1
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Lu C, Gao C, Wei J, Dong D, Sun M. SIRT1-FOXOs signaling pathway: A potential target for attenuating cardiomyopathy. Cell Signal 2024; 124:111409. [PMID: 39277092 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2024.111409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 09/09/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Cardiomyopathy constitutes a global health burden. It refers to myocardial injury that causes alterations in cardiac structure and function, ultimately leading to heart failure. Currently, there is no definitive treatment for cardiomyopathy. This is because existing treatments primarily focus on drug interventions to attenuate symptoms rather than addressing the underlying causes of the disease. Notably, the cardiomyocyte loss is one of the key risk factors for cardiomyopathy. This loss can occur through various mechanisms such as metabolic disturbances, cardiac stress (e.g., oxidative stress), apoptosis as well as cell death resulting from disorders in autophagic flux, etc. Sirtuins (SIRTs) are categorized as class III histone deacetylases, with their enzyme activity primarily reliant on the substrate nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD (+)). Among them, Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is the most intensively studied in the cardiovascular system. Forkhead O transcription factors (FOXOs) are the downstream effectors of SIRT1. Several reports have shown that SIRT1 can form a signaling pathway with FOXOs in myocardial tissue, and this pathway plays a key regulatory role in cell loss. Thus, this review describes the basic mechanism of SIRT1-FOXOs in inhibiting cardiomyocyte loss and its favorable role in cardiomyopathy. Additionally, we summarized the SIRT1-FOXOs related regulation factor and prospects the SIRT1-FOXOs potential clinical application, which provide reference for the development of cardiomyopathy treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxu Lu
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Can Gao
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jinwen Wei
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Dan Dong
- College of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
| | - Mingli Sun
- College of Exercise and Health, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.
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2
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Zhu D, Liang H, Du Z, Liu Q, Li G, Zhang W, Wu D, Zhou X, Song Y, Yang C. Altered Metabolism and Inflammation Driven by Post-translational Modifications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2024; 7:0350. [PMID: 38585329 PMCID: PMC10997488 DOI: 10.34133/research.0350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a prevalent cause of low back pain and a leading contributor to disability. IVDD progression involves pathological shifts marked by low-grade inflammation, extracellular matrix remodeling, and metabolic disruptions characterized by heightened glycolytic pathways, mitochondrial dysfunction, and cellular senescence. Extensive posttranslational modifications of proteins within nucleus pulposus cells and chondrocytes play crucial roles in reshaping the intervertebral disc phenotype and orchestrating metabolism and inflammation in diverse contexts. This review focuses on the pivotal roles of phosphorylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, glycosylation, methylation, and lactylation in IVDD pathogenesis. It integrates the latest insights into various posttranslational modification-mediated metabolic and inflammatory signaling networks, laying the groundwork for targeted proteomics and metabolomics for IVDD treatment. The discussion also highlights unexplored territories, emphasizing the need for future research, particularly in understanding the role of lactylation in intervertebral disc health, an area currently shrouded in mystery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dingchao Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Huaizhen Liang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zhi Du
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Qian Liu
- College of Life Sciences,
Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, China
| | - Gaocai Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weifeng Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Xingyu Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
| | - Cao Yang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College,
Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, Hubei Province, China
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3
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Liu W, Yuan Q, Cao S, Wang G, Liu X, Xia Y, Bian Y, Xu F, Chen Y. Review: Acetylation Mechanisms andTargeted Therapies in Cardiac Fibrosis. Pharmacol Res 2023; 193:106815. [PMID: 37290541 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiological remodeling process that occurs in a variety of cardiovascular diseases and greatly influences heart structure and function, progressively leading to the development of heart failure. However, to date, few effective therapies for cardiac fibrosis exist. Abnormal proliferation, differentiation, and migration of cardiac fibroblasts are responsible for the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix in the myocardium. Acetylation, a widespread and reversible protein post-translational modification, plays an important role in the development of cardiac fibrosis by adding acetyl groups to lysine residues. Many acetyltransferases and deacetylases regulate the dynamic alterations of acetylation in cardiac fibrosis, regulating a range of pathogenic conditions including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and energy metabolism disturbance. In this review, we demonstrate the critical roles that acetylation modifications caused by different types of pathological injury play in cardiac fibrosis. Furthermore, we propose therapeutic acetylation-targeting strategies for the prevention and treatment of patients with cardiac fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qiuhuan Yuan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Shengchuan Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Guoying Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xiangguo Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yanan Xia
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuan Bian
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Institute of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong University, Chest Pain Center, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary-Cerebral Resuscitation Research of Shandong Province, Key Laboratory of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine of Shandong Province, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese Ministry of Health and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Clinical Research and Evaluation of Innovative Drug, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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4
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Butenas ALE, Copp SW, Hageman KS, Poole DC, Musch TI. Effects of comorbid type II diabetes mellitus and heart failure on rat hindlimb and respiratory muscle blood flow during treadmill exercise. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2023; 134:846-857. [PMID: 36825642 PMCID: PMC10042612 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00770.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In rats with type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) compared with nondiabetic healthy controls, muscle blood flow (Q̇m) to primarily glycolytic hindlimb muscles and the diaphragm muscle are elevated during submaximal treadmill running consequent to lower skeletal muscle mass, a finding that held even when muscle mass was normalized to body mass. In rats with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF) compared with healthy controls, hindlimb Q̇m was lower, whereas diaphragm Q̇m is elevated during submaximal treadmill running. Importantly, T2DM is the most common comorbidity present in patients with HF-rEF, but the effect of concurrent T2DM and HF-rEF on limb and respiratory Q̇m during exercise is unknown. We hypothesized that during treadmill running (20 m·min-1; 10% incline), hindlimb and diaphragm Q̇m would be higher in T2DM Goto-Kakizaki rats with HF-rEF (i.e., HF-rEF + T2DM) compared with nondiabetic Wistar rats with HF-rEF. Ejection fractions were not different between groups (HF-rEF: 30 ± 5; HF-rEF + T2DM: 28 ± 8%; P = 0.617), whereas blood glucose was higher in HF-rEF + T2DM (209 ± 150 mg/dL) compared with HF-rEF rats (113 ± 28 mg/dL; P = 0.040). Hindlimb muscle mass normalized to body mass was lower in rats with HF-rEF + T2DM (36.3 ± 1.6 mg/g) than in nondiabetic HF-rEF counterparts (40.3 ± 2.7 mg/g; P < 0.001). During exercise, Q̇m was elevated in rats with HF-rEF + T2DM compared with nondiabetic counterparts to the hindlimb (HF-rEF: 100 ± 28; HF-rEF + T2DM: 139 ± 23 mL·min-1·100 g-1; P < 0.001) and diaphragm (HF-rEF: 177 ± 66; HF-rEF + T2DM: 215 ± 93 mL·min-1·100g-1; P = 0.035). These data suggest that the pathophysiological consequences of T2DM on hindlimb and diaphragm Q̇m during treadmill running in the GK rat persist even in the presence of HF-rEF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Herein, we demonstrate that rats comorbid with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HF-rEF) and type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher hindlimb and respiratory muscle blood flow during submaximal treadmill running (20 m·min-1; 10% incline) compared with nondiabetic HF-rEF counterparts. These data may carry important clinical implications for roughly half of all patients with HF-rEF who present with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alec L E Butenas
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - Steven W Copp
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - K Sue Hageman
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - David C Poole
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
| | - Timothy I Musch
- Department of Kinesiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
- Department of Anatomy and Physiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, United States
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5
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Kondratieva DS, Afanasiev SA, Muslimova EF. Diabetes mellitus — metabolic preconditioning in protecting the heart from ischemic damage? DIABETES MELLITUS 2022. [DOI: 10.14341/dm12933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The negative impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on the cardiovascular system has been confirmed by numerous clinical studies. However, there are experimental studies that show an increase in the resistance of the heart to ischemic and reperfusion damage in animals with DM. This phenomenon is characterized by a smaller size of the infarct zone, better preservation of the contractile function of the myocardium, and a lower incidence of ischemic and reperfusion arrhythmias. It is assumed that at a certain stage in the development of DM, a “metabolic window” is formed, in which metabolic alterations at the cellular level trigger adaptive mechanisms that increase the viability of cardiomyocytes. Published data confirm that the magnitude of the protective effect induced by DM is comparable to, and in some cases even exceeds, the effect of the preconditioning phenomenon. It is recognized that the mechanisms that protect the heart from ischemic and reperfusion damage against the background of DM are universal and are associated with the modulation of the antioxidant system, apoptosis factors, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and signaling systems that ensure cell survival. The one of the main pathogenic factor in DM is hyperglycemia, but under stress it plays the role of an adaptive mechanism aimed at meeting the increased energy demand in pathological conditions. Probably, at a certain stage of DM, hyperglycemia becomes a trigger for the development of protective effects and activates not only signaling pathways, but also the restructuring of energy metabolism, which makes it possible to maintain ATP production at a sufficient level to maintain the vital activity of heart cells under ischemia/reperfusion conditions. It is possible that an increased level of glucose, accompanied by the activation of insulin-independent mechanisms of its entry into cells, as well as the availability of this energy substrate, will contribute to a better restoration of energy production in heart cells after a infarction, which, in turn, will significantly reduce the degree of myocardial damage and will help preserve the contractile function of the heart. Identification of the conditions and mechanisms of the cardioprotective phenomenon induced by DM will make it possible to simulate the metabolic state in which the protection of cardiomyocytes from damaging factors is realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. S. Kondratieva
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center
| | - S. A. Afanasiev
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center
| | - E. F. Muslimova
- Cardiology Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center
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Walkowski B, Kleibert M, Majka M, Wojciechowska M. Insight into the Role of the PI3K/Akt Pathway in Ischemic Injury and Post-Infarct Left Ventricular Remodeling in Normal and Diabetic Heart. Cells 2022; 11:cells11091553. [PMID: 35563860 PMCID: PMC9105930 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the significant decline in mortality, cardiovascular diseases are still the leading cause of death worldwide. Among them, myocardial infarction (MI) seems to be the most important. A further decline in the death rate may be achieved by the introduction of molecularly targeted drugs. It seems that the components of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway are good candidates for this. The PI3K/Akt pathway plays a key role in the regulation of the growth and survival of cells, such as cardiomyocytes. In addition, it has been shown that the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway results in the alleviation of the negative post-infarct changes in the myocardium and is impaired in the state of diabetes. In this article, the role of this pathway was described in each step of ischemia and subsequent left ventricular remodeling. In addition, we point out the most promising substances which need more investigation before introduction into clinical practice. Moreover, we present the impact of diabetes and widely used cardiac and antidiabetic drugs on the PI3K/Akt pathway and discuss the molecular mechanism of its effects on myocardial ischemia and left ventricular remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Walkowski
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (M.W.)
| | - Marcin Kleibert
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Miłosz Majka
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.M.)
| | - Małgorzata Wojciechowska
- Laboratory of Centre for Preclinical Research, Department of Experimental and Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1b, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland; (B.W.); (M.W.)
- Invasive Cardiology Unit, Independent Public Specialist Western Hospital John Paul II, Daleka 11, 05-825 Grodzisk Mazowiecki, Poland
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7
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Men H, Cai H, Cheng Q, Zhou W, Wang X, Huang S, Zheng Y, Cai L. The regulatory roles of p53 in cardiovascular health and disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:2001-2018. [PMID: 33179140 PMCID: PMC11073000 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-020-03694-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains the leading cause of mortality globally, so further investigation is required to identify its underlying mechanisms and potential targets for its prevention. The transcription factor p53 functions as a gatekeeper, regulating a myriad of genes to maintain normal cell functions. It has received a great deal of research attention as a tumor suppressor. In the past three decades, evidence has also shown a regulatory role for p53 in the heart. Basal p53 is essential for embryonic cardiac development; it is also necessary to maintain normal heart architecture and physiological function. In pathological cardiovascular circumstances, p53 expression is elevated in both patient samples and animal models. Elevated p53 plays a regulatory role via anti-angiogenesis, pro-programmed cell death, metabolism regulation, and cell cycle arrest regulation. This largely promotes the development of CVDs, particularly cardiac remodeling in the infarcted heart, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Roles for p53 have also been found in atherosclerosis and chemotherapy-induced cardiotoxicity. However, it has different roles in cardiomyocytes and non-myocytes, even in the same model. In this review, we describe the different effects of p53 in cardiovascular physiological and pathological conditions, in addition to potential CVD therapies targeting p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Men
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - He Cai
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Quanli Cheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Wenqian Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Xiang Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Shan Huang
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA
| | - Yang Zheng
- Department of Cardiovascular Disease, First Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Lu Cai
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Research Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40202, USA.
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8
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Isoliquiritigenin prevents hyperglycemia-induced renal injuries by inhibiting inflammation and oxidative stress via SIRT1-dependent mechanism. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:1040. [PMID: 33288747 PMCID: PMC7721869 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03260-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) as a global health concern is closely related to inflammation and oxidation. Isoliquiritigenin (ISL), a natural flavonoid compound, has been demonstrated to inhibit inflammation in macrophages. Herein, we investigated the effect of ISL in protecting against the injury in STZ-induced type 1 DN and in high glucose-induced NRK-52E cells. In this study, it was revealed that the administration of ISL not only ameliorated renal fibrosis and apoptosis, but also induced the deterioration of renal function in diabetic mice. Mediated by MAPKs and Nrf-2 signaling pathways, respectively, upstream inflammatory response and oxidative stress were neutralized by ISL in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, as further revealed by the results of molecular docking, sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) binds to ISL directly, and the involvement of SIRT1 in ISL-mediated renoprotective effects was confirmed by studies using in vitro models of SIRT1 overexpression and knockdown. In summary, by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress, ISL has a significant pharmacological effect on the deterioration of DN. The benefits of ISL are associated with the direct binding to SIRT1, the inhibition of MAPK activation, and the induction of Nrf-2 signaling, suggesting the potential of ISL for DN treatment.
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9
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Bugyei-Twum A, Ford C, Civitarese R, Seegobin J, Advani SL, Desjardins JF, Kabir G, Zhang Y, Mitchell M, Switzer J, Thai K, Shen V, Abadeh A, Singh KK, Billia F, Advani A, Gilbert RE, Connelly KA. Sirtuin 1 activation attenuates cardiac fibrosis in a rodent pressure overload model by modifying Smad2/3 transactivation. Cardiovasc Res 2019; 114:1629-1641. [PMID: 29800064 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvy131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1) is a prosclerotic cytokine involved in cardiac remodelling leading to heart failure (HF). Acetylation/de-acetylation of specific lysine residues in Smad2/3 has been shown to regulate TGF-β signalling by altering its transcriptional activity. Recently, the lysine de-acetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) has been shown to have a cardioprotective effect; however, SIRT1 expression and activity are paradoxically reduced in HF. Herein, we investigate whether pharmacological activation of SIRT1 would induce cardioprotection in a pressure overload model and assess the impact of SIRT1 activation on TGF-β signalling and the fibrotic response. Methods and results Eight weeks old male C57BL/6 mice were randomized to undergo sham surgery or transverse aortic constriction (TAC) to induce pressure overload. Post-surgery, animals were further randomized to receive SRT1720 or vehicle treatment. Echocardiography, pressure-volume loops, and histological analysis revealed an impairment in cardiac function and deleterious left ventricular remodelling in TAC-operated animals that was improved with SRT1720 treatment. Genetic ablation and cell culture studies using a Smad-binding response element revealed SIRT1 to be a specific target of SRT1720 and identified Smad2/3 as a SIRT1 specific substrate. Conclusion Overall, our data demonstrate that Smad2/3 is a specific SIRT1 target and suggests that pharmacological activation of SIRT1 may be a novel therapeutic strategy to prevent/reverse HF via modifying Smad activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoinette Bugyei-Twum
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Christopher Ford
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Civitarese
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jessica Seegobin
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suzanne L Advani
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jean-Francois Desjardins
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Golam Kabir
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Yanling Zhang
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Melissa Mitchell
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer Switzer
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kerri Thai
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vanessa Shen
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Armin Abadeh
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krishna K Singh
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Filio Billia
- Division of Cardiology, Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, Toronto General Hospital, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Andrew Advani
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Richard E Gilbert
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kim A Connelly
- Division of Cardiology, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael's Hospital, 209 Victoria Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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10
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Sanit J, Prompunt E, Adulyaritthikul P, Nokkaew N, Mongkolpathumrat P, Kongpol K, Kijtawornrat A, Petchdee S, Barrère-Lemaire S, Kumphune S. Combination of metformin and p38 MAPK inhibitor, SB203580, reduced myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury in non-obese type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Exp Ther Med 2019; 18:1701-1714. [PMID: 31410128 PMCID: PMC6676201 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2019.7763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy, especially myocardial ischemia reperfusion (I/R) injury, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. The increasing of basal p38 MAP Kinase (p38 MAPK) activation is a major factor that aggravates cardiac death on diabetic cardiomyopathy. In addition, metformin also shows cardio-protective effects on myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we investigated the effect of the combination between metformin and p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580) in diabetic rats subjected to I/R injury. H9c2 cells were induced into a hyperglycemic condition and treated with metformin, SB203580 or the combination of metformin and SB203580. In addition, cells in both the presence and absence of drug treatment were subjected to simulated ischemia/reperfusion injury. Cell viability and cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were determined. Moreover, the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats were treated with metformin, SB203580, and the combination of metformin and SB203580 for 4 weeks. Diabetic parameters and cardiac functions were assessed. Finally, rat hearts were induced ischemia/reperfusion injury for the purpose of infarct size analysis and determination of signal transduction. A high-glucose condition did not reduce cell viability but significantly increased ROS production and significantly decreased cell viability after induced sI/R. Treatment using drugs was shown to reduce ROS generation and cardiac cell death. The GK rats displayed diabetic phenotype by increasing diabetic parameters and these parameters were significantly decreased when treated with drugs. Treatment with metformin or SB203580 could significantly reduce the infarct size. Interestingly, the combination of metformin and SB203580 could enhance cardio-protective ability. Myocardial I/R injury significantly increased p38 MAPK phosphorylation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and caspase-3 level. Treatment with drugs significantly decreased the p38 MAPK phosphorylation, Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase-3 level and increased Akt phosphorylation. In conclusion, using the combination of metformin and SB203580 shows positive cardio-protective effects on diabetic ischemic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jantira Sanit
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Eakkapote Prompunt
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, Phayao 56000, Thailand
| | - Punyanuch Adulyaritthikul
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Nuttikarn Nokkaew
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Podsawee Mongkolpathumrat
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Kantapich Kongpol
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10240, Thailand
| | - Soontaree Petchdee
- Department of Large Animal and Wildlife Clinical Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, Nakhorn Pathom 73140, Thailand
| | | | - Sarawut Kumphune
- Biomedical Research Unit in Cardiovascular Sciences (BRUCS), Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Graduate Program in Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand
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11
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Ghosh N, Katare R. Molecular mechanism of diabetic cardiomyopathy and modulation of microRNA function by synthetic oligonucleotides. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2018; 17:43. [PMID: 29566757 PMCID: PMC5863891 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-018-0684-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a chronic complication in individuals with diabetes and is characterized by ventricular dilation and hypertrophy, diastolic dysfunction, decreased or preserved systolic function and reduced ejection fraction eventually resulting in heart failure. Despite being well characterized, the fundamental mechanisms leading to DCM are still elusive. Recent studies identified the involvement of small non-coding small RNA molecules such as microRNAs (miRs) playing a key role in the etiology of DCM. Therefore, miRs associated with DCM represents a new class of targets for the development of mechanistic therapeutics, which may yield marked benefits compared to other therapeutic approaches. Indeed, few miRs currently under active clinical investigation, with many expressing cautious optimism that miRs based therapies will succeed in the coming years. The major caution in using miRs based therapy is the need to improve the stability and specificity following systemic injection, which can be achieved through chemical and structural modification. In this review, we first discuss the established role of miRs in DCM and the advances in miRs based therapeutic strategies for the prevention/treatment of DCM. We next discuss the currently employed chemical modification of miR oligonucleotides and their utility in therapies specifically focusing on the DCM. Finally, we summarize the commonly used delivery system and approaches for assessment of miRNA modulation and potential off-target effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nilanjan Ghosh
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010 New Zealand
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of Physiology-HeartOtago, University of Otago, 270, Great King Street, Dunedin, 9010 New Zealand
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12
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Premature activation of aging-associated molecular mechanisms is emerging as an important contributor to many diseases, including scleroderma. Among central regulators of the aging process are a group of histone deacetylases called sirtuins (SIRTs). Recent findings implicate these molecules as pathophysiological players in scleroderma skin and lung fibrosis. The goal of this article is to review recent studies on the involvement of SIRTs in scleroderma from the perspective of aging-related molecular mechanisms. RECENT FINDINGS Despite a degree of controversy in this rapidly developing field, the majority of data suggest that SIRT levels are decreased in tissues from patients with scleroderma compared to healthy controls as well as in animal models of scleroderma. Molecular studies reveal several mechanisms through which declining SIRT levels contribute to fibrosis, with the most attention given to modulation of the TGF-β signaling pathway. Activation of SIRTs in cell culture and in animal models elicits antifibrotic effects. Declining SIRT levels and activity are emerging as pathophysiological contributors to scleroderma. Restoration of SIRTs may be therapeutic in patients with scleroderma.
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13
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Voltage dependence of the Ca 2+ transient in endocardial and epicardial myocytes from the left ventricle of Goto-Kakizaki type 2 diabetic rats. Mol Cell Biochem 2018; 446:25-33. [PMID: 29318456 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-018-3269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major global health disorder and, currently, over 450 million people have diabetes with 90% suffering from type 2 diabetes. Left untreated, diabetes may lead to cardiovascular diseases which are a leading cause of death in diabetic patients. Calcium is the trigger and regulator of cardiac muscle contraction and derangement in cellular Ca2+ homeostasis, which can result in heart failure and sudden cardiac death. It is of paramount importance to investigate the regional involvement of Ca2+ in diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the voltage dependence of the Ca2+ transients in endocardial (ENDO) and epicardial (EPI) myocytes from the left ventricle of the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats, an experimental model of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Simultaneous measurement of L-type Ca2+ currents and Ca2+ transients was performed by whole-cell patch clamp techniques. GK rats displayed significantly increased heart weight, heart weight/body weight ratio, and non-fasting and fasting blood glucose compared to controls (CON). Although the voltage dependence of L-type Ca2+ current was unaltered, the voltage dependence of the Ca2+ transients was reduced to similar extents in EPI-GK and ENDO-GK compared to EPI-CON and ENDO-CON myocytes. TPK L-type Ca2+ current and Ca2+ transient were unaltered. THALF decay of L-type Ca2+ current was unaltered; however, THALF decay of the Ca2+ transient was shortened in ENDO and EPI myocytes from GK compared to CON rat hearts. In conclusion, the amplitude of L-type Ca2+ current was unaltered; however, the voltage dependence of the Ca2+ transient was reduced to similar extents in EPI and ENDO myocytes from GK rats compared to their respective controls, suggesting the possibility of dysfunctional sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ transport in the GK diabetic rat hearts.
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14
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Al Kury L, Smail M, Qureshi MA, Sydorenko V, Shmygol A, Oz M, Singh J, Howarth FC. Calcium Signaling in the Ventricular Myocardium of the Goto-Kakizaki Type 2 Diabetic Rat. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:2974304. [PMID: 29850600 PMCID: PMC5914098 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2974304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and high mortality linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a major concern worldwide. Clinical and preclinical studies have demonstrated a variety of diastolic and systolic dysfunctions in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) with the severity of abnormalities depending on the patients' age and duration of diabetes. The cellular basis of hemodynamic dysfunction in a type 2 diabetic heart is still not well understood. The aim of this review is to evaluate our current understanding of contractile dysfunction and disturbances of Ca2+ transport in the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) diabetic rat heart. The GK rat is a widely used nonobese, nonhypertensive genetic model of T2DM which is characterized by insulin resistance, elevated blood glucose, alterations in blood lipid profile, and cardiac dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Al Kury
- College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - M. Smail
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - M. A. Qureshi
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - V. Sydorenko
- Department of Cellular Membranology, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - A. Shmygol
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
| | - M. Oz
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - J. Singh
- School of Forensic & Applied Sciences, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK
| | - F. C. Howarth
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine & Health Sciences, UAE University, Al Ain, UAE
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15
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Yuan F, Liu L, Lei Y, Tang P. p53 inhibits the upregulation of sirtuin 1 expression induced by c-Myc. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:4396-4402. [PMID: 28943955 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), a conserved NAD+ dependent deacetylase, is a mediator of life span by calorie restriction. However, Sirt1 may paradoxically increase the risk of cancer. Accordingly, the expression level of Sirt1 is selectively elevated in numerous types of cancer cell; however, the mechanisms underlying the differential regulation remain largely unknown. The present study demonstrated that oncoprotein c-Myc was a direct regulator of Sirt1, which accounts for the upregulation of Sirt1 expression only in the cells without functional p53. In p53 deficient cells, the overexpression of c-Myc increased Sirt1 mRNA and protein expression levels as well as its promoter activity, whereas the inhibitor of c-Myc, 10058-F4, induced decreased Sirt1 basal mRNA and protein expression levels. Deletion/mutation mapping analyses revealed that c-Myc bound to the conserved E-box[-189 to -183 base pair (bp)] of the Sirt1 promoter. In addition, p53 and c-Myc shared at least response element and the presence of p53 may block the binding of c-Myc to the Sirt1 promoter, thus inhibit the c-Myc mediated upregulation of Sirt1 promoter activity. The present study indicated that the expression level of Sirt1 was tightly regulated by oncoprotein c-Myc and tumor suppressor p53, which aids an improved understanding of its expression regulation and tumor promoter role in certain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
| | - Yonghong Lei
- Key Laboratory of Wound Repair and Regeneration of The First Affiliated Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, P.R. China
| | - Peifu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, General Hospital of Chinese PLA, Beijing 100853, P.R. China
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16
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Chernikov AA, Severina AS, Shamhalova MS, Shestakova MV. The role of «metabolic memory» mechanisms in the development and progression of vascular complications of diabetes mellitus. DIABETES MELLITUS 2017. [DOI: 10.14341/7674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The study of diabetes mellitus (DM), its complications and related pathologies has been continuously performed for many years; however, despite the substantial work and outstanding achievements in studying the mechanisms of DM development and the success of new medicinal products for controlling glycaemia, the problems associated with the late complications of DM continue to increase. The importance of glycaemic control in the early stages of DM for the development of complications is seen only after a sufficiently long period of observation. Such a delayed effect of primary good or unsatisfactory metabolic control, which shapes the patients clinical fate to a greater extent, is termed metabolic memory. The disorders developed under the influence of hyperglycaemia persist for long periods after the normalisation of carbohydrate metabolism; moreover, the effect of previous hyperglycaemia extends over the next 20 and even 30 years. Current research is focused on the possible mechanisms of metabolic memory development, including oxidative stress, advanced glycation end products and epigenetic mechanisms. This research will provide insight into potential markers for the early development and progression of vascular complications and new therapeutic possibilities for the future. However, determining the probable point of no return is more important, which implies that a point exists; after this point is crossed, the progression of vascular complications associated with DM cannot be prevented or reversed. The results of numerous experimental studies demonstrate that the prerequisite components of metabolic memory can be used as potential markers of the progression of DM complications, and may be potential therapeutic targets.
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17
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Korkmaz-Icöz S, Lehner A, Li S, Vater A, Radovits T, Brune M, Ruppert M, Sun X, Brlecic P, Zorn M, Karck M, Szabó G. Left ventricular pressure-volume measurements and myocardial gene expression profile in type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2016; 311:H958-H971. [DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00956.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rat, a non-obese model of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), was generated by the selective inbreeding of glucose-intolerant Wistar rats. This is a convenient model for studying diabetes-induced cardiomyopathy independently from the effects of the metabolic syndrome. We investigated the myocardial functional and structural changes and underlying molecular pathomechanisms of short-term and mild T2DM. The presence of DM was confirmed by an impaired oral glucose tolerance in the GK rats compared with the age-matched nondiabetic Wistar rats. Data from cardiac catheterization showed that in GK rats, although the systolic indexes were not altered, the diastolic stiffness was increased compared with nondiabetics (end-diastolic-pressure-volume-relationship: 0.12 ± 0.04 vs. 0.05 ± 0.01 mmHg/μl, P < 0.05). Additionally, DM was associated with left-ventricular hypertrophy and histological evidence of increased myocardial fibrosis. The plasma pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, the cardiac troponin-T, glucose, and the urinary glucose concentrations were significantly higher in GK rats. Among the 125 genes surveyed using PCR arrays, DM significantly altered the expression of five genes [upregulation of natriuretic peptide precursor-A and connective tissue growth factor, downregulation of c-reactive protein, interleukin-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α mRNA-level]. Of the altered genes, which were evaluated by Western blot, only TNF-α protein expression was significantly decreased. The ECG recordings revealed no significant differences. In conclusion, while systolic dysfunction, myocardial inflammation, and abnormal electrical conduction remain absent, short-term and mild T2DM induce the alteration of cardiac TNF-α at both the mRNA and protein levels. Further assessments are required to reveal if TNF-α plays a role in the early stage of diabetic cardiomyopathy development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevil Korkmaz-Icöz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alice Lehner
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Shiliang Li
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian Vater
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Tamás Radovits
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; and
| | - Maik Brune
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mihály Ruppert
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
- Heart and Vascular Center, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; and
| | - Xiaoxin Sun
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Paige Brlecic
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Markus Zorn
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Karck
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gábor Szabó
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Bai T, Wang F, Mellen N, Zheng Y, Cai L. Diabetic cardiomyopathy: role of the E3 ubiquitin ligase. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2016; 310:E473-83. [PMID: 26732687 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00467.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is the leading cause of mortality in diabetes. As the number of cases of diabetes continues to rise, it is urgent to develop new strategies to protect against DCM, which is characterized by cardiac hypertrophy, increased apoptosis, fibrosis, and altered insulin metabolism. The E3 ubiquitin ligases (E3s), one component of the ubiquitin-proteasome system, play vital roles in all of the features of DCM listed above. They also modulate the activity of several transcription factors involved in the pathogenesis of DCM. In addition, the E3s degrade both insulin receptor and insulin receptor substrates and also regulate insulin gene transcription, leading to insulin resistance and insulin deficiency. Therefore, the E3s may be a driving force for DCM. This review summarizes currently available studies to analyze the roles of the E3s in DCM, enriches our knowledge of how DCM develops, and provides a novel strategy to protect heart from diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Bai
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China; Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Fan Wang
- Internal Medicine, People's Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, China; and
| | - Nicholas Mellen
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Yang Zheng
- Cardiovascular Center, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China;
| | - Lu Cai
- Kosair Children's Hospital Research Institute, Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
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19
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Zhang E, Guo Q, Gao H, Xu R, Teng S, Wu Y. Metformin and Resveratrol Inhibited High Glucose-Induced Metabolic Memory of Endothelial Senescence through SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 Pathway. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143814. [PMID: 26629991 PMCID: PMC4668014 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelial senescence plays crucial roles in diabetic vascular complication. Recent evidence indicated that transient hyperglycaemia could potentiate persistent diabetic vascular complications, a phenomenon known as "metabolic memory." Although SIRT1 has been demonstrated to mediate high glucose-induced endothelial senescence, whether and how "metabolic memory" would affect endothelial senescence through SIRT1 signaling remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the involvement of SIRT1 axis as well as the protective effects of resveratrol (RSV) and metformin (MET), two potent SIRT1 activators, during the occurrence of "metabolic memory" of cellular senescence (senescent "memory"). Human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVECs) were cultured in either normal glucose (NG)/high glucose (HG) media for 6 days, or 3 days of HG followed by 3 days of NG (HN), with or without RSV or MET treatment. It was shown that HN incubation triggered persistent downregulation of deacetylase SIRT1 and upregulation of acetyltransferase p300, leading to sustained hyperacetylation (at K382) and activation of p53, and subsequent p53/p21-mediated senescent "memory." In contrast, senescent "memory" was abrogated by overexpression of SIRT1 or knockdown of p300. Interestingly, we found that SIRT1 and p300 could regulate each other in response to HN stimulation, suggesting that a delicate balance between acetyltransferases and deacetylases may be particularly important for sustained acetylation and activation of non-histone proteins (such as p53), and eventually the occurrence of "metabolic memory." Furthermore, we found that RSV or MET treatment prevented senescent "memory" by modulating SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway. Notably, early and continuous treatment of MET, but not RSV, was particularly important for preventing senescent "memory." In conclusion, short-term high glucose stimulation could induce sustained endothelial senescence via SIRT1/p300/p53/p21 pathway. RVS or MET treatment could enhance SIRT1-mediated signaling and thus protect against senescent "memory" independent of their glucose lowering mechanisms. Therefore, they may serve as promising therapeutic drugs against the development of "metabolic memory."
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Affiliation(s)
- Erli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qianyun Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruixia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Siyong Teng
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yongjian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Institute, Fuwai Hospital, and National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- * E-mail:
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Yu L, Liang H, Dong X, Zhao G, Jin Z, Zhai M, Yang Y, Chen W, Liu J, Yi W, Yang J, Yi D, Duan W, Yu S. Reduced silent information regulator 1 signaling exacerbates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in type 2 diabetic rats and the protective effect of melatonin. J Pineal Res 2015; 59:376-90. [PMID: 26327197 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases myocardial oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Melatonin confers cardioprotective effect by suppressing oxidative damage. However, the effect and mechanism of melatonin on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury in type 2 diabetic state are still unknown. In this study, we developed high-fat diet-fed streptozotocin (HFD-STZ) rat, a well-known type 2 diabetic model, to evaluate the effect of melatonin on MI/R injury with a focus on silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) signaling, oxidative stress, and PERK/eIF2α/ATF4-mediated ER stress. HFD-STZ treated rats were exposed to melatonin treatment in the presence or the absence of sirtinol (a SIRT1 inhibitor) and subjected to MI/R surgery. Compared with nondiabetic animals, type 2 diabetic rats exhibited significantly decreased myocardial SIRT1 signaling, increased apoptosis, enhanced oxidative stress, and ER stress. Additionally, further reduced SIRT1 signaling, aggravated oxidative damage, and ER stress were found in diabetic animals subjected to MI/R surgery. Melatonin markedly reduced MI/R injury by improving cardiac functional recovery and decreasing myocardial apoptosis in type 2 diabetic animals. Melatonin treatment up-regulated SIRT1 expression, reduced oxidative damage, and suppressed PERK/eIF2α/ATF4 signaling. However, these effects were all attenuated by SIRT1 inhibition. Melatonin also protected high glucose/high fat cultured H9C2 cardiomyocytes against simulated ischemia-reperfusion injury-induced ER stress by activating SIRT1 signaling while SIRT1 siRNA blunted this action. Taken together, our study demonstrates that reduced cardiac SIRT1 signaling in type 2 diabetic state aggravates MI/R injury. Melatonin ameliorates reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and ER stress via activation of SIRT1 signaling, thus reducing MI/R damage and improving cardiac function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongliang Liang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaochao Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Guolong Zhao
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, General Hospital, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Zhenxiao Jin
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Mengen Zhai
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wensheng Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jincheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Dinghua Yi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Weixun Duan
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shiqiang Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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Consolaro F, Ghaem-Maghami S, Bortolozzi R, Zona S, Khongkow M, Basso G, Viola G, Lam EWF. FOXO3a and Posttranslational Modifications Mediate Glucocorticoid Sensitivity in B-ALL. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1578-90. [PMID: 26376801 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-15-0127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Glucocorticoids are widely used to treat B acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL); however, the molecular mechanism underlying glucocorticoid response and resistance is unclear. In this study, the role and regulation of FOXO3a in mediating the dexamethasone response in B-ALL were investigated. The results show that FOXO3a mediates the cytotoxic function of dexamethasone. In response to dexamethasone, it was found that FOXO3a translocates into the nucleus, where it induces the expression of downstream targets, including p27Kip1 and Bim, important for proliferative arrest and cell death in the sensitive RS4;11 and SUP-B15 B-ALL cells. FOXO3a activation by dexamethasone is mediated partially through the suppression of the PI3K/Akt signaling cascade. Furthermore, two posttranslational modifications were uncovered, phosphorylation on Ser-7 and acetylation on Lys-242/5, that associated with FOXO3a activation by dexamethasone. Immunoblot analysis showed that the phosphorylation on Ser-7 of FOXO3a is associated with p38/JNK activation, whereas the acetylation on Lys-242/5 is correlated with the downregulation of SIRT1/2/6 and the induction of the acetyltransferase CBP/p300. Collectively, these results indicate that FOXO3a is essential for dexamethasone response in B-ALL cells, and its nuclear translocation and activation is associated with its phosphorylation on Ser-7 and acetylation on Lys-242/245. These posttranslational events can be exploited as biomarkers for B-ALL diagnosis and as drug targets for B-ALL treatment, particularly for overcoming the glucocorticoid resistance. IMPLICATIONS FOXO3a and its posttranslational regulation are essential for dexamethasone response, and targeting FOXO3a and sirtuins may enhance the dexamethasone-induced cytotoxicity in B-ALL cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Consolaro
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, United Kingdom. Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sadaf Ghaem-Maghami
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberta Bortolozzi
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Stefania Zona
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Mattaka Khongkow
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, United Kingdom
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Dipartimento di Salute della Donna e del Bambino, Laboratorio di Oncoematologia, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, United Kingdom.
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Koronowski KB, Dave KR, Saul I, Camarena V, Thompson JW, Neumann JT, Young JI, Perez-Pinzon MA. Resveratrol Preconditioning Induces a Novel Extended Window of Ischemic Tolerance in the Mouse Brain. Stroke 2015; 46:2293-8. [PMID: 26159789 PMCID: PMC4519394 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.115.009876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2015] [Accepted: 06/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Prophylactic treatments that afford neuroprotection against stroke may emerge from the field of preconditioning. Resveratrol mimics ischemic preconditioning, reducing ischemic brain injury when administered 2 days before global ischemia in rats. This protection is linked to silent information regulator 2 homologue 1 (Sirt1) and enhanced mitochondrial function possibly through its repression of uncoupling protein 2. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is another neuroprotective protein associated with Sirt1. In this study, we sought to identify the conditions of resveratrol preconditioning (RPC) that most robustly induce neuroprotection against focal ischemia in mice. METHODS We tested 4 different RPC paradigms against a middle cerebral artery occlusion model of stroke. Infarct volume and neurological score were calculated 24 hours after middle cerebral artery occlusion. Sirt1-chromatin binding was evaluated by ChIP-qPCR. Percoll gradients were used to isolate synaptic fractions, and changes in protein expression were determined via Western blot analysis. BDNF concentration was measured using a BDNF-specific ELISA assay. RESULTS Although repetitive RPC induced neuroprotection from middle cerebral artery occlusion, strikingly one application of RPC 14 days before middle cerebral artery occlusion showed the most robust protection, reducing infarct volume by 33% and improving neurological score by 28%. Fourteen days after RPC, Sirt1 protein was increased 1.5-fold and differentially bound to the uncoupling protein 2 and BDNF promoter regions. Accordingly, synaptic uncoupling protein 2 level decreased by 23% and cortical BDNF concentration increased 26%. CONCLUSIONS RPC induces a novel extended window of ischemic tolerance in the brain that lasts for at least 14 days. Our data suggest that this tolerance may be mediated by Sirt1 through upregulation of BDNF and downregulation of uncoupling protein 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin B Koronowski
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Kunjan R Dave
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Isabel Saul
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Vladimir Camarena
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - John W Thompson
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Jake T Neumann
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Juan I Young
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Miguel A Perez-Pinzon
- From the Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Laboratories (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), Department of Neurology (K.B.K., K.R.D., I.S., J.W.T., J.T.N., M.A.P.-P.), and Neuroscience Program (K.B.K., K.R.D., J.I.Y., M.A.P.-P.), Hussman Institute for Human Genetics (V.C., J.I.Y.), University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL.
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Li X, Du N, Zhang Q, Li J, Chen X, Liu X, Hu Y, Qin W, Shen N, Xu C, Fang Z, Wei Y, Wang R, Du Z, Zhang Y, Lu Y. MicroRNA-30d regulates cardiomyocyte pyroptosis by directly targeting foxo3a in diabetic cardiomyopathy. Cell Death Dis 2014; 5:e1479. [PMID: 25341033 PMCID: PMC4237254 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2014.430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 08/27/2014] [Accepted: 09/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is a common cardiac condition in patients with diabetes mellitus, which can result in cardiac hypertrophy and subsequent heart failure, associated with pyroptosis, the pro-inflammatory programmed cell death. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small endogenous non-coding RNAs, have been shown to be involved in diabetic cardiomyopathy. However, whether miRNAs regulate pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy remains unknown. Our study revealed that mir-30d expression was substantially increased in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and in high-glucose-treated cardiomyocytes as well. Upregulation of mir-30d promoted cardiomyocyte pyroptosis in diabetic cardiomyopathy; conversely, knockdown of mir-30d attenuated it. In an effort to understand the signaling mechanisms underlying the pro-pyroptotic property of mir-30d, we found that forced expression of mir-30d upregulated caspase-1 and pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-18. Moreover, mir-30d directly repressed foxo3a expression and its downstream protein, apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC). Furthermore, silencing ARC by siRNA mimicked the action of mir-30d: upregulating caspase-1 and inducing pyroptosis. These findings promoted us to propose a new signaling pathway leading to cardiomyocyte pyroptosis under hyperglycemic conditions: mir-30d↑→foxo3a↓→ ARC↓→caspase-1↑→IL-1β, IL-18↑→pyroptosis↑. Therefore, mir-30d may be a promising therapeutic target for the management of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - N Du
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Q Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - J Li
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - X Chen
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - X Liu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Hu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - W Qin
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - N Shen
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - C Xu
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Z Fang
- Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Wei
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150001, China
| | - R Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Z Du
- 1] Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China [2] Institute of Clinical Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Zhang
- 1] Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China [2] Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Y Lu
- 1] Department of Pharmacology (State-Province Key Laboratories of Biomedicine-Pharmaceutics of China, Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research, Ministry of Education), Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China [2] Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, China
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Yu SS, Cai Y, Ye JT, Pi RB, Chen SR, Liu PQ, Shen XY, Ji Y. Sirtuin 6 protects cardiomyocytes from hypertrophy in vitro via inhibition of NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity. Br J Pharmacol 2014; 168:117-28. [PMID: 22335191 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01903.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Sirtuin 6 (SIRT6) is involved in regulation of glucose and fat metabolism. However, its possible contribution to cardiac dysfunction remains to be determined. In the present study, the effect of SIRT6 on cardiac hypertrophy induced by angiotensin II (AngII) and the underlying molecular mechanisms were investigated. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH The expression and deacetylase activity of SIRT6 were measured in hypertrophic cardiomyocytes induced by AngII. After SIRT6 overexpression by transfection, or depletion by RNA interference in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes, cellular hypertrophy was monitored by measuring cell surface area and the mRNA levels of hypertrophic biomarkers. Further, the interaction between SIRT6 and the transcription factor NF-κB was investigated by co-immunoprecipitation, confocal immunofluorescence microscopy and luciferase reporter gene assay. The expression and deacetylase activity of SIRT6 were measured in vivo, using the abdominal aortic constriction (AAC) model of cardiac hypertrophy in rats. KEY RESULTS In AngII-induced hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and also in AAC-induced hypertrophic hearts, the expression of SIRT6 protein was upregulated, while its deacetylase activity was decreased. Overexpression of wild-type SIRT6 but not its catalytically inactive mutant, attenuated AngII-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. We further demonstrated a physical interaction between SIRT6 and NF-κB catalytic subunit p65, whose transcriptional activity could be repressed by SIRT6 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our findings suggest that SIRT6 suppressed cardiomyocyte hypertrophy in vitro via inhibition of NF-κB-dependent transcriptional activity and that this effect was dependent on its deacetylase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Yu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Yang Y, Duan W, Li Y, Jin Z, Yan J, Yu S, Yi D. Novel role of silent information regulator 1 in myocardial ischemia. Circulation 2014; 128:2232-40. [PMID: 24218438 DOI: 10.1161/circulationaha.113.002480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China (Y.Y., W.D., Z.J., S.Y., D.Y.); Team 10, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China (Y.L.); and Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, China (J.Y.)
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26
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Turner RC, Lucke-Wold B, Lucke-Wold N, Elliott AS, Logsdon AF, Rosen CL, Huber JD. Neuroprotection for ischemic stroke: moving past shortcomings and identifying promising directions. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:1890-917. [PMID: 23344061 PMCID: PMC3565354 DOI: 10.3390/ijms14011890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2012] [Revised: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 01/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The translation of neuroprotective agents for ischemic stroke from bench-to-bedside has largely failed to produce improved treatments since the development of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA). One possible reason for lack of translation is the failure to acknowledge the greatest risk factor for stroke, age, and other common comorbidities such as hypertension, obesity, and diabetes that are associated with stroke. In this review, we highlight both mechanisms of studying these factors and results of those that have been addressed. We also discuss the potential role of other lifestyle factors associated with an increased stroke risk such as sleep fragmentation and/or deprivation. Furthermore, many proposed therapeutic agents have targeted molecular mechanisms occurring soon after the onset of ischemia despite data indicating delayed patient presentation following ischemic stroke. Modulating inflammation has been identified as a promising therapeutic avenue consistent with preliminary success of ongoing clinical trials for anti-inflammatory compounds such as minocycline. We review the role of inflammation in stroke and in particular, the role of inflammatory cell recruitment and macrophage phenotype in the inflammatory process. Emerging evidence indicates an increasing role of neuro-immune crosstalk, which has led to increased interest in identification of peripheral biomarkers indicative of neural injury. It is our hope that identification and investigation of factors influencing stroke pathophysiology may lead to improved therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Turner
- Department of Neurosurgery, One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 9183, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (R.C.T.); (B.L.-W.); (A.S.E.)
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Brandon Lucke-Wold
- Department of Neurosurgery, One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 9183, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (R.C.T.); (B.L.-W.); (A.S.E.)
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Noelle Lucke-Wold
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
- Department of Health Restoration, West Virginia University School of Nursing, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Alisa S. Elliott
- Department of Neurosurgery, One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 9183, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (R.C.T.); (B.L.-W.); (A.S.E.)
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
| | - Aric F. Logsdon
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
| | - Charles L. Rosen
- Department of Neurosurgery, One Medical Center Drive, West Virginia University School of Medicine, P.O. Box 9183, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (R.C.T.); (B.L.-W.); (A.S.E.)
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; E-Mail: ; Tel.: +1-304-293-5041; Fax: +1-304-293-4819
| | - Jason D. Huber
- The Center for Neuroscience, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA; E-Mails: (N.L.-W.); (A.F.L.); (J.D.H.)
- Department of Basic Pharmaceutical Sciences, West Virginia University School of Pharmacy, Morgantown, WV 26506, USA
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Abstract
Recent estimates indicate that diabetes mellitus currently affects more than 10 % of the world's population. Evidence from both the laboratory and large scale clinical trials has revealed that prolonged hyperglycemia induces chronic complications which persist and progress unimpeded even when glycemic control is pharmaceutically achieved via the phenomenon of metabolic memory. The epigenome is comprised of all chromatin modifications including post translational histone modification, expression control via miRNAs and the methylation of cytosine within DNA. Modifications of these epigenetic marks not only allow cells and organisms to quickly respond to changing environmental stimuli but also confer the ability of the cell to "memorize" these encounters. As such, these processes have gained much attention as potential molecular mechanisms underlying metabolic memory and chronic diabetic complications. Here we present a review of the very recent literature published pertaining to this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert V Intine
- Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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Ma J, Wang Y, Zheng D, Wei M, Xu H, Peng T. Rac1 signalling mediates doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through both reactive oxygen species-dependent and -independent pathways. Cardiovasc Res 2012; 97:77-87. [PMID: 23027656 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvs309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS Doxorubicin causes damage to the heart, often leading to irreversible cardiomyopathy, which is fatal. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) or oxidative stress is involved in cardiomyocyte death, contributing to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. This study investigated the role of Rac1, an important subunit of NADPH oxidase, in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity and the underlying mechanisms. METHODS AND RESULTS In a mouse model of acute doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, cardiomyocyte-specific deletion of Rac1 inhibited NADPH oxidase activation and ROS production, prevented cardiac cell death, and improved myocardial function in Rac1 knockout mice. Therapeutic administration of the specific Rac1 inhibitor NSC23766 achieved similar cardio-protective effects in doxorubicin-stimulated mice. In rat cardiomyoblasts (H9c2 cells) and cultured neonatal mouse cardiomyocytes, Rac1 inhibition attenuated apoptosis as evidenced by decreases in caspase-3 activity and DNA fragmentation in response to doxorubicin, which correlated with a reduction in ROS production and down-regulation of p53 acetylation and histone H2AX phosphorylation. In contrast, overexpression of Rac1 enhanced apoptosis. Doxorubicin also inhibited the activity of classical histone deacetylases (HDAC), which was preserved by Rac1 inhibition and further decreased by Rac1 overexpression. Interestingly, scavenging ROS mitigated apoptosis but did not change HDAC activity and p53 acetylation stimulated by doxorubicin, suggesting both ROS-dependent and -independent pathways are involved in Rac1-mediated cardiotoxicity. Furthermore, the HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A enhanced apoptosis, p53 acetylation and H2AX phosphorylation in doxorubicin-treated cardiomyocytes. CONCLUSIONS Rac1 signalling contributes to doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity through both a ROS-dependent mechanism and ROS-independent HDAC/p53 signalling in cardiomyocytes. Thus, inhibition of Rac1 may be a useful therapy for doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200233, China
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Shi J, Yin N, Xuan LL, Yao CS, Meng AM, Hou Q. Vam3, a derivative of resveratrol, attenuates cigarette smoke-induced autophagy. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2012; 33:888-96. [PMID: 22705731 PMCID: PMC4011152 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2012.73] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To appraise the efficacy of Vam3 (Amurensis H), a dimeric derivative of resveratrol, at inhibiting cigarette smoke-induced autophagy. METHODS Human bronchial epithelial cells were treated with cigarette smoke condensates, and a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) model was established by exposing male BALB/c mice to cigarette smoke. The protein levels of the autophagic marker microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3 (LC3), Sirtuin 1 (Sirt1), and foxhead box O 3a (FoxO3a) were examined using Western blotting and Immunohistochemistry. LC3 punctae were detected by immunofluorescence. The levels of FoxO3a acetylation were examined by immunoprecipitation. The level of intracellular oxidation was assessed by detecting ROS and GSH-Px. RESULTS Vam3 attenuated cigarette smoke condensate-induced autophagy in human bronchial epithelial cells, and restored the expression levels of Sirt1 and FoxO3a that had been reduced by cigarette smoke condensates. Similar protective effects of Vam3, reducing autophagy and restoring the levels of Sirt1 and FoxO3a, were observed in the COPD animal model. Additionally, Vam3 also diminished the oxidative stress that was induced by the cigarette smoke condensates. CONCLUSION Vam3 decreases cigarette smoke-induced autophagy via up-regulating/restoring the levels of Sirt1 and FoxO3a and inhibiting the induced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Shi
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Pharmaceutical, National Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical Active Substance and Function, Beijing 100050, China
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ning Yin
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ling-ling Xuan
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Pharmaceutical, National Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical Active Substance and Function, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chun-suo Yao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Department of Natural Medicine Chemistry, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Ai-min Meng
- Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Qi Hou
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Pharmaceutical, National Key Laboratory of Natural Pharmaceutical Active Substance and Function, Beijing 100050, China
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Role of ER stress in ventricular contractile dysfunction in type 2 diabetes. PLoS One 2012; 7:e39893. [PMID: 22768157 PMCID: PMC3387241 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0039893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with an increased risk of ischemic heart disease and of adverse outcomes following myocardial infarction (MI). Here we assessed the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in ventricular dysfunction and outcomes after MI in type 2 DM (T2DM). Methodology and Principal Findings In hearts of OLETF, a rat model of T2DM, at 25∼30 weeks of age, GRP78 and GRP94, markers of ER stress, were increased and sarcoplasmic reticulum calcium ATPase (SERCA)2a protein was reduced by 35% compared with those in LETO, a non-diabetic control. SERCA2a mRNA levels were similar, but SERCA2a protein was more ubiquitinated in OLETF than in LETO. Left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic elastance (Eed) was higher in OLETF than in LETO (53.9±5.2 vs. 20.2±5.6 mmHg/µl), whereas LV end-systolic elastance and positive inotropic responses to β-adrenergic stimulation were similar in OLETF and LETO. 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), an ER stress modulator, suppressed both GRP up-regulation and SERCA2a ubiquitination and normalized SERCA2a protein level and Eed in OLETF. Sodium tauroursodeoxycholic acid, a structurally different ER stress modulator, also restored SERCA2a protein level in OLETF. Though LV dysfunction was modest, mortality within 48 h after coronary occlusion was markedly higher in OLETF than in LETO (61.3% vs. 7.7%). Telemetric recording showed that rapid progression of heart failure was responsible for the high mortality rate in OLETF. ER stress modulators failed to reduce the mortality rate after MI in OLETF. Conclusions ER stress reduces SERCA2a protein via its augmented ubiquitination and degradation, leading to LV diastolic dysfunction in T2DM. Even at a stage without systolic LV dysfunction, susceptibility to lethal heart failure after infarction is markedly increased, which cannot be explained by ER stress or change in myocardial response to sympathetic nerve activation.
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Yan Z, Chen W, Liu S, Zhang G, Sun D, Hu S. Myocardial insulin signaling and glucose transport are up-regulated in Goto-Kakizaki type 2 diabetic rats after ileal transposition. Obes Surg 2012; 22:493-501. [PMID: 22249887 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-012-0604-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ileal transposition (IT) as one of the effective treatments for non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus has been widely investigated. However, the mechanisms underlying profound improvements in glucose homeostasis are still uncertain. Our objective was to explore the myocardial insulin signal transduction and glucose disposal in non-obese type 2 diabetes mellitus rats after IT surgery. METHODS Adult male Goto-Kakizaki (GK) rats or Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to diabetic IT, diabetic sham-IT, and non-diabetic control SD groups. Food intake, body weight, fasting plasma glucose, insulin tolerance, and serum glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured. Subsequently, the myocardial glucose uptake and the protein levels of insulin receptor-beta (IR-β), phosphorylated IR-β, insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1), phosphorylated IRS-1, and IRS-1-associated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) from myocardial cell lysates were evaluated. We also assessed the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in both skeletal muscle and myocardial cell lysates. RESULTS Compared to sham operations within 6 months, IT surgery for GK rats did (1) result in less food intake and reduced body weight gain over time, (2) improve plasma glucose homeostasis with increased serum GLP-1 secretion and myocardial glucose uptake, (3) increase protein expression of insulin signaling pathway, including IR-β, IRS-1 and their phosphorylation levels, and IRS-1-associated PI3K in the myocardium, and (4) enhance the protein levels of membrane GLUT4 in skeletal muscle and myocardium. CONCLUSIONS IT surgery ameliorates glucose disorder in GK type 2 diabetic rats. Meanwhile, IT surgery is effective in up-regulating both myocardial insulin signaling and glucose disposal within 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, 107#, Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, People's Republic of China
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Singh GB, Sharma R, Khullar M. Epigenetics and diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 2011; 94:14-21. [PMID: 21696841 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2011.05.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 05/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular complications are a chief cause of mortality and morbidity in diabetic patients. Recent studies suggest that epigenetic changes which may arise as a consequence of environmental factors play an important role in predisposition to disease. Epigenetic mechanisms such as DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling and histone modifications regulate the gene expression in response to environmental signals. Role of epigenetics has been recognized in the pathology of diabetes, however its role in diabetic associated cardiomyopathy remains largely unexplored. In this article, we review current literature on the epigenetic mechanisms involved in diabetes and discuss recent evidence of epigenetic changes that may play an important role in pathophysiology of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurinder Bir Singh
- Department of Experimental Medicine and Biotechnology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Vahtola E, Storvik M, Louhelainen M, Merasto S, Lakkisto P, Lakkisto J, Tikkanen I, Kaheinen P, Levijoki J, Mervaala E. Effects of Levosimendan on Cardiac Gene Expression Profile and Post-Infarct Cardiac Remodelling in Diabetic Goto-Kakizaki Rats. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2011; 109:387-97. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00743.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Morris KC, Lin HW, Thompson JW, Perez-Pinzon MA. Pathways for ischemic cytoprotection: role of sirtuins in caloric restriction, resveratrol, and ischemic preconditioning. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2011; 31:1003-19. [PMID: 21224864 PMCID: PMC3070983 DOI: 10.1038/jcbfm.2010.229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR), resveratrol, and ischemic preconditioning (IPC) have been shown to promote protection against ischemic injury in the heart and brain, as well as in other tissues. The activity of sirtuins, which are enzymes that modulate diverse biologic processes, seems to be vital in the ability of these therapeutic modalities to prevent against cellular dysfunction and death. The protective mechanisms of the yeast Sir2 and the mammalian homolog sirtuin 1 have been extensively studied, but the involvement of other sirtuins in ischemic protection is not yet clear. We examine the roles of mammalian sirtuins in modulating protective pathways against oxidative stress, energy depletion, excitotoxicity, inflammation, DNA damage, and apoptosis. Although many of these sirtuins have not been directly implicated in ischemic protection, they may have unique roles in enhancing function and preventing against stress-mediated cellular damage and death. This review will include in-depth analyses of the roles of CR, resveratrol, and IPC in activating sirtuins and in mediating protection against ischemic damage in the heart and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kahlilia C Morris
- Department of Neurology, Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA
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Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is one of the leading causes of death, and the majority of these deaths are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Development and progression of myocardial infarction leading to heart failure is much more complex and multifactorial in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. Despite significant advances in pharmacological interventions and surgical techniques, the disease progression leading to diabetic end-stage heart failure remains very high. Recently, cell therapy has gained much attention as an alternative approach to treat various heart diseases. However, transplanted stem cell studies in diabetic animal models are very limited. In this review, we discuss the pathogenesis of the diabetic infarcted heart and the potential of stem cell therapy to repair and regenerate.
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Strandberg TE, Sipilä S. Biogerontology in Finland. Biogerontology 2010; 12:71-5. [PMID: 21161378 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-010-9313-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2010] [Accepted: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes current biogerontology research in Finland especially in the universities with professorships in gerontology/geriatrics. If biogerontology is broadly taken to include all research in basic mechanisms of normal ageing as well as age-related diseases, the most prevalent current topics include basic research in genetics, mitochondrial function, musculoskeletal physiology, neurodegenerative and vascular diseases. The research activity of each institute and their international collaboration is briefly described with examples focused on recent publications in the field of biogerontology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo E Strandberg
- Institute of Health Sciences/Geriatrics, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
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Yang K, Wang XQ, He YS, Lu L, Chen QJ, Liu J, Shen WF. Advanced glycation end products induce chemokine/cytokine production via activation of p38 pathway and inhibit proliferation and migration of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010; 9:66. [PMID: 20969783 PMCID: PMC2987998 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Advanced glycation products (AGEs), as endogenous inflammatory mediator, compromise the physiological function of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs have a potential role in cell replacement therapy in acute myocardial infarction and ischemic cardiomyopathy. However, mechanisms of AGEs on MSCs are still not unveiled. Methods Reactive oxygen species (ROS), genes regulation, cell proliferation and migration have been detected by AGE-BSA stimulated MSCs. Results We found that in vitro stimulation with AGE-BSA induced generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and inhibited dose-dependently proliferation and migration of MSCs. Microarray and molecular biological assessment displayed an increased expression and secretion of Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4 and Il1b in a dose- and time-dependent manner. These chemokines/cytokines of equivalent concentration to those in conditioned medium exerted an inhibitory effect on MSC proliferation and migration after stimulation for 24 h. Transient elevation of phospho-p38 in MSCs upon AGE-BSA stimulation was blocked with p38 inhibitor. Conclusions The study indicates that AGE-BSA induces production of chemokines/cytokines in a dose- and time-dependent manner via activation of ROS-p38 mediated pathway. These chemokines/cytokines exert an inhibitory effect on MSC growth and migration, suggesting an amplified dysfunction of MSCs by AGEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ruijin Hospital, Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Fisman EZ, Tenenbaum A. The ubiquitous interleukin-6: a time for reappraisal. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2010; 9:62. [PMID: 20937099 PMCID: PMC2959009 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-9-62] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2010] [Accepted: 10/11/2010] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a multifunctional cytokine regulating humoral and cellular responses and playing a central role in inflammation and tissue injury. Its effects are mediated through interaction with its receptor complex, IL-6Rβ (also known as gp130). It plays an important role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease and large quantities of IL-6 are found in human atherosclerotic plaques. IL-6 levels positively correlate with higher all-cause mortality, unstable angina, left ventricular dysfunction, propensity to diabetes and its complications, hypertension, obesity and several types of cancer. IL-6 levels augmentation demonstrates a remarkable parallel with another biomarkers reflecting harmful processes, like tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukins 8 and 18, YKL-40, C reactive protein and resistin. Due to these facts, IL-6 was classified as a noxious interleukin. Nonetheless, there are several facts that challenge this usually accepted point of view. Since IL-6 has also anti-inflammatory activity, it seems reasonable to assume that favorable aspects exist. These aspects are two: 1. protection against bacterial infections, inactivating proinflammatory mediators, mitigating the course of septic shock and inducing the production of cortisol; and 2. influence on insulin sensitivity during exercise; this aspect is even more important. During exercise IL-6 is synthesized and released by muscles, with enhanced insulin action immediately at early recovery. Skeletal muscle may be considered as an endocrine organ; contracting muscles produce IL-6 and release it into the blood exerting its effects on other organs. The increase in circulating levels of IL-6 after exercise is consistent and proportional to exercise duration, intensity, muscle mass involved and endurance capacity. Thus, the fascinating possibility that the plenteous beneficial health effects of exercise could be ultimately mediated by IL-6 merits further elucidation. Interleukins were termed "good" or "bad", probably due to a tendency to see things in black and white, with no gray area in between. Calling IL-6 "a molecule with both beneficial and destructive potentials" would be a more equitable approach. In the literary creatures of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, a good and an evil personality are found in the same individual. IL-6 playing the role of Dr. Jekyll is emerging; the time for IL-6 reappraisal is coming.
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