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Rojas-Solé C, Pinilla-González V, Lillo-Moya J, González-Fernández T, Saso L, Rodrigo R. Integrated approach to reducing polypharmacy in older people: exploring the role of oxidative stress and antioxidant potential therapy. Redox Rep 2024; 29:2289740. [PMID: 38108325 PMCID: PMC10732214 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2023.2289740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Increased life expectancy, attributed to improved access to healthcare and drug development, has led to an increase in multimorbidity, a key contributor to polypharmacy. Polypharmacy is characterised by its association with a variety of adverse events in the older persons. The mechanisms involved in the development of age-related chronic diseases are largely unknown; however, altered redox homeostasis due to ageing is one of the main theories. In this context, the present review explores the development and interaction between different age-related diseases, mainly linked by oxidative stress. In addition, drug interactions in the treatment of various diseases are described, emphasising that the holistic management of older people and their pathologies should prevail over the individual treatment of each condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Rojas-Solé
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Víctor Pinilla-González
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - José Lillo-Moya
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Tommy González-Fernández
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luciano Saso
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “Vittorio Erspamer”, Faculty of Pharmacy and Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
| | - Ramón Rodrigo
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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2
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Hareru HE, Ashuro Z, Debela BG, Abebe M. Obstetric fistula repair failure and its associated factors among women who underwent repair in sub-Saharan Africa. A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0295000. [PMID: 38315695 PMCID: PMC10843137 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obstetric fistula repair failure can result in increased depression, social isolation, financial burden for the woman, and fistula care programs. However, there is limited, comprehensive evidence on obstetric fistula repair failure in Sub-Saharan African countries. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to determine the pooled prevalence of obstetric fistula repair failure and associated factors among women who underwent surgical repair in Sub-Saharan African countries. METHODS To identify potential articles, a systematic search was done utilizing online databases (PubMed, Hinari, and Google Scholar). The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Statement (PRISMA) guideline was used to report the review's findings. I2 test statistics were employed to examine study heterogeneity. A random-effects model was used to assess the pooled prevalence of obstetric fistula repair failure, and the association was determined using the log odds ratio. Publication bias was investigated using the funnel plot and Egger's statistical test at the 5% level of significance. Meta-regression and subgroup analysis were done to identify potential sources of heterogeneity. The data were analyzed using STATA version 17 statistical software. RESULTS A total of 24 articles with 9866 study participants from 13 Sub-Saharan African countries were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of obstetric fistula repair failure in sub-Saharan Africa was 24.92% [95% CI: 20.34-29.50%]. The sub-group analysis by country revealed that the highest prevalence was in Angola (58%, 95% CI: 53.20-62.80%) and the lowest in Rwanda (13.9, 95% CI: 9.79-18.01%). Total urethral damage [OR = 3.50, 95% CI: 2.09, 4.91], large fistula [OR = 3.09, 95% CI: (2.00, 4.10)], duration of labor [OR = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.27, 0.76], and previous fistula repair [OR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.94, 3.45] were factors associated with obstetric fistula repair failure. CONCLUSION Women who received surgical treatment for obstetric fistulas in Sub-Saharan African countries experienced more repair failures than the WHO standards. Obstetric fistula repair failure was affected by urethral damage, fistula size, duration of labor, types of fistula, and history of previous repairs. Therefore, we suggest policy measures specific to each country to provide special attention to the prevention of all risk factors, including poor nutrition, multiparty, obstructed labor, and maternal age, which can result in conditions like large fistulas, urethral damage, and repeat repair, in order to reduce obstetric fistula repair failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Endashaw Hareru
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Zemachu Ashuro
- Department of Environmental Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Berhanu Gidisa Debela
- School of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Abebe
- Department of Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dilla University, Dilla, Ethiopia
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3
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Gelashe TA, Teklehaymanot AN, Worku BT. Sexual Satisfaction among Married Women in Tiro Afeta District: A Cross-sectional Study. Ethiop J Health Sci 2023; 33:657-670. [PMID: 38784207 PMCID: PMC11111186 DOI: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i4.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sexual satisfaction is directly related to marital sustainability and quality of life. This study assessed the magnitude of sexual satisfaction and associated factors among married women. Methods A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18 to June 8/2021 using mixed data collection methods. The sample was calculated using single population proportion formula for the quantitative part while data saturation was applied for the qualitative part. Simple random and purposive sampling techniques were used to get participants for the quantitative and the qualitative parts respectively. The quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 25, and the qualitative data were analyzed manually. Ordinal logistic regression was applied to explore the model. P-value <0.05 and AOR with a 95%CI were used to identify the statistical significance of the association. Result About 398 married women participated in the study, making a response rate of 94.3% and 44.7% of them were moderately satisfied with their sexual life. Sexual satisfaction among the married women was significantly associated negatively with attending elementary education 99.9% [AOR=0.1, 95%CI:0.0,0.4)], positively with having social responsibility 19[AOR=19.3, 95%CI: 1.8, 28.3], and negatively with having poor sexual attitude 97%[AOR=0.1, 95%CI: 0.0, 0.3]. The qualitative finding showed that the majority of women engage in sexual intercourse for the satisfaction of their partners, without their needs. Conclusion Sexual satisfaction among married women was low in the study area. Comprehensive sexual and reproductive health awareness and strengthening of the prevention of harmful traditional practices are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Bekelu Teka Worku
- Jimma University, Department of Population and Family Health, Ethiopia
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4
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Park B, Heo SJ, Lee YJ, Seo MK, Hong J, Shin EC, Jung I, Kim S. HLA-I-restricted CD8 + T cell immunity may accelerate tumorigenesis in conjunction with VHL inactivation. iScience 2022; 25:104467. [PMID: 35677644 PMCID: PMC9167969 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CD8+ T cells recognize and kill tumor cells with HLA-I tumor antigens in early tumorigenesis, the efficiency of which differs according to antigen-recognition coverage, as shown in earlier tumor onset in HLA-I homozygosity. However, the universality of these associations remains unknown. Here, we assessed the tumor type and driver mutation specificity in the association between tumor onset age and HLA-I zygosity. Statistical analyses identified an unexpected negative relationship in tumors with VHL biallelic loss, wherein HLA-I heterozygosity was associated with earlier tumor onset, while all others showed either no or a positive association. Testing on an independent dataset reproduced the VHL-dependent acceleration of tumor onset in the HLA-I heterozygous group, confirming the association. Further speculation proposed VEGF-A-mediated T cell exhaustion under VHL inactivation as a potential mechanism. Our findings suggest that CD8+ T cell immunity in early tumor suppression can be conditional to the genetic status of tumors and may even lead to adverse consequences. HLA homozygosity reduces antigen coverage and is associated with earlier tumor onset Tumors with VHL−/−, such as ccRCC, have the opposite association In VHL−/− tumors, CD8+ T cell immunity may have adverse effects in imunosurveillance
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Affiliation(s)
- BeumJin Park
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seok-Jae Heo
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Joon Lee
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Kyoung Seo
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyun Hong
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eui-Cheol Shin
- Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Inkyung Jung
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sangwoo Kim
- Department of Biomedical Systems Informatics and Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Marcu A, Schlosser A, Keupp A, Trautwein N, Johann P, Wölfl M, Lager J, Monoranu CM, Walz JS, Henkel LM, Krauß J, Ebinger M, Schuhmann M, Thomale UW, Pietsch T, Klinker E, Schlegel PG, Oyen F, Reisner Y, Rammensee HG, Eyrich M. Natural and cryptic peptides dominate the immunopeptidome of atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumors. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:jitc-2021-003404. [PMID: 34599019 PMCID: PMC8488729 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-003404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumors (AT/RT) are highly aggressive CNS tumors of infancy and early childhood. Hallmark is the surprisingly simple genome with inactivating mutations or deletions in the SMARCB1 gene as the oncogenic driver. Nevertheless, AT/RTs are infiltrated by immune cells and even clonally expanded T cells. However, it is unclear which epitopes T cells might recognize on AT/RT cells. Methods Here, we report a comprehensive mass spectrometry (MS)-based analysis of naturally presented human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and class II ligands on 23 AT/RTs. MS data were validated by matching with a human proteome dataset and exclusion of peptides that are part of the human benignome. Cryptic peptide ligands were identified using Peptide-PRISM. Results Comparative HLA ligandome analysis of the HLA ligandome revealed 55 class I and 139 class II tumor-exclusive peptides. No peptide originated from the SMARCB1 region. In addition, 61 HLA class I tumor-exclusive peptide sequences derived from non-canonically translated proteins. Combination of peptides from natural and cryptic class I and class II origin gave optimal representation of tumor cell compartments. Substantial overlap existed with the cryptic immunopeptidome of glioblastomas, but no concordance was found with extracranial tumors. More than 80% of AT/RT exclusive peptides were able to successfully prime CD8+ T cells, whereas naturally occurring memory responses in AT/RT patients could only be detected for class II epitopes. Interestingly, >50% of AT/RT exclusive class II ligands were also recognized by T cells from glioblastoma patients but not from healthy donors. Conclusions These findings highlight that AT/RTs, potentially paradigmatic for other pediatric tumors with a low mutational load, present a variety of highly immunogenic HLA class I and class II peptides from canonical as well as non-canonical protein sources. Inclusion of such cryptic peptides into therapeutic vaccines would enable an optimized mapping of the tumor cell surface, thereby reducing the likelihood of immune evasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Marcu
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | | | - Anne Keupp
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nico Trautwein
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Pascal Johann
- Swabian Children's Cancer Center, Augsburg, Germany.,DKFZ Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Wölfl
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Johanna Lager
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Camelia Maria Monoranu
- Department of Neuropathology, Institute for Pathology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Juliane S Walz
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany.,Cluster of Excellence iFIT (EXC2180), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Dr. Margarete Fischer-Bosch Institute of Clinical Pharmacology and Robert Bosch Center for Tumor Diseases (RBCT), Stuttgart, Germany.,Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), University Hospital of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lisa M Henkel
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Krauß
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Ebinger
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Martin Schuhmann
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Torsten Pietsch
- Institute of Neuropathology, DGNN Brain Tumor Reference Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Erdwine Klinker
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paul G Schlegel
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Florian Oyen
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Yair Reisner
- Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Matthias Eyrich
- University Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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6
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Freudenmann LK, Marcu A, Stevanović S. Mapping the tumour human leukocyte antigen (HLA) ligandome by mass spectrometry. Immunology 2018; 154:331-345. [PMID: 29658117 DOI: 10.1111/imm.12936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The entirety of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-presented peptides is referred to as the HLA ligandome of a cell or tissue, in tumours often termed immunopeptidome. Mapping the tumour immunopeptidome by mass spectrometry (MS) comprehensively views the pathophysiologically relevant antigenic signature of human malignancies. MS is an unbiased approach stringently filtering the candidates to be tested as opposed to epitope prediction algorithms. In the setting of peptide-specific immunotherapies, MS-based strategies significantly diminish the risk of lacking clinical benefit, as they yield highly enriched amounts of truly presented peptides. Early immunopeptidomic efforts were severely limited by technical sensitivity and manual spectra interpretation. The technological progress with development of orbitrap mass analysers and enhanced chromatographic performance led to vast improvements in mass accuracy, sensitivity, resolution, and speed. Concomitantly, bioinformatic tools were developed to process MS data, integrate sequencing results, and deconvolute multi-allelic datasets. This enabled the immense advancement of tumour immunopeptidomics. Studying the HLA-presented peptide repertoire bears high potential for both answering basic scientific questions and translational application. Mapping the tumour HLA ligandome has started to significantly contribute to target identification for the design of peptide-specific cancer immunotherapies in clinical trials and compassionate need treatments. In contrast to prediction algorithms, rare HLA allotypes and HLA class II can be adequately addressed when choosing MS-guided target identification platforms. Herein, we review the identification of tumour HLA ligands focusing on sources, methods, bioinformatic data analysis, translational application, and provide an outlook on future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Katharina Freudenmann
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ana Marcu
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stevanović
- Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, Department of Immunology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Tübingen, Germany
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7
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Wang J, Liu L, Qu Y, Xi W, Xia Y, Bai Q, Xiong Y, Long Q, Xu J, Guo J. HLA class I expression predicts prognosis and therapeutic benefits from tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma patients. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2018; 67:79-87. [PMID: 28918459 PMCID: PMC11028261 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-017-2064-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Classical HLA class I antigen is highly involved in antigen presentation and adaptive immune response against tumor. In this study, we explored its predictive value for treatment response and survival in metastatic renal-cell carcinoma (mRCC) patients. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN A TKI cohort of 111 mRCC patients treated with sunitinib or sorafenib and a non-TKI cohort of 160 mRCC patients treated with interleukin-2 or interferon-α-based immunotherapy at a single institution were retrospectively enrolled. HLA class I expression and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) density was assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. Association between HLA class I and CTL was also assessed in the TCGA KIRC cohort. RESULTS In the TKI cohort, down-regulated HLA class I was associated with lower objective response rate of TKI therapy (P = 0.004), shorter overall survival (OS) (P = 0.001), and shorter progression free survival (PFS) (P < 0.001). Multivariate Cox regression model defined HLA expression as an independent prognostic factor for both OS [hazard ratio 1.687 (95% CI 1.045-2.724), P = 0.032] and PFS [hazard ratio 2.139 (95% CI 1.376-3.326), P = 0.001]. In the non-TKI cohort, HLA class I was not significantly associated with survival. HLA class I expression was associated with CTL infiltration and function, and its prognostic value was more predominant in CTL high-density tumors (P < 0.001) rather than CTL low-density tumors (P = 0.294). CONCLUSIONS Classical HLA class I expression can serve as a potential predictive biomarker for TKI therapy in mRCC patients. Its predictive value was restricted in CTL high-density tumors. However, further external validations and functional investigations are still required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajun Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yang Qu
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Xi
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qi Bai
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ying Xiong
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qilai Long
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiejie Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, No. 138 Yixueyuan Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jianming Guo
- Department of Urology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, No. 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Kranz LM, Beck JD, Grunwitz C, Hotz C, Vormehr M, Diken M. CIMT 2017: Anniversary symposium - Report on the 15th CIMT Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2272-2279. [PMID: 28846471 PMCID: PMC5647989 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1358327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Kranz
- a BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Jan D Beck
- b TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | | | | | - Mathias Vormehr
- c BioNTech AG , Mainz , Germany.,d Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- b TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
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9
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Garcia PV, Seiva FRF, Carniato AP, de Mello Júnior W, Duran N, Macedo AM, de Oliveira AG, Romih R, Nunes IDS, Nunes ODS, Fávaro WJ. Increased toll-like receptors and p53 levels regulate apoptosis and angiogenesis in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: mechanism of action of P-MAPA biological response modifier. BMC Cancer 2016; 16:422. [PMID: 27389279 PMCID: PMC4937612 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-016-2474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The new modalities for treating patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) for whom BCG (Bacillus Calmette-Guerin) has failed or is contraindicated are recently increasing due to the development of new drugs. Although agents like mitomycin C and BCG are routinely used, there is a need for more potent and/or less-toxic agents. In this scenario, a new perspective is represented by P-MAPA (Protein Aggregate Magnesium-Ammonium Phospholinoleate-Palmitoleate Anhydride), developed by Farmabrasilis (non-profit research network). This study detailed and characterized the mechanisms of action of P-MAPA based on activation of mediators of Toll-like Receptors (TLRs) 2 and 4 signaling pathways and p53 in regulating angiogenesis and apoptosis in an animal model of NMIBC, as well as, compared these mechanisms with BCG treatment. RESULTS Our results demonstrated the activation of the immune system by BCG (MyD88-dependent pathway) resulted in increased inflammatory cytokines. However, P-MAPA intravesical immunotherapy led to distinct activation of TLRs 2 and 4-mediated innate immune system, resulting in increased interferons signaling pathway (TRIF-dependent pathway), which was more effective in the NMIBC treatment. Interferon signaling pathway activation induced by P-MAPA led to increase of iNOS protein levels, resulting in apoptosis and histopathological recovery. Additionally, P-MAPA immunotherapy increased wild-type p53 protein levels. The increased wild-type p53 protein levels were fundamental to NO-induced apoptosis and the up-regulation of BAX. Furthermore, interferon signaling pathway induction and increased p53 protein levels by P-MAPA led to important antitumor effects, not only suppressing abnormal cell proliferation, but also by preventing continuous expansion of tumor mass through suppression of angiogenesis, which was characterized by decreased VEGF and increased endostatin protein levels. CONCLUSIONS Thus, P-MAPA immunotherapy could be considered an important therapeutic strategy for NMIBC, as well as, opens a new perspective for treatment of patients that are refractory or resistant to BCG intravesical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Vianna Garcia
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | | | - Amanda Pocol Carniato
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
| | - Wilson de Mello Júnior
- />Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biosciences, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, SP Brazil
| | - Nelson Duran
- />Farmabrasilis R&D Division, Campinas, SP Brazil
- />NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
| | | | - Alexandre Gabarra de Oliveira
- />Department of Internal Medicine, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
- />Department of Physical Education, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rio Claro, SP Brazil
| | - Rok Romih
- />Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Wagner José Fávaro
- />Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. BOX 6109, zip code 13083-865 Campinas, São Paulo Brazil
- />Farmabrasilis R&D Division, Campinas, SP Brazil
- />NanoBioss, Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP Brazil
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10
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Semeniuk-Wojtaś A, Stec R, Szczylik C. Are primary renal cell carcinoma and metastases of renal cell carcinoma the same cancer? Urol Oncol 2016; 34:215-20. [PMID: 26850779 DOI: 10.1016/j.urolonc.2015.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2015] [Revised: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/21/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis is a process consisting of cells spreading from the primary site of the cancer to distant parts of the body. Our understanding of this spread is limited and molecular mechanisms causing particular characteristics of metastasis are still unknown. There is some evidence that primary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and metastases of RCC exhibit molecular differences that may effect on the biological characteristics of the tumor. Some authors have detected differences in clear cell and nonclear cell component between these 2 groups of tumors. Investigators have also determined that primary RCC and metastases of RCC diverge in their range of renal-specific markers and other protein expression, gene expression pattern, and microRNA expression. There are also certain proteins that are variously expressed in primary RCCs and their metastases and have effect on clinical outcome, e.g., endothelin receptor type B, phos-S6, and CD44. However, further studies are needed on large cohorts of patients to identify differences representing promising targets for prognostic purposes predicting disease-free survival and the metastatic burden of a patient as well as their suitability as potential therapeutic targets. To sum up, in this review we have attempted to summarize studies connected with differences between primary RCC and its metastases and their influence on the biological characteristics of renal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rafał Stec
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Cezary Szczylik
- Department of Oncology, Military Institute of Medicine in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
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Liu S, Qi L, Yu Q, Song Y, Han W, Zu X, Jiang S, Yuan J, Zeng F, Xie Y. Survivin and HLA-I expression predicts survival of patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 35:8281-8. [PMID: 24852427 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 05/06/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Altered expression of survivin and leukocyte antigen class I (HLA-I) proteins is associated with tumor progression. This study investigated their expressions in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) tissues for association with a clinical significance of ccRCC patients. Ninety ccRCC and 20 normal tissue samples (i.e., control) were immunohistochemically stained for survivin and HLA-I expression for an association with clinicopathological data and survival of ccRCC patients. Survivin protein was expressed in 82.2 % (74/90) of ccRCC tissue samples compared to 0 % in the normal tissues, and HLA-I protein was expressed in 90 % (18/20) of the normal tissues vs. 67.8 % (61/90) in ccRCC samples. Survivin expression was associated with tumor grade, stage, and lymph node metastasis (p = 0.000, p = 0.016, and p = 0.001, respectively). Conversely, lost HLA-I expression did not have any associations with clinicopathological data (p > 0.05). Survivin-negative patients had a higher tumor-free survival rate than patients with survivin expression (p = 0.037). Patients with normal HLA-I levels had a higher tumor-free survival rate than those with reduced HLA-I levels (p = 0.02). The uni- and multivariate analyses indicated that expression of survivin and HLA-I, individually and in combination, was an independent predictor for survival of ccRCC patients. Overexpression of survivin but reduced HLA-I expression is useful in the prediction of tumor-free survival of ccRCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulai Liu
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, The Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, 410008, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Neumann A, Hörzer H, Hillen N, Klingel K, Schmid-Horch B, Bühring HJ, Rammensee HG, Aebert H, Stevanović S. Identification of HLA ligands and T-cell epitopes for immunotherapy of lung cancer. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2013; 62:1485-97. [PMID: 23817722 PMCID: PMC11028602 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-013-1454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/19/2013] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lung cancer is the most common cancer worldwide. Every year, as many people die of lung cancer as of breast, colon and rectum cancers combined. Because most patients are being diagnosed in advanced, not resectable stages and therefore have a poor prognosis, there is an urgent need for alternative therapies. Since it has been demonstrated that a high number of tumor- and stromal-infiltrating cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) is associated with an increased disease-specific survival in lung cancer patients, it can be assumed that immunotherapy, e.g. peptide vaccines that are able to induce a CTL response against the tumor, might be a promising approach. METHODS We analyzed surgically resected lung cancer tissues with respect to HLA class I- and II-presented peptides and gene expression profiles, aiming at the identification of (novel) tumor antigens. In addition, we tested the ability of HLA ligands derived from such antigens to generate a CTL response in healthy donors. RESULTS Among 170 HLA ligands characterized, we were able to identify several potential targets for specific CTL recognition and to generate CD8+ T cells which were specific for peptides derived from cyclin D1 or protein-kinase, DNA-activated, catalytic polypeptide and lysed tumor cells loaded with peptide. CONCLUSIONS This is the first molecular analysis of HLA class I and II ligands ex vivo from human lung cancer tissues which reveals known and novel tumor antigens able to elicit a CTL response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anneke Neumann
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Helen Hörzer
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Nina Hillen
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Karin Klingel
- Department of Molecular Pathology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Barbara Schmid-Horch
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Transfusion Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Jörg Bühring
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine II, Immunology, Oncology and Rheumatology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Rammensee
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
| | - Hermann Aebert
- Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Stevanović
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 15, Tübingen, 72076 Germany
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Wölk B, Trautwein C, Büchele B, Kersting N, Blum HE, Rammensee HG, Cerny A, Stevanovic S, Moradpour D, Brass V. Identification of naturally processed hepatitis C virus-derived major histocompatibility complex class I ligands. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29286. [PMID: 22235280 PMCID: PMC3250420 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Fine mapping of human cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses against hepatitis C virus (HCV) is based on external loading of target cells with synthetic peptides which are either derived from prediction algorithms or from overlapping peptide libraries. These strategies do not address putative host and viral mechanisms which may alter processing as well as presentation of CTL epitopes. Therefore, the aim of this proof-of-concept study was to identify naturally processed HCV-derived major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I ligands. To this end, continuous human cell lines were engineered to inducibly express HCV proteins and to constitutively express high levels of functional HLA-A2. These cell lines were recognized in an HLA-A2-restricted manner by HCV-specific CTLs. Ligands eluted from HLA-A2 molecules isolated from large-scale cultures of these cell lines were separated by high performance liquid chromatography and further analyzed by electrospray ionization quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (MS)/tandem MS. These analyses allowed the identification of two HLA-A2-restricted epitopes derived from HCV nonstructural proteins (NS) 3 and 5B (NS3₁₄₀₆₋₁₄₁₅ and NS5B₂₅₉₄₋₂₆₀₂). In conclusion, we describe a general strategy that may be useful to investigate HCV pathogenesis and may contribute to the development of preventive and therapeutic vaccines in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benno Wölk
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Büchele
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Kersting
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Hubert E. Blum
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Cerny
- Clinical Pharmacology and Clinical Immunology/Allergology, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Darius Moradpour
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Volker Brass
- Department of Medicine II, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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