy and leads to high percentage of GBM recurrence. In our study, we demonstrated that Snail is upregulated in recurrent GBM tumors, and promotes the GBM cells resistant to TMZ induced apoptosis. Enhanced expression of Snail compromises the apoptosis induced by TMZ, and increases the cell migration and invasion. Reversely, depletion of Snail by siRNA has the opposite effects. In addition, we confirmed that the expression of Snail is modulated by STAT3 activation, since phospho-STAT3 level is relatively higher in recurrent GBM tumors and TMZ resistant cells. Knockdown of STAT3 turns down the expression of Snail in protein and mRNA level, and thereby sensitized the resistant GBM cells to TMZ treatment. Interestingly, the activation of STAT3 in GBM resistant cells is modulated by IL-6 secretion. Suppression of IL-6 abandons the STAT3 activation, and reduces its binding with Snail promoter. Inhibition of IL-6 by its antibody enhanced the killing effects of TMZ both in vivo and in vitro. Overall, our results provided a rational to overcome the TMZ resistant in GBM treatment by targeting IL-6-STAT3-Snail pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaxin Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Guangyong Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033, Jilin, China
| | - Jiayan Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Zhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhai 519000, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuwei Yang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun 130033, Jilin, China
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50
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Wang H, Hu WM, Xia ZJ, Liang Y, Lu Y, Lin SX, Tang H. High numbers of CD163+ tumor-associated macrophages correlate with poor prognosis in multiple myeloma patients receiving bortezomib-based regimens. J Cancer 2019; 10:3239-3245. [PMID: 31289595 PMCID: PMC6603386 DOI: 10.7150/jca.30102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The prognostic significance of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) in multiple myeloma (MM) in the era of novel drugs remains unclear. CD163 expression was detected by immunohistochemistry to determine the number of TAMs in 198 MM patients receiving bortezomib-based regimens and the data were used to evaluate its relevance with clinical characteristics, treatment response, and prognosis. Patients with high levels of infiltrated CD163+ TAMs (>55/HPF) at diagnosis tended to have more adverse clinical characteristics. Patients with high CD163+ TAM content (>55/HPF) at diagnosis had worse progression-free survival (PFS) (P<0.001) and overall survival (OS) (P<0.001),and achieved lower complete remission (CR)/near-CR rate (P<0.001), than patients with low CD163+ TAM levels. Multivariate analysis revealed that CD163+ TAM content was an independent adverse prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Our data indicated that CD163+ TAM content at diagnosis is a powerful predictor of prognosis for MM in the era of novel drugs, and this discovery offers new insight into potential therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Wang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Wan-Ming Hu
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Zhong-Jun Xia
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yang Liang
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Yue Lu
- Department of Hematological Oncology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Shu-Xia Lin
- Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center;State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Hailin Tang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
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