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Lunger C, Shen Z, Holcombe H, Mannion AJ, Dzink-Fox J, Kurnick S, Feng Y, Muthupalani S, Carrasco SE, Wilson KT, Peek RM, Piazuelo MB, Morgan DR, Armijo AL, Mammoliti M, Wang TC, Fox JG. Gastric coinfection with thiopeptide-positive Cutibacterium acnes decreases FOXM1 and pro-inflammatory biomarker expression in a murine model of Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric cancer. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0345023. [PMID: 38014984 PMCID: PMC10783005 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03450-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE H. pylori infects half of the world population and is the leading cause of gastric cancer. We previously demonstrated that gastric cancer risk is associated with gastric microbiota. Specifically, gastric urease-positive Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus salivarius had contrasting effects on H. pylori-associated gastric pathology and immune responses in germ-free INS-GAS mice. As gastritis progresses to gastric cancer, the oncogenic transcription factor Foxm1 becomes increasingly expressed. In this study, we evaluated the gastric commensal C. acnes, certain strains of which produce thiopeptides that directly inhibit FOXM1. Thiopeptide-positive C. acnes was isolated from Nicaraguan patient gastric biopsies and inoculated into germ-free INS-GAS mice with H. pylori. We, therefore, asked whether coinfection with C. acnes expressing thiopeptide and H. pylori would decrease gastric Foxm1 expression and pro-inflammatory cytokine mRNA and protein levels. Our study supports the growing literature that specific non-H. pylori gastric bacteria affect inflammatory and cancer biomarkers in H. pylori pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney Lunger
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zeli Shen
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hilda Holcombe
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Anthony J. Mannion
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - JoAnn Dzink-Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Susanna Kurnick
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Yan Feng
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sureshkumar Muthupalani
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sebastian E. Carrasco
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keith T. Wilson
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Richard M. Peek
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - M. Blanca Piazuelo
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Douglas R. Morgan
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Amanda L. Armijo
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Melissa Mammoliti
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Timothy C. Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Irvine Cancer Research Center, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA
| | - James G. Fox
- Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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Voigt E, Quelle DE. FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6: New Targets for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13596. [PMID: 37686402 PMCID: PMC10487994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) are deadly sarcomas, which desperately need effective therapies. Half of all MPNSTs arise in patients with neurofibromatosis type I (NF1), a common inherited disease. NF1 patients can develop benign lesions called plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs), often in adolescence, and over time, some PNFs, but not all, will transform into MPNSTs. A deeper understanding of the molecular and genetic alterations driving PNF-MPNST transformation will guide development of more targeted and effective treatments for these patients. This review focuses on an oncogenic transcription factor, FOXM1, which is a powerful oncogene in other cancers but little studied in MPNSTs. Elevated expression of FOXM1 was seen in patient MPNSTs and correlated with poor survival, but otherwise, its role in the disease is unknown. We discuss what is known about FOXM1 in MPNSTs relative to other cancers and how FOXM1 may be regulated by and/or regulate the most commonly altered players in MPNSTs, particularly in the MEK and CDK4/6 kinase pathways. We conclude by considering FOXM1, MEK, and CDK4/6 as new, clinically relevant targets for MPNST therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Voigt
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
| | - Dawn E. Quelle
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA;
- Medical Scientist Training Program, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
- Department of Pathology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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Wang WD, Shang Y, Wang C, Ni J, Wang AM, Li GJ, Su L, Chen SZ. c-FLIP promotes drug resistance in non-small-cell lung cancer cells via upregulating FoxM1 expression. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:2956-2966. [PMID: 35422085 PMCID: PMC9622852 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) protein, a transcription factor, plays critical roles in regulating tumor growth and drug resistance, while cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), an anti-apoptotic regulator, is involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. In this study, we investigated the effects of c-FLIP on the expression and ubiquitination levels of FoxM1 along with drug susceptibility in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. We first showed that the expression levels of FoxM1 and c-FLIP were increased and positively correlated (R2 = 0.1106, P < 0.0001) in 90 NSCLC samples. The survival data from prognostic analysis demonstrated that high expression of c-FLIP and/or FoxM1 was related to poor prognosis in NSCLC patients and that the combination of FoxM1 and c-FLIP could be a more precise prognostic biomarker than either alone. Then, we explored the functions of c-FLIP/FoxM1 in drug resistance in NSCLC cell lines and a xenograft mouse model in vivo. We showed that c-FLIP stabilized FoxM1 by inhibiting its ubiquitination, thus upregulated the expression of FoxM1 at post-transcriptional level. In addition, a positive feedback loop composed of FoxM1, β-catenin and p65 also participated in c-FLIP-FoxM1 axis. We revealed that c-FLIP promoted the resistance of NSCLC cells to thiostrepton and osimertinib by upregulating FoxM1. Taken together, these results reveal a new mechanism by which c-FLIP regulates FoxM1 and the function of this interaction in the development of thiostrepton and osimertinib resistance. This study provides experimental evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the c-FLIP-FoxM1 axis for lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Die Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Yue Shang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Chen Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Jun Ni
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ai-Min Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Gao-Jie Li
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ling Su
- School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Shu-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Nandi D, Cheema PS, Singal A, Bharti H, Nag A. Artemisinin Mediates Its Tumor-Suppressive Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Through Targeted Inhibition of FoxM1. Front Oncol 2021; 11:751271. [PMID: 34900697 PMCID: PMC8652299 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.751271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The aberrant up-regulation of the oncogenic transcription factor Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) is associated with tumor development, progression and metastasis in a myriad of carcinomas, thus establishing it as an attractive target for anticancer drug development. FoxM1 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma is reflective of tumor aggressiveness and recurrence, poor prognosis and low survival in patients. In our study, we have identified the antimalarial natural product, Artemisinin, to efficiently curb FoxM1 expression and activity in hepatic cancer cells, thereby exhibiting potential anticancer efficacy. Here, we demonstrated that Artemisinin considerably mitigates FoxM1 transcriptional activity by disrupting its interaction with the promoter region of its downstream targets, thereby suppressing the expression of numerous oncogenic drivers. Augmented level of FoxM1 is implicated in drug resistance of cancer cells, including hepatic tumor cells. Notably, FoxM1 overexpression rendered HCC cells poorly responsive to Artemisinin-mediated cytotoxicity while FoxM1 depletion in resistant liver cancer cells sensitized them to Artemisinin treatment, manifested in lower proliferative and growth index, drop in invasive potential and repressed expression of EMT markers with a concomitantly increased apoptosis. Moreover, Artemisinin, when used in combination with Thiostrepton, an established FoxM1 inhibitor, markedly reduced anchorage-independent growth and displayed more pronounced death in liver cancer cells. We found this effect to be evident even in the resistant HCC cells, thereby putting forth a novel combination therapy for resistant cancer patients. Altogether, our findings provide insight into the pivotal involvement of FoxM1 in the tumor suppressive activities of Artemisinin and shed light on the potential application of Artemisinin for improved therapeutic response, especially in resistant hepatic malignancies. Considering that Artemisinin compounds are in current clinical use with favorable safety profiles, the results from our study will potentiate its utility in juxtaposition with established FoxM1 inhibitors, promoting maximal therapeutic efficacy with minimal adverse effects in liver cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Aakriti Singal
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Hina Bharti
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Alo Nag
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
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Zhang YL, Ma Y, Zeng YQ, Liu Y, He EP, Liu YT, Qiao FL, Yu R, Wang YS, Wu XY, Leng P. A narrative review of research progress on FoxM1 in breast cancer carcinogenesis and therapeutics. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:1704. [PMID: 34988213 PMCID: PMC8667115 DOI: 10.21037/atm-21-5271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this review is to clarify the potential roles of forkhead box transcription factor M1 (FoxM1) in the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, as well as the predictive value of FoxM1 as a prognostic biomarker and potential therapeutic target for breast cancer. BACKGROUND Breast cancer, well-known as a molecularly heterogeneous cancer, is still one of the most frequently diagnosed malignant tumors among females worldwide. Tumor recurrence and metastasis are the central causes of high mortality in breast cancer patients. Many factors contribute to the occurrence and progression of breast cancer, including FoxM1. FoxM1, widely regarded as a classic proliferation-related transcription factor, plays pivotal roles in the occurrence, proliferation, invasion, migration, drug resistance, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) processes of multiple human tumors including breast cancer. METHODS The PubMed database was searched for articles published in English from February 2008 to May 2021 using related keywords such as "forkhead box transcription factor M1", "human breast cancer", "FoxM1", and "human tumor". About 90 research papers and reports written in English were identified, most of which were published after 2015. These papers mainly concentrated on the functions of FoxM1 in the occurrence, development, drug resistance, and treatment of human breast cancer. CONCLUSIONS Considering that the abnormal expression of FoxM1 plays a significant role in the proliferation, invasion, metastasis, and chemotherapy drug resistance of breast cancer, and its overexpression is closely correlated with the unfavorable clinicopathological characteristics of breast tumor patients, it is considerably important to comprehend the regulatory mechanism of FoxM1 in breast cancer. This will provide strong evidence for FoxM1 as a potential biomarker for the targeted treatment and prognostic evaluation of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Ling Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Emergency Department of West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Disaster Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - You-Qin Zeng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - En-Ping He
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College-Nuclear Industry 416 Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi-Tong Liu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Feng-Ling Qiao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Rong Yu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying-Shuang Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Yu Wu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-construction for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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6
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Liu C, Barger CJ, Karpf AR. FOXM1: A Multifunctional Oncoprotein and Emerging Therapeutic Target in Ovarian Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3065. [PMID: 34205406 PMCID: PMC8235333 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a member of the conserved forkhead box (FOX) transcription factor family. Over the last two decades, FOXM1 has emerged as a multifunctional oncoprotein and a robust biomarker of poor prognosis in many human malignancies. In this review article, we address the current knowledge regarding the mechanisms of regulation and oncogenic functions of FOXM1, particularly in the context of ovarian cancer. FOXM1 and its associated oncogenic transcriptional signature are enriched in >85% of ovarian cancer cases and FOXM1 expression and activity can be enhanced by a plethora of genomic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational mechanisms. As a master transcriptional regulator, FOXM1 promotes critical oncogenic phenotypes in ovarian cancer, including: (1) cell proliferation, (2) invasion and metastasis, (3) chemotherapy resistance, (4) cancer stem cell (CSC) properties, (5) genomic instability, and (6) altered cellular metabolism. We additionally discuss the evidence for FOXM1 as a cancer biomarker, describe the rationale for FOXM1 as a cancer therapeutic target, and provide an overview of therapeutic strategies used to target FOXM1 for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Adam R. Karpf
- Eppley Institute and Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68918-6805, USA; (C.L.); (C.J.B.)
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7
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Hsu CC, Liao WY, Chang KY, Chan TS, Huang PJ, Chiang CT, Shan YS, Cheng LH, Liao TY, Tsai KK. A multi-mode Wnt- and stemness-regulatory module dictated by FOXM1 and ASPM isoform I in gastric cancer. Gastric Cancer 2021; 24:624-639. [PMID: 33515163 DOI: 10.1007/s10120-020-01154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer mortality globally and a molecularly heterogeneous disease. Identifying the driver pathways in GC progression is crucial to improving the clinical outcome. Recent studies identified ASPM (abnormal spindle-like microcephaly-associated) and FOXM1 (Forkhead box protein M1) as novel Wnt and cancer stem cell (CSC) regulators; their pathogenetic roles and potential crosstalks in GC remain unclarified. METHODS The expression patterns of ASPM isoforms and FOXM1 were profiled in normal gastric epithelial and GC tissues. The functional roles of ASPM and FOXM1 in Wnt activity, cancer stemness and GC progression, and the underlying signaling processes were investigated. RESULTS Approximately one third of GC cells upregulate the expression of ASPM isoform I (ASPMiI) in their cytoplasm; the tumors with a high ASPMiI positive score (≥ 10%) are associated with a poor prognosis of the patients. Mechanistically, the molecular interplay among FOXM1, ASPMiI and DVL3 was found to converge on β-catenin to control the Wnt activity and the stemness property of GC cells. This multi-mode Wnt-regulatory module serves to reinforce Wnt signals in CSCs by transcriptional regulation (FOXM1-ASPM), protein-protein interactions (ASPMiI-DVL3-β-catenin), and nuclear translocation (FOXM1-β-catenin). CONCLUSIONS This study illuminates a novel Wnt- and stemness-regulatory mechanism in GC cells and identifies a novel subset of FOXM1highASPMiIhigh GC with potential to guide Wnt- and stemness-related diagnostics and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chung-Chi Hsu
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung City, 824410, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Ying Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Kwang-Yu Chang
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRIs), Tainan City, 704016, Taiwan
| | - Tze-Sian Chan
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jui Huang
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Chiang
- Department of Pathology, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, 704302, Taiwan
| | - Yan-Shen Shan
- Department of Surgery, National Cheng-Kung University Hospital, Tainan City, 704302, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Hsin Cheng
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Tai-Yan Liao
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan
| | - Kelvin K Tsai
- Laboratory of Advanced Molecular Therapeutics, Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Xinyi Dist., Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes (NHRIs), Tainan City, 704016, Taiwan.
- Division of Gastroenterology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- Integrative Therapy Center for Gastroenterological Cancers, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
- TMU and Affiliated Hospitals Pancreatic Cancer Group, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City, 110301, Taiwan.
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Deregulation of extracellular matrix modeling with molecular prognostic markers revealed by transcriptome sequencing and validations in Oral Tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Sci Rep 2021; 11:250. [PMID: 33420101 PMCID: PMC7794513 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-78624-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral Tongue Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OTSCC), a distinct sub-group of head and neck cancers, is characteristically aggressive in nature with a higher incidence of recurrence and metastasis. Recent advances in therapeutics have not improved patient survival. The phenomenon of occult node metastasis, even among the purportedly good prognosis group of early-stage and node-negative tongue tumors, leads to a high incidence of locoregional failure in OTSCC which needs to be addressed. In the current study, transcriptome analysis of OTSCC patients identified the key genes and deregulated pathways. A panel of 26 marker genes was shortlisted and validated using real-time PCR in a prospective cohort of 100 patients. The gene expression was correlated with clinicopathological features including occult node metastasis, survival, and therapeutic outcome. The up-regulation of a panel of 6 genes namely, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), Laminin subunit Gamma 2 (LAMC2), Desmoglein 2 (DSG2), Plasminogen Activator Urokinase (PLAU), Forkhead Box M1 (FOXM1), and Myosin 1B (MYO1B) was associated with failure of treatment in the early stage (T1, T2). Up-regulation of Tenacin C (TNC) and Podoplanin (PDPN) was significantly correlated with occult node positivity. Immunohistochemical analysis of LAMC2, MMP9, and E-Cadherin (ECAD) confirmed these markers to be indicators of poor prognosis. We propose this panel of valuable prognostic markers can be clinically useful to identify poor prognosis and occult node metastasis in OTSCC patients.
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Xing S, Tian Z, Zheng W, Yang W, Du N, Gu Y, Yin J, Liu H, Jia X, Huang D, Liu W, Deng M. Hypoxia downregulated miR-4521 suppresses gastric carcinoma progression through regulation of IGF2 and FOXM1. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:9. [PMID: 33407516 PMCID: PMC7786912 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01295-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND MicroRNAs (miRNAs) show considerable promise as therapeutic agents to improve tumor treatment, as they have been revealed as crucial modulators in tumor progression. However, our understanding of their roles in gastric carcinoma (GC) metastasis is limited. Here, we aimed to identify novel miRNAs involved in GC metastasis and explored their regulatory mechanisms and therapeutic significance in GC. METHODS The microRNA expression profiles of GC tumors at different stages and at different metastasis statuses were compared respectively using the stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) miRNASeq dataset in TCGA. Using the above method, miR-4521 was picked out for further study. miR-4521 expression in GC tissues was examined by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and in situ hybridization (ISH). Highly and lowly invasive cell sublines were established using a repetitive transwell assay. Gain-of-function and loss-of-function analyses were performed to investigate the functions of miR-4521 and its upstream and downstream regulatory mechanisms in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, we investigated the therapeutic role of miR-4521 in a mouse xenograft model. RESULTS In this study, we found that miR-4521 expression was downregulated in GC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues and that its downregulation was positively correlated with advanced clinical stage, metastasis status and poor patient prognosis. Functional experiments revealed that miR-4521 inhibited GC cell invasion and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Further studies showed that hypoxia repressed miR-4521 expression via inducing ETS1 and miR-4521 mitigated hypoxia-mediated metastasis, while miR-4521 inactivated the AKT/GSK3β/Snai1 pathway by targeting IGF2 and FOXM1, thereby inhibiting the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process and metastasis. In addition, we demonstrated that therapeutic delivery of synthetic miR-4521 suppressed gastric carcinoma progression in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest an important role for miR-4521 in regulating GC metastasis and hypoxic response of tumor cells as well as the therapeutic significance of this miRNA in GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan Xing
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhi Tian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Taneja College of Pharmacy, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA
| | - Wenying Zheng
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Wenjuan Yang
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Nan Du
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Yixue Gu
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Jiang Yin
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Xiaoting Jia
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China
| | - Donglan Huang
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
| | - Wanli Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
| | - Min Deng
- Affiliated Cancer Hosipital & Institute of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of "Translational Medicine on Malignant Tumor Treatment", No.78, Hengzhigang Road, Guangzhou, 510095, China.
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10
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Briest F, Koziolek EJ, Albrecht J, Schmidt F, Bernsen MR, Haeck J, Kühl AA, Sedding D, Hartung T, Exner S, Welzel M, Fischer C, Grötzinger C, Brenner W, Baum RP, Grabowski P. Does the proteasome inhibitor bortezomib sensitize to DNA-damaging therapy in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms? - A preclinical assessment in vitro and in vivo. Neoplasia 2020; 23:80-98. [PMID: 33246310 PMCID: PMC7701025 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2020] [Revised: 11/01/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Well-differentiated gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms are rare tumors with a slow proliferation. They are virtually resistant to many DNA-damaging therapeutic approaches, such as chemo- and external beam therapy, which might be overcome by DNA damage inhibition induced by proteasome inhibitors such as bortezomib. METHODS AND RESULTS In this study, we assessed several combined treatment modalities in vitro and in vivo. By cell-based functional analyses, in a 3D in ovo and an orthotopic mouse model, we demonstrated sensitizing effects of bortezomib combined with cisplatin, radiation and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). By gene expression profiling and western blot, we explored the underlying mechanisms, which resulted in an impaired DNA damage repair. Therapy-induced DNA damage triggered extrinsic proapoptotic signaling as well as the induction of cell cycle arrest, leading to a decreased vital tumor volume and altered tissue composition shown by magnetic resonance imaging and F-18-FDG-PET in vivo, however with no significant additional benefit related to PRRT alone. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated that bortezomib has short-term sensitizing effects when combined with DNA damaging therapy by interfering with DNA repair in vitro and in ovo. Nevertheless, due to high tumor heterogeneity after PRRT in long-term observations, we were not able to prove a therapeutic advantage of bortezomib-combined PRRT in an in vivo mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Briest
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Biology, Chemistry, and Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität (FU) Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Eva J Koziolek
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jakob Albrecht
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany
| | - Fränze Schmidt
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany; Institute for Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University (MLU) Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | | | - Joost Haeck
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anja A Kühl
- iPATH.Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin
| | - Dagmar Sedding
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Institute of Biology, Humboldt-Universität (HU) Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Teresa Hartung
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Samantha Exner
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center, Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martina Welzel
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Fischer
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrück Center (MDC) for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten Grötzinger
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology and Molecular Cancer Research Center, Tumor Targeting Laboratory, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Winfried Brenner
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin Germany; Berlin Experimental Radionuclide Imaging Center (BERIC), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard P Baum
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany; CURANOSTICUM Wiesbaden-Frankfurt, DKD Helios Clinic, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - Patricia Grabowski
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany; Department of Gastroenterology and Endocrinology, Zentralklinik Bad Berka GmbH, Bad Berka, Germany; Department of Medical Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Lin JZ, Wang WW, Hu TT, Zhu GY, Li LN, Zhang CY, Xu Z, Yu HB, Wu HF, Zhu JG. FOXM1 contributes to docetaxel resistance in castration-resistant prostate cancer by inducing AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy. Cancer Lett 2020; 469:481-489. [PMID: 31738958 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2019.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Docetaxel-mediated chemotherapy is the first line therapy for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) patients, but its therapeutic benefit is limited by the development of resistance. Although Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) has been implicated in prostate tumorigenesis and metastasis, its role in docetaxel resistance has not been studied. Here, we showed that FOXM1 expression was upregulated in the docetaxel resistant CRPC cell lines (PC3-DR and VCaP-DR) and knockdown of FOXM1 sensitized the cells to docetaxel both in vitro and in vivo. In addition, autophagy was found to be significantly enhanced in resistant cells. Moreover, FOXM1 overexpression cells showed increased autophagic flux and higher numbers of autophagosomes. Knockdown of ATG7, beclin-1 or cotreatment with chloroquine, partly restored sensitivity to docetaxel in the FOXM1-overexpressing cells. Mechanistically, FOXM1 targeted AMPK/mTOR to activate the autophagy pathway and altered docetaxel response in CRPC. These findings identify the role of FOXM1 as well as the mechanism underlying FOXM1 action in docetaxel sensitivity and may, therefore, aid in design of CRPC therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Zhong Lin
- Department of Urology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China.
| | - Wei-Wan Wang
- Department of Central Laboratory, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Ting-Ting Hu
- Department of Oncology, The First Clinical Medical College, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Gang-Yi Zhu
- Department of Central Laboratory, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Li-Nan Li
- Department of Oncology, Academy of Pediatrics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Cheng-Yang Zhang
- Department of Central Laboratory, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, China
| | - Hong-Bo Yu
- Department of Urology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Hong-Fei Wu
- Department of Urology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210019, China
| | - Jia-Geng Zhu
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210006, China.
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12
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Anti-tumor activity of neratinib, a pan-HER inhibitor, in gastric adenocarcinoma cells. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 863:172705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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13
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Song Z, Li J, Zhang L, Deng J, Fang Z, Xiang X, Xiong J. UCHL3 promotes pancreatic cancer progression and chemo-resistance through FOXM1 stabilization. Am J Cancer Res 2019; 9:1970-1981. [PMID: 31598398 PMCID: PMC6780670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The dysregulation of deubiquitinating enzymes has been reported to be important in the development of many human cancers, including pancreatic cancer. However, the precise role and potential mechanism of action of the deubiquitinating enzyme UCHL3 in pancreatic cancer progression and chemo-resistance, are poorly elucidated. In the current study, the consequences of UCHL3 knockdown in pancreatic cancer cells were evaluated via cell viability and colony formation assays. In vivo experiments were also conducted to confirm the effect of UCHL3 and FOXM1 depletion on tumor growth in nude mouse xenograft models. Cell migration and invasion were assessed by wound-healing and transwell assays, respectively. Co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP) and in vitro deubiquitination assays were performed to investigate the interactions between UCHL3 and FOXM1. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was utilized to examine the expression of UCHL3 and FOXM1 in pancreatic cancer tissues. Our results demonstrate that UCHL3 deubiquitinated and stabilized FOXM1, thereby potentiating proliferation, migration, and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells. Furthermore, knockdown of UCHL3 increased FOXM1 ubiquitination, which enhanced FOXM1 turnover and promoted pancreatic cancer cells' sensitivity to gemcitabine. High UCHL3 expression was positively associated with FOXM1 expression level in pancreatic cancer patient samples. Collectively, our study established the UCHL3-FOXM1 axis as a pivotal driver of pancreatic cancer progression and gemcitabine resistance and provided evidence for the potential therapeutic benefit of targeting the UCHL3-FOXM1 axis for pancreatic cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwang Song
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Junhe Li
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Deng
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziling Fang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojun Xiang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianping Xiong
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China
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14
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Zhang D, Wu JR, Duan XJ, Wang KH, Zhao Y, Ni MW, Liu SY, Zhang XM, Zhang B. A Bayesian Network Meta-Analysis for Identifying the Optimal Taxane-Based Chemotherapy Regimens for Treating Gastric Cancer. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:717. [PMID: 31333452 PMCID: PMC6624233 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Several taxane-based chemotherapy regimens are effective in the treatment of gastric cancer; nevertheless, their comparative efficacy and safety remain disputed. This network meta-analysis (NMA) was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of different taxane-based chemotherapy regimens against gastric cancer. Methods: A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in multiple electronic databases. A Bayesian NMA was performed to combine the direct and indirect evidence and estimate the comparative efficacy and safety of different taxane-based chemotherapy regimens simultaneously by utilizing WinBUGS 1.4.3 and Stata 13.1 software. The efficacy outcomes included overall survival rate (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall response rate (ORR), and the safety outcomes were adverse reactions (ADRs), namely, neutropenia, leucopenia, vomiting, and fatigue. Results: A total of 37 RCTs were identified involving 7,178 patients with gastric cancer, and 10 taxane-based chemotherapy regimens (RT, T, TC, TCF, TF, TO, TOF, mTCF, mTF, and mTOF) were collected in gastric cancer therapy. According to the results of cluster analysis, compared with other taxane-based chemotherapy regimens, the regimens of TOF, mTCF, and TF were associated with the most favorable clinical efficacy in improving OS, PFS, and ORR. On the other hand, the regimens of T and mTF had the potential to be the most tolerable and acceptable therapeutic alternative in terms of ADRs. Conclusions: The current NMA provides the evidence that the combination of taxanes (paclitaxel or docetaxel) and fluorouracil is associated with the most preferable and beneficial option for patients with gastric cancer, although additional results from multicenter trials and high-quality studies will be pivotal for supporting our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Rui Wu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Duan
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Kai-Huan Wang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Meng-Wei Ni
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Yu Liu
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Meng Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Clinical Chinese Pharmacy, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
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15
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Shukla S, Milewski D, Pradhan A, Rama N, Rice K, Le T, Flick MJ, Vaz S, Zhao X, Setchell KD, Logarinho E, Kalinichenko VV, Kalin TV. The FOXM1 Inhibitor RCM-1 Decreases Carcinogenesis and Nuclear β-Catenin. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1217-1229. [PMID: 31040162 PMCID: PMC7341442 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-18-0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The oncogenic transcription factor FOXM1 has been previously shown to play a critical role in carcinogenesis by inducing cellular proliferation in multiple cancer types. A small-molecule compound, Robert Costa Memorial drug-1 (RCM-1), has been recently identified from high-throughput screen as an inhibitor of FOXM1 in vitro and in mouse model of allergen-mediated lung inflammation. In the present study, we examined antitumor activities of RCM-1 using tumor models. Treatment with RCM-1 inhibited tumor cell proliferation as evidenced by increased cell-cycle duration. Confocal imaging of RCM-1-treated tumor cells indicated that delay in cellular proliferation was concordant with inhibition of FOXM1 nuclear localization in these cells. RCM-1 reduced the formation and growth of tumor cell colonies in the colony formation assay. In animal models, RCM-1 treatment inhibited growth of mouse rhabdomyosarcoma Rd76-9, melanoma B16-F10, and human H2122 lung adenocarcinoma. RCM-1 decreased FOXM1 protein in the tumors, reduced tumor cell proliferation, and increased tumor cell apoptosis. RCM-1 decreased protein levels and nuclear localization of β-catenin, and inhibited protein-protein interaction between β-catenin and FOXM1 in cultured tumor cells and in vivo Altogether, our study provides important evidence of antitumor potential of the small-molecule compound RCM-1, suggesting that RCM-1 can be a promising candidate for anticancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samriddhi Shukla
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - David Milewski
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Arun Pradhan
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Nihar Rama
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kathryn Rice
- College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tien Le
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Matthew J Flick
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Sara Vaz
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, Porto, Portugal
| | - Xueheng Zhao
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Kenneth D Setchell
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Elsa Logarinho
- Instituto de Biologia Molecular e Celular (IBMC), Instituto de Inovação e Investigação em Saúde (i3S), Universidade do Porto, Rua Alfredo Allen, Porto, Portugal
| | - Vladimir V Kalinichenko
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
- Center for Lung Regenerative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio
| | - Tanya V Kalin
- Perinatal Institute, Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio.
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16
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Chen ZX, Zou XP, Yan HQ, Zhang R, Pang JS, Qin XG, He RQ, Ma J, Feng ZB, Chen G, Gan TQ. Identification of putative drugs for gastric adenocarcinoma utilizing differentially expressed genes and connectivity map. Mol Med Rep 2018; 19:1004-1015. [PMID: 30569111 PMCID: PMC6323227 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) is a challenging disease with dim prognosis even after surgery; hence, novel treatments for GAC are in urgent need. The aim of the present study was to explore new potential compounds interfering with the key pathways related to GAC progression. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GAC and adjacent tissues were identified from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database. Connectivity Map (CMap) was performed to screen candidate compounds for treating GAC. Subsequently, pathways affected by compounds were overlapped with those enriched by the DEGs to further identify compounds which had anti-GAC potential. A total of 843 DEGs of GAC were identified. Via Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis, 13 pathways were significantly enriched. Moreover, 78 compounds with markedly negative correlations with DEGs were revealed in CMap database (P<0.05 and Enrichment <0). Subpathways of cell cycle and p53 signaling pathways, and core genes of these compounds, cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and CDC6, were identified. This study further revealed seven compounds that may be effective against GAC; in particular methylbenzethonium chloride and alexidine have never yet been reported for GAC treatment. In brief, the candidate drugs identified in this study may provide new options to improve the treatment of patients with GAC. However, the biological effects of these drugs need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zu-Xuan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ping Zou
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Huang-Qun Yan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Shu Pang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Xin-Gan Qin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
| | - Ting-Qing Gan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, P.R. China
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17
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Liu L, Wu J, Guo Y, Xie W, Chen B, Zhang Y, Li S, Hua Y, Peng B, Shen S. Overexpression of FoxM1 predicts poor prognosis of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 10:4120-4140. [PMID: 30580327 PMCID: PMC6326658 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
FoxM1 is an oncoprotein that is significantly overexpressed in many malignancies including hepatocellular carcinoma, but its role in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remains unclear. This study explores the expression of FoxM1 in human ICC, its relationships with clinical outcomes, and its role in the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ICC in vitro and in vivo. The results show that FoxM1 was markedly elevated in tumor tissues versus the paired peritumoral tissues. Overexpression of FoxM1 was correlated with multiple tumor nodules, tumor size > 5 cm, positive lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. Cox analysis revealed that overexpression of FoxM1 is an independent prognostic indicator for both the overall survival and disease-free survival of ICC patients after hepatectomy. Furthermore, up/downregulation of FoxM1 markedly promoted/inhibited ICC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro and in vivo. Bioinformatic analysis indicated that overexpression of FoxM1 resulted in the dysregulation of multiple signaling pathways in ICC, and selected components of some key signaling pathways such as c-Myc signaling were confirmed in vitro. In addition, overexpression of FoxM1 enhanced MMP-9 and MMP-2 protein expression in ICC cells. In conclusion, FoxM1 promotes ICC progression and is a reliable predictor of poor prognosis in ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Liu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541000, Guangxi, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Yu Guo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
- Equal contribution
| | - Wenxuan Xie
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunpeng Hua
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Baogang Peng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, Guangdong, China
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18
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Yao Y, Wang X, Jiang L, Shao X, Zhu X, He S. Prognostic and clinicopathological value of FoxM1 expression in colorectal cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e13899. [PMID: 30593202 PMCID: PMC6314739 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000013899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study aims to assess the relationship between FoxM1 expression and clinicopathological parameters and prognosis of patients diagnosed with colorectal cancer (CRC) by summarizing the studies included. METHODS PubMed, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library and other sources were searched for relative studies. Odds ratio (OR) and confidence interval (CI) were used to assess association between FoxM1 expression and clinical parameters and prognosis of CRC patients. RESULTS Eight studies were included in the final analysis, with 1149 CRC patients. The outcome revealed that expression of FoxM1 was associated with lymph node metastasis (OR = 0.33, 95%CI = 0.19-0.62, P < .001), distant metastasis (OR = 0.35, 95%CI = 0.24-0.46, P < .001) and tumor node metastasis (TNM) stage (OR = 0.45, 95%CI = 0.29-0.72, P < .001). Meanwhile, reduced FoxM1 expression indicated higher 5-year survival rate (OR = 0.38, 95%CI = 0.18-0.78, P = .01). Expression of FoxM1 was also increased obviously in CRC tissues (OR = 13.04, 95%CI = 4.07-41.71, P < .001). CONCLUSION This pooled analysis indicated that FoxM1 expression related to lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis, TNM stage and poor prognosis of the CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizhou Yao
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Xuchao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Linhua Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Xinyu Shao
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinguo Zhu
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
| | - Songbing He
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University
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19
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Harada K, Ferdous T, Minami H, Mishima K. Prognostic significance of FOXM1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients treated by docetaxel-containing regimens. Mol Clin Oncol 2018; 10:29-36. [PMID: 30655974 PMCID: PMC6314082 DOI: 10.3892/mco.2018.1770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is an oncoprotein that is involved in cell proliferation, differentiation and aging, and overexpression of FOXM1 is thought to be associated with the development and progression of various types of cancer. The expression of FOXM1 was retrospectively examined in tumor tissues taken from 56 oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) patients by immunohistochemical staining. All of these patients received docetaxel (Doc)-containing regimens as treatments against OSCC. The association between FOXM1 expression and the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of these patients was then examined. FOXM1 was expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of OSCC tissues samples. There was a significant association between FOXM1 expression in tumor tissues and N classification (P=0.0395), stage (P=0.004), therapeutic efficacy (P=0.0113) and outcome (P=0.0134) of patients. However, FOXM1 expression had no association with patients' sex, age or T classification. Additionally, high expression of FOXM1 in tumor cells was associated with a shorter overall survival (P=0.0257) of patients. Multivariate analysis also revealed that elevated expression of FOXM1 was a predictor of patients' poor survival (P=0.0327). The results suggested that high expression of FOXM1 in OSCC tumors may result in reduced therapeutic effects and poor clinical outcomes of patients receiving Doc-based treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koji Harada
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Tarannum Ferdous
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Haruyasu Minami
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
| | - Katsuaki Mishima
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan
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20
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Bach DH, Long NP, Luu TTT, Anh NH, Kwon SW, Lee SK. The Dominant Role of Forkhead Box Proteins in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3279. [PMID: 30360388 PMCID: PMC6213973 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are multifaceted transcription factors that are significantly implicated in cancer, with various critical roles in biological processes. Herein, we provide an overview of several key members of the FOXA, FOXC, FOXM1, FOXO and FOXP subfamilies. Important pathophysiological processes of FOX transcription factors at multiple levels in a context-dependent manner are discussed. We also specifically summarize some major aspects of FOX transcription factors in association with cancer research such as drug resistance, tumor growth, genomic alterations or drivers of initiation. Finally, we suggest that targeting FOX proteins may be a potential therapeutic strategy to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duc-Hiep Bach
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | | | | | - Nguyen Hoang Anh
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
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21
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Breyer J, Wirtz RM, Erben P, Rinaldetti S, Worst TS, Stoehr R, Eckstein M, Sikic D, Denzinger S, Burger M, Hartmann A, Otto W. FOXM1 overexpression is associated with adverse outcome and predicts response to intravesical instillation therapy in stage pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. BJU Int 2018; 123:187-196. [PMID: 30120861 DOI: 10.1111/bju.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role of forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) mRNA expression and its prognostic value in stage pT1 non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical data and formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues from transurethral resection of the bladder from patients with stage pT1 NMIBC, treated with an organ-preserving approach, were analysed retrospectively. Total RNA was isolated using commercial RNA extraction kits, and mRNA expression of FOXM1, MKI67, KRT20 and KRT5 was measured by single-step quantitative RT-PCR using RNA-specific TaqMan Assays. Statistical analysis was performed using Spearman's Rho, Wilcoxon or Kruskal-Wallis tests, Kaplan-Meier estimates of recurrence-free (RFS), progression-free (PFS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) and Cox regression analysis. RESULTS Data from 296 patients (79.4% men, median age 72 years) were available for the final evaluation. Spearman correlation analysis showed that mRNA expression of FOXM1 was significantly correlated with MKI67 (ρ: 0.6530, P < 0.001) and with the luminal subtype, reflected by the positive correlation with KRT20 (ρ: 0.2113, P < 0.001). Furthermore, there was also a strong correlation of FOXM1 expression with adverse clinical and pathological variables, such as concomitant carcinoma in situ (P = 0.05), multifocal tumours (P = 0.005) and World Health Organization 1973 grade 3 disease (P < 0.001). Kaplan-Meier analysis showed overexpression of FOMX1 to be associated with worse PFS (P = 0.028) and worse CSS (P = 0.015). FOXM1 overexpression was also shown to be a predictive risk factor for CSS (hazard ratio 1.61 [1.13-2.34], L-R chi-squared: 7.19, P = 0.007). FOXM1 overexpression identified a subgroup of patients within the luminal subtype with worse RFS (P = 0.017), PFS (P < 0.001) and CSS (P = 0.015). Patients with low FOXM1 expression had better outcomes, irrespective of instillation therapy, whereas patients with high FOXM1 expression benefitted from intravesical chemotherapy with mitomycin C. CONCLUSION High FOXM1 expression was associated with adverse clinical and pathological features and worse outcomes, and predicted response to intravesical instillation therapy in patients with stage pT1 NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Ralph M Wirtz
- STRATIFYER Molecular Pathology GmbH, Cologne, Germany.,Institute of Pathology, St Elisabeth Hospital Köln-Hohenlind, Cologne, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Sebastien Rinaldetti
- Department of Haematology and Oncology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas S Worst
- Department of Urology, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University Medical Centre Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Robert Stoehr
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Danijel Sikic
- Department of Urology and Paediatric Urology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Denzinger
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maximilian Burger
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, Caritas St. Josef Medical Centre, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
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22
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Li P, Rios Coronado PE, Longstaff XRR, Tarashansky AJ, Wang B. Nanomedicine Approaches Against Parasitic Worm Infections. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1701494. [PMID: 29602254 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201701494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nanomedicine approaches have the potential to transform the battle against parasitic worm (helminth) infections, a major global health scourge from which billions are currently suffering. It is anticipated that the intersection of two currently disparate fields, nanomedicine and helminth biology, will constitute a new frontier in science and technology. This progress report surveys current innovations in these research fields and discusses research opportunities. In particular, the focus is on: (1) major challenges that helminth infections impose on mankind; (2) key aspects of helminth biology that inform future research directions; (3) efforts to construct nanodelivery platforms to target drugs and genes to helminths hidden in their hosts; (4) attempts in applying nanotechnology to enable vaccination against helminth infections; (5) outlooks in utilizing nanoparticles to enhance immunomodulatory activities of worm-derived factors to cure allergy and autoimmune diseases. In each section, achievements are summarized, limitations are explored, and future directions are assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengyang Li
- Department of Bioengineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
| | | | | | | | - Bo Wang
- Department of Bioengineering; Stanford University; Stanford CA 94305 USA
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23
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Rinaldetti S, Wirtz RM, Worst TS, Eckstein M, Weiss CA, Breyer J, Otto W, Bolenz C, Hartmann A, Erben P. FOXM1 predicts overall and disease specific survival in muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma and presents a differential expression between bladder cancer subtypes. Oncotarget 2018; 8:47595-47606. [PMID: 28498805 PMCID: PMC5564590 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.17394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is a late cell cycle gene that plays a crucial role in carcinogenesis and chemotherapeutic drug resistance. In this study, the impact of FOXM1 expression on patient outcome was investigated for the first time in formalin fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) samples of chemotherapy naïve muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients. Expression analyses were performed on the Mannheim cohort (n=84) and validated on the independent Chungbuk cohort (n=61). In a Cox’ proportional hazards model, a distinct FOXM1 expression cut-off dividing both cohorts in a ‘high-risk’ and ‘low-risk’ group has been determined. Multivariate analyses showed that FOXM1 is an independent risk factor for outcome prediction superior to the TNM system. The FOXM1 ‘high-risk’ group had a 4- to 7-fold increased risk of death (p<0.03) and presented further an overexpression of MKI67. Recent studies showed that MIBCs can be subclassified in breast cancer-like subtypes: basal, luminal and p53-like. Here we demonstrated that FOXM1 was differentially expressed between MIBC subtypes concordant to its subtype specific expression in breast cancer. Since the proto-oncogene FOXM1 is known to play an important role in cisplatin resistance and to be a promising drug target, this study supports FOXM1 as a crucial biomarker in the personalization of MIBC therapy and urges prospective translational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastien Rinaldetti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Stefan Worst
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Institute of Pathology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cleo Aaron Weiss
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Johannes Breyer
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Otto
- Department of Urology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Arndt Hartmann
- Institute of Pathology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Erben
- Department of Urology, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
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24
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Xie T, Geng J, Wang Y, Wang L, Huang M, Chen J, Zhang K, Xue L, Liu X, Mao X, Chen Y, Wang Q, Dai T, Ren L, Yu H, Wang R, Chen L, Chen C, Chu X. FOXM1 evokes 5-fluorouracil resistance in colorectal cancer depending on ABCC10. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8574-8589. [PMID: 28051999 PMCID: PMC5352423 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) is the most commonly used chemotherapeutic agent for colorectal cancer (CRC). However, frequently occurred 5-FU resistance poses a great challenge in the clinic. Elucidating the underlying mechanisms and developing effective strategies against 5-FU resistance are highly desired. Here we identified the upregulation of FOXM1 in 5-FU nonresponsive CRC patients by gene expression profile analysis and 5-FU-resistant CRC cells by qRT-PCR assay. Silencing of FOXM1 promoted the sensitivity of CRC cells to 5-FU by enhancing cell apoptosis, while overexpression of FOXM1 conferred CRC cells with 5-FU resistance both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, we showed that genetic and pharmacological inhibition of FOXM1 resensitized resistant CRC cells to 5-FU treatment. Mechanistically, FOXM1 promoted the transcription of ABCC10 by directly binding to its promoter region. Notably, treatment with ABCC10 inhibitor reversed FOXM1-induced resistance to 5-FU in vivo. Clinical investigation revealed that the levels of FOXM1 and ABCC10 were positively correlated in CRC tissues. Therefore, FOXM1 promotes 5-FU resistance by upregulating ABCC10, suggesting that FOXM1/ABCC10 axis may serve as a potential therapeutic target for 5-FU resistance in CRC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Xie
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jian Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Ye Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Liya Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Mengxi Huang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Lijun Xue
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiaobei Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiaobei Mao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Yanan Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Tingting Dai
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Lili Ren
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Hongju Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Longbang Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Chu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, Nanjing Clinical School of Southern Medical University, Nanjing 210002, China.,Department of Medical Oncology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, China
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25
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Fang W, Qian J, Wu Q, Chen Y, Yu G. ADAM-17 expression is enhanced by FoxM1 and is a poor prognostic sign in gastric carcinoma. J Surg Res 2017; 220:223-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2017.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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26
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Lu M, Hu K. Correlation of HER2 and FOXM1 in human colorectal carcinoma and its clinical significance. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:11624-11634. [PMID: 31966520 PMCID: PMC6966020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) and transcription factor forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) are proto-oncogenes and have expressed in various kinds of human solid malignancies. However, the clinical significance of HER2 and FOXM1 in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains controversial, and there is no related report of the connection between HER2 and FOXM1 in colorectal cancer. This study aims to investigate the clinical values based on the connection of HER2 with FOXM1 in colorectal cancer. MATERIAL/METHODS We retrospectively investigated HER2 and FOXM1 expressions of 130 paraffin embedded CRC and their adjacent paraneoplastic tissues through immunohistochemical assay. Western blot and RT-PCR assays were applied to measure the relative expressions of HER2 and FOXM1 in mRNA and the protein levels of 30 fresh CRC and the adjacent paraneoplastic tissues. RESULTS HER2 and FOXM1 expressions were significantly higher in colorectal cancer than those in paraneoplastic tissues (P<0.001). Similarly, the relative expression levels of HER2 and FOXM1 in mRNA and protein were also significantly higher in CRC tissues than those in paraneoplastic tissues (P<0.05). The HER2 expression was closely correlated with tumor size, degree of differentiation, presence of vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastases, advanced TNM stage, and prognosis (P<0.05). The FOXM1 expression was related to tumor invasion, vascular invasion, lymph node metastasis, distant metastases, TNM stage, and prognosis (P<0.05). Besides, FOXM1 was an independent prognostic factor in CRC. There was a significant correlation between FOXM1 and HER2 expressions in colorectal cancer (r=0.335; P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS The overexpressions of HER2 and FOXM1 protein in colorectal cancer correlate with their clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis. HER2 and FOXM1 are important diagnostic markers for colorectal cancer. Furthermore, FOXM1 may be a potential target for therapy especially in HER2-targeted therapy-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Kongwang Hu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University Hefei, Anhui Province, China
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27
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Lulla AR, Slifker MJ, Zhou Y, Lev A, Einarson MB, Dicker DT, El-Deiry WS. miR-6883 Family miRNAs Target CDK4/6 to Induce G 1 Phase Cell-Cycle Arrest in Colon Cancer Cells. Cancer Res 2017; 77:6902-6913. [PMID: 29061672 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CDK4/6 targeting is a promising therapeutic strategy under development for various tumor types. In this study, we used computational methods and The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset analysis to identify novel miRNAs that target CDK4/6 and exhibit potential for therapeutic development in colorectal cancer. The 3'UTR of CDK4/6 mRNAs are targeted by a family of miRNAs, which includes miR-6883-5p, miR-149*, miR-6785-5p, and miR-4728-5p. Ectopic expression of miR-6883-5p or miR-149* downregulated CDK4 and CDK6 levels in human colorectal cancer cells. RNA-seq analysis revealed an inverse relationship between the expression of CDK4/6 and miR-149* and intronic miRNA-6883-5p encoding the clock gene PER1 in colorectal cancer patient samples. Restoring expression of miR-6883-5p and miR-149* blocked cell growth leading to G0-G1 phase cell-cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells. CDK4/6 targeting by miR-6883-5p and miR-149* could only partially explain the observed antiproliferative effects. Notably, both miRNAs synergized with the frontline colorectal cancer chemotherapy drug irinotecan. Further, they resensitized mutant p53-expressing cell lines resistant to 5-fluorouracil. Taken together, our results established the foundations of a candidate miRNA-based theranostic strategy to improve colorectal cancer management. Cancer Res; 77(24); 6902-13. ©2017 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amriti R Lulla
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Yan Zhou
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Avital Lev
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | | | - Wafik S El-Deiry
- Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. .,Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania
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28
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Wang J, Li W, Zhao Y, Kang D, Fu W, Zheng X, Pang X, Du G. Members of FOX family could be drug targets of cancers. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 181:183-196. [PMID: 28830838 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
FOX families play important roles in biological processes, including metabolism, development, differentiation, proliferation, apoptosis, migration, invasion and longevity. Here we are focusing on roles of FOX members in cancers, FOX members and drug resistance, FOX members and stem cells. Finally, FOX members as drug targets of cancer treatment were discussed. Future perspectives of FOXC1 research were described in the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Wan Li
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Ying Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - De Kang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Weiqi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Xiangjin Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research and Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, 100050 Beijing, China.
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29
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DT-13 synergistically enhanced vinorelbine-mediated mitotic arrest through inhibition of FOXM1-BICD2 axis in non-small-cell lung cancer cells. Cell Death Dis 2017; 8:e2810. [PMID: 28542137 PMCID: PMC5520732 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2017.218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignant disease with the leading cause of cancer-related death. Combination treatment remains the major strategy in the clinical therapy of NSCLC. Vinorelbine (NVB), a semi-synthetic vinca alkaloid, is used for advanced and metastatic NSCLC by destabilizing microtubule formation to induce mitotic arrest and cell death. However, the side effect of NVB heavily affected its effectiveness in clinical therapy. Hence, it is of great significance to develop new agents to synergize with NVB and decrease the adverse effect. In our study, we found that the saponin monomer 13 of the dwarf lilyturf tuber, DT-13, exhibiting anti-angiogenesis and anti-metastasis effect, synergized with NVB to inhibit cell proliferation in NSCLC cells. The synergistic interaction of DT-13 and NVB was confirmed by combination Index values. Also, DT-13 and NVB act in concert to inhibit the long-term colony formation. Furthermore, DT-13/NVB co-treatment cooperated to induce mitotic arrest and subsequent apoptosis. Mechanistically, we found that nuclear expression of transcription factors forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and levels of motor adaptor bicaudal D2 (BICD2) were dramatically reduced by combination treatment. Importantly, oncogene FOXM1 was identified as the crucial regulator of BICD2, which played critical roles in NVB-induced mitotic spindle defects. Moreover, overexpression of FOXM1 and BICD2 significantly reversed mitotic arrest induced by DT-13/NVB co-treatment, and siRNAs against both genes greatly increased the combinational effects. In addition, in vivo study revealed that DT-13 combined with NVB significantly suppressed tumor growth in nude mice xenograft model, and downregulated the expression of FOXM1 and BICD2 in tumor tissues, which was consistent with in vitro study. In conclusion, DT-13 might provide a novel strategy for the chemosensitization of NVB in NSCLC therapy.
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FOXM1: A novel drug target in gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. Oncotarget 2016; 6:8185-99. [PMID: 25797272 PMCID: PMC4480744 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms (GEP-NENs) are heterogeneous tumors that need to be molecularly defined to obtain novel therapeutic options. Forkheadbox protein M1 (FOXM1) is a crucial transcription factor in neoplastic cells and has been associated with differentiation and proliferation. We found that FOXM1 is strongly associated with tumor differentiation and occurrence of metastases in gastrointestinal NENs. In vitro inhibition by the FOXM1 inhibitor siomycin A led to down-regulation of mitotic proteins and resulted in a strong inhibitory effect. Siomycin A decreased mitosis rate, induced apoptosis in GEP-NEN cell lines and exerts synergistic effects with chemotherapy. FOXM1 is associated with clinical outcome and FOXM1 inhibition impairs survival in vitro. We therefore propose FOXM1 as novel therapeutic target in GEP-NENs.
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MiR-508-5p Inhibits the Progression of Glioma by Targeting Glycoprotein Non-metastatic Melanoma B. Neurochem Res 2016; 41:1684-90. [PMID: 27003587 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-016-1884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Glioma is a severe and highly lethal brain cancer, a malignancy largely stemming from growing in a relatively restrained area of the brain. Hence, the understanding of the molecular regulation of the growth of glioma is critical for improving its treatment. MicroRNA has become a hotspot in research on diseases, especially in the initiation and progression of different types of cancer. However, the molecular function and mechanisms of miR-508-5p in gliomagenesis are still unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate miR-508-5p expression in glioma and determine its effects on proliferation. miR-508-5p expression levels, both in glioma cell lines and in tissue, were significantly lower than in a normal human astrocyte cell line or adjacent tissues. Cell growth was analyzed using a MTT assay and over-expression of miR-508-5p was found to decrease glioma cell growth. Moreover, a bioinformatic analysis was performed, showing that glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma B (GPNMB) was a direct target for miR-508-5p in glioma cells. Furthermore, in vivo treatment with miR-508-5p reduced GPNMB protein levels in the tumor. Additionally, overexpression of GPNMB without 3'-UTR partially reversed the cell growth arrest induced by miR-508-5p over-expression in glioma cells. In conclusion, these results indicate that increased expression of miR-508-5p might be related to glioma progression, indicating a potential role of miR-508-5p for clinical therapy.
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Thomas SN, Rohner NA, Edwards EE. Implications of Lymphatic Transport to Lymph Nodes in Immunity and Immunotherapy. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2016; 18:207-33. [PMID: 26928210 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-101515-014413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adaptive immune response consists of many highly regulated, multistep cascades that protect against infection while preserving the health of autologous tissue. The proper initiation, maintenance, and resolution of such responses require the precise coordination of molecular and cellular signaling over multiple time and length scales orchestrated by lymphatic transport. In order to investigate these functions and manipulate them for therapy, a comprehensive understanding of how lymphatics influence immune physiology is needed. This review presents the current mechanistic understanding of the role of the lymphatic vasculature in regulating biomolecule and cellular transport from the interstitium, peripheral tissue immune surveillance, the lymph node stroma and microvasculature, and circulating lymphocyte homing to lymph nodes. This review also discusses the ramifications of lymphatic transport in immunity as well as tolerance and concludes with examples of how lymphatic-mediated targeting of lymph nodes has been exploited for immunotherapy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan N Thomas
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332.,Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322
| | - Nathan A Rohner
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering and.,Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332;
| | - Erin E Edwards
- Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332; .,Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30332
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Consolaro F, Basso G, Ghaem-Magami S, Lam EWF, Viola G. FOXM1 is overexpressed in B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) and its inhibition sensitizes B-ALL cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. Int J Oncol 2015; 47:1230-40. [PMID: 26316295 PMCID: PMC4583527 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The Forkhead box protein M1 (FOXM1) is a transcription factor that plays a central role in the regulation of cell cycle, proliferation, DNA repair, and apoptosis. FOXM1 is overexpressed in many human tumors and its upregulation has been linked to high proliferation rates and poor prognosis. We therefore studied the role of FOXM1 in B-lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in order to understand whether FOXM1 could be a key target for leukemia therapy. RT-PCR and western blot analysis were carried out in a small cohort of pediatric B-ALL patients to evaluate FOXM1 levels. To assess its biological relevance, its expression was down-modulated by transient RNA interference in B-ALL cell lines (REH and NALM-6). Our results show that FOXM1 expression is higher in both B-ALL patients and cell lines when compared to PBMC or normal B-cells (CD19+) from healthy donors. Furthermore, blocking FOXM1 activity in two B-ALL cell lines, by either knockdown or treatment with the FOXM1 inhibitor thiostrepton, causes significant decrease in their cell proliferation. This decrease in cell proliferation was coupled with both an induction of the G2/M cell cycle arrest and with a reduction in the S phase population. Finally, we noted how thiostrepton synergises with chemotherapeutic agents commonly used in B-ALL therapy, thus increasing their efficiency. Therefore our results suggest that FOXM1 is highly expressed in both patients and B-ALL cell lines, and that targeting FOXM1 could be an attractive strategy for leukemia therapy and for overcoming drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Consolaro
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, Oncohematology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basso
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, Oncohematology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Sadaf Ghaem-Magami
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, UK
| | - Eric W-F Lam
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Imperial Centre for Translational and Experimental Medicine (ICTEM), London, UK
| | - Giampietro Viola
- Department of Woman's and Child's Health, Oncohematology Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Targeted inhibition of metastatic melanoma through interference with Pin1-FOXM1 signaling. Oncogene 2015; 35:2166-77. [PMID: 26279295 PMCID: PMC4757516 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is the most lethal form of skin cancer and successful treatment of metastatic melanoma remains challenging. BRAF/MEK inhibitors only show a temporary benefit due to rapid occurrence of resistance, whereas immunotherapy is mainly effective in selected subsets of patients. Thus, there is a need to identify new targets to improve treatment of metastatic melanoma. To this extent, we searched for markers that are elevated in melanoma and are under regulation of potentially druggable enzymes. Here, we show that the pro-proliferative transcription factor FOXM1 is elevated and activated in malignant melanoma. FOXM1 activity correlated with expression of the enzyme Pin1, which we found to be indicative of a poor prognosis. In functional experiments, Pin1 proved to be a main regulator of FOXM1 activity through MEK-dependent physical regulation during the cell cycle. The Pin1-FOXM1 interaction was enhanced by BRAF(V600E), the driver oncogene in the majority of melanomas, and in extrapolation of the correlation data, interference with\ Pin1 in BRAF(V600E)-driven metastatic melanoma cells impaired both FOXM1 activity and cell survival. Importantly, cell-permeable Pin1-FOXM1-blocking peptides repressed the proliferation of melanoma cells in freshly isolated human metastatic melanoma ex vivo and in three-dimensional-cultured patient-derived melanoids. When combined with the BRAF(V600E)-inhibitor PLX4032 a robust repression in melanoid viability was obtained, establishing preclinical value of patient-derived melanoids for prognostic use of drug sensitivity and further underscoring the beneficial effect of Pin1-FOXM1 inhibitory peptides as anti-melanoma drugs. These proof-of-concept results provide a starting point for development of therapeutic Pin1-FOXM1 inhibitors to target metastatic melanoma.
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Prognostic Value of FOXM1 in Patients with Malignant Solid Tumor: A Meta-Analysis and System Review. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:352478. [PMID: 26451068 PMCID: PMC4584221 DOI: 10.1155/2015/352478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1), a member of the Fox transcription factors family, was closely related with cell cycle. FOXM1 played an important role in MST and prompted a poor prognosis for MST patients. However, there were also some studies revealing no significant association between the FOXM1 expression and prognosis of patients. Therefore, we conducted meta-analysis to investigate whether the expression of FOXM1 was associated with MST prognosis. We collected 36 relevant studies through PubMed database and obtained research data of 4946 patients. Stata 12.0 was used to express the results as hazard ratio (HR) for time-to-event outcomes with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). It was shown that overexpression of FOXM1 was relevant to worse survival of MST patients (HR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.79–2.21, P < 0.001; I2 = 26.4%, Ph = 0.076). Subgroup analysis suggested that overexpression of FOXM1 in breast cancer (BC), gastric cancer (GC), hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) all predicted a worse survival (P < 0.05), in addition to ovarian cancer (OC) (P = 0.084). In conclusion, our research indicated that overexpression of FOXM1 was to the disadvantage of the prognosis for majority of MST and therefore can be used as an evaluation index of prognosis.
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Niu M, Cai W, Liu H, Chong Y, Hu W, Gao S, Shi Q, Zhou X, Liu X, Yu R. Plumbagin inhibits growth of gliomas in vivo via suppression of FOXM1 expression. J Pharmacol Sci 2015; 128:131-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphs.2015.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2015] [Revised: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/16/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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Wang JY, Jia XH, Xing HY, Li YJ, Fan WW, Li N, Xie SY. Inhibition of Forkhead box protein M1 by thiostrepton increases chemosensitivity to doxorubicin in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Mol Med Rep 2015; 12:1457-64. [PMID: 25760224 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.3469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) is an aggressive type of blood malignancy, deriving from T-cell progenitors in the thymus, and comprises 10-15% of pediatric and 25% of adult primary ALL cases. Despite advances, 20% of pediatric and the majority of adult patients with T-ALL succumb to mortality from resistant or relapsed disease, and the survival rate for patients with resistant or relapsed T-ALL remains poor. Alterations in the expression of Forkhead box protein M1 (FoxM1) have been detected in several types of cancer, and the inhibition of FoxM1 has been investigated as therapeutic strategy in cancer. The present study investigated the effects of the inhibition of FoxM1 by thiostrepton in human T-ALL Jurkat cells. The cells were treated with different concentrations of thiostrepton, either alone or in combination with doxorubicin. Cell viability was measured using CCK-8 assays and the cell cycle distribution, apoptosis and cell-associated mean fluorescence intensity of intracellular doxorubicin were assessed using flow cytometric analysis. The mRNA and protein expression levels were detected by reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blot analyses. The inhibition of FoxM1 by thiostrepton significantly decreased the proliferation of the Jurkat cells proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Cell arrest at the G2/M phase, and apoptosis was significantly increased in the thiostrepton-treated Jurkat cells. Thiostrepton reduced the half maximal inhibitory concentration of doxorubicin in the Jurkat cells, and significantly enhanced the cytotoxicity of doxorubicin within the Jurkat cells by enhancing doxorubicin-induced apoptosis and increasing the accumulation of intracellular doxorubicin. Furthermore, the inhibition of FoxM1 by thiostrepton enhanced doxorubicin-induced apoptosis, possibly through a caspase-3-dependent pathway, and increased the accumulation of intracellular doxorubicin, possibly through downregulating the expression of glutathione S-transferase pi. Collectively, the results of the present study suggested that targeting FoxM1 with thiostrepton resulted in potent antileukemia activity and chemosensitizing effects in human T-ALL Jurkat cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Yong Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Xiu-Hong Jia
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Yan Xing
- Department of Respiration, Binzhou People's Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Wen Fan
- Department of Pediatrics, Women and Children Hospital of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266011, P.R. China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Pediatrics, The Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Binzhou, Shandong 256603, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Key Laboratory of Tumour Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264003, P.R. China
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Huang X, Qin J, Lu S. Up-regulation of miR-877 induced by paclitaxel inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation though targeting FOXM1. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2015; 8:1515-1524. [PMID: 25973036 PMCID: PMC4396225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is an effective chemotherapeutic agent for treatment of cancer patients, and frequently, clinical outcome is influenced by paclitaxel sensitivity. Despite this, our understanding of the molecular basis of paclitaxel response is incomplete. Recently, it has been shown that microRNAs (miRNAs) influence messenger RNA (mRNA) transcriptional control and can contribute to human carcinogenesis. In the present study, our objective was to identify miR-877 associated with HCC cell lines response to paclitaxel and to evaluate these miRNAs as therapeutic targets to increase paclitaxel sensitivity. We measured the expression of miR-877 in paclitaxel-treated HCC cell lines. We verified that miR-877 was up-regulated in paclitaxel-induced HCC cells by real-time PCR. We further investigated the role and mechanisms of miR-877. Over-expression of miR-877 in HCC cells partially restores paclitaxel sensitivity. The proliferation activity and the colony formation activity of HCC cells were both inhibited after transfected with miR-877. MiRNA targets prediction algorithms imply FOXM1 serves as a target gene for miR-877. A fluorescent reporter assay confirmed that miR-877 binds specifically to the predicted site of the FOXM1 mRNA 3'-untranslated region (3'UTR). When miR-877 was overexpressed in HCC cells, the protein levels of FOXM1 was downregulated. These results indicate that miR-877 could influence the sensitivity of paclitaxel treatment in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines by targeting FOXM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinli Huang
- Center of Liver Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Ministry of Health Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jianjie Qin
- Center of Liver Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Ministry of Health Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Sen Lu
- Center of Liver Transplantation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Living Donor Liver Transplantation, Ministry of Health Nanjing 210029, China
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Jin H, Park MH, Kim SM. 3,3'-Diindolylmethane potentiates paclitaxel-induced antitumor effects on gastric cancer cells through the Akt/FOXM1 signaling cascade. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:2031-6. [PMID: 25633416 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.3758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fourth most common cancer and is one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) is overexpressed in gastric cancer, suggesting that it is important in gastric cancer oncogenesis. However, no studies have investigated the role of 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), a component of cruciferous vegetables, in the regulation of FOXM1 and its signaling pathway in gastric cancer. Here, we report for the first time that DIM effectively downregulated Akt/FOXM1 in gastric cancer cells. Combination treatment with DIM and paclitaxel significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of SNU638 cells when compared to treatment with DIM or paclitaxel alone. Colony formation of SNU638 cells was significantly attenuated by treatment with DIM and paclitaxel, and DIM potentiated the inhibition of colony formation in SNU638 cells by paclitaxel when compared to treatment with a single agent. Treatment with DIM plus paclitaxel substantially increased apoptosis as indicated by increased levels of cleaved polyADP-ribose polymerase (PARP) and cleaved caspase-9 protein. DIM dose-dependently sensitized gastric cancer cells through downregulation of FOXM1 and potentiated the effects of paclitaxel. FOXM1 effector genes such as CDK4, p53 and cyclin D1 were downregulated in gastric cancer cells by combination treatment with DIM and paclitaxel. In addition, DIM significantly and dose-dependently inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and potentiated paclitaxel-induced inhibition of Akt function in gastric cancer cells. Therefore, our results indicate that DIM effectively potentiates the efficacy of chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel by downregulation of the Akt/FOXM1 signaling cascade in gastric cancer cells. Our findings suggest that DIM enhances the therapeutic efficacy of paclitaxel in gastric cancer and is a potential clinical anticancer agent for the prevention and/or treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jin
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
| | - Man Hee Park
- Catholic University of Pusan, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo Mi Kim
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Medical Sciences, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, Republic of Korea
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Hu CJ, Wang B, Tang B, Chen BJ, Xiao YF, Qin Y, Yong X, Luo G, Zhang JW, Zhang D, Li S, He F, Yang SM. The FOXM1-induced resistance to oxaliplatin is partially mediated by its novel target gene Mcl-1 in gastric cancer cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2014; 1849:290-9. [PMID: 25482013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2014.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2014] [Revised: 11/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid cell leukemia-1 (Mcl-1) is an anti-apoptotic protein that belongs to the Bcl-2 family. The aberrant expression of Mcl-1 is important for sensitivity to chemotherapy drugs in gastric cancer. However, the regulatory mechanism of Mcl-1 in gastric cancer cells remains unclear. In this study, we first found that Forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) and Mcl-1 expression levels were positively correlated in human gastric cancer specimens and that both are associated with poor prognosis of patients treated with oxaliplatin. Second, we demonstrated that the expression level of Mcl-1 was correlated with FOXM1 expression in gastric cancer cells. Third, reporter assays showed that FOXM1 upregulated the promoter activity of the Mcl-1 gene. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays further demonstrated that FOXM1 could bind to a particular site (-635acaaacaa-628) in the promoter region of the Mcl-1 gene. Moreover, CCK-8 assays and analyses of apoptosis revealed that the suppression of the FOXM1/Mcl-1 pathway induced apoptosis and thus increased sensitivity to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer cells, whereas the enhancement of the FOXM1/Mcl-1 pathway inhibited apoptosis and decreased sensitivity to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer cells. Taken together, this study is the first to not only show that Mcl-1 is a novel target gene of FOXM1 but also suggest that targeting FOXM1/Mcl-1 may be a novel strategy to enhance sensitivity to oxaliplatin in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Jiang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China
| | - Bo Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Bai-jun Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xiao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Yong Qin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Xin Yong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Gang Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Jian-Wei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China
| | - Song Li
- Center for Pharmacogenetics, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, United States
| | - Fengtian He
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Shi-Ming Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
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Sun T, Zhang YS, Pang B, Hyun DC, Yang M, Xia Y. Engineered nanoparticles for drug delivery in cancer therapy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:12320-64. [PMID: 25294565 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 720] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In medicine, nanotechnology has sparked a rapidly growing interest as it promises to solve a number of issues associated with conventional therapeutic agents, including their poor water solubility (at least, for most anticancer drugs), lack of targeting capability, nonspecific distribution, systemic toxicity, and low therapeutic index. Over the past several decades, remarkable progress has been made in the development and application of engineered nanoparticles to treat cancer more effectively. For example, therapeutic agents have been integrated with nanoparticles engineered with optimal sizes, shapes, and surface properties to increase their solubility, prolong their circulation half-life, improve their biodistribution, and reduce their immunogenicity. Nanoparticles and their payloads have also been favorably delivered into tumors by taking advantage of the pathophysiological conditions, such as the enhanced permeability and retention effect, and the spatial variations in the pH value. Additionally, targeting ligands (e.g., small organic molecules, peptides, antibodies, and nucleic acids) have been added to the surface of nanoparticles to specifically target cancerous cells through selective binding to the receptors overexpressed on their surface. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that multiple types of therapeutic drugs and/or diagnostic agents (e.g., contrast agents) could be delivered through the same carrier to enable combination therapy with a potential to overcome multidrug resistance, and real-time readout on the treatment efficacy. It is anticipated that precisely engineered nanoparticles will emerge as the next-generation platform for cancer therapy and many other biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmeng Sun
- The Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30332 (USA)
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Sun T, Zhang YS, Pang B, Hyun DC, Yang M, Xia Y. Maßgeschneiderte Nanopartikel für den Wirkstofftransport in der Krebstherapie. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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43
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Muraoka D, Harada N, Hayashi T, Tahara Y, Momose F, Sawada SI, Mukai SA, Akiyoshi K, Shiku H. Nanogel-based immunologically stealth vaccine targets macrophages in the medulla of lymph node and induces potent antitumor immunity. ACS NANO 2014; 8:9209-9218. [PMID: 25180962 DOI: 10.1021/nn502975r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Because existing therapeutic cancer vaccines provide only a limited clinical benefit, a different vaccination strategy is necessary to improve vaccine efficacy. We developed a nanoparticulate cancer vaccine by encapsulating a synthetic long peptide antigen within an immunologically inert nanoparticulate hydrogel (nanogel) of cholesteryl pullulan (CHP). After subcutaneous injection to mice, the nanogel-based vaccine was efficiently transported to the draining lymph node, and was preferentially engulfed by medullary macrophages but was not sensed by other macrophages and dendritic cells (so-called "immunologically stealth mode"). Although the function of medullary macrophages in T cell immunity has been unexplored so far, these macrophages effectively cross-primed the vaccine-specific CD8(+) T cells in the presence of a Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist as an adjuvant. The nanogel-based vaccine significantly inhibited in vivo tumor growth in the prophylactic and therapeutic settings, compared to another vaccine formulation using a conventional delivery system, incomplete Freund's adjuvant. We also revealed that lymph node macrophages were highly responsive to TLR stimulation, which may underlie the potency of the macrophage-oriented, nanogel-based vaccine. These results indicate that targeting medullary macrophages using the immunologically stealth nanoparticulate delivery system is an effective vaccine strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Muraoka
- Department of Immuno-Gene Therapy, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine , Mie 514-8507, Japan
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Tao J, Xu XS, Song YZ, Qu K, Wu QF, Wang RT, Meng FD, Wei JC, Dong SB, Zhang YL, Tai MH, Dong YF, Wang L, Liu C. Down-regulation of FoxM1 inhibits viability and invasion of gallbladder carcinoma cells, partially dependent on inducement of cellular senescence. World J Gastroenterol 2014; 20:9497-9505. [PMID: 25071344 PMCID: PMC4110581 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v20.i28.9497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 02/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To investigate the effect of knockdown of Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) on the proliferation and invasion capacities of human gallbladder carcinoma (GBC)-SD cells.
METHODS: Four FoxM1 shRNAs were transfected into GBC-SD cells with Lipofectamine 2000 to select the appropriate shRNA for down-regulation of FoxM1. A recombinant lentivirus for shFoxM1 (Lv-shFoxM1), which expresses FoxM1-specific shRNA, and a negative control carrying green fluorescent protein, which expresses a scrambled RNA, were constructed. After transfection with the recombinant adenovirus and screened with puromycin, RT-PCR and Western blot were utilized to evaluate the inhibition efficiency. Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and cell migration and invasion were assessed using the Transwell system. Cells were suspended in serum-free medium and seeded into Transwell inserts either uncoated (for migration assay) or coated (for invasion assay) with growth factor-reduced Matrigel. To verify the involvement of FoxM1 in the senescence of tumor cells, staining of senescence β-galactosidase (SA β-gal), the widely used biomarker of cellular senescence, was also performed.
RESULTS: After successful transfection of four FoxM1 small interfering RNAs (shRNAs) with Lipofectamine 2000, the shF1822 was selected as the most appropriate shRNA according to its obvious inhibitory effect. The recombinant adenovirus was then constructed with the shF1822 and successfully transfected into the GBC-SD cells, resulting in the significant inhibition of FoxM1 expression at both the mRNA and protein levels, compared with the negative control (P < 0.05). After transfection, down-regulation of FoxM1 significantly inhibited cell viability according to the MTT assay (P < 0.05). In addition, Transwell migration and invasion assays also suggested the suppression of invasion ability of the transfected cells. SA β-gal staining showed that down-regulation of FoxM1 could induce more senescent GBC cells (P < 0.05), suggesting the possible involvement of the senescence process of the FoxM1-deficient cells in GBC.
CONCLUSION: FoxM1 is functionally involved in viability of GBC cells, partially dependent on the inducement of cellular senescence, and is a potential target for GBC therapy.
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Ning Z, Wang A, Liang J, Xie Y, Liu J, Feng L, Yan Q, Wang Z. USP22 promotes the G1/S phase transition by upregulating FoxM1 expression via β-catenin nuclear localization and is associated with poor prognosis in stage II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1594-608. [PMID: 24993031 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22), a newly discovered member of ubiquitin hydrolase family, exhibits a critical function in cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. The forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) transcription factor plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation. However, the expression and functions of USP22 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and whether FoxM1 is involved in USP22-mediated cell cycle regulation have not been studied. We examined the expression of USP22 and FoxM1 in 136 stage II PDA tissues by immunohistochemistry. Clinical significance was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. RT-PCR, western blot analysis, luciferase and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the molecular function of USP22 and FoxM1 in PDA fresh tissues and cell lines. USP22 and FoxM1 were significantly upregulated in PDA tissues compared with the paired normal carcinoma-adjacent tissues. A statistical correlation was observed between USP22 and FoxM1 expression. The expression of USP/FoxM1 and co-expression of both factors correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the expression of USP22/FoxM1, especially the co-expression of both factors, is an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor. USP22 overexpression is accompanied by an increase in FoxM1 expression and USP22 increases FoxM1 expression to promote G1/S transition and cell proliferation through promoting β-catenin nuclear translocation in PDA cell lines. USP22 promotes the G1/S phase transition by upregulating FoxM1 expression via promoting β-catenin nuclear localization. USP22 and FoxM1 may act as prognostic markers and potential targets for PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Aman Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
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Liu LL, Zhang DH, Mao X, Zhang XH, Zhang B. Over-expression of FoxM1 is associated with adverse prognosis and FLT3-ITD in acute myeloid leukemia. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:280-5. [PMID: 24582753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) drives cell cycle progression and the prevention of growth arrest and is over-expressed in many human malignancies. However, the characteristics of FoxM1 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are not clearly understood. We investigated the expression level of FoxM1 and analyzed the correlation of FoxM1 expression with AML patient characteristics and prognoses. Changes in FoxM1 expression were detected after MV4-11 cells, which have an internal tandem duplication (ITD) of the fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 gene (FLT3-ITD), and control THP1 cells (encoding wild-type FLT3) were treated with the FLT3 receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor AC220 (quizartinib) or FLT3 ligand (FL). Finally, we determined the apoptosis rates after the addition of the FoxM1 inhibitor thiostrepton (TST) to AML cells with or without FLT3-ITD. The expression of FoxM1 in AML patients was correlated with the presence of FLT3-ITD, genetic groups, and possibly overall survival. Inhibition of FLT3-ITD by AC220 down-regulated FoxM1 expression in MV4-11 cells, and stimulation of FLT3 by FL up-regulated FoxM1 expression in MV4-11 and THP1 cells. TST induced the apoptosis of MV4-11 and THP1 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, FoxM1 is a potential prognostic marker and a promising therapeutic target in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long-long Liu
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China; Department of Hematology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dong-hua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| | - Xia Mao
- Department of Hematology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Xin-hua Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Wuhan General Hospital of Guangzhou Military, Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Bing Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Xu Y, Shao QS, Yao HB, Jin Y, Ma YY, Jia LH. Overexpression of FOXC1 correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Histopathology 2014; 64:963-70. [PMID: 24329718 DOI: 10.1111/his.12347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study was to determine FOXC1 expression in gastric tissues, and the clinical significance of FOXC1 in the development, progression and metastasis of gastric cancer (GC). METHODS AND RESULTS We screened GCs for the expression of FOXC1 using the Affymetrix U133 plus 2.0 Gene Chip Array, and found that expression was significantly higher in GC tissues than in controls. Furthermore, we validated the expression levels of FOXC1 using real-time quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and of FOXC1 using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our study showed that expression levels of FOXC1 mRNA and FOXC1 in GC tissues were significantly higher than those in corresponding non-tumour tissues. High FOXC1 expression correlated with the degree of histological differentiation (P < 0.01), TNM stage (P < 0.001), invasive depth (P < 0.05), lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05), and distant metastasis (P < 0.01). Survival analysis revealed that patients with high FOXC1 expression had shorter overall survival than those with low expression (P < 0.001). Multivariate analysis showed that high FOXC1 expression was an independent prognostic factor for GC patients (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS Overexpression of FOXC1 may play a key role in the progression of GC, and FOXC1 expression may serve as a useful marker for predicting the outcome of patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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Li R, Liang T, Xu L, Zheng N, Zhang K, Duan X. Puerarin attenuates neuronal degeneration in the substantia nigra of 6-OHDA-lesioned rats through regulating BDNF expression and activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway. Brain Res 2013; 1523:1-9. [PMID: 23747813 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.05.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2013] [Revised: 04/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies suggest that oxidative stress is associated with the Parkinsonian process. This study evaluated the potential neuroprotective role of puerarin (PR) on lesioned substantia nigra (SN) induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Data from a rotational test showed that PR treatment significantly decreased apomorphine-induced rotations. Both the dopamine (DA) content in the SN and the endogenous expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were also elevated by the treatment. Pathological examination showed that dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the SN was attenuated by PR treatment. Meanwhile, the contents of γ-glutamylcysteine synthetase (γ-GCS), glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) in SN tissue were gradually elevated. Additionally, cytochrome c oxidase (COX) mRNA expression in the SN was markedly up-regulated. At the same time, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keapl) levels were progressively increased by the PR treatment. Our findings indicated that puerarin effectively protects against 6-OHDA-mediated oxidative stress injury in SN neurons, in which the underlying mechanisms are involved in modulating BDNF expression and activating the Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Guilin Medical University, Guilin, Guangxi 541004, PR China
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