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Abascal J, Oh MS, Liclican EL, Dubinett SM, Salehi-Rad R, Liu B. Dendritic Cell Vaccination in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Remodeling the Tumor Immune Microenvironment. Cells 2023; 12:2404. [PMID: 37830618 PMCID: PMC10571973 DOI: 10.3390/cells12192404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. While NSCLCs possess antigens that can potentially elicit T cell responses, defective tumor antigen presentation and T cell activation hinder host anti-tumor immune responses. The NSCLC tumor microenvironment (TME) is composed of cellular and soluble mediators that can promote or combat tumor growth. The composition of the TME plays a critical role in promoting tumorigenesis and dictating anti-tumor immune responses to immunotherapy. Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical immune cells that activate anti-tumor T cell responses and sustain effector responses. DC vaccination is a promising cellular immunotherapy that has the potential to facilitate anti-tumor immune responses and transform the composition of the NSCLC TME via tumor antigen presentation and cell-cell communication. Here, we will review the features of the NSCLC TME with an emphasis on the immune cell phenotypes that directly interact with DCs. Additionally, we will summarize the major preclinical and clinical approaches for DC vaccine generation and examine how effective DC vaccination can transform the NSCLC TME toward a state of sustained anti-tumor immune signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jensen Abascal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Michael S. Oh
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Elvira L. Liclican
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
| | - Steven M. Dubinett
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
- Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA
| | - Ramin Salehi-Rad
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
- Department of Medicine, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA
| | - Bin Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1690, USA; (J.A.); (M.S.O.); (E.L.L.); (S.M.D.)
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Gao Y, Bergman I. Anti-tumor memory CD4 and CD8 T-cells quantified by bulk T-cell receptor (TCR) clonal analysis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1137054. [PMID: 37033929 PMCID: PMC10076582 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1137054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple, reliable methods to detect anti-tumor memory T-cells are necessary to develop a clinical tumor vaccination program. A mouse model of curative viral onco-immunotherapy found that peritoneal tumor challenge following cure identified an oligoclonal anti-tumor memory CD4 and CD8 T-cell response. Clonotypes differed among the challenged animals but were congruent in blood, spleen and peritoneal cells (PC) of the same animal. Adoptive transfer demonstrated that the high-frequency responding T-cells were tumor specific. Tetramer analysis confirmed that clonotype frequency determined by T-cell receptor (TCR)- chain (TRB) analysis closely approximated cell clone frequency. The mean frequency of resting anti-tumor memory CD4 T-cells in unchallenged spleen was 0.028% and of memory CD8 T-cells was 0.11% which was not high enough to distinguish them from background. Stimulation produced a mean ~10-fold increase in splenic and 100-fold increase in peritoneal anti-tumor memory T-cell clonotypes. This methodology can be developed to use blood and tissue sampling to rapidly quantify the effectiveness of a tumor vaccine or any vaccine generating therapeutic T-cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Gao
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Ira Bergman
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
- Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
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Dalloul I, Strzalkowski TJC, von Bergwelt-Baildon M, Nüssler V, Zielinski C, Kobold S. 9th Immunotherapy of Cancer conference (ITOC): A meeting report. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2159706. [PMID: 36576266 PMCID: PMC9891670 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2159706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The Immunotherapy of Cancer conference (ITOC) is an European meeting providing a global platform for discussions where all those dedicated to the immunotherapy of cancer can exchange their knowledge and the latest findings about immuno-oncology. The 9th ITOC was held in Munich in September 2022. Major highlights of the 2022 edition included the key note address and life time achievement to Laurence Zitvogel on her contributions on the understanding of the role of microbiota in cancer development and therapy resistance. Her research has paved the way for therapeutic exploitation of the microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Dalloul
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Thaddäus Jan Clemens Strzalkowski
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
| | - Michael von Bergwelt-Baildon
- German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany,Department of Medicine III, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Christoph Zielinski
- Central European Cooperative Oncology Group (CECOG), Wiener Privatklinik, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Kobold
- Center of Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPS-M) and Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany,German Center for Translational Cancer Research (DKTK), partner site Munich, Germany,Einheit für Klinische Pharmakologie (EKLiP), Helmholtz Zentrum München, Germany,Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), Neuherberg, Germany,CONTACT Sebastian Kobold Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Klinikum der Universität München, Lindwurmstraße 2a, München80337
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Berger PA, Freitag J, Linkenbach SC, Merz L, Schork M, Thevissen S, Yildiz I, Beck JD. CIMT 2022: Report on the 19th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2124785. [PMID: 36222759 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2124785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The 19th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Europe's cancer immunotherapy meeting, was the first in-person event organized by CIMT since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a hybrid event from May 10-12, the meeting attracted 920 academic and clinical professionals from over 40 countries, who met to discuss the latest advances in cancer immunology and immunotherapy research. This report summarizes the highlights of CIMT2022.
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Billmeier A, Khinvasara K, Lang F, Mohr J, Reidenbach D, Schork M, Yildiz I, Diken M. CIMT 2021: report on the 18th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2022; 18:2024416. [PMID: 35130105 PMCID: PMC8993083 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2021.2024416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
After one year of absence, the 18th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT), Europe’s cancer immunotherapy meeting, took place virtually from 10 to 12 May 2021. Over 850 academic and clinical professionals from 30 countries met to discuss the recent advancements in cancer immunotherapy and the current progress in COVID19-related research. This meeting report summarizes the highlights of CIMT2021.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Krutika Khinvasara
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Franziska Lang
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Reidenbach
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Maik Schork
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ikra Yildiz
- TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- BioNTech SE, Mainz, Germany.,TRON-Translational Oncology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
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Hongo D, Zheng P, Dutt S, Pawar RD, Meyer E, Engleman EG, Strober S. Identification of Two Subsets of Murine DC1 Dendritic Cells That Differ by Surface Phenotype, Gene Expression, and Function. Front Immunol 2021; 12:746469. [PMID: 34777358 PMCID: PMC8589020 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.746469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Classical dendritic cells (cDCs) in mice have been divided into 2 major subsets based on the expression of nuclear transcription factors: a CD8+Irf8+Batf3 dependent (DC1) subset, and a CD8-Irf4+ (DC2) subset. We found that the CD8+DC1 subset can be further divided into CD8+DC1a and CD8+DC1b subsets by differences in surface receptors, gene expression, and function. Whereas all 3 DC subsets can act alone to induce potent Th1 cytokine responses to class I and II MHC restricted peptides derived from ovalbumin (OVA) by OT-I and OT-II transgenic T cells, only the DC1b subset could effectively present glycolipid antigens to natural killer T (NKT) cells. Vaccination with OVA protein pulsed DC1b and DC2 cells were more effective in reducing the growth of the B16-OVA melanoma as compared to pulsed DC1a cells in wild type mice. In conclusion, the Batf3-/- dependent DC1 cells can be further divided into two subsets with different immune functional profiles in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hongo
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Pingping Zheng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Suparna Dutt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Rahul D Pawar
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Everett Meyer
- Department of Medicine, Division of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Edgar G Engleman
- Department of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
| | - Samuel Strober
- Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, United States
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7
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Lan Y, Moustafa M, Knoll M, Xu C, Furkel J, Lazorchak A, Yeung TL, Hasheminasab SM, Jenkins MH, Meister S, Yu H, Schlegel J, Marelli B, Tang Z, Qin G, Klein C, Qi J, Zhou C, Locke G, Krunic D, Derner MG, Schwager C, Fontana RE, Kriegsmann K, Jiang F, Rein K, Kriegsmann M, Debus J, Lo KM, Abdollahi A. Simultaneous targeting of TGF-β/PD-L1 synergizes with radiotherapy by reprogramming the tumor microenvironment to overcome immune evasion. Cancer Cell 2021; 39:1388-1403.e10. [PMID: 34506739 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2021.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Localized radiotherapy (RT) induces an immunogenic antitumor response that is in part counterbalanced by activation of immune evasive and tissue remodeling processes, e.g., via upregulation of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) and transforming growth factor β (TGF-β). We report that a bifunctional fusion protein that simultaneously inhibits TGF-β and PD-L1, bintrafusp alfa (BA), effectively synergizes with radiotherapy, leading to superior survival in multiple therapy-resistant murine tumor models with poor immune infiltration. The BA + RT (BART) combination increases tumor-infiltrating leukocytes, reprograms the tumor microenvironment, and attenuates RT-induced fibrosis, leading to reconstitution of tumor immunity and regression of spontaneous lung metastases. Consistently, the beneficial effects of BART are in part reversed by depletion of cytotoxic CD8+ T cells. Intriguingly, targeting of the TGF-β trap to PD-L1+ endothelium and the M2/lipofibroblast-like cell compartment by BA attenuated late-stage RT-induced lung fibrosis. Together, the results suggest that the BART combination has the potential to eradicate therapy-resistant tumors while sparing normal tissue, further supporting its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Lan
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany.
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Clinical Pathology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Maximilian Knoll
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Chunxiao Xu
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jennifer Furkel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adam Lazorchak
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Tsz-Lun Yeung
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sayed-Mohammad Hasheminasab
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Molly H Jenkins
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah Meister
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Huakui Yu
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julian Schlegel
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Bo Marelli
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Zili Tang
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guozhong Qin
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Carmen Klein
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jin Qi
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Cheng Zhou
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - George Locke
- Department of Translational Medicine, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Damir Krunic
- Light Microscopy Facility, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Melissa G Derner
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Schwager
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rachel E Fontana
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Katharina Kriegsmann
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Rheumatology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Feng Jiang
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Katrin Rein
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Kriegsmann
- Department of Pathology, Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juergen Debus
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kin-Ming Lo
- Department of TIP OIO, EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, 45 Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica, MA 01821, USA; an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Amir Abdollahi
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Core-Center, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Divisions of Molecular & Translational Radiation Oncology, Heidelberg Faculty of Medicine (MFHD) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), Heidelberg Ion-Beam Therapy Center (HIT), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Heidelberg Institute of Radiation Oncology (HIRO), National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology (NCRO), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; CCU Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and Heidelberg University Hospital (UKHD), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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Abstract
Myeloproliferative diseases, including myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), are driven by genetic abnormalities and increased inflammatory signaling and are at high risk to transform into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Myeloid-derived suppressor cells were reported to enhance leukemia immune escape by suppressing an effective anti-tumor immune response. MPNs are a potentially immunogenic disease as shown by their response to interferon-α treatment and allogeneic hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Novel immunotherapeutic approaches such as immune checkpoint inhibition, tumor vaccination, or cellular therapies using target-specific lymphocytes have so far not shown strong therapeutic efficacy. Potential reasons could be the pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive microenvironment in the bone marrow of patients with MPN, driving tumor immune escape. In this review, we discuss the biology of MPNs with respect to the pro-inflammatory milieu in the bone marrow (BM) and potential immunotherapeutic approaches.
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9
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Krieger E, Toor AA. Can Graft vs. Leukemia Effect Be Uncoupled From Graft vs. Host Disease? An Examination of Proportions. Front Immunol 2020; 11:777. [PMID: 32425947 PMCID: PMC7212371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Krieger
- Department of Pediatrics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
| | - Amir Ahmed Toor
- Department of Internal Medicine, Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, United States
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10
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Beck JD, Birtel M, Haefner E, Keil IS, Reidenbach D, Salomon N, Yildiz IG, Diken M. CIMT 2019: report on the 17th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2020; 16:808-815. [PMID: 31584850 PMCID: PMC7227697 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2019.1675459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jan David Beck
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Birtel
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Erik Haefner
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Isabell Sofia Keil
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Reidenbach
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Salomon
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ikra Gizem Yildiz
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH, Mainz, Germany
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11
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de Bruijn S, Anguille S, Verlooy J, Smits EL, van Tendeloo VF, de Laere M, Norga K, Berneman ZN, Lion E. Dendritic Cell-Based and Other Vaccination Strategies for Pediatric Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091396. [PMID: 31546858 PMCID: PMC6770385 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Dendritic cell-based and other vaccination strategies that use the patient’s own immune system for the treatment of cancer are gaining momentum. Most studies of therapeutic cancer vaccination have been performed in adults. However, since cancer is one of the leading causes of death among children past infancy in the Western world, the hope is that this form of active specific immunotherapy can play an important role in the pediatric population as well. Since children have more vigorous and adaptable immune systems than adults, therapeutic cancer vaccines are expected to have a better chance of creating protective immunity and preventing cancer recurrence in pediatric patients. Moreover, in contrast to conventional cancer treatments such as chemotherapy, therapeutic cancer vaccines are designed to specifically target tumor cells and not healthy cells or tissues. This reduces the likelihood of side effects, which is an important asset in this vulnerable patient population. In this review, we present an overview of the different therapeutic cancer vaccines that have been studied in the pediatric population, with a main focus on dendritic cell-based strategies. In addition, new approaches that are currently being investigated in clinical trials are discussed to provide guidance for further improvement and optimization of pediatric cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sévérine de Bruijn
- Division of Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Sébastien Anguille
- Division of Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Joris Verlooy
- Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Evelien L Smits
- Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Center for Oncological Research, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Viggo F van Tendeloo
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Maxime de Laere
- Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Koenraad Norga
- Division of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Zwi N Berneman
- Division of Hematology, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Eva Lion
- Center for Cell Therapy & Regenerative Medicine, Antwerp University Hospital, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Antwerp, Belgium.
- Tumor Immunology Group, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, Vaccine & Infectious Disease Institute (VAXINFECTIO), Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, 2610 Wilrijk, Antwerp, Belgium.
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12
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Castella B, Melaccio A, Foglietta M, Riganti C, Massaia M. Vγ9Vδ2 T Cells as Strategic Weapons to Improve the Potency of Immune Checkpoint Blockade and Immune Interventions in Human Myeloma. Front Oncol 2018; 8:508. [PMID: 30460198 PMCID: PMC6232124 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The advent of immune checkpoint (ICP) blockade has introduced an unprecedented paradigm shift in the treatment of cancer. Though very promising, there is still a substantial proportion of patients who do not respond or develop resistance to ICP blockade. In vitro and in vivo models are eagerly needed to identify mechanisms to maximize the immune potency of ICP blockade and overcome primary and acquired resistance to ICP blockade. Vγ9Vδ2 T cells isolated from the bone marrow (BM) from multiple myeloma (MM) are excellent tools to investigate the mechanisms of resistance to PD-1 blockade and to decipher the network of mutual interactions between PD-1 and the immune suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Vγ9Vδ2 T cells can easily be interrogated to dissect the progressive immune competence impairment generated in the TME by the long-lasting exposure to myeloma cellss. BM MM Vγ9Vδ2 T cells are PD-1+ and anergic to phosphoantigen (pAg) stimulation; notably, single agent PD-1 blockade is insufficient to fully recover their anti-tumor activity in vitro indicating that additional players are involved in the anergy of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells. In this mini-review we will discuss the value of Vγ9Vδ2 T cells as investigational tools to improve the potency of ICP blockade and immune interventions in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Castella
- Laboratorio di Immunologia dei Tumori del Sangue, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche ed Oncologia Umana, Sezione di Medicina Interna ed Oncologia, Università degli studi di Bari "A. Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Myriam Foglietta
- Laboratorio di Immunologia dei Tumori del Sangue, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.,SC Ematologia, AO S.Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
| | - Chiara Riganti
- Dipartimento di Oncologia, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Massaia
- Laboratorio di Immunologia dei Tumori del Sangue, Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca in Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Torino, Turin, Italy.,SC Ematologia, AO S.Croce e Carle, Cuneo, Italy
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13
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Heuser C, Gotot J, Piotrowski EC, Philipp MS, Courrèges CJF, Otte MS, Guo L, Schmid-Burgk JL, Hornung V, Heine A, Knolle PA, Garbi N, Serfling E, Evaristo C, Thaiss F, Kurts C. Prolonged IKKβ Inhibition Improves Ongoing CTL Antitumor Responses by Incapacitating Regulatory T Cells. Cell Rep 2017; 21:578-86. [PMID: 29045828 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2017.09.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) prevent autoimmunity but limit antitumor immunity. The canonical NF-κB signaling pathway both activates immunity and promotes thymic Treg development. Here, we report that mature Tregs continue to require NF-κB signaling through IκB-kinase β (IKKβ) after thymic egress. Mice lacking IKKβ in mature Tregs developed scurfy-like immunopathology due to death of peripheral FoxP3+ Tregs. Also, pharmacological IKKβ inhibition reduced Treg numbers in the circulation by ∼50% and downregulated FoxP3 and CD25 expression and STAT5 phosphorylation. In contrast, activated cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) were resistant to IKKβ inhibition because other pathways, in particular nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1) signaling, sustained their survival and expansion. In a melanoma mouse model, IKKβ inhibition after CTL cross-priming improved the antitumor response and delayed tumor growth. In conclusion, prolonged IKKβ inhibition decimates circulating Tregs and improves CTL responses when commenced after tumor vaccination, indicating that IKKβ represents a druggable checkpoint.
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14
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Kranz LM, Beck JD, Grunwitz C, Hotz C, Vormehr M, Diken M. CIMT 2017: Anniversary symposium - Report on the 15th CIMT Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2272-2279. [PMID: 28846471 PMCID: PMC5647989 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1358327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Kranz
- a BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Jan D Beck
- b TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | | | | | - Mathias Vormehr
- c BioNTech AG , Mainz , Germany.,d Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center at the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz , Mainz , Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- b TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
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15
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Kranz LM, Birtel M, Hilscher L, Grunwitz C, Petschenka J, Vascotto F, Vormehr M, Voss RH, Kreiter S, Diken M. CIMT 2016: Mechanisms of efficacy in cancer immunotherapy - Report on the 14th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy May 10-12 2016, Mainz, Germany. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2016; 12:2805-2812. [PMID: 27435168 PMCID: PMC5137546 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1206677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Kranz
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany.,b Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany
| | - Matthias Birtel
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany.,b Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI), University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University , Mainz , Germany
| | - Lina Hilscher
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Christian Grunwitz
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany.,c BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Jutta Petschenka
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Mathias Vormehr
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany.,c BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Ralf-Holger Voss
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Sebastian Kreiter
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- a TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH , Mainz , Germany
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16
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Slatter TL, Wilson M, Tang C, Campbell HG, Ward VK, Young VL, Van Ly D, Fleming NI, Braithwaite AW, Baird MA. Antitumor cytotoxicity induced by bone-marrow-derived antigen-presenting cells is facilitated by the tumor suppressor protein p53 via regulation of IL-12. Oncoimmunology 2015; 5:e1112941. [PMID: 27141366 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2015.1112941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Activated antigen-presenting cells (APC) deliver the three signals cytotoxic T cells require to differentiate into effector cells that destroy the tumor. These comprise antigen, co-stimulatory signals and cytokines. Once these cells have carried out their function, they apoptose. We hypothesized that the tumor suppressor protein, p53, played an important role in generating the antitumor response facilitated by APC. CD11c+ APC derived from p53 wild-type (wt) mouse (wt p53) GM-CSF bone marrow cultures (BMAPC) and activated had reduced survival compared to BMAPC from p53 null consistent with p53-mediated apoptosis following activation. There was a lower percentage of antigenic peptide/MHC I complexes on antigen-pulsed p53 null cells suggesting p53 played a role in antigen processing but there was no difference in antigen-specific T cell proliferative responses to these cells in vivo. In contrast, antigen-specific cytotoxicity in vivo was markedly reduced in response to p53 null BMAPC. When these cells were pulsed with a model tumor antigen and delivered as a prophylactic vaccination, they provided no protection against melanoma cell growth whereas wt BMAPC were very effective. This suggested that p53 might regulate the requisite third signal and, indeed, we found that p53 null BMAPC produced less IL-12 than wt p53 BMAPC and that p53 bound to the promoter region of IL-12. This work suggests that p53 in activated BMAPC is associated with the generation of IL-12 required for the differentiation of cytotoxic immune responses and an effective antitumor response. This is a completely new role for this protein that has implications for BMAPC-mediated immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tania L Slatter
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michelle Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Chingwen Tang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Hamish G Campbell
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney , Westmead, Australia
| | - Vernon K Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Vivienne L Young
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - David Van Ly
- Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney , Westmead, Australia
| | - Nicholas I Fleming
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago , Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Antony W Braithwaite
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Children's Medical Research Institute, University of Sydney, Westmead, Australia; Maurice Wilkins Center, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Baird
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand; Maurice Wilkins Center, Auckland, New Zealand
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17
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Kranz LM, Birtel M, Krienke C, Grunwitz C, Petschenka J, Reuter KC, van de Roemer N, Vascotto F, Vormehr M, Kreiter S, Diken M. CIMT 2015: The right patient for the right therapy - Report on the 13th annual meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2015; 12:213-21. [PMID: 26186022 PMCID: PMC4962731 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2015.1068485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lena M Kranz
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany.,b Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI); University Medical Center; Johannes Gutenberg University ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Matthias Birtel
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Christina Krienke
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany.,b Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI); University Medical Center; Johannes Gutenberg University ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Christian Grunwitz
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany.,c BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Jutta Petschenka
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | | | - Niels van de Roemer
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany.,b Research Center for Immunotherapy (FZI); University Medical Center; Johannes Gutenberg University ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Fulvia Vascotto
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Mathias Vormehr
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany.,c BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Sebastian Kreiter
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- a TRON - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz gGmbH ; Mainz , Germany
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18
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Kloke BP, Mahr A, Jabulowsky RA, Kutscher S, Rae R, Britten CM. Cancer immunotherapy achieves breakthrough status: 12th annual meeting of the association for cancer immunotherapy (CIMT), Mainz, Germany, May 6-8, 2014. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2015; 64:923-30. [PMID: 25548093 PMCID: PMC11028691 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-014-1643-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Björn-Philipp Kloke
- BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals GmbH, An der Goldgrube 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany,
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19
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Flörcken A, Grau M, Wolf A, Weilemann A, Kopp J, Dörken B, Blankenstein T, Pezzutto A, Lenz P, Lenz G, Westermann J. Gene expression profiling of peripheral blood mononuclear cells during treatment with a gene-modified allogeneic tumor cell vaccine in advanced renal cell cancer: tumor-induced immunosuppression and a possible role for NF-κB. Int J Cancer 2014; 136:1814-26. [PMID: 25242680 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Tumor-induced immunosuppression remains a major challenge for immunotherapy of cancer patients. To further elucidate why an allogeneic gene-modified [interleukin-7 (IL-7)/CD80-cotransfected] renal cell cancer (RCC) vaccine failed to induce clinically relevant TH-1-polarized immune responses, peripheral blood mononuclear cells from enrolled study patients were analyzed by gene expression profiling (GEP) both prior and after vaccination. At baseline before vaccination, a profound downregulation of gene signatures associated with antigen presentation, immune response/T cells, cytokines/chemokines and signaling/transcription factors was observed in RCC patients as compared to healthy controls. Vaccination led to a partial reversion of preexisting immunosuppression, however, GEP indicated that an appropriate TH-1 polarization could not be achieved. Most interestingly, our results suggest that the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway might be involved in the impairment of immunological responsiveness and the observed TH-2 deviation. In summary, our data suggest that GEP might be a powerful tool for the prediction of immunosuppression and the monitoring of immune responses within immunotherapy trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Flörcken
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Tumor Immunology, Charité University Medicine, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany
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20
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Maueröder C, Munoz LE, Chaurio RA, Herrmann M, Schett G, Berens C. Tumor immunotherapy: lessons from autoimmunity. Front Immunol 2014; 5:212. [PMID: 24860574 PMCID: PMC4026709 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Maueröder
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Luis Enrique Munoz
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Ricardo Alfredo Chaurio
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Martin Herrmann
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Institute of Clinical Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine 3, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
| | - Christian Berens
- Department of Biology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg , Erlangen , Germany
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21
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Abstract
Recent studies have underlined the close link between immune response and prognosis of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Immune response understanding combined with biotechnology progress of the last years has allowed development of immunotherapy strategies in CRC. Immunotherapy strategies are divided in "active" or "passive" strategies (patients immune system stimulation or not) and considering the activation of antigen specific immune response or not. These immunotherapy strategies are well tolerated and induced cellular and humoral response correlated with clinical response. Many monoclonal antibodies targeting signalisation pathways or angiogenic growth factors have demonstrated their efficacy in CRC. Multiple vaccine strategies, using different tumour associated antigens, have demonstrated a biological efficacy but with poor clinical results. Results are more promising in adjuvant setting but need to be confirmed by randomized trials. Adoptive immunotherapy with transfer of tumour associated antigen specific T cell is probably the most promising strategy. Actually, except monoclonal antibodies, immunotherapy is not used in clinical practice in CRC due to the lack of results and absence of standardisation.
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22
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Diken M, Attig S, Grunwitz C, Kranz L, Simon P, van de Roemer N, Vascotto F, Kreiter S. CIMT 2013: advancing targeted therapies--report on the 11th Annual Meeting of the Association for Cancer Immunotherapy, May 14-16 2013, Mainz, Germany. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:2025-32. [PMID: 23877042 PMCID: PMC3906376 DOI: 10.4161/hv.25768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The 11th Annual Meeting of Association for Cancer Immunotherapy (CIMT) welcomed more than 700 scientists around the world to Mainz, Germany and continued to be the largest immunotherapy meeting in Europe. Renowned speakers from various fields of cancer immunotherapy gave lectures under CIMT2013’s tag: “Advancing targeted therapies” the highlights of which are summarized in this meeting report.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Diken
- TRON-Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of Johannes Gutenberg University; Mainz, Germany
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Flörcken A, Kopp J, van Lessen A, Movassaghi K, Takvorian A, Jöhrens K, Möbs M, Schönemann C, Sawitzki B, Egerer K, Dörken B, Pezzutto A, Westermann J. Allogeneic partially HLA-matched dendritic cells pulsed with autologous tumor cell lysate as a vaccine in metastatic renal cell cancer: a clinical phase I/II study. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2013; 9:1217-27. [PMID: 23458999 DOI: 10.4161/hv.24149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Multi-kinase inhibitors have been established for the treatment of advanced renal cell cancer, but long-term results are still disappointing and immunotherapeutic approaches remain an interesting experimental option particularly in patients with a low tumor burden. DC are crucial for antigen-specific MHC-restricted T cell immunity. Furthermore, allogeneic HLA-molecules pose a strong immunogenic signal and may help to induce tumor-specific T cell responses. In this phase I/II trial, 7 patients with histologically confirmed progressive metastatic RCC were immunized repetitively with 1 × 10 (7) allogeneic partially HLA-matched DC pulsed with autologous tumor lysate following a schedule of 8 vaccinations over 20 weeks. Patients also received 3 Mio IE IL-2 s.c. once daily starting in week 4. Primary endpoints of the study were feasibility and safety. Secondary endpoints were immunological and clinical responses. Vaccination was feasible and safe with no severe toxicity being observed. No objective response could be documented. However, while all patients had documented progress at study entry, 29% of the patients showed SD throughout the study with a mean TTP of 24.6 weeks (range 5 to 96 weeks). In 3/7 patients, TH1-polarized immune responses against RCC-associated antigens were observed. In one patient showing a minimal clinical response and a TTP of 96 weeks, clonally proliferated T cells against yet undefined antigens were induced by the vaccine. Vaccination with tumor antigen loaded DC remains an interesting experimental approach, but should rather be applied in the situation of minimal residual disease after systemic therapy. Additional depletion of regulatory cells might be a promising strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Flörcken
- Department of Hematology; Oncology, and Tumor Immunology; Charité University Medicine Berlin; Campus Virchow- Klinikum; Berlin, Germany; Department of Hematology; Oncology, and Tumor Immunology; Charité University Medicine Berlin; Campus Benjamin Franklin; Berlin, Germany
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Schüler T, Kammertoens T, Preiss S, Debs P, Noben-Trauth N, Blankenstein T. Generation of tumor-associated cytotoxic T lymphocytes requires interleukin 4 from CD8(+) T cells. J Exp Med 2001; 194:1767-75. [PMID: 11748278 PMCID: PMC2193572 DOI: 10.1084/jem.194.12.1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of tumor-associated CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) often requires antigen representation, e.g., by dendritic cells (DCs), and CD4(+) T cell help. Previously, we showed that CTL-mediated tumor immunity required interleukin 4 (IL-4) during the immunization but not effector phase. To determine the source and target cells of IL-4, we performed adoptive T cell transfers using CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells from IL-4(-/-) and IL-4R(-/-) mice and analyzed CTL generation. Even though necessary for CTL generation, CD4(+) T cells did not need to express IL-4 or IL-4R. Surprisingly, CTL generation required IL-4 but not IL-4R expression by CD8(+) T cells. As IL-4 (a) was expressed by naive CD8(+) T cells within 24 h after antigen encounter, (b) IL-4 induced DC maturation, and (c) CTL development was impaired in T cell-reconstituted IL-4R(-/-) mice, CD8(+) T cell-derived IL-4 appears to act on DCs. We conclude that CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells provide different signals for DC activation during CTL generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schüler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13092 Berlin, Germany.
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Schüler T, Qin Z, Ibe S, Noben-Trauth N, Blankenstein T. T helper cell type 1-associated and cytotoxic T lymphocyte-mediated tumor immunity is impaired in interleukin 4-deficient mice. J Exp Med 1999; 189:803-10. [PMID: 10049944 PMCID: PMC2192943 DOI: 10.1084/jem.189.5.803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
It is widely accepted that cellular immune responses are induced by CD4(+) T helper 1 (Th1) cells secreting interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-gamma. Tumor immunity is often mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) whose activation is supported by Th1 cytokines. Since IL-4 directs Th2 development and has been shown to inhibit Th1-dominated responses, we assumed that IL-4-deficient (IL-4(-/-)) mice would develop vigorous CTL-mediated tumor immunity compared with IL-4-competent (IL-4(+/+)) mice. Surprisingly, IL-4(-/-) mice were severely impaired to develop tumor immunity to both a mammary adenocarcinoma line and a colon carcinoma line. The lack of tumor immunity in IL-4(-/-) mice was associated with reduced IFN-gamma production, diminished levels of tumor-reactive serum IgG2a, and undetectable CTL activity, indicating a defective Th1 response in the absence of endogenous IL-4. Anti-IL-4 monoclonal antibody blocked tumor immunity in IL-4(+/+) mice when administered at the time of immunization but not at the time of challenge. Additionally, tumor immunity could be induced in IL-4(-/-) mice, if IL-4 was provided by gene-modified cells together with immunizing tumor cells. These results demonstrate that tumor immunity requires IL-4 in the priming phase for the generation of effector cells rather than for their maintenance and exclude secondary, developmental defects in the "knockout" strain. Together, our results demonstrate a novel and previously unanticipated role of IL-4 for the generation of Th1-associated, CTL-mediated tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Schüler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, 13122 Berlin, Germany.
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