1
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Ko JH, Forsythe NL, Gelb MB, Messina KMM, Lau UY, Bhattacharya A, Olafsen T, Lee JT, Kelly KA, Maynard HD. Safety and Biodistribution Profile of Poly(styrenyl acetal trehalose) and Its Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor Conjugate. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3383-3395. [PMID: 35767465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Poly(styrenyl acetal trehalose) (pSAT), composed of trehalose side chains linked to a polystyrene backbone via acetals, stabilizes a variety of proteins and enzymes against fluctuations in temperature. A promising application of pSAT is conjugation of the polymer to therapeutic proteins to reduce renal clearance. To explore this possibility, the safety of the polymer was first studied. Investigation of acute toxicity of pSAT in mice showed that there were no adverse effects of the polymer at a high (10 mg/kg) concentration. The immune response (antipolymer antibody and cytokine production) in mice was also studied. No significant antipolymer IgG was detected for pSAT, and only a transient and low level of IgM was elicited. pSAT was also safe in terms of cytokine response. The polymer was then conjugated to a granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), a therapeutic protein that is approved by the Federal Drug Administration, in order to study the biodistribution of a pSAT conjugate. A site-selective, two-step synthesis approach was developed for efficient conjugate preparation for the biodistribution study resulting in 90% conjugation efficiency. The organ distribution of GCSF-pSAT was measured by positron emission tomography and compared to controls GCSF and GCSF-poly(ethylene glycol), which confirmed that the trehalose polymer conjugate improved the in vivo half-life of the protein by reducing renal clearance. These findings suggest that trehalose styrenyl polymers are promising for use in therapeutic protein-polymer conjugates for reduced renal clearance of the biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong Hoon Ko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Neil L Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Madeline B Gelb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kathryn M M Messina
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Uland Y Lau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Arvind Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tove Olafsen
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Jason T Lee
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Kathleen A Kelly
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
| | - Heather D Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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2
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Cho JS, Oh HJ, Jang YE, Kim HJ, Kim A, Song J, Lee EJ, Lee J. Synthetic pro-peptide design to enhance the secretion of heterologous proteins by Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Microbiologyopen 2022; 11:e1300. [PMID: 35765186 PMCID: PMC9178654 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterologous protein production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a useful and effective strategy with many advantages, including the secretion of proteins that require posttranslational processing. However, heterologous proteins in S. cerevisiae are often secreted at comparatively low levels. To improve the production of the heterologous protein, human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) in S. cerevisiae, a secretion-enhancing peptide cassette including an hIL-1β-derived pro-peptide, was added and used as a secretion enhancer to alleviate specific bottlenecks in the yeast secretory pathway. The effects of three key parameters-N-glycosylation, net negative charge balance, and glycine-rich flexible linker-were investigated in batch cultures of S. cerevisiae. Using a three-stage design involving screening, selection, and optimization, the production and secretion of hG-CSF by S. cerevisiae were significantly increased. The amount of extracellular mature hG-CSF produced by the optimized pro-peptide after the final stage increased by 190% compared to that of the original pro-peptide. Although hG-CSF was used as the model protein in the current study, this strategy is applicable to the enhanced production of other heterologous proteins, using S. cerevisiae as the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Sung Cho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hye Ji Oh
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Young Eun Jang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Areum Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Jong‐Am Song
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
| | - Eun Jung Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Applied Chemical EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaeguKorea
| | - Jeewon Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, College of EngineeringKorea UniversitySeoulKorea
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3
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Skokowa J, Hernandez Alvarez B, Coles M, Ritter M, Nasri M, Haaf J, Aghaallaei N, Xu Y, Mir P, Krahl AC, Rogers KW, Maksymenko K, Bajoghli B, Welte K, Lupas AN, Müller P, ElGamacy M. A topological refactoring design strategy yields highly stable granulopoietic proteins. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2948. [PMID: 35618709 PMCID: PMC9135769 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30157-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein therapeutics frequently face major challenges, including complicated production, instability, poor solubility, and aggregation. De novo protein design can readily address these challenges. Here, we demonstrate the utility of a topological refactoring strategy to design novel granulopoietic proteins starting from the granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) structure. We change a protein fold by rearranging the sequence and optimising it towards the new fold. Testing four designs, we obtain two that possess nanomolar activity, the most active of which is highly thermostable and protease-resistant, and matches its designed structure to atomic accuracy. While the designs possess starkly different sequence and structure from the native G-CSF, they show specific activity in differentiating primary human haematopoietic stem cells into mature neutrophils. The designs also show significant and specific activity in vivo. Our topological refactoring approach is largely independent of sequence or structural context, and is therefore applicable to a wide range of protein targets. Skokowa et al. reconstruct the fold of a granulopoietic cytokine, resulting in de novo, hyperstable, highly active proteins with therapeutic potential for treating several neutropenia disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Skokowa
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
| | | | - Murray Coles
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Malte Ritter
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Masoud Nasri
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Jérémy Haaf
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Narges Aghaallaei
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yun Xu
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Perihan Mir
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ann-Christin Krahl
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katherine W Rogers
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Division of Developmental Biology, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Kateryna Maksymenko
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Baubak Bajoghli
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Karl Welte
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrei N Lupas
- Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Patrick Müller
- Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, 78464, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Mohammad ElGamacy
- Division of Translational Oncology, Department of Hematology, Oncology, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society, 72076, Tübingen, Germany. .,Heliopolis Biotechnology Ltd, Cambridge, CB24 9RX, UK. .,Max Planck Institute for Biology, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.
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4
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Das PK, Sahoo A, Dasu VV. Current status, and the developments of hosts and expression systems for the production of recombinant human cytokines. Biotechnol Adv 2022; 59:107969. [PMID: 35525478 DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2022.107969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines consist of peptides, proteins and glycoproteins, which are biological signaling molecules, and boost cell-cell communication in immune reactions to stimulate cellular movements in the place of trauma, inflammation and infection. Recombinant cytokines are designed in such a way that they have generalized immunostimulation action or stimulate specific immune cells when the body encounters immunosuppressive signals from exogenous pathogens or other tumor microenvironments. Recombinant cytokines have improved the treatment processes for numerous diseases. They are also beneficial against novel toxicities that arise due to pharmacologic immunostimulators that lead to an imbalance in the regulation of cytokine. So, the production and use of recombinant human cytokines as therapeutic proteins are significant for medical treatment purposes. For the improved production of recombinant human cytokines, the development of host cells such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, insect, mammal and transgenic plants, and the specific expression systems for individual hosts is necessary. The recent advancements in the field of genetic engineering are beneficial for easy and efficient genetic manipulations for hosts as well as expression cassettes. The use of metabolic engineering and systems biology approaches have tremendous applications in recombinant protein production by generating mathematical models, and analyzing complex biological networks and metabolic pathways via simulations to understand the interconnections between metabolites and genetic behaviors. Further, the bioprocess developments and the optimization of cell culture conditions would enhance recombinant cytokines productivity on large scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Kumar Das
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ansuman Sahoo
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Veeranki Venkata Dasu
- Biochemical Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
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5
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Mohammadi Z, Alijanianzadeh M, Khalilzadeh R, Khodadadi S. Process Development for the Production and Purification of PEGylated
RhG-CSF Expressed in Escherichia coli. Protein Pept Lett 2022; 29:293-305. [DOI: 10.2174/0929866529666220126100559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background and objective:
Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) and its PEGylated form (PEG-GCSF) are used in the cancer therapy. Thus the development of a more cost-effectively method for expressing rhG-CSF and the PEGylation optimization of rhG-CSF by reaction engineering and subsequent the purification strategy is necessary.
Methods:
RhG-CSF expression in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) was carried out by auto-induction batch fermentation and improved for maximizing rhG-CSF productivity. After that, purified rhG-CSF was PEGylated using methoxy polyethylene glycol propionaldehydes (mPEG20-ALD). The various conditions effect of extraction and purification of rhG-CSF and PEG-GCSF were assayed.
Results:
The assessment results revealed that auto-induction batch cultivation strategy had maximum productivity and rhG-CSF purity was more than 99%. The obtained Data of rhG-CSF PEGylation displayed that the optimized conditions of rhG-CSF PEGylation and purification enhanced hemogenisity PEG-GCSF and managed reaction toward optimal yield of PEG-GCSF (70%) and purity of 99.9%. Findings from FTIR, CD, and fluorescence spectroscopy and bioassay revealed that PEGylation was executed exactly in the rhG-CSF N-terminus, and products maintained their conformation properties.
Conclusion:
Overall, the developed approach expanded strategies for high yield rhG-CSF by simplified auto-induction batch fermentation system and rhG-CSF PEGylation, which are simple and time-saving, economical and high efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohammadi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Alijanianzadeh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
- Department of
Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rassoul Khalilzadeh
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirus Khodadadi
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek-Ashtar University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
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6
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Nikravesh FY, Shirkhani S, Bayat E, Talebkhan Y, Mirabzadeh E, Sabzalinejad M, Aliabadi HAM, Nematollahi L, Ardakani YH, Sardari S. Extension of human GCSF serum half-life by the fusion of albumin binding domain. Sci Rep 2022; 12:667. [PMID: 35027593 PMCID: PMC8758692 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04560-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF) can decrease mortality of patients undergo chemotherapy through increasing neutrophil counts. Many strategies have been developed to improve its blood circulating time. Albumin binding domain (ABD) was genetically fused to N-terminal end of GCSF encoding sequence and expressed as cytoplasmic inclusion bodies within Escherichia coli. Biological activity of ABD-GCSF protein was assessed by proliferation assay on NFS-60 cells. Physicochemical properties were analyzed through size exclusion chromatography, circular dichroism, intrinsic fluorescence spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic properties were also investigated in a neutropenic rat model. CD and IFS spectra revealed that ABD fusion to GCSF did not significantly affect the secondary and tertiary structures of the molecule. DLS and SEC results indicated the absence of aggregation formation. EC50 value of the ABD-GCSF in proliferation of NFS-60 cells was 75.76 pg/ml after 72 h in comparison with control GCSF molecules (Filgrastim: 73.1 pg/ml and PEG-Filgrastim: 44.6 pg/ml). Animal studies of ABD-GCSF represented improved serum half-life (9.3 ± 0.7 h) and consequently reduced renal clearance (16.1 ± 1.4 ml/h.kg) in comparison with Filgrastim (1.7 ± 0.1 h). Enhanced neutrophils count following administration of ABD-GCSF was comparable with Filgrastim and weaker than PEG-Filgrastim treated rats. In vitro and in vivo results suggested the ABD fusion as a potential approach for improving GCSF properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samira Shirkhani
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elham Bayat
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yeganeh Talebkhan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Esmat Mirabzadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Leila Nematollahi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yalda Hosseinzadeh Ardakani
- Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetic Division, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Soroush Sardari
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
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7
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Kim YJ, Koh EM, Song CH, Byun MS, Choi YR, Jeon EJ, Hwang K, Kim SK, Yang SI, Jung KJ. Preclinical immunogenicity testing using anti-drug antibody analysis of GX-G3, Fc-fused recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, in rat and monkey models. Sci Rep 2021; 11:12004. [PMID: 34099775 PMCID: PMC8184775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91360-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF, this study used Fc-fused recombinant G-CSF; GX-G3) is an important glycoprotein that stimulates the proliferation of granulocytes and white blood cells. Thus, G-CSF treatment has been considered as a crucial regimen to accelerate recovery from chemotherapy-induced neutropenia in cancer patients suffering from non-myeloid malignancy or acute myeloid leukemia. Despite the therapeutic advantages of G-CSF treatment, an assessment of its immunogenicity must be performed to determine whether the production of anti-G-CSF antibodies causes immune-related disorders. We optimized and validated analytical tools by adopting validation parameters for immunogenicity assessment. Using these validated tools, we analyzed serum samples from rats and monkeys injected subcutaneously with GX-G3 (1, 3 or 10 mg/kg once a week for 4 weeks followed by a 4-week recovery period) to determine immunogenicity response and toxicokinetic parameters with serum concentration of GX-G3. Several rats and monkeys were determined to be positive for anti-GX-G3 antibodies. Moreover, the immunogenicity response of GX-G3 was lower in monkeys than in rats, which was relevant to show less inhibition of toxicokinetic profiles in monkeys, at least 1 mg/kg administrated group, compared to rats. These results suggested the establishment and validation for analyzing anti-GX-G3 antibodies and measurement of serum levels of GX-G3 and anti-GX-G3 antibodies, which was related with toxicokinetic profiles. Taken together, this study provides immunogenicity assessment which is closely implicated with toxicokinetic study of GX-G3 in 4-week repeated administrated toxicological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Jung Kim
- Genexine, Inc, Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Koh
- Bioanalytical and Immunoanalytical Research Group, Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Hun Song
- Bioanalytical and Immunoanalytical Research Group, Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.,College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34131, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Sun Byun
- Genexine, Inc, Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Ri Choi
- Genexine, Inc, Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jeong Jeon
- Bioanalytical and Immunoanalytical Research Group, Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyunghwa Hwang
- Jeonbuk Analytical Research Group, In Vivo Hazard Evaluation and Research Division, Jeonbuk Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34131, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang In Yang
- Genexine, Inc, Korea Bio Park, Seongnam, 13488, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Jin Jung
- Bioanalytical and Immunoanalytical Research Group, Department of Advanced Toxicology Research, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 141 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34114, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Datta S. Optimizing Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor Transcript for Enhanced Expression in Escherichia coli. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:630367. [PMID: 33768088 PMCID: PMC7985328 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.630367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic growth factor used to prevent and treat neutropenia. G-CSF stimulates the bone marrow to produce infection-fighting granulocytes. Food and Drug Administration of the United States approved G-CSF in 1991 and its PEGylated version in 2002 as a prophylactic and therapeutic measure against neutropenia. Recombinant human G-CSF is produced in surrogate host Escherichia coli and is PEGylated at N-terminal. Besides neutropenia, G-CSF is also used in bone marrow transplantation for the mobilization and maturation of peripheral blood stem cells. Considering the requirement of producing G-CSF therapeutic in large quantities, construct designing for high expression is critical for the biopharmaceutical and industrial application. Earlier studies have employed approaches such as codon optimization, use of strong promoters, employment of protein tags, secretion signals, optimization of protein folding, etc., for increasing expression and yield of therapeutic proteins. In this study, it was observed that mRNA transcribed from the native human cDNA of G-CSF and the codon-optimized variant leads to low protein expression in E. coli. To understand the underlying reasons, the mRNA secondary structure of the 5′ end of the G-CSF transcript was analyzed. This analysis revealed the presence of stable secondary structures at the 5′ end of the G-CSF transcript, arising from the native human gene and even from the codon-optimized sequence. These secondary structures were disrupted through translationally silent mutations within the first 24 nucleotides of the transcript without affecting the protein sequence. Interestingly, through this approach, the G-CSF protein expression was increased 60 folds as compared to native G-CSF construct. We believe that these findings create a roadmap for optimization of G-CSF transcript for enhanced expression in E. coli and could be employed to increase the expression of other therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Datta
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Institute of Microbial Technology, Chandigarh, India
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9
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Wang Y, Lu J, Huang Z, Qian M, Zhang Q, Feng J. Process development of recombinant Aspergillus flavus urate oxidase production in Pichia pastoris intracellularly and its characterization as a potential biosimilar. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.01.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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10
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Dai J, Yuan G, Li Y, Zhou H. MicroRNA-596 is epigenetically inactivated and suppresses prostatic cancer cell growth and migration via regulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Clin Transl Oncol 2021; 23:1394-1404. [PMID: 33387246 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-020-02536-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Although studies have reported that miR-596 extensively participates in multiple cancer progression, the biological mechanisms and effects of miR-596 in prostatic cancer remain unclear. The literature is aimed to reveal the function and possible molecular mechanisms of miR-596 in prostatic cancer carcinogenesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS qRT-PCR was applied to examine miR-596 expression in prostatic cancer cell lines and samples, also methylation-specific PCR was used to detect the methylation status of the promoter CpG islands in prostatic cancer samples. Meanwhile, the tumor-related effects of miR-596 were detected via cell viability, clone formation assay, migration assay, flow cytometric and AO/EB assay. qRT-PCR and Western blots were applied to investigate the function of miR-596 on malignant behavior in prostatic cancer cells. RESULTS We found that miR-596 mRNA was decreased in prostatic cancer samples and cell lines. miR-596 mRNA level was also correlated to cancer stage, Gleason scores, while miR-596 promoter methylation was related to cancer tumor stage, Gleason score and preoperative PSA levels. miR-596 inhibited the cell growth and activity by causing cell apoptosis, and also suppressed the migration of prostatic cancer cells by revealing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. In addition, Western blot indicates that miR-596 overexpression deregulated Wnt/β-catenin signaling, by restraining phosphorylation levels of β-catenin and expression levels of downstream targets. CONCLUSIONS In summary, this research indicates that miR-596 overexpression could be potentially useful in the cell growth and migration of prostatic cancer and serves as a potential molecular marker in prostatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dai
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - G Yuan
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Y Li
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - H Zhou
- Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China.
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11
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Development of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (nartograstim) production process in Escherichia coli compatible with industrial scale and with no antibiotics in the culture medium. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 105:169-183. [PMID: 33201277 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-11014-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a hematopoietic cytokine that has important clinical applications for treating neutropenia. Nartograstim is a recombinant variant of human G-CSF. Nartograstim has been produced in Escherichia coli as inclusion bodies (IB) and presents higher stability and biological activity than the wild type of human G-CSF because of its mutations. We developed a production process of nartograstim in a 10-L bioreactor using auto-induction or chemically defined medium. After cell lysis, centrifugation, IB washing, and IB solubilization, the following three refolding methods were evaluated: diafiltration, dialysis, and direct dilution in two refolding buffers. Western blot and SDS-PAGE confirmed the identity of 18.8-kDa bands as nartograstim in both cultures. The auto-induction medium produced 1.17 g/L and chemically defined medium produced 0.95 g/L. The dilution method yielded the highest percentage of refolding (99%). After refolding, many contaminant proteins precipitated during pH adjustment to 5.2, increasing purity from 50 to 78%. After applying the supernatant to cation exchange chromatography (CEC), nartograstim recovery was low and the purity was 87%. However, when the refolding solution was applied to anion exchange chromatography followed by CEC, 91%-98% purity and 2.2% recovery were obtained. The purification process described in this work can be used to obtain nartograstim with high purity, structural integrity, and the expected biological activity. KEY POINTS: • Few papers report the final recovery of the purification process from inclusion bodies. • The process developed led to high purity and reasonable recovery compared to literature. • Nartograstim biological activity was demonstrated in mice using a neutropenia model.
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Mishra B, Murthy G, Sahoo B, Uhm SJ, Gupta MK. Combinatorial ethanol treatment increases the overall productivity of recombinant hG-CSF in E. coli: a comparative study. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:9135-9145. [PMID: 32945902 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10899-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) is a cytokine that regulates the proliferation, maturation, and differentiation of precursor cells to neutrophils. In the present study, we report the feasibility of inducing recombinant hG-CSF expression (rhG-CSF) in a pET vector system by combinatorial induction using low-concentration ethanol, IPTG, and lactose and auto-induction media (AIM). The coding sequence of hG-CSF transcript variant 2 was expressed in pET14 vector, and the effect of combinatorial induction was analyzed on inclusion body (IB) formation, biomass, protein purification, and bioactivity. Results showed that there was an inverse relationship between the temperature and soluble expression of rhG-CSF. Three-step washing with Triton-X, 2 M, and 5 M urea resulted in the maximum recovery of IBs. Combinatorial single-spike induction with IPTG, ethanol, and lactose in a batch culture led to a 3-fold increase in the expression of rhG-CSF. It was also observed that low concentration of ethanol (1-3% v/v) could be used in lieu of IPTG for inducing the rhG-CSF protein expression without adversely affecting biomass production. A 2.4-fold increase in productivity was obtained in LB-AIM media with combinatorial ethanol induction, and the overall yield of 2.8 g/L rhG-CSF was found. The purified rhG-CSF was bioactive and increased the cellular proliferation of umbilical cord blood-derived mesenchymal stem cells (U-MSC) by 29%. In conclusion, our study shows that combined ethanol induction can enhance the expression of rhG-CSF with three-step washing for recovery of the proteins from IBs and a single-step purification of rhG-CSF by affinity chromatography. KEY POINTS: • Low concentration of ethanol (1-3%) could be used in lieu of IPTG for inducing rhG-CSF expression. • Combinatorial single-spike induction with IPTG, ethanol, and lactose improved rhG-CSF expression. • Purified rhG-CSF was bioactive and increased the proliferation of U-MSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaram Mishra
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Giridharan Murthy
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India
| | - Sang Jun Uhm
- Department of Animal Science, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, South Korea
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Gene Manipulation Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India.
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Sahoo B, Dash S, Sankarnarayanan S, Mishra B, Guttula PK, Bhaskar R, Gupta MK. Molecular modeling and co-expression analysis of human stem cell factor as fusion partner to granulocyte colony stimulating factor for improving their bioactivity. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2020; 39:4990-5004. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2020.1796792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bijayalaxmi Sahoo
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Sagarika Dash
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | | | - Balaram Mishra
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Guttula
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Rakesh Bhaskar
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Mukesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Adiga R, Andar A, Borhani S, Burgenson D, Deldari S, Frey D, Ge X, Gopalakrishnan M, Gurramkonda C, Gutierrez E, Jackson IL, Kostov Y, Liu Y, Moreira A, Newman D, Piegols J, Punshon-Smith B, Rao G, Tolosa L, Tolosa M, Vujaskovic Z, Wagner C, Wong L, Zodda A. Manufacturing biological medicines on demand: Safety and efficacy of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in a mouse model of total body irradiation. Biotechnol Prog 2020; 36:e2970. [PMID: 31989790 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Protein therapeutics, also known as biologics, are currently manufactured at centralized facilities according to rigorous protocols. The manufacturing process takes months and the delivery of the biological products needs a cold chain. This makes it less responsive to rapid changes in demand. Here, we report on technology application for on-demand biologics manufacturing (Bio-MOD) that can produce safe and effective biologics from cell-free systems at the point of care without the current challenges of long-term storage and cold-chain delivery. The objective of the current study is to establish proof-of-concept safety and efficacy of Bio-MOD-manufactured granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in a mouse model of total body irradiation at a dose estimated to induce 30% lethality within the first 30 days postexposure. To illustrate on-demand Bio-MOD production feasibility, histidine-tagged G-CSF was manufactured daily under good manufacturing practice-like conditions prior to administration over a 16-day period. Bio-MOD-manufactured G-CSF improved 30-day survival when compared with saline alone (p = .073). In addition to accelerating recovery from neutropenia, the platelet and hemoglobin nadirs were significantly higher in G-CSF-treated animals compared with saline-treated animals (p < .05). The results of this study demonstrate the feasibility of consistently manufacturing safe and effective on-demand biologics suitable for real-time release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Adiga
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Abhay Andar
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Shayan Borhani
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - David Burgenson
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Sevda Deldari
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Douglas Frey
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Xudong Ge
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mathangi Gopalakrishnan
- Center for Translational Medicine, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chandrasekhar Gurramkonda
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Erick Gutierrez
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Isabel L Jackson
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yordan Kostov
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Yang Liu
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Antonio Moreira
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Diana Newman
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Joseph Piegols
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Benjamin Punshon-Smith
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Govind Rao
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Leah Tolosa
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Mike Tolosa
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Chelsea Wagner
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Lynn Wong
- Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Chemical, Biochemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Maryland Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Andrew Zodda
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland
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Apparent degradation forms of rhG-CSF under forced conditions: Insights for better quality-control of bioproducts. Anal Biochem 2019; 586:113440. [PMID: 31533024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2019.113440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 09/12/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Stability and quality control of therapeutic protein formulations is a substantial part of drug development process. The objective of this study is to obtain information about stability of a recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) against various stress factors. This will play a crucial role in the finished product formulation development. In this study, rhG-CSF was exposed to various chemical and physical stress conditions at different levels in order to identify degradation pathways and the nature of impurities generated. Experiments were performed by a combination of orthogonal analytical techniques (reversed phase chromatography (RP-HPLC), size exclusion chromatography (SEC-HPLC), polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF)) to set and characterize the different degraded samples. The SEC-HPLC results suggest that the major degradation factors generating aggregated forms of the protein are basically thermal stress, freeze-thaw cycles and vortexing. Meanwhile, deamidated rhG-CSF was induced by basic pH as shown by IEF electrophoregram. As well, oxidized forms were generated increasingly with the time of exposure to hydrogen peroxide as outlined by RP-HPLC analysis. Based on these results, it was possible to define the storage and handling conditions of rhG-CSF finished product during its shelf life.
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Dubnika A, Manoukian MA, Mohammadi MR, Parekh MB, Gurjarpadhye AA, Inayathullah M, Dubniks V, Lakey JR, Rajadas J. Cytokines as therapeutic agents and targets in heart disease. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2018; 43:54-68. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Purification Method for Recombinant hG-CSF by Affinity Chromatography. Methods Mol Biol 2017. [PMID: 28921439 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7312-5_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
The human granulocytic colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) acts mainly by promoting the maturation of granulocytes and stimulating their phagocytic and chemotactic activity. It has been used in the treatment of many diseases, in particular in neutropenic conditions. Here, we describe the purification process of the recombinant protein hG-CSF expressed in Pichia pastoris. The protein purification proved to be efficient using the nickel affinity chromatography method described in this chapter.
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Bashir S, Iqbal M, Sadaf S, Akhtar MW. Synonymous codon changes at the 5′-end of the gene strongly impact the heterologous protein expression in Escherichia coli. APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Kiafar F, Siahi Shadbad MR, Valizadeh H. Filgrastim (G-CSF) loaded liposomes: mathematical modeling and optimization of encapsulation efficiency and particle size. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 6:195-201. [PMID: 28265535 PMCID: PMC5326667 DOI: 10.15171/bi.2016.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
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Introduction: Optimization of filgrastim (G-CSF) (granulocyte colony stimulating factor) liposomes formulation prepared by the method of film hydration was the aim of this research.
Methods: To study the independent variables effects in the development of filgrastim (G-CSF) liposomes, method of factorial design was applied. The molar ratio of dipalmitoyl phophatidylcholine (DPPC) per cholesterol (Chol.) and hydration time were chosen as two independent factors. The dependent variables were encapsulation efficiency percent (EE %) and particle size (PS). Ultrafiltration method was applied for separation of un-encapsulated protein. RP-HPLC method was employed for analysis of G-CSF.
Results: Application of response surface methodology (RSM) in formulation of filgrastim liposomes and the obtained results for responses including particle size and EE % showed that the main effective independent variable was DPPC/Chol molar ratio. Different impacts of influencing parameters including interaction and individual effects were checked employing a mathematical method for obtaining desired liposomes. Optimum liposomal formulations were established using this method for enhancing their characteristics. Average percent errors (APEs) were 3.86% and 3.27% for predicting EE % and PS, respectively which reflect high model ability in this regard.
Conclusion: It is concluded that observed and predicted values regarding PS and EE % were consistent and this model is efficient enough in prediction of the mentioned characteristics while preparing filgrastim (G-CSF) liposomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Kiafar
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Hadi Valizadeh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran ; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Mallu MR, Vemula S, Ronda SR. Efficient single step chromatographic purification of recombinant human antithrombin (rhAT) from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. 3 Biotech 2016; 6:112. [PMID: 28330182 PMCID: PMC5398195 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-016-0412-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Antithrombin (AT) is a glycoprotein that inactivates the several physiological target enzymes of coagulation system. The effect of purification strategies plays a crucial role in getting maximum recovery of yield, purity and biological activity of recombinant human antithrombin (rhAT). In the present work, the task of purifying rhAT from Saccharomyces cerevisiae BY4741 has been carried out using two different approaches such as cross flow filtration (CFF) system and chromatography methods. In the first approach, the protein was concentrated and partially purified through CFF to achieve maximum recovery yield and purity of 87 and 94 %, respectively. In the second approach, purification involved a single step chromatography with various types of ion exchange and size exclusion resins to analyze the maximum rhAT recovery yield and purity. From the experimental results, it has been observed that the size exclusion chromatography (SEC) technique with Superose 12 matrix was suitable for the purification of rhAT and achieved the maximum recovery yield and purity of 51 and 97 %, respectively. Further, to acquire a high recovery yield and purity of rhAT, the effect of various chromatographic conditions such as mobile phase, mobile phase pH, flow rate, sample volume and sample concentration were also investigated. Under the optimal chromatographic conditions, rhAT was significantly recovered and purified in a single step with maximum recovery yield, purity and biological activity of 67, 99 % and 410 IU/L, respectively. Based on these investigations, it was concluded that SEC with Superose 12 matrix was a more suitable and a potential method for the purification of rhAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maheswara Reddy Mallu
- Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, KLEF University, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - Sandeep Vemula
- Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, KLEF University, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Ronda
- Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, KLEF University, Green Fields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, 522 502, India.
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Enhanced and Secretory Expression of Human Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor by Bacillus subtilis SCK6. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 2015:636249. [PMID: 26881203 PMCID: PMC4735991 DOI: 10.1155/2015/636249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
This study describes a simplified approach for enhanced expression and secretion of a pharmaceutically important human cytokine, that is, granulocyte colony stimulating factor (GCSF), in the culture supernatant of Bacillus subtilis SCK6 cells. Codon optimized GCSF and pNWPH vector containing SpymwC signal sequence were amplified by prolonged overlap extension PCR to generate multimeric plasmid DNA, which was used directly to transform B. subtilis SCK6 supercompetent cells. Expression of GCSF was monitored in the culture supernatant for 120 hours. The highest expression, which corresponded to 17% of the total secretory protein, was observed at 72 hours of growth. Following ammonium sulphate precipitation, GCSF was purified to near homogeneity by fast protein liquid chromatography on a QFF anion exchange column. Circular dichroism spectroscopic analysis showed that the secondary structure contents of the purified GCSF are similar to the commercially available GCSF. Biological activity, as revealed by the regeneration of neutrophils in mice treated with ifosfamine, was also similar to the commercial preparation of GCSF. This, to our knowledge, is the first study that reports secretory expression of human GCSF in B. subtilis SCK6 with final recovery of up to 96 mg/L of the culture supernatant, without involvement of any chemical inducer.
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Babaeipour V, Khanchezar S, Mofid MR, Pesaran Hagi Abbas M. Efficient process development of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rh-GCSF) production in Escherichia coli. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2016; 19:102-10. [PMID: 25864815 PMCID: PMC4412921 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1338.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background: The protein hormone granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GCSF) stimulates the production of white blood cells and plays an important role in medical treatment of cancer patients. Methods: An efficient process was developed for heterologous expression of the human GCSF in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The feeding rate was adjusted to achieve the maximum attainable specific growth rate under critical value. In this method, specific growth rate was maintained at the maximum value of 0.55 h-1 at the beginning of feeding to 0.4 h-1 at the induction time. Recombinant human GCSF (rh-GCSF) was produced as inclusion body. At first, inclusion bodies were released by cell disruption and then washed, solubilized and refolded. Finally, the rh-GCSF was purified by cation exchange chromatography. Results: Obviouly, higher specific growth rate decreases process time and consequently increases productivity. The final concentration of biomass and GCSF was achieved 126 g DCW.l-1 and 32.1 g.l-1. Also, the final specific yield (YP/X) and total productivity of rh-GCSF were obtained 254 mg.g-1 DCW and 1.83 g.l-1.h-1, respectively. According to the available data, this is one of the highest YP/X and productivity that has been reported for any human protein which is expressed in E. coli. Recovery yield of purification process was %40 and purity of recombinant protein was over than 99%. The circular dichroism spectra of purified rh-GCSF, Neupogen® and PD-Grastim showed that all proteins have a similar secondary structure. Conclusion: Modified exponential feeding strategy for fed-batch cultivation of recombinant E. coli, results in minimum fed-batch duration and maximum productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valiollah Babaeipour
- Dept. of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Malek Ashtar University of Technology, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sirwan Khanchezar
- Dept. of Biotechnology, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Mofid
- Dept. of Biochemistry and Bioinformatics Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Pesaran Hagi Abbas
- Dept. of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New
Technologies, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Wang F, Gao J, Malisani A, Xi X, Han W, Wan X. Mouse Resistin (mRetn): cloning, expression and purification in Escherichia coli and the potential regulative effects on murine bone marrow hematopoiesis. BMC Biotechnol 2015; 15:105. [PMID: 26572487 PMCID: PMC4647653 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-015-0221-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Resistin (Retn) is a cytokine which has a controversial physiological role regarding its involvement with obesity and type II diabetes mellitus. Recently, murine Retn was found to be a possibly potential regulator of hematopoiesis in mice shown in the screening results of a set of gene chips which mapped the expression level of murine genes during regeneration of impaired bone marrow (BM) by 5-fluorouracil. Results Recombinant mice Retn was expressed in Escherichia coli and purified using ion exchange chromatography. Totally 11.4 mg rmRetn was obtained from 500 ml culture with endotoxin level less than 1.0 EU/ug. The purity of recombinant murine Resistin reached to at least 97.6 % via SDS-PAGE analysis and HPLC. The protein possessed chemotaxis effects in the mouse aortic endothelial cells in vitro in transwell analysis. In vitro, rmRetn could up regulate the CFU number of mice BM and after rmRetn was administered, the cell number of murine bone marrow was significantly increased in vivo after chemotherapy. Finally, rmRetn was found able to protect mice from the chemotoxicity of 5-fluorouracil. Conclusions The discovery demonstrated a new function of murine Retn and suggested that it could potentially accelerate bone marrow regeneration post chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyuan Wang
- The Center of Research Laboratory, The International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Jin Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China. .,College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA.
| | - Alyssa Malisani
- College of Pharmacy, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, 99202, USA. .,College of Arts and Sciences, Gonzaga University, Spokane, 99258, USA.
| | - Xiaowei Xi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated First People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200080, China.
| | - Wei Han
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Xiaoping Wan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tong Ji University School of Medicine, No.536, Changle Road, Shanghai, 200080, China.
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Uddin S, Russell P, Farrell M, Davy B, Taylor J, Agrawal SG. Use of biosimilar filgrastim compared with lenograstim in autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplant and in sibling allogeneic transplant. Ther Adv Hematol 2015; 6:53-60. [PMID: 25830013 DOI: 10.1177/2040620714565962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Biosimilar filgrastim was compared with lenograstim for autologous haematopoietic stem-cell transplant (HSCT) in patients with haematological malignancies. Data from a separate group of sibling donors who underwent allogeneic HSCT are also reported. METHODS Patients with lymphoma or multiple myeloma (MM) who underwent autologous HSCT with biosimilar filgrastim were compared with a historical control group of patients who received lenograstim. Peripheral blood (PB) cells counts were monitored after 7-8 consecutive days of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) injection and apheresis was performed on day 8 if PB CD34+ cell count was ⩾10 cells/µl. The target PB CD34+ cell doses were ⩾2.0 × 10(6)/kg (lymphoma), ⩾4.0 × 10(6)/kg (MM ⩾60 years old) or ⩾8.0 × 10(6)/kg (MM <60 years old). RESULTS A total of 259 patients were included in the autologous HSCT comparison (biosimilar filgrastim, n = 104; lenograstim, n = 155). In patients with lymphoma and older MM patients (⩾60 years old), no significant differences were observed between groups with regard to stem-cell mobilization parameters. However, in MM patients <60 years old, all parameters were significantly superior in the biosimilar filgrastim group, including the need for 1 rather than 2 apheresis procedures. No significant differences were observed between groups in median number of days to absolute neutrophil count (ANC) or platelet recovery. In the allogeneic setting, 47 sibling donors received biosimilar filgrastim. Mean CD34+ count at the first apheresis was 6.1 × 10(6)/kg. A total of 13 donors needed a second apheresis and 4 required a third. Among recipients, median days to ANC recovery was 16 (10-28) and to platelet recovery was 13 (9-54). CONCLUSIONS Biosimilar filgrastim is as effective as lenograstim for autologous HSCT in patients with lymphoma or MM patients ⩾60 years old. However, mobilization with biosimilar filgrastim appeared to be superior to that with lenograstim in younger MM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shab Uddin
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Pippa Russell
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Maresa Farrell
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Barbara Davy
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Joe Taylor
- Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK
| | - Samir G Agrawal
- Barts Health NHS Trust and Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Division of Haemato-Oncology, St Bartholomew's Hospital, London EC1A 7BE, UK
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Vemula S, Dedaniya A, Thunuguntla R, Mallu MR, Parupudi P, Ronda SR. Simplified in vitro refolding and purification of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor using protein folding cation exchange chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1379:74-82. [PMID: 25576039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 12/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Protein folding-strong cation exchange chromatography (PF-SCX) has been employed for efficient refolding with simultaneous purification of recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF). To acquire a soluble form of renatured and purified rhG-CSF, various chromatographic conditions, including the mobile phase composition and pH was evaluated. Additionally, the effects of additives such as urea, amino acids, polyols, sugars, oxidizing agents and their amalgamations were also investigated. Under the optimal conditions, rhG-CSF was efficaciously solubilized, refolded and simultaneously purified by SCX in a single step. The experimental results using ribose (2.0M) and arginine (0.6M) combination were found to be satisfactory with mass yield, purity and specific activity of 71%, ≥99% and 2.6×10(8)IU/mg respectively. Through this investigation, we concluded that the SCX refolding method was more efficient than conventional methods which has immense potential for the large-scale production of purified rhG-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Vemula
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Akshay Dedaniya
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Rahul Thunuguntla
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Maheswara Reddy Mallu
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pavani Parupudi
- Andhra University, College of Engineering, Visakhapatnam 530 003, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Srinivasa Reddy Ronda
- K L E F University, Centre for Bioprocess Technology, Department of Biotechnology, Guntur 522 502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
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Do BH, Ryu HB, Hoang P, Koo BK, Choe H. Soluble prokaryotic overexpression and purification of bioactive human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor by maltose binding protein and protein disulfide isomerase. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89906. [PMID: 24594699 PMCID: PMC3940694 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hGCSF), a neutrophil-promoting cytokine, is an effective therapeutic agent for neutropenia patients who have undergone several cancer treatments. Efficient production of hGCSF using E. coli is challenging because the hormone tends to aggregate and forms inclusion bodies. This study examined the ability of seven different N-terminal fusion tags to increase expression of soluble hGCSF in E. coli. Four tag proteins, namely maltose-binding protein (MBP), N-utilization substance protein A, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI), and the b'a' domain of PDI (PDIb'a'), increased the solubility of hGCSF under normal conditions. Lowering the expression temperature from 30°C to 18°C also increased the solubility of thioredoxin-tagged and glutathione S-transferase-tagged hGCSF. By contrast, hexahistidine-tagged hGCSF was insoluble at both temperatures. Simple conventional chromatographic methods were used to purify hGCSF from the overexpressed PDIb'a'-hGCSF and MBP-hGCSF proteins. In total, 11.3 mg or 10.2 mg of pure hGCSF were obtained from 500 mL cultures of E. coli expressing PDIb'a'-hGCSF or MBP-hGCSF, respectively. SDS-PAGE analysis and silver staining confirmed high purity of the isolated hGCSF proteins, and the endotoxin levels were less than 0.05 EU/µg of protein. Subsequently, the bioactivity of the purified hGCSF proteins similar to that of the commercially available hGCSF was confirmed using the mouse M-NFS-60 myelogenous leukemia cell line. The EC50s of the cell proliferation dose-response curves for hGCSF proteins purified from MBP-hGCSF and PDIb'a'-hGCSF were 2.83±0.31 pM, and 3.38±0.41 pM, respectively. In summary, this study describes an efficient method for the soluble overexpression and purification of bioactive hGCSF in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bich Hang Do
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han-Bong Ryu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Phuong Hoang
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Bon-Kyung Koo
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Han Choe
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Institute of Technology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Expression and purification of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in fed-batch culture of Escherichia coli. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:2425-35. [PMID: 24390866 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine that has multiple roles in hematopoietic cells such as the regulation of proliferation and differentiation. Here, we describe fed-batch culture, refolding, and purification of rhG-CSF. The suitability of urea or sarcosine for solubilizing inclusion bodies (IBs) was tested. It was observed that urea is more efficient for solubilizing and refolding IBs than sarcosine is. The purity of rhG-CSF and the removal percentage of the rhG-CSF isoforms during purification were increased by pH 5.5 precipitation. The purity and the yield of purified rhG-CSF were 99% and 0.5 g of protein per liter culture broth, respectively. Our protocols of recombinant protein purification using ion exchange chromatography and semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography of pH-precipitated refolded solution may be informative to the industrial scale production of biopharmaceuticals.
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Kim CK, Lee CH, Lee SB, Oh JW. Simplified large-scale refolding, purification, and characterization of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in Escherichia coli. PLoS One 2013; 8:e80109. [PMID: 24224041 PMCID: PMC3817114 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0080109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/04/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a pleiotropic cytokine that stimulates the development of committed hematopoietic progenitor cells and enhances the functional activity of mature cells. Here, we report a simplified method for fed-batch culture as well as the purification of recombinant human (rh) G-CSF. The new system for rhG-CSF purification was performed using not only temperature shift strategy without isopropyl-l-thio-β-d-galactoside (IPTG) induction but also the purification method by a single step of prep-HPLC after the pH precipitation of the refolded samples. Through these processes, the final cell density and overall yield of homogenous rhG-CSF were obtained 42.8 g as dry cell weights, 1.75 g as purified active proteins, from 1 L culture broth, respectively. The purity of rhG-CSF was finally 99% since the isoforms of rhG-CSF could be separated through the prep-HPLC step. The result of biological activity indicated that purified rhG-CSF has a similar profile to the World Health Organization (WHO) 2nd International Standard for G-CSF. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the simple purification through a single step of prep-HPLC may be valuable for the industrial-scale production of biologically active proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyu Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chi Ho Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology of Animal Resources, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung-Bae Lee
- Division of Animal Resources and Life Science, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Oh
- Department of Animal Biotechnology/Animal Resources Research Center, College of Animal Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
- * E-mail:
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Extending the serum half-life of G-CSF via fusion with the domain III of human serum albumin. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:107238. [PMID: 24151579 PMCID: PMC3787585 DOI: 10.1155/2013/107238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Protein fusion technology is one of the most commonly used methods to extend the half-life of therapeutic proteins. In this study, in order to prolong the half-life of Granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), the domain III of human serum albumin (3DHSA) was genetically fused to the N-terminal of G-CSF. The 3DHSA-G-CSF fusion gene was cloned into pPICZαA along with the open reading frame of the α-factor signal under the control of the AOX1 promoter. The recombinant expression vector was transformed into Pichia pastoris GS115, and the recombinant strains were screened by SDS-PAGE. As expected, the 3DHSA-G-CSF showed high binding affinity with HSA antibody and G-CSF antibody, and the natural N-terminal of 3DHSA was detected by N-terminal sequencing. The bioactivity and pharmacokinetic studies of 3DHSA-G-CSF were respectively determined using neutropenia model mice and human G-CSF ELISA kit. The results demonstrated that 3DHSA-G-CSF has the ability to increase the peripheral white blood cell (WBC) counts of neutropenia model mice, and the half-life of 3DHSA-G-CSF is longer than that of native G-CSF. In conclusion, 3DHSA can be used to extend the half-life of G-CSF.
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30
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Mo J, Tymiak AA, Chen G. Characterization of disulfide linkages in recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2013; 27:940-946. [PMID: 23592195 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.6530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2012] [Revised: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Recombinant human G granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) produced in Escherichia coli is a non-glycosylated polypeptide containing five cysteine residues. The reported major disulfide (S-S) linkages in mature human G-CSF are C36 -C42 and C64 -C74 , leaving C17 as a free cysteine, which could potentially result in S-S scrambling. The purpose of this work is to illustrate different mass spectrometry (MS) approaches for characterization of S-S linkages in therapeutic proteins including S-S scrambling using rhG-CSF as a model protein. METHODS Peptide mapping analysis of both non-reduced and reduced digests of rhG-CSF was performed to demonstrate the presence of S-S linked peptides and their corresponding reduced peptides. High mass accuracy measurements of these peptides provided the initial identifications of S-S linkages. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) and electron transfer dissociation (ETD) were used to fragment these peptides in order to obtain further sequence information and identify S-S linkages. RESULTS S-S linked peptides and their corresponding reduced peptides correlating with major S-S linkages were observed. Peptides that correlated with other S-S linkages as a result of S-S scrambling were also observed. CONCLUSIONS Presence of the reported major S-S linkages in rhG-CSF was confirmed. S-S scrambling was also observed in which C18 was involved in S-S linkages and C37 , C65 or C75 were present as free cysteines. This study demonstrates the practical utility of combining different MS methods for characterization of S-S linkages in therapeutic proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Mo
- Bioanalytical and Discovery Analytical Sciences, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Princeton, NJ 08543, USA.
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31
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Sharifi Tabar M, Habashi AA, Rajabi Memari H. Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) expression in plastids of Lactuca sativa. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2013; 17:158-64. [PMID: 23748895 PMCID: PMC3770259 DOI: 10.6091/ibj.1180.2013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hG-CSF) can serve as valuable biopharmaceutical for research and treatment of the human blood cancer. Transplastomic plants have been emerged as a new and high potential candidate for production of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins in comparison with transgenic plants due to extremely high level expression, biosafety and many other advantages. METHODS hG-CSF gene was cloned into pCL vector between prrn16S promoter and TpsbA terminator. The recombinant vector was coated on nanogold particles and transformed to lettuce chloroplasts through biolistic method. Callogenesis and regeneration of cotyledonary explants were obtained by Murashige and Skoog media containing 6-benzylaminopurine and 1-naphthaleneacetic acid hormones. The presence of hG-CSF gene in plastome was studied with four specific PCR primers and expression by Western immunoblotting. RESULTS hG-CSF gene cloning was confirmed by digestion and sequencing. Transplastomic lettuce lines were regenerated and subjected to molecular analysis. The presence of hG-CSF in plastome was confirmed by PCR using specific primers designed from the plastid genome. Western immunoblotting of extracted protein from transplastomic plants showed a 20-kDa band, which verified the expression of recombinant protein in lettuce chloroplasts. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first report that successfully express hG-CSF gene in lettuce chloroplast. The lettuce plastome can provide a cheap and safe expression platform for producing valuable biopharmaceuticals for research and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Sharifi Tabar
- Molecular Systems Biology Group of Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Ali Akbar Habashi
- Dept. of Tissue Culture and Cell Transformtion, Agriculture Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Seed and Plant Improvement Institutes Campus, Karaj, Iran;
| | - Hamid Rajabi Memari
- Biotechnology and Life Science Centre, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran;
- School of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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Tian H, Liu C, Gao XD, Yao WB. Optimization of auto-induction medium for G-CSF production by Escherichia coli using artificial neural networks coupled with genetic algorithm. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 29:505-13. [PMID: 23132252 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1204-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2012] [Accepted: 10/29/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a cytokine widely used in cancer patients receiving high doses of chemotherapeutic drugs to prevent the chemotherapy-induced suppression of white blood cells. The production of recombinant G-CSF should be increased to meet the increasing market demand. This study aims to model and optimize the carbon source of auto-induction medium to enhance G-CSF production using artificial neural networks coupled with genetic algorithm. In this approach, artificial neural networks served as bioprocess modeling tools, and genetic algorithm (GA) was applied to optimize the established artificial neural network models. Two artificial neural network models were constructed: the back-propagation (BP) network and the radial basis function (RBF) network. The root mean square error, coefficient of determination, and standard error of prediction of the BP model were 0.0375, 0.959, and 8.49 %, respectively, whereas those of the RBF model were 0.0257, 0.980, and 5.82 %, respectively. These values indicated that the RBF model possessed higher fitness and prediction accuracy than the BP model. Under the optimized auto-induction medium, the predicted maximum G-CSF yield by the BP-GA approach was 71.66 %, whereas that by the RBF-GA approach was 75.17 %. These predicted values are in agreement with the experimental results, with 72.4 and 76.014 % for the BP-GA and RBF-GA models, respectively. These results suggest that RBF-GA is superior to BP-GA. The developed approach in this study may be helpful in modeling and optimizing other multivariable, non-linear, and time-variant bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, College of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Expression of recombinant human mutant granulocyte colony stimulating factor (Nartograstim) in Escherichia coli. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 28:2593-600. [PMID: 22806165 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-012-1068-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2012] [Accepted: 04/20/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (hG-CSF) plays an important role in hematopoietic cell proliferation/differentiation and has been widely used as a therapeutic agent for treating neutropenias. Nartograstim is a commercial G-CSF that presents amino acid changes in specific positions when compared to the wild-type form, which potentially increase its activity and stability. The aim of this work was to develop an expression system in Escherichia coli that leads to the production of large amounts of a recombinant hG-CSF (rhG-CSF) biosimilar to Nartograstim. The nucleotide sequence of hg-csf was codon-optimized for expression in E. coli. As a result, high yields of the recombinant protein were obtained with adequate purity, structural integrity and biological activity. This protein has also been successfully used for the production of specific polyclonal antibodies in mice, which could be used in the control of the expression and purification in an industrial production process of this recombinant protein. These results will allow the planning of large-scale production of this mutant version of hG-CSF (Nartograstim), as a potential new biosimilar in the market.
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Fekete S, Berky R, Fekete J, Veuthey JL, Guillarme D. Evaluation of a new wide pore core–shell material (Aeris™ WIDEPORE) and comparison with other existing stationary phases for the analysis of intact proteins. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1236:177-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2011] [Revised: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 03/06/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Retallack DM, Jin H, Chew L. Reliable protein production in a Pseudomonas fluorescens expression system. Protein Expr Purif 2012; 81:157-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2011.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2011] [Revised: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Alrokayan S. Chemical synthesis and improved expression of recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor cDNA. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2011; 10:2671-8. [PMID: 22057963 DOI: 10.4238/2011.october.31.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Recently, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been recognized as a useful molecule for the treatment of a wide range of complex ailments, such as cancer, AIDS, H1N1 influenza, cardiac and neurological diseases. The vast therapeutic potential of G-CSF has induced scientists to develop biotechnological approaches for the synthesis of this pharmacologically active agent. We used a synthetic G-CSF cDNA molecule to produce the target protein by a simple cloning protocol. We constructed the synthetic cDNA using a DNA synthesizer with the aim to increase its expression level by specific sequence modifications at the 5' end of the G-CSF-coding region, decreasing the GC content without altering the predicted amino acid sequences. The identity of the resulting protein was confirmed by a highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In conclusion, a synthetic G-CSF cDNA in combination with the recombinant DNA protocol offers a rapid and reliable strategy for synthesizing the target protein. However, commercial utilization of this methodology will require rigorous validation and quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alrokayan
- King Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Jin H, Cantin GT, Maki S, Chew LC, Resnick SM, Ngai J, Retallack DM. Soluble periplasmic production of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in Pseudomonas fluorescens. Protein Expr Purif 2011; 78:69-77. [PMID: 21396452 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2011.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cost-effective production of soluble recombinant protein in a bacterial system remains problematic with respect to expression levels and quality of the expressed target protein. These constraints have particular meaning today as "biosimilar" versions of innovator protein drugs are entering the clinic and the marketplace. A high throughput, parallel processing approach to expression strain engineering was used to evaluate soluble expression of human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) in Pseudomonas fluorescens. The human g-csf gene was optimized for expression in P. fluorescens and cloned into a set of periplasmic expression vectors. These plasmids were transformed into a variety of P. fluorescens host strains each having a unique phenotype, to evaluate soluble expression in a 96-well growth and protein expression format. To identify a strain producing high levels of intact, soluble Met-G-CSF product, more than 150 protease defective host strains from the Pfēnex Expression Technology™ toolbox were screened in parallel using biolayer interferometry (BLI) to quantify active G-CSF binding to its receptor. A subset of these strains was screened by LC-MS analysis to assess the quality of the expressed G-CSF protein. A single strain with an antibiotic resistance marker insertion in the pfaI gene was identified that produced>99% Met-GCSF. A host with a complete deletion of the autotransporter-coding gene pfaI from the genome was constructed, and expression of soluble, active Met-GSCF in this strain was observed to be 350mg/L at the 1 liter fermentation scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfan Jin
- Pfenex Inc., 10790 Roselle street, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
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Correlation of liquid chromatographic and biological assay for potency assessment of filgrastim and related impurities. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 53:262-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2010.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2009] [Revised: 02/02/2010] [Accepted: 02/04/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Abstract The growing number of biosimilars presents challenges to regulatory and health technology assessment (HTA) systems. This paper illustrates these challenges by focusing on biosimilars used in the oncological setting. In particular, discordances between data required by regulatory and HTA authorities potentially deprive patients of effective treatments and hinder optimal resource allocation. Regulatory and HTA authorities need to harmonize requirements to foster the development and widespread use of biosimilars, which potentially release considerable resources. The authors believe that often-inappropriate methodology creates a very real chance that HTA authorities will reject some biosimilars. This would effectively extend patent protection and, in the absence of competitor pressure from biosimilars, result in prices remaining unnecessarily high. The authors propose that HTA organizations should accept pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic equivalence between the brand and the biosimilar as a proxy of biological comparability. HTA organizations should then adopt, in the absence of compelling reasons otherwise, cost-minimization analysis (CMA) as the basis of the cost-effectiveness deliberations. In the absence of adequate studies demonstrating equivalent efficacy, a prerequisite of CMA, HTA organizations should require threshold analysis. Once approved, biosimilar manufacturers and regulators should maintain rigorous pharmacovigilance to exclude immunoreactivity or other rare adverse events. Furthermore, cancer centres and trusts should regularly audit and publish the impact of biosimilars on clinical outcomes and resource use. When appropriate, regulatory and HTA authorities should demand revised cost-effectiveness analyses from biosimilar manufacturers. This approach would hone the accuracy of the cost-effectiveness analyses, protect patients and allow health services rapid access to low cost treatments.
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Tonic-Ribarska J, Brezovska K, Trajkovic-Jolevska S. Development and Validation of an SEC-HPLC Method for the Analysis of Lenogratsim (rHuG-CSF) in Pharmaceutical Formulations. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070903249716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina Brezovska
- a Faculty of Pharmacy, “Ss Cyril and Methodius” University , Skopje, Macedonia
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41
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Apte-Deshpande A, Somani S, Mandal G, Soorapaneni S, Padmanabhan S. Over expression and analysis of O-glycosylated recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor in Pichia pastoris using Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. J Biotechnol 2009; 143:44-50. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2009.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 05/25/2009] [Accepted: 06/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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42
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Ahmed KEAM, Chen WQ, John JPP, Kang SU, Lubec G. Complete sequencing of the recombinant granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (filgrastim) and detection of biotinylation by mass spectrometry. Amino Acids 2009; 38:1043-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-009-0312-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2009] [Accepted: 05/30/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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43
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Somani S, Mandal G, Banerjee S, Sabnis Prasad K, Padmanabhan S. Rapid and Sensitive Method to Detect Oxidized Forms of rhGCSF Using Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer. ANAL LETT 2009. [DOI: 10.1080/00032710902890454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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44
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Molecular cloning, expression in Escherichia coli and production of bioactive homogeneous recombinant human granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor. Int J Biol Macromol 2009; 45:97-102. [PMID: 19389424 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2009.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2009] [Revised: 03/27/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Human granulocyte and macrophage colony stimulating factor (hGM-CSF) is a glycoprotein that activates and enhances the differentiation and survival of neutrophils, eosinophils and macrophages, which play a key role in the innate immune response. Here we describe the construction of the hGM-CSF encoding gene, cloning, expression in Escherichia coli, purification of recombinant hGM-CSF, N-terminal amino acid sequencing, and biological activity assay using TF-1 cells. The results presented show that the combination of experimental strategies employed to obtain recombinant hGM-CSF can yield biologically active protein, and may be useful to scaling-up production of biosimilar protein.
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