1
|
Liu L, Xu J, Huang X, Wang Y, Ma X, Wang X, Liu Y, Ren X, Li J, Wang Y, Zhou S, Yuan L. DHA dietary intervention caused different hippocampal lipid and protein profile in ApoE-/- and C57BL/6J mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117088. [PMID: 38971007 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in protein and lipid levels may occur in the Alzheimer's disease brain, and DHA can have beneficial effects on it. To investigate the impact of DHA dietary intervention on brain protein and lipid profile in ApoE-/- mice and C57 mice. METHOD Three-month-old ApoE-/- mice and C57 mice were randomly divided into two groups respectively, and fed with control diet and DHA-fortified diet for five months. Cortical TC, HDL-C and LDL-C levels and cholesterol metabolism-related protein expression were measured by ELISA or immunohistochemistry methods. Hippocampus were collected for proteomic and lipidomics analysis by LC-MS/MS and differential proteins and lipid metabolites were screened and further analyzed by GO functional annotation and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis. RESULTS DHA intervention decreased cortical TC level in both C57 and ApoE-/- mice (P < 0.05), but caused different change of cortical HDL-C, LDL-C level and LDL-C/HDL-C ratio in C57 and ApoE-/- mice (P < 0.05). Discrepant cortical and hippocampal LDLR, ABCG1, Lox1 and SORT1 protein expression was found between C57 and ApoE-/- mice (P < 0.05), and DHA treatment caused different changes of these proteins in C57 and ApoE-/- mice (P < 0.05). Differential hippocampal proteins and lipids profile were found in C57 and ApoE-/- mice before and after DHA treatment, which were mainly involved in vesicular transport and phospholipid metabolic pathways. CONCLUSION ApoE genetic defect caused abnormal cholesterol metabolism, and affected protein and lipid profile, as well as discrepant response of hippocampal protein and lipids profile in the brain of mice given DHA fortified diet intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Jingjing Xu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Xiaochen Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Suzhou Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Xixiang Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Xiuwen Ren
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Yueyong Wang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases
| | - Shaobo Zhou
- School of Science, Faculty of Engineering and Science, University of Greenwich, Central Avenue, Chatham ME4 4TB, UK.
| | - Linhong Yuan
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China; China-British Joint Laboratory of Nutrition Prevention and Control of Chronic Diseases.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kieronska-Rudek A, Kij A, Bar A, Kurpinska A, Mohaissen T, Grosicki M, Stojak M, Sternak M, Buczek E, Proniewski B, Kuś K, Suraj-Prazmowska J, Panek A, Pietrowska M, Zapotoczny S, Shanahan CM, Szabo C, Chlopicki S. Phylloquinone improves endothelial function, inhibits cellular senescence, and vascular inflammation. GeroScience 2024:10.1007/s11357-024-01225-w. [PMID: 38980631 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-024-01225-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Phylloquinon (PK) and menaquinones (MK) are both naturally occurring compounds belonging to vitamin K group. Present study aimed to comprehensively analyze the influence of PK in several models of vascular dysfunction to determine whether PK has vasoprotective properties, similar to those previously described for MK. Effects of PK and MK on endothelial dysfunction were studied in ApoE/LDLR-/- mice in vivo, in the isolated aorta incubated with TNF, and in vascular cells as regard inflammation and cell senescence (including replicative and stress-induced models of senescence). Moreover, the vascular conversion of exogenous vitamins to endogenous MK-4 was analyzed. PK, as well as MK, given for 8 weeks in diet (10 mg/kg) resulted in comparable improvement in endothelial function in the ApoE/LDLR-/- mice. Similarly, PK and MK prevented TNF-induced impairment of endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in the isolated aorta. In in vitro studies in endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells, we identified that both PK and MK displayed anti-senescence effects via decreasing DNA damage while in endothelial cells anti-inflammatory activity was ascribed to the modulation of NFκB activation. The activity of PK and MK was comparable in terms of their effect on senescence and inflammation. Presence of endogenous synthesis of MK-4 from PK in aorta and endothelial and smooth muscle cells suggests a possible involvement of MK in vascular effects of PK. In conclusion, PK and MK display comparable vasoprotective effects, which may be ascribed, at least in part, to the inhibition of cell senescence and inflammation. The vasoprotective effect of PK in the vessel wall can be related to the direct effects of PK, as well as to the action of MK formed from PK in the vascular wall.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kieronska-Rudek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Agnieszka Kij
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Bar
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Kurpinska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Tasnim Mohaissen
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marek Grosicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Stojak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sternak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Buczek
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Kamil Kuś
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Suraj-Prazmowska
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Panek
- Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Pietrowska
- Centre for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Szczepan Zapotoczny
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Catherine M Shanahan
- School of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Sciences, James Black Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Csaba Szabo
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Science and Medicine, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.
- Chair of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vuong TNAM, Bartolf‐Kopp M, Andelovic K, Jungst T, Farbehi N, Wise SG, Hayward C, Stevens MC, Rnjak‐Kovacina J. Integrating Computational and Biological Hemodynamic Approaches to Improve Modeling of Atherosclerotic Arteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2307627. [PMID: 38704690 PMCID: PMC11234431 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202307627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the primary cause of cardiovascular disease, resulting in mortality, elevated healthcare costs, diminished productivity, and reduced quality of life for individuals and their communities. This is exacerbated by the limited understanding of its underlying causes and limitations in current therapeutic interventions, highlighting the need for sophisticated models of atherosclerosis. This review critically evaluates the computational and biological models of atherosclerosis, focusing on the study of hemodynamics in atherosclerotic coronary arteries. Computational models account for the geometrical complexities and hemodynamics of the blood vessels and stenoses, but they fail to capture the complex biological processes involved in atherosclerosis. Different in vitro and in vivo biological models can capture aspects of the biological complexity of healthy and stenosed vessels, but rarely mimic the human anatomy and physiological hemodynamics, and require significantly more time, cost, and resources. Therefore, emerging strategies are examined that integrate computational and biological models, and the potential of advances in imaging, biofabrication, and machine learning is explored in developing more effective models of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Bartolf‐Kopp
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and DentistryInstitute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB)KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)University of WürzburgPleicherwall 297070WürzburgGermany
| | - Kristina Andelovic
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and DentistryInstitute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB)KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)University of WürzburgPleicherwall 297070WürzburgGermany
| | - Tomasz Jungst
- Department of Functional Materials in Medicine and DentistryInstitute of Functional Materials and Biofabrication (IFB)KeyLab Polymers for Medicine of the Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI)University of WürzburgPleicherwall 297070WürzburgGermany
- Department of Orthopedics, Regenerative Medicine Center UtrechtUniversity Medical Center UtrechtUtrecht3584Netherlands
| | - Nona Farbehi
- Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Garvan Weizmann Center for Cellular GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchSydneyNSW2010Australia
| | - Steven G. Wise
- School of Medical SciencesUniversity of SydneySydneyNSW2006Australia
| | - Christopher Hayward
- St Vincent's HospitalSydneyVictor Chang Cardiac Research InstituteSydney2010Australia
| | | | - Jelena Rnjak‐Kovacina
- Graduate School of Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydney2052Australia
- Tyree Institute of Health EngineeringUniversity of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)University of New South WalesSydneyNSW2052Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kotsovilis S, Salagianni M, Varela A, Davos CH, Galani IE, Andreakos E. Comprehensive Analysis of 1-Year-Old Female Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Reveals Advanced Atherosclerosis with Vulnerable Plaque Characteristics. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1355. [PMID: 38279355 PMCID: PMC10816800 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Apolipoprotein E-knockout (Apoe-/-) mice constitute the most widely employed animal model of atherosclerosis. Deletion of Apoe induces profound hypercholesterolemia and promotes the development of atherosclerosis. However, despite its widespread use, the Apoe-/- mouse model remains incompletely characterized, especially at late time points and advanced disease stages. Thus, it is unclear how late atherosclerotic plaques compare to earlier ones in terms of lipid deposition, calcification, macrophage accumulation, smooth muscle cell presence, or plaque necrosis. Additionally, it is unknown how cardiac function and hemodynamic parameters are affected at late disease stages. Here, we used a comprehensive analysis based on histology, fluorescence microscopy, and Doppler ultrasonography to show that in normal chow diet-fed Apoe-/- mice, atherosclerotic lesions at the level of the aortic valve evolve from a more cellular macrophage-rich phenotype at 26 weeks to an acellular, lipid-rich, and more necrotic phenotype at 52 weeks of age, also marked by enhanced lipid deposition and calcification. Coronary artery atherosclerotic lesions are sparse at 26 weeks but ubiquitous and extensive at 52 weeks; yet, left ventricular function was not significantly affected. These findings demonstrate that atherosclerosis in Apoe-/- mice is a highly dynamic process, with atherosclerotic plaques evolving over time. At late disease stages, histopathological characteristics of increased plaque vulnerability predominate in combination with frequent and extensive coronary artery lesions, which nevertheless may not necessarily result in impaired cardiac function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Kotsovilis
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (M.S.); (I.E.G.)
| | - Maria Salagianni
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (M.S.); (I.E.G.)
| | - Aimilia Varela
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (C.H.D.)
| | - Constantinos H. Davos
- Cardiovascular Research Laboratory, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (A.V.); (C.H.D.)
| | - Ioanna E. Galani
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (M.S.); (I.E.G.)
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Center for Clinical Research, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research, Biomedical Research Foundation, Academy of Athens, GR 11527 Athens, Greece; (S.K.); (M.S.); (I.E.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ribeiro IM, de Souza Barroso ME, Kampke EH, Braga LTF, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SDS. Infrared laser therapy decreases systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in hypercholesterolemic mice with periodontitis. Lipids Health Dis 2023; 22:171. [PMID: 37817126 PMCID: PMC10566050 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-023-01934-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Near-infrared irradiation photobiomodulation (NIR-PBM) has been successfully used in periodontal treatment as an adjuvant tool to locally improve cell function and regeneration. Although the relationship between periodontitis and systemic disease constitutes an important aspect of periodontal clinical research, the systemic effects of NIR-PBM in periodontitis are not well known. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effects of NIR-PBM on systemic oxidative stress and inflammation in an apolipoprotein E (ApoE) knockout mouse model of periodontal disease (PD). METHODS We evaluated alveolar bone loss by measuring the distance from the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the alveolar bone crest (ABC), reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in blood cells, inflammatory activity, plasma cholesterol levels, and lipid peroxidation levels in three experimental groups: (1) ApoEC, control group without intervention; (2) ApoEP, first molar ligation-induced periodontitis for 4 weeks; and (3) ApoEP + PBM, exposed to 808 nm continuous wave, ø ~ 3 mm2, 100 mW, 60 s of NIR-PBM for 7 consecutive days after 4 weeks of periodontitis. At the end of the experimental protocols, ApoEP mice presented significantly increased alveolar bone loss, ROS production, inflammatory activity, plasma cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation levels compared to the ApoEC group (P < 0.05). NIR-PBM for 7 days in the ApoEP + PBM mice significantly decreased systemic ROS production, inflammatory response, plasma cholesterol, and lipid peroxidation levels, similar to those found in the ApoEC group (P > 0.05). However, it was not capable of preventing alveolar bone loss (P > 0.05 compared to ApoEP mice). CONCLUSION A 7-day treatment with NIR-PBM effectively reduces systemic oxidative stress and inflammatory parameters in hypercholesterolemic mice with PD. However, more studies with longer evaluation times are needed to confirm the systemic effects of locally applied NIR-PBM on PD associated with hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isadora Martins Ribeiro
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | - Maria Eduarda de Souza Barroso
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | - Edgar Hell Kampke
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Bianca Prandi Campagnaro
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, 29102-920, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana Dos Santos Meyrelles
- Graduate Program in Dental Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, 29.043-900, ES, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fumadó Navarro J, Lomora M. Mechanoresponsive Drug Delivery Systems for Vascular Diseases. Macromol Biosci 2023; 23:e2200466. [PMID: 36670512 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive drug delivery systems (DDS) have emerged as promising candidates to improve the current effectiveness and lower the side effects typically associated with direct drug administration in the context of vascular diseases. Despite tremendous research efforts to date, designing drug delivery systems able to respond to mechanical stimuli to potentially treat these diseases is still in its infancy. By understanding relevant biological forces emerging in healthy and pathological vascular endothelium, it is believed that better-informed design strategies can be deduced for the fabrication of simple-to-complex macromolecular assemblies capable of sensing mechanical forces. These responsive systems are discussed through insights into essential parameter design (composition, size, shape, and aggregation state) , as well as their functionalization with (macro)molecules that are intrinsically mechanoresponsive (e.g., mechanosensitive ion channels and mechanophores). Mechanical forces, including the pathological shear stress and exogenous stimuli (e.g., ultrasound, magnetic fields), used for the activation of mechanoresponsive DDS are also introduced, followed by in vitro and in vivo experimental models used to investigate and validate such novel therapies. Overall, this review aims to propose a fresh perspective through identified challenges and proposed solutions that could be of benefit for the further development of this exciting field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josep Fumadó Navarro
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| | - Mihai Lomora
- School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, University of Galway, University Road, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland
- CÚRAM, SFI Research Centre for Medical Devices, University of Galway, Upper Newcastle, Galway, H91 W2TY, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Son H, Choi HS, Baek SE, Kim YH, Hur J, Han JH, Moon JH, Lee GS, Park SG, Woo CH, Eo SK, Yoon S, Kim BS, Lee D, Kim K. Shear stress induces monocyte/macrophage-mediated inflammation by upregulating cell-surface expression of heat shock proteins. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114566. [PMID: 36963359 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The loss of endothelial cells is associated with the accumulation of monocytes/macrophages underneath the surface of the arteries, where cells are prone to mechanical stimulation, such as shear stress. However, the impact of mechanical stimuli on monocytic cells remains unclear. To assess whether mechanical stress affects monocytic cell function, we examined the expression of inflammatory molecules and surface proteins, whose levels changed following shear stress in human THP-1 cells. Shear stress increased the inflammatory chemokine CCL2, which enhanced the migration of monocytic cells and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)- 1β at transcriptional and protein levels. We identified that the surface levels of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), HSP90, and HSP105 increased using mass spectrometry-based proteomics, which was confirmed by western blot analysis, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescence. Treatment with HSP70/HSP105 and HSP90 inhibitors suppressed the expression and secretion of CCL2 and monocytic cell migration, suggesting an association between HSPs and inflammatory responses. We also demonstrated the coexistence and colocalization of increased HSP90 immunoreactivity and CD68 positive cells in atherosclerotic plaques of ApoE deficient mice fed a high-fat diet and human femoral artery endarterectomy specimens. These results suggest that monocytes/macrophages affected by shear stress polarize to a pro-inflammatory phenotype and increase surface protein levels involved in inflammatory responses. The regulation of the abovementioned HSPs upregulated on the monocytes/macrophages surface may serve as a novel therapeutic target for inflammation due to shear stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyojae Son
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Seon Choi
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Eun Baek
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Hak Kim
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioinformatics, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hur
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hwa Han
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hee Moon
- Core Research Facility & Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Seul Lee
- Core Research Facility & Analysis Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Goo Park
- Disease Target Structure Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chang-Hoon Woo
- Department of Pharmacology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 49415, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kug Eo
- College of Veterinary Medicine and Bio-Safety Research Institute, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sik Yoon
- Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Soo Kim
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongjun Lee
- Department of Convergence Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea; Transplantation Research Center, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| | - Koanhoi Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ashida S, Yamawaki-Ogata A, Tokoro M, Mutsuga M, Usui A, Narita Y. Administration of anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages suppresses progression of angiotensin II-induced aortic aneurysm in mice. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1380. [PMID: 36697439 PMCID: PMC9877022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27412-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Aortic aneurysm (AA) is a vascular disorder characterized pathologically by inflammatory cell invasion and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. It is known that regulation of the balance between pro-inflammatory M1 macrophages (M1Ms) and anti-inflammatory M2 macrophages (M2Ms) plays a pivotal role in AA stabilization. We investigated the effects of M2M administration in an apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE-/-) mouse model in which AA was induced by angiotensin II (ATII) infusion. Mice received intraperitoneal administration of 1 million M2Ms 4 weeks after ATII infusion. Compared with a control group that was administered saline, the M2M group exhibited reduced AA expansion; decreased expression levels of interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1); and a lower M1M/M2M ratio. Moreover, the M2M group exhibited upregulation of anti-inflammatory factors, including IL-4 and IL-10. PKH26-labeled M2Ms accounted for 6.5% of cells in the aneurysmal site and co-expressed CD206. Taken together, intraperitoneal administration of M2Ms inhibited AA expansion by reducing the inflammatory reaction via regulating the M1M/M2M ratio. This study shows that M2M administration might be useful for the treatment of AA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Ashida
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Aika Yamawaki-Ogata
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tokoro
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masato Mutsuga
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Akihiko Usui
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuji Narita
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Hassan NA, Abdelfattah MAO, Mandour YM, El-Shazly AM, Sobeh M, Mahmoud MF. Vasorelaxant Effects of Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. and L.M.Perry Extract Are Mediated by NO/cGMP Pathway in Isolated Rat Thoracic Aorta. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1349. [PMID: 36355521 PMCID: PMC9692616 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Syzygium samarangense (Blume) Merr. and L.M.Perry is utilized widely in traditional medicine. We have reported previously a wide array of pharmacological properties of its leaf extract, among them anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, hepatoprotective, antidiabetic, antiulcer, and antitrypanosomal activities. We also annotated its chemical composition using LC-MS/MS. Here, we continue our investigations and evaluate the vasorelaxant effects of the leaf extract on aortic rings isolated from rats and explore the possible underlying mechanisms. S. samarangense extract induced a concentration dependent relaxation of the phenylephrine-precontracted aorta in the rat model. However, this effect disappeared upon removing the functional endothelium. Pretreating the aortic tissues either with propranolol or NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester inhibited the relaxation induced by the extract; however, atropine did not affect the extract-induced vasodilation. Meanwhile, adenylate cyclase inhibitor, MDL; specific guanylate cyclase inhibitor, ODQ; high extracellular KCl; and indomethacin as cyclooxygenase inhibitor inhibited the extract-induced vasodilation. On the other hand, incubation of S. samarangense extract with aortae sections having their intact endothelium pre-constricted using phenylephrine or KCl in media free of Ca2+ showed no effect on the constriction of the aortae vessels induced by Ca2+. Taken together, the present study suggests that S. samarangense extract dilates isolated aortic rings via endothelium-dependent nitric oxide (NO)/cGMP signaling. The observed biological effects could be attributed to its rich secondary metabolites. The specific mechanisms of the active ingredients of S. samarangense extract await further investigations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noura A. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Yasmine M. Mandour
- School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo 11578, Egypt
| | - Assem M. El-Shazly
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
- Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Egypt
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Lot 660-Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben-Guerir 43150, Morocco
| | - Mona F. Mahmoud
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Yang HY, Hu LY, Chen HJ, Chen RY, Hu CK, Shen CC. Increased Risk of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Patients with Hyperlipidemia: A Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12331. [PMID: 36231632 PMCID: PMC9565143 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The coexistence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cardiovascular disease is common and causes poor prognoses. Hyperlipidemia is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease, but the association between hyperlipidemia and COPD remains ambiguous. This study aimed to investigate the risk of COPD development in patients with hyperlipidemia. This retrospective cohort study used information from the National Health Insurance Research Database in Taiwan. We enrolled 21,790 patients with hyperlipidemia and 87,160 control patients without hyperlipidemia for comparison, with a follow-up period of over 10 years. The incidence of new-onset COPD was higher in patients with hyperlipidemia (36.14 per 1000 person-years) than in the controls (22.29 per 1000 person-years). Patients with hyperlipidemia were 1.48 times more likely to develop subsequent COPD than the controls without hyperlipidemia (95% confidence interval 1.44 to 1.53, p < 0.001) following adjustments for age, sex, and comorbidities. In addition, nephropathy, hypertension, congestive heart failure, age, and sex (female) were potential risk factors for developing COPD in patients with hyperlipidemia. Patients with hyperlipidemia may have an increased risk of developing COPD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yu Yang
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Li-Yu Hu
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Hon-Jhe Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Ru-Yih Chen
- Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813414, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Kuo Hu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Che Shen
- School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
- Department of Psychiatry, Chiayi Branch, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Sancho M, Fletcher J, Welsh DG. Inward Rectifier Potassium Channels: Membrane Lipid-Dependent Mechanosensitive Gates in Brain Vascular Cells. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:869481. [PMID: 35419431 PMCID: PMC8995785 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.869481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebral arteries contain two primary and interacting cell types, smooth muscle (SMCs) and endothelial cells (ECs), which are each capable of sensing particular hemodynamic forces to set basal tone and brain perfusion. These biomechanical stimuli help confer tone within arterial networks upon which local neurovascular stimuli function. Tone development is intimately tied to arterial membrane potential (VM) and changes in intracellular [Ca2+] driven by voltage-gated Ca2+ channels (VGCCs). Arterial VM is in turn set by the dynamic interplay among ion channel species, the strongly inward rectifying K+ (Kir) channel being of special interest. Kir2 channels possess a unique biophysical signature in that they strongly rectify, display negative slope conductance, respond to elevated extracellular K+ and are blocked by micromolar Ba2+. While functional Kir2 channels are expressed in both smooth muscle and endothelium, they lack classic regulatory control, thus are often viewed as a simple background conductance. Recent literature has provided new insight, with two membrane lipids, phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) and cholesterol, noted to (1) stabilize Kir2 channels in a preferred open or closed state, respectively, and (2) confer, in association with the cytoskeleton, caveolin-1 (Cav1) and syntrophin, hemodynamic sensitivity. It is these aspects of vascular Kir2 channels that will be the primary focus of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sancho
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, United States
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
- *Correspondence: Maria Sancho,
| | - Jacob Fletcher
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Donald G. Welsh
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Robarts Research Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
- Donald G. Welsh,
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Valanti EK, Dalakoura-Karagkouni K, Fotakis P, Vafiadaki E, Mantzoros CS, Chroni A, Zannis V, Kardassis D, Sanoudou D. Reconstituted HDL-apoE3 promotes endothelial cell migration through ID1 and its downstream kinases ERK1/2, AKT and p38 MAPK. Metabolism 2022; 127:154954. [PMID: 34875308 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2021.154954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Atherosclerotic Coronary Artery Disease (ASCAD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Novel therapeutic approaches aiming to improve the atheroprotective functions of High Density Lipoprotein (HDL) include the use of reconstituted HDL forms containing human apolipoprotein A-I (rHDL-apoA-I). Given the strong atheroprotective properties of apolipoprotein E3 (apoE3), rHDL-apoE3 may represent an attractive yet largely unexplored therapeutic agent. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the atheroprotective potential of rHDL-apoE3 starting with the unbiased assessment of global transcriptome effects and focusing on endothelial cell (EC) migration as a critical process in re-endothelialization and atherosclerosis prevention. The cellular, molecular and functional effects of rHDL-apoE3 on EC migration-associated pathways were assessed, as well as the potential translatability of these findings in vivo. METHODS Human Aortic ECs (HAEC) were treated with rHDL-apoE3 and total RNA was analyzed by whole genome microarrays. Expression and phosphorylation changes of key EC migration-associated molecules were validated by qRT-PCR and Western blot analysis in primary HAEC, Human Coronary Artery ECs (HCAEC) and the human EA.hy926 EC line. The capacity of rHDL-apoE3 to stimulate EC migration was assessed by wound healing and transwell migration assays. The contribution of MEK1/2, PI3K and the transcription factor ID1 in rHDL-apoE3-induced EC migration and activation of EC migration-related effectors was assessed using specific inhibitors (PD98059: MEK1/2, LY294002: PI3K) and siRNA-mediated gene silencing, respectively. The capacity of rHDL-apoE3 to improve vascular permeability and hypercholesterolemia in vivo was tested in a mouse model of hypercholesterolemia (apoE KO mice) using Evans Blue assays and lipid/lipoprotein analysis in the serum, respectively. RESULTS rHDL-apoE3 induced significant expression changes in 198 genes of HAEC mainly involved in re-endothelialization and atherosclerosis-associated functions. The most pronounced effect was observed for EC migration, with 42/198 genes being involved in the following EC migration-related pathways: 1) MEK/ERK, 2) PI3K/AKT/eNOS-MMP2/9, 3) RHO-GTPases, 4) integrin. rHDL-apoE3 induced changes in 24 representative transcripts of these pathways in HAEC, increasing the expression of their key proteins PIK3CG, EFNB2, ID1 and FLT1 in HCAEC and EA.hy926 cells. In addition, rHDL-apoE3 stimulated migration of HCAEC and EA.hy926 cells, and the migration was markedly attenuated in the presence of PD98059 or LY294002. rHDL-apoE3 also increased the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT, eNOS and p38 MAPK in these cells, while PD98059 and LY294002 inhibited rHDL-apoE3-induced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, AKT and p38 MAPK, respectively. LY had no effect on rHDL-apoE3-mediated eNOS phosphorylation. ID1 siRNA markedly decreased EA.hy926 cell migration by inhibiting rHDL-apoE3-triggered ERK1/2 and AKT phosphorylation. Finally, administration of a single dose of rHDL-apoE3 in apoE KO mice markedly improved vascular permeability as demonstrated by the reduced concentration of Evans Blue dye in tissues such as the stomach, the tongue and the urinary bladder and ameliorated hypercholesterolemia. CONCLUSIONS rHDL-apoE3 significantly enhanced EC migration in vitro, predominantly via overexpression of ID1 and subsequent activation of MEK1/2 and PI3K, and their downstream targets ERK1/2, AKT and p38 MAPK, respectively, and improved vascular permeability in vivo. These novel insights into the rHDL-apoE3 functions suggest a potential clinical use to promote re-endothelialization and retard development of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eftaxia-Konstantina Valanti
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 'Attikon' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Katerina Dalakoura-Karagkouni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece; Division of Gene Regulation and Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | | | - Elizabeth Vafiadaki
- Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Angeliki Chroni
- Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Center for Scientific Research "Demokritos", Athens, Greece
| | - Vassilis Zannis
- Molecular Genetics, Boston University Medical School, Boston, USA
| | - Dimitris Kardassis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Crete Medical School, Heraklion, Greece; Division of Gene Regulation and Genomics, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology of Hellas, Heraklion, Greece
| | - Despina Sanoudou
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Genomics and Pharmacogenomics Unit, 'Attikon' Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Molecular Biology Division, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece; Center for New Biotechnologies and Precision Medicine, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Ajeigbe OF, Oboh G, Ademosun AO, Umar HI. Fig (Ficus exasperata and Ficus asperifolia)-Supplemented diet improves sexual function, endothelial nitric oxide synthase and suppresses tumour necrosis factor-alpha genes in hypertensive rats. Andrologia 2021; 54:e14289. [PMID: 34693556 DOI: 10.1111/and.14289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
We measured the effect of varieties of Fig leaves, Ficus exasperata Vahl. (FE) and Ficus asperifolia Miq (FA), commonly found in Sub-sahara Africa for managing hypertension on sexual performance in hypertensive rats, which is unknown. Hypertensive rats experienced erectogenic damage after exposure to 40 mg kg-1 bw-1 , N(G)-nitro-l-arginine-methyl-ester (L-NAME). Experimental rats were grouped into eight groups (n = 6) namely: control rats, hypertensive rats, hypertensive treatment groups with atenolol (10 mg kg-1 day-1 ) and sildenafil (5.0 mg/kg), rats treated with FE- and FA-formulated biscuits at proportions of 2.5 g and 5.0 g respectively. Furthermore, we measured the level of sexual performance (Intromission number, latency, Mounting number, and latency), hormonal levels, phosphodiesterase-5 enzyme (PDE-5) activity and genes expressed using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) in hypertensive rats. The result deduced revealed that treated hypertensive rats showed significantly reduced follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone levels, PDE-5 enzyme activity, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) expression while having a marked increase in testosterone level, sexual performance and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression. Therefore, this study revealed the comparative dietary enhancing effect of FE- and FA-formulated biscuit on sexual behaviour activity, hormonal levels and the level of eNOS and TNF-α genes expressed in hypertensive rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olufunke Florence Ajeigbe
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria.,Department of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Biochemistry Programme, Elizade University, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ganiyu Oboh
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Ayokunle Olubode Ademosun
- Functional Foods and Nutraceutical Unit, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology Akure, Akure, Nigeria
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Fancher IS. Cardiovascular mechanosensitive ion channels-Translating physical forces into physiological responses. CURRENT TOPICS IN MEMBRANES 2021; 87:47-95. [PMID: 34696889 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ctm.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cells and tissues are constantly exposed to mechanical stress. In order to respond to alterations in mechanical stimuli, specific cellular machinery must be in place to rapidly convert physical force into chemical signaling to achieve the desired physiological responses. Mechanosensitive ion channels respond to such physical stimuli in the order of microseconds and are therefore essential components to mechanotransduction. Our understanding of how these ion channels contribute to cellular and physiological responses to mechanical force has vastly expanded in the last few decades due to engineering ingenuities accompanying patch clamp electrophysiology, as well as sophisticated molecular and genetic approaches. Such investigations have unveiled major implications for mechanosensitive ion channels in cardiovascular health and disease. Therefore, in this chapter I focus on our present understanding of how biophysical activation of various mechanosensitive ion channels promotes distinct cell signaling events with tissue-specific physiological responses in the cardiovascular system. Specifically, I discuss the roles of mechanosensitive ion channels in mediating (i) endothelial and smooth muscle cell control of vascular tone, (ii) mechano-electric feedback and cell signaling pathways in cardiomyocytes and cardiac fibroblasts, and (iii) the baroreflex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibra S Fancher
- Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, College of Health Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhou Y, Wan X, Seidel K, Zhang M, Goodman JB, Seta F, Hamburg N, Han J. Aging and Hypercholesterolemia Differentially Affect the Unfolded Protein Response in the Vasculature of ApoE-/- Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e020441. [PMID: 34533042 PMCID: PMC8649520 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.020441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background Persistent activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) induces vascular cell apoptosis, contributing to atherogenesis. Aging and hypercholesterolemia are 2 independent proatherogenic factors. How they affect vascular UPR signaling remains unclear. Methods and Results Transcriptome analysis of aortic tissues from high fat diet-fed and aged ApoE-/- mice revealed 50 overlapping genes enriched for endoplasmic reticulum stress- and UPR-related pathways. Aortae from control, Western diet (WD)-fed, and aged ApoE-/- mice were assayed for (1) 3 branches of UPR signaling (pancreatic ER eIF2-alpha kinase /alpha subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1/activating transcription factor 4, inositol-requiring enzyme 1 alpha/XBP1s, activating transcription factor 6); (2) UPR-mediated protective adaptation (upregulation of immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein and protein disulfide isomerase); and (3) UPR-mediated apoptosis (induction of C/EBP homologous transcription factor, p-JNK, and cleaved caspase-3). Aortic UPR signaling was differentially regulated in the aged and WD-fed groups. Consumption of WD activated all 3 UPR branches; in the aged aorta, only the ATF6α arm was activated, but it was 10 times higher than that in the WD group. BiP and protein disulfide isomerase protein levels were significantly decreased only in the aged aorta despite a 5-fold increase in their mRNA levels. Importantly, the aortae of aged mice exhibited a substantially enhanced proapoptotic UPR compared with that of WD-fed mice. In lung tissues, UPR activation and the resultant adaptive/apoptotic responses were not significantly different between the 2 groups. Conclusions Using a mouse model of atherosclerosis, this study provides the first in vivo evidence that aging and an atherogenic diet activate differential aortic UPR pathways, leading to distinct vascular responses. Compared with dietary intervention, aging is associated with impaired endoplasmic reticulum protein folding and increased aortic apoptosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhou
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Xueping Wan
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Kerstin Seidel
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Mo Zhang
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Jena B. Goodman
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Francesca Seta
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Naomi Hamburg
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| | - Jingyan Han
- Vascular Biology SectionEvans Department of MedicineWhitaker Cardiovascular InstituteBoston University School of MedicineBostonMA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Akbar N, Forteath C, Hussain MS, Reyskens K, Belch JJF, Lang CC, Mordi IR, Bhalraam U, Arthur JSC, Khan F. Mitogen and Stress-Activated Kinases 1 and 2 Mediate Endothelial Dysfunction. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168655. [PMID: 34445361 PMCID: PMC8395442 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation promotes endothelial dysfunction, but the underlying mechanisms remain poorly defined in vivo. Using translational vascular function testing in myocardial infarction patients, a situation where inflammation is prevalent, and knock-out (KO) mouse models we demonstrate a role for mitogen-activated-protein-kinases (MAPKs) in endothelial dysfunction. Myocardial infarction significantly lowers mitogen and stress kinase 1/2 (MSK1/2) expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and diminished endothelial function. To further understand the role of MSK1/2 in vascular function we developed in vivo animal models to assess vascular responses to vasoactive drugs using laser Doppler imaging. Genetic deficiency of MSK1/2 in mice increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoted endothelial dysfunction, through attenuated production of nitric oxide (NO), which were further exacerbated by cholesterol feeding. MSK1/2 are activated by toll-like receptors through MyD88. MyD88 KO mice showed preserved endothelial function and reduced plasma cytokine expression, despite significant hypercholesterolemia. MSK1/2 kinases interact with MAPK-activated proteins 2/3 (MAPKAP2/3), which limit cytokine synthesis. Cholesterol-fed MAPKAP2/3 KO mice showed reduced plasma cytokine expression and preservation of endothelial function. MSK1/2 plays a significant role in the development of endothelial dysfunction and may provide a novel target for intervention to reduce vascular inflammation. Activation of MSK1/2 could reduce pro-inflammatory responses and preserve endothelial vasodilator function before development of significant vascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naveed Akbar
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (F.K.); Tel.: +44-13-8238-3531 (F.K.); Fax: +44-13-8263-2333 (F.K.)
| | - Calum Forteath
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
| | - Muhammad S. Hussain
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
| | - Kathleen Reyskens
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK; (K.R.); (J.S.C.A.)
| | - Jill J. F. Belch
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
| | - Chim C. Lang
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.C.L.); (I.R.M.)
| | - Ify R. Mordi
- Division of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.C.L.); (I.R.M.)
| | - U Bhalraam
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
| | - J. Simon C. Arthur
- Division of Cell Signalling and Immunology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK; (K.R.); (J.S.C.A.)
| | - Faisel Khan
- The Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 9SY, UK; (C.F.); (M.S.H.); (J.J.F.B.); (U.B.)
- Correspondence: (N.A.); (F.K.); Tel.: +44-13-8238-3531 (F.K.); Fax: +44-13-8263-2333 (F.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Gong H, Bandura J, Wang GL, Feng ZP, Sun HS. Xyloketal B: A marine compound with medicinal potential. Pharmacol Ther 2021; 230:107963. [PMID: 34375691 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, technological advantages have allowed scientists to isolate medicinal compounds from marine organisms that exhibit unique structure and bioactivity. The mangrove fungus Xylaria sp. from the South China Sea is rich in metabolites and produces a potent therapeutic compound, xyloketal B. Since its isolation in 2001, xyloketal B has been extensively studied in a wide variety of cell types and in vitro and in vivo disease models. Xyloketal B and its derivatives exhibit cytoprotective effects in cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases by reducing oxidative stress, regulating the apoptosis pathway, maintaining ionic balance, mitigating inflammatory responses, and preventing protein aggregation. Xyloketal B has also shown to alleviate lipid accumulation in a non-alcoholic fatty liver disease model. Moreover, xyloketal B treatment induces glioblastoma cell death. This review summarizes our current understanding of xyloketal B in various disease models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haifan Gong
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Julia Bandura
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Guan-Lei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules from Oceanic Microorganisms (Sun Yat-Sen University), Department of Education of Guangdong Province, 510080, China.
| | - Zhong-Ping Feng
- Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
| | - Hong-Shuo Sun
- Department of Surgery, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Physiology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada; Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Shraim BA, Moursi MO, Benter IF, Habib AM, Akhtar S. The Role of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Family of Receptor Tyrosine Kinases in Mediating Diabetes-Induced Cardiovascular Complications. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:701390. [PMID: 34408653 PMCID: PMC8365470 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.701390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major debilitating disease whose global incidence is progressively increasing with currently over 463 million adult sufferers and this figure will likely reach over 700 million by the year 2045. It is the complications of diabetes such as cardiovascular, renal, neuronal and ocular dysfunction that lead to increased patient morbidity and mortality. Of these, cardiovascular complications that can result in stroke and cardiomyopathies are 2- to 5-fold more likely in diabetes but the underlying mechanisms involved in their development are not fully understood. Emerging research suggests that members of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR/ErbB/HER) family of tyrosine kinases can have a dual role in that they are beneficially required for normal development and physiological functioning of the cardiovascular system (CVS) as well as in salvage pathways following acute cardiac ischemia/reperfusion injury but their chronic dysregulation may also be intricately involved in mediating diabetes-induced cardiovascular pathologies. Here we review the evidence for EGFR/ErbB/HER receptors in mediating these dual roles in the CVS and also discuss their potential interplay with the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System heptapeptide, Angiotensin-(1-7), as well the arachidonic acid metabolite, 20-HETE (20-hydroxy-5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraenoic acid). A greater understanding of the multi-faceted roles of EGFR/ErbB/HER family of tyrosine kinases and their interplay with other key modulators of cardiovascular function could facilitate the development of novel therapeutic strategies for treating diabetes-induced cardiovascular complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bara A Shraim
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Moaz O Moursi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ibrahim F Benter
- Faculty of Medicine, Eastern Mediterranean University, Famagusta, North Cyprus
| | - Abdella M Habib
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saghir Akhtar
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.,Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Iop L. Toward the Effective Bioengineering of a Pathological Tissue for Cardiovascular Disease Modeling: Old Strategies and New Frontiers for Prevention, Diagnosis, and Therapy. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 7:591583. [PMID: 33748193 PMCID: PMC7969521 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2020.591583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) still represent the primary cause of mortality worldwide. Preclinical modeling by recapitulating human pathophysiology is fundamental to advance the comprehension of these diseases and propose effective strategies for their prevention, diagnosis, and treatment. In silico, in vivo, and in vitro models have been applied to dissect many cardiovascular pathologies. Computational and bioinformatic simulations allow developing algorithmic disease models considering all known variables and severity degrees of disease. In vivo studies based on small or large animals have a long tradition and largely contribute to the current treatment and management of CVDs. In vitro investigation with two-dimensional cell culture demonstrates its suitability to analyze the behavior of single, diseased cellular types. The introduction of induced pluripotent stem cell technology and the application of bioengineering principles raised the bar toward in vitro three-dimensional modeling by enabling the development of pathological tissue equivalents. This review article intends to describe the advantages and disadvantages of past and present modeling approaches applied to provide insights on some of the most relevant congenital and acquired CVDs, such as rhythm disturbances, bicuspid aortic valve, cardiac infections and autoimmunity, cardiovascular fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and calcific aortic valve stenosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Iop
- Department of Cardiac Thoracic Vascular Sciences, and Public Health, University of Padua Medical School, Padua, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Anderson CP, Pekas EJ, Park SY. Microvascular Dysfunction in Peripheral Artery Disease: Is Heat Therapy a Viable Treatment? INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18052384. [PMID: 33804430 PMCID: PMC7967745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Peripheral artery disease (PAD) is characterized by the development of atherosclerotic plaques in the lower-body conduit arteries. PAD is commonly accompanied by microvascular disease, which may result in poor wound healing, plantar ulcer development, and subsequent limb amputation. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of plantar ulcers is a critical step in the development of adequate treatment options for patients with PAD. Skin is classified into two major components: glabrous and non-glabrous. These skin types have unique microcirculation characteristics, making it important to differentiate between the two when investigating mechanisms for plantar ulcer development in PAD. There is evidence for a microcirculation compensatory mechanism in PAD. This is evident by the maintenance of basal microcirculation perfusion and capillary filling pressure despite a reduced pressure differential beyond an occlusion in non-critical limb ischemia PAD. The major mechanism for this compensatory system seems to be progressive vasodilation of the arterial network below an occlusion. Recently, heat therapies have emerged as novel treatment options for attenuating the progression of PAD. Heat therapies are capable of stimulating the cardiovascular system, which may lead to beneficial adaptations that may ultimately reduce fatigue during walking in PAD. Early work in this area has shown that full-body heating is capable of generating an acute cardiovascular response, similar to exercise, which has been suggested as the most efficient treatment modality and may generate adaptations with chronic exposure. Heat therapies may emerge as a conservative treatment option capable of attenuating the progression of PAD and ultimately impeding the development of plantar ulcers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cody P. Anderson
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; (C.P.A.); (E.J.P.)
- Department of Biomechanics, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Pekas
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; (C.P.A.); (E.J.P.)
| | - Song-Young Park
- School of Health and Kinesiology, University of Nebraska at Omaha, Omaha, NE 68182, USA; (C.P.A.); (E.J.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-402-554-3374
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Chang TT, Yang HY, Chen C, Chen JW. CCL4 Inhibition in Atherosclerosis: Effects on Plaque Stability, Endothelial Cell Adhesiveness, and Macrophages Activation. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186567. [PMID: 32911750 PMCID: PMC7555143 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is an arterial inflammatory disease. The circulating level of the C-C chemokine ligand (CCL4) is increased in atherosclerotic patients. This study aimed to investigate whether CCL4 inhibition could retard the progression of atherosclerosis. In ApoE knockout mice, CCL4 antibody treatment reduced circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels and improved lipid profiles accompanied with upregulation of the liver X receptor. CCL4 inhibition reduced the atheroma areas and modified the progression of atheroma plaques, which consisted of a thicker fibrous cap with a reduced macrophage content and lower matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expressions, suggesting the stabilization of atheroma plaques. Human coronary endothelial cells (HCAECs) and macrophages were stimulated with TNF-α or oxidized LDL (ox-LDL). The induced expression of E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were attenuated by the CCL4 antibody or CCL4 si-RNA. CCL4 inhibition reduced the adhesiveness of HCAECs, which is an early sign of atherogenesis. CCL4 blockade reduced the activity of metalloproteinase-2 and -9 and the production of TNF-α and IL-6 in stimulated macrophages. The effects of CCL4 inhibition on down-regulating adhesion and inflammation proteins were obtained through the nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) signaling pathway. The direct inhibition of CCL4 stabilized atheroma and reduced endothelial and macrophage activation. CCL4 may be a novel therapeutic target for modulating atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Chang
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (T.-T.C.); (H.-Y.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Hsin-Ying Yang
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (T.-T.C.); (H.-Y.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Ching Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (T.-T.C.); (H.-Y.Y.); (C.C.)
| | - Jaw-Wen Chen
- Department and Institute of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan; (T.-T.C.); (H.-Y.Y.); (C.C.)
- Healthcare and Services Center, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 11217, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-2-28757730; Fax: +886-2-28711601
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Sorokin AV, Karathanasis SK, Yang ZH, Freeman L, Kotani K, Remaley AT. COVID-19-Associated dyslipidemia: Implications for mechanism of impaired resolution and novel therapeutic approaches. FASEB J 2020; 34:9843-9853. [PMID: 32588493 PMCID: PMC7361619 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic presents a global challenge for managing acutely ill patients and complications from viral infection. Systemic inflammation accompanied by a “cytokine storm,” hemostasis alterations and severe vasculitis have all been reported to occur with COVID‐19, and emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of lipid transport may contribute to some of these complications. Here, we aim to summarize the current understanding of the potential mechanisms related to COVID‐19 dyslipidemia and propose possible adjunctive type therapeutic approaches that modulate lipids and lipoproteins. Specifically, we hypothesize that changes in the quantity and composition of high‐density lipoprotein (HDL) that occurs with COVID‐19 can significantly decrease the anti‐inflammatory and anti‐oxidative functions of HDL and could contribute to pulmonary inflammation. Furthermore, we propose that lipoproteins with oxidized phospholipids and fatty acids could lead to virus‐associated organ damage via overactivation of innate immune scavenger receptors. Restoring lipoprotein function with ApoA‐I raising agents or blocking relevant scavenger receptors with neutralizing antibodies could, therefore, be of value in the treatment of COVID‐19. Finally, we discuss the role of omega‐3 fatty acids transported by lipoproteins in generating specialized proresolving mediators and how together with anti‐inflammatory drugs, they could decrease inflammation and thrombotic complications associated with COVID‐19.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander V Sorokin
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sotirios K Karathanasis
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,NeoProgen, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zhi-Hong Yang
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lita Freeman
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kazuhiko Kotani
- Division of Community and Family Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke-City, Japan
| | - Alan T Remaley
- Lipoprotein Metabolism Laboratory, Translational Vascular Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Delgado NTB, Rouver WN, Dos Santos RL. Protective Effects of Pomegranate in Endothelial Dysfunction. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:3684-3699. [PMID: 32250215 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200406152147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Punica granatum L. is an infructescence native of occidental Asia and Mediterranean Europe, popularly referred to as pomegranate. It has been used in ethnomedicine for several applications, including the treatment of obesity, inflammation, diabetes, and the regulation of blood lipid parameters. Thus, pomegranate has been linked to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases that have endothelial dysfunction as a common factor acting mainly against oxidative stress due to its high polyphenol content. Its biocomponents have antihypertensive, antiatherogenic, antihyperglycemic, and anti-inflammatory properties, which promote cardiovascular protection through the improvement of endothelial function. METHODS Different electronic databases were searched in a non-systematic way to uncover the literature of interest. CONCLUSION This review article presents updated information on the role of pomegranate in the context of endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases. We have shown that pomegranate, or rather its components (e.g., tannins, flavonoids, phytoestrogens, anthocyanins, alkaloids, etc.), have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system, improving parameters such as oxidative stress and the enzymatic antioxidant system, reducing reactive oxygen species formation and acting in an anti-inflammatory way. Thus, this review may contribute to a better understanding of pomegranate's beneficial actions on endothelial function and possibly to the development of strategies associated with conventional treatments of cardiovascular diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie T B Delgado
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Wender N Rouver
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Roger L Dos Santos
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Andreadou I, Schulz R, Badimon L, Adameová A, Kleinbongard P, Lecour S, Nikolaou PE, Falcão-Pires I, Vilahur G, Woudberg N, Heusch G, Ferdinandy P. Hyperlipidaemia and cardioprotection: Animal models for translational studies. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5287-5311. [PMID: 31769007 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidaemia is a well-established risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and therefore, many animal model have been developed to mimic the human abnormal elevation of blood lipid levels. In parallel, extensive research for the alleviation of ischaemia/reperfusion injury has revealed that hyperlipidaemia is a major co-morbidity that attenuates the cardioprotective effect of conditioning strategies (preconditioning, postconditioning and remote conditioning) and that of pharmacological interventions by interfering with cardioprotective signalling pathways. In the present review article, we summarize the existing data on animal models of hypercholesterolaemia (total, low density and HDL abnormalities) and hypertriglyceridaemia used in ischaemia/reperfusion injury and protection from it. We also provide recommendations on preclinical animal models to be used for translations of the cardioprotective strategies into clinical practice. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Andreadou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lina Badimon
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Cardiovascular Research Chair Autonomous University of Barcelona (UAB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Adameová
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University in Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Center of Experimental Medicine, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute for Heart Research, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Petra Kleinbongard
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | | | - Ines Falcão-Pires
- Unidade de Investigação Cardiovascular, Departamento de Cirurgia e Fisiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Gemma Vilahur
- Cardiovascular Program ICCC, Research Institute-Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, IIB-Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Instituto Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicholas Woudberg
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Gerd Heusch
- Institut für Pathophysiologie, Westdeutsches Herz- und Gefäßzentrum, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kim YY, Chao JR, Kim C, Kim B, Thi-Thanh Nguyen P, Jung H, Chang J, Lee JH, Suh JG. Hearing loss through apoptosis of the spiral ganglion neurons in apolipoprotein E knockout mice fed with a western diet. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 523:692-698. [PMID: 31948760 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.12.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Age-related hearing loss (ARHL) is a neurodegenerative disease associated with an aged population. ARHL is influenced by biological factors such as aging, sex difference, and atherosclerosis. The mechanisms of ARHL caused by atherosclerosis have not been previously determined in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) male mice. To investigate the onset and cause of the hearing loss, ApoE KO male mice were treated with a western diet (ApoE KO-WD) for 16 weeks. The lipid profile, atherosclerotic plaques throughout the aorta, and auditory brainstem response (ABR) thresholds were measured in the ApoE KO-WD male mice. The expression of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B), a neuronal damage biomarker, was also observed. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and apoptosis rates were detected in the cochlea of the ApoE KO male mice. Atherosclerotic plaques on the aorta and ABR thresholds were significantly increased in the ApoE KO-WD male mice at 24 weeks of age. ABR thresholds had a statistically significant positive correlation with the area of atherosclerotic plaques (r = 0.783, p = 0.013) in male mice at 24 weeks of age. S100B protein expression and the dihydroethidium (DHE) reaction to ROS in the cochlear spiral ganglion neurons (SGNs) were significantly increased in the ApoE KO and ApoE KO-WD male mice. Cells positive for active caspase-3 and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) in the SGNs were significantly increased in ApoE KO-WD male mice indicating an increased rate of cellular apoptosis. In conclusion, ROS in the SGNs were activated by increased S100B expression in ApoE KO-WD male mice, and this resulted in an increased apoptosis rate. Thus, hearing loss began at 16 weeks in ApoE KO-WD male mice. Our results suggest that the ApoE KO-WD male mice are a suitable animal model for studying ARHL associated with exacerbated atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yoo Yeon Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Janet Ren Chao
- Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, 06510, USA
| | - Chulho Kim
- Department of Neurology, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Boyoung Kim
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong Thi-Thanh Nguyen
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Harry Jung
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Ho Lee
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea; Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jun Gyo Suh
- Department of Medical Genetics, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Szostak J, Titz B, Schlage WK, Guedj E, Sewer A, Phillips B, Leroy P, Buettner A, Neau L, Trivedi K, Martin F, Ivanov NV, Vanscheeuwijck P, Peitsch MC, Hoeng J. Structural, functional, and molecular impact on the cardiovascular system in ApoE -/- mice exposed to aerosol from candidate modified risk tobacco products, Carbon Heated Tobacco Product 1.2 and Tobacco Heating System 2.2, compared with cigarette smoke. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 315:108887. [PMID: 31705857 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the molecular, structural, and functional impact of aerosols from candidate modified risk tobacco products (cMRTP), the Carbon Heated Tobacco Product (CHTP) 1.2 and Tobacco Heating System (THS) 2.2, compared with that of mainstream cigarette smoke (CS) on the cardiovascular system of ApoE-/- mice. METHODS Female ApoE-/- mice were exposed to aerosols from THS 2.2 and CHTP 1.2 or to CS from the 3R4F reference cigarette for up to 6 months at matching nicotine concentrations. A Cessation and a Switching group (3 months exposure to 3R4F CS followed by filtered air or CHTP 1.2 for 3 months) were included. Cardiovascular effects were investigated by echocardiographic, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and transcriptomics analyses. RESULTS Continuous exposure to cMRTP aerosols did not affect atherosclerosis progression, heart function, left ventricular (LV) structure, or the cardiovascular transcriptome. Exposure to 3R4F CS triggered atherosclerosis progression, reduced systolic ejection fraction and fractional shortening, caused heart LV hypertrophy, and initiated significant dysregulation in the transcriptomes of the heart ventricle and thoracic aorta. Importantly, the structural, functional, and molecular changes caused by 3R4F CS were improved in the smoking cessation and switching groups. CONCLUSION Exposure to cMRTP aerosols lacked most of the CS exposure-related functional, structural, and molecular effects. Smoking cessation or switching to CHTP 1.2 aerosol caused similar recovery from the 3R4F CS effects in the ApoE-/- model, with no further acceleration of plaque progression beyond the aging-related rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Szostak
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Bjoern Titz
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Walter K Schlage
- Biology Consultant, Max-Baermann-Str. 21, 51429, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany.
| | - Emmanuel Guedj
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Alain Sewer
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Blaine Phillips
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris International Research Laboratories Pte. Ltd., Science Park II, Singapore.
| | - Patrice Leroy
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Laurent Neau
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Keyur Trivedi
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Florian Martin
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Nikolai V Ivanov
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Patrick Vanscheeuwijck
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Manuel C Peitsch
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| | - Julia Hoeng
- PMI R&D, Philip Morris Products S.A, Quai Jeanrenaud 5, CH-2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jeong J, Lee J, Lim J, Cho S, An S, Lee M, Yoon N, Seo M, Lim S, Park S. Soluble RAGE attenuates AngII-induced endothelial hyperpermeability by disrupting HMGB1-mediated crosstalk between AT1R and RAGE. Exp Mol Med 2019; 51:1-15. [PMID: 31562296 PMCID: PMC6802637 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-019-0312-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased endothelial permeability, one of the earliest signs of endothelial dysfunction, is associated with the development of cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and atherosclerosis. Recent studies suggest that the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) regulates endothelial permeability in inflammation. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of RAGE in endothelial hyperpermeability induced by angiotensin II (Ang II), a well-known inflammatory mediator, and the potential therapeutic effect of soluble RAGE (sRAGE), a decoy receptor for RAGE ligands. For in vitro studies, Ang II-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with siRNA specific to either RAGE or sRAGE to disrupt RAGE-mediated signaling. Endothelial permeability was estimated using FITC-labeled dextran 40 and a resistance meter. To evaluate intercellular junction disruption, VE-cadherin expression was examined by western blotting and immunocytochemistry. Ang II increased the expression of the Ang II type 1 receptor (AT1R) and RAGE, and this increase was inhibited by sRAGE. sRAGE prevented Ang II-induced VE-cadherin disruption in HUVECs. For in vivo studies, Ang II-infused, atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E knockout mice were utilized. Endothelial permeability was assessed by Evans blue staining of the aorta. Ang II increased endothelial barrier permeability, and this effect was significantly attenuated by sRAGE. Our data demonstrate that blockade of RAGE signaling using sRAGE attenuates Ang II-induced endothelial barrier permeability in vitro and in vivo and indicate the therapeutic potential of sRAGE in controlling vascular permeability under pathological conditions. A decoy version of a protein involved in regulating the leakiness of blood vessels can help ameliorate vascular problems that lead to high blood pressure and plaque deposition in the arteries. A team from South Korea led by Soyeon Lim from Catholic Kwandong University in Gangneung and Sungha Park from Yonsei University College of Medicine in Seoul induced hyper-permeability in both human vein cells and atherosclerosis-prone mice. They then blocked signaling through a membrane-bound protein called RAGE, a receptor that helps boost vessel permeability by using a soluble version of this same protein. In both the human cells and mouse models, this free-floating RAGE bound and blocked the receptor’s normal activator, leading to suppressed permeability and improved function of the blood vessel lining. This decoy strategy holds therapeutic promise for people prone to cardiovascular disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Jeong
- Graduate Program in Science for Aging, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Jiye Lee
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Juyeon Lim
- Graduate Program in Science for Aging, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Soyoung Cho
- Graduate Program in Science for Aging, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.,Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Soyoung An
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Myungeun Lee
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Nara Yoon
- Department of Pathology, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Miran Seo
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea
| | - Soyeon Lim
- Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Gangneung, Gangwon-do, 25601, Korea.
| | - Sungha Park
- Integrative Research Center for Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea. .,Cardiovascular Research Institute, Division of Cardiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, 120-752, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Marques VB, Leal MAS, Mageski JGA, Fidelis HG, Nogueira BV, Vasquez EC, Meyrelles SDS, Simões MR, dos Santos L. Chronic iron overload intensifies atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E deficient mice: Role of oxidative stress and endothelial dysfunction. Life Sci 2019; 233:116702. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
30
|
Chisté LA, Pereira BP, Porto ML, de Oliveira JP, de Assis ALEM, Nogueira BV, Meyrelles SS, de Andrade TU, Campos-Toimil M, Vasquez EC, Campagnaro BP, Pereira TMC. Worsening of Oxidative Stress, DNA Damage, and Atherosclerotic Lesions in Aged LDLr -/- Mice after Consumption of Guarana Soft Drinks. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:9042526. [PMID: 31281596 PMCID: PMC6590538 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9042526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Excessive consumption of soft drinks (SD) has become a health problem worldwide due to its association with related cardiovascular diseases. We investigated the possible impacts associated with the consumption of Brazilian guarana (normal and zero) SD in dyslipidemic mice, thus mitigating potential clinical confounders such as poor-quality diet, lifestyle, body composition, and/or comorbidities. METHODS Sixteen-month-old LDLr-/- mice were divided into the following groups: (1) control; (2) GSD: normal guarana SD; and (3) Z-GSD: zero guarana SD. All were fed ad libitum, and blood pressure was measured noninvasively. After 8 weeks, aorta, blood, liver, and stomach samples were collected for histological and biochemical analyses. RESULTS Guarana soft drinks increased atherosclerosis (~60%) and were associated with hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, oxidative stress, DNA fragmentation, and apoptosis (~2-fold) of blood cells, besides presenting an increase in liver and gastric damage even in normoglycemia. Interestingly, Z-GSD did not cause the aforementioned changes, except in hemodynamic and renal parameters. CONCLUSIONS Chronic administration of GSD is prooxidative, compromising the cardiovascular, gastric, and hepatic systems; the effects are due at least in part to free sugar consumption but not to guarana extract per se.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Layla Aparecida Chisté
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Peters Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Marcella Leite Porto
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Jairo Pinto de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Arícia Leone Evangelista Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Silvana Santos Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - Tadeu Uggere de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Manuel Campos-Toimil
- Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases (CDPHARMA), Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Melo Costa Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Federal Institute of Education, Science, and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
- Pharmacology of Chronic Diseases (CDPHARMA), Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases Research Center (CIMUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Antioxidant effect of sildenafil: Potential hepatoprotection via differential expression of mitochondrial proteins in apolipoprotein E knockout mice. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:422-429. [PMID: 31003152 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High plasma cholesterol levels are able to trigger several pathophysiological events, including inflammation, cell damage and especially oxidative stress. Previously, studies have shown that sildenafil exhibited antioxidant effects in several experimental models. Here we evaluate the role of sildenafil in liver redox equilibrium of apolipoprotein E knockout (apoE-KO) mice. METHODS ApoE-KO mice were divided in two groups: one group received the PDE5 inhibitor sildenafil (40 mg/kg/day) for 3 weeks (apoE-KO + Sil) and was compared to a second group of apoE-KO mice, which received only the vehicle (water) for 3 weeks (apoE-KO). Control group (C57 mice) received only a standard chow diet. At the age of 18 weeks, mice livers were collected for the measurement of intracellular ROS levels and apoptotic cells by flow cytometry analysis, and mitochondria isolation for proteomic analysis. RESULTS Compared to the control group, liver cells from apoE-KO presented some typical redox imbalance features: higher levels of intracellular ROS (global oxidative stress ˜60%, superoxide anion ˜82%, and peroxynitrite/hydroxyl radical ˜53%), higher amounts of apoptotic cells (up to ˜19%) and higher mitochondrial intensity of catalase (+339%) and transferrin spots (+914%). After treatment with sildenafil, apoE-KO presented ROS levels and the number of apoptotic cells similar to those observed in C57. In addition, when compared to apoE-KO, apoE-KO + Sil showed lower spots volumes of catalase (-23%) and transferrin (-71%) and up-regulation of urate oxidase (+94%). CONCLUSION The treatment with sildenafil is able to induce beneficial changes in liver mitochondrial protein dynamics, which restores the redox homeostasis contributing to a potential hepatoprotection.
Collapse
|
32
|
Oboh G, Adebayo AA, Ademosun AO. Hunteria umbellata seed extract administration modulates activities of phosphodiesterase-5 and purinergic enzymes relevant to erection in normal male rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-019-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
|
33
|
Oliveira TF, Batista PR, Leal MA, Campagnaro BP, Nogueira BV, Vassallo DV, Meyrelles SS, Padilha AS. Chronic Cadmium Exposure Accelerates the Development of Atherosclerosis and Induces Vascular Dysfunction in the Aorta of ApoE -/- Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 187:163-171. [PMID: 29707746 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium exposure is related to cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, increased oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, and specific biochemical changes induced by this metal. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether cadmium exposure induces endothelial dysfunction, accelerates atherosclerotic plaque formation in the aorta, and enhances oxidative stress in apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE-/-) mice. Experiments were performed in 14-week-old male wild-type and ApoE-/- mice. ApoE-/- mice received cadmium (CdCl2 100 mg/L in drinking water for 28 days) or vehicle (distilled water). After treatment, vascular reactivity to phenylephrine, acetylcholine, and sodium nitroprusside was analyzed using isolated aorta. Bone marrow cells were isolated to assess the production of nitric oxide and reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. ApoE-/- cadmium-treated mice had higher cholesterol levels than non-exposed mice. Cadmium exposure decreased the vasodilatation response to acetylcholine in aortic ring of ApoE-/- mice, though no changes in phenylephrine or sodium nitroprusside responses were observed. L-NAME reduced vasodilator responses to acetylcholine; this effect was lower in ApoE-/- cadmium-treated mice, suggesting reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. Moreover, in bone marrow cells, cadmium decreased cytoplasmic levels of NO and increased superoxide anions, hydrogen peroxide, and peroxynitrite in ApoE-/- mice. Morphological analysis showed that cadmium exposure increased plaque deposition in the aorta by approximately 3-fold. Our results suggest that cadmium exposure induces endothelial dysfunction in ApoE-/- mice. Moreover, cadmium increased total cholesterol levels, which may promote the early development of atherosclerosis in the aorta of ApoE-/- mice. Our findings support the hypothesis that cadmium exposure might increase the risk of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T F Oliveira
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - P R Batista
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitoria (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - M A Leal
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - B P Campagnaro
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Universidade de Vila Velha (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - B V Nogueira
- Department of Morphology, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil
| | - D V Vassallo
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
- Escola Superior de Ciências da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Vitoria (EMESCAM), Vitória, ES, Brazil
| | - S S Meyrelles
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Simão Padilha
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Program, Health Sciences Center, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo CCS/UFES, Av. Marechal Campos, 1468, Maruípe, Vitoria, ES, 29040-091, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Maase M, Rygula A, Pacia MZ, Proniewski B, Mateuszuk L, Sternak M, Kaczor A, Chlopicki S, Kusche-Vihrog K. Combined Raman- and AFM-based detection of biochemical and nanomechanical features of endothelial dysfunction in aorta isolated from ApoE/LDLR-/- mice. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2018; 16:97-105. [PMID: 30550804 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction is recognized as a critical condition in the development of cardiovascular disorders. This multifactorial process involves changes in the biochemical and mechanical properties of endothelial cells leading to disturbed release of vasoprotective mediators. Hypercholesterolemia and increased stiffness of the endothelial cortex are independently shown to result in reduced release of nitric oxide and thus endothelial dysfunction. However, direct evidence linking these parameters to each other is missing. Here, a novel method combining Raman spectroscopy for biochemical analysis and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) for analyzing the endothelial nanomechanics was established. Using this dual approach, the same areas of native ex vivo aortas were investigated, either derived from mice with endothelial dysfunction (ApoE/LDLR-/-) or wild type mice. In particular an increased intracellular lipid content and elevated cortical stiffness/elasticity were shown in ApoE/LDLR-/- aortas, demonstrating a direct link between endothelial dysfunction, the biochemical composition and the nanomechanical properties of endothelial cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martina Maase
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch Str. 27b, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anna Rygula
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Z Pacia
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Bartosz Proniewski
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Mateuszuk
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Sternak
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Kaczor
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Stefan Chlopicki
- Jagiellonian Centre for Experimental Therapeutics (JCET), Jagiellonian University, Bobrzynskiego 14, 30-348 Krakow, Poland; Chair of Pharmacology, Jagiellonian University, Grzegorzecka 16, 31-531 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Kristina Kusche-Vihrog
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, Robert-Koch Str. 27b, 48149 Münster, Germany; Institute of Physiology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562 Lübeck, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Jacinto TA, Meireles GS, Dias AT, Aires R, Porto ML, Gava AL, Vasquez EC, Pereira TMC, Campagnaro BP, Meyrelles SS. Increased ROS production and DNA damage in monocytes are biomarkers of aging and atherosclerosis. Biol Res 2018; 51:33. [PMID: 30185234 PMCID: PMC6123971 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-018-0182-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New evidence demonstrates that aging and dyslipidemia are closely associated with oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in some cells and extravascular tissues. However, in monocytes, which are naturally involved in progression and/or resolution of plaque in atherosclerosis, this concurrence has not yet been fully investigated. In this study, we evaluated the influence of aging and hypercholesterolemia on serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, DNA damage and apoptosis in monocytes from apolipoprotein E-deficient (apoE−/−) mice compared with age-matched wild-type C57BL/6 (WT) mice. Experiments were performed in young (2-months) and in old (18-months) male wild-type (WT) and apoE−/− mice. Results Besides the expected differences in serum lipid profile and plaque formation, we observed that atherosclerotic mice exhibited a significant increase in monocytosis and in serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines compared to WT mice. Moreover, it was observed that the overproduction of ROS, led to an increased DNA fragmentation and, consequently, apoptosis in monocytes from normocholesterolemic old mice, which was aggravated in age-matched atherosclerotic mice. Conclusions In this study, we demonstrate that a pro-inflammatory systemic status is associated with an impairment of functionality of monocytes during aging and that these parameters are fundamental extra-arterial contributors to the aggravation of atherosclerosis. The present data open new avenues for the development of future strategies with the purpose of treating atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais A Jacinto
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Giselle S Meireles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil
| | - Ananda T Dias
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Aires
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Marcella L Porto
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Agata L Gava
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil.,Division of Nephrology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Elisardo C Vasquez
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil.,Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil
| | - Thiago Melo C Pereira
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil
| | - Bianca P Campagnaro
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology and Pharmacology, Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Rua Mercúrio, s/n, Boa Vista 1, Vila Velha, ES, 29102-623, Brazil.
| | - Silvana S Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo (UFES), Vitoria, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Cheng Y, Vanhoutte PM, Leung SWS. Apolipoprotein E favours the blunting by high-fat diet of prostacyclin receptor activation in the mouse aorta. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:3453-3469. [PMID: 29859010 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE NO-mediated, endothelium-dependent relaxations of isolated arteries are blunted by ageing and high-fat diets, as well as by apolipoprotein E deletion. The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that apolipoprotein E deletion impairs endothelium-dependent responses to prostacyclin (IP) receptor activation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Five-week-old ApoE+/+ and ApoE-/- mice were fed normal chow or high-fat diet for 29 weeks. The aortae were isolated for the measurements of isometric tension in Halpern-Mulvany myographs. Levels of proteins were assessed by Western blotting and immunofluorescence, and cyclic nucleotide levels by elisa. KEY RESULTS The IP receptor agonist, iloprost, induced endothelium-, NO-synthase- and IP-dependent relaxations in aortae of young ApoE+/+ mice. High-fat diet favoured activation of thromboxane receptors by iloprost, causing contraction. Apolipoprotein E was present in aortae of ApoE+/+ mice, especially in endothelium. Its presence was augmented by high-fat diet. Its deletion potentiated iloprost-induced relaxations in aortae of young mice and prevented the blunting of this response by high-fat diet. Levels of cAMP were higher, but those of cGMP were lower in the aorta of ApoE-/- than in ApoE+/+ mice of the same age. The levels of IP receptor protein were not different between ApoE+/+ and ApoE-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Iloprost induced an endothelium-dependent relaxation in the aorta of young healthy mice which involved both the cGMP and cAMP pathways. This response was blunted by prolonged exposure to a high-fat diet. Apolipoprotein E deletion potentiated relaxations to IP receptor activation, independently of age and diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanhua Cheng
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Paul M Vanhoutte
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| | - Susan W S Leung
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Tsai IJ, Chen CW, Tsai SY, Wang PY, Owaga E, Hsieh RH. Curcumin supplementation ameliorated vascular dysfunction and improved antioxidant status in rats fed a high-sucrose, high-fat diet. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2018; 43:669-676. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Vascular endothelial dysfunction is a potential risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study evaluated the effect of curcumin on factors associated with vascular dysfunction using rats fed a high-sucrose, high-fat (HSF) diet. The experiment included 2 animal feeding phases. In the first feeding phase, male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: the control group (n = 8) was fed a standard diet (AIN-93G) and the HSF group (n = 24) was fed an HSF diet for 8 weeks to induce obesity. In the second feeding phase, lasting 4 weeks, the HSF group was randomly divided into 3 subgroups: the O group (n = 8) continued feeding on the HSF diet, the OA group (n = 8) had the HSF diet replaced with AIN-93G, and the OC group (n = 8) was fed the HSF diet supplemented with curcumin (300 mg/kg body weight daily). After 8 weeks, the HSF diet significantly elevated levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), insulin, homeostatic model assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), homocysteine (Hcy), C-reactive protein (CRP), vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) but significantly reduced levels of nitric oxide (NO) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). After dietary intervention, the OA and OC groups exhibited significantly lower levels of AST, ALT, HOMA-IR, cholesterol, LDL-C, Hcy, CRP, VCAM-1, and ICAM-1 and higher levels of NO and catalase (CAT) activity compared with the O group. Superoxide dismutase, CAT, and glutathione peroxidase activities were increased in the OA group, while CAT levels were enhanced in the OC group. In conclusion, this study showed that curcumin supplementation and diet modification can inhibit HSF diet-induced vascular dysfunction potentially by enhancing NO production and antioxidant enzyme activities, thereby suppressing inflammation and oxidative damage in the vascular endothelium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I-Jung Tsai
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Wen Chen
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Yu Tsai
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Yuan Wang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Eddy Owaga
- Institute of Food Bioresources Technology, Dedan Kimathi University of Technology, P.O. Box 657-10100, Nyeri, Kenya
| | - Rong-Hong Hsieh
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, College of Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Hsing Street, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zeng L, Mathew AV, Byun J, Atkins KB, Brosius FC, Pennathur S. Myeloperoxidase-derived oxidants damage artery wall proteins in an animal model of chronic kidney disease-accelerated atherosclerosis. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:7238-7249. [PMID: 29581235 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.000559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels and activity are associated with increased cardiovascular risk among individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, a lack of good animal models for examining the presence and catalytic activity of MPO in vascular lesions has impeded mechanistic studies into CKD-associated cardiovascular diseases. Here, we show for the first time that exaggerated atherosclerosis in a pathophysiologically relevant CKD mouse model is associated with increased macrophage-derived MPO activity. Male 7-week-old LDL receptor-deficient mice underwent sham (control mice) or 5/6 nephrectomy and were fed either a low-fat or high-fat, high-cholesterol diet for 24 weeks, and the extents of atherosclerosis and vascular reactivity were assessed. MPO expression and oxidation products-protein-bound oxidized tyrosine moieties 3-chlorotyrosine, 3-nitrotyrosine, and o,o'-dityrosine-were examined with immunoassays and confirmed with mass spectrometry (MS). As anticipated, the CKD mice had significantly higher plasma creatinine, urea nitrogen, and intact parathyroid hormone along with lower hematocrit and body weight. On both the diet regimens, CKD mice did not have hypertension but had lower cholesterol and triglyceride levels than the control mice. Despite the lower cholesterol levels, CKD mice had increased aortic plaque areas, fibrosis, and luminal narrowing. They also exhibited increased MPO expression and activity (i.e. increased oxidized tyrosines) that co-localized with infiltrating lesional macrophages and diminished vascular reactivity. In summary, unlike non-CKD mouse models of atherosclerosis, CKD mice exhibit increased MPO expression and catalytic activity in atherosclerotic lesions, which co-localize with lesional macrophages. These results implicate macrophage-derived MPO in CKD-accelerated atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lixia Zeng
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Anna V Mathew
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Jaeman Byun
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Kevin B Atkins
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Frank C Brosius
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Subramaniam Pennathur
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105; Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105.
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Fancher IS, Ahn SJ, Adamos C, Osborn C, Oh MJ, Fang Y, Reardon CA, Getz GS, Phillips SA, Levitan I. Hypercholesterolemia-Induced Loss of Flow-Induced Vasodilation and Lesion Formation in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice Critically Depend on Inwardly Rectifying K + Channels. J Am Heart Assoc 2018; 7:e007430. [PMID: 29502106 PMCID: PMC5866319 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.117.007430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypercholesterolemia-induced decreased availability of nitric oxide (NO) is a major factor in cardiovascular disease. We previously established that cholesterol suppresses endothelial inwardly rectifying K+ (Kir) channels and that Kir2.1 is an upstream mediator of flow-induced NO production. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that suppression of Kir2.1 is responsible for hypercholesterolemia-induced inhibition of flow-induced NO production and flow-induced vasodilation (FIV). We also tested the role of Kir2.1 in the development of atherosclerotic lesions. METHODS AND RESULTS Kir2.1 currents are significantly suppressed in microvascular endothelial cells exposed to acetylated-low-density lipoprotein or isolated from apolipoprotein E-deficient (Apoe-/- ) mice and rescued by cholesterol depletion. Genetic deficiency of Kir2.1 on the background of hypercholesterolemic Apoe-/- mice, Kir2.1+/-/Apoe-/- exhibit the same blunted FIV and flow-induced NO response as Apoe-/- or Kir2.1+/- alone, but while FIV in Apoe-/- mice can be rescued by cholesterol depletion, in Kir2.1+/-/Apoe-/- mice cholesterol depletion has no effect on FIV. Endothelial-specific overexpression of Kir2.1 in arteries from Apoe-/- and Kir2.1+/-/Apoe-/- mice results in full rescue of FIV and NO production in Apoe-/- mice with and without the addition of a high-fat diet. Conversely, endothelial-specific expression of dominant-negative Kir2.1 results in the opposite effect. Kir2.1+/-/Apoe-/- mice also show increased lesion formation, particularly in the atheroresistant area of descending aorta. CONCLUSIONS We conclude that hypercholesterolemia-induced reduction in FIV is largely attributable to cholesterol suppression of Kir2.1 function via the loss of flow-induced NO production, whereas the stages downstream of flow-induced Kir2.1 activation appear to be mostly intact. Kir2.1 channels also have an atheroprotective role.
Collapse
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta/metabolism
- Aorta/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/genetics
- Aortic Diseases/metabolism
- Aortic Diseases/pathology
- Aortic Diseases/physiopathology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Atherosclerosis/physiopathology
- Cells, Cultured
- Cholesterol/blood
- Disease Models, Animal
- Endothelial Cells/metabolism
- Endothelial Cells/pathology
- Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiopathology
- Hypercholesterolemia/genetics
- Hypercholesterolemia/metabolism
- Hypercholesterolemia/pathology
- Hypercholesterolemia/physiopathology
- Male
- Mesenteric Arteries/metabolism
- Mesenteric Arteries/physiopathology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Knockout, ApoE
- Nitric Oxide/metabolism
- Plaque, Atherosclerotic
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/deficiency
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/genetics
- Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Vasodilation
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ibra S Fancher
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Sang Joon Ahn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Crystal Adamos
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Catherine Osborn
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Myung-Jin Oh
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
| | - Yun Fang
- Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago, IL
| | | | | | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Irena Levitan
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Bondarenko AI, Panasiuk O, Okhai I, Montecucco F, Brandt KJ, Mach F. Ca 2+-dependent potassium channels and cannabinoid signaling in the endothelium of apolipoprotein E knockout mice before plaque formation. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 115:54-63. [PMID: 29305938 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 12/30/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelial Ca2+-dependent K+ channels (KCa) regulate endothelial function. We also know that stimulation of type 2 cannabinoid (CB2) receptors ameliorates atherosclerosis. However, whether atherosclerosis is accompanied by altered endothelial KCa- and CB2 receptor-dependent signaling is unknown. By utilizing an in situ patch-clamp approach, we directly evaluated the KCa channel function and the CB2 receptor-dependent electrical responses in the endothelium of aortic strips from young ApoE-/- and C57Bl/6 mice. In the ApoE-/- group, the resting membrane potential (-30.1±1.1mV) was less negative (p<0.05) compared to WT (-38.9±1.4mV) and voltage ramps generated an overall KCa current of reduced amplitude. The peak hyperpolarization to 2μM Ach was not different between the groups. However, the sustained component was significantly reduced in ApoE-/- strips. In contrast, the peak hyperpolarization to 0.2μM Ach was increased in the ApoE-/- group, and SKA-31, a direct IKCa/SKCa channel opener, produced a hyperpolarization and whole-cell current of greater amplitude. The BKCa opener NS1619 produced hyperpolarization that was enhanced in ApoE-/- group. N-arachidonoyl glycine, a BKCa opener, produced a hyperpolarization of enhanced amplitude in ApoE-/- arteries. Selective CB2 receptor agonist AM1241 (5μM) had no effect on endothelial membrane potential in WT group; however, in ApoE-/- group, it elicited hyperpolarization that was inhibited by a selective CB2 receptor antagonist AM630. Conclusively, our data point to functional down-regulation of basal IKCa activity in unstimulated endothelium of ApoE-/- mice. Direct and indirect IKCa stimulation resulted in increased recruitment of the channels. In addition, our data point to up-regulation of endothelial BKCa channels and CB2 receptors in ApoE-/- arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander I Bondarenko
- Circulatory Physiology Department, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Bogomoletz Str.4, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine.
| | - Olga Panasiuk
- Circulatory Physiology Department, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Bogomoletz Str.4, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Iryna Okhai
- Circulatory Physiology Department, Bogomoletz Institute of Physiology, NAS of Ukraine, Bogomoletz Str.4, 01024 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Fabrizio Montecucco
- First Clinic of Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 6 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, largo Benzi 10, 16132 Genoa, Italy; Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Research (CEBR), University of Genoa, 9 viale Benedetto XV, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Karim J Brandt
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, Av. de la Roseraie 64, CH -1211 Geneva, 4, Switzerland
| | - François Mach
- Division of Cardiology, Foundation for Medical Researches, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Geneva, Av. de la Roseraie 64, CH -1211 Geneva, 4, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Parolini C, Bjorndal B, Busnelli M, Manzini S, Ganzetti GS, Dellera F, Ramsvik M, Bruheim I, Berge RK, Chiesa G. Effect of Dietary Components from Antarctic Krill on Atherosclerosis in apoE-Deficient Mice. Mol Nutr Food Res 2017; 61. [PMID: 28812326 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201700098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE Antarctic krill is a great source of n-3 fatty acids and high-quality proteins. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Antarctic krill components on plasma lipids and atherosclerosis development. METHODS AND RESULTS Sixty apoEKO mice were divided into four groups and fed Western diet (CONTROL) or Western-like diets, differing for protein or fat content. Specifically, casein or fat in CONTROL was partially replaced by krill proteins (PRO), krill oil (KRILL OIL), or both (KRILL OIL+PRO). In KRILL OIL+PRO and KRILL OIL, cholesterol levels were significantly lower than in CONTROL group. Atherosclerosis in aorta of PRO, KRILL OIL and KRILL OIL+PRO was lower than in CONTROL, whereas, at the aortic sinus, atherosclerosis reduction was only observed in KRILL OIL. Liver steatosis, commonly present in CONTROL and PRO animals, was sporadic in KRILL OIL+PRO and KRILL OIL mice. Krill oil containing diets affected the expression of genes involved in cholesterol metabolism, mainly HMG-CoA reductase. No reduced systemic inflammation was found in all groups. CONCLUSION Krill oil containing diets were able to reduce cholesterol levels, inhibit plaque development and prevent liver damage. Krill proteins also reduced atherosclerosis development through mechanisms not involving lipid metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Parolini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Bodil Bjorndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Marco Busnelli
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Stefano Manzini
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Giulia S Ganzetti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Dellera
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Marie Ramsvik
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway.,Rimfrost AS, N-6099, Fosnavaag, Norway
| | | | - Rolf Kristian Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, N-5020, Bergen, Norway
| | - Giulia Chiesa
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Vascular protective effects of aqueous extracts of Tribulus terrestris on hypertensive endothelial injury. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:606-614. [DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30088-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
43
|
Northcott JM, Czubryt MP, Wigle JT. Vascular senescence and ageing: a role for the MEOX proteins in promoting endothelial dysfunction. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2017; 95:1067-1077. [PMID: 28727928 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2017-0149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In the vascular system, ageing is accompanied by the accrual of senescent cells and is associated with an increased risk of vascular disease. Endothelial cell (EC) dysfunction is a hallmark of vascular disease and is characterized by decreased angiogenic potential, reduced nitric oxide bioavailability, impaired vasodilation, increased production of ROS, and enhanced inflammation. In ECs, the major producer of nitric oxide is the endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) enzyme that is encoded by the NOS3 gene. NOS3/eNOS function is tightly regulated at both the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels to maintain normal vascular function. A key transcriptional regulator of eNOS expression is p53, which has been shown to play a central role in mediating cellular senescence and thereby vascular dysfunction. Herein, we show that, in ECs, the MEOX homeodomain transcription factors decrease the expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, repress eNOS expression at the mRNA and protein levels, and increase the expression of p53. These findings support a role for the MEOX proteins in promoting endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josette M Northcott
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.,b Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Michael P Czubryt
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.,c Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| | - Jeffrey T Wigle
- a Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St. Boniface Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada.,b Department of Biochemistry and Medical Genetics, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Coutinho PN, Pereira BP, Hertel Pereira AC, Porto ML, Monteiro de Assis ALE, Côgo Destefani A, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC, Nogueira BV, de Andrade TU, Endringer DC, Fronza M, Costa Pereira TM. Chronic administration of antioxidant resin from Virola oleifera attenuates atherogenesis in LDLr -/- mice. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2017; 206:65-72. [PMID: 28502908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Virola oleifera (Schott) A. C. Smith, Myristicaceae has been largely used in traditional folk medicine in Brazil as an anti-inflammatory agent and our previous data indicated the antioxidant properties in other oxidative stress-related models. However, its effects on atherosclerosis (AT) are not yet investigated. AIMS OF THE STUDY To evaluate the influence of resin from Virola oleifera (RV) on progression of AT in LDLr-/- mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS LDLr-/- mice were divided into 4 groups: 1) The ND group received a normal diet without treatment. 2) The HD group received a high-fat diet without treatment. 3) The HD-V50 received a high-fat diet and was orally treated with RV at 50mg/Kg. 4) The HD-V300 received a high-fat diet and was orally treated with RV at 300mg/Kg. After 4 weeks, blood was collected to quantify biochemical parameters and ROS total and the aorta was removed to measure the lipid deposition by en face analysis. The liver was also collected to determine total lipids and lipid and protein oxidation. In order to investigate in more detail the contributions of RV in the vascular structure, we carried out the in vitro tests using four cellular types: macrophages, fibroblasts, vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. RESULTS We showed that the chronic treatment of RV at both doses reduced vascular lipid accumulation (~50%, p<0.05), probably through systemic and hepatic antioxidant effects, independent of dyslipidemia. Moreover, the in vitro assay results demonstrated that RV develops antioxidant properties on the vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells, reinforcing the protective role of RV in progression of AT. LPS-stimulated macrophages treated with RV resulted in a significant reduction of NO production in a concentration-dependent manner. CONCLUSIONS Chronic treatment with RV diminishes lipid deposition in atherosclerotic mice, which may be justified, at least in part, by antioxidant systemic and local mechanisms, reinforcing the protective role this resin in the setting of vascular lipid deposition, independent of hypercholesterolemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paola Nogueira Coutinho
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Beatriz Peters Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcella Leite Porto
- Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Arícia Leone Evangelista Monteiro de Assis
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, UFES, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Afrânio Côgo Destefani
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, UFES, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Silvana Santos Meyrelles
- Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Elisardo Corral Vasquez
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil; Laboratory of Translational Physiology, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Breno Valentim Nogueira
- Laboratory of Cellular Ultrastructure Carlos Alberto Redins (LUCCAR), Department of Morphology, UFES, Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, ES, Brazil.
| | - Tadeu Uggere de Andrade
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Denise Coutinho Endringer
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Marcio Fronza
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| | - Thiago Melo Costa Pereira
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Vila Velha University (UVV), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology (IFES), Vila Velha, ES, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Sfyri P, Matsakas A. Crossroads between peripheral atherosclerosis, western-type diet and skeletal muscle pathophysiology: emphasis on apolipoprotein E deficiency and peripheral arterial disease. J Biomed Sci 2017; 24:42. [PMID: 28688452 PMCID: PMC5502081 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-017-0346-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory process that, in the presence of hyperlipidaemia, promotes the formation of atheromatous plaques in large vessels of the cardiovascular system. It also affects peripheral arteries with major implications for a number of other non-vascular tissues such as the skeletal muscle, the liver and the kidney. The aim of this review is to critically discuss and assimilate current knowledge on the impact of peripheral atherosclerosis and its implications on skeletal muscle homeostasis. Accumulating data suggests that manifestations of peripheral atherosclerosis in skeletal muscle originates in a combination of increased i)-oxidative stress, ii)-inflammation, iii)-mitochondrial deficits, iv)-altered myofibre morphology and fibrosis, v)-chronic ischemia followed by impaired oxygen supply, vi)-reduced capillary density, vii)- proteolysis and viii)-apoptosis. These structural, biochemical and pathophysiological alterations impact on skeletal muscle metabolic and physiologic homeostasis and its capacity to generate force, which further affects the individual's quality of life. Particular emphasis is given on two major areas representing basic and applied science respectively: a)-the abundant evidence from a well-recognised atherogenic model; the Apolipoprotein E deficient mouse and the role of a western-type diet and b)-on skeletal myopathy and oxidative stress-induced myofibre damage from human studies on peripheral arterial disease. A significant source of reactive oxygen species production and oxidative stress in cardiovascular disease is the family of NADPH oxidases that contribute to several pathologies. Finally, strategies targeting NADPH oxidases in skeletal muscle in an attempt to attenuate cellular oxidative stress are highlighted, providing a better understanding of the crossroads between peripheral atherosclerosis and skeletal muscle pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Sfyri
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Antonios Matsakas
- Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Centre for Atherothrombotic & Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Marek I, Canu M, Cordasic N, Rauh M, Volkert G, Fahlbusch FB, Rascher W, Hilgers KF, Hartner A, Menendez-Castro C. Sex differences in the development of vascular and renal lesions in mice with a simultaneous deficiency of Apoe and the integrin chain Itga8. Biol Sex Differ 2017; 8:19. [PMID: 28572914 PMCID: PMC5450388 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-017-0141-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Apoe-deficient (Apoe−/−) mice develop progressive atherosclerotic lesions with age but no severe renal pathology in the absence of additional challenges. We recently described accelerated atherosclerosis as well as marked renal injury in Apoe−/− mice deficient in the mesenchymal integrin chain Itga8 (Itga8−/−). Here, we used this Apoe−/−, Itga8−/− mouse model to investigate the sex differences in the development of atherosclerosis and concomitant renal injury. We hypothesized that aging female mice are protected from vascular and renal damage in this mouse model. Methods Apoe−/− mice were backcrossed with Itga8−/− mice. Mice were kept on a normal diet. At the age of 12 months, the aortae and kidneys of male and female Apoe−/−Itga8+/+ mice or Apoe−/−Itga8−/− mice were studied. En face preparations of the aorta were stained with Sudan IV (lipid deposition) or von Kossa (calcification). In kidney tissue, immunostaining for collagen IV, CD3, F4/80, and PCNA and real-time PCR analyses for Il6, Vegfa, Col1a1 (collagen I), and Ssp1 (secreted phosphoprotein 1, synonym osteopontin) as well as ER stress markers were performed. Results When compared to male mice, Apoe−/−Itga8+/+ female mice had a lower body weight, equal serum cholesterol levels, and lower triglyceride levels. However, female mice had increased aortic lipid deposition and more aortic calcifications than males. Male Apoe−/− mice with the additional deficiency of Itga8 developed increased serum urea, glomerulosclerosis, renal immune cell infiltration, and reduced glomerular cell proliferation. In females of the same genotype, these renal changes were less pronounced and were accompanied by lower expression of interleukin-6 and collagen I, while osteopontin expression was higher and markers of ER stress were not different. Conclusions In this model of atherosclerosis, the female sex is a risk factor to develop more severe atherosclerotic lesions, even though serum fat levels are higher in males. In contrast, female mice are protected from renal damage, which is accompanied by attenuated inflammation and matrix deposition. Thus, sex affects vascular and renal injury in a differential manner. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13293-017-0141-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ines Marek
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Maurizio Canu
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nada Cordasic
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Manfred Rauh
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gudrun Volkert
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fabian B Fahlbusch
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Rascher
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl F Hilgers
- Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Andrea Hartner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carlos Menendez-Castro
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Loschgestrasse 15, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Inhibition of atherogenesis by the COP9 signalosome subunit 5 in vivo. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2017; 114:E2766-E2775. [PMID: 28292897 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1618411114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 (COP9) signalosome 5 (CSN5), an isopeptidase that removes neural precursor cell-expressed, developmentally down-regulated 8 (NEDD8) moieties from cullins (thus termed "deNEDDylase") and a subunit of the cullin-RING E3 ligase-regulating COP9 signalosome complex, attenuates proinflammatory NF-κB signaling. We previously showed that CSN5 is up-regulated in human atherosclerotic arteries. Here, we investigated the role of CSN5 in atherogenesis in vivo by using mice with myeloid-specific Csn5 deletion. Genetic deletion of Csn5 in Apoe-/- mice markedly exacerbated atherosclerotic lesion formation. This was broadly observed in aortic root, arch, and total aorta of male mice, whereas the effect was less pronounced and site-specific in females. Mechanistically, Csn5 KO potentiated NF-κB signaling and proinflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages, whereas HIF-1α levels were reduced. Inversely, inhibition of NEDDylation by MLN4924 blocked proinflammatory gene expression and NF-κB activation while enhancing HIF-1α levels and the expression of M2 marker Arginase 1 in inflammatory-elicited macrophages. MLN4924 further attenuated the expression of chemokines and adhesion molecules in endothelial cells and reduced NF-κB activation and monocyte arrest on activated endothelium in vitro. In vivo, MLN4924 reduced LPS-induced inflammation, favored an antiinflammatory macrophage phenotype, and decreased the progression of early atherosclerotic lesions in mice. On the contrary, MLN4924 treatment increased neutrophil and monocyte counts in blood and had no net effect on the progression of more advanced lesions. Our data show that CSN5 is atheroprotective. We conclude that MLN4924 may be useful in preventing early atherogenesis, whereas selectively promoting CSN5-mediated deNEDDylation may be beneficial in all stages of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
|
48
|
Santanna AF, Filete PF, Lima EM, Porto ML, Meyrelles SS, Vasquez EC, Endringer DC, Lenz D, Abdalla DS, Pereira TM, Andrade TU. Chronic administration of the soluble, nonbacterial fraction of kefir attenuates lipid deposition in LDLr −/− mice. Nutrition 2017; 35:100-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2016.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
49
|
Shibata MA, Shibata E, Maemura K, Kondo Y, Harada-Shiba M. Pathological and molecular analyses of atherosclerotic lesions in ApoE-knockout mice. Med Mol Morphol 2017; 50:130-144. [PMID: 28247010 DOI: 10.1007/s00795-017-0154-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The establishment of consistent and reliable methods for the analysis of atherosclerosis molecular pathways and for testing the efficiency of new therapeutics is of utmost importance. Here, we fed ApoE-knockout (KO) mice with high-fat diet to for 16 weeks to induce atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions in mice were methodically investigated using pathologic analyses and molecular biology tools. These lesions were histopathologically classified into three categories: early, progressive, and combined lesions. Immunohistochemical analyses showed that both F4/80 (macrophage marker) and tenascin-C are expressed in these lesions. Real-time PCR analysis conducted using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues with atherosclerotic lesions demonstrated an increase in the levels of many inflammatory chemokines, including Cxcl16, while antibody arrays performed using frozen atherosclerotic tissue samples showed elevated TIMP-1 expression. Subsequent immunohistochemical analyses showed that the expression of CXCL16, TIMP-1, MMP-9, MMP-8, and LOX-1 is localized in the atherosclerotic lesions. We confirmed that the expression of these proteins is localized to atherosclerotic lesion, which suggests their roles in the development of the lesions in ApoE-KO mice. Therefore, this mouse model represents an appropriate tool for elucidating molecular mechanisms underlying the development of atherosclerosis, and a model for the evaluation of therapeutic efficiency of novel drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masa-Aki Shibata
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan.
| | - Eiko Shibata
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1, Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Kentaro Maemura
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Yoichi Kondo
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Division of Life Sciences, Osaka Medical College, 2-7, Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki, Osaka, 569-8686, Japan
| | - Mariko Harada-Shiba
- Department of Molecular Innovation in Lipidology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1, Fujishirodai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wojtala M, Pirola L, Balcerczyk A. Modulation of the vascular endothelium functioning by dietary components, the role of epigenetics. Biofactors 2017; 43:5-16. [PMID: 27355807 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2016] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Rather than being a passive barrier between circulating blood and smooth muscle cells and the underlying tissues, the endothelium is a fundamental functional component of the vasculature, and could be viewed as the largest human endocrine gland/organ, secreting multiple pro-/antiangiogenic factors, cytokines and low-molecular-weight mediators controlling the vascular tone. The location of endothelium, at the interface between the circulation and the tissues, makes this epithelial layer particularly exposed to physical and chemical cues coming from the bloodstream. In response to such stimuli, the endothelium modulates its morphology and functions to maintain vascular homeostasis. Dietary components significantly affect the proper functioning of the endothelium. High-calories and high-fat western diets, in the long term, cause endothelial dysfunction, which is a major contributor to the development of the metabolic syndrome and its pathological consequences, including atherosclerosis, diabetes, and hypertension. On the contrary, plant-derived antioxidant molecules and polyphenols have been shown to exert beneficial effects on endothelial function. Extensive research in the last decade has clearly shown the close relationship between food intake, dietary habits, and gene expression, which is driven by the action of macro- and micronutrients on chromatin regulation. Nutrient-induced chromatin epigenetic modifications via DNA methylation and histone post-translational modifications, especially in the context of the western diet, significantly contribute to the dysregulation of endothelial functioning. Here, we review the current understanding on how dietary components (macronutrients, antioxidants), acting on epigenetic mechanisms, regulate endothelial physiology, and physiopathology. © 2016 BioFactors, 43(1):5-16, 2017.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Wojtala
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz, 90-236, Poland
| | - Luciano Pirola
- Faculty of Medicine Lyon SUD, Carmen Institute, INSERM U1060, Oullins, Cedex, France
| | - Aneta Balcerczyk
- Department of Molecular Biophysics, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, Lodz, 90-236, Poland
| |
Collapse
|