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Kawai T, Kagami-Katsuyama H, Satoh K, Futami T, Kimoto-Nira H, Nishihira J, Tanaka K, Matsumoto T, Shimazaki H, Yagi S, Sase K, Tanigawa K, Maeda-Yamamoto M. The Effect of Nutrients on Subjective Accomplishment at Work: Results from a Health Survey and a Single-Arm Dietary Intervention Study. Nutrients 2024; 16:1410. [PMID: 38794648 PMCID: PMC11124383 DOI: 10.3390/nu16101410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In Japan, many workers are exposed to chronic stress, sleep deprivation, and nutritional imbalance. They tend still to go to work when ill, leading to decreased work performance and productivity, which has become a major social problem. We conducted a human entry study with the aim of finding a link between these two factors and proposing an optimized diet, believing that a review of diet may lead to an improvement in labor productivity. In this study, we used subjective accomplishment (SA) as a measure of productivity. First, we compared nutrient intake between groups with high and low SA using data from a health survey of 1564 healthy male and female adults. Significant differences were found in the intake of 13 nutrients in males and 15 nutrients in females, including potassium, vitamin A, insoluble fiber, and biotin. Recommended daily intake of these nutrients was determined from survey data. Next, we designed test meals containing sufficient amounts of 17 nutrients and conducted a single-arm intervention study (registration code UMIN000047054) in Kameyama City, Mie Prefecture, Japan. Healthy working adults (males and females aged 20-79 years) were recruited and supplied with test meals, which were eaten once a day 5 days a week for 8 weeks. SA was significantly higher and daytime sleepiness (DS) was significantly lower after lunch on workdays in younger participants (under 60 years) when they ate the test meals as breakfast or lunch. Our results suggest that SA and DS, which change daily, are strongly influenced by the meal eaten before work, and that taking the 17 nutrients may help prevent presenteeism and improve labor productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayuki Kawai
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Kagami-Katsuyama
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | - Koji Satoh
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | - Takashi Futami
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Hiromi Kimoto-Nira
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
| | - Jun Nishihira
- Department of Medical Management and Informatics, Hokkaido Information University, Ebetsu 069-8585, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Kohei Sase
- Department of Health and Welfare, Kameyama City Office, Kameyama 519-0164, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanigawa
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kameyama Municipal Medical Center, Kameyama 519-0163, Japan
| | - Mari Maeda-Yamamoto
- Institute of Food Research, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan
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Mustakallio M, Iisakkala V, Impola M, Nurmi C, Puustinen J, Kunvik S. Effect of nutritional guidance on employee work ability, work well-being and quality of life (RAVI trial): Study protocol for a randomized controlled trial. Contemp Clin Trials 2024; 140:107517. [PMID: 38552869 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2024.107517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The minority of working-age Finns eat according to the national and Nordic nutritional guidelines and increasing numbers of health problems affect the Finnish workforce. Coincidently recruiting new workers in the more rural areas of Finland, such as Satakunta, has been problematic. To optimize the use of the existing workforce, health promotion interventions focusing on nutrition have been suggested to improve the health and well-being of the current working age Finns. METHODS AND ANALYSIS The aim of this RCT study is to assess the effectiveness of a 12-month multifactorial nutritional guidance intervention to improve work ability (performance), work well-being, health-related quality of life, work productivity, sickness absence, dietary intake and eating habits. In total, six small or medium-sized companies and their employees (n = 170) from the Satakunta region will be recruited. Companies will be randomized 1:1 to a 12-month multifactorial nutritional guidance intervention group (INT) or a control group (CG). Comprehensive measurements are taken before randomization (baseline) and at the end of the 12-month study period. Primary outcomes (work ability, work well-being and health-related quality of life) are measured with Work Ability Index, Utrecht Work Engagement Scale short questionnaire and EQ-5D. Dietary intake and eating habits are measured with 3-day food records and Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). DISCUSSION This study will provide nationally important data on how workplace nutrition guidance affects work-related outcomes, quality of life, and nutritional and overall health status among working age Finns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meri Mustakallio
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Veera Iisakkala
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Mika Impola
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Cimmo Nurmi
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
| | - Juha Puustinen
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland; Satakunta Welfare Region, Satasairaala, Unit of Neurology, Pori, Finland.
| | - Susanna Kunvik
- Satakunta University of Applied Sciences, Satakunnankatu 23, Pori 28130, Finland.
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Safi A, Deb S, Kelly A, Cole M, Walker N, Zariwala MG. Incentivised physical activity intervention promoting daily steps among university employees in the workplace through a team-based competition. Front Public Health 2024; 11:1121936. [PMID: 38328536 PMCID: PMC10848798 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1121936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The benefits of walking on health and well-being is well established and regarded as the most accessible form of physical activity (PA) that most individuals can incorporate into their lives. Despite the benefits, the impact of a competitive walking intervention combined with a prize incentive in the workplace is yet to be established. The aim of this intervention was to promote PA among university employees through teams-based competition with a prize incentive targeted towards the recommended 10,000 steps per day. Methods A total of 49 employees participated and formed eight departmental teams ranging from Senior Admin management, Educational & Social work, Nursing & Midwifery, Sport & Exercise, Health Sciences, Admin Assistant, Library, and IT to compete in a walking intervention. Each team was handed an ActiGraph wGT3X-BT from Monday to Friday to record their walking steps. Steps. Post intervention participants completed an open-ended survey to provide their views about the intervention. Results The ActiGraph findings determined that steps increased by 4,799 per day from daily baseline of 5,959 to 10,758 throughout this intervention. The themes from qualitative data showed that the prize incentive and competitive nature of this intervention has motivated staff to walk more, changed their behaviour, enjoyed the team-based competition, and improved perceived productivity in the workplace. Discussion and conclusion This intervention increased employees' daily steps by 4,799 and met the 10,000 steps guideline. The 'Health Sciences' team recorded the highest steps 531,342 followed by the 'Education and Social Work' accumulating 498,045 steps throughout this intervention. This intervention with prize incentive demonstrated a positive impact on employees personal and work-based outcomes as well as contributed to the workplace PA, health, and wellbeing literature, and more specifically, to the scarce research focused on university settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayazullah Safi
- Department of Public Health, Centre for Life and Sport Science (C-LaSS) at Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sanjoy Deb
- Cambridge Centre of Sport and Exercise Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Kelly
- Sport and Exercise Science, Centre for Life and Sport Science (C-LaSS) at Birmingham City University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Matthew Cole
- Hartpury University, Gloucestershire, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Walker
- School of Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Mohammed Gulrez Zariwala
- Centre for Nutraceuticals, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, London, United Kingdom
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Schmitz H, Bauer JF, Niehaus M. Working Anytime and Anywhere -Even When Feeling Ill? A Cross-sectional Study on Presenteeism in Remote Work. Saf Health Work 2023; 14:375-383. [PMID: 38187205 PMCID: PMC10770276 DOI: 10.1016/j.shaw.2023.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Working despite feeling ill - presenteeism - is a widespread behavioral phenomenon. Previous research has shown that presenteeism is influenced by various work-related and personal factors. It's an illness behavior leading to a range of negative but also positive consequences. Due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, remote work has become the "new normal" for many employees. But so far, little is known about presenteeism in remote work. This study aims to investigate presenteeism in remote work by looking at the extent of remote presenteeism, differences to presenteeism in on-site work, and associated factors. Methods A nationwide cross-sectional online survey was conducted in Germany with N = 233 participants. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, and correlation analysis. Results The results reveal that presenteeism is prevalent in remote work x̅ = 4.13 days (Md = 3; D = 2; s = 4.95). A low ability to detach from work (r = -.17; p = .005) and low supervisor support (r = -.14; p = .02) is associated with more remote presenteeism days. Remote working conditions seem to facilitate presenteeism. Conclusion This study provides empirical insights into a subject area of great societal relevance. The results show that awareness should be raised for presenteeism in remote work. It should be regarded as a behavior that can be functional or dysfunctional, depending on the individual situation. Supervisor support and detachment should be fostered to help reduce dysfunctional presenteeism. Promotion of health literacy might help remote workers to decide on a health-oriented illness behavior. Further research is vital to analyze to what extent and under which circumstances presenteeism in remote work is (dys)functional and to derive clear recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrike Schmitz
- Research Group of Labor and Vocational Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Special Education, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Jana F. Bauer
- Research Group of Labor and Vocational Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Special Education, University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Mathilde Niehaus
- Research Group of Labor and Vocational Rehabilitation, Department of Rehabilitation and Special Education, University of Cologne, Germany
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van der Put AC, Mandemakers JJ, de Wit JB, van der Lippe T. Worksite Health Promotion and Work Performance: Both Awareness and Use Matter. J Occup Environ Med 2023; 65:949-957. [PMID: 37595105 PMCID: PMC10662622 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This work aimed to study whether being aware of the existence of worksite health promotion (WHP), using it, or both are related to employees' task and contextual performance. METHODS Multilevel cross-sectional data came from the European Sustainable Workforce Survey, with data from more than 11,000 employees in 259 organizations. Generalized structural equation modeling was used to examine two types of WHP: healthy menus and sports facilities. RESULTS Awareness of healthy menus and sports facilities was positively associated with task and contextual performance. Healthy menus use was related to both higher task and contextual performance, whereas sports facilities use was only associated with contextual performance. The relation of WHP use was stronger for contextual than for task performance. CONCLUSIONS Organizations should ensure that employees are aware of the availability of WHP as well as stimulate employees to make use of it.
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Atará-Piraquive ÁP, Forero-Suárez LL, Cárdenas-Martinez JF, Cantor-Cutiva LC. Effect of an online Workplace Vocal Health and Low Stress Levels Promotion Program implemented in a Colombian university during COVID-19 pandemic. Codas 2023; 35:e20220052. [PMID: 37672412 PMCID: PMC10547140 DOI: 10.1590/2317-1782/20232022052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effect of an online Workplace Vocal Health and Low Stress Levels (WVHLS) Promotion Program implemented in a Colombian university during COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS This research was a quasi-experimental study. Twenty-nine professors participated in this study within two groups: (1) intervention group (n=17) or (2) non-intervention group (n=12). Participants in the intervention group took part in four virtual sessions about how to improve vocal health and strategies to reduce stress levels during their homeworking and online classes. Teachers filled in a questionnaire including questions about working conditions, work-related stress, and the voice functioning (including the Vocal Fatigue Index-VFI). They also recorded a voice sample of a sustained vowel on two separate occasions (before and after the follow-up). RESULTS At the end of the follow-up, there was a tendency to reduce Factor 1 of VFI in the intervention group. Although, all participants had a longer MPT at the end of the study compared with the baseline measures, males in the intervention group had longer MPT compared with other participants. CONCLUSION Our results suggest a positive effect of a WVHLS promotion program on reducing vocal fatigue perception measured by means of the Vocal Fatigue Index and improving coordination and control of breathing speech measured MPT. These changes at the end of the follow-up may indicate that holistic programs that include voice care recommendations, breathing exercises, vocal warm-up, cold-down and laryngeal relaxation vocal exercises, and stress management may be beneficial for reducing work-related stress and voice symptoms among professors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Leidy Lorena Forero-Suárez
- Departamento de Salud de Colectivos, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá, Colombia.
| | | | - Lady Catherine Cantor-Cutiva
- Departamento de Salud de Colectivos, Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad Nacional de Colombia - Bogotá, Colombia.
- Communicative Sciences and Disorders Department, Michigan State University - East Lansing (MI), United States of America.
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Pförtner TK, Demirer I. To what extent do job insecurity, income satisfaction, and self-rated health mediate the association between low income and presenteeism in Germany? A gendered analysis. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2023; 96:999-1008. [PMID: 37222824 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-023-01982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Low income is considered a possible determinant of presenteeism, explained by poor working and living conditions, increased levels of uncertainties and anxiety, and poor health status. We aimed to examine the association between low income and presenteeism by gender and to explain their association using different mediators. METHODS A total of 14,299 employees aged 18-65 from the 6th BIBB/BAuA Employment Survey 2012 were used, and mediation analyses with inverse odds weighting stratified by gender were conducted. RESULTS Low income was significantly associated with presenteeism for men at a significant level of α < .05 (β: 0.376; 95%-CI 0.148-0.604) and for women at a significant level of α < .10 (β: 0.120; 95%-CI - 0.015-0.255). The total effect (TE) was fully and significantly mediated for women when all mediator-weights were considered, whereas for men the consideration of single mediator-weights led to a full and significant mediation of the association between low income and presenteeism. Self-rated health status and income satisfaction contributed the most to the differences in presenteeism by low income with a proportion mediated of 96.3% (men) and 169.2% (women) for self-rated health and 101.6% (men) and 162.5% (women) for income satisfaction. DISCUSSION The results indicated a strong association between low income and presenteeism, in particular for men. Self-rated health and income satisfaction were the most important mediators of this association. The results underline not only the relevance of occupational health management and preventive measures, but also the need of a public debate about employment traditions, possibly resulting in role conflicts among men, and wage equality to prevent presenteeism of low-income earners.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo-Kolja Pförtner
- Department of Research Methods, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Cologne, Frangenheimstr. 4, 50931, Cologne, Germany.
| | - Ibrahim Demirer
- Institute of Medical Sociology, Health Services Research, and Rehabilitation Science, Chair of Medical Sociology, Medical Faculty and Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Cologne, Eupener Str. 129, 50933, Cologne, Germany
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Aegerter AM, Deforth M, Volken T, Johnston V, Luomajoki H, Dressel H, Dratva J, Ernst MJ, Distler O, Brunner B, Sjøgaard G, Melloh M, Elfering A. A Multi-component Intervention (NEXpro) Reduces Neck Pain-Related Work Productivity Loss: A Randomized Controlled Trial Among Swiss Office Workers. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2023; 33:288-300. [PMID: 36167936 PMCID: PMC9514678 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-022-10069-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Neck pain is common among office workers and leads to work productivity loss. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a multi-component intervention on neck pain-related work productivity loss among Swiss office workers. Methods Office workers, aged 18-65 years, and without serious neck-related health problems were recruited from two organisations for our stepped-wedge cluster randomized controlled trial. The 12-week multi-component intervention included neck exercises, health-promotion information, and workplace ergonomics. The primary outcome of neck pain-related work productivity loss was measured using the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire and expressed as percentages of working time. In addition, we reported the weekly monetary value of neck pain-related work productivity loss. Data was analysed on an intention-to-treat basis using a generalized linear mixed-effects model. Results Data from 120 participants were analysed with 517 observations. At baseline, the mean age was 43.7 years (SD 9.8 years), 71.7% of participants were female (N = 86), about 80% (N = 95) reported mild to moderate neck pain, and neck pain-related work productivity loss was 12% of working time (absenteeism: 1.2%, presenteeism: 10.8%). We found an effect of our multi-component intervention on neck pain-related work productivity loss, with a marginal predicted mean reduction of 2.8 percentage points (b = -0.27; 95% CI: -0.54 to -0.001, p = 0.049). Weekly saved costs were Swiss Francs 27.40 per participant. Conclusions: Our study provides evidence for the effectiveness of a multi-component intervention to reduce neck pain-related work productivity loss with implications for employers, employees, and policy makers.Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04169646. Registered 15 November 2019-Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04169646 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Martina Aegerter
- Institute of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Manja Deforth
- Institute of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Department of Biostatistics, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Volken
- Institute of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Venerina Johnston
- School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD Australia
| | - Hannu Luomajoki
- Institute of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Holger Dressel
- Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Julia Dratva
- Institute of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus Josef Ernst
- Institute of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
- Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain, School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Oliver Distler
- Department of Rheumatology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beatrice Brunner
- Winterthur Institute of Health Economics, School of Management and Law, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Gisela Sjøgaard
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Markus Melloh
- Institute of Public Health, School of Health Sciences, ZHAW Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Katharina Sulzer-Platz 9, 8400 Winterthur, Switzerland
- Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington – Te Herenga Waka, Wellington, New Zealand
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley, WA Australia
- School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA Australia
| | - Achim Elfering
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Marin-Farrona M, Wipfli B, Thosar SS, Colino E, Garcia-Unanue J, Gallardo L, Felipe JL, López-Fernández J. Effectiveness of worksite wellness programs based on physical activity to improve workers' health and productivity: a systematic review. Syst Rev 2023; 12:87. [PMID: 37226273 PMCID: PMC10207792 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02258-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although the scientific literature has previously described the impact of worksite programs based on physical activity (WPPAs) on employees' productivity and health in different contexts, the effect of these programs has not been analyzed based on the characteristics or modalities of physical activity (PA) performed (e.g., aerobic exercise, strength training, flexibility). In addition, studies on WPPAs usually report health and productivity outcomes separately, not integrated into a single study. Knowing the health and economic-related impacts of a WPPAs could provide useful information for stakeholders and policy development. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review was as follows: (1) to analyze the effect of different modalities of WPPAs on employees' productivity and health and (2) to investigate the economic impact of WPPAs. METHODS This systematic review is registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021230626) and complies with PRISMA guidelines. Only randomized controlled trials from 1997 to March 2021 were included. Two reviewers independently screened abstracts and full texts for study eligibility, extracted the data, and performed a quality assessment using the Cochrane Collaboration Risk-of-Bias Tool for randomized trials. Population, instruments, comparison, and outcome (PICO) elements were used to define eligibility criteria. Eight-hundred sixty relevant studies were found through electronic searches in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus, and SPORTDiscus databases. Once the eligibility criteria were applied, a total of 16 papers were included. RESULTS Workability was the productivity variable most positively impacted by WPPAs. Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength, and musculoskeletal symptoms health variables improved in all the studies included. It was not possible to fully examine the effectiveness of each exercise modality because of the heterogeneity in methodology, duration, and working population. Finally, cost-effectiveness could not be analyzed because this information was not reported in most studies. CONCLUSION All types of WPPAs analyzed improved workers' productivity and health. However, the heterogeneity of WPPAs does not allow to identify which modality is more effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Marin-Farrona
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Brad Wipfli
- OHSU-PSU School of Public Health, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Saurabh S. Thosar
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239 USA
| | - Enrique Colino
- Exercise and Sport Science, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, Ctra. Pozuelo-Majadahonda Km 1,800, Pozuelo de Alarcón, 28223 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jorge Garcia-Unanue
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Leonor Gallardo
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jose Luis Felipe
- IGOID Research Group, Department of Physical Activity and Sport Sciences, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - Jorge López-Fernández
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Calle Tajo S/N, Villaviciosa de Odón, 28670 Madrid, Spain
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Lopes SL, Ferreira AI, Prada R. The Use of Robots in the Workplace: Conclusions from a Health Promoting Intervention Using Social Robots. Int J Soc Robot 2023; 15:1-13. [PMID: 37359429 PMCID: PMC10123460 DOI: 10.1007/s12369-023-01000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Workplace wellness programs constitute a preventive measure to help avoid healthcare costs for companies, with additional benefits for employee productivity and other organizational outcomes. Interventions using social robots may have some advantages over other conventional telemedicine applications, since they can deliver personalized feedback and counseling. This investigation focused on a health-promoting intervention within work environments, and compared the efficacy of the intervention on two distinct groups, one guided by a human agent and the other by a robot agent. Participants (n = 56) were recruited from two Portuguese organizations and led through eight sessions by the social agent, the goal being to encourage health behavior change and adoption of a healthier lifestyle. The results indicate that the group led by the robot agent revealed better post-intervention scores than the group led by the human agent, specifically with regard to productivity despite presenteeism and regard of their level of mental well-being. No effects were found concerning the work engagement level of participants in either group. By demonstrating the potential of using social robots to establish therapeutic and worth relationships with employees in their workplaces, this study provides interesting new findings that contribute to the literature on health behavior change and human-robot interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L. Lopes
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (Iscte-IUL) & Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Iscte-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Aristides I. Ferreira
- Instituto Universitário de Lisboa (Iscte-IUL) & Business Research Unit (BRU-IUL), Iscte-IUL, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Prada
- INESC-ID & Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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Shiri R, Bergbom B. Work Ability and Well-Being Management and Its Barriers and Facilitators in Multinational Organizations: A Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11070978. [PMID: 37046905 PMCID: PMC10094079 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11070978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this scoping review was to identify effective workplace programs for work ability and well-being management and its barriers and facilitators in multinational organizations. The PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases were searched from 1974 through February 2023 to identify quantitative and qualitative studies on the management of work ability and well-being, and related outcomes including presenteeism, absenteeism, productivity loss, and healthy practices, conducted in a multinational organization or company. The titles and abstracts of over 11,000 publications were screened, and 10 studies fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the review. The management of work ability and well-being in multinational companies requires leadership support and commitment, effective communication, employee health awareness and engagement, comprehensive personalized health risk and condition assessments, and the management of risk factors and occupational and non-occupational health conditions. Financial constraints, high workloads, competing priorities, a lack of effective communication, a lack of worksite managers’ motivation, employees’ language barriers, high worksite managers’ turnover, and a decline in the support of senior managers are considered as barriers, and the presence of existing participatory practices is considered as a facilitator of participation in workplace health and well-being interventions in multinational companies. This review suggests that the management of work ability and well-being in multinational companies should go beyond health promotion and include comprehensive personalized health risk and health condition assessments and management.
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Moroni A, Degan R, Martin B, Sciannameo V, Berchialla P, Gilli G, Micheletti Cremasco M. Effectiveness of Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) interventions in university employees: a scoping review. Health Promot Int 2023; 38:6974795. [PMID: 36617296 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Workplace Health Promotion (WHP) interventions proved to be effective in several workplace contexts. Currently, the effectiveness of such interventions in the academic workplace is lacking, albeit evidence suggests similar patterns to those occurring in other workplace sectors. The aim of this study was to review WHP interventions in the university workplace that led to improve health- and work-related outcomes. Articles were selected using Pubmed, Web of Science, Scopus, Embase, PsycInfo, Cinhal and FSTA, using search strings focused on health- and/or work-related outcomes and involving University WHP interventions published between January 2010 and July 2021. The majority of the 12 studies selected reported positive results in their individuality, especially regarding health-related outcomes [biological such as weight loss, physical activity, mental health and lifestyle habits] and work-related outcomes concerning improvements either for the employee or for the working system. Studies on economic advantage and Return on Investment were limited and reported contrasting results. In conclusion, we have highlighted how the studies on effectiveness of WHP interventions in the university context are few and heterogeneous and need to be encouraged further research in order to build specific guidelines that are effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Moroni
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy.,Suism University Service Center in Hygiene and Sport Sciences, University of Torino, Via Marenco 32, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Degan
- Suism University Service Center in Hygiene and Sport Sciences, University of Torino, Via Marenco 32, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Barbara Martin
- Research and Third Mission Area, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Veronica Sciannameo
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Paola Berchialla
- Centre for Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Public Health, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043 Orbassano, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gilli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Yang Toh SH, Lee SC, Kosasih FR, Lim JW, Sündermann O. Preliminary effectiveness of an evidence-based mobile application to promote resilience among working adults in Singapore and Hong Kong: Intensive longitudinal study. Digit Health 2023; 9:20552076231178616. [PMID: 37274370 PMCID: PMC10236254 DOI: 10.1177/20552076231178616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence-based mobile health (mHealth) applications on smartphones are a cost-effective way for employees to take proactive steps to improve well-being and performance. However, little is known about what sustains engagement on these applications and whether they could dynamically improve occupational outcomes such as resilience and mood. Using real-world data, this intensive longitudinal study examines (a) which employees would continually engage with a cognitive behavioural therapy-informed mHealth application ('Intellect'); and (b) if daily engagement of 'Intellect' would relate to better occupational outcomes on the following day. A total of 515 working adults in Singapore and Hong Kong (Mage = 32.4, SDage = 8.17) completed daily in-app items on mood and resilience components (i.e. sleep hours, sleep quality, physical activity, and stress levels). Our results revealed that employees with lower baseline resilience (β = -0.048, odds ratio (OR) = 0.953, p < 0.01), specifically poorer sleep quality (β = -0.212, OR = 0.809, p = 0.001) and/or higher stress levels (β = -0.255, OR = 0.775, p = 0.05), were more likely to resume engagement on the application. Among the 150 active users (i.e. ≥3 consecutive days of engagement) (Mage = 32.2, SDage = 8.17), daily engagement predicted higher resilience (β = 0.122; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.039-0.206), specifically lower stress levels (β = 0.018; 95% CI 0.004-0.032), higher physical activity (β = 0.079; 95% CI 0.032-0.126), and mood levels (β = 0.020; 95% CI 0.012-0.029) on the following day even after controlling for same-day outcomes. Our preliminary findings suggest that engaging with a mHealth application was associated with higher dynamic resilience and emotional well-being in employees.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sze Chi Lee
- Research Department, Intellect Pte Ltd,
Singapore
| | | | - Jia W. Lim
- Department of Psychology, National University of
Singapore, Singapore
| | - Oliver Sündermann
- Research Department, Intellect Pte Ltd,
Singapore
- Department of Psychology, National University of
Singapore, Singapore
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Rojanasarot S, Bhattacharyya SK, Edwards N. Productivity loss and productivity loss costs to United States employers due to priority conditions: a systematic review. J Med Econ 2023; 26:262-270. [PMID: 36695516 DOI: 10.1080/13696998.2023.2172282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To summarize published studies evaluating productivity loss and productivity loss costs associated with cancer, chronic lung disease, depression, pain, and cardiometabolic disease among US employees. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PubMed search from the past 10 years was conducted using the terms productivity, absenteeism, presenteeism, cancer, bronchitis, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, depression, pain, heart disease, hypertension, and diabetes (limited to English-language publications and studies of adults aged 19-64). Study endpoints included annual incremental time (work hours lost and Work Productivity and Impairment [WPAI] questionnaire overall work impairment) and monetary estimates of productivity loss. Studies were critically appraised using a modified Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (OCEBM) Quality Rating Scheme. RESULTS Of 2,037 records identified from the search, 183 studies were included. The most common observed condition leading to productivity loss was pain (24%), followed by cancer (22%), chronic lung disease (17%), cardiometabolic disease (16%), and depression (16%). Nearly three-quarters of the studies (n = 133, 72.7%) were case-control/retrospective cohort studies (OCEBM quality rating 3); the remainder were case series/cross-sectional studies (n = 28, 15.3%; quality rating 4), randomized clinical trials (n = 18, 9.8%; quality rating 1); and controlled trials without randomization/prospective comparative cohort trials (n = 4, 2.2%; quality rating 2). Samples sizes ranged from 18 patients to millions of patients for studies using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Most studies found employees lost up to 80 annual incremental work hours; employees with cancer and cardiometabolic disease had the greatest number of work hours lost. Overall percentage work impairment ranged from 10% to 70% and was higher for pain and depression. Annual incremental costs of lost work productivity ranged from $100 to $10,000 and were higher for cancer, pain, and depression. LIMITATIONS Study heterogeneity. CONCLUSIONS Despite some gaps in evidence for the cost of productivity loss, sufficient data highlight the substantial employer burden of lost productivity among priority conditions.
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Arnold L, Harris K, Weale V. A scoping review of workplace health promotion interventions for chronic diseases in Australia. J Occup Health 2023; 65:e12417. [PMID: 37443451 PMCID: PMC10345237 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study is to systematically chart and summarize the literature pertaining to workplace health promotion (WHP) interventions targeting the five main modifiable lifestyle risk factors for chronic disease, including smoking, nutrition, alcohol, physical activity, overweight/obesity (SNAPO) in Australian workers. METHODS A scoping review was performed using the framework of Arksey and O'Malley. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and SCOPUS were searched to identify peer-reviewed publications that evaluated primary or secondary WHP interventions which targeted one or more modifiable risk factor (SNAPO). RESULTS A total of fifty-six articles were included in the review. The findings revealed a heterogeneous nature of WHP intervention design and evaluation. The majority of the interventions focussed on physical activity, with fewer targeting the other four main modifiable risk factors. Health care and white-collar workers were most frequently targeted, with less attention paid to other worker groups. The review also found that many interventions had a duration of three months or less. CONCLUSIONS Significant gaps have been identified in relation to the occupational role, risk factors targeted, and intervention length. This review also highlights the need for further research to be conducted to determine the efficacy of interventions to facilitate the development of a framework for WHP interventions to reduce the risk and prevalence of chronic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Arnold
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human FactorsLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Katherine Harris
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human FactorsLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
| | - Victoria Weale
- Centre for Ergonomics and Human FactorsLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVictoriaAustralia
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Masuko S, Zaitsu T, Oshiro A, Ishimaru M, Aida J. Association between place of dental check-ups and work absenteeism among Japanese workers. J Occup Health 2023; 65:e12415. [PMID: 37354491 PMCID: PMC10290527 DOI: 10.1002/1348-9585.12415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Dental check-ups at the workplace provide the opportunity for early detection of dental diseases. Dental check-ups during working hours could reduce the number of days of absence from work due to visits to dental clinics outside the workplace. Although health check-ups are provided to workers in Japan, dental check-ups is not mandatory. This study aimed to determine the association between the place of dental check-ups and absenteeism due to visits to the dental clinic. METHODS This cross-sectional study used data from an online self-reported worker survey conducted for 2 weeks in March 2017. We applied linear regression analysis with robust variance to determine the association between the place of dental check-ups and absenteeism due to dental clinic visits while adjusting for sociodemographic, health, and oral health covariates. RESULTS The average age of the 3930 participants was 43.3 ± 11.7 years, and 52.3% were male. The number of days of absenteeism due to dental clinic visits in the past year for those who received check-ups only at the dental clinic and at the workplace were 0.57 ± 2.67 days and 0.21 ± 1.20 days, respectively. After adjusting for covariates, it was found that those who received dental check-ups at the workplace had 0.35 (95% CI, 0.12-0.58) fewer days of absence than those who received dental check-ups at the dental clinic. CONCLUSION Workers who received dental check-ups at the workplace were associated with fewer days of absence due to dental visits than those who received at the dental clinic.
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Grants
- 170501-01 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan
- 21FA1301 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan
- 22FA1010 Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan
- 20K10245 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayo Masuko
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Takashi Zaitsu
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Akiko Oshiro
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Miho Ishimaru
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
| | - Jun Aida
- Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School of Medical and Dental SciencesTokyo Medical and Dental UniversityBunkyo‐kuJapan
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Aguolu OG, Willebrand K, Elharake JA, Qureshi HM, Kiti MC, Liu CY, Restrepo Mesa A, Nelson K, Jenness S, Melegaro A, Ahmed F, Yildirim I, Malik FA, Lopman B, Omer SB. Factors influencing the decision to receive seasonal influenza vaccination among US corporate non-healthcare workers. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2122379. [PMID: 36136345 PMCID: PMC9746537 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2122379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza causes significant mortality and morbidity in the United States (US). Employees are exposed to influenza at work and can spread it to others. The influenza vaccine is safe, effective, and prevents severe outcomes; however, coverage among US adults (50.2%) is below Healthy People 2030 target of 70%. These highlights need for more effective vaccination promotion interventions. Understanding predictors of vaccination acceptance could inform vaccine promotion messages, improve coverage, and reduce illness-related work absences. We aimed to identify factors influencing influenza vaccination among US non-healthcare workers. Using mixed-methods approach, we evaluated factors influencing influenza vaccination among employees in three US companies during April-June 2020. Survey questions were adapted from the WHO seasonal influenza survey. Most respondents (n = 454) were women (272, 59.9%), 20-39 years old (n = 250, 55.1%); white (n = 254, 56.0%); had a college degree (n = 431, 95.0%); and reported receiving influenza vaccine in preceding influenza season (n = 297, 65.4%). Logistic regression model was statistically significant, X (16, N = 450) = 31.6, p = .01. Education [(OR) = 0.3, 95%CI = 0.1-0.6)] and race (OR = 0.4, 95%CI = 0.2-0.8) were significant predictors of influenza vaccine acceptance among participants. The majority had favorable attitudes toward influenza vaccination and reported that physician recommendation would influence their vaccination decisions. Seven themes were identified in qualitative analysis: "Protecting others" (109, 24.0%), "Protecting self" (105, 23.1%), "Vaccine accessibility" (94, 20.7%), "Education/messaging" (71, 15.6%), "Policies/requirements" (15, 3.3%), "Reminders" (9, 2.0%), and "Incentives" (3, 0.7%). Our findings could facilitate the development of effective influenza vaccination promotion messages and programs for employers, and workplace vaccination programs for other diseases such as COVID-19, by public health authorities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Obianuju Genevieve Aguolu
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- CONTACT Obianuju Genevieve Aguolu Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, 1 Church Street, Room 345, New Haven, CT06510, USA
| | | | - Jad A. Elharake
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Hanya M. Qureshi
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Moses Chapa Kiti
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Carol Y. Liu
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Kristin Nelson
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Samuel Jenness
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Alessia Melegaro
- DONDENA Centre for Research in Social Dynamics and Public Policy, Bocconi University, Milan, Italy
| | - Faruque Ahmed
- Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, Georgia
| | - Inci Yildirim
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Fauzia A. Malik
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Benjamin Lopman
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Saad B. Omer
- Yale Institute of Global Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
- Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
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18
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Leino T, Turunen JKA, Pehkonen I, Juvonen-Posti P. Important collaborative conditions for successful economic outcomes of work disability management: A mixed methods multiple case study. Work 2022; 74:685-697. [PMID: 36278370 DOI: 10.3233/wor-210026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work disability management (WDM) interventions have usually focused on a single factor and its impact on outcomes such as employee health or work disability costs. Research on company-level WDM activities and their economic impact is scarce. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to explain the change in company-level work disability costs and their relation to WDM practices, and to identify the mechanisms of impact through which the successful economic outcome emerged. METHODS The study design was a convergent mixed methods design with a multiple case study. The data from 14 business units concerned business context, personnel, investments in and processes of WDM, and the costs of work disability in 2010-2013. The data were constructed into case descriptions which were analysed using qualitative comparative analysis. The economic analysis was carried out from the employers' perspective. RESULTS Five business units gained net benefits of approximately 1.5-2.5% of the payroll sum from their investments in WDM. These benefits were characterised by a combination of four strategic processes: i) dismantling barriers to co-operation, ii) improving the visibility of the strategic goals of work ability management in everyday practice, iii) WDM actions targeting the company's main work disability risks, and iv) the facilitation of multi-actor co-operation through co-ordination and flow of information. CONCLUSION Strategic processes to support the effectiveness of WDM were found. When aiming for economic success in work disability management, in addition to measuring and managing disability costs, it is also essential to maintain collaborative operations in everyday practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo Leino
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, Finland
| | | | - Irmeli Pehkonen
- Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Työterveyslaitos, Finland
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19
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Olaya B, Van der Feltz-Cornelis CM, Hakkaart-van Roijen L, Merecz-Kot D, Sinokki M, Naumanen P, Shepherd J, van Krugten F, de Mul M, Staszewska K, Vorstenbosch E, de Miquel C, Lima RA, Ayuso-Mateos JL, Salvador-Carulla L, Borrega O, Sabariego C, Bernard RM, Vanroelen C, Gevaert J, Van Aerden K, Raggi A, Seghezzi F, Haro JM. Study protocol of EMPOWER: A cluster randomized trial of a multimodal eHealth intervention for promoting mental health in the workplace following a stepped wedge trial design. Digit Health 2022; 8:20552076221131145. [PMID: 36276189 PMCID: PMC9583218 DOI: 10.1177/20552076221131145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This article describes the EMPOWER study, a controlled trial aiming to determine the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of an eHealth intervention to prevent common health problems and reduce presenteeism and absenteeism in the workplace. Intervention: The EMPOWER intervention spans universal, secondary and tertiary prevention and consists of an eHealth platform delivered via a website and a smartphone app designed to guide employees throughout different modules according to their specific profiles. Design: A stepped-wedge cluster randomized trial will be implemented in four countries (Finland, Poland, Spain and UK) with employees from small and medium enterprises (SMEs) and public agencies. Companies will be randomly allocated in one of three groups with different times at which the intervention is implemented. The intervention will last 7 weeks. Employees will answer several questionnaires at baseline, pre- and post-intervention and follow-up. Outcome measures: The main outcome is presenteeism. Secondary outcomes include depression, anxiety, insomnia, stress levels, wellbeing and absenteeism. Analyses will be conducted at the individual level using the intention-to-treat approach and mixed models. Additional analyses will evaluate the intervention effects according to gender, country or type of company. Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analyses [based on the use of quality-adjusted life-years (QALYS)] will consider a societal, employers' and employees' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Olaya
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain,Beatriz Olaya, Research, Innovation and
Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Carrer Doctor Pujadas 42, 08830
Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
| | - Christina M. Van der Feltz-Cornelis
- MHARG, Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK,Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London,
UK
| | - Leona Hakkaart-van Roijen
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Marjo Sinokki
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Päivi Naumanen
- Turku Centre for Occupational Health, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jessie Shepherd
- MHARG, Department of Health Sciences, Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | - Frédérique van Krugten
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen de Mul
- Erasmus School of Health Policy and Management (ESHPM), Erasmus
University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Ellen Vorstenbosch
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlota de Miquel
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Antunes Lima
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Ayuso-Mateos
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma
de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Luis Salvador-Carulla
- Health Research Institute, Faculty of Health, University of Canberra, Canberra, Australia,National Centres for Epidemiology and Population Health, College of
Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | | | - Carla Sabariego
- Swiss Paraplegic Research
(SPF), Nottwil, Switzerland,Department of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne,
Lucerne, Switzerland; Center for Rehabilitation in Global Health Systems, World
Health Organization Collaborating Center, University of Lucerne, Lucerne,
Switzerland
| | | | - Christophe Vanroelen
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jessie Gevaert
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Aerden
- Interface Demography, Department of Sociology, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alberto Raggi
- Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, UO Neurologia
Salute Pubblica e Disabilità, Milano, Italy
| | | | | | - Josep Maria Haro
- Research, Innovation and Teaching Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de
Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM),
Madrid, Spain
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20
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Wu Y, Jin S, Guo J, Zhu Y, Chen L, Huang Y. The Economic Burden Associated with Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Elderly People with Chronic Diseases in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12958. [PMID: 36232268 PMCID: PMC9566659 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Coexisting physical diseases and depressive symptoms exacerbate morbidity and disability, but their incremental economic burden remains unclear. We used cross-sectional data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) survey in 2018 to estimate the economic burden associated with depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly people with chronic diseases. A multivariable regression model was used to assess the annual health care utilization, expenditures, and productivity loss of depressive symptoms among people with 12 common chronic diseases. We found that depressive symptoms were associated with higher incremental economic burdens, as the total health care costs increased by 3.1% to 85.0% and annual productivity loss increased by 1.6% to 90.1%. Those with cancer or malignant tumors had the largest economic burden associated with depressive symptoms, with CNY 17,273.7 additional annual health care costs and a loss of CNY 2196.2 due to additional annual productivity loss. The effect of depressive symptoms on the economic burden of patients with chronic conditions did not increase by the number of chronic conditions. Considering the high economic burden associated with depressive symptoms among patients with chronic conditions, it is important to consider the mental health of patients in chronic disease treatment and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wu
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Sihui Jin
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Jianwei Guo
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1037 Luoyu Road, Hongshan District, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Lijin Chen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
| | - Yixiang Huang
- Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, 74, Zhongshan 2nd Road, Guangzhou 510030, China
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Hente L, Hodeck A, Schlesinger T. Establishment and management of a workplace health promotion network in rural areas: a case study. Health Promot Int 2022; 37:6730777. [PMID: 36173605 DOI: 10.1093/heapro/daac123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Health is an increasingly important issue in the workplace, but the dissemination of health-promoting interventions in companies, especially in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), remains limited. Inter-organizational networks seem to be a promising approach to promote and implement workplace health management (WHM) in SMEs. This study analyses the establishment and coordination of the network 'ERZgesund-Healthy Companies in the Ore Mountains' for WHM in SMEs in a rural area of Germany. The case study, which builds on a mixed method approach (expert interviews, participant observations and document analysis), finds that ERZgesund evolved from a top-down approach (politically initiated, regionally anchored and financed from promotional funds). The network's hierarchy is disproportionately vertical, and the project group has limited decision-taking power and limited opportunities to act, which has reduced their overall engagement in the network. We conclude that although long and stable relationships are important for successful networks, change-especially at the leadership level-can lead to increased engagement of network participants if the hierarchy within the network is horizontally aligned. The findings of this explorative case study contribute to the planning process, the development and implementation of network structures, and successful WHM interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisa Hente
- Department of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Alexander Hodeck
- Department of Marketing, Tourism and Sports, International School of Management (ISM), Hauptstraße 27, 10827 Berlin, Germany
| | - Torsten Schlesinger
- Department of Human Movement Science and Health, Chemnitz University of Technology, Thüringer Weg 11, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
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22
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Takahashi Y, Tsuno YS, Omori J. [Evaluation index for a healthy workplace culture in health and productivity management]. SANGYO EISEIGAKU ZASSHI = JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH 2022; 64:225-237. [PMID: 34866065 DOI: 10.1539/sangyoeisei.2021-029-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to establish a healthy workplace culture, rather than simply enhancing the content of intervention programs, aimed toward reducing health risks and maintaining and increasing productivity. Previous studies have found that the higher the awareness of employees' subjective evaluation of support for their health, the smaller is the health risk and problem of presenteeism. In health and productivity management, it is necessary to make evaluations from the employees' perspective. This study created an index of healthy workplace culture from the employees' perspective and examined its usefulness as an evaluation index for health and productivity management. METHODS A questionnaire survey was conducted using 20 indicators derived from a literature review of the workplace culture of health. The survey was conducted among 50 organizations that were certified as excellent healthcare corporations in 2019. A questionnaire was distributed to 886 employees in 25 cooperating organizations, and responses were received from 435 employees. RESULTS The analysis was performed among employees at 43 large and 263 small and medium-sized organizations, and 123 organizations with unknown certification status. Comparison by size showed that the following were significantly better in large organizations: policy on maintaining and promoting health, procedures for handling health issues, program and support for returning to work after a long absence, program and support for improving mental health, and places to consult with employees about health and safety issues. However, the following were significantly better in small and medium-sized organizations: feedback on health issues from supervisors to employees and provision of useful information about health promotion. Organizations with unknown certification status showed significantly worse results for all items. It was evident with all indicators that a strong workplace culture of health resulted in reduced health risks and diminished presenteeism. CONCLUSIONS The validity of the index developed in this study demands future verification. However, the index allows the degree of the workplace culture of health to be assessed and may be beneficial in health and productivity management for evaluation from the employees' perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Junko Omori
- Department of Public Health Nursing, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine
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23
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de Miquel C, Moneta MV, Weber S, Lorenz C, Olaya B, Haro JM. The mediating role of general and cognitive stress on the effect of an app-based intervention on productivity measures in workers: A randomized controlled trial (Preprint). J Med Internet Res 2022. [PMID: 37399056 PMCID: PMC10365609 DOI: 10.2196/42317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Loss of productivity is a result of absence from work (absenteeism) or of working with limitations due to illness (presenteeism). Recently, occupational mental health interventions have increasingly been delivered in digital format, as this is thought to be more convenient, flexible, easily accessible, and anonymous. However, the effectiveness of electronic mental health (e-mental health) interventions in the workplace to improve presenteeism and absenteeism remains unknown, and could be potentially mediated by psychological variables such as stress levels. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an e-mental health intervention to reduce absenteeism and presenteeism in employees, as well as to investigate the mediating role of stress in this effect. METHODS Employees of six companies in two countries participated in a randomized controlled trial (n=210 in the intervention group and n=322 in the waitlist control group). Participants in the intervention group could use the Kelaa Mental Resilience app for 4 weeks. All participants were asked to complete assessments at baseline, during the intervention, postintervention, and at a 2-week follow-up. Absenteeism and presenteeism were assessed by means of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire: General Health, while general and cognitive stress were assessed through the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire-Revised Version. Regression and mediation analyses were performed to evaluate the effect of the Kelaa Mental Resilience app on presenteeism and absenteeism. RESULTS The intervention did not have a direct effect on presenteeism or absenteeism, neither at postintervention nor at follow-up. Nevertheless, general stress significantly mediated the intervention effect on presenteeism (P=.005) but not on absenteeism (P=.92), and cognitive stress mediated the effect of the intervention on both presenteeism (P<.001) and absenteeism (P=.02) right after the intervention. At the 2-week follow-up, the mediating effect of cognitive stress on presenteeism was significant (P=.04), although this was not the case for its mediating effect on absenteeism (P=.36). Additionally, at the 2-week follow-up, general stress did not mediate the intervention effect on presenteeism (P=.25) or on absenteeism (P=.72). CONCLUSIONS While no direct effect of the e-mental health intervention on productivity was found in this study, our findings suggest that stress reduction could mediate the effect of the intervention on presenteeism and absenteeism. As such, e-mental health interventions that address stress in employees might also indirectly reduce presenteeism and absenteeism in these employees. However, due to study limitations such as an overrepresentation of female participants in the sample and a high proportion of attrition, these results should be interpreted with caution. Future research is needed to better understand the mechanisms of interventions on productivity in the workplace. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05924542; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05924542.
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24
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Lohaus D, Habermann W, Nachreiner M. Sickness presenteeism explained by balancing perceived positive and negative effects. Front Psychol 2022; 13:963560. [PMID: 36092041 PMCID: PMC9455224 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.963560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Within the ever-growing body of research on sickness presenteeism, studies of perceived consequences are scarce and equally rare are joint considerations of beneficial and harmful effects. This study examined how experienced and expected consequences of the behavior are related to presenteeism. Positive and negative effects were considered simultaneously and comprehensively. This approach allowed us to capture the trade-off process of individuals in deciding to work or call in sick when ill. In a cross-sectional online survey, 591 working adults in Germany rated a thoroughly developed pool of specific experienced or potential consequences of working while sick and gave an overall judgment of effects. The results show that perceptions of effects are consistent with behavior. Individuals who exhibit presenteeism do so primarily because of work-related effects such as the completion of one’s work tasks and the meeting of deadlines. Few specific effects stand out and can largely explain attendance behavior and the overall assessment of effects. The findings are consistent with the assumptions of the health belief model and the expectancy value theory of work motivation and they relate to the health-performance framework. They demonstrated that benefits and costs of the behavior are simultaneously weighed in the decision to engage in presenteeism or not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lohaus
- Business Psychology Institute, Social Sciences Faculty, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
| | | | - Malte Nachreiner
- Business Psychology Institute, Social Sciences Faculty, Darmstadt University of Applied Sciences, Darmstadt, Germany
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25
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Lakiša S, Matisāne L, Gobiņa I, Orru H, Vanadziņš I. Sickness Presenteeism among Employees Having Workplace Conflicts-Results from Pooled Analyses in Latvia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10525. [PMID: 36078240 PMCID: PMC9517808 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191710525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The study's objective was to investigate the associations between workplace conflicts and self-reported sickness presenteeism defined as going to work while being ill. Cross-sectional survey data pooled from four national surveys in years 2006, 2010, 2013 and 2018 with a study sample of 6368 employees (mean age 42.9 years and 52.9% females) were used. Respondents were randomly drawn from different regions and industries; therefore, the sample is representative of the working population of Latvia. The computer-assisted personal interviewing (CAPI) method was used to collect data at respondents' places of residence. The associations between conflicts in the workplace and presenteeism were analyzed by using binomial logistic regression and calculated as odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) adjusted (aOR) for gender, age, education, and survey year. On average, 11% of respondents reported sickness presenteeism during the last year. The odds of presenteeism significantly increased for all types of workplace conflicts, but most for conflicts with managers (OR = 2.84). The odds of presenteeism doubled for those reporting conflicts with other employees (OR = 2.19) and conflicts with customers (OR = 1.85). The odds of sickness presenteeism were significantly higher if the workplace conflicts occurred often (seven times for conflicts between managers and employees, and four times for conflicts with customers) and with other employees. Presenteeism frequency increased more than three times if respondents had more than two types of conflict at work. The results of this study show that having any type of conflict in the workplace significantly increases the frequency of sickness presenteeism, especially when conflicts are frequent or an employee has more types of conflicts in the workplace. The study results justify the need to implement targeted and effective workplace conflict management measures at the organizational level to decrease sickness presenteeism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Lakiša
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Linda Matisāne
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Inese Gobiņa
- Department of Public Health and Epidemiology, Rīga Stradiņš University, Kronvalda Boulevard 9, LV-1010 Rīga, Latvia
| | - Hans Orru
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Ravila 19, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ivars Vanadziņš
- Institute for Occupational Safety and Environmental Health, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Rīga Stradiņš University, Dzirciema 16, LV-1007 Rīga, Latvia
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26
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Asare BYA, Makate M, Powell D, Kwasnicka D, Robinson S. Cost of Health-Related Work Productivity Loss among Fly-In Fly-Out Mining Workers in Australia. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10056. [PMID: 36011689 PMCID: PMC9408090 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Sufficient knowledge on the work productivity impact of the health of fly-in fly-out (FIFO) workers in the mining sector in Australia is lacking. This study examined the impact of health and lifestyle behaviours on the work productivity of FIFO workers in the mining industry in Australia. FIFO workers completed an online questionnaire on health and work productivity loss measures. Linear regressions were used to model annual work productivity losses through absenteeism, presenteeism and total productivity loss. Workers with a high risk for health conditions were, on average, associated with 3.87% more productivity loss (absenteeism: 1.27% and presenteeism: 2.88%) than those with low risk. Workers who had multiple health risks classified as medium (3-4 health conditions) and high (5 or more health conditions) reported 1.75% and 7.46% more total productivity loss, respectively, than those with fewer multiple health risks (0-2 health conditions). Health conditions were estimated to account for an annual additional productivity cost due to absenteeism of AUD 8.82 million, presenteeism of AUD 14.08 million and a total productivity loss of AUD 20.96 million per 1000 workers. FIFO workers with high health risks experience more absenteeism, presenteeism and overall productivity loss. These measures provide strong economic justifications that could support the need for targeted workplace health interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Yeboah-Asiamah Asare
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6102, Australia
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Marshall Makate
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6102, Australia
| | - Daniel Powell
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
- Rowett Institute, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, UK
| | - Dominika Kwasnicka
- Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Aleksandra Ostrowskiego 30b, 53-238 Wroclaw, Poland
- NHMRC CRE in Digital Technology to Transform Chronic Disease Outcomes, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, 333 Exhibition Street, Melbourne 3000, Australia
| | - Suzanne Robinson
- Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Perth 6102, Australia
- Deakin Health Economics, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Burwood 3125, Australia
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27
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Adams R, Jordan R, Adab P, Barrett T, Bevan S, Cooper L, DuRand I, Hardy P, Heneghan N, Jolly K, Jowett S, Marshall T, O'Hara M, Rai K, Rickards H, Riley R, Sadhra S, Tearne S, Walters G, Sapey E. Enhancing the health of NHS staff: eTHOS - protocol for a randomised controlled pilot trial of an employee health screening clinic for NHS staff to reduce absenteeism and presenteeism, compared with usual care. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:155. [PMID: 35897113 PMCID: PMC9326142 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01095-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Staff absenteeism and presenteeism incur high costs to the NHS and are associated with adverse health outcomes. The main causes are musculoskeletal complaints and mental ill-health, which are potentially modifiable, and cardiovascular risk factors are also common. We will test the feasibility of an RCT to evaluate the clinical and cost-effectiveness of an employee health screening clinic on reducing sickness absenteeism and presenteeism. METHODS This is an individually randomised controlled pilot trial aiming to recruit 480 participants. All previously unscreened employees from four hospitals within three UK NHS hospital Trusts will be eligible. Those randomised to the intervention arm will be invited to attend an employee health screening clinic consisting of a screening assessment for musculoskeletal (STarT MSK and STarT Back), mental (PHQ-9 and GAD-7) and cardiovascular (NHS Health Check if aged ≥ 40, lifestyle check if < 40 years) health. Screen positives will be given advice and/or referral to recommended services. Those randomised to the control arm will receive usual care. Participants will complete a questionnaire at baseline and 26 weeks; anonymised absenteeism and staff demographics will also be collected from personnel records. The co-primary outcomes are as follows: recruitment, referrals and uptake of recommended services in the intervention arm. Secondary outcomes include the following: results of screening assessments, uptake of individual referrals, reported changes in health behaviours, acceptability and feasibility of intervention, indication of contamination and costs. Outcomes related to the definitive trial include self-reported and employee records of absenteeism with reasons. Process evaluation to inform a future trial includes interviews with participants, intervention delivery staff and service providers receiving referrals. Analyses will include presentation of descriptive statistics, framework analysis for qualitative data and costs and consequences presented for health economics. DISCUSSION The study will provide data to inform the design of a definitive RCT which aims to find an effective and cost-effective method of reducing absenteeism and presenteeism amongst NHS staff. The feasibility study will test trial procedures, and process outcomes, including the success of strategies for including underserved groups, and provide information and data to help inform the design and sample size for a definitive trial. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN reference number 10237475 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Adams
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Rachel Jordan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
| | - Peymané Adab
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tim Barrett
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
| | - Sheriden Bevan
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Lucy Cooper
- Birmingham Children's Hospital, Steelhouse Lane, Birmingham, B4 6NH, UK
| | - Ingrid DuRand
- Hereford County Hospital, Stonebow Road, Hereford, HR1 2ER, UK
| | - Pollyanna Hardy
- National Perinatal Epidemiology Unit Clinical Trials Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicola Heneghan
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Kate Jolly
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sue Jowett
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Tom Marshall
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Margaret O'Hara
- Public and Patient Involvement and Engagement, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
| | - Kiran Rai
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hugh Rickards
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,National Centre for Mental Health, Barberry Building, 25 Vincent Drive, Birmingham, B15 2FG, UK
| | - Ruth Riley
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Steven Sadhra
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Sarah Tearne
- Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Gareth Walters
- Birmingham Heartlands Hospital, Bordesley Green East, Birmingham, B9 5SS, UK
| | - Elizabeth Sapey
- Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.,Respiratory Medicine and General Internal Medicine, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Queen Elizabeth Hospital Birmingham, Birmingham, B15 2TH, UK
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28
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Díaz-Benito VJ, Barriopedro Moro MI, Clemente Remón ÁL, Santacruz Lozano JA, Hervás Pérez JP, Vanderhaegen F. Effects of worksite exercise intervention (PRODET®) on well-being at work and capability in performing work-related sedentary tasks: A pilot study. Work 2022; 72:909-920. [DOI: 10.3233/wor-205340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Companies have tried to carry out interventions in order to mitigate the risks associated with losses in productivity and the health of employees. OBJECTIVE: This intervention trial evaluated the effect of a supervised exercise intervention based on aerobic capacity and strength on well-being at work and capability in performing work tasks. METHODOLOGY: The sample was composed of 67 participants (N = 67, mean age 34.31 years) and investigated a 12-week group physical exercise program in the workplace, two days per week for 50 minutes, which was supervised and based on aerobic endurance and strength. The 67 subjects were working-age office workers, deemed sedentary and randomized into an intervention (N = 40) or control (N = 27) group. Among them, 33 were men (N = 33; 49.25%) and 34 were women (N = 34, 50.75%). Outcomes were assessed pre- and post-test in both groups. The Mann-Whitney U and Chi-Square tests were performed to compare the characteristics of the intervention and control group. η2 = z/(n-1) was calculated as effect size rates. RESULTS: The program showed statistically significant effects on strength endurance (P = 0.020, η2 = 0.08), the loss of fat percentage (P = 0.015, η2 = 0.09), lower limb power (P = 0.020, η2 = 0.08) and QoL (P = 0.0001, η2 = 0.39 for the physical health outcome, and P = 0.0001, η2 = 0.35 for the outcome of total scores of mental health). CONCLUSIONS: The intervention had an impact on the endurance, fat percentage loss and QoL of the workers whose occupations were based on sedentary tasks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vıctor Jiménez Díaz-Benito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marıa Isabel Barriopedro Moro
- Applied Psychosocial Research Group, Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, Technical University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Luis Clemente Remón
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Alcalá, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Juan Pablo Hervás Pérez
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, Camilo Jos\'{e} Cela University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frederic Vanderhaegen
- LAMIH, UMR CNRS 8201, Polytechnic University of Hauts-de-France, Valenciennes, France
- INSA Hauts-de-France, Valenciennes, France
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29
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Wu Y. Tobacco Control Measures' Role in Improving Employees' Health Under the Impact of Health Education and Media Campaign. Front Public Health 2022; 10:904894. [PMID: 35874977 PMCID: PMC9301119 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.904894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The overarching purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of health education, media campaigns, and peer counselor training on employees' health. This study also attempted to evaluate the function of tobacco control as a mediator in the relationship between employees' health and health education, media campaigns, and peer counselor training. Data were collected from 440 tobacco industry workers in China using a questionnaire technique. Smart-PLS software and a structural equation modeling (SEM) technique were used to evaluate the data. Employees' health was found to be significantly improved by health education, media campaigns, and peer counselor training. Furthermore, tobacco control was discovered to moderate the association between employee health and health education, media campaigns, and peer counselor training. By analyzing the impact of health education, media campaigns, and peer counselor training on employees' health, this research provided an important theoretical contribution. In terms of practical applications, this study would help employees consuming tobacco to maintain a healthy and safe atmosphere that encourages them to be engaged and perform well. Furthermore, this study could prove effective in resolving difficulties linked to controlling employee tobacco addiction and improving their performance. The tiny sample size of this study, which included solely employees working in the Chinese tobacco sector, was one of its limitations. In addition, future studies can incorporate other constructs to acquire a deeper knowledge of the factors that influence employees' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wu
- Media and Communication College, Weifang University, Weifang, China
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30
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Hill B, Savaglio M, Blewitt C, Ahuja K, Kandel P, Madden S, Hills AP, Skouteris H. Preconception Health in the Workplace: An Opportunity to Support Equitable Access to Education. Semin Reprod Med 2022; 40:199-204. [PMID: 35760313 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1750132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Preconception health is a key determinant of pregnancy and offspring outcomes, but challenges reaching people during preconception are frequently cited by health professionals. This article highlights the workplace as an important setting for promoting equitable access to preconception health-related information and education to support optimal well-being before pregnancy. Workplaces can support equitable access to education and knowledge for preconception health: (1) due to the high engagement of reproductive-age women in the workforce and (2) by reaching vulnerable or high-risk population groups who may otherwise face barriers to accessing preconception health information. Literature that explicitly investigates workplace delivery of preconception health promotion programs is scarce. However, workplace health promotion more broadly is associated with improved corporate competitiveness, productivity, and strengthened employee-employer relationships. Workplace health promotion activities may also address social determinants of health and improve employee well-being outcomes. The opportunity for workplaces to benefit from an increase in the bottom line makes workplace health promotion programs more attractive, but organizational support and stakeholder engagement are needed to facilitate the design and delivery of successful workplace preconception health education programs. Such programs have the potential to facilitate health gains for women and their families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Briony Hill
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Melissa Savaglio
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Claire Blewitt
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Kiran Ahuja
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Pragya Kandel
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Seonad Madden
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Helen Skouteris
- Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
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Health Promotion for Outpatient Careworkers in Germany. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10061148. [PMID: 35742199 PMCID: PMC9223166 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10061148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to ongoing demographic changes, the need for care is increasing in Germany. The number of outpatient care services is also rising, and with it, the number of employees in outpatient care, who are also continuously becoming older. Workplace health promotion (WHP) becomes relevant in this context, as it can reduce negative strain reactions and promote employees’ health. The aim of this study was (1) to reveal implemented WHP interventions in German outpatient care services; (2) to examine the potential challenges regarding a successful implementation of WHP measures; and (3) to illuminate further requests and needs experienced by outpatient careworkers. In qualitative field research, 30 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with German caregivers, using the problem-centered interview method. The collected data were deductively and inductively evaluated and interpreted, using qualitative content analysis according to Mayring. Outpatient caregivers reported various WHP measures known from their workplaces, such as the provision of fruit baskets, programmes to increase physical activity, or a subsidy for a personal gym. They further reported WHP, such as back training, known from other care services. However, the respondents spoke of the challenges regarding the implementation or the use of WHP interventions in general. The most frequently named barriers were a lack of time after work and interventions that were only offered in their leisure time. In the same course, the participants still needed offers to increase physical activity, joint activities, or relaxation techniques. However, respondents highlighted that they preferred the interventions to take place during working hours. This way, they would also be more likely to take advantage of the interventions. The results of this study provide an insight into various WHP measures that already exist, or that are desirable for implementation with regard to caregivers’ needs. Subjectively perceived challenges for a successful implementation of WHP measures represent the importance of adjustments in the work organization of caregivers. It becomes clear that WHP is not yet established in the ambulant care sector, although it appears to be imperative for keeping caregivers healthy. Considering the different needs of employees, the results can provide a basis for the development of needs-based health promotion measures for caregivers.
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Effects of the nutritional interventions in improving employee’s cardiometabolic risk factors in the workplace: A systematic review. CLINICAL NUTRITION OPEN SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutos.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
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Stiehl E, Bales S, Jenkins K, Sherman BW. Unique Barriers to Workplace Health Promotion Programs (WHP) by Wage Category: A Qualitative Assessment of Secondary Data. Am J Health Promot 2022; 36:843-852. [PMID: 35081750 DOI: 10.1177/08901171211069546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To understand barriers around accessing or using workplace health promotion (WHP) programs among workers in different wage categories. APPROACH We conducted qualitative analysis of responses to three open-ended questions about WHP program participation, collected as part of an existing WHP program evaluation. SETTING A large mid-western university. PARTICIPANTS Of the 20,000 employees emailed an online survey, 3,212 responded (16.1%). The sample was mostly female (75%), white (79%), and comprised of staff members (84%). The average age was 44 years and 67% had annual incomes <$75,001. METHOD We used NVivo-12 Plus and two coders to apply Grounded Theory on the open-ended questions and identify emergent themes. RESULTS Although most respondents were happy with the program, differences across wage categories emerged around time, financial incentives, commute, workload, and organizational policies/support. Employees at all wage levels were enthusiastic about creating a culture of health but needed different supports to do so. For instance, higher-wage workers needed to overcome self-made time constraints, while lower-wage workers needed supervisor support to overcome coverage constraints that prevented participation. CONCLUSION The unique participation challenges experienced by employees in different wage categories provide justification for WHP programs that can better accommodate the participation barriers of all employees. While some programs may simply require more flexible offerings, others may need to train supervisors to support and foster healthy environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Stiehl
- Health Policy and Administration14681University of Illinois at Chicago
| | | | | | - Bruce W Sherman
- Medicine12304Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine
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Mental Health Promotion and Intervention in Occupational Settings: Protocol for a Pilot Study of the MENTUPP Intervention. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020947. [PMID: 35055773 PMCID: PMC8775639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most prevalent mental health difficulties in the EU, causing immense suffering and costing the global economy EUR 1 trillion each year in lost productivity. Employees in construction, health and information and communications technology have an elevated risk of mental health difficulties. Most mental health interventions for the workplace have been targeted at larger companies and small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are often overlooked despite most people being employed in SMEs. The MENTUPP intervention aims to improve mental health and wellbeing and reduce depression, anxiety, and suicidal behaviour. The MENTUPP project involves the development, implementation, and evaluation of a multilevel intervention targeting both clinical and non-clinical mental health issues and combating the stigma of mental (ill-)health, with a specific focus on SMEs. The intervention is underpinned by a framework of how to create a mentally healthy workplace by employing an integrated approach and has been informed by several systematic reviews designed to understand organisational mental health interventions and a consultation survey with key experts in the area. The intervention is facilitated through the MENTUPP Hub, an online platform that presents interactive psychoeducational materials, toolkits, and links to additional resources in an accessible and user-friendly manner. This paper presents the pilot study protocol for delivering the MENTUPP intervention in eight European countries and Australia. Each intervention country will aim to recruit at least 23 participants in 1-3 SMEs in one of the three high-risk sectors. The central aim of the pilot study will be to examine the feasibility, acceptability, and uptake of the MENTUPP intervention across the target SMEs. The findings will contribute to devising the protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial (cRCT) of the MENTUPP intervention. Findings from this study will also be used to inform the optimisation phase of the MENTUPP intervention which will aim to improve the materials and the implementation of the intervention as well as enhancing the evaluation strategy which will be employed for the cRCT.
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Zerguine H, Goode AD, Abbott A, Johnston V, Healy GN. Factors impacting workplace investment in sit-stand workstations from the perspective of purchasing decision-makers. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2022; 98:103558. [PMID: 34411850 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This explanatory sequential mixed-method study explored the factors associated with the investment (or not) in sit-stand workstations (SSWs) and alternative initiatives to reduce prolonged sitting at work from the perspective of furniture purchasing decision-makers in Australian workplaces. Participants (n = 270) from >200 organisations across 19 industry sectors completed an online survey. Seven interviews were conducted in a sub-sample of participants from organisations without SSWs. The majority (80%) of workplaces reported having invested in SSWs. Workplaces without SSWs, opposed to those with SSWs, were more likely to be private (79.6% vs. 43.5%), of small/medium size (70.4% vs. 35.6%) and without a wellness program (57.4% vs. 22.2%) (all p < 0.05). Financial implications were the main reason for not investing in SSWs. Exercise and stretch breaks were alternative initiatives to reducing sedentary behaviour at work. Better evidence on the return on investment is needed to support purchasing decisions on SSWs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroun Zerguine
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.
| | - Ana D Goode
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia
| | - Alison Abbott
- Workplace Health and Safety Queensland, Office of Industrial Relations, Queensland Government, Australia
| | - Venerina Johnston
- The University of Queensland, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, St Lucia, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Genevieve N Healy
- The University of Queensland, School of Public Health, Herston, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia; Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia; School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia
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Systematic review with analysis of bias and quality of interventions in the food environment of the workplace and their impact on the nutritional status of workers. NUTR HOSP 2022; 39:1153-1165. [DOI: 10.20960/nh.04198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Takano Y, Iwano S, Aoki S, Nakano N, Sakano Y. A systematic review of the effect of sleep interventions on presenteeism. Biopsychosoc Med 2021; 15:21. [PMID: 34789296 PMCID: PMC8597302 DOI: 10.1186/s13030-021-00224-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Sleep problems interfere with work performance. Decreased work productivity due to health problems is defined as presenteeism. Although empirical data on the improvement of presenteeism by sleep interventions have been published, a systematic review elucidating whether there is a difference in the improvement of presenteeism across various types of sleep interventions has not yet been published. This systematic review of studies aimed to clarify which sleep interventions are more likely to be effective in improving presenteeism. Methods The electronic databases PubMed, PsycINFO, and MEDLINE were used to perform a literature search (the start and end search dates were October 20, 2019, and March 11, 2020, respectively). A combination of terms such as “employee*,” “sleep,” “insomnia,” and “presenteeism” was used for the search. Both randomized and non-randomized control trials were included in this systematic review. Results Six types of sleep interventions were identified, including cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I), sleep hygiene education, yoga, mindfulness, weight loss program, and changing the color temperature of fluorescent lights in the workplace. Only CBT-I improved both sleep problems and presenteeism compared with a control group. The results of this review also show that there is heterogeneity in the measurement of presenteeism. Conclusions The results of this systematic review suggested that CBT-I could be adapted for workers with sleep problems and presenteeism. We discussed whether CBT-I improved both sleep problems and presenteeism compared with other interventions. In addition, methods for measuring presenteeism in future research are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Takano
- Department of Psychology, Fukuyama University, 985-1 Sanzo, Higashimura-Cho, Fukuyama, Hiroshima, 729-0292, Japan. .,Graduate School of Psychological Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 2-5 Ainosato, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 002-8072, Japan.
| | - Suguru Iwano
- Faculty of Welfare and Health Science, Oita University, 700 Dannoharu, Oita City, Oita, 870-1192, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Aoki
- Center for Medical Education and Career Development, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.,Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University, 1 Hikarigaoka, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
| | - Norihito Nakano
- School of Psychological Science, Health Sciences University of Hokkaido, 2-5 Ainosato, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 002-8072, Japan
| | - Yuji Sakano
- Sapporo CBT & EAP Center, Goryokai Medical Corporation, Shinoro 8-jo 6-chome 7-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 002-8028, Japan
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Knani M, Fournier PS, Biron C. Revisiting presenteeism to broaden its conceptualization: A qualitative study. Work 2021; 70:547-559. [PMID: 34657864 DOI: 10.3233/wor-213591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Presenteeism is generally viewed as a symptom of organizational or individual dysfunction and is rarely considered as a behavioral response to positive triggering factors. Our study examines this issue in small enterprises (SEs), which are an unexplored environment in terms of presenteeism. OBJECTIVE Through in-depth analysis, this study aims to understand the positive and negative factors that impact presenteeism in the context of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), with a particular focus on SEs. METHODS We adopt a qualitative methodological approach in which we conducted 17 semi-structured interviews with employees and owner-managers of SEs with between 20 and 49 employees. RESULTS Our thematic analysis shows that presenteeism can be explained by factors related to pressure to attend work, by individuals' constraints and commitment, by organizational and individual characteristics and by a congenial work environment. Presenteeism can also be a type of "therapy" which helps individuals to avoid focusing on being sick and enables them to stay active and avoid social isolation. CONCLUSIONS Our study differs from earlier research by providing a more in-depth analysis of the positive and negative factors that trigger presenteeism. This article will help to expand the current theoretical knowledge about presenteeism and encourage a more holistic interpretation of the phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouna Knani
- HEC Montreal, Chemin de la Côte-Sainte-Catherine, Montréal, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Biron
- Faculty of Business Administration, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
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Zusman EZ, Kapanen AI, Klaassen A, Reardon J. Workplace cardiovascular risk reduction by healthcare professionals-a systematic review. Occup Med (Lond) 2021; 71:270-276. [PMID: 34415353 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqab104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease has a significant impact on public health and is largely preventable by addressing modifiable risk factors. As most adults spend on average half of their waking hours at work, this provides a significant opportunity to address modifiable risk factors through health promotion interventions. Healthcare professionals have the knowledge and skills to provide workplace interventions aimed at cardiovascular risk reduction. AIMS This study was aimed to assess the literature regarding the effect of workplace interventions led by healthcare professionals on cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO and SPORTDiscus were systematically searched from inception to March 2021. Included studies evaluated impact of workplace interventions by healthcare professionals on cardiovascular health. Data on study design, baseline characteristics, interventions, outcomes and conclusions were extracted and qualitatively analysed. RESULTS Forty-five studies representing 77 633 participants were included in the analysis. Healthcare professionals involved included: nurses, nurse practitioners, physicians, dietitians, pharmacists, physician assistants, medical technicians/emergency medical technicians and physiotherapists. Workplace interventions by healthcare professionals generally improved surrogate markers of cardiovascular health. Success varied based on provider and nature of the intervention. Addressing motivation and including follow-up were key factors for successful intervention to reduce cardiovascular risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Workplace health promotion initiatives delivered by healthcare professionals may improve cardiovascular risk markers if they are evidence based and customized for target populations. More research is needed to determine clinical relevance of interventions and ideal interventions for specific employee groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Z Zusman
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A I Kapanen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - A Klaassen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - J Reardon
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Clemente G, Giorgini M, Della Pia N, Cerbara L, Liuzzi R, Cipriano P, Riccardi G, Vaccaro O. Effectiveness on major cardiovascular risk factors of an educational program to promote a Mediterranean type of diet among the employees of the company FCA Italia S.p.A. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2021; 179:109009. [PMID: 34411623 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2021.109009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The educational program implemented at the Pratola Serra (Avellino, Italy) facility of the company FCA (Fiat Chrysler Automobiles), had as its goal to raise awareness among people to adopt behaviors inspired by the principles of a Mediterranean diet, physical activity and prevention of the main cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS The educational program was implemented in two different ways in order to compare, according to an intervention-control scheme, the performance of the subgroups and the effect of the types of intervention. On both groups measurements of the vital parameters were carried out and compared by means of statistical probabilistic tests. RESULTS The educational intervention was shown to be effective in: encouraging healthy food choices both in the workplace and at home (with a statistically significant reduction in caloric intake, animal protein, saturated fatty acids, cholesterol and glycemic load and an increase in vegetable proteins), significantly increasing physical activity and reducing body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol and blood glucose in the participants. CONCLUSIONS The educational campaign proved effective in increasing the well-being of the participants, confirming the effectiveness of a multifactorial intervention based on the promotion of a dietary model rather than individual foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gennaro Clemente
- IRPPS-Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies of the Italian National Research Council, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Marisa Giorgini
- IRPPS-Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies of the Italian National Research Council, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Nila Della Pia
- IRPPS-Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies of the Italian National Research Council, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Loredana Cerbara
- IRPPS-Institute for Research on Population and Social Policies of the Italian National Research Council, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Raffaele Liuzzi
- IBB-Institute of Biostructure and Bioimaging, of the Italian National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Paola Cipriano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriele Riccardi
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Olga Vaccaro
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Peñalvo JL, Sagastume D, Mertens E, Uzhova I, Smith J, Wu JHY, Bishop E, Onopa J, Shi P, Micha R, Mozaffarian D. Effectiveness of workplace wellness programmes for dietary habits, overweight, and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. LANCET PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 6:e648-e660. [PMID: 34454642 PMCID: PMC8627548 DOI: 10.1016/s2468-2667(21)00140-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The workplace offers a unique opportunity for effective health
promotion. We aimed to comprehensively study the effectiveness of
multicomponent worksite wellness programmes for improving diet and
cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods We did a systematic literature review and meta-analysis, following
PRISMA guidelines. We searched PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase, the Cochrane Library,
Web of Science, and Education Resources Information Center, from Jan 1,
1990, to June 30, 2020, for studies with controlled evaluation designs that
assessed multicomponent workplace wellness programmes. Investigators
independently appraised the evidence and extracted the data. Outcomes were
dietary factors, anthropometric measures, and cardiometabolic risk factors.
Pooled effects were calculated by inverse-variance random-effects
meta-analysis. Potential sources of heterogeneity and study biases were
evaluated. Findings From 10 169 abstracts reviewed, 121 studies (82 [68%] randomised
controlled trials and 39 [32%] quasi-experimental interventions) met the
eligibility criteria. Most studies were done in North America (57 [47%]),
and Europe, Australia, or New Zealand (36 [30%]). The median number of
participants was 413·0 (IQR 124·0–904·0), and
median duration of intervention was 9·0 months
(4·5–18·0). Workplace wellness programmes improved
fruit and vegetable consumption (0·27 servings per day [95% CI
0·16 to 0·37]), fruit consumption (0·20 servings per
day [0·11 to 0·28]), body-mass index (−0·22
kg/m2 [−0·28 to −0·17]), waist
circumference (−1·47 cm [−1·96 to
−0·98]), systolic blood pressure (−2·03 mm Hg
[−3·16 to −0·89]), and LDL cholesterol
(−5·18 mg/dL [−7·83 to −2·53]),
and to a lesser extent improved total fat intake (−1·18% of
daily energy intake [−1·78 to −0·58]), saturated
fat intake (−0·70% of daily energy [−1·22 to
−0·18]), bodyweight (−0·92 kg
[−1·11 to −0·72]), diastolic blood pressure
(−1·11 mm Hg [−1·78 to −0·44]),
fasting blood glucose (−1·81 mg/dL [−3·33 to
−0·28]), HDL cholesterol (1·11 mg/dL [0·48 to
1·74]), and triglycerides (−5·38 mg/dL
[−9·18 to −1·59]). No significant benefits were
observed for intake of vegetables (0·03 servings per day [95% CI
−0·04 to 0·10]), fibre (0·26 g per day
[−0·15 to 0·67]), polyunsaturated fat
(−0·23% of daily energy [−0·59 to 0·13]),
or for body fat (−0·80% [−1·80 to 0·21]),
waist-to-hip ratio (−0·00 ratio [−0·01 to
0·00]), or lean mass (1·01 kg [−0·82 to
2·83]). Heterogeneity values ranged from 46·9% to
91·5%. Between-study differences in outcomes were not significantly
explained by study design, location, population, or similar factors in
heterogeneity analyses. Interpretation Workplace wellness programmes are associated with improvements in
specific dietary, anthropometric, and cardiometabolic risk indicators. The
heterogeneity identified in study designs and results should be considered
when using these programmes as strategies to improve cardiometabolic
health.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Peñalvo
- Non-Communicable Diseases Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium; Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Diana Sagastume
- Non-Communicable Diseases Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Elly Mertens
- Non-Communicable Diseases Unit, Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Irina Uzhova
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, Sligo, Ireland
| | - Jessica Smith
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Bell Institute of Health and Nutrition, General Mills, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Jason H Y Wu
- George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Eve Bishop
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jennifer Onopa
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Peilin Shi
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Renata Micha
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Thessaly, Thessaly, Greece
| | - Dariush Mozaffarian
- Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA, USA
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Merrill RM, Aldana SG. Participation in the Healthy Rewards Program Predicts Staying Employed, Medical Costs, and Utilization. J Occup Environ Med 2021; 63:e490-e494. [PMID: 34397662 DOI: 10.1097/jom.0000000000002260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify who is participating in the healthy rewards program (HRP), how participation corresponds with employment, and to compare health care costs and utilization between partial and full participants with non-participants. METHODS A retrospective analysis of employees in a large US company during 2016 to 2019, with statistically significant results reported, adjusted for sex, age, and year. RESULTS Women, ages 30 to 59, and those employed in more recent years correspond with higher HRP participation. Participants were 15.7% more likely to remain employed from year to year. Compared with non-participants, partial and full participants experienced $740.43 and $884.07 lower annual costs. If all employees experienced the same health care costs as non-participants, partial participants, and full participants, there would be an 8% increase, 13% decrease, and 17% decrease in costs, respectively. CONCLUSIONS HRP participation is a marker of interest in healthier living.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ray M Merrill
- Department of Public Health, Brigham Young University, Provo (Dr Merrill); and Wellsteps, Mapleton, Utah (Dr Aldana)
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Sohrabi MS, Babamiri M. Effectiveness of an ergonomics training program on musculoskeletal disorders, job stress, quality of work-life and productivity in office workers: a quasi-randomized control trial study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND ERGONOMICS 2021; 28:1664-1671. [PMID: 33870873 DOI: 10.1080/10803548.2021.1918930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. The increasing prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs), especially in the neck and upper limbs, among office workers is an important issue related to health and job productivity. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of an ergonomics training intervention on MSDs, quality of work-life and occupational psychosocial stresses among office workers. Methods. This quasi-randomized trial study was conducted in Isfahan, Iran in 2019. Outcome measures were measured in a follow-up period of 1, 3 and 6 months after the intervention. The results were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance. Results. The interventions performed had a significant effect on neck, left shoulder, right wrist and left thigh discomfort. These interventions also had a significant effect on social support and physical job demands. Significant changes were detected in quality of work-life, chance of growth and security, social integration in organization and social relevance of work in life, although these changes decreased in quality of work-life. No significant differences were detected in the other measured outcomes. Conclusion. The implementation of ergonomic interventions was effective in reducing MSDs in the neck and upper limbs. It is recommended to conduct continuous training courses to control the risk of ergonomic factors affecting body discomfort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammad Babamiri
- School of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran
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Min A, Kang M, Hong HC. Sickness Presenteeism in Shift and Non-Shift Nurses: Using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18063236. [PMID: 33800982 PMCID: PMC8004057 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18063236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Nurses have reported higher rates of sickness presenteeism than other workers, which is particularly problematic because this problem is linked to care quality and patient safety. This secondary data analysis study aimed to identify the prevalence of sickness presenteeism and explore related factors among shift and non-shift nurses using the Fifth Korean Working Conditions Survey. A total of 272 nurses in Korean hospitals were included. The survey included questions on working conditions, health status, and sickness presenteeism. A multivariate logistic regression was used to identify associated factors of sickness presenteeism. Overall, 21.8% of the participants reported experiencing sickness presenteeism; shift nurses experienced more sickness presenteeism than non-shift nurses. Sickness presenteeism was greater in shift nurses who did not have rest breaks during work and in nurses who experienced quick return. Additionally, the odds of sickness presenteeism were approximately four times greater in shift nurses who experienced sleep disturbance and about four times higher in shift nurses who experienced health problems. Among non-shift nurses, the odds of sickness presenteeism were about 15 times greater in those who worked ≥53 h per week. Nurse managers and administrators should prevent sickness presenteeism in hospital nurses to provide quality care and enhance productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ari Min
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
| | - Minkyung Kang
- College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-53-258-7657
| | - Hye Chong Hong
- Department of Nursing, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Korea; (A.M.); (H.C.H.)
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Power BT, Kiezebrink K, Allan JL, Campbell MK. Development of a behaviour change workplace-based intervention to improve nurses' eating and physical activity. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2021; 7:53. [PMID: 33602340 PMCID: PMC7891147 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-021-00789-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is a critical need for an intervention to improve nurses' eating and physical activity behaviours. As nurses spend a substantial proportion of their waking hours at work, concerted efforts to deliver such interventions in the workplace is growing. This study formed part of a multiphase programme of research that aimed to systematically develop an evidence-based and theory-informed workplace intervention to promote changes in eating and physical activity among nurses. METHODS The intervention was developed iteratively, in line with Medical Research Council complex intervention guidelines. It involved four activities: (1) identifying the evidence base, (2) understanding the determinants of nurses' eating and physical activity behaviour change through theory-based qualitative interviews and survey, (3) identifying intervention options using the Behaviour Change Wheel, and (4) specifying intervention content and implementation options using a taxonomy of behaviour change techniques. RESULTS Data from 13 randomised controlled trials indicated that workplace-based behaviour change interventions targeted to this population are effective in changing behaviour. The evidence base was, however, limited in quantity and quality. Nurses' beliefs about important factors determining their eating and physical activity behaviour were identified across 16 qualitative interviews and 245 survey responses, and key determinants included environmental context and resources, behavioural regulation, emotion, beliefs about consequences, knowledge and optimism. Based on these findings, 22 behaviour change techniques suitable for targeting the identified determinants were identified and combined into a potential workplace intervention. CONCLUSIONS An evidence-based and theory-informed intervention tailored to the target population and setting has been explicitly conceptualised using a systematic approach. The proposed intervention addresses previous evidence gaps for the user population of nurses. Further to this, such an intervention, if implemented, has the potential to impact nurses' eating and physical activity behaviours and in turn, the health of nurses and the quality of healthcare delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian T. Power
- Department of Health and Nutritional Sciences, Institute of Technology Sligo, F91 YW50, Sligo, Republic of Ireland
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland UK
- Nutrition and Dietetics, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust (UCLH), London, NW1 2BU UK
| | - Kirsty Kiezebrink
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Aberdeen, Scotland UK
| | - Julia L. Allan
- Health Psychology, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, Aberdeen, Scotland UK
| | - Marion K. Campbell
- Health Services Research Unit, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD Scotland UK
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Kapanen AI, Conklin AI, Gobis B, Leung L, Yuen J, Zed PJ. Pharmacist-led cardiovascular risk prevention in Western Canada: a qualitative study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACY PRACTICE 2021; 29:45-54. [PMID: 32779329 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Preventing cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is a public health and policy priority, including for employers. A novel CVD risk management programme that included medication management was delivered by pharmacists to employees of a Canadian university. This qualitative study describes the experiences and perceptions of participants who received individual health consultations in this programme. METHODS A qualitative study design using free-text responses was adopted. Data (5658 words) came from evaluation surveys completed by 119 programme participants were iteratively coded and thematically analysed. KEY FINDINGS We identified four themes characterising participant experiences of pharmacist-led CVD prevention. Theme one was labelled self-efficacy because personalised health information and advice on CVD risk factor management empowered participants to make improvements for their health. Participants expressed a range of positive responses about the longer consultations, supportive communication and safe setting of their pharmacist-led encounters; hence, Theme two is labelled pharmacists' interpersonal skills. The wider context of the programme included a number of enabling factors (Theme three) that either supported or limited participant engagement in the programme. A number of changes to behaviour and health measures were identified and participant suggestions to expand and continue the programme further contributed to perceptions of positive programme impact (Theme four). CONCLUSIONS This study raises questions about how external resources and broader determinants might enable, or hinder, future programme success and sustainability. It also highlights the need for greater understanding and communication of the importance of primary prevention and the role of pharmacists in CVD risk reduction and workplace health promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita I Kapanen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Annalijn I Conklin
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Centre for Health Evaluation and Outcome Sciences, Providence Healthcare Research Institute, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Barbara Gobis
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Larry Leung
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jamie Yuen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Peter J Zed
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.,Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Tong B, Kapanen AI, Yuen J. Third-party Reimbursement of Pharmacist-Led Cardiovascular and Diabetes Preventive Health Services for Workplace Health Initiatives: A Narrative Systematic Review. Innov Pharm 2021; 12. [PMID: 34007673 PMCID: PMC8102965 DOI: 10.24926/iip.v12i1.3591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To summarize available literature describing third-party payer reimbursement models for pharmacist-led preventive health services as part of workplace health initiatives. Methods: A combination of search terms related to pharmacists, preventive health, and third-party reimbursement were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and PubMed. Included studies described community pharmacist-led cardiovascular and diabetes preventive health service to employees older than 18 years of age as part of a workplace health program with corresponding third-party reimbursement models. Programs that were reimbursed by government resources or studies lacking reimbursement model details were excluded. One reviewer performed level 1 screening and three reviewers analyzed included studies. Results: The search criteria yielded 863 results. Sixteen articles were reviewed after level 1 screening and 13 were ineligible and excluded. Three studies with varying quality of reporting were included. Reimbursement models varied from $40 USD for a 20-minute visit to $391 to $552 USD total per patient with an average of 6 visits per patient. Conclusion: There is a lack of quality literature describing third-party reimbursement models for pharmacist-led preventive health services, which hinders the ability to implement a standardized model. High quality studies evaluating the cost of reimbursing pharmacist-led cardiovascular preventive health services compared to the savings to the third-party payer should be performed to inform the standardization of payment models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon Tong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Anita I Kapanen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Jamie Yuen
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, 2405 Wesbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Organizational and Individual Outcomes of Health Promotion Strategies-A Review of Empirical Research. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18020383. [PMID: 33419033 PMCID: PMC7825322 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of the paper is to identify the outcomes for employers and employees indicated in research related to workplace health promotion interventions (WHPIs). We investigated what methods are used and what types of organization this type of research is most often carried out in. In addition, the authors attempted to assess to what extent the methods used in the previous research prove the effectiveness of the implemented WHPIs. A systematic review of English-language papers (2000–2020) focused on types of health-promoting interventions in the workplace, and outcomes for employers and employees were conducted using the SCOPUS database (n = 260). As a result, 29 texts qualified for a final qualitative synthesis of the results. The analyses were most frequently conducted in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. In order to draw conclusions, analyses were made by classifying the research presented in the texts according to the type of intervention implemented, classifying the outcomes identified, and indicating the type of evaluation made by the researcher. The analysis showed that most of the outcomes presented refer to changes in the strategy and organizational culture, as well as the behavior of employees. In 18 studies, the indication of outcomes resulted directly from the evaluation outcomes. In other cases, the outcomes were identified by an evaluation of the process or structure of WHPI. The conducted analysis showed significant diversity in terms of the outcomes measured and the research methods used. The quasi-experimental methods, randomly controlled cluster trials, or cross-sectorial studies used in the study to confirm the effectiveness of WHPI were used only in every third study. In these studies, measurements were usually performed twice: at baseline and after intervention. The majority of studies confirmed that WHPIs led to a positive change in the healthy behavior of employees and effected an organizational change, and more rarely led to savings or a reduction in costs resulting from sickness absenteeism, presentism, turnover, etc., and return on investment (ROI). The article shows the need to conduct further research towards the development of guidelines for the evaluation of the effectiveness of implemented programs.
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Pronk NP. Addressing sedentary behavior at the worksite: is it time for practice-guided and systems-informed research? INDUSTRIAL HEALTH 2021; 59:63-65. [PMID: 33762516 PMCID: PMC8010162 DOI: 10.2486/indhealth.59_200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolaas P Pronk
- HealthPartners Institute, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, USA
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, USA
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Zhao Y, He L, Han C, Oldenburg B, Sum G, Haregu TN, Liu X. Urban-rural differences in the impacts of multiple chronic disease on functional limitations and work productivity among Chinese adults. Glob Health Action 2021; 14:1975921. [PMID: 34530701 PMCID: PMC8451617 DOI: 10.1080/16549716.2021.1975921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic disease multimorbidity has become a major challenge for health systems. While a lot of research has evaluated the direct economic burden of multimorbidity on health care utilization and cost, little attention has been given to the impacts on work productivity and functional limitations, as indirect indicators of disease burden. OBJECTIVES This study aims to examine the prevalence of multimorbidity among Chinese adults and its impact on functional disability and work productivity. It also investigates urban-rural differences in these relationships. METHOD This study utilized the data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) in 2015, including 11,176 participants aged 45 years and older. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to estimate the effect of multimorbidity on functional disability (i.e. ADL: activities of daily life; IADL: instrumental activities of daily life), and work productivity loss due to health problems. Negative binomial regression models were used to assess the association of multimorbidity with sickness absences from agricultural work and employed non-agricultural work. RESULTS 68.8% of total participants in CHARLS had multimorbidity in China in 2015. Rural residents with multimorbidity reported higher proportions of physical functions and days of sick leave than urban residents. Multimorbidity was positively associated with ADL limitation (odds ratio 1.924, 95% CI 1.656-2.236), IADL limitation (1.522, 1.326-1.748), limited work due to health problems (1.868, 1.601-2.178) and days of sick leave (for agricultural work, incidence rate ratio 1.676, 95% CI 1.390-2.020; for employed non-agricultural work, 2.418, 1.245-4.696). For the rural group, the impact of multimorbidity on functional limitations and work productivity loss (except for early retirement), was less than the urban group. CONCLUSIONS Multimorbidity poses significant challenges for functional health and work productivity These have significant negative economic consequences for individuals, the Chinese health system and the society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- The George Institute for Global Health at Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Li He
- College of Physical Education and Sport, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlei Han
- College of Public Health and Management, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, China
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Brian Oldenburg
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Academic Research Collaboration in Health, Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grace Sum
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Xiaoyun Liu
- China Centre for Health Development Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China
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