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Sundararajan R, Hooda M, Lai Y, Nansera D, Audet C, Downs J, Lee MH, McNairy M, Muyindike W, Mwanga-Amumpaire J. Traditional healer support to improve HIV viral suppression in rural Uganda (Omuyambi): study protocol for a cluster randomized hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial. Trials 2024; 25:430. [PMID: 38956628 PMCID: PMC11218186 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-024-08286-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rural African people living with HIV face significant challenges in entering and remaining in HIV care. In rural Uganda, for example, there is a threefold higher prevalence of HIV compared to the national average and lower engagement throughout the HIV continuum of care. There is an urgent need for appropriate interventions to improve entry and retention in HIV care for rural Ugandans with HIV. Though many adults living with HIV in rural areas prioritize seeking care services from traditional healers over formal clinical services, healers have not been integrated into HIV care programs. The Omuyambi trial is investigating the effectiveness of psychosocial support delivered by traditional healers as an adjunct to standard HIV care versus standard clinic-based HIV care alone. Additionally, we are evaluating the implementation process and outcomes, following the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research. METHODS This cluster randomized hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation trial will be conducted among 44 traditional healers in two districts of southwestern Uganda. Healers were randomized 1:1 into study arms, where healers in the intervention arm will provide 12 months of psychosocial support to adults with unsuppressed HIV viral loads receiving care at their practices. A total of 650 adults with unsuppressed HIV viral loads will be recruited from healer clusters in the Mbarara and Rwampara districts. The primary study outcome is HIV viral load measured at 12 months after enrollment, which will be analyzed by intention-to-treat. Secondary clinical outcome measures include (re)initiation of HIV care, antiretroviral therapy adherence, and retention in care. The implementation outcomes of adoption, fidelity, appropriateness, and acceptability will be evaluated through key informant interviews and structured surveys at baseline, 3, 9, 12, and 24 months. Sustainability will be measured through HIV viral load measurements at 24 months following enrollment. DISCUSSION The Omuyambi trial is evaluating an approach that could improve HIV outcomes by incorporating previously overlooked community lay supporters into the HIV cascade of care. These findings could provide effectiveness and implementation evidence to guide the development of policies and programs aimed at improving HIV outcomes in rural Uganda and other countries where healers play an essential role in community health. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05943548. Registered on July 5, 2023. The current protocol version is 4.0 (September 29, 2023).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Misha Hooda
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Yifan Lai
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Denis Nansera
- Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda
| | - Carolyn Audet
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 1211 Medical Center Dr, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Jennifer Downs
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Myung Hee Lee
- Weill Cornell Medicine, 1300 York Ave, New York, NY, 10065, USA
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Tuasha N, Fekadu S, Deyno S. Prevalence of herbal and traditional medicine in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 20-year studies. Syst Rev 2023; 12:232. [PMID: 38093343 PMCID: PMC10717384 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-023-02398-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widely accepted prevalence of traditional medicine (TM) in Ethiopia was about 80 %, of which 95 % were sourced from plants. The purpose of this study was to update knowledge of the prevalence of herbal medicine or TM in Ethiopia and describe the characteristics of the population mostly relying on herbal medicine or TM to inform health policy-makers. METHODS PubMed, Google Scholar, Hinari, Scopus, and the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) were searched. The methodological quality of each included study was assessed using the quality assessment checklist for prevalence studies. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA version 17, and the heterogeneity between studies was assessed using I2 test statistics based on the random effect model. Forest and funnel plots were used to present the data. Subgroup analysis was done by the study population, region, and setting. RESULTS Thirty-six studies with a total of 16,288 participants met the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of the study revealed that the prevalence of herbal medicine use in Ethiopia is 46 % (95 % CI, 37-54 %), with significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 99.19 %). Egger's test for publication bias of herbal medicine use revealed significant results (Egger, P = 0.002) which indicates possible missing of small sample size studies. The prevalence of TM use in Ethiopia is 65 % (95 % CI, 52-77 %) with significant heterogeneity among the studies (I2 = 99.18 %). Egger's test for publication bias of TM use revealed non-significant results (Egger, P = 0.275). The subgroup analysis by the study setting and the region revealed variability amongst the studies. Community-based studies and Oromia National Regional State showed higher prevalence. By population type, a higher prevalence of TM use was observed amongst children and lowest amongst malaria suspects. CONCLUSIONS The current study revealed that TM/herbal medicine utilization remained an important source of primary healthcare in Ethiopia. In comparison to the commonly reported prevalence of TM/herbal medicine, there is a considerable decline in TM/herbal medicine prevalence. High TM/herbal medicine use tendency during pregnancy necessitates safety studies to optimize the utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigatu Tuasha
- Department of Biology, Hawassa College of Teacher Education, Sidama National Regional State, P. O. Box 115, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Sintayehu Fekadu
- School of Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | - Serawit Deyno
- School of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, P. O. Box 1560, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Dores AR, Peixoto M, Castro M, Sá C, Carvalho IP, Martins A, Maia E, Praça I, Marques A. Knowledge and Beliefs about Herb/Supplement Consumption and Herb/Supplement-Drug Interactions among the General Population, including Healthcare Professionals and Pharmacists: A Systematic Review and Guidelines for a Smart Decision System. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102298. [PMID: 37242184 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The increased consumption of a variety of herbs/supplements has been raising serious health concerns. Owing to an inadequate understanding of herb/supplement-drug interactions, the simultaneous consumption of these products may result in deleterious effects and, in extreme cases, even fatal outcomes. This systematic review is aimed at understanding the knowledge and beliefs about the consumption of herbs/supplements and herb/drug-supplement interactions (HDIs). The study follows the PRISMA guidelines. Four online databases (Web of Science; PubMed; Cochrane; and EBSCOhost) were searched, and a total of 44 studies were included, encompassing 16,929 participants. Herb and supplement consumption is explained mostly by the reported benefits across multiple conditions and ease of use. Regarding HDIs, most people take both herbs/supplements and prescription drugs simultaneously. Only a small percentage of participants have knowledge about their interaction effects, and many reported adverse interactions or side effects. Nevertheless, the main reason for stopping the prescribed drug intake is the perceived lack of its effect, and not due to interactions. Therefore, it is important to increase the knowledge about supplement use so that further strategies can be elaborated to better detect or be alert for whenever a potentially dangerous reaction and/or interaction may occur. This paper raises awareness regarding the need for developing a decision support system and ends with some considerations about the development of a technological solution capable of detecting HDIs and, thereby, aiding in the improvement of pharmacy services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemisa R Dores
- Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Centro de Investigação em Reabilitação (CIR), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-IPP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Miguel Peixoto
- Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Centro de Investigação em Reabilitação (CIR), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-IPP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Castro
- Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Centro de Investigação em Reabilitação (CIR), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-IPP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Sá
- Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Centro de Investigação em Reabilitação (CIR), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-IPP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Irene P Carvalho
- Clinical Neurosciences and Mental Health Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Andreia Martins
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Eva Maia
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Praça
- Research Group on Intelligent Engineering and Computing for Advanced Innovation and Development (GECAD), School of Engineering, Polytechnic of Porto (ISEP/IPP), 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
| | - António Marques
- Laboratório de Reabilitação Psicossocial, Centro de Investigação em Reabilitação (CIR), Escola Superior de Saúde, Instituto Politécnico do Porto (ESS-IPP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
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Sundararajan R, Alakiu R, Ponticiello M, Birch G, Kisigo G, Okello E, Peck RN. Understanding traditional healer utilisation for hypertension care using the Andersen model: A qualitative study in Mwanza, Tanzania. Glob Public Health 2023; 18:2191687. [PMID: 36973183 PMCID: PMC10065353 DOI: 10.1080/17441692.2023.2191687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTHypertension disproportionately affects people living in African countries, where there are many challenges to appropriate diagnosis and treatment, and many people with hypertension utilise traditional healers as their primary source of healthcare. In this study, we sought to understand factors driving healer utilisation among people with hypertension. We conducted 52 semi-structured interviews with traditional healers, patients and healthcare providers in the Mwanza region of Tanzania. We used the Andersen model of healthcare utilisation to organise our findings on factors driving utilisation of traditional healers for hypertension care. Traditional healers routinely provide care to hypertensive patients and are a critical component of the healthcare landscape. However, healers also operate independently of the biomedical healthcare system, and biomedical providers may hold negative perceptions of healers. Further, healers were described as preferential by patients due to the convenient locations of their practices and perceived improvement of hypertension symptoms with traditional treatment. Finally, healers expressed a desire for more formal collaboration with biomedicine to improve patient care. Our findings may guide future interventions in Tanzanian communities and elsewhere where traditional healers may act as partners to allopathic providers and patients in the continuum of hypertension care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Sundararajan
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Center for Global Health, New York NY USA
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York NY USA
| | - Rinu Alakiu
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY USA
| | | | | | - Godfrey Kisigo
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania
| | | | - Robert N. Peck
- Weill Cornell Medicine, Center for Global Health, New York NY USA
- Mwanza Intervention Trials Unit, Mwanza, Tanzania
- Bugando Medical Center, Mwanza, Tanzania
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Machaalani M, Seifeddine H, Ali A, Bitar H, Briman O, Chahine MN. Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice Toward Hypertension Among Hypertensive Patients Residing in Lebanon. Vasc Health Risk Manag 2022; 18:541-553. [PMID: 35860751 PMCID: PMC9289573 DOI: 10.2147/vhrm.s367187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives Hypertension (HTN) is a major health concern that leads to cardiovascular disease and premature death. Assessing HTN knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) is crucial for controlling HTN. This study aimed to determine HTN KAP among hypertensive patients residing in Lebanon. Methods This cross-sectional study involved 342 hypertensive patients. A questionnaire form was used to collect data related to patients' characteristics. SPSS was used to determine KAP scores, descriptive statistics, and correlations. Results Data from HTN patients was analyzed of whom 98.2% were Lebanese and 51.2% were males. The median age was 59.15 ± 13.55 years old. A proportion of 40.4% had HTN duration for at least 10 years and 67.3% had HTN family history. Patients had fair HTN knowledge and practice, but good attitude toward HTN. Only 45.3% regularly checked their blood pressure. Positive correlations were observed between HTN attitude and each of knowledge and practice. HTN knowledge and attitude were associated with many studied factors, whereas no relationship was found regarding practice. Conclusion Hypertensive patients had fair levels of knowledge and practice, and a good level of attitude concerning their disease. We provided a model for predictors of HTN KAP scores that will allow the development of efficient campaigns related to HTN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Machaalani
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | | | - Abdallah Ali
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Hassan Bitar
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Oukba Briman
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - Mirna N Chahine
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), Beirut, Lebanon
- Foundation-Medical Research Institutes (F-MRI), Geneva, Switzerland
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Lassale C, Gaye B, Diop IB, Mipinda JB, Kramoh KE, Kouam Kouam C, Ikama MS, Takombe JL, Damorou JM, Toure IA, Balde DM, Dzudie A, Houenassi M, Kane A, Kimbally-Kaki SG, Kingue S, Limbole E, Mfeukeu Kuate L, Ferreira B, Nhavoto C, Sidy Ali A, Azizi M, N'Guetta R, Antignac M, Jouven X. Use of traditional medicine and control of hypertension in 12 African countries. BMJ Glob Health 2022; 7:bmjgh-2021-008138. [PMID: 35654446 PMCID: PMC9163537 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-008138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Use of traditional medicine (TM) is widespread in sub-Saharan Africa as a treatment option for a wide range of disease. We aimed to describe main characteristics of TM users and estimate the association of TM use with control of hypertension. Methods We used data on 2128 hypertensive patients of a cross-sectional study (convenience sampling), who attended cardiology departments of 12 sub-Saharan African countries (Benin, Cameroon, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon, Guinea, Côte d’Ivoire, Mauritania, Mozambique, Niger, Senegal, Togo). To model association of TM use with odds of uncontrolled, severe and complicated hypertension, we used multivariable mixed logistic regressions, and to model the association with blood pressure (systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP)) we used mixed linear models. All models were adjusted for age, sex, wealth, adherence to hypertension conventional treatment and country (random effect). Results A total of 512 (24%) participants reported using TM, varying across countries from 10% in the Congo to 48% in Guinea. TM users were more likely to be men, living in rural area, poorly adhere to prescribed medication (frequently due to its cost). Use of TM was associated with a 3.87 (95% CI 1.52 to 6.22)/1.75 (0.34 to 3.16) mm Hg higher SBP/DBP compared with no use; and with greater odds of severe hypertension (OR=1.34; 95% CI 1.04 to 1.74) and of any hypertension complication (OR=1.27; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.60), mainly driven by renal complication (OR=1.57; 95% CI 1.07 to 2.29) after adjustment for measured confounders. Conclusions The use of TM was associated with higher blood pressure, more severe hypertension and more complications in Sub-Saharan African countries. The widespread use of TM needs to be acknowledged and worked out to integrate TM safely within the conventional healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Lassale
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute IMIM, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER of Pathophysiology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Bamba Gaye
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, INSERM U970, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Cardiology department, University Hospital of Fann, Dakar, Senegal
- African Research Network, Dakar, Senegal
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Explorations Fonctionnelles, Université Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal
| | | | - Jean Bruno Mipinda
- Cardiology department, Libreville University Hospital Center, Libreville, Komo-Mondah, Gabon
| | | | | | - Méo Stéphane Ikama
- Cardiology Department, National University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien NGouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Jean Laurent Takombe
- Department of Internal Medicine of la Gombe, Ngaliema Hospital, Kinshasa, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)
| | | | - Ibrahim Ali Toure
- Internal Medicine and Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Lamorde Niamey University, Niamey, Niger
| | - Dadhi M Balde
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Conakry, Conakry, Guinea
| | - Anastase Dzudie
- Cardiac Intensive Car & Cardiac Pacing Unit, Douala General Hospital, Douala, Cameroon
| | | | - Abdoul Kane
- Cardiology Department, University Hospital of Aristide Le Dantec, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Suzy Gisèle Kimbally-Kaki
- Cardiology Department, National University Hospital of Brazzaville, Marien NGouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Samuel Kingue
- University of Yaoundé, Ministry of Public Health, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Emmanuel Limbole
- Department of Internal Medicine of la Gombe, Ngaliema Hospital, Kinshasa, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)
- Cardiology Department, University of Kinshasa Faculty of Medicine, Kinshasa, Congo (the Democratic Republic of the)
| | - Liliane Mfeukeu Kuate
- Internal Medecine Department, Regional Hospital, Bafoussam, Cameroon
- Cardiology Department, Central Hospital of Yaounde, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | | | | | | | - Michel Azizi
- Hypertension unit, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP Centre, Paris, France
- INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1418, Paris, France
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Department, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | | | - Marie Antignac
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, INSERM U970, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Department of Pharmacy, St Antoine Hospital, AP-HP Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Jouven
- Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre, INSERM U970, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Cardiovascular Epidemiology Department, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- Cardiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Paris-Sudden Death Expertise Center, Paris, France
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Aferu T, Mamenie Y, Mulugeta M, Feyisa D, Shafi M, Regassa T, Ejeta F, Hammeso WW. Attitude and practice toward traditional medicine among hypertensive patients on follow-up at Mizan–Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. SAGE Open Med 2022; 10:20503121221083209. [PMID: 35310931 PMCID: PMC8928343 DOI: 10.1177/20503121221083209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Traditional medicine has been used for the management of common mild conditions such as headache, diarrhea, and common cold as well as in the treatment of chronic diseases including hypertension. The usage of this medicine is regarded as acceptably safe with most Ethiopian people. Attitude and practices toward traditional medicine are crucial elements of hypertension control and its favorable outcome expectation. This study aimed at assessing the attitude and practice toward traditional medicine among hypertensive patients on follow-up at Mizan–Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia. Method: Facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1st December 2020 to 30th December 2020 among 173 hypertensive patients. A consecutive sampling technique was used to select study participants. Data were collected through interviewer-administered structured questionnaire and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences software version 23. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was done to identify the independent predictors of patients’ attitude toward traditional medicine and their traditional medicine use at a p value ⩽0.05. Results: Eighty-seven (50.29%) of the total 173 approached patients were found to have good attitude toward traditional medicine. Ninety-seven (56.07%) participants had used traditional medicine at least once in their lifetime and 45 (46.39%) patients used traditional medicine and modern medicine concomitantly. Participants’ residence (adjusted odds ratio = 2.79, confidence interval = 1.01–7.74, p-value = 0.049) and educational status (adjusted odds ratio = 1.76, confidence interval = 1.61–5.09, p-value = 0.032) had significant association with attitude toward traditional medicine, while patients’ age (adjusted odds ratio = 1.43, confidence interval = 1.32–4.96, p-value = 0.039), residence (adjusted odds ratio = 2.18, confidence interval = 1.10–4.32, p-value = 0.025), and occupation (adjusted odds ratio = 3.38, confidence interval = 1.55–7.38, p-value = 0.002) had significant association with their traditional medicine use. Conclusion: Half of the study participants had good attitude toward traditional medicine, and nearly, one-fourth of the participants had practiced traditional medicine along with modern medicine. Health service providers should be aware of traditional medicine use and advise patients on the dosing of traditional medicine.
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Herb-drug interactions: Perception and revelations of nurses in primary healthcare clinics, South Africa. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF AFRICA NURSING SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijans.2022.100409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Kifle ZD, Yimenu DK, Kidanu BB. Complementary and alternative medicine use and its associated factors among hypertensive patients in Debre Tabor General Hospital, Ethiopia. Metabol Open 2021; 12:100132. [PMID: 34632358 PMCID: PMC8493576 DOI: 10.1016/j.metop.2021.100132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertensive patients have been using complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) to meet their primary healthcare needs within Ethiopia. The use of plant-based medicine is not only common rather it is also a culturally accredited practice, among the people of Ethiopia. However, studies conducted on the prevalence and correlates of herbal medicine (HM) use among hypertensive patients are lacking. Thus, this study aimed to assess CAM use and its associated factors among hypertensive patients. METHODS An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 450 hypertensive patients, visiting the hypertensive care service of Debre Tabor General Hospital from November 1 to December 28, 2020. Interview-guided self-administered questionnaires were used for data collection. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 24.0 was used for data analysis. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression was computed to identify associated factors of CAM use (age, sex, religion, residence, marital status, educational level, monthly income, presence of HTN complication, duration of HTN, and family history of HTN). RESULTS Out of the 450 hypertensive patients, 275 (67.8%) participants used complementary and alternative medicine. Herbal medicines used among hypertensive patients were M. stenoptela 105 (62.9%), O. lamiifolium 81 (48.5%), C. aurea 62 (37.1%), R. nepalensis 44 (26.3%), M. piperata 36 (21.6%), H. abyssinica 24 (14.4%), T. schimperi 19 (11.4%), R. abyssinicus 15 (9.0%), and T. foenumgraecum 9 (5.4%). Majority of CAM users 202 (73.5) did not discuss with health professionals about their CAM use. Families and friends 91 (33.1%) were the frontline source of information about CAM use. In a multivariate analysis, female gender patients over 45 years old, rural residence, higher educational level, high average monthly income, presence of complications, greater than 5 years duration of hypertension (HTN), and having a family history of HTN were the independent predictors of CAM use. CONCLUSION The prevalence of CAM use among hypertensive patients was high 275 (67.8%). Factors associated with CAM use are similar to those observed in previous studies, but further research is required to further clarify the opportunities and challenges correlated to CAM use in Ethiopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemene Demelash Kifle
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Dawit Kumilachew Yimenu
- University of Gondar, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Birhanu Berihun Kidanu
- University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Department of Veterinary Pharmacy, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Hughes GD, Aboyade OM, Okonji OC, Clark B, Bawa WA, Xavier C, Rasu RS. Cost of Traditional Herbal Medicines for Noncommunicable Diseases in Rural and Urban Communities in South Africa. Value Health Reg Issues 2021; 29:66-75. [PMID: 34839077 DOI: 10.1016/j.vhri.2021.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study assessed traditional herbal medicine (THM) and conventional medicine (CM) utilization among participants with noncommunicable disease in South Africa. METHODS A cross-sectional study of the Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological study collected data through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires in 2014. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate logistic regression were used to determine the effect of sociodemographic and economic factors on THM and CM use. All statistical analyses were conducted using the statistical computing and graphics language "R." RESULTS Of the total 417 randomly selected participants in this study, 85% were females, 95% with no health insurance, and 81% with monthly incomes of <2000 rand (R) ($137 equivalent) per month. Moreover, 73% spend <R100 per month (6.85 US dollar conversion) on THM compared with 46% of families spending <R100 on CM last year; 7% spent >5% of their income on THM, and 10% say they are willing to pay >R500 per year on THM to feel better. Age was significantly associated with different spending patterns after controlling for other demographic factors, given that older adults were 82% (odds ratio 0.18; 95% confidence interval 0.02-0.93) less likely to pay >R100 for THM whereas younger adults were 59% (odds ratio 0.41; 95% confidence interval 0.17-0.97) less likely to pay for CM. CONCLUSIONS The cost of using THM and CM largely differed by age. The economic insight into this study reveals individuals more willing to pay for THM to payors, which can ultimately clue payors into areas for medication optimization from potential drug-drug interactions and adverse events and, therefore, reduce healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail Denise Hughes
- Department of Medical Biosciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | | | | | - Bobby Clark
- Clark & Associates Statistical Consulting, Nolensville, TN, USA
| | | | | | - Rafia S Rasu
- College of Pharmacy, UNT Health Science Center, TX, USA.
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Abdelmola AO, Bahri A, Abuallut I, Refaei BA, Hakami WK, Abutaleb AK, Mahzari SM, Mashragi MA, Es'haq SA, Aldarbi KF. Prevalence, knowledge, and perception about the use of herbal medicines jazan - Saudi Arabia. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:2386-2393. [PMID: 34322443 PMCID: PMC8284197 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_2475_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to assess the prevalence, knowledge and perception of Jazan province residents about traditional herbal medication. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was done on 440 Saudi residents using an electronically distributed questionnaire. The questionnaire included 39 items divided into 4 parts. Data collected were about demographic characters, knowledge and perception about HM, and HM usage among participants. Results: Most of the participants used HM for therapeutic purposes (80.9%) and (29.5%) believed that mixing herbs together led to more effective results. The participants agreed to a very high degree that inherited culture plays an important role in HM use, however (84.5%) of them never used herbs. The participants used herbs mostly for treatment of diabetes mellitus representing (37%) and hypertension (20.5%). Age, marital status, and the job of participants had a statistically significant effect on participants’ views about HM. While, gender, educational level, income, place of residence and chronic diseases had no statistically significant effect. Conclusion: The highest percentage of the participants used HM for therapeutic purposes. Increasing awareness of Saudi population about instructions and restrictions when using HM is greatly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amani Osman Abdelmola
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Bahri
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Abuallut
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Jazan University, Saudi Arabia
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Hughes GD, Aboyade OM, Okonji CO, Clark B, Mabweazara SZ. Comparison of the prevalence of non-communicable diseases and traditional herbal medicine use in urban and rural communities in South Africa. ADVANCES IN INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aimed.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Otieno HA, Miezah C, Yonga G, Kueffer F, Guy M, Lang'at C, Hettrick DA, Schmieder R. Response to: Cavagna et al The importance of considering cultural and environmental elements in an interventional model of care to fight hypertension in Africa. J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich) 2021; 23:1271-1272. [PMID: 33813794 PMCID: PMC8678702 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gerald Yonga
- School of Medicine, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | | | - Molly Guy
- Medtronic, Inc., Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Roland Schmieder
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of the Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Azizah N, Halimah E, Puspitasari IM, Hasanah AN. Simultaneous Use of Herbal Medicines and Antihypertensive Drugs Among Hypertensive Patients in the Community: A Review. J Multidiscip Healthc 2021; 14:259-270. [PMID: 33568913 PMCID: PMC7868580 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s289156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In various countries, approximately 80% of patients use herbal medicine, both in single form or in combination with antihypertensive drugs, for the treatment of hypertension. Therefore, this research summarized studies on the simultaneous use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs among hypertensive patients in the community. A literature search was conducted on PubMed in April 2020, and the following keywords were used: “herbal medicines” and “antihypertensive patients.” In total, 15 of 263 articles were found to be eligible in the initial research. Results showed that studies were performed in different countries worldwide including America and those in Europe, Asia, and Africa between 1960 and 2020. The factors associated with the use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs were age, gender, education level, income, and residence. Herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs are simultaneously utilized primarily due to their safety and high efficacy. Herbal medicine is frequently recommended by friends or colleagues, herbalists, advertisements, and health workers. Garlic is the most common herbal medicine used along with antihypertensive drugs. The side effects of combination therapy with herbal medicines and prescription drugs for the management of antihypertension include shortness of breath and cough, ulcers, diarrhea, knee cramps, and abdominal discomfort. The lack of communication between patients and health care workers could cause an increase in the simultaneous use of herbal medicines and antihypertensive drugs. Therefore, effective communication among health care workers and appropriate care are important in preventing the side effects and other risks of combined therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Azizah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Muhammadiyah Kuningan Institute of Health Science, Cigugur-Kuningan, West Java, 45551, Indonesia
| | - Eli Halimah
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Irma Melyani Puspitasari
- Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia.,Center of Excellence in Higher Education for Pharmaceutical Care Innovation, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aliya Nur Hasanah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java, 45363, Indonesia
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Aina O, Gautam L, Simkhada P, Hall S. Prevalence, determinants and knowledge about herbal medicine and non-hospital utilisation in southwest Nigeria: a cross-sectional study. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e040769. [PMID: 32912997 PMCID: PMC7485235 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To examine the prevalence, determinants, safety perceptions, effectiveness and knowledge of herbal medicines (HMs) and reasons for non-hospital utilisation. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Ekiti state, southwest Nigeria. PARTICIPANTS A representative sample (n=1600) of adults (18 years or above) currently living in Ekiti state, southwest Nigeria for at least 2 years, at the time of study. RESULTS The majority of the respondents (85% n=1265) have used HMs in the last 2 years. Across economic classes use, middle income (88.3%) was the highest (p<0.001), suggesting poverty is not a major factor, even with income inequality. Their use was the most common among respondents with a primary level of education (91.4%, p=0.001); and 100% use (p=0.009) of respondents practising African traditional religion; farmers and those 70 years or above. Our study also reveals more men (p<0.001) used HMs (89.9%) than women (78.6%) and effectiveness was a major reason for use (39.6%) followed by affordability (31.9%). Although the majority of the respondents (90%) knew the difference between certified and uncertified HMs, uncertified ones were the most commonly used (37.3%) in the population. CONCLUSION Although there is a cultural history of HM use within the study population, the choice of use was based on their effectiveness. Therefore, a scientifically valid analysis of this claim within the study population may help achieve a cheaper and affordable healthcare alternative which will be safe. This is important, considering that uncertified HMs were chosen over certified ones, even though a large majority of respondents were aware of differences and likely consequences. This study highlights the need for further investment by the government, individuals and corporate stakeholders in HM research and improvement of conventional healthcare system. This is in addition to public health awareness on the danger of use of uncertified herbal products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olujimi Aina
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University-Cambridge Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lata Gautam
- School of Life Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University-Cambridge Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Padam Simkhada
- School of Human and Health Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield, UK
| | - Sarah Hall
- Leicester School of Pharmacy, Health and Life Sciences, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK
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Concomitant Use of Herbal and Conventional Medicines among Patients with Diabetes Mellitus in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A Cross-Sectional Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:4871459. [PMID: 32617109 PMCID: PMC7315266 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4871459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The majority of the population in developing countries including Ethiopia still relies on traditional medicines (TMs). Patients with chronic illness like diabetes mellitus (DM) are dissatisfied with conventional medicines and thus are more likely to simultaneously use herbal medicines (HMs). However, such practice could result in potential herb-drug interaction. This study aimed to identify the commonly used HMs among patients with DM and determine the magnitude of concomitant use of herbal and conventional antidiabetic medicines. Method A health facility-based cross-sectional study design was employed using both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods to determine the magnitude of concomitant use. Patients with DM and prescribers from four public hospitals were the study population for the quantitative and qualitative study, respectively. Simple descriptive statistics were used to describe variables for the quantitative data, and content analysis had been conducted manually for qualitative data. Result Out of 791 respondents, 409 (51.7%) used traditional medicine at least once in their life time, and 357 (45.1%) used traditional medicine in the last six months prior to data collection. A majority (288 (80.7%)) of the respondents used HMs after starting the conventional antidiabetic medicines within the last six months. Moringa stenopetala, Thymus vulgaris, Trigonella foenum-graecum, Nigella sativa, and Allium sativum were among the frequently mentioned HMs. Prescribers were requesting patients' HM use when they saw sign of liver toxicity and skin disease, and they were not documenting their history in the patient's chart. Conclusion Concomitant use of herbal and conventional antidiabetic medicines was a common practice. Cognizant of its potentially serious herb-drug interactions, efforts should be made to improve awareness and knowledge of healthcare providers about HM potential effects. Further studies on dose, frequency, duration, and modes of interaction are recommended.
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Lee JW, Hyun MK, Lee JH. Determinants of concurrent use of Biomedicine and Korean Medicine on the hypertension patients: a cross-sectional study. Integr Med Res 2020; 10:100429. [PMID: 32904209 PMCID: PMC7452361 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study assessed the utilization of biomedicine and Korean Medicine (KM) among hypertension patients. Methods The study was a cross-sectional analysis conducted using the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES), which is a nationwide survey conducted every year for a representative Korean population. The use of outpatient healthcare services for hypertension patients was analyzed, and the usage determinants adjusted by the demographic and health status variables were identified. A chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis using R (version 3.6.0). Results Among 3320 hypertension patients, 208 patients (6.27%, Weighted%: 5.99%) used the biomedicine and KM concurrently. Multivariable regression analyses revealed hypertension patients who were obese (OR: 1.417, CI: 1.007–1.995) and had an experience of sickness (OR: 2.323, CI: 1.561–3.457) to be more likely to use biomedicine and KM concurrently. Conclusion The utilization rate and determinants of the concurrent use of biomedicine and KM were identified in patients with hypertension. Although the overall usage rate was not high, the health care patterns of healthcare consumers need to be understood. Therefore, further studies on its effectiveness and safety are recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang Won Lee
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyung Hyun
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hyun Lee
- Hanjoong Hospital of Korean Medicine, Bucheon, Republic of Korea
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18
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De Lange-Jacobs P, Shaikh-Kader A, Thomas B, Nyakudya TT. An Overview of the Potential Use of Ethno-Medicinal Plants Targeting the Renin-Angiotensin System in the Treatment of Hypertension. Molecules 2020; 25:E2114. [PMID: 32366012 PMCID: PMC7249071 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of risk factors associated with cardiovascular disorders present a major public health challenge in both developed countries and countries with emerging economies. Hypertension and associated complications including stroke and myocardial infarction have reached pandemic levels. Current management strategies of hypertension predominantly include the utilization of pharmaceutical drugs which are often associated with undesirable side effects. Moreover, the drugs are often too expensive for populations from resource-limited Southern African rural, and some urban, communities. As a result, most patients rely on ethno-medicinal plants for the treatment of a variety of diseases including cardiovascular and metabolic disorders. The effectiveness of these plants in managing several cardiovascular diseases has been attributed to the presence of bioactive phytochemical constituents. In this review, the treatment options that target the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the management of hypertension were summarized, with special emphasis on ethno-medicinal plants and their influence on the ACE1 RAS pathway. The dearth of knowledge regarding the effect of ethno-medicinal plants on the ACE2 pathway was also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro De Lange-Jacobs
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Corner Beit and Siemert Streets, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; (P.D.L.-J.); (A.S.-K.); (B.T.)
| | - Asma Shaikh-Kader
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Corner Beit and Siemert Streets, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; (P.D.L.-J.); (A.S.-K.); (B.T.)
| | - Bianca Thomas
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Corner Beit and Siemert Streets, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; (P.D.L.-J.); (A.S.-K.); (B.T.)
| | - Trevor T. Nyakudya
- Department of Human Anatomy and Physiology, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, Corner Beit and Siemert Streets, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2000, South Africa; (P.D.L.-J.); (A.S.-K.); (B.T.)
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
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19
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El-Dahiyat F, Rashrash M, Abuhamdah S, Abu Farha R, Babar ZUD. Herbal medicines: a cross-sectional study to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of use among Jordanian adults. J Pharm Policy Pract 2020; 13:2. [PMID: 31988754 PMCID: PMC6971905 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-019-0200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Understanding why adults resort to herbal medicine can help in planning interventions aimed at increasing awareness regarding herbal use. This study sought to investigate the prevalence and to determine factors for predicting the use of herbal medicine among Jordanian adults. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 378 older adults who were randomly selected from two different areas of Jordan. A questionnaire was used to gather data and validation criteria for validity and reliability of the content were tested by content and face validity in a panel of experts. Results From a total of 500 invited participants, 378 completed the questionnaire. The prevalence of the use of of herbal products in this study was high at 80.2%. Herbal medicines use was not associated with any demographic factors other than age (p < 0.05). Moreover, the only associated health-related characteristic was the patient’s disease state including, notably, hypertension (p < 0.05). Reasons for not using herbal medicines as reported by nonusers included mainly a lack of belief in their efficacy (52.2%). Another two important reasons were that the individuals believed themselves to healthy and have no need for their use (31.3%) and the unavailability of enough information about the herbal medicines (29.7%). Finally, the most common side effects as reported by patients in this study were nausea and vomiting (9.3%), and, to a lesser extent, skin rash (2.1%). Conclusion There is a high rate of use of herbal medicines in Jordan, especially among hypertensive patients. Therefore, there is a need to establish effective herbal medicine policies and health education programs to discuss the benefits and risks of herbal medicine use, with the aim of maximizing patient-desired therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris El-Dahiyat
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Alain campus, Al-Ain, P. O Box 64141, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Rashrash
- 2Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Charleston, Charleston, WV USA
| | - Sawsan Abuhamdah
- College of Pharmacy, Al-Ain University, Abu Dhabi campus, Al-Ain, United Arab Emirates.,4Department of Biopharmaceutics and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
| | - Rana Abu Farha
- 5Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
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20
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Zhong Z, Ma G, Zheng F, Duan Y, Ding S, Luo A. Medication Literacy in a Cohort of Chinese Patients Discharged With Essential Hypertension. Front Public Health 2020; 7:385. [PMID: 31998676 PMCID: PMC6962135 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2019.00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In recent years, research on medication literacy has increased in many countries. Medication literacy in patients with essential hypertension affects the management and prognosis of hypertension. Method: This is a cross-sectional study of 147 discharged patients with essential hypertension who were treated at a tertiary hospital in Changsha, Hunan, China, between March and June 2016. The demographic and clinical data of the patients with hypertension were obtained from the medical records. The Chinese version of the Medication Literacy Questionnaire was applied to measure the medication literacy of hypertensive patients from 7 to 30 days after discharge by structured interview. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 19.0. Multiple linear regression was used to analyse the meaningful determinants of medication literacy. Results: The medication literacy of discharged patients with hypertension was poor. More than 70% of patients had no substantial knowledge of the effects and side effects of the medications they were taking, more than 30% of patients did not know the name or dose of the medication, and more than 20% of patients did not know how often to take the medication. Conclusion: It is necessary to conduct targeted health education for discharged patients with essential hypertension to reduce the risks of low medication literacy based on the determinants obtained in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuqing Zhong
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, China.,Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyue Ma
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yinglong Duan
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Siqing Ding
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Aijing Luo
- Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Key Laboratory of Medical Information Research, Central South University, College of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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21
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Faraz I, Ali A, Ul Haq F, Tchamgoue J, Kouam SF, Miana GA, Musharraf SG. Sensitive Determination of C-Alkylated Flavonoids by HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Using Multiple Reaction Monitoring Approach: Pseudarthria hookeri as a Case Study. J Chromatogr Sci 2019; 57:944-949. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmz072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
AbstractOne of the major problems with the formulation of herbal medicines is the quality control of plant material to ensure its efficacy and safety. Quality control of medicinal plants requires analysis of many bioactive compounds present in the plant. C-alkylated flavonoids are an important bioactive subclass of flavonoids. A simple, rapid, sensitive and selective method is presented here for the quantification of bioactive C-alkylated flavonoids. This is the first quantitative method for analysis of C-alkylated flavonoids based on the multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) approach so far. This study focuses on method development for quantification of bioactive C-alkylated flavonoids. Quantification of a total of five C-alkylated flavonoids was done employing the MRM approach on an HPLC-QqQ-MS instrument. LODs and LOQs for quantified flavonoids were in the range of 0.41–1.32 and 1.23–3.96 ng/mL, respectively. Linear calibration curves between 25 and 1500 ng/mL were obtained with the regression coefficients of ≥0.996. Accuracy (% bias) and precision (% RSD) of the analyses were found to be less than 5%. Developed HPLC-ESI-MS/MS can be employed as a quality control method of plant raw materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Faraz
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, University Road, Karachi-75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Ali
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, University Road, Karachi-75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Faraz Ul Haq
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, University Road, Karachi-75270, Sindh, Pakistan
| | - Joseph Tchamgoue
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Simeon F Kouam
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers Training College, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 47, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ghulam Abbas Miana
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad-44000, Pakistan, and
| | - Syed Ghulam Musharraf
- HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, University Road, Karachi-75270, Sindh, Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Centre for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
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Rambod M, Nazarinia M, Raieskarimian F. The prevalence and predictors of herbal medicines usage among adult rheumatoid arthritis patients: A case-control study. Complement Ther Med 2018; 41:220-224. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2018.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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James PB, Wardle J, Steel A, Adams J. Traditional, complementary and alternative medicine use in Sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review. BMJ Glob Health 2018; 3:e000895. [PMID: 30483405 PMCID: PMC6231111 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2018-000895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 171] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The WHO estimates that a considerable number of people in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) rely on traditional, complementary and alternative medicine (TCAM) to meet their primary healthcare needs, yet there remains a dearth of research evidence on the overall picture of TCAM utilisation in the region. Methods We conducted a literature search of original articles examining TCAM use in SSA between 1 January 2006 and 28 February 2017, employing Medline, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, Scopus, ProQuest, PubMed, Embase and African Journals Online databases. A critical appraisal of relevant articles reporting a quantitative or mixed-method design was undertaken. Results Despite the heterogeneity and general low quality of the identified literature, the review highlights a relatively high use of TCAM alone or in combination with orthodox medicine, in both general population and in specific health conditions in SSA. TCAM users compared with non-TCAM users are more likely to be of low socioeconomic and educational status, while there were inconsistencies in age, sex, spatial location and religious affiliation between TCAM users and non-TCAM users. Most TCAM users (55.8%–100%) in SSA fail to disclose TCAM use to their healthcare providers, with the main reasons for non-disclosure being fear of receiving improper care, healthcare providers’ negative attitude and a lack of enquiry about TCAM use from healthcare providers. Conclusion TCAM use in SSA is significant, although most studies emerge from a few countries. Factors associated with TCAM use in SSA are similar to those observed in other regions, but further research may be required to further elucidate challenges and opportunities related to TCAM use specific to SSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bai James
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Jon Wardle
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Amie Steel
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Office of Research, Endeavour College of Natural Health, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jon Adams
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Rashidi Y, Manaflouyan H, Pournaghi Azar F, Nikniaz Z, Nikniaz L, Ghaffari S. Knowledge, attitude and practice of Iranian hypertensive patients regarding hypertension. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res 2018; 10:14-19. [PMID: 29707172 PMCID: PMC5913687 DOI: 10.15171/jcvtr.2018.02] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: This study aimed at evaluating knowledge and awareness of hypertension and the risk factors for hypertension among hypertensive patients.
Methods: In this study, 110 hypertensive patients were enrolled and filled out two self-administered questionnaires. The first questionnaire was about the demographic characteristics and the second one was about the knowledge (n = 10), attitude (n = 9) and practice (n = 8). The internal consistency and the stability of the questionnaires were approved. The Mann-Whitney U test and Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis.
Results: Seventy-three percent of participants know the normal range of hypertension. Most of the participants truly knew that stress (87.3%), obesity (70.9%) and aging (48.2%) are risk factors for hypertension. About 60% of participants knew the complications of uncontrolled hypertension. About 82.7% of participants believed that after adaptation of body to hypertension, there is no need to use antihypertensive drug. About 13.6% of participants measured their blood pressure daily and 11.8% of them measured it once a month. The educational level of participants was significantly associated with knowledge score (P = 0.01). There was a significant correlation between knowledge (P < 0.001) and attitude and also attitude and practice (P < 0.001) scores.
Conclusion: These findings have important implications for developing proper and continuous self-management hypertension education programs in Iran which should mostly emphasize on the practical information about control and prevention programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaseen Rashidi
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hesam Manaflouyan
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Pournaghi Azar
- Iranian Center for Evidence-Based Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zeinab Nikniaz
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Leila Nikniaz
- Tabriz Health Services Management Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Samad Ghaffari
- Cardiovascular Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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James PB, Kamara H, Bah AJ, Steel A, Wardle J. Herbal medicine use among hypertensive patients attending public and private health facilities in Freetown Sierra Leone. Complement Ther Clin Pract 2018; 31:7-15. [PMID: 29705483 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Revised: 12/21/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to determine the prevalence, determinants and pattern of herbal medicine use among hypertensive patients in Freetown. METHODS AND MATERIALS We conducted a cross-sectional study among hypertensive patients attending public and private health facilities in Freetown, Sierra Leone between August and October 2016. We analyzed the data using SPSS version 24. We used Chi-square, Fisher exact two-tailed test and regression analysis for data analysis. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS Out of 260 study participants, over half (n = 148, 56.9%) reported using herbal medicine for the treatment of hypertension alone or together with comorbid condition(s). The most commonly used herbal medicine among users were honey (n = 89, 33.3%), moringa (n = 80, 30.0%) and garlic (n = 73, 27.3%). No significant difference existed between users and non-users of herbal medicine with regards to socio-demographic and health-related factors. The majority (n = 241, 92.7%) of respondents considered herbal medicine beneficial if it was recommended by a healthcare provider yet 85.1% (n = 126) did not disclose their herbal medicine use to their health care provider. CONCLUSION There is a high use of herbal medicines among hypertensive patients in Freetown, Sierra Leone. It is essential for healthcare providers to take heed of the findings of this study and routinely ask their patients about their herbal medicine use status. Such practice will provide the opportunity to discuss the benefits and risks of herbal medicine use with the aim of maximizing patient desired therapeutic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Bai James
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
| | - Halimatu Kamara
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
| | - Abdulai Jawo Bah
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone; Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone.
| | - Amie Steel
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia; Endeavour College of Natural Health, 269 Wickham St, Fortitude Valley, Brisbane, QLD 4006, Australia.
| | - Jon Wardle
- Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia.
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Ibrahim IR, Hassali MA, Saleem F, Al Tukmagi HF, Dawood OT. Use of complementary and alternative medicines: a cross-sectional study among hypertensive patients in Iraq. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jphs.12209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inas Rifaat Ibrahim
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Penang Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Azmi Hassali
- Social and Administrative Pharmacy; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Universiti Sains Malaysia; Penang Malaysia
| | - Fahad Saleem
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; University of Baluchistan; Quetta Pakistan
| | - Haydar F. Al Tukmagi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy; College of Pharmacy; University of Baghdad; Baghdad Iraq
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Eldalo AS, Alotaibi MN, Alenazi TO, Albogami HA, Mohamed KM. Use of Herbal Medicines in the Treatment of Obesity in Taif, Saudi Arabia. SAUDI JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & MEDICAL SCIENCES 2017; 5:149-154. [PMID: 30787774 PMCID: PMC6298359 DOI: 10.4103/1658-631x.204862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide. Herbal medicines are one of the most common alternative therapies for weight loss. The aim of this study was to determine the usage rate of herbal medicines in the city of Taif, Saudi Arabia, and which plants were most commonly used to treat obesity. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted using a pretested questionnaire that was randomly distributed to overweight and obese people in Taif, Saudi Arabia. Results: A total of 422 cases completed the questionnaire with a response rate of 60.3%. The majority of patients (98.1%) used herbal medicines to lose weight, with green tea (88.4%) and ginger (29.5%) being the most commonly used herbs. More than one-third of respondents declared that they suffered from side effects; however, most (72%) of the respondents admitted that they would use herbal medications again. Conclusion: The current study shows a high usage rate of herbal medicines for the treatment of obesity in Saudi Arabia. However, further studies are needed on the risks and benefits of the use of herbal medicines to treat obesity. Pharmacists and health professionals should conduct a community-based awareness program to spread awareness of both the benefits and risks of medicinal herbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Eldalo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweyya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Mosem N Alotaibi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweyya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer O Alenazi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweyya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamdi A Albogami
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweyya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled M Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Al-Haweyya, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
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Lulebo AM, Mapatano MA, Mutombo PB, Mafuta EM, Samba G, Coppieters Y. Prevalence and determinants of use of complementary and alternative medicine by hypertensive patients attending primary health care facilities in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: a cross-sectional study. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:205. [PMID: 28390416 PMCID: PMC5385009 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1722-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the Democratic Republic of the Congo the control of hypertension is poor, characterized by an increasing number of reported cases of hypertension related complications. Poor control of hypertension is associated with non-adherence to antihypertensive medication. It is well established that the use of complementary and alternative medicine is one of the main factors of non-adherence to antihypertensive medication. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the use of complementary and alternative medicine. METHODS A cross-sectional study was carried out at the Kinshasa Primary Health-care (KPHC) facilities network in November 2014. A structured interview questionnaire was administrated to a total of 280hypertensive patients. Complementary and alternative medicine were defined according to the National Institute of Health classification as a group of diverse medical and healthcare systems, practices, and products that are not presently considered to be part of conventional medicine. Data were summarized using proportion and mean (with standard deviation). The student's t test and χ2 test were used respectively for mean and proportion comparison. Logistic regression analysis identified determinants of the use of complementary and alternative medicine. RESULTS The prevalence of use of complementary and alternative medicine was 26.1% (95% CI: 20.7% - 31.8%).Determinants of use of complementary and alternative medicine included misperception about hypertension curability (OR = 2.1; 95%CI: 1.1-3.7) and experience of medication side effects (OR = 2.9; 95%CI: 1.7-5.1). CONCLUSION The use of CAM for hypertensive patients is a major problem; antihypertensives with fewer side effects must be emphasized. Religious leaders must become involved in the communication for behavioral change activities to improve the quality of life for hypertensive patients.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Self-medication is commonly practised by patients, underpinned by health beliefs that affect their adherence to medication regimens, and impacting on treatment outcomes. OBJECTIVES This review explores the scope of self-medication practices among people with hypertension, in terms of the scale of use, types of medication and influencing factors. METHOD A comprehensive search of English language, peer-reviewed literature published between 2000 and 2014 was performed. Twenty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria; 22 of these focused on complementary and alternative medicines (CAMs). RESULTS Anti-hypertensive medications are listed among the 11% of products that patients reportedly obtain over-the-counter (OTC) for self-medication. On average, 25% of patients use CAMs, mostly herbs, to lower blood pressure. Recommendations by family, friends and neighbours are the most influential factors for self-medication with CAMs. Faith in treatment with CAMs, dissatisfaction with conventional medicine and the desire to reduce medication costs are also cited. Most (70%) patients with hypertension take OTC medicines to treat minor illnesses. The concurrent use of anti-hypertensive medications with analgesics and herbal medicines is commonly practised. The sociodemographic profile of patients engaging in self-medication differs markedly in the articles reviewed; self-medication practices cannot be attributed to a particular profile. Low disclosure of self-medication is consistently reported. CONCLUSION This review highlights a high proportion of people with hypertension practise self-medication. Further studies are needed to assess the impact of self-medication with OTC and anti-hypertensive medications on hypertension treatment. Health professionals involved in hypertension management should be mindful of any types of self-medication practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riana Rahmawati
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Islamic University of Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia
| | - Beata V Bajorek
- Graduate School of Health, Discipline of Pharmacy, The University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Department of Pharmacy, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Mothibe ME, Kahler-Venter C, Osuch E. IN VITRO EFFECTS OF A COMMERCIAL HERBAL MEDICINE USED AS AFRICAN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE ON HUMAN NEUTROPHILS. AFRICAN JOURNAL OF TRADITIONAL, COMPLEMENTARY, AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINES 2017; 14:51-60. [PMID: 28480416 PMCID: PMC5412238 DOI: 10.21010/ajtcam.v14i3.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Background: Commercial herbal medicines (CHMs) being marketed as immune boosters or tonics, have gained widespread popularity. The many herbal mixtures sold have not been tested for efficacy and safety, despite their modern packaging and presentations. It is imperative that these herbal mixtures be investigated for their effects on human neutrophils. Methods: The selected herbal mixture (HM), Stametta™ Body healing liquid, is common in retail outlets in Pretoria, South Africa (SA) and is used as an immune booster or intended to strengthen the body. Isolated neutrophils as well as those in whole blood phagocytes were obtained from blood samples collected from consenting healthy adult volunteers. The neutrophils were incubated with the HM at different strengths, and taken through a luminol-enhanced luminescence assay, using activators- phorbol myristate acetate and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine. Results: The HM had variable stimulatory and inhibitory effects on the luminescence activity of healthy isolated and non-isolated human neutrophils. The effects, ranging from weak to potent were either directly or inversely related to the concentration of the HM and were mediated through a direct protein kinase C activating mechanism and an indirect formyl peptide receptor-linked mechanism. Conclusion: The findings have shown the immunomodulatory potential of Stametta™. The in vitro inhibitory and stimulatory effects on neutrophils which are furthermore time-based, suggest variable effects on the immune system, which may be beneficial as well as risky. The effects at different concentrations highlight the importance of appropriate dosing. It would therefore be prudent to caution users of this commercial herbal medicine accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Elżbieta Osuch
- Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa
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Davids D, Gibson D, Johnson Q. Ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants used to manage High Blood Pressure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bitterfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 194:755-766. [PMID: 27780752 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2016] [Revised: 10/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The aim of this study was to identify and document medicinal plants used to manage High Blood Pressure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Bitterfontein, Western Cape Province, South Africa. METHODS One hundred and twelve (112) respondents were interviewed between August 2014 and September 2015 through semi-structured surveys to gather data on the percentage of people who had been diagnosed with High Blood Pressure and/or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and to determine the frequency of medicinal plant and allopathic medicine use. Twelve (12) key respondents were subsequently selected, using a non-probability snowball sampling method. They were interviewed in-depth concerning their plant practices and assisted with plant collection. RESULTS Twenty-four plant (24) species belonging to 15 families were identified for the management of High Blood Pressure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. The most frequently reported families were Asteraceae (20.8%), Lamiaceae (16.67%), Crassulaceae (8.33%) and Aizoaceae (8.33%). The remaining (45.54%) were evenly split over eleven families- Fabaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Capparaceae, Geraniaceae, Apiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Apocynaceae, Rutaceae, Asphodelaceae and Thymelaeaceae. The most commonly used plant species overall was Lessertia frutescens (96.55%). The most frequently used plant parts included leaves (57.63%) roots/bulbs (15.25%) and stems (11.86%), mostly prepared as infusions or decoctions for oral administration. CONCLUSIONS Medicinal plants are widely used by High Blood Pressure and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sufferers. They employ diverse plant species to manage both conditions. In addition, some sufferers often use prescribed allopathic medication, as well as medicinal plants, but at different intervals. Despite high usage the plants identified are not currently threatened (Red Data list status: least concern).
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Affiliation(s)
- Denver Davids
- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of the Western Cape (UWC), Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Diana Gibson
- Department of Anthropology and Sociology, University of the Western Cape (UWC), Bellville, South Africa.
| | - Quinton Johnson
- Nelson Mandela Metro University (NMMU), George, Southern Cape, South Africa.
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Aboyade OM, Beauclair R, Mbamalu ON, Puoane TR, Hughes GD. Health-seeking behaviours of older black women living with non-communicable diseases in an urban township in South Africa. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:410. [PMID: 27776505 PMCID: PMC5078908 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Various studies have shown that non-communicable diseases (NCDs) especially diabetes and hypertension are prevalent among older women living in South African urban areas, placing a heavy burden on the healthcare system. This study aimed to understand the health-seeking behaviour, healthcare practices and prevalence of traditional herbal medicine (THM) use among older women self-reporting NCDs from the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology study (PURE). Method A homogenous purposive sampling of PURE participants was used to recruit women who were 50 years or older (n = 250). Descriptive statistics were used to examine the number of NCDs reported by the study sample, health seeking behaviour and practices as well as THM use. Logistic regression was also employed to investigate possible associations between reported conditions and THM use or medical pluralism. Results Within the study sample, 72 % self-reported an NCD. Of those with self-reported NCDs, 46 % had one, and 54 % had two or more NCDs. Those with NCDs usually visited public clinics (80 %), relied on doctors (90 %) and nurses (85 %) for health information, and mostly used conventional medicine (CM) to manage high blood pressure (81 %). About 30 % of those with NCDs indicated using THM, of whom 29 (53 %) reported practicing medical pluralism. Participants with dental problems (OR: 3.24, 95 % CI: 1.30–8.20), headaches (OR: 2.42, 95 % CI: 1.24–4.94), heart burn (OR: 2.30, 95 % CI: 1.18–4.48) and severe tiredness (OR: 2.05, 95 % CI: 1.08–3.99) were more likely to use THM. Anxiety and allergies increased the likelihood to practise medical pluralism by five and 20 times, respectively. Conclusion Self-reported NCD with co-morbidities was prevalent among the participants in the study. Most of the study participants utilized state-owned clinics and hospitals for the management of their chronic conditions. THM use was not very common. However, among those who used THM, medical pluralism was prevalent. Family history was the most common reason for THM use, with many THM patrons utilizing these for treatment of a health condition. Older black women with anxiety and allergies were more likely to practise medical pluralism.
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Prevalence and Correlates of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use among Hypertensive Patients in Gondar Town, Ethiopia. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:6987636. [PMID: 27843480 PMCID: PMC5097805 DOI: 10.1155/2016/6987636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background. Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies are being widely used by hypertensive patients worldwide. However, evidences regarding CAM use by hypertensive patients in Ethiopia are limited. This study aimed at assessing prevalence and correlates of CAM use among hypertensive patients attending ambulatory clinic at Gondar University Referral Hospital (GURH), Ethiopia. Methods. A cross-sectional study was employed on 423 patients visiting GURH. Descriptive statistics and bivariate and multivariate logistic regression tools were used to analyze/come up with the prevalence and correlates of CAM use. Results. The prevalence of CAM use in our study was found to be 67.8% and herbal based medicine was the most commonly utilized CAM therapies. Majority of CAM users (70.2%) did not disclose CAM use for their physician. However, nearly half of CAM users (48.4%) were satisfied with the result of CAM use. Conclusions. The higher prevalence of CAM use among hypertensive patients coupled with a very low disclosure rate to their health care providers can have a marked potential to cause ineffective hypertensive management and adverse effects due to CAM use. Health care providers should be open to discussing the use of CAM with their patients as it will lead to better health outcome.
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Zhao Y, Ma S. Observations on the Prevalence, Characteristics, and Effects of Self-Treatment. Front Public Health 2016; 4:69. [PMID: 27148515 PMCID: PMC4834428 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims When facing illness, a person may choose self-treatment as an alternative to hospital (and primary care)-based treatment. Despite its important role in health care, the study on self-treatment remains limited. The goal is to collectively report the observations in the literature on the prevalence, characteristics, and effects of self-treatment. Methods Databases (Medline/PubMed and Google Scholar) were searched. Articles were scrutinized for country of origin, sample size, recall period, prevalence, associated factors, etc. Results Published studies have reported that in some regions, the prevalence of self-treatment is high and varies across illness conditions and treatment approaches. Self-medication is the most popular self-treatment approach. Multiple regional, demographic, personal, cultural, and religious factors have been implicated in the pursuit of self-treatment. In addition, accessibility of health care also plays a role. In general, self-treatment has a positive clinical and financial effect. However, there have been concerns on abuse and possible negative effects. Conclusion This article reviews observations made in recent studies on several important aspects of self-treatment. Comprehensive and systematic study is still lacking. Interventions are needed to solve several problems associated with self-treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinjun Zhao
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University , New Haven, CT , USA
| | - Shuangge Ma
- Department of Biostatistics, Yale University , New Haven, CT , USA
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Tran BX, Nguyen NK, Nguyen LP, Nguyen CT, Nong VM, Nguyen LH. Preference and willingness to pay for traditional medicine services in rural ethnic minority community in Vietnam. Altern Ther Health Med 2016; 16:48. [PMID: 26841925 PMCID: PMC4739329 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Traditional medicine (TM) still plays an important role in a number of health care systems around the world, especially across Asian and African countries. In Vietnam, however, little is known about preference for traditional medicine use. This study assessed the prevalence of use, preference, satisfaction, and willingness to pay for TM services amongst rural ethnic minority community. Methods A cross-sectional survey in three provinces in the North and South of Vietnam. Results The results showed a high level of satisfaction with TM services, with more than 90 % of respondents reporting improved health status given the use of TM. Indicators for preference of TM over modern medicine are a longer distance to health station; being in an ethnic minority; being female; and having had higher service satisfaction. Although we did not have a comparison group, the high level of satisfaction with TM services is likely the result of a project targeting community health workers and the public regarding TM education and access promotion. Indeed, the community health workers are credited with relaying the information about TM more than any other sources. This suggests the importance of community health workers and community health centers in the promotion of TM use. Conclusions Ethnic minority people prefer the use of traditional medicine services that supports the expansion of national programs and promotion of traditional medications.
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Gyasi RM, Mensah CM, Siaw LP. Predictors of traditional medicines utilisation in the Ghanaian health care practice: interrogating the Ashanti situation. J Community Health 2015; 40:314-25. [PMID: 25173694 DOI: 10.1007/s10900-014-9937-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Traditional medicine (TRM) use remains universal among individuals, families and communities the world over but the predictive variables of TRM use is still confounding. This population-based study analysed the predictors of TRM use in Ashanti Region, Ghana. A retrospective cross-sectional quantitative survey involving systematic random sampled participants (N = 324) was conducted. Structured interviewer-administered questionnaires were used as research instruments. Data were analysed with logit regression, Pearson's Chi square and Fisher's exact tests from the PASW for Windows application (V. 17.0). Overall, 86.1 % (n = 279) reported use of TRM with biologically-based and distant/prayer therapies as the major forms of TRM utilised in the previous 12 months. Among the general population, TRM use was predicted by having low-income levels [odds ratio (OR) 2.883, confidence interval (CI) 1.142-7.277], being a trader (OR 2.321, CI 1.037-5.194), perceiving TRM as effective (OR 4.430, CI 1.645-11.934) and safe (OR 2.730, CI 0.986-4.321), good affective behaviour of traditional medical practitioner (TMP) (OR 2.943, CI 0.875-9.896) and having chronic ill-health (OR 3.821, CI 1.213-11.311). The prevalence of TRM use is high. The study provides evidence that people's experience, personal attributes, health beliefs, attitude to TRM, attitude of TMP to clients and medical history are largely accountable for the upsurge use of TRM rather than socio-demographic factors. Understanding the health-seeking behaviour of individuals is exigent to ascribe appropriate medical care by health care providers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razak Mohammed Gyasi
- Department of Geography and Rural Development, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Private Mail Bag, University Post Office, Kumasi, Ghana,
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Hughes GD, Aboyade OM, Beauclair R, Mbamalu ON, Puoane TR. Characterizing Herbal Medicine Use for Noncommunicable Diseases in Urban South Africa. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:736074. [PMID: 26557865 PMCID: PMC4629029 DOI: 10.1155/2015/736074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Economic challenges associated with noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) and the sociocultural outlook of many patients especially in Africa have increased dependence on traditional herbal medicines (THMs) for these diseases. A cross-sectional descriptive study designed to determine the prevalence of and reasons for THM use in the management of NCDs among South African adults was conducted in an urban, economically disadvantaged area of Cape Town, South Africa. In a cohort of 1030 participants recruited as part of the existing Prospective Urban and Rural Epidemiological (PURE) study, 456 individuals were identified. The overall prevalence of THM use was 27%, of which 61% was for NCDs. Participants used THM because of a family history (49%) and sociocultural beliefs (33%). Hypertensive medication was most commonly used concurrently with THM. Healthcare professionals need to be aware of the potential dualistic use of THM and conventional drugs by patients, as this could significantly influence health outcomes. Efforts should be made to educate patients on the potential for drug/herb interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gail D. Hughes
- South African Herbal Science and Medicine Institute (SAHSMI), Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Oluwaseyi M. Aboyade
- South African Herbal Science and Medicine Institute, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Roxanne Beauclair
- The South African Centre for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch 7602, South Africa
- International Centre for Reproductive Health (ICRH), Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185 UZP114, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Oluchi N. Mbamalu
- School of Pharmacy, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
| | - Thandi R. Puoane
- School of Public Health, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa
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Colet CDF, Cavalheiro CAN, Dal Molin GT, Cavinatto AW, Schiavo M, Schwambach KH, Oliveira KR. Uso de plantas medicinais por usuários do serviço público de saúde do município de Ijuí/RS. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE MEDICINA DE FAMÍLIA E COMUNIDADE 2015. [DOI: 10.5712/rbmfc10(36)930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Este estudo buscou descrever o uso de plantas medicinais por usuários do Serviço Público de Saúde do município de Ijuí/RS. Métodos: trata-se de estudo transversal, com questionário estruturado, aplicado aos usuários que buscam atendimento no Serviço Público de Saúde do município de Ijuí/RS, nas unidades da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde/Unidade de Saúde do Centro - UESF -, que atende os bairros Luis Fogliatto e Alvorada, e UESF do Meio-Rural. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre março a setembro de 2012 e foi aprovado pelo CEP/UNIJUÍ. Resultados: dos 446 entrevistados, 81,0% utilizam plantas e 71,5% afirmaram utilizá-las por indicação de familiares. As espécies mais citadas foram: Achyrocline satureioides D.C. (Lam.) (marcela) 22,8%, Matricaria chamomilla L. (camomila) 13,5%, Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Br. ex Britton & P. Wilson (cidreira) 9,7%. Quanto às indicações terapêuticas atribuídas às plantas, as mais citadas foram as doenças do trato gastrointestinal, sistema nervoso, distúrbios metabólicos, aparelho respiratório e hipertensão. Algumas destas indicações não encontraram embasamento científico na literatura pesquisada. Conclusão: entende-se necessária a capacitação dos profissionais da área da saúde para garantir a correta orientação ao usuário, bem como o fomento à pesquisa com plantas medicinais para embasar a implementação de políticas públicas de fitoterapia.
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Relationship between Health Insurance Status and the Pattern of Traditional Medicine Utilisation in Ghana. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2015; 2015:717926. [PMID: 26347791 PMCID: PMC4548134 DOI: 10.1155/2015/717926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Revised: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper examines the relationship between national health insurance status and the pattern of traditional medicine (TRM) use among the general population in Ghana. A retrospective cross-sectional survey of randomly sampled adults, aged ≥18 years (N = 324), was conducted. The results indicate that TRM use was high with prevalence of over 86%. The study found no statistically significant association between national health insurance status and TRM utilisation (P > 0.05). Paradoxically, major sources of TRM, frequency of TRM use, comedical administration, and disclosure of TRM use to health care professionals differed significantly between the insured and uninsured subgroups (P < 0.001). Whereas effectiveness of TRM predicted its use for both insured [odds ratio (OR) = 4.374 (confidence interval (CI): 1.753-10.913; P = 0.002)] and uninsured [OR = 3.383 CI: 0.869-13.170; P = 0.039)], work experience predicted TRM use for the insured [OR = 1.528 (95% CI: 1.309-1.900; P = 0.019)]. Cultural specific variables and health philosophies rather than health insurance status may influence health care-seeking behaviour and TRM use. The enrollment of herbal-based therapies on the national health insurance medicine plan is exigent to ensure monitoring and rational use of TRM towards intercultural health care system in Ghana.
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Comparison in the incidence of anorectal malformations between a first- and third-world referral center. Pediatr Surg Int 2015; 31:759-64. [PMID: 26129979 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-015-3740-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Aim of study was to evaluate the differences in incidence and presentation of anorectal malformations (ARMs) between selected Pediatric Surgery Divisions in the Republic of South Africa (ZAR) and Italy. METHODS A retrospective cohort study involved analysis of clinical records of patients with ARM born between 2005 and 2012. Type of ARM, maternal age, birth weight, gestational age, presence of associated anomalies and delayed diagnosis were analyzed. RESULTS 335 patients were included in this study. Of note, statistically significant differences between the African and European patient groups were observed in a male predominance in the ZAR patient population. In addition, female recto-perineal fistulas were diagnosed in significantly more Italian patients than in ZAR. Furthermore, a more advanced maternal age and a lower gestational age was noted in the European cohort with a minimal delay in initial diagnosis as opposed to the African counterpart. Both centers reported recto-perineal fistula as the most common malformation in male patients. CONCLUSION With the exception of perineal fistulas in females, the incidence of specific subtypes of ARMs was similar in the two groups. This may be of importance when extrapolating European study conclusion to the South African setting.
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James PB, Bah AJ. Awareness, use, attitude and perceived need for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) education among undergraduate pharmacy students in Sierra Leone: a descriptive cross-sectional survey. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 14:438. [PMID: 25380656 PMCID: PMC4236455 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The widespread use of CAM around the world requires health professionals including pharmacists to have the required knowledge to better advise their patients. This has lead to an increased need for the inclusion of CAM instruction into the mainstream undergraduate Pharmacy education. This study was designed to describe pharmacy students awareness, use, attitude and perceived need for CAM education at COMAHS-USL and at the same time, determine how these descriptive outcomes are influenced by the socio-demographic variables considered in this study. METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional survey was conducted among undergraduate pharmacy students (n = 90) at the College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone using a structured questionnaire. Chi square, fisher exact test, and general linear model univariate analysis were used to compare data between independent cohorts. RESULTS All 90 (100%) of the students were aware and have used (except Ayurveda) at least one of the listed CAM modalities. Herbal/Botanical/Supplements followed by Spirituality/Prayer were the most commonly known and used CAM modalities. Almost two thirds of students considered the CAM modalities they have used to be effective and not harmful. Overall, pharmacy students had a positive attitude towards CAM (Mean attitudinal score = 34.9 ± 4. 5 (range 19-43)) with fourth and fifth year students showing a significantly less positive attitude as compared to the first, second and third year (B = -3.203 p = 0.001, 95% confidence interval -5.093 to -1.314). The media [53 (58.9%)] was the most frequent source of information about CAM. Nearly all students [89 (98.9%)] agreed that CAM knowledge is important to them as future pharmacist and that CAM should be included into the Pharmacy curriculum at COMAHS-USL [81 (90.0%)]. CONCLUSION Pharmacy students in Sierra Leone are aware of and have used at least one of the CAM modalities and do show a positive attitude towards CAM. This was demonstrated by their overwhelming endorsement for CAM course to be part of the undergraduate pharmacy training at COMAHS-USL. This study among others will inform and guide the development and implementation of CAM instruction at COMAHS-USL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter B James
- />Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- />Complementary and Alternative Medicine Department, Pharmacy Board of Sierra Leone, Medical Stores, Compound New England Ville, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Abdulai J Bah
- />Department of Pharmacology Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine and Allied Health Sciences, University of Sierra Leone, Freetown, Sierra Leone
- />Complementary and Alternative Medicine Department, Pharmacy Board of Sierra Leone, Medical Stores, Compound New England Ville, Freetown, Sierra Leone
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Patterns of Complementary and Alternative Medicine Use, Perceived Benefits, and Adverse Effects among Adult Users in Enugu Urban, Southeast Nigeria. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2014; 2014:239372. [PMID: 24803945 PMCID: PMC3996953 DOI: 10.1155/2014/239372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2013] [Revised: 02/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) is now on the increase. Evidence from studies carried out globally has established that CAM use is very common and varies among populations. This study investigated patterns of CAM use, perceived benefits, and associated harm with CAM use among adults. A cross-sectional study was conducted in three local government areas of Enugu urban, Southeast Nigeria. An interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from all consenting adult participants aged between 18 and 65 years. Of the 732 participants interviewed, 62.8% were females while 37.2% were males. Majority (84.7%) of the participants had used CAM at one time or another. The most commonly used CAM product was the biological products, followed by spiritual therapy. The major route of administration for CAM products was oral and about 40% of the participants combined CAM with conventional medicine. Majority (78.6%) of CAM users benefited from CAM products after using them while a few complained of adverse reactions. As CAM is gaining widespread acceptance and use, there is need for clinical trial on the benefits and adverse effects associated with the use of CAM to facilitate proof of efficacy and safety of the products.
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