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Adiguzel Y, Mahroum N, Muller S, Blank M, Halpert G, Shoenfeld Y. Shared Pathogenicity Features and Sequences between EBV, SARS-CoV-2, and HLA Class I Molecule-binding Motifs with a Potential Role in Autoimmunity. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2023; 65:206-230. [PMID: 37505416 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-023-08962-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are extraordinary in their ability to activate autoimmunity as well as to induce diverse autoimmune diseases. Here we reviewed the current knowledge on their relation. Further, we suggested that molecular mimicry could be a possible common mechanism of autoimmunity induction in the susceptible individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. Molecular mimicry between SARS-CoV-2 and human proteins, and EBV and human proteins, are present. Besides, relation of the pathogenicity associated with both coronavirus diseases and EBV supports the notion. As a proof-of-the-concept, we investigated 8mer sequences with shared 5mers of SARS-CoV-2, EBV, and human proteins, which were predicted as epitopes binding to the same human leukocyte antigen (HLA) supertype representatives. We identified significant number of human peptide sequences with predicted-affinities to the HLA-A*02:01 allele. Rest of the peptide sequences had predicted-affinities to the HLA-A*02:01, HLA-B*40:01, HLA-B*27:05, HLA-A*01:01, and HLA-B*39:01 alleles. Carriers of these serotypes can be under a higher risk of autoimmune response induction upon getting infected, through molecular mimicry-based mechanisms common to SARS-CoV-2 and EBV infections. We additionally reviewed established associations of the identified proteins with the EBV-related pathogenicity and with the autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yekbun Adiguzel
- Department of Medical Biology, School of Medicine, Atilim University, Kizilcasar Mah. 06836 Incek, Golbasi, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Naim Mahroum
- International School of Medicine, Istanbul Medipol University, Göztepe Mah, Atatürk Cd. No:40, Beykoz, Istanbul, 34810, Turkey
| | - Sylviane Muller
- Centre National de la Recherche scientifique-Université de Strasbourg, Biotechnology and Cell Signalling Unit, Neuroimmunology and Peptide Therapeutics Team, Strasbourg Drug Discovery and Development Institute, Strasbourg, France
- University of Strasbourg Institute for Advanced Study, Strasbourg, France
- Fédération Hospitalo-Universitaire OMICARE, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Miri Blank
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Gilad Halpert
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Tel-Hashomer, 52621, Israel
- Reichman University, Herzliya, 4610101, Israel
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2
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Zhou W, Jia J, Qu HQ, Ma F, Li J, Qi X, Meng X, Ding Z, Zheng G, Hakonarson H, Zeng X, Li J, Xia Q. Identification of copy number variants contributing to hallux valgus. Front Genet 2023; 14:1116284. [PMID: 37035746 PMCID: PMC10076598 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1116284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hallux valgus is a common form of foot deformity, and genetic factors contribute substantially to the pathogenesis of hallux valgus deformity. We conducted a genetic study on the structural variants underlying familial hallux valgus using whole exome sequencing approach. Twenty individuals from five hallux valgus families and two sporadic cases were included in this study. A total of 372 copy number variations were found and passed quality control filtering. Among them, 43 were only present in cases but not in controls or healthy individuals in the database of genomic variants. The genes covered by these copy number variations were enriched in gene sets related to immune signaling pathway, and cytochrome P450 metabolism. The hereditary CNVs demonstrate a dominant inheritance pattern. Two candidate pathogenic CNVs were further validated by quantitative-PCR. This study suggests that hallux valgus is a degenerative joint disease involving the dysregulation of immune and metabolism signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jun Jia
- Department of Surgery of Foot and Ankle, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Hui-Qi Qu
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Feier Ma
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Qi
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinyi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyong Ding
- Mills Institute for Personalized Cancer Care, Fynn Biotechnologies Ltd., Jinan, China
| | - Gang Zheng
- National Supercomputer Center in Tianjin (NSCC-TJ), Tianjin, China
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Division of Human Genetics, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiantie Zeng
- Department of Surgery of Foot and Ankle, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qianghua Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Qianghua Xia,
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Zhang Y, Yue Q, Zhu H, Song J, Li D, Liu W, Jiang S, Jiang N, Qiu C, Ai J, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Serum Metabolic Correlates of the Antibody Response in Subjects Receiving the Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccine. Vaccines (Basel) 2022; 10:1890. [PMID: 36366398 PMCID: PMC9699138 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines10111890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolites are involved in biological process that govern the immune response to infection and vaccination. Knowledge of how metabolites interact with the immune system during immunization with the COVID-19 vaccine is limited. Here, we report that the serum metabolites are correlated with the magnitude of the antibody response in recipients receiving the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine, which provides critical information for studying metabolism regarding the human immune response to vaccination. METHODS 106 healthy volunteers without history of SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination were prospectively enrolled to receive the primary series of two doses of inactivated whole-virion SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. The serum samples were collected 2-4 weeks after the second dose. The magnitude of the anti-RBD antibody was quantified using surrogate virus neutralization tests. The profile of metabolites in serum was identified using untargeted metabolomics analysis. RESULTS The level of anti-RBD antibody 14-28 days after the second dose was significantly elevated and its interpersonal variability was diverse in a wide range. Thirty-two samples at extremes of the anti-RBD antibody titer were selected to discover the metabolic correlates. Two hundred and fifteen differential metabolites associated with antibody response independent of body mass index were identified. Pregnenolone and sphingolipid metabolism might be involved in the modulation of the human antibody response to the inactivated COVID-19 vaccine. CONCLUSION We discovered key metabolites as well as those with a related functional significance that might modulate the human immune response to vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Qiaoyan Yue
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Haojing Zhu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Jieyu Song
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dingding Li
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Shujun Jiang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
- Nanjing Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Ning Jiang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Chao Qiu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jingwen Ai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Yanliang Zhang
- Nanjing Hospital of Chinese Medicine Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
- Nanjing Research Center for Infectious Diseases of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Wenhong Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Huashen Institute of Microbes and Infections, No. 6 Lane 1220 Huashan Rd., Shanghai 200031, China
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Cameron SJ, Sheng J, Hosseinian F, Willmore WG. Nanoparticle Effects on Stress Response Pathways and Nanoparticle-Protein Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:7962. [PMID: 35887304 PMCID: PMC9323783 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) are increasingly used in a wide variety of applications and products; however, NPs may affect stress response pathways and interact with proteins in biological systems. This review article will provide an overview of the beneficial and detrimental effects of NPs on stress response pathways with a focus on NP-protein interactions. Depending upon the particular NP, experimental model system, and dose and exposure conditions, the introduction of NPs may have either positive or negative effects. Cellular processes such as the development of oxidative stress, the initiation of the inflammatory response, mitochondrial function, detoxification, and alterations to signaling pathways are all affected by the introduction of NPs. In terms of tissue-specific effects, the local microenvironment can have a profound effect on whether an NP is beneficial or harmful to cells. Interactions of NPs with metal-binding proteins (zinc, copper, iron and calcium) affect both their structure and function. This review will provide insights into the current knowledge of protein-based nanotoxicology and closely examines the targets of specific NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shana J. Cameron
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - Jessica Sheng
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
| | - Farah Hosseinian
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
| | - William G. Willmore
- Department of Chemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada; (S.J.C.); (F.H.)
- Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada;
- Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON K1S 5B6, Canada
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Tosirisuk N, Sakorn N, Jantarat C, Nosoongnoen W, Aroonpakmongkol S, Supornsilchai V. Increased bisphenol A levels in Thai children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Int 2022; 64:e14944. [PMID: 34342913 DOI: 10.1111/ped.14944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in children and adolescents continues to increase worldwide. The reason for this is unclear. In addition to the role of genetics, bisphenol A (BPA) has been investigated as a possible causal factor for T1DM. This study aimed to determine the correlation between urinary BPA levels and T1DM in Thai children and adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was conducted in T1DM patients who were followed at the endocrinology clinic at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital from December 2018 to December 2019 and age-matched healthy controls. Urinary BPA levels were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and adjusted by urine creatinine. Anthropometric data were measured in all participants and clinical data were collected for the T1DM patients. All participants completed a questionnaire regarding possible BPA exposures. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratio for T1DM. RESULTS Seventy-five T1DM patients and 113 age-matched controls were included in the study. The mean age for T1DM and control groups were 14.8 ± 5.7 and 14.4 ± 6.2 years, respectively. The T1DM group had a significantly higher median (interquartile range) level of adjusted urinary BPA compared to the control (31.50 [7.87, 69.45] vs 10.1 [0, 54.01] μg/g creatinine, P = 0.02). Urinary BPA of 17 μg/g creatinine or more was significantly associated with TIDM, with adjusted odds ratio (95% Confident interval, CI) of 2.38 (1.27, 4.44), P = 0.006. CONCLUSIONS Higher urinary BPA level is one of the possible risk factors for T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naruporn Tosirisuk
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Natee Sakorn
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Chutima Jantarat
- School of Pharmacy, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Wichit Nosoongnoen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suphab Aroonpakmongkol
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vichit Supornsilchai
- Division of Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
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Ayala-Ortiz CO, Farriester JW, Pratt CJ, Goldkamp AK, Matts J, Hoback WW, Gustafson JE, Hagen DE. Effect of food source availability in the salivary gland transcriptome of the unique burying beetle Nicrophorus pustulatus (Coleoptera: Silphidae). PLoS One 2021; 16:e0255660. [PMID: 34555059 PMCID: PMC8460033 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicrophorus is a genus of beetles that bury and transform small vertebrate carcasses into a brood ball coated with their oral and anal secretions to prevent decay and that will serve as a food source for their young. Nicrophorus pustulatus is an unusual species with the ability to overtake brood of other burying beetles and whose secretions, unlike other Nicrophorus species, has been reported not to exhibit antimicrobial properties. This work aims to better understand how the presence or absence of a food source influences the expression of genes involved in the feeding process of N. pustulatus. To achieve that, total RNA was extracted from pooled samples of salivary gland tissue from N. pustulatus and sequenced using an Illumina platform. The resulting reads were used to assemble a de novo transcriptome using Trinity. Duplicates with more than 95% similarity were removed to obtain a "unigene" set. Annotation of the unigene set was done using the Trinotate pipeline. Transcript abundance was determined using Kallisto and differential gene expression analysis was performed using edgeR. A total of 651 genes were found to be differentially expressed, including 390 upregulated and 261 downregulated genes in fed insects compared to starved. Several genes upregulated in fed beetles are associated with the insect immune response and detoxification processes with only one transcript encoding for the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) defensin. These results confirm that N. pustulatus does not upregulate the production of genes encoding AMPs during feeding. This study provides a snapshot of the changes in gene expression in the salivary glands of N. pustulatus following feeding while providing a well described transcriptome for the further analysis of this unique burying beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian O. Ayala-Ortiz
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jacob W. Farriester
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Carrie J. Pratt
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Anna K. Goldkamp
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Jessica Matts
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - W. Wyatt Hoback
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - John E. Gustafson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
| | - Darren E. Hagen
- Department of Animal and Food Science, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, United States of America
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Lazurova Z, Lazurova I, Shoenfeld Y. Bisphenol A as a Factor in the Mosaic of Autoimmunity. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 22:728-737. [PMID: 33992069 DOI: 10.2174/1871530321666210516000042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The population worldwide is largely exposed to bisphenol A (BPA), a commonly used plasticizer, that has a similar molecular structure to endogenous estrogens. Therefore, it is able to influence physiological processes in human body, taking part in the pathophysiology of various endocrinopathies, as well as, cardiovascular, neurological and oncological diseases. BPA has been found to affect the immune system, leading to the development of autoimmunity and allergies, too. In the last few decades, the prevalence of autoimmune diseases has significantly increased, that could be explained by a rising exposure of the population to environmental factors, such as BPA. BPA has been found to play a role in the pathogenesis of systemic autoimmune diseases and also organ-specific autoimmunity (thyroid autoimmunity, diabetes mellitus type 1, myocarditis, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, encephalomyelitis etc), but the results of some studies remain still controversial, so further research is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zora Lazurova
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of University of PJ Safarik, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Ivica Lazurova
- 1st Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty of University of PJ Safarik, Kosice, Slovakia
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Overexpression of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor (Ahr) Mediates an Oxidative Stress Response following Injection of Fine Particulate Matter in the Temporal Cortex. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2020:6879738. [PMID: 33488929 PMCID: PMC7803159 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6879738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Studies have shown that particulate matter (PM) induces the expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr) leading to the activation of the oxidative stress response. This study is aimed at characterizing the specific impact of fine PM on the expression profile of the Ahr and oxidative stress response in the primary auditory cortex. PM2.5 (<1.8 μm)-loaded filters were suspended in sterile saline to 102.6-111.82 μg/ml. Next, 10 μl of PM2.5 or an equal volume of saline was administered intracranially into the temporal cortex of two groups of rats (PM2.5 and control; n = 14 per group), respectively. One week after intracranial injection, the temporal cortex was harvested. Transmission electron microscopy was performed to evaluate the distribution of PM2.5 within the temporal cortex. Additionally, the mRNA and protein expression levels of cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1), CYP1B1, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Ahr, and brevican mRNA and protein were measured using quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) or western blotting, respectively. Finally, the protein expression levels of the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) were estimated using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). PM2.5 was observed in intracellular vesicles within the temporal cortex following intracranial injection. Levels of oxidative stress molecules (i.e., CYP1A1, CYP1B1, and iNOS), Ahr, Brevican, and RAGE were higher in the PM2.5 group compared with the control group. Intracranial administration of PM2.5 led to increased levels of Ahr and markers of an oxidative stress response in the temporal cortex. The oxidative stress response-mediated increases in the levels of brevican and RAGE.
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Najafzadeh L, Mahmoudi M, Ebadi M, Dehghan Shasaltaneh M. Co-expression Network Analysis Reveals Key Genes Related to Ankylosing spondylitis Arthritis Disease: Computational and Experimental Validation. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:e2630. [PMID: 34179194 PMCID: PMC8217537 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a type of arthritis which can cause inflammation in the vertebrae and joints between the spine and pelvis. However, our understanding of the exact genetic mechanisms of AS is still far from being clear. OBJECTIVE To study and find the mechanisms and possible biomarkers related to AS by surveying inter-gene correlations of networks. MATERIALS AND METHODS A weighted gene co-expression network was constructed among genes identified by microarray analysis, gene co-expression network analysis, and network clustering. Then receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were conducted to identify a significant module with the genes implicated in the AS pathogenesis. Real-time PCR was performed to validate the results of microarray analysis. RESULTS In the significant module obtained from the network analysis there were eight AS related genes (LSM3, MRPS11, NSMCE2, PSMA4, UBL5, RPL17, MRPL22 and RPS17) which have been reported in previous studies as hub genes. Further, in this module, eight significant enriched pathways were found with adjusted p-values < 0.001 consisting of oxidative phosphorylation, ribosome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, Alzheimer's, Huntington's, and Parkinson's diseases, spliceosome, and cardiac muscle contraction pathways which have been linked to AS. Furthermore, we identified nine AS related genes (UQCRB, UQCRH, UQCRHL, UQCRQ, COX7B, COX5B, COX6C, COX6A1 and COX7C) in these pathways which can play essential roles in controlling mitochondrial activity and pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. Real-time PCR results showed that three genes including UQCRH, MRPS11, and NSMCE2 in AS patients were significantly differentially expressed compared with normal controls. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study may contribute to understanding of AS molecular pathogenesis, thereby aiding the early prognosis, diagnosis, and effective therapies of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Najafzadeh
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
| | - Mahdi Mahmoudi
- Rheumatology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Ebadi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Damghan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Damghan, Iran
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Cabrera-Pérez LC, Padilla-Martínez II, Cruz A, Mendieta-Wejebe JE, Tamay-Cach F, Rosales-Hernández MC. Evaluation of a new benzothiazole derivative with antioxidant activity in the initial phase of acetaminophen toxicity. ARAB J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2016.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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11
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Holme JA, Brinchmann BC, Refsnes M, Låg M, Øvrevik J. Potential role of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as mediators of cardiovascular effects from combustion particles. Environ Health 2019; 18:74. [PMID: 31439044 PMCID: PMC6704565 DOI: 10.1186/s12940-019-0514-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Air pollution is the most important environmental risk factor for disease and premature death, and exposure to combustion particles from vehicles is a major contributor. Human epidemiological studies combined with experimental studies strongly suggest that exposure to combustion particles may enhance the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), including atherosclerosis, hypertension, thrombosis and myocardial infarction.In this review we hypothesize that adhered organic chemicals like polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), contribute to development or exacerbation of CVD from combustion particles exposure. We summarize present knowledge from existing human epidemiological and clinical studies as well as experimental studies in animals and relevant in vitro studies. The available evidence suggests that organic compounds attached to these particles are significant triggers of CVD. Furthermore, their effects seem to be mediated at least in part by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR). The mechanisms include AhR-induced changes in gene expression as well as formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and/or reactive electrophilic metabolites. This is in accordance with a role of PAHs, as they seem to be the major chemical group on combustion particles, which bind AhR and/or is metabolically activated by CYP-enzymes. In some experimental models however, it seems as PAHs may induce an inflammatory atherosclerotic plaque phenotype irrespective of DNA- and/or AhR-ligand binding properties. Thus, various components and several signalling mechanisms/pathways are likely involved in CVD induced by combustion particles.We still need to expand our knowledge about the role of PAHs in CVD and in particular the relative importance of the different PAH species. This warrants further studies as enhanced knowledge on this issue may amend risk assessment of CVD caused by combustion particles and selection of efficient measures to reduce the health effects of particular matters (PM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, N-0213, Oslo, Norway.
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, N-0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Refsnes
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, N-0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, N-0213, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Infection Control and Environmental Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 222, Skøyen, N-0213, Oslo, Norway.
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
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Batoryna M, Semla-Kurzawa M, Zyśk B, Bojarski B, Formicki G. Acrylamide-induced alterations in lungs of mice in relation to oxidative stress indicators. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART. B, PESTICIDES, FOOD CONTAMINANTS, AND AGRICULTURAL WASTES 2019; 54:745-751. [PMID: 31264935 DOI: 10.1080/03601234.2019.1634418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the experiment was to study the influence of acrylamide (ACR) on major antioxidants in the lungs of Swiss mice. The experiment was conducted on male mice that were 8 weeks old. The mice were exposed to ACR at a single dose of 26 µg per animal, which was administered orally. Mice were anesthetized 3, 24, and 48 h after the ACR gavage. Next, histopathological and biochemical analyses of GSH concentration and the activities of SOD, GPx, and CAT were performed in the lungs. Animals exposed to ACR showed demonstrated symptoms of inflammation in lungs, hypertrophy of bronchiolar epithelium, and hyperplasia of alveolar epithelium. GSH concentration was significantly decreased 3 h after ACR gavage, which was followed by a significant increase 48 h after ACR gavage. Similarly, SOD and GPx demonstrated decreased activities 3 h after exposure to ACR, followed by increased activities 48 h after exposure to ACR. CAT activity was significantly increased 24 and 48 h after exposure to ACR. We conclude that oral exposure of mice to ACR results in alterations of lung microstructure, accompanied by the symptoms of redox imbalance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Batoryna
- Department of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Geography and Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Magdalena Semla-Kurzawa
- Department of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Geography and Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Zyśk
- Department of Vertebrate Zoology and Human Biology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Geography and Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Bartosz Bojarski
- Department of Veterinary Science, Animal Reproduction and Welfare, Institute of Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture in Krakow , Krakow , Poland
| | - Grzegorz Formicki
- Department of Animal Physiology and Toxicology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Geography and Biology, Pedagogical University of Cracow , Krakow , Poland
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Aljadeff G, Longhi E, Shoenfeld Y. Bisphenol A: A notorious player in the mosaic of autoimmunity. Autoimmunity 2018; 51:370-377. [DOI: 10.1080/08916934.2018.1551374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gali Aljadeff
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
| | - Eleonora Longhi
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- University of Bologna School of Medicine, Bologna, Italy
| | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Zabludowicz Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Lycopene: Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Effects toward Bisphenol A-Induced Toxicity in Female Wistar Rats. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:5167524. [PMID: 30147835 PMCID: PMC6083545 DOI: 10.1155/2018/5167524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA)—an endocrine disruptor xenoestrogen—is widely spread in the environment. Lycopene (LYC) is an antioxidant phytochemical carotenoid. The hereby study was designed to verify the deleterious effect of BPA on cyclic female rats' hepatic tissue as well as evaluation of the effect of LYC toward BPA hepatic perturbation. Twenty-eight female Wistar rats were allocated equally into four groups: control group, LYC group (10 mg/kg B.wt), BPA group (10 mg/kg B.wt), and BPA + LYC group (the same doses as former groups). The treatments were given daily via gavage to the rats for 30 days. The rats in BPA displayed high activities of serum liver enzymes with low levels of total proteins (TP) and albumin. Moreover, BPA induced hepatic oxidative stress via depletion of antioxidant enzymes concomitant with augmentation of lipid peroxidation, increased comet tail DNA %, and overexpression of caspase-3. Meanwhile, LYC administration reduced the cytotoxic effects of BPA on hepatic tissue, through improving the liver function biomarkers and oxidant-antioxidant state as well as DNA damage around the control values. These findings were confirmed by hepatic histopathological examination. Finally, LYC credited to have a noticeable protective effect versus BPA provoked oxidative injury and apoptosis of the liver tissue.
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Brinchmann BC, Skuland T, Rambøl MH, Szoke K, Brinchmann JE, Gutleb AC, Moschini E, Kubátová A, Kukowski K, Le Ferrec E, Lagadic-Gossmann D, Schwarze PE, Låg M, Refsnes M, Øvrevik J, Holme JA. Lipophilic components of diesel exhaust particles induce pro-inflammatory responses in human endothelial cells through AhR dependent pathway(s). Part Fibre Toxicol 2018; 15:21. [PMID: 29751765 PMCID: PMC5948689 DOI: 10.1186/s12989-018-0257-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exposure to traffic-derived particulate matter (PM), such as diesel exhaust particles (DEP), is a leading environmental cause of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and may contribute to endothelial dysfunction and development of atherosclerosis. It is still debated how DEP and other inhaled PM can contribute to CVD. However, organic chemicals (OC) adhered to the particle surface, are considered central to many of the biological effects. In the present study, we have explored the ability of OC from DEP to reach the endothelium and trigger pro-inflammatory reactions, a central step on the path to atherosclerosis. Results Exposure-relevant concentrations of DEP (0.12 μg/cm2) applied on the epithelial side of an alveolar 3D tri-culture, rapidly induced pro-inflammatory and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR)-regulated genes in the basolateral endothelial cells. These effects seem to be due to soluble lipophilic constituents rather than particle translocation. Extractable organic material of DEP (DEP-EOM) was next fractionated with increasing polarity, chemically characterized, and examined for direct effects on pro-inflammatory and AhR-regulated genes in human microvascular endothelial (HMEC-1) cells and primary human endothelial cells (PHEC) from four healthy donors. Exposure-relevant concentrations of lipophilic DEP-EOM (0.15 μg/cm2) induced low to moderate increases in IL-1α, IL-1β, COX2 and MMP-1 gene expression, and the MMP-1 secretion was increased. By contrast, the more polar EOM had negligible effects, even at higher concentrations. Use of pharmacological inhibitors indicated that AhR and protease-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2) were central in regulation of EOM-induced gene expression. Some effects also seemed to be attributed to redox-responses, at least at the highest exposure concentrations tested. Although the most lipophilic EOM, that contained the majority of PAHs and aliphatics, had the clearest low-concentration effects, there was no straight-forward link between chemical composition and biological effects. Conclusion Lipophilic and semi-lipophilic chemicals seemed to detach from DEP, translocate through alveolar epithelial cells and trigger pro-inflammatory reactions in endothelial cells at exposure-relevant concentrations. These effects appeared to be triggered by AhR agonists, and involve PAR-2 signaling. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12989-018-0257-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.,Division of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tonje Skuland
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Mia H Rambøl
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Krisztina Szoke
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan E Brinchmann
- Norwegian Center for Stem Cell Research, Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Arno C Gutleb
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Belvaux, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Elisa Moschini
- Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology (LIST), Environmental Research and Innovation (ERIN) Department, Belvaux, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Alena Kubátová
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Klara Kukowski
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA
| | - Eric Le Ferrec
- Inserm U1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement, Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Dominique Lagadic-Gossmann
- Inserm U1085, Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement, Travail (IRSET), Rennes, France.,Université de Rennes 1, Faculté des Sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques, Rennes, France
| | - Per E Schwarze
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magne Refsnes
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Domain of Infection Control, Environment and Health, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, PO Box 4404, Nydalen, N-0403, Oslo, Norway.
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16
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Generation and Role of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species Induced by Plasma, Lasers, Chemical Agents, and Other Systems in Dentistry. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:7542540. [PMID: 29204250 PMCID: PMC5674515 DOI: 10.1155/2017/7542540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The generation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS) has been found to occur during inflammatory procedures, during cell ischemia, and in various crucial developmental processes such as cell differentiation and along cell signaling pathways. The most common sources of intracellular RONS are the mitochondrial electron transport system, NADH oxidase, and cytochrome P450. In this review, we analyzed the extracellular and intracellular sources of reactive species, their cell signaling pathways, the mechanisms of action, and their positive and negative effects in the dental field. In dentistry, ROS can be found—in lasers, photosensitizers, bleaching agents, cold plasma, and even resin cements, all of which contribute to the generation and prevalence of ROS. Nonthermal plasma has been used as a source of ROS for biomedical applications and has the potential for use with dental stem cells as well. There are different types of dental stem cells, but their therapeutic use remains largely untapped, with the focus currently on only periodontal ligament stem cells. More research is necessary in this area, including studies about ROS mechanisms with dental cells, along with the utilization of reactive species in redox medicine. Such studies will help to provide successful treatment modalities for various diseases.
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17
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Bach N, Bølling AK, Brinchmann BC, Totlandsdal AI, Skuland T, Holme JA, Låg M, Schwarze PE, Øvrevik J. Cytokine responses induced by diesel exhaust particles are suppressed by PAR-2 silencing and antioxidant treatment, and driven by polar and non-polar soluble constituents. Toxicol Lett 2015; 238:72-82. [PMID: 26160521 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Adsorbed soluble organics seem to be the main drivers of inflammatory responses induced by diesel exhaust particles (DEP). The specific compounds contributing to this process and the cellular mechanisms behind DEP-induced inflammation are not well known. We have assessed pro-inflammatory effects of DEP and various soluble DEP fractions, in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). DEP increased the expression of interleukin (IL)-6 and CXCL8. Silencing of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by siRNA or pretreatment with AhR-antagonists did not attenuate DEP-induced IL-6 and CXCL8 responses. However, the halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon (HAH)-selective AhR antagonist CH223191 caused a considerable reduction in DEP-induced CYP1A1 expression indicating that this response may be due to dioxin or dioxin-like constituents in DEP. Knock-down of protease activated receptor (PAR)-2 attenuated IL-6 responses without affecting CXCL8. Antioxidants did not affect IL-6 expression after 4h DEP-exposure and only partly reduced CXCL8 expression. However, after 24h exposure antioxidant treatment partly suppressed IL-6 protein release and completely blocked CXCL8 release. Furthermore, a heptane-soluble (non-polar) extract of DEP induced both IL-6 and CXCL8 release, whereas a PBS-soluble (highly polar) extract induced only IL-6. Thus, pro-inflammatory responses in DEP-exposed epithelial cells appear to be the result of both reactive oxygen species and receptor signaling, mediated through combinatorial effects between both non-polar and polar constituents adhered to the particle surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Bach
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway; Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
| | - Anette Kocbach Bølling
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Bendik C Brinchmann
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Annike I Totlandsdal
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Tonje Skuland
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Jørn A Holme
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Marit Låg
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Per E Schwarze
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway
| | - Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Norway.
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Bang K, Hwang S, Lee J, Cho S. Identification of immunity-related genes in the larvae of Protaetia brevitarsis seulensis (Coleoptera: Cetoniidae) by a next-generation sequencing-based transcriptome analysis. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2015; 15:iev120. [PMID: 26450592 PMCID: PMC4626668 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iev120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
To identify immune-related genes in the larvae of white-spotted flower chafers, next-generation sequencing was conducted with an Illumina HiSeq2000, resulting in 100 million cDNA reads with sequence information from over 10 billion base pairs (bp) and >50× transcriptome coverage. A subset of 77,336 contigs was created, and ∼35,532 sequences matched entries against the NCBI nonredundant database (cutoff, e < 10(-5)). Statistical analysis was performed on the 35,532 contigs. For profiling of the immune response, samples were analyzed by aligning 42 base sequence tags to the de novo reference assembly, comparing levels in immunized larvae to control levels of expression. Of the differentially expressed genes, 3,440 transcripts were upregulated and 3,590 transcripts were downregulated. Many of these genes were confirmed as immune-related genes such as pattern recognition proteins, immune-related signal transduction proteins, antimicrobial peptides, and cellular response proteins, by comparison to published data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongrin Bang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Environment Friendly Agriculture Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Sejung Hwang
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Environment Friendly Agriculture Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Jiae Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Environment Friendly Agriculture Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Saeyoull Cho
- Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Environment Friendly Agriculture Center, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, South Korea
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Lead Intoxication Synergies of the Ethanol-Induced Toxic Responses in Neuronal Cells--PC12. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 52:1504-1520. [PMID: 25367877 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8928-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb)-induced neurodegeneration and its link with widespread neurobehavioral changes are well documented. Experimental evidences suggest that ethanol could enhance the absorption of metals in the body, and alcohol consumption may increase the susceptibility to metal intoxication in the brain. However, the underlying mechanism of ethanol action in affecting metal toxicity in brain cells is poorly understood. Thus, an attempt was made to investigate the modulatory effect of ethanol on Pb intoxication in PC12 cells, a rat pheochromocytoma. Cells were co-exposed to biological safe doses of Pb (10 μM) and ethanol (200 mM), and data were compared to the response of cells which received independent exposure to these chemicals at similar doses. Ethanol (200 mM) exposure significantly aggravated the Pb-induced alterations in the end points associated with oxidative stress and apoptosis. The finding confirms the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated oxidative stress, and impairment of mitochondrial membrane potential, which subsequently facilitate the translocation of triggering proteins between cytoplasm and mitochondria. We further confirmed the apoptotic changes due to induction of mitochondria-mediated caspase cascade. These cellular changes were found to recover significantly, if the cells are exposed to N-acetyl cysteine (NAC), a known antioxidant. Our data suggest that ethanol may potentiate Pb-induced cellular damage in brain cells, but such damaging effects could be recovered by inhibition of ROS generation. These results open up further possibilities for the design of new therapeutics based on antioxidants to prevent neurodegeneration and associated health problems.
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20
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The Potential Roles of Bisphenol A (BPA) Pathogenesis in Autoimmunity. Autoimmune Dis 2014; 2014:743616. [PMID: 24804084 PMCID: PMC3997912 DOI: 10.1155/2014/743616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2013] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 02/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a monomer found in commonly used consumer plastic goods. Although much attention in recent years has been placed on BPA's impact as an endocrine disruptor, it also appears to activate many immune pathways involved in both autoimmune disease development and autoimmune reactivity provocation. The current scientific literature is void of research papers linking BPA directly to human or animal onset of autoimmunity. This paper explores the impact of BPA on immune reactivity and the potential roles these mechanisms may have on the development or provocation of autoimmune diseases. Potential mechanisms by which BPA may be a contributing risk factor to autoimmune disease development and progression include its impact on hyperprolactinemia, estrogenic immune signaling, cytochrome P450 enzyme disruption, immune signal transduction pathway alteration, cytokine polarization, aryl hydrocarbon activation of Th-17 receptors, molecular mimicry, macrophage activation, lipopolysaccharide activation, and immunoglobulin pathophysiology. In this paper a review of these known autoimmune triggering mechanisms will be correlated with BPA exposure, thereby suggesting that BPA has a role in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity.
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Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) detection with nanoprobes for biological applications: a mini-review. Methods Mol Biol 2013; 1028:101-14. [PMID: 23740115 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-62703-475-3_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an important member of the reactive oxygen species, playing various roles in biology and medicine. The conventional detection methods for H2O2 are often restricted by their limited sensitivity, poor selectivity towards H2O2, inappropriate physicochemical properties for detection in biological environments, long response time, etc. We briefly review here some recent nanotechnology--based approaches for H2O2 detection, which present an effective improvement, overcoming some of the limitations of the conventional H2O2 sensing techniques.
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22
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Øvrevik J, Refsnes M, Holme JA, Schwarze PE, Låg M. Mechanisms of chemokine responses by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in bronchial epithelial cells: sensitization through toll-like receptor-3 priming. Toxicol Lett 2013; 219:125-32. [PMID: 23458896 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2013.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 02/15/2013] [Accepted: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We have previously observed that 1-nitropyrene (1-NP) and its amine metabolite 1-aminopyrene (1-AP) induce differential chemokine responses in human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B) characterized by maximum responses for CXCL8 (IL-8) and CCL5 (RANTES), respectively. In the present study, we further explored the effects of 1-NP and 1-AP on chemokine responses. The results suggest that the differential effect of 1-NP and 1-AP on CXCL8 and CCL5 in BEAS-2B cells was mainly related to effects at higher concentrations, which in the case of 1-NP seemed to be linked to ROS-formation and/or metabolic activation by CYP-enzymes. However, at a low concentration (1 μM) where neither 1-NP, 1-AP nor unsubstituted pyrene had any effect on chemokine responses, we found that all three PAHs potentiated CXCL8 and CCL5 responses induced by the TLR3 ligand polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) in BEAS-2B cells. As neither benzo[a]pyrene nor β-naphthoflavone induced a similar effect in Poly I:C-primed cells, the response seemed independent of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated mechanisms. The results show that priming cells with an inflammogenic stimuli like Poly I:C sensitizes the cells toward additional pro-inflammatory effects of certain PAHs. The study underscores that testing on healthy cells or animals may not be sufficient to fully evaluate chemokine responses and the pro-inflammatory potential of organic chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan Øvrevik
- Department of Air Pollution and Noise, Division of Environmental Medicine, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
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24
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Kashyap MP, Singh AK, Kumar V, Tripathi VK, Srivastava RK, Agrawal M, Khanna VK, Yadav S, Jain SK, Pant AB. Monocrotophos induced apoptosis in PC12 cells: role of xenobiotic metabolizing cytochrome P450s. PLoS One 2011; 6:e17757. [PMID: 21445290 PMCID: PMC3061860 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2010] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monocrotophos (MCP) is a widely used organophosphate (OP) pesticide. We studied apoptotic changes and their correlation with expression of selected cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in PC12 cells exposed to MCP. A significant induction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and decrease in glutathione (GSH) levels were observed in cells exposed to MCP. Following the exposure of PC12 cells to MCP (10−5 M), the levels of protein and mRNA expressions of caspase-3/9, Bax, Bcl2, P53, P21, GSTP1-1 were significantly upregulated, whereas the levels of Bclw, Mcl1 were downregulated. A significant induction in the expression of CYP1A1/1A2, 2B1/2B2, 2E1 was also observed in PC12 cells exposed to MCP (10−5 M), whereas induction of CYPs was insignificant in cells exposed to 10−6 M concentration of MCP. We believe that this is the first report showing altered expressions of selected CYPs in MCP-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. These apoptotic changes were mitochondria mediated and regulated by caspase cascade. Our data confirm the involvement of specific CYPs in MCP-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells and also identifies possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of organophosphate pesticide-induced apoptosis in neuronal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahendra Pratap Kashyap
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vivek Kumar
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Tripathi
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Ritesh Kumar Srivastava
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Megha Agrawal
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Vinay Kumar Khanna
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sanjay Yadav
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Aditya Bhushan Pant
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, India
- * E-mail:
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Abstract
The acquired depigmenting disorder of vitiligo affects an estimated 1% of the world population and constitutes one of the commonest dermatoses. Although essentially asymptomatic, the psychosocial impact of vitiligo can be severe. The cause of vitiligo remains enigmatic, hampering efforts at successful therapy. The underlying pathogenesis of the pigment loss has, however, been clarified to some extent in recent years, offering the prospect of effective treatment, accurate prognosis and rational preventative strategies. Vitiligo occurs when functioning melanocytes disappear from the epidermis. A single dominant pathway is unlikely to account for all cases of melanocyte loss in vitiligo; rather, it is the result of complex interactions of biochemical, environmental and immunological events, in a permissive genetic milieu. ROS (reactive oxygen species) and H2O2 in excess can damage biological processes, and this situation has been documented in active vitiligo skin. Tyrosinase activity is impaired by excess H2O2 through oxidation of methionine residues in this key melanogenic enzyme. Mechanisms for repairing this oxidant damage are also damaged by H2O2, compounding the effect. Numerous proteins and peptides, in addition to tyrosinase, are similarly affected. It is possible that oxidant stress is the principal cause of vitiligo. However, there is also ample evidence of immunological phenomena in vitiligo, particularly in established chronic and progressive disease. Both innate and adaptive arms of the immune system are involved, with a dominant role for T-cells. Sensitized CD8+ T-cells are targeted to melanocyte differentiation antigens and destroy melanocytes either as the primary event in vitiligo or as a secondary promotive consequence. There is speculation on the interplay, if any, between ROS and the immune system in the pathogenesis of vitiligo. The present review focuses on the scientific evidence linking alterations in ROS and/or T-cells to vitiligo.
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Kashyap MP, Singh AK, Siddiqui MA, Kumar V, Tripathi VK, Khanna VK, Yadav S, Jain SK, Pant AB. Caspase Cascade Regulated Mitochondria Mediated Apoptosis in Monocrotophos Exposed PC12 Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2010; 23:1663-72. [DOI: 10.1021/tx100234m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. P. Kashyap
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - A. K. Singh
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - M. A. Siddiqui
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - V. Kumar
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - V. K. Tripathi
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - V. K. Khanna
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - S. Yadav
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - S. K. Jain
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
| | - A. B. Pant
- Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India, Council of Scientific & Industrial Research, New Delhi, India, and Department of Biotechnology, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India
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