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Wu Y, Li J, Zhu L, Wang D, Song J, Yu X, Li Y, Tang BZ. Photosensitive AIEgens sensitize bacteria to oxidative damage and modulate the inflammatory responses of macrophages to salvage the photodynamic therapy against MRSA. Biomaterials 2024; 309:122583. [PMID: 38692148 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2024.122583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
The urgent need for antimicrobial agents to combat infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria facilitates the exploration of alternative strategies such as photosensitizer (PS)-mediated photoinactivation. However, increasing studies have discovered uncorrelated bactericidal activities among PSs possessing similar photodynamic and pathogen-targeted properties. To optimize the photodynamic therapy (PDT) against infections, we investigated three type-I PSs of D-π-A AIEgens TI, TBI, and TTI. The capacities of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of TI, TBI, and TTI did not align with their bactericidal activities. Despite exhibiting the lowest photodynamic efficiency, TI exhibited the highest activities against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by impairing the anti-oxidative responses of bacteria. By comparison, TTI, characterized by the strongest ROS production, inactivated intracellular MRSA by potentiating the inflammatory response of macrophages. Unlike TI and TTI, TBI, despite possessing moderate photodynamic activities and inducing ROS accumulation in both MRSA and macrophages, did not exhibit any antibacterial activity. Therefore, relying on the disturbed anti-oxidative metabolism of pathogens or potentiated host immune responses, transient ROS bursts can effectively control bacterial infections. Our study reevaluates the contribution of photodynamic activities of PSs to bacterial elimination and provides new insights into discovering novel antibacterial targets and agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China; Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Jiangao Li
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China; Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518060, China
| | - Liwei Zhu
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Deliang Wang
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Huzhou University, Huzhou, Zhejiang, 313000, China
| | - Jiayi Song
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Xiyong Yu
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China
| | - Ying Li
- Innovation Research Center for AIE Pharmaceutical Biology, Guangzhou Municipal and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Molecular Target & Clinical Pharmacology, The NMPA and State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and the Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 511436, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Clinical Translational Research Center of Aggregation-Induced Emission, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong, 518172, China.
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2
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Azmi NN, Mahyudin NA, Wan Omar WH, Abdullah AH, Ismail R, Ishak CF, Sharples GJ. Antibacterial mechanism of Malaysian Carey clay against food-borne Staphylococcus aureus. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-5. [PMID: 38767201 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2355583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Depending on their chemical structure and geochemistry, clay minerals can display potent antibacterial properties against a range of bacterial pathogens. Malaysian Carey clay was evaluated for its antibacterial activity against food-borne Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565 strains. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal activity (MBC) of both Carey clay leachates and suspension were 125 mg/mL and 250 mg/mL, respectively. Time-kill assay revealed that 2x MIC and 4x MIC Carey clay in both leachate and suspension forms resulted in complete killing of S. aureus. Antibacterial mechanism was investigated through imaging of bacterial morphology using TEM and determination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using NBT assay. Imaging of bacterial morphology using TEM showed abnormalities, including disrupted cell walls following exposure to Carey clay, and the antibacterial activity was associated with generation of ROS. Our study suggests that Carey clay displays promising functionality as a natural antibacterial agent in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Naqiyah Azmi
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Ainy Mahyudin
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Wan Hasyera Wan Omar
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Roslan Ismail
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Che Fauziah Ishak
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Gary J Sharples
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom
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3
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Hernández-Escobar D, Pajares-Chamorro N, Chatzistavrou X, Hankenson KD, Hammer ND, Boehlert CJ. Tailored Coatings for Enhanced Performance of Zinc-Magnesium Alloys in Absorbable Implants. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:338-354. [PMID: 38109649 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c01255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Absorbable metals exhibit potential for next-generation temporary medical implants, dissolving safely in the body during tissue healing and regeneration. Their commercial incorporation could substantially diminish the need for additional surgeries and complications that are tied to permanent devices. Despite extensive research on magnesium (Mg) and iron (Fe), achieving the optimal combination of mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and controlled degradation rate for absorbable implants remains a challenge. Zinc (Zn) and Zn-based alloys emerged as an attractive alternative for absorbable implants, due to favorable combination of in vivo biocompatibility and degradation behavior. Moreover, the development of suitable coatings can enhance their biological characteristics and tailor their degradation process. In this work, four different biodegradable coatings (based on zinc phosphate (ZnP), collagen (Col), and Ag-doped bioactive glass nanoparticles (AgBGNs)) were synthesized by chemical conversion, spin-coating, or a combination of both on Zn-3Mg substrates. This study assessed the impact of the coatings on in vitro degradation behavior, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial activity. The ZnP-coated samples demonstrated controlled weight loss and a decreased corrosion rate over time, maintaining a physiological pH. Extracts from the uncoated, ZnP-coated, and Col-AgBGN-coated samples showed higher cell viability with increasing concentration. Bacterial viability was significantly impaired in all coated samples, particularly in the Col-AgBGN coating. This study showcases the potential of a strategic material-coating combination to effectively tackle multiple challenges encountered in current medical implant technologies by modifying the properties of absorbable metals to tailor patient treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Hernández-Escobar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Natalia Pajares-Chamorro
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Xanthippi Chatzistavrou
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Kurt D Hankenson
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48104, United States
| | - Neal D Hammer
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Carl J Boehlert
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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Ni X, Hou X, Ma D, Li Q, Li L, Gao B, Wang Y. Simultaneous removal of antibiotics and antibiotic resistant genes using a CeO 2@CNT electrochemical membrane-NaClO system. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 338:139457. [PMID: 37429382 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
The simultaneous removal of antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are important to inhibit the spread of antibiotic resistance. In this study, a coupled treatment system was developed using a CeO2 modified carbon nanotube electrochemical membrane and NaClO (denoted as CeO2@CNT-NaClO) to treat simulated water samples containing antibiotics and antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB). As the mass ratio of CeO2 to CNT was 5:7 and the current density was 2.0 mA/cm2, the CeO2@CNT-NaClO system removed 99% of sulfamethoxazole, 4.6 log sul1 genes, and 4.7 log intI1 genes from the sulfonamide-resistance water samples, and removed 98% of tetracycline, 2.0 log tetA genes, and 2.6 log intI1 genes of the tetracycline-resistance water samples. The outstanding performance of the CeO2@CNT-NaClO system for simultaneously removing antibiotic and ARGs was mainly ascribed to the generation of multiple reactive species, including •OH, •ClO, •O2- and 1O2. Antibiotics can undergo efficient degradation by •OH. However, the reaction between •OH and antibiotics reduces the availability of •OH to permeate into the cells and react with DNA. Nevertheless, the presence of •OH enhancd the effects of •ClO, •O2-, and 1O on ARG degradation. Through the coupled action of •OH, •ClO, •O2-, and 1O2, the cell membranes of ARB experience severe damage, resulting in an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a decrease in superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Consequently, this coordinated mechanism leads to superior removal of ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Ni
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Xuan Hou
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Defang Ma
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Ling Li
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Baoyu Gao
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China
| | - Yan Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao, PR China; The Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang, PR China.
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5
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Jiang W, Xie Z, Huang S, Huang Q, Chen L, Gao X, Lin Z. Targeting cariogenic pathogens and promoting competitiveness of commensal bacteria with a novel pH-responsive antimicrobial peptide. J Oral Microbiol 2022; 15:2159375. [PMID: 36570976 PMCID: PMC9788686 DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2022.2159375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Novel ecological antimicrobial approaches to dental caries focus on inhibiting cariogenic pathogens while enhancing the growth of health-associated commensal communities or suppressing cariogenic virulence without affecting the diversity of oral microbiota, which emphasize the crucial role of establishing a healthy microbiome in caries prevention. Considering that the acidified cariogenic microenvironment leads to the dysbiosis of microecology and demineralization of enamel, exploiting the acidic pH as a bioresponsive trigger to help materials and medications target cariogenic pathogens is a promising strategy to develop novel anticaries approaches. In this study, a pH-responsive antimicrobial peptide, LH12, was designed utilizing the pH-sensitivity of histidine, which showed higher cationicity and stronger interactions with bacterial cytomembranes at acidic pH. Streptococcus mutans was used as the in vitro caries model to evaluate the inhibitory effects of LH12 on the cariogenic properties, such as biofilm formation, biofilm morphology, acidurance, acidogenicity, and exopolysaccharides synthesis. The dual-species model of Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus gordonii was established in vitro to evaluate the regulation effects of LH12 on the mixed species microbial community containing both cariogenic bacteria and commensal bacteria. LH12 suppressed the cariogenic properties and regulated the bacterial composition to a healthier condition through a dual-functional mechanism. Firstly, LH12-targeted cariogenic pathogens in response to the acidified microenvironment and suppressed the cariogenic virulence by inhibiting the expression of multiple virulence genes and two-component signal transduction systems. Additionally, LH12 elevated H2O2 production of the commensal bacteria and subsequently improved the ecological competitiveness of the commensals. The dual-functional mechanism made LH12 a potential bioresponsive approach to caries management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Zhuo Xie
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Shuheng Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Qiting Huang
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Lingling Chen
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Xianling Gao
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina
| | - Zhengmei Lin
- Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, GuangdongChina,CONTACT Zhengmei Lin Hospital of Stomatology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong510055, China
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6
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Yang Y, Ma S, Guo K, Guo D, Li J, Wang M, Wang Y, Zhang C, Xia X, Shi C. Efficacy of 405-nm LED illumination and citral used alone and in combination for the inactivation of Cronobacter sakazakii in reconstituted powdered infant formula. Food Res Int 2022; 154:111027. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.111027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Azmi NN, Mahyudin NA, Wan Omar WH, Mahmud Ab Rashid NK, Ishak CF, Abdullah AH, Sharples GJ. Antibacterial Activity of Clay Soils against Food-Borne Salmonella typhimurium and Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010170. [PMID: 35011396 PMCID: PMC8746575 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural clays have recently been proven to possess antibacterial properties. Effective natural antimicrobial agents are needed to combat bacterial contamination on food contact surfaces, which are increasingly more prevalent in the food chain. This study sought to determine the antibacterial activity of clays against the food-borne pathogens Salmonella typhimurium ATCC 14028 and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 13565. Soils were processed to yield leachates and suspensions from untreated and treated clays. Soil particle size, pH, cation-exchange capacity, metal composition and mineralogy were characterized. Antibacterial screening was performed on six Malaysian soils via the disc diffusion method. In addition, a time-kill assay was conducted on selected antibacterial clays after 6 h of exposure. The screening revealed that Munchong and Carey clays significantly inhibit Salmonella typhimurium (11.00 ± 0.71 mm) and S. aureus (7.63 ± 0.48 mm), respectively. Treated Carey clay leachate and suspension completely kill Salmonella typhimurium, while S. aureus viability is reduced (2 to 3 log10). The untreated Carey and all Munchong clays proved ineffective as antibacterials. XRD analysis confirmed the presence of pyrite and magnetite. Treated Carey clays had a higher soluble metal content compared to Munchong; namely Al (92.63 ± 2.18 mg/L), Fe (65.69 ± 3.09 mg/L) and Mg (88.48 ± 2.29 mg/L). Our results suggest that metal ion toxicity is responsible for the antibacterial activity of these clays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Naqiyah Azmi
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.A.); (W.H.W.O.)
| | - Nor Ainy Mahyudin
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.A.); (W.H.W.O.)
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Wan Hasyera Wan Omar
- Halal Products Research Institute, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia; (N.N.A.); (W.H.W.O.)
| | | | - Che Fauziah Ishak
- Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Malaysia;
| | | | - Gary J. Sharples
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, UK;
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Complete Genome Sequence of the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Strain SQL1/USA300, Used for Testing the Antimicrobial Properties of Clay Phyllosilicates and Customized Aluminosilicates. Microbiol Resour Announc 2021; 10:e0086121. [PMID: 34761956 PMCID: PMC8582308 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00861-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a Gram-positive bacterium that causes community-acquired and health care-acquired infections. We previously demonstrated that clay phyllosilicates and customized aluminosilicates display antimicrobial activity against the MRSA strain SQL1. The SQL1 annotated genome reveals a USA300 lineage and contributes critical knowledge of the MRSA virulence factors associated with tissue infection.
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Bacitracin-Ag Nanoclusters as a Novel Antibacterial Agent Combats Shigella flexneri by Disrupting Cell Membrane and Inhibiting Biofilm Formation. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11112928. [PMID: 34835692 PMCID: PMC8619489 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel nanomaterial Bacitracin-Ag Nanoclusters (Bacitracin-AgNCs) was formed to achieve a better antibacterial effect on Shigella flexneri which poses a serious threat to human health. In the current study, X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to characterize the properties of composited Bacitracin-AgNCs. Furthermore, the inhibitory effects of Bacitracin-AgNCs against S. flexneri were explored, and the inhibition mechanism was discussed in terms of its aspects of cell membrane ravage, ATPase activity decline and biofilm inhibition. The results reveal that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Bacitracin-AgNCs against S. flexneri were 0.03 mg/mL and 4 mg/mL. Bacitracin-AgNCs may cause irreversible impairment to cells and greatly change the cell morphology. The cell membrane integrity of S. flexneri was destroyed with changes in the characteristics of membrane permeability and intracellular substances leakage. Moreover, our study further proved that Bacitracin-AgNCs significantly inhibited the formation of S. flexneri biofilms and reduced the number of viable bacteria in biofilm. These findings provide a potential method for the exploitation of organic composite nanomaterials as a novel antimicrobial agent and its application in the food industry.
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Jiang W, Luo J, Wang Y, Chen X, Jiang X, Feng Z, Zhang L. The pH-Responsive Property of Antimicrobial Peptide GH12 Enhances Its Anticaries Effects at Acidic pH. Caries Res 2020; 55:21-31. [PMID: 33341803 DOI: 10.1159/000508458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental caries is closely related to the acidification of the biofilms on the tooth surface, in which cariogenic bacteria bring about a dramatic pH decrease and disrupt remineralisation equilibrium upon the fermentation of dietary sugars. Thus, approaches targeting the acidified niches with enhanced anticaries activities at acidic pH are highly desirable. In our previous study, a cationic amphipathic α-helical antimicrobial peptide GH12 (Gly-Leu-Leu-Trp-His-Leu-Leu-His-His-Leu-Leu-His-NH2) was designed with good stability, low cytotoxicity, and excellent antibacterial effects. Considering its potent antibacterial activity against the acidogenic bacteria and its histidine-rich sequence, it was speculated that GH12 might show enhanced antimicrobial effects at an acidic pH. In this study, the pH-responsive property of GH12 was determined to evaluate its potential as a smart acid-activated anticaries agent. GH12 possessed much lower minimal inhibitory concentrations and minimal bactericidal concentrations against various kinds of bacteria at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.2. Employing Streptococcus mutans, the principal caries pathogen, as the model system, it was found that GH12 showed much stronger bactericidal effects on both planktonic S. mutans and S. mutans embedded in the biofilm at pH 5.5. In addition, short-term treatment with GH12 showed much more effective inhibitory effects on water-insoluble exopolysaccharides synthesis and lactic acid production of the preformed S. mutans biofilm at pH 5.5. As for the mechanism exploration, it was found that the net positive charge of GH12 increased and the tryptophan fluorescence intensity heightened with the peak shifting towards the short wavelength at pH 5.5, which demonstrated that GH12 could be more easily attracted to the anionic microbial cell membranes and that GH12 showed stronger interactions with the lipid membranes. In conclusion, acidic pH enhanced the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of GH12, and GH12 is a potential smart anticaries agent targeting the cariogenic acidic microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyuan Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yufei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangshu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xuelian Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zening Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China, .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,
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11
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Butler JA, Slate AJ, Todd DB, Airton D, Hardman M, Hickey NA, Scott K, Venkatraman PD. A traditional Ugandan Ficus natalensis bark cloth exhibits antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 131:2-10. [PMID: 33247525 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Surgical site, soft tissue and wound infections are some of the most prominent causes of healthcare-associated infections (HCAIs). Developing novel antimicrobial textiles and wound dressings may help alleviate the risk of developing HCAIs. We aimed to determine the antimicrobial efficacy of natural Ugandan bark cloth derived exclusively from the Ficus natalensis tree. METHODS AND RESULTS Antimicrobial contact and disc diffusion assays, coupled with time-kill kinetic assays, demonstrated that bark cloth inhibited the growth of a clinically relevant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strain and acted as a bactericidal agent causing a seven-log reduction in bacterial viability. Scanning electron microscopy was used to reveal morphological changes in the bacterial cell ultrastructure when exposed to bark cloth, which supported a proposed mechanism of antimicrobial activity. CONCLUSIONS The observed antimicrobial properties, combined with the physical characteristics elicited by bark cloth, suggest this product is ideally suited for wound and other skin care applications. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY This is the first report where a whole bark cloth product made by traditional methods has been employed as an antimicrobial fabric against MRSA. Bark cloth is a highly sustainable and renewable product and this study presents a major advance in the search for natural fabrics which could be deployed for healthcare applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Butler
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - A J Slate
- Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - D B Todd
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - D Airton
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - M Hardman
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - N A Hickey
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
| | - K Scott
- Istituto Marangoni, London, UK
| | - P D Venkatraman
- School of Fashion, Faculty of Arts and Humanities, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK
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12
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Behroozian S, Svensson SL, Li LY, Davies JE. Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Antibiofilm Activity of a Natural Clay Mineral from British Columbia, Canada. mBio 2020; 11:e02350-20. [PMID: 33024043 PMCID: PMC7542368 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02350-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide increases in antibiotic resistance and the dearth of new antibiotics have created a global crisis in the treatment of infectious diseases. These concerns highlight the pressing need for novel antimicrobial agents. Natural clay minerals have a long history of therapeutic and biomedical applications and have lately received specific attention for their potent antimicrobial properties. In particular, Kisameet clay (KC) has strong antibacterial activity against a variety of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial pathogens in vitro Here, we have extended the known spectrum of activity of KC by demonstrating its efficacy against two major fungal pathogens, Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans In addition, KC also exhibits potent activity against the opportunistic bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium marinum, a model organism for M. ulcerans infection. Moreover, aqueous KC leachates (KC-L) exhibited broad-spectrum antibacterial activity, eradicated Gram-negative and Gram-positive biofilms, and prevented their formation. The mechanism(s) underlying KC antibacterial activity appears to be complex. Adjusting KC-L to neutral pH rendered it inactive, indicating a contribution of pH, although low pH alone was insufficient for its antibacterial activity. Treatment of KC minerals with cation-chelating agents such as EDTA, 2,2'-bipyridyl, and deferoxamine reduced the antibacterial activity, while supplementation of KC-L with these chelating agents eliminated the inhibitory activity. Together, the data suggest a positive role for divalent and trivalent cations, including iron and aluminum, in bacterial inhibition by KC. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the range of KC bioactivity and provide a better understanding of the mechanism underlying its antibacterial effects.IMPORTANCE The escalating emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria, together with the paucity of novel antimicrobial agents in antibiotic development, is recognized as a worldwide public health crisis. Kisameet clay (KC), found in British Columbia (BC), Canada, is a clay mineral with a long history of therapeutic applications among people of the First Nations. We previously reported the antibacterial activity of KC against a group of MDR clinical pathogens. Here, we demonstrate its activity against two major human-pathogenic fungal species, as well as against bacterial biofilms, which underlie many recalcitrant bacterial infections. In these studies, we also identified several geochemical characteristics of KC, such as metal ions and low pH, which are involved in its antibacterial activity. These findings provide a better understanding of the components of KC antibacterial activity and a basis for developing defined preparations of this clay mineral for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekooh Behroozian
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Sarah L Svensson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Loretta Y Li
- Department of Civil Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Julian E Davies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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13
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Christidis GE, Knapp CW, Venieri D, Gounaki I, Elgy C, Valsami-Jones E, Photos-Jones E. The interweaving roles of mineral and microbiome in shaping the antibacterial activity of archaeological medicinal clays. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112894. [PMID: 32348844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Medicinal Earths (MEs), natural aluminosilicate-based substances (largely kaolinite and montmorillonite), have been part of the European pharmacopoeia for well over two millennia; they were used generically as antidotes to 'poison'. AIM OF THE STUDY To test the antibacterial activity of three Lemnian and three Silesian Earths, medicinal earths in the collection of the Pharmacy Museum of the University of Basel, dating to 16th-18th century and following the methodology outlined in the graphical abstract. To compare them with natural clays of the same composition (reference clays) and synthetic clays (natural clays spiked with elements such as B, Al, Ti and Fe); to assess the parameters which drive antibacterial activity, when present, in each group of samples. MATERIALS AND METHODS a total of 31 samples are investigated chemically (ICP-MS), mineralogically (both bulk (XRD) and at the nano-sized level (TEM-EDAX)); their organic load (bacterial and fungal) is DNA-sequenced; their bioactivity (MIC60) is tested against Gram-positive, S. aureus and Gram-negative, P. aeruginosa. RESULTS Reference smectites and kaolinites show no antibacterial activity against the above pathogens. However, the same clays when spiked with B or Al (but not with Ti or Fe) do show antibacterial activity. Of the six MEs, only two are antibacterial against both pathogens. Following DNA sequencing of the bioactive MEs, we show the presence within of a fungal component, Talaromyces sp, a fungus of the family of Trichocomaceae (order Eurotiales), historically associated with Penicillium. Talaromyces is a known producer of the exometabolite bioxanthracene B, and in an earlier publication we have already identified a closely related member of the bioxanthracene group, in association with one of the LE samples examined here. By linking fungus to its exometabolite we suggest that this fungal load may be the key parameter driving antibacterial activity of the MEs. CONCLUSIONS Antibacterial activity in kaolinite and smectite clays can arise either from spiking natural clays with elements like B and Al, or from an organic (fungal) load found only within some archaeological earths. It cannot be assumed, a priori, that this organic load was acquired randomly and as a result of long-term storage in museum collections. This is because, at least in the case of medicinal Lemnian Earth, there is historical evidence to suggest that the addition of a fungal component may have been deliberate.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Christidis
- School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - C W Knapp
- Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XQ, UK
| | - D Venieri
- School of Environmental Engineering Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - I Gounaki
- School of Environmental Engineering Technical University of Crete, 73100, Chania, Greece
| | - C Elgy
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Valsami-Jones
- School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK
| | - E Photos-Jones
- Analytical Services for Art and Archaeology (Ltd), Glasgow, G12 8JD, UK; Archaeology, School of Humanities, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK.
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14
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Development of chimeric peptides to facilitate the neutralisation of lipopolysaccharides during bactericidal targeting of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Commun Biol 2020; 3:41. [PMID: 31974490 PMCID: PMC6978316 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-0761-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenic Escherichia coli can cause fatal diarrheal diseases in both animals and humans. However, no antibiotics or antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) can adequately kill resistant bacteria and clear bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) which leads to inflammation and sepsis. Here, the LPS-targeted smart chimeric peptides (SCPs)-A6 and G6 are generated by connecting LPS-targeting peptide-LBP14 and killing domain-N6 via different linkers. Rigid and flexible linkers retain the independent biological activities from each component. SCPs-A6 and G6 exert low toxicity and no bacterial resistance, and they more rapidly kill multiple-drug-resistant E. coli and more effectively neutralize LPS toxicity than N6 alone. The SCPs can enhance mouse survival more effectively than N6 or polymyxin B and alleviate lung injuries by blocking mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa-B p65 activation. These findings uniquely show that SCPs-A6 and G6 may be promising dual-function candidates as improved antibacterial and anti-endotoxin agents to treat bacterial infection and sepsis. Wang ZL and Wang XM design bactericidal peptides in which an antimicrobial domain is fused to a domain that facilitates the neutralisation of lipoplysaccaride (LPS) to prevent inflammation associated with the targeting of Gram-negative bacteria. They characterise their properties and structures, and show their efficiency in vitro and in vivo.
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15
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Morphophysiological responses of detached and adhered biofilms of Pseudomonas fluorescens to acidic electrolyzed water. Food Microbiol 2019; 82:89-98. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Hu J, Ben Maamar S, Glawe AJ, Gottel N, Gilbert JA, Hartmann EM. Impacts of indoor surface finishes on bacterial viability. INDOOR AIR 2019; 29:551-562. [PMID: 30980566 PMCID: PMC6851865 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Microbes in indoor environments are constantly being exposed to antimicrobial surface finishes. Many are rendered non-viable after spending extended periods of time under low-moisture, low-nutrient surface conditions, regardless of whether those surfaces have been amended with antimicrobial chemicals. However, some microorganisms remain viable even after prolonged exposure to these hostile conditions. Work with specific model pathogens makes it difficult to draw general conclusions about how chemical and physical properties of surfaces affect microbes. Here, we explore the survival of a synthetic community of non-model microorganisms isolated from built environments following exposure to three chemically and physically distinct surface finishes. Our findings demonstrated the differences in bacterial survival associated with three chemically and physically distinct materials. Alkaline clay surfaces select for an alkaliphilic bacterium, Kocuria rosea, whereas acidic mold-resistant paint favors Bacillus timonensis, a Gram-negative spore-forming bacterium that also survives on antimicrobial surfaces after 24 hours of exposure. Additionally, antibiotic-resistant Pantoea allii did not exhibit prolonged retention on antimicrobial surfaces. Our controlled microcosm experiment integrates measurement of indoor chemistry and microbiology to elucidate the complex biochemical interactions that influence the indoor microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglin Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Sarah Ben Maamar
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Adam J. Glawe
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
| | - Neil Gottel
- Department of SurgeryThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Jack A. Gilbert
- Department of SurgeryThe University of ChicagoChicagoIllinois
| | - Erica M. Hartmann
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringNorthwestern UniversityEvanstonIllinois
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17
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Synergistic effect of B-type oligomeric procyanidins from lotus seedpod in combination with water-soluble Poria cocos polysaccharides against E. coli and mechanism. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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18
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Zhang Y, Gu AZ, Cen T, Li X, He M, Li D, Chen J. Sub-inhibitory concentrations of heavy metals facilitate the horizontal transfer of plasmid-mediated antibiotic resistance genes in water environment. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:74-82. [PMID: 29477117 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.01.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 210] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 01/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/13/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Although widespread antibiotic resistance has been mostly attributed to the selective pressure generated by overuse and misuse of antibiotics, recent growing evidence suggests that chemicals other than antibiotics, such as certain metals, can also select and stimulate antibiotic resistance via both co-resistance and cross-resistance mechanisms. For instance, tetL, merE, and oprD genes are resistant to both antibiotics and metals. However, the potential de novo resistance induced by heavy metals at environmentally-relevant low concentrations (much below theminimum inhibitory concentrations [MICs], also referred as sub-inhibitory) has hardly been explored. This study investigated and revealed that heavy metals, namely Cu(II), Ag(I), Cr(VI), and Zn(II), at environmentally-relevant and sub-inhibitory concentrations, promoted conjugative transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) between E. coli strains. The mechanisms of this phenomenon were further explored, which involved intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation, SOS response, increased cell membrane permeability, and altered expression of conjugation-relevant genes. These findings suggest that sub-inhibitory levels of heavy metals that widely present in various environments contribute to the resistance phenomena via facilitating horizontal transfer of ARGs. This study provides evidence from multiple aspects implicating the ecological effect of low levels of heavy metals on antibiotic resistance dissemination and highlights the urgency of strengthening efficacious policy and technology to control metal pollutants in the environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - April Z Gu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, United States
| | - Tianyu Cen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiangyang Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Miao He
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (ESPC) State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP(3)), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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19
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Bai J, Wu Y, Wang X, Liu X, Zhong K, Huang Y, Chen Y, Gao H. In vitro
and
in vivo
characterization of the antibacterial activity and membrane damage mechanism of quinic acid against
Staphylococcus aureus. J Food Saf 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfs.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinrong Bai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Yanping Wu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Xiaoyan Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Yina Huang
- Department of Public HealthWest China Medical School, Sichuan UniversityChengdu China
| | - Yiting Chen
- International Department of Shude High SchoolChengdu China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food EngineeringSichuan UniversityChengdu China
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20
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Tang C, Xie B, Sun Z. Antibacterial activity and mechanism of B-type oligomeric procyanidins from lotus seedpod on enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.09.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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21
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Huang X, Bao X, Liu Y, Wang Z, Hu Q. Catechol-Functional Chitosan/Silver Nanoparticle Composite as a Highly Effective Antibacterial Agent with Species-Specific Mechanisms. Sci Rep 2017; 7:1860. [PMID: 28500325 PMCID: PMC5431845 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02008-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) coated with catechol-conjugated chitosan (CSS) were prepared using green methods. Interestingly, we uncovered that CSS-coated Ag NPs (CSS-Ag NPs) exhibited a higher toxicity against gram-negative Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria than against gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria. The differences revealed that the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram bacteria with distinct, species-specific mechanisms. The aim of this study is to further investigate these underlying mechanisms through a series of analyses. The ultrastructure and morphology of the bacteria before and after treatment with CSS-Ag NPs were observed. The results demonstrated the CSS-Ag NPs killed gram-positive bacteria through a disorganization of the cell wall and leakage of cytoplasmic content. In contrast, the primary mechanism of action on gram-negative bacteria was a change in membrane permeability, induced by adsorption of CSS-Ag NPs. The species-specific mechanisms are caused by structural differences in the cell walls of gram bacteria. Gram-positive bacteria are protected from CSS-Ag NPs by a thicker cell wall, while gram-negatives are more easily killed due to an interaction between a special outer membrane and the nanoparticles. Our study offers an in-depth understanding of the antibacterial behaviors of CSS-Ag NPs and provides insights into ultimately optimizing the design of Ag NPs for treatment of bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xiaojiong Bao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Yalan Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China.,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Zhengke Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
| | - Qiaoling Hu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China. .,Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310027, China.
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22
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Zhang Y, Gu AZ, He M, Li D, Chen J. Subinhibitory Concentrations of Disinfectants Promote the Horizontal Transfer of Multidrug Resistance Genes within and across Genera. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:570-580. [PMID: 27997135 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The greater abundances of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in point-of-use tap and reclaimed water than that in freshly treated water raise the question whether residual disinfectants in distribution systems facilitate the spread of ARGs. This study investigated three widely used disinfectants (free chlorine, chloramine, and hydrogen peroxide) on promoting ARGs transfer within Escherichia coli strains and across genera from Escherichia coli to Salmonella typhimurium. The results demonstrated that subinhibitory concentrations (lower than minimum inhibitory concentrations [MICs]) of these disinfectants, namely 0.1-1 mg/L Cl2 for free chlorine, 0.1-1 mg/L Cl2 for chloramine, and 0.24-3 mg/L H2O2, led to concentration-dependent increases in intragenera conjugative transfer by 3.4-6.4, 1.9-7.5, and 1.4-5.4 folds compared with controls, respectively. By comparison, the intergenera conjugative frequencies were slightly increased by approximately 1.4-2.3 folds compared with controls. However, exposure to disinfectants concentrations higher than MICs significantly suppressed conjugative transfer. This study provided evidence and insights into possible underlying mechanisms for enhanced conjugative transfer, which involved intracellular reactive oxygen species formation, SOS response, increased cell membrane permeability, and altered expressions of conjugation-relevant genes. The results suggest that certain oxidative chemicals, such as disinfectants, accelerate ARGs transfer and therefore justify motivations in evaluating disinfection alternatives for controlling antibiotic resistance. This study also triggers questions regarding the potential role of environmental chemicals in the global spread of antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - April Z Gu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northeastern University , Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Miao He
- Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control (ESPC) State Key Joint Laboratory, School of Environment, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Dan Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jianmin Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Particle Pollution and Prevention (LAP3), Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fudan University , Shanghai 200433, China
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23
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Antibacterial Activity and Membrane-Disruptive Mechanism of 3-p-trans-Coumaroyl-2-hydroxyquinic Acid, a Novel Phenolic Compound from Pine Needles of Cedrus deodara, against Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081084. [PMID: 27548123 PMCID: PMC6273998 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, we reported that a novel phenolic compound isolated from Cedrus deodara, 3-p-trans-coumaroyl-2-hydroxyquinic acid (CHQA), exhibits a potent antioxidant activity. The present study aimed to evaluate the antibacterial activity of CHQA against eleven food-borne pathogens and to elucidate its mechanism of action against Staphylococcus aureus. The results from minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determinations showed that CHQA exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on all of the tested pathogens with MIC values ranging from 2.5-10 mg/mL. Membrane potential measurements and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that CHQA damaged the cytoplasmic membrane of S. aureus, causing a significant membrane hyperpolarization with a loss of membrane integrity. Moreover, CHQA induced an increase in membrane fluidity and conformational changes in membrane protein of S. aureus, suggesting that CHQA probably acts on the cell membrane by interactions with membrane lipid and protein. Transmission electron microscopic observations further confirmed that CHQA disrupted the cell membrane of S. aureus and caused severe morphological changes, which even led to leakage of intracellular constituents. These findings indicated that CHQA could have the potential to serve as a natural antibacterial agent to control and prevent the growth of pathogens in food and in food-processing environments.
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24
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Wu Y, Bai J, Zhong K, Huang Y, Gao H. A dual antibacterial mechanism involved in membrane disruption and DNA binding of 2R,3R-dihydromyricetin from pine needles of Cedrus deodara against Staphylococcus aureus. Food Chem 2016; 218:463-470. [PMID: 27719936 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The antibacterial activity and mechanism of 2R,3R-dihydromyricetin (DMY) against Staphylococcus aureus were investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentration of DMY against S. aureus was 0.125mg/ml, and the growth inhibitory assay also revealed that DMY showed a potent antibacterial activity against S. aureus. Massive nucleotide leakage and flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that DMY disrupted the membrane integrity of S. aureus. Morphological changes and membrane hyperpolarization of S. aureus cells treated with DMY further suggested that DMY destroyed cell membrane. Meanwhile, DMY probably interacted with membrane lipids and proteins, causing a significant reduction in membrane fluidity and changes in conformation of membrane protein. Moreover, DMY could interact with S. aureus DNA through the groove binding mode. Overall, the results suggested that DMY could be applied as a candidate for the development of new food preservatives as it achieved bactericidal activity by damaging cell membrane and binding to intracellular DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Wu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinrong Bai
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yina Huang
- Department of Public Health, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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25
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Martínez SR, Miana GE, Albesa I, Mazzieri MR, Becerra MC. Evaluation of Antibacterial Activity and Reactive Species Generation of N-Benzenesulfonyl Derivatives of Heterocycles. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2016; 64:135-41. [PMID: 26833442 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c15-00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Two N-benzenesulfonyl (BS) derivatives of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) were designed, prepared, and screened for antibacterial activity. This approach was based on combining the two privileged structures, BS and THQ, which are known to be active. The objective of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial activity of BS-THQ and its analogue 4-NH2BS-THQ, and to investigate the roles of reactive oxygen species and reactive nitrogen species in their lethality. Both showed bactericidal activity against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) ATCC 43300, with transmission electron microscopy revealing a disturbed membrane architecture. Furthermore, an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in strains treated with BS-THQ with respect to the control was detected when fluorescent microscopy and spectrophotometric techniques were used. The analogue 4-NH2BS-THQ demonstrated a broader spectrum of activity than BS-THQ, with a minimum inhibitory concentration of 100 µg/mL against reference strains of S. aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The assayed compounds represent promising structures for the development of new synthetic classes of antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sol Romina Martínez
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biología Vegetal (IMBIV), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba
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26
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Adusumilli S, Haydel SE. In vitro antibacterial activity and in vivo efficacy of hydrated clays on Mycobacterium ulcerans growth. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 16:40. [PMID: 26833071 PMCID: PMC4734862 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-016-1020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background Buruli ulcer, caused by Mycobacterium ulcerans, is a localized skin lesion that can progress to extensive ulceration and necrosis if left untreated. Unpublished studies of hydrated clays for therapeutic, topical treatment of Buruli ulcer suggest that specific clay mineral products may have beneficial effects on wound healing. In this study, we evaluated the in vitro antibacterial activity of a panel of clay mixtures and their derivative leachates against M. ulcerans and assessed the in vivo efficacy of topically-applied, hydrated clays on Buruli ulcer progression in mice infected with M. ulcerans. Methods M. ulcerans 1615 was incubated with 10 % suspensions of CB07, CB08, CB09, CB10, and BY07 clay mixtures, and survival was determined over 28 days. For animal experiments, we examined the effect of topical hydrated clay therapy on Buruli ulcer progression in vivo in mouse tails subcutaneously infected with M. ulcerans 1615. Results The CB07, CB08, and CB09 clays exhibited bactericidal activity against M. ulcerans after 7, 14, 21, and 28 days of incubation. In contrast, clay leachates exhibited inhibitory, bacteriostatic effects on M. ulcerans growth in vitro. After establishing an ulcerative M. ulcerans infection for three months, ulcerated regions of the tails were treated once daily (five consecutive days per week) for 22 days with hydrated CB09 clay poultices. Mice in the clay treatment group exhibited healing as assessed by gross morphological changes and a reduction in M. ulcerans present in the wounds. Conclusions These data reveal that specific clays exhibit in vitro bactericidal activity against M. ulcerans and that hydrated clay poultices may offer a complementary and integrative strategy for topically treating Buruli ulcer disease.
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Antibacterial Activity of Shikimic Acid from Pine Needles of Cedrus deodara against Staphylococcus aureus through Damage to Cell Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:27145-55. [PMID: 26580596 PMCID: PMC4661873 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161126015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shikimic acid (SA) has been reported to possess antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, whereas the mode of action of SA is still elusive. In this study, the antibacterial activity and mechanism of SA toward S. aureus by cell membrane damage was investigated. After SA treatment, massive K+ and nucleotide leakage from S. aureus, and a significant change in the membrane potential was observed, suggesting SA may act on the membrane by destroying the cell membrane permeability. Through transmission electron microscopic observations we further confirmed that SA can disrupt the cell membrane and membrane integrity. Meanwhile, SA was found to be capable of reducing the membrane fluidity of the S. aureus cell. Moreover, the fluorescence experiments indicated that SA could quench fluorescence of Phe residues of the membrane proteins, thus demonstrating that SA can bind to S. aureus membrane proteins. Therefore, these results showed the antibacterial activity of SA against S. aureus could be caused by the interactions of SA with S. aureus membrane proteins and lipids, resulting in causing cell membrane dysfunction and bacterial damage or even death. This study reveals the potential use of SA as an antibacterial agent.
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Friedlander LR, Puri N, Schoonen MAA, Wali Karzai A. The effect of pyrite on Escherichia coli in water: proof-of-concept for the elimination of waterborne bacteria by reactive minerals. JOURNAL OF WATER AND HEALTH 2015; 13:42-53. [PMID: 25719464 PMCID: PMC5891221 DOI: 10.2166/wh.2014.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present proof-of-concept results for the elimination of waterborne bacteria by reactive minerals. We exposed Escherichia coli MG1655 suspended in water to the reactive mineral pyrite (FeS₂) at room temperature and ambient light. This slurry eliminates 99.9% of bacteria in fewer than 4 hours. We also exposed Escherichia coli to pyrite leachate (supernatant liquid from slurry after 24 hours), which eliminates 99.99% of bacteria over the same time-scale. Unlike SOlar water DISinfection (SODIS), our results do not depend on the presence of ultraviolet (UV) light. We confirmed this by testing proposed SODIS additive and known photo-catalyst anatase (TiO₂) for antibacterial properties and found that, in contrast to pyrite, it does not eliminate E. coli under our experimental conditions. Previous investigations of naturally antibiotic minerals have focused on the medical applications of antibiotic clays, and thus have not been conducted under experimental conditions resembling those found in water purification. In our examination of the relevant literature, we have not found previously reported evidence for the use of reactive minerals in water sanitization. The results from this proof-of-concept experiment may have important implications for future directions in household water purification research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lonia R Friedlander
- Department of Geosciences, 255 Earth and Space Sciences (ESS) Building, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA E-mail:
| | - Neha Puri
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Center for Infectious Diseases, 5120 State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5120, USA
| | - Martin A A Schoonen
- Department of Geosciences, 255 Earth and Space Sciences (ESS) Building, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2100, USA E-mail:
| | - A Wali Karzai
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Center for Infectious Diseases, 5120 State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5120, USA
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Wang C, Chang T, Yang H, Cui M. Antibacterial mechanism of lactic acid on physiological and morphological properties of Salmonella Enteritidis, Escherichia coli and Listeria monocytogenes. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2014.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Otto CC, Koehl JL, Solanky D, Haydel SE. Metal ions, not metal-catalyzed oxidative stress, cause clay leachate antibacterial activity. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115172. [PMID: 25502790 PMCID: PMC4263752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Aqueous leachates prepared from natural antibacterial clays, arbitrarily designated CB-L, release metal ions into suspension, have a low pH (3.4–5), generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and H2O2, and have a high oxidation-reduction potential. To isolate the role of pH in the antibacterial activity of CB clay mixtures, we exposed three different strains of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to 10% clay suspensions. The clay suspension completely killed acid-sensitive and acid-tolerant E. coli O157:H7 strains, whereas incubation in a low-pH buffer resulted in a minimal decrease in viability, demonstrating that low pH alone does not mediate antibacterial activity. The prevailing hypothesis is that metal ions participate in redox cycling and produce ROS, leading to oxidative damage to macromolecules and resulting in cellular death. However, E. coli cells showed no increase in DNA or protein oxidative lesions and a slight increase in lipid peroxidation following exposure to the antibacterial leachate. Further, supplementation with numerous ROS scavengers eliminated lipid peroxidation, but did not rescue the cells from CB-L-mediated killing. In contrast, supplementing CB-L with EDTA, a broad-spectrum metal chelator, reduced killing. Finally, CB-L was equally lethal to cells in an anoxic environment as compared to the aerobic environment. Thus, ROS were not required for lethal activity and did not contribute to toxicity of CB-L. We conclude that clay-mediated killing was not due to oxidative damage, but rather, was due to toxicity associated directly with released metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin C. Otto
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Jennifer L. Koehl
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Dipesh Solanky
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
| | - Shelley E. Haydel
- School of Life Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- The Biodesign Institute Center for Infectious Diseases and Vaccinology, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Mun SH, Kim SB, Kong R, Choi JG, Kim YC, Shin DW, Kang OH, Kwon DY. Curcumin reverse methicillin resistance in Staphylococcus aureus. Molecules 2014; 19:18283-95. [PMID: 25389660 PMCID: PMC6271166 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2014] [Revised: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa L., was shown to possess superior potency to resensitize methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) to antibiotics. Previous studies have shown the synergistic activity of curcumin with β-lactam and quinolone antibiotics. Further, to understand the anti-MRSA mechanism of curcumin, we investigated the potentiated effect of curcumin by its interaction in diverse conditions. The mechanism of anti-MRSA action of curcumin was analyzed by the viability assay in the presence of detergents, ATPase inhibitors and peptidoglycan (PGN) from S. aureus, and the PBP2a protein level was analyzed by western blotting. The morphological changes in the curcumin-treated MRSA strains were investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We analyzed increased susceptibility to MRSA isolates in the presence of curcumin. The optical densities at 600 nm (OD600) of the suspensions treated with the combinations of curcumin with triton X-100 and Tris were reduced to 63% and 59%, respectively, compared to curcumin without treatment. N,N'-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD) and sodium azide (NaN3) were reduced to 94% and 55%, respectively. When peptidoglycan (PGN) from S. aureus was combined with curcumin, PGN (0–125 μg/mL) gradually blocked the antibacterial activity of curcumin (125 μg/mL); however, at a concentration of 125 µg/mL PGN, it did not completely block curcumin. Curcumin has a significant effect on the protein level of PBP2a. The TEM images of MRSA showed damage of the cell wall, disruption of the cytoplasmic contents, broken cell membrane and cell lysis after the treatment of curcumin. These data indicate a remarkable antibacterial effect of curcumin, with membrane permeability enhancers and ATPase inhibitors, and curcumin did not directly bind to PGN on the cell wall. Further, the antimicrobial action of curcumin involved in the PBP2a-mediated resistance mechanism was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Ryong Kong
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Youn-Chul Kim
- Standardized Material Bank for New Botanical Drugs, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Bio Industry Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam 540-742, Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Institute of Biotechnology, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Korea.
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Mun SH, Joung DK, Kim SB, Park SJ, Seo YS, Gong R, Choi JG, Shin DW, Rho JR, Kang OH, Kwon DY. The mechanism of antimicrobial activity of sophoraflavanone B against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2014; 11:234-9. [PMID: 24601672 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2013.1627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sophoraflavanone B (SPF-B), a prenylated flavonoid, can be isolated from the roots of Desmodium caudatum. The aim of this study was to determine the mechanism of SPF-B's antimicrobial activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a multidrug-resistant pathogen and the main cause of hospital- and community-acquired infections. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of SPF-B was assessed using the broth microdilution method. The mechanism of action of SPF-B on S. aureus was analyzed in combination assays incorporating detergents, ATPase inhibitors, and peptidoglycan (PGN) derived from S. aureus. Furthermore, morphological changes in the SPF-B-treated MRSA strains were investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The MIC of SPF-B for MRSA was in the range of 15.6-31.25 μg/mL. The mechanism of action of SPF-B on MRSA was investigated using combination assays with detergent and ATPase inhibitors. The optical density at 600 nm of MRSA suspensions treated with a combination of detergent and SPF-B reduced the MRSA by 63%-73%. In the SPF-B and PGN combination assay, direct binding of SPF-B with PGN from S. aureus was evident. These data may be validated for the development of new antibacterial drugs for low MRSA resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- 1 BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University , Iksan, Jeonbuk, Korea
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Su LC, Xie Z, Zhang Y, Nguyen KT, Yang J. Study on the Antimicrobial Properties of Citrate-Based Biodegradable Polymers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2014; 2:23. [PMID: 25023605 PMCID: PMC4090902 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2014.00023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrate-based polymers possess unique advantages for various biomedical applications since citric acid is a natural metabolism product, which is biocompatible and antimicrobial. In polymer synthesis, citric acid also provides multiple functional groups to control the crosslinking of polymers and active binding sites for further conjugation of biomolecules. Our group recently developed a number of citrate-based polymers for various biomedical applications by taking advantage of their controllable chemical, mechanical, and biological characteristics. In this study, various citric acid derived biodegradable polymers were synthesized and investigated for their physicochemical and antimicrobial properties. Results indicate that citric acid derived polymers reduced bacterial proliferation to different degrees based on their chemical composition. Among the studied polymers, poly(octamethylene citrate) showed ~70-80% suppression to microbe proliferation, owing to its relatively higher ratio of citric acid contents. Crosslinked urethane-doped polyester elastomers and biodegradable photoluminescent polymers also exhibited significant bacteria reduction of ~20 and ~50% for Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Thus, the intrinsic antibacterial properties in citrate-based polymers enable them to inhibit bacteria growth without incorporation of antibiotics, silver nanoparticles, and other traditional bacteria-killing agents suggesting that the citrate-based polymers are unique beneficial materials for wound dressing, tissue engineering, and other potential medical applications where antimicrobial property is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee-Chun Su
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Zhiwei Xie
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Kytai Truong Nguyen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Materials Research Institute, The Huck Institutes of The Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
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Hestyani Arum R, Satiawihardja B, D. Kusumaningrum H. AKTIVITAS ANTIBAKTERI GETAH PEPAYA KERING TERHADAP Staphylococcus aureus PADA DANGKE. JURNAL TEKNOLOGI DAN INDUSTRI PANGAN 2014. [DOI: 10.6066/jtip.2014.25.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Abstract
The historical use of clay minerals for the treatment of wounds and other skin ailments is well documented and continues within numerous human cultures the world over. However, a more scientific inquiry into the chemistry and properties of clay minerals emerged in the 19th century with work investigating their role within health gathering pace since the second half of the 20th century. This review gives an overview of clay minerals and how their properties can be manipulated to facilitate the treatment of infected wounds. Evidence of the antimicrobial and healing effects of some natural clay minerals is presented alongside a range of chemical modifications including metal-ion exchange, the formation of clay–drug composites and the development of various polymer–clay systems. While the evidence for applying these materials to infected wounds is limited, we contextualize and discuss the future of this research.
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Capita R, Riesco-Peláez F, Alonso-Hernando A, Alonso-Calleja C. Exposure of Escherichia coli ATCC 12806 to sublethal concentrations of food-grade biocides influences its ability to form biofilm, resistance to antimicrobials, and ultrastructure. Appl Environ Microbiol 2014; 80:1268-80. [PMID: 24317080 PMCID: PMC3911067 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02283-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Escherichia coli ATCC 12806 was exposed to increasing subinhibitory concentrations of three biocides widely used in food industry facilities: trisodium phosphate (TSP), sodium nitrite (SNI), and sodium hypochlorite (SHY). The cultures exhibited an acquired tolerance to biocides (especially to SNI and SHY) after exposure to such compounds. E. coli produced biofilms (as observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy) on polystyrene microtiter plates. Previous adaptation to SNI or SHY enhanced the formation of biofilms (with an increase in biovolume and surface coverage) both in the absence and in the presence (MIC/2) of such compounds. TSP reduced the ability of E. coli to produce biofilms. The concentration of suspended cells in the culture broth in contact with the polystyrene surfaces did not influence the biofilm structure. The increase in cell surface hydrophobicity (assessed by a test of microbial adhesion to solvents) after contact with SNI or SHY appeared to be associated with a strong capacity to form biofilms. Cultures exposed to biocides displayed a stable reduced susceptibility to a range of antibiotics (mainly aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, and quinolones) compared with cultures that were not exposed. SNI caused the greatest increase in resistances (14 antibiotics [48.3% of the total tested]) compared with TSP (1 antibiotic [3.4%]) and SHY (3 antibiotics [10.3%]). Adaptation to SHY involved changes in cell morphology (as observed by scanning electron microscopy) and ultrastructure (as observed by transmission electron microscopy) which allowed this bacterium to persist in the presence of severe SHY challenges. The findings of the present study suggest that the use of biocides at subinhibitory concentrations could represent a public health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Capita
- Department of Food Hygiene and Food Technology, University of León, León, Spain
| | - Félix Riesco-Peláez
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Systems Engineering and Automatic Control, University of León, León, Spain
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Mun SH, Kang OH, Joung DK, Kim SB, Choi JG, Shin DW, Kwon DY. In vitro anti-MRSA activity of carvone with gentamicin. Exp Ther Med 2014; 7:891-896. [PMID: 24669246 PMCID: PMC3961117 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carvone is one of the naturally occurring monoterpenes, the largest class of secondary metabolites in plants, and exists in two enantiomers, R-carvone (R-car) and S-car. The objective of this study was to investigate the antimicrobial activity of R-car and S-car with gentamicin (GET) against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA is a major human pathogen that causes serious problems, including hospital-acquired pneumonia, abscesses and surgical wound infections. Nosocomial MRSA infections often exhibit multidrug resistance. In the present study, antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed with R-car, S-car and GET using the broth microdilution method. Minimal inhibitory concentration values for R- and S-car against six different strains of S. aureus ranged between 500 and 1,000 μg/ml. Anti-MRSA activity was evaluated using the checkerboard and time-kill assays to investigate the potential synergistic effects of different combinations of the carvone enantiomers and GET. R-car plus S-car, R-car plus GET and S-car plus GET exhibited significant synergistic activity against MRSA. These findings suggest that the single-agent anti-MRSA activities of R-car, S-car and GET are effectively increased through combination therapy. This study showed that carvone may be a potential adjuvant antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hyun Mun
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Ki Joung
- BK21 Plus Program & Department of Smart Life-Care Convergence, Gradulate School, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- BK21 Plus Team, Professional Graduate School of Oriental Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Department of Oriental Medicine Resources, College of Bio Industry Science, Sunchon National University, Sunchon, Jeonnam 540-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- Department of Oriental Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Wonkwang Oriental Medicines Research Institute, Wonkwang University, Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
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Rai J, Randhawa GK, Kaur M. Recent advances in antibacterial drugs. Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2013; 3:3-10. [PMID: 23776832 PMCID: PMC3678679 DOI: 10.4103/2229-516x.112229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The incidence of antimicrobial resistance is on continued rise with a threat to return to the “pre-antibiotic” era. This has led to emergence of such bacterial infections which are essentially untreatable by the current armamentarium of available treatment options. Various efforts have been made to develop the newer antimicrobials with novel modes of action which can act against these multi-drug resistant strains. This review aims to focus on these newly available and investigational antibacterials approved after year 2000, their mechanism of actions/resistance, and spectrum of activity and their phases of clinical trials. Newer unexploited targets and strategies for the next generation of antimicrobial drugs for combating the drug resistance and emerging pathogens in the 21st century have also been reviewed in the present article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaswant Rai
- Department of Pharmacology, Govt. Medical College, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Adaptation of the neutral bacterial comet assay to assess antimicrobial-mediated DNA double-strand breaks in Escherichia coli. J Microbiol Methods 2012; 91:257-61. [PMID: 22940101 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2012.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2012] [Revised: 08/17/2012] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the mechanism of action of a natural antibacterial clay mineral mixture, designated as CB, by investigating the induction of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in Escherichia coli. To quantify DNA damage upon exposure to soluble antimicrobial compounds, we modified a bacterial neutral comet assay, which associates the general length of an electrophoresed chromosome, or comet, with the degree of DSB-associated DNA damage. To appropriately account for antimicrobial-mediated strand fragmentation, suitable control reactions consisting of exposures to water, ethanol, kanamycin, and bleomycin were developed and optimized for the assay. Bacterial exposure to the CB clay resulted in significantly longer comet lengths, compared to water and kanamycin exposures, suggesting that the induction of DNA DSBs contributes to the killing activity of this antibacterial clay mineral mixture. The comet assay protocol described herein provides a general technique for evaluating soluble antimicrobial-derived DNA damage and for comparing DNA fragmentation between experimental and control assays.
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W Obiang-Obounou B, Kang OH, Choi JG, Keum JH, Kim SB, Mun SH, Shin DW, Woo Kim K, Park CB, Kim YG, Han SH, Kwon DY. The mechanism of action of sanguinarine against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. J Toxicol Sci 2011; 36:277-83. [DOI: 10.2131/jts.36.277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brice W Obiang-Obounou
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
| | - Ok-Hwa Kang
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
- Kunsan National university, Department of Oceangraphy
| | - Jang-Gi Choi
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
| | - Joon-Ho Keum
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
| | - Sung-Bae Kim
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
| | - Su-Hyun Mun
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
| | - Dong-Won Shin
- Sunchon National University, Department of Oriental Medicine Resources
| | - Ki Woo Kim
- Kyungpook National University, School of Ecological and Environmental System
| | - Chung-Berm Park
- National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Department of Herbal Crop Research
| | - Young-Guk Kim
- National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Department of Herbal Crop Research
| | - Sin-Hee Han
- National Institute of Horticultural & Herbal Science, RDA, Department of Herbal Crop Research
| | - Dong-Yeul Kwon
- Wonkwang University, College of Pharmacy and Wonkwang-Oriental Medicines Research Institute
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