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Agarwal C, Jain M, Rajpoot J, Jain SK, Tyagi V, Abbas SZ, Sarohi M, Goel H. Proteinaceous Lymphadenopathy Masquerading as Malignancy: a Rare Case Presenting a Diagnostic Dilemma. Indian J Surg Oncol 2024; 15:121-124. [PMID: 38511026 PMCID: PMC10948678 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-023-01844-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteinaceous lymphadenopathy (PLD) is a rare poorly defined, underrecognized entity of uncertain etiology, characterized by massive deposition of amorphous, acellular, eosinophilic, PAS-positive material within an enlarged lymph node. We report an unusual case of a 46-year-old female with a large abdominal lump in the left lumbar region with inguinal lymphadenopathy. Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CECT) showed multiple variable-sized lobulated non-enhancing soft tissue attenuated masses showing multiple peripheral and central calcific foci in the right para-aortic, bilateral iliac region, pelvis on the left side and left inguinal region. No evidence of any abnormal hypermetabolic focus was found in the neck, chest, abdomen, and pelvis on fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography. A large, well-defined, non-FDG avid mass lesion with significant central and peripheral calcification in the left iliac fossa, abutting the descending colon, was seen. A biopsy of left-sided inguinal lymph nodes revealed large masses of an amorphous, acellular, eosinophilic material with areas of mature lymphoid cell aggregates interspersed between the pink amorphous materials. A final impression of proteinaceous lymphadenopathy was given. Proteinaceous lymphadenopathy is a benign condition with often a large mass masquerading as malignancy. It is a major therapeutic challenge for pathologists and clinicians. Histopathologists need to be vigilant in such cases and be aware of the morphological appearances in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charu Agarwal
- Dept. of Pathology, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Manjula Jain
- Dept. of Pathology, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Jyoti Rajpoot
- Dept. of Pathology, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - S. K. Jain
- Dept. of Surgery, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana India
| | - Vikas Tyagi
- Dept. of Surgery, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana India
| | - S. Zafar Abbas
- Dept. of Radiodiagnosis, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana India
| | - Monica Sarohi
- Dept. of Pathology, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
| | - Himani Goel
- Dept. of Pathology, ESIC Medical College, Faridabad, Haryana 121001 India
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Mirkale K, Jain SK, Oviya TS, Mahalingam S. Optomicrofluidic detection of cancer cells in peripheral blood via metabolic glycoengineering. Lab Chip 2023; 23:5151-5164. [PMID: 37955355 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00678f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
The currently existing label-based techniques for the detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) target natural surface proteins of cells and are therefore applicable to only limited cancer cell types. We report optomicrofluidic detection of cancer cells in the pool of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) by exploiting the difference in their cell metabolism. We employ metabolic glycoengineering as a click chemistry tool for tagging cells that yields several fold-higher fluorescence signals from cancer cells compared to that from PBMCs. The effects of concentrations of the tagging compounds and cell incubation time on the fluorescence signal intensity are studied. The tagged cells were encapsulated in droplets ensuring that cells enter the detection region two-dimensionally focused in single-file and optically detected with a high detection efficiency and low coefficient of variation of the signals. The metabolic tagging approach showed a significantly higher tagging efficiency and average fluorescence signal compared to the well-established and widely adopted anti-EpCAM-FITC-based tagging. We demonstrated the detection of three different cancer cell lines - EpCAM-negative cervical cancer cell, HeLa, weakly EpCAM positive, and triple-negative breast cancer cell, MDA-MB-231, and strongly EpCAM positive breast cancer cell, MCF7, highlighting that the proposed technique is independent of naturally occurring cell surface proteins and widely applicable. The metabolically tagged and optically detected cells were successfully recultured, proving the compatibility of the proposed technique with downstream assays. The proposed technique is then utilised for the detection of CTCs in metastatic cancer patients' blood. The current work provides a new strategy for detecting cancer cells in the blood that can find potential applications in both fundamental research and clinical studies involving CTCs as well as in single-cell sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Mirkale
- Micro Nano Bio Fluidics Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - S K Jain
- Micro Nano Bio Fluidics Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - T S Oviya
- Micro Nano Bio Fluidics Unit, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, Tamilnadu, India.
| | - S Mahalingam
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, National Cancer Tissue Biobank, Department of Biotechnology, Bhupat and Jyoti Mehta School of Biosciences, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India
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Ponnaiah M, Dikid T, Yadav R, Thangaraj JWV, Velusamy S, Vaisakh TP, Babu B, Mishra A, Patel P, Papanna M, Velayudhan A, Sharma R, Shrivastava A, Jain SK, Prasad R, Kumar S, Singh V, Singh SK, Murhekar M. Litchi consumption and missed meals continue to be associated with acute encephalopathy syndrome among children: an investigation of the 2019 outbreak in Muzaffarpur district, Bihar, India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2023; 117:45-49. [PMID: 36107937 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trac084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Muzaffarpur district in Bihar State of India recorded a resurgence of acute encephalopathy syndrome (AES) cases in the summer of 2019 after no reported outbreak in 3 y. Earlier studies generated evidence that litchi consumption and missing the previous evening's meal were associated with AES. We investigated the recent outbreak to understand the risk factors associated with AES. METHODS We conducted a matched case-control study by comparing AES cases with healthy controls from case-households and the neighborhood community for risk factors like missing evening meal and litchi consumption before onset of AES. RESULTS We recruited 61 cases and 239 controls. Compared with the community controls, case-patients were five times more likely to have reported eating litchi in the 7 d preceding the onset of illness (adjusted OR [AOR]=5.1; 95% CI 1.3 to 19) and skipping the previous evening's meal (AOR=5.2; 95% CI 1.4 to 20). Compared with household controls, case-patients were five times more likely to be children aged <5 y (AOR=5.3; 95% CI 1.3 to 22) and seven times more likely to have skipped the previous evening's meal (AOR=7.4; 95% CI 1.7 to 34). CONCLUSIONS Skipping the previous evening's meal and litchi consumption were significantly associated with AES among children in Muzaffarpur and adjoining districts of Bihar.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manickam Ponnaiah
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Tanzin Dikid
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Yadav
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Saravanakumar Velusamy
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - T P Vaisakh
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | - Binoy Babu
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | | | - Purvi Patel
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Papanna
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, New Delhi, India
| | | | - Rajeev Sharma
- US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, New Delhi, India
| | | | - S K Jain
- National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India
| | - Ravindra Prasad
- Sri Krishna Medical College & Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Varsha Singh
- Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | | | - Manoj Murhekar
- Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
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Rashid N, Nigam A, Kauser S, Prakash P, Jain SK, Wajid S. Assessment of insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome in young reproductive aged women with polycystic ovarian syndrome: analogy of surrogate indices. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:740-747. [PMID: 32037881 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1724157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovarian syndrome has emerged as a cardiometabolic disorder and aim of this study was to evaluate various surrogate indices and their diagnostic potential to determine the most convenient and cost-effective marker of IR, CVD, and MetS in these women. MATERIALS AND METHODS Ninety-five PCOS women and 45 age matched healthy women were enrolled. Measures included anthropometric and biochemical parameters, BMI, WHR, WHtR, BAI, VAI, LAP, HOMA-IR, and lipid profile. RESULTS LAP has highest AUC value 0.781 with cut-off value = 39.73 (sensitivity = 75% and specificity = 79.5%) for predicting IR and AUC value 0.83 with cut-off value = 35.63 (sensitivity = 94.4% and specificity = 77.3%) for predicting MetS in women with PCOS. LAP had statistically strong positive correlation with WC, BMI, WHR, fasting glucose, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TC, TG, and SBP. CONCLUSIONS LAP is a powerful and reliable marker for assessment of IR, CVD, and MetS risk in young Indian women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rashid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Aruna Nigam
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Sana Kauser
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Prem Prakash
- Jamia Hamdard Institute of Molecular Medicine (JHIMM), Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Girazian Z, Schneider NM, Milby Z, Fang X, Halekas J, Weber T, Jain SK, Gérard J, Soret L, Deighan J, Lee CO. Discrete Aurora at Mars: Dependence on Upstream Solar Wind Conditions. J Geophys Res Space Phys 2022; 127:e2021JA030238. [PMID: 35866072 PMCID: PMC9287011 DOI: 10.1029/2021ja030238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Discrete aurora at Mars, characterized by their small spatial scale and tendency to form near strong crustal magnetic fields, are emissions produced by particle precipitation into the Martian upper atmosphere. Since 2014, Mars Atmosphere and Volatile EvolutioN's (MAVEN's) Imaging Ultraviolet Spectrograph (IUVS) has obtained a large collection of UV discrete aurora observations during its routine periapsis nightside limb scans. Initial analysis of these observations has shown that, near the strongest crustal magnetic fields in the southern hemisphere, the IUVS discrete aurora detection frequency is highly sensitive to the interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) clock angle. However, the role of other solar wind properties in controlling the discrete aurora detection frequency has not yet been determined. In this work, we use the IUVS discrete aurora observations, along with MAVEN observations of the upstream solar wind, to determine how the discrete aurora detection frequency varies with solar wind dynamic pressure, IMF strength, and IMF cone angle. We find that, outside of the strong crustal field region (SCFR) in the southern hemisphere, the aurora detection frequency is relatively insensitive to the IMF orientation, but significantly increases with solar wind dynamic pressure, and moderately increases with IMF strength. Interestingly however, although high solar wind dynamic pressures cause more aurora to form, they have little impact on the brightness of the auroral emissions. Alternatively, inside the SCFR, the detection frequency is only moderately dependent on the solar wind dynamic pressure, and is much more sensitive to the IMF clock and cone angles. In the SCFR, aurora are unlikely to occur when the IMF points near the radial or anti-radial directions when the cone angle (arccos(B x /|B|)) is less than 30° or between 120° and 150°. Together, these results provide the first comprehensive characterization of how upstream solar wind conditions affect the formation of discrete aurora at Mars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z. Girazian
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - N. M. Schneider
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - Z. Milby
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - X. Fang
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - J. Halekas
- Department of Physics and AstronomyUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - T. Weber
- NASA Goddard Space Flight CenterGreenbeltMDUSA
| | - S. K. Jain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - J.‐C. Gérard
- LPAPSTAR InstituteUniversité de LiégeLiégeBelgium
| | - L. Soret
- LPAPSTAR InstituteUniversité de LiégeLiégeBelgium
| | - J. Deighan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space PhysicsUniversity of Colorado BoulderBoulderCOUSA
| | - C. O. Lee
- Space Sciences LaboratoryUniversity of CaliforniaBerkeleyCAUSA
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Kumar J, Murali-Baskaran RK, Jain SK, Sivalingam PN, Mallikarjuna J, Kumar V, Sharma KC, Sridhar J, Mooventhan P, Dixit A, Ghosh PK. Emerging and Re-emerging Biotic Stresses of Agricultural Crops in India and Novel Tools for their Better Management. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs%2fv121%2fi1%2f26-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023]
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Kumar J, Murali-Baskaran RK, Jain SK, Sivalingam PN, Mallikarjuna J, Kumar V, Sharma KC, Sridhar J, Mooventhan P, Dixit A, Ghosh PK. Emerging and Re-emerging Biotic Stresses of Agricultural Crops in India and Novel Tools for their Better Management. CURR SCI INDIA 2021. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v121/i1/26-36] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Mohta A, Jain SK, Mehta RD, Arora A. Development of eruptive pseudoangiomatosis following COVID-19 immunization - Apropos of 5 cases. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021; 35:e722-e725. [PMID: 34236736 PMCID: PMC8447312 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.17499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mohta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Government Medical College, Kota, Rajasthan, India
| | - R D Mehta
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
| | - A Arora
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Sardar Patel Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India
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Maramraj KK, Latha MLK, Reddy R, Sodha SV, Kaur S, Dikid T, Reddy S, Jain SK, Singh SK. Addressing Reemergence of Diphtheria among Adolescents through Program Integration in India. Emerg Infect Dis 2021; 27:953-956. [PMID: 33622492 PMCID: PMC7920661 DOI: 10.3201/eid2703.203205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a diphtheria outbreak mostly among children (median 12 years; range 4–26 years) of a religious minority in urban India. Case-fatality rate (15%, 19/124) was higher among unimmunized patients (relative risk 4.1, 95% CI 1.5–11.7). We recommend mandating and integrating immunization into school health programs to prevent reemergence.
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Banerjee U, Jain SK, Sen AK. Particle encapsulation in aqueous ferrofluid drops and sorting of particle-encapsulating drops from empty drops using a magnetic field. Soft Matter 2021; 17:6020-6028. [PMID: 34060567 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm00530h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Handling and manipulation of particle-encapsulating droplets (PED) have profound applications in biochemical assays. Herein we report encapsulation of microparticles in aqueous ferrofluid droplets in a primary continuous phase (CP) and sorting of PED from empty droplets (ED) at the interface of the CP in coflow with a second continuous phase using a magnetic field. We find that the encapsulation process results in a size contrast between the PED and ED that depends on the flow regime - squeezing, dripping, or jetting - which in turn is governed by the ratio of the discrete phase to the continuous phase capillary number, Car. The difference between the volume fractions of ferrofluid in the PED and ED, ΔαPED, is utilized for sorting, and is found to depend on the ratio of the capillary numbers, Car. The difference ΔαPED is found to be maximum in the jetting regime, suggesting that the jetting regime is most suitable for encapsulation and sorting. The sorting criterion is represented in terms of a parameter ξ, which is a function of the ratios of the magnetic force to the interfacial force experienced by the PED and ED. Our study revealed that sorting is possible for ξ < 0, which corresponds to ΔαPED > 0.25. The maximum sorting efficiency of our system is found to be ∼95% at a throughput of ∼100 drops per s.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Banerjee
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
| | - S K Jain
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
| | - A K Sen
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600036, India.
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Thakur SS, Lone AR, Tiwari SK, Jain SK, James SW, Yadav S. A contribution to the earthworm diversity (Clitellata, Moniligastridae) of Kerala, a component of the Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot, India, using integrated taxonomy. Anim Biodiv Conserv 2021. [DOI: 10.32800/abc.2021.44.0117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Earthworms (Clitellata, Moniligastridae) of Chaliyar River Malappuram, Eravikulam National Park, Neyyar Wildlife Sanctuary, Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, Peppara Wildlife Sanctuary, Periyar National Park, Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary and Wayanad Forest, Kerala, a component of the hotspot of Western Ghats, India, were studied by the standard method of taxonomy, and their DNA barcode signatures using the mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) were generated for the first time. This study
represents eleven species of earthworms of the family Moniligastridae: Drawida brunnea Stephenson, Drawida circumpapillata Aiyer, Drawida ghatensis Michaelsen, Drawida impertusa Stephenson, Drawida nilamburensis (Bourne), Drawida robusta (Bourne), Drawida scandens Rao, Drawida travancorense Michaelsen, Moniligaster aiyeri Gates, Moniligaster deshayesi Perrier, and Moniligaster gravelyi (Stephenson). In the phylogenetic analysis all the species were recovered in both neighbour–joining (NJ) and maximum likelihood (ML) trees with high clade support. The average K2P distance within and between species was 1.2 % and 22 %, whereas the clear barcode gap of 2–5 % was suggested by barcode gap analysis (BGA) of studied species, reflecting the accuracy of characterization. The study presents the first step in the molecular characterization of the native earthworm family Moniligastridae of India.
Data published through GBIF (Doi: 10.15470/l2nlhz)
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Affiliation(s)
- S. S. Thakur
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Biological Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - A. R. Lone
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S. K. Tiwari
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S. K. Jain
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - S. W. James
- Department of Regenerative Agriculture, Maharishi International University, Iowa, USA
| | - S. Yadav
- Department of Zoology, School of Biological Sciences, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Kaushal K, Dhuria M, Mariam W, Jain SK, Singh S, Garg S, Chauhan A, Singh R. Experience of setting up of Control room for COVID-19 at NCDC, New Delhi. J Family Med Prim Care 2021; 10:1082-1085. [PMID: 34041133 PMCID: PMC8140225 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1826_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Revised: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant public health events of the 21st century include epidemic prone diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS), influenza A (H1N1), Ebola virus disease, and coronavirus (SARS-COV-2). Preparedness as well as risk mitigation strategies play an integral role for the success of responses to such health emergencies. An extraordinary cluster of cases of respiratory disease of unknown cause triggered a series of events that constituted a public health risk across the globe through international spread from China and was declared a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) on 30 January, 2020 by the World Health Organization (WHO). To monitor implementation of activities in order to contain the local transmission of COVID-2019 in India, a control room was established at the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), New Delhi on 23rd January, 2020 under the Integrated Disease Surveillance Project (IDSP). The main objectives of the control room were to alleviate the concerns and address queries of passengers arriving from the affected countries and also to provide the general public information regarding the measures to be taken as well as the contact details of the respected district health authorities for further necessary action. A total of 183 hunting lines were established at the NCDC, Noida, TB Centre, and the National Health Authority (NHA) Hyderabad and Bengaluru by March 2020. A total of 79,013 calls, 1,04,779 emails, and 1,787 international calls were received w.e.f. 23 January to 30 March, 2020 at the NCDC control room. The NHA Bengaluru and Hyderabad Control room received 3,52,176 calls w.e.f. 15 March to 30 March and TB Noida control room received 55,018 calls w.e.f. 16 March to 30 March, 2020. This prompt action of the center to set up a control room at the NCDC gave the states enough grace period to train their staff and start their individual help lines for addressing people's queries and allay fears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanica Kaushal
- Public Health Consultant, SAFETY-NET, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Meera Dhuria
- Deputy Director, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Warisha Mariam
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Additional Director and HOD Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Sujeet Singh
- Director, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Suneela Garg
- Department of Community Medicine, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Chauhan
- Consultant, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
| | - Ram Singh
- Additional Director, National Centre for Disease Control, New Delhi, India
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Gupta N, Sahar T, Khowal S, Ganaie IA, Mughees M, Khullar D, Jain SK, Wajid S. Differential levels of CHMP2B, LLPH, and SLC25A51 proteins in secondary renal amyloidosis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:65-73. [PMID: 33583303 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1890588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Renal amyloidosis (RA) is a rare disease, typically manifested with proteinuria, nephrotic syndrome, and ultimately leads to renal failure. The present study aims to profile the proteomes of renal amyloidosis patient's serum and healthy controls, along with relative quantification to find out robust markers for RA. METHODS In this study, 12 RA patients and their corresponding age and gender-matched healthy controls were recruited from the Nephrology department of Max Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi. We employed gel-based proteomic approach coupled with MALDI-TOF MS to compare protein expression patterns in RA patients and controls. Furthermore, validation of differential proteins (selected) was done using bio-layer interferometry. RESULTS Eleven proteins showed remarkably altered expression levels. Moreover, expression modulation of three proteins (LLPH, SLC25A51, and CHMP2B) was validated which corroborated with two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) results showing significant upregulation (p < 0.05) in RA patients followed by ROC analysis which demonstrated the diagnostic potential of these proteins. A protein-protein master network was generated implicating the above identified proteins along with their interactors, fishing out the routes leading to amyloidosis. CONCLUSION This study indicates that the identified serum proteomic signatures could improve early diagnosis and lead to possible therapeutic targets in RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Tahreem Sahar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Sapna Khowal
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Ishfaq Ahmad Ganaie
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Mohd Mughees
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Dinesh Khullar
- Department of Nephrology Nephrology and Renal Transplant Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital (A Unit of Devki Devi Foundation), New Delhi, INDIA
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, INDIA
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Keesari T, Pant D, Roy A, Sinha UK, Jaryal A, Singh M, Jain SK. Fluoride Geochemistry and Exposure Risk Through Groundwater Sources in Northeastern Parts of Rajasthan, India. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2021; 80:294-307. [PMID: 33388840 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Exposure to fluoride concentrations above a threshold of 1.5 mg/L can cause joint pains, restricted mobility, skeletal and dental fluorosis. This study aims to determine the hydrochemical evolution of the fluoride-rich groundwater and estimate the risk of fluoride exposure to the residents of semi-arid northeastern part of Rajasthan, India. The methodology involves measurement of fluoride and other ionic concentrations in groundwater using ion chromatography, followed by an estimation of the cumulative density function and fluorosis risk. The fluoride concentration in water samples varied from 0.04 to 8.2 mg/L with 85% samples falling above the permissible limit. The empirical cumulative density function was used to estimate the percentage and degree of health risks associated with the consumption of F- contaminated water. It is found that 55% of the samples indicate risk of dental fluorosis, 42% indicate risk of deformities to knee and hip bones, and 18% indicate risk of crippling fluorosis. In addition, instances of high nitrate concentrations above the permissible limit of 45 mg/L are also found in 13% of samples. The fluoride rich groundwater is mainly associated with the Na-HCO3-Cl type water facies while low fluoride groundwater shows varied chemical facies. The saturation index values indicate a high probability of a further increase in F- concentration in groundwater of this region. The calculated fluoride exposure risk for the general public in the study area is 3-6 times higher than the allowed limit of 0.05 mg/kg/day. Based on the results of this study, a fluorosis index map was prepared for the study area. The northern and northeastern parts are less prone to fluorosis, whereas the south-central and southwestern parts are highly vulnerable to fluorosis. The inferences from this study help to prioritize the regions that need immediate attention for remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tirumalesh Keesari
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Diksha Pant
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Annadasankar Roy
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Uday Kumar Sinha
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India
| | - Ajay Jaryal
- Isotope Hydrology Section, Isotope and Radiation Application Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400085, India
| | - Manveer Singh
- Central Ground Water Board, Western Region (WR), Jaipur, Ministry of Water Resources-GR & RD, Government of India, Jaipur, India
| | - S K Jain
- Central Ground Water Board, Western Region (WR), Jaipur, Ministry of Water Resources-GR & RD, Government of India, Jaipur, India
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Sahar T, Nigam A, Anjum S, Waziri F, Jain SK, Wajid S. Differential expression of Lumican, Mimecan, Annexin A5 and Serotransferrin in ectopic and matched eutopic endometrium in ovarian endometriosis: a case-control study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2021; 37:56-60. [PMID: 32964764 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2020.1824218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Endometriosis is a debilitating disease marked by recurrent gynecological proliferations. The present study aimed at performing differential proteomic analysis of matched eutopic and ectopic endometrium from women with ovarian endometriosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Proteomes were resolved using nano LC-MS and further identified and quantified using ProteinLynx Global SERVER (PLGS) software. Selected proteins were further chosen for validation by real time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS The protein profiles uncovered several differentially expressed proteins in the diseased sample (ectopic endometrium) as compared to the reference sample (eutopic endometrium). The study involved an advanced proteomic approach, nano LC-MS, and validates for the first time the upregulation of Mimecan and Lumican proteins in endometriosis. CONCLUSIONS These proteins may hence prove as potentially useful tools in the search for diagnostic markers for early detection of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahreem Sahar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Aruna Nigam
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, HIMSR and HAH Centenary Hospital, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Shadab Anjum
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Farheen Waziri
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, India
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Nafees H, Usmani D, Sharma S, Jain SK. Association of temporal bone pneumatization and dehiscence of facial nerve canal: A cadaveric study. Acta Med Int 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/amit.amit_119_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
We show that adjacent liquid droplets exhibit long-range attraction and repulsion on an immiscible liquid impregnating a surface when either the drop or the impregnating liquid is volatile. Remarkably, we find that at small times the interaction is attractive, analogous to the "Cheerios effect", but at large times the interaction becomes repulsive depicting the "reverse-Cheerios effect". Our study reveals that the interaction is underpinned by wetting and capillarity, buoyancy, and evaporation phenomena. We experimentally observe the interaction between a pair of droplets and provide a theoretical framework to quantitatively predict their transport behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Majhy
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - S K Jain
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
| | - A K Sen
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, Tamilnadu, India
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Gupta N, Sahar T, Khullar D, Jain SK, Wajid S. Differential expression of MAP3K7 and TROPONIN C proteins and related perturbations in renal amyloidosis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2020; 17:685-694. [PMID: 33023362 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2020.1833722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Renal amyloidosis (RA) is a rare protein misfolding disorder that prompts progressive renal insufficiency. This study aimed to decipher proteomic changes in human sera to understand the pathophysiology and molecular mechanisms underlying the disease development, hence assisting in the diagnosis of RA. METHODS Serum proteomic analysis was performed using a gel-based approach followed by MALDI-TOF MS. RA patients with age and sex matched healthy volunteers were recruited from Max Super Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India. RESULTS Proteome profiles of serum revealed eight differentially expressed proteins namely, Zinc finger protein 624, Protein FAM183A, Calcium-binding mitochondrial carrier protein Scamc-3, V-type proton ATPase 116 kDa subunit A isoforms 2, Protein TXNRD3NB, ATP - dependent RNA helicase, Troponin C and Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 7. These proteins were reported first time in RA. The increased levels of MAP3K7 and TROPONIN C were validated by bio-layer interferometry and their diagnostic accuracy was evaluated by ROC curve analysis. The differentially expressed proteins were predominantly associated with vesicular trafficking, transcriptional regulation, metabolic processes, apoptotic process and mitochondrial metabolism. CONCLUSION The results indicate that these proteomic signatures may be considered as potential molecular targets for RA diagnostics and therapeutics subject to validation on large sample size. Abbreviations: AβP= Amyloid-beta protein, Aβ=Amyloid-beta, AL= Light chain amyloidosis, AA= Amyloid A, ALECT2= LECT2 amyloidosis, APS= Ammonium persulfate CKD= Chronic Kidney Diseases, EBRT= external beam radiation therapy, ESRD= End-Stage Kidney Disease, Glis2= Gli-similar 2, JNK= c-Jun NH 2-terminal kinase, MAPK= Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, MM=Multiple Myeloma, PHD= Prolyl hydroxylase, RA = Renal Amyloidosis, SAA= Serum Amyloid A, SD= Standard Deviation, Sepp= Selenoprotein, SCC= Squamous cell carcinoma, SDS= Sodium dodecyl sulfate, TEMED = tetramethyl ethylenediamine, TGF-Beta-1=Transforming growth factor- Beta-1, Trx = Thioredoxin, TrxR= Thioredoxin reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nimisha Gupta
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi, India
| | - Tahreem Sahar
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi, India
| | - Dinesh Khullar
- Nephrology and Renal Transplant Medicine, Max Super Speciality Hospital , New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard , New Delhi, India
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Aggrawal V, Dikid T, Jain SK, Pandey A, Khasnobis P, Choudhary S, Chandra R, Patil A, Maramraj KK, Talyan A, Singh A, Babu BS, Kumar A, Kumar D, Raveesh PM, Singh J, Kumar R, Qadri SS, Madan P, Vardan V, Dzeyie KA, Gupta G, Mishra A, Vaisakh TP, Patel P, Jainul A, Kaur S, Shrivastava A, Dhuria M, Chauhan R, Singh SK. Disease surveillance during a large religious mass gathering in India: The Prayagraj Kumbh 2019 experience. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 101:167-173. [PMID: 32979588 PMCID: PMC7513824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.09.1424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
At Kumbh Mela 2019, disease surveillance was established for 22 acute diseases and syndromes. Among the reported illnesses, 95% were communicable diseases such as acute respiratory illness (35%), acute fever (28%), and skin infections (18%). The incident command centre generated 12 early warning signals from indicator-based and event-based surveillance: acute diarrheal diseases (n = 8, 66%), vector-borne diseases (n = 2, 16%), vaccine-preventable disease (n = 1, 8%), and thermal event (n = 1, 8%). There were two outbreaks (acute gastroenteritis and chickenpox) that were investigated and controlled. Implementation of disease surveillance facilitated early outbreak detection and response.
Background Mass gathering (MG) events are associated with public health risks. During the period January 14 to March 4, 2019, Kumbh Mela in Prayagraj, India was attended by an estimated 120 million visitors. An onsite disease surveillance was established to identify and respond to disease outbreaks. Methods A health coordination committee was established for planning. Disease surveillance was prioritized and risk assessment was done to identify diseases/conditions based on epidemic potential, severity of illness, and reporting requirement under the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005. A daily indicator and event-based disease surveillance was planned. The indicator-based surveillance (IBS) manually and electronically recorded data from patient hospital visits and collected MG area water testing data to assess trends. The event-based surveillance (EBS) helped identify outbreak signals based on pre-identified event triggers from the media, private health facilities, and the food safety department. Epidemic intelligence was used to analyse the data and events to detect signals, verify alerts, and initiate the response. Results At Kumbh Mela, disease surveillance was established for 22 acute diseases/syndromes. Sixty-five health facilities reported 156 154 illnesses (21% of a total 738 526 hospital encounters). Among the reported illnesses, 95% (n = 148 834) were communicable diseases such as acute respiratory illness (n = 52 504, 5%), acute fever (n = 41 957, 28%), and skin infections (n = 27 094, 18%). The remaining 5% (n = 7300) were non-communicable diseases (injuries n = 6601, 90%; hypothermia n = 224, 3%; burns n = 210, 3%). Water samples tested inadequate for residual chlorine in 20% of samples (102/521). The incident command centre generated 12 early warning signals from IBS and EBS: acute diarrheal disease (n = 8, 66%), vector-borne disease (n = 2, 16%), vaccine-preventable disease (n = 1, 8%), and thermal event (n = 1, 8%). There were two outbreaks (acute gastroenteritis and chickenpox) that were investigated and controlled. Conclusions This onsite disease surveillance imparted a public health legacy by successfully implementing an epidemic intelligence enabled system for early disease detection and response to monitor public health risks. Acute respiratory illnesses emerged as a leading cause of morbidity among visitors. Future MG events should include disease surveillance as part of planning and augment capacity for acute respiratory illness diagnosis and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vikasendu Aggrawal
- State Surveillance Office, Uttar Pradesh Department of Health, Lucknow, India.
| | - Tanzin Dikid
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - S K Jain
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Ashu Pandey
- State Surveillance Office, Uttar Pradesh Department of Health, Lucknow, India.
| | - Pradeep Khasnobis
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Sushma Choudhary
- South Asia Field Epidemiology and Technology Network, Delhi, India.
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Amol Patil
- South Asia Field Epidemiology and Technology Network, Delhi, India.
| | | | - Ashok Talyan
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Akhileshwar Singh
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Binoy S Babu
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Akshay Kumar
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Davendra Kumar
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - P M Raveesh
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Jayanti Singh
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - S S Qadri
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Preeti Madan
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Vaishali Vardan
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | | | - Ginisha Gupta
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Abhishek Mishra
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - T P Vaisakh
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Purvi Patel
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Azar Jainul
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Suneet Kaur
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | | | - Meera Dhuria
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
| | - Ritu Chauhan
- World Health Organization India Office, Delhi, India.
| | - S K Singh
- Epidemiology Division, National Centre for Disease Control, Delhi, India.
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Abstract
The manipulation of aqueous droplets has a profound significance in biochemical assays. Magnetic field-driven droplet manipulation, offering unique advantages, is consequently gaining attention. However, the phenomenon relating to diamagnetic droplets is not well understood. Here, we report the understanding of trapping and coalescence of flowing diamagnetic aqueous droplets in a paramagnetic (oil-based ferrofluid) medium using negative magnetophoresis. Our study revealed that the trapping phenomenon is underpinned by the interplay of magnetic energy (Em) and frictional (viscous) energy (Ef), in terms of magnetophoretic stability number, Sm = (Em/Ef). The trapping and nontrapping regimes are characterized based on the peak value of magnetophoretic stability number, Smp, and droplet size, D*. The study of coalescence of a trapped droplet with a follower droplet (and a train of droplets) revealed that the film-drainage Reynolds number (Refd) representing the coalescence time depends on the magnetic Bond number, Bom. The coalesced droplet continues to remain trapped or gets self-released obeying the Smp and D* criterion. Our study offers an understanding of the magnetic manipulation of diamagnetic aqueous droplets that can potentially be used for biochemical assays in microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Jain
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - U Banerjee
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
| | - A K Sen
- Micro Nano Bio-Fluidics Unit, Fluid Systems Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai 600036, India
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Dikid T, Chaudhary S, Goel K, Padda P, Sahu R, Kumar T, Jain SK, Singh SK, Narain JP. Responding to COVID-19 pandemic: Why a strong health system is required. Indian J Med Res 2020; 151:140-145. [PMID: 32317411 PMCID: PMC7366545 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_761_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tanzin Dikid
- National Centre for Disease Control, South Delhi Municipal Corporation, New Delhi 110 022, India
| | | | - Kapil Goel
- Department of Community Medicine, School of Public Health, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh 160 012, India
| | - Preeti Padda
- Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College, Amritsar 143 001, Punjab, India
| | - Rajesh Sahu
- Department of Community Medicine, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune 411 040, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tripurari Kumar
- Tuglakabad Health Centre, South Delhi Municipal Corporation, New Delhi 110 022, India
| | - S K Jain
- National Centre for Disease Control, South Delhi Municipal Corporation, New Delhi 110 022, India
| | - S K Singh
- National Centre for Disease Control, South Delhi Municipal Corporation, New Delhi 110 022, India
| | - Jai Prakash Narain
- Former Director, Communicable Diseases, World Health Organization Regional Office for South-East Asia, New Delhi 110 002, India
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Ghodke DV, Khare RK, Kumar R, Pathak M, Jain SK, Amban A, MuraliKrishnan K, Senecha VK. Development of a pulsed radio frequency ignited multicusp-free negative hydrogen ion source. Rev Sci Instrum 2020; 91:043506. [PMID: 32357709 DOI: 10.1063/1.5126269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A multicusp-free external antenna based radio frequency (RF) negative hydrogen (H-) ion source was developed to produce 16 mA of H- ion current at -50 kVDC accelerating voltage operated with a pulse width of 2 ms at 2 Hz repetition rate. A pulsed RF igniter system is devised for generating the initial electron and ion pairs required to generate the main plasma in the pulsed mode. This pulsed RF igniter reliably starts ignition with a hydrogen gas flow rate in the range of 18-50 standard cubic centimeter per minute (SCCM). This system eliminates the need of igniter in continuous operation although it is operated in low power mode. This source operating at a low average power and without any moving parts can be expected to have a superior lifetime. This paper describes the development and operational characteristics of the pulsed RF ignited H- ion source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharmraj V Ghodke
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - R K Khare
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - Rajnish Kumar
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - Manish Pathak
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - S K Jain
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - Ajith Amban
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - K MuraliKrishnan
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
| | - V K Senecha
- Proton Linac Development Division, Raja Ramanna Centre for Advanced Technology, Indore 452 013, India
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Kumar R, Pujari PR, Chauhan P, Agarwal SP, Jain SK, Jain S, Elango L, Muduli PR, Padmakar C, Deshpande L, Kapley A, Vijay R, Dhyani S, Verma P. Environmental Science and Remote Sensing Applications in Hydrological Studies. PINSA 2020. [DOI: 10.16943/ptinsa/2020/49803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Agarwal N, Jain SK, Sharma V, Singhvi S, Gandhi S. Intracranial Hemorrhage in a Young Woman: An Unusual Initial Presentation of Undiagnosed Choriocarcinoma. J Neurosci Rural Pract 2019; 10:371-373. [PMID: 31001040 PMCID: PMC6454938 DOI: 10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_307_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Choriocarcinoma is an uncommon tumor. Undiagnosed choriocarcinoma initially presenting with intracranial hemorrhage in an apparently healthy female is rare and presents a diagnostic difficulty. The authors report a case presenting as intracranial hemorrhage of unsuspected choriocarcinoma. As the measurement of beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) would have helped in the preoperative diagnosis, estimation of serum β-hCG levels is suggested in the diagnostic workup of a female of reproductive age group when radiological investigations are inconclusive. Craniotomy and excision of tumor followed by chemotherapy and radiotherapy may improve the outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Navneet Agarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Vinod Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shashi Singhvi
- Department of Pathology, Pathocare Diagnostic and Research Center, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sapna Gandhi
- Department of Pathology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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Rai SP, Singh D, Saini R, Rathore DS, Kumar S, Jain SK, Pant N. Possibility of Hydrological Connectivity between Manasarovar Lake and Gangotri Glacier. CURR SCI INDIA 2019. [DOI: 10.18520/cs/v116/i7/1062-1067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Jain A, Tiwari A, Verma A, Jain SK. Vitamins for Cancer Prevention and Treatment: An Insight. Curr Mol Med 2019; 17:321-340. [PMID: 29210648 DOI: 10.2174/1566524018666171205113329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 10/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Over a few decades a strong interlink between oxidative damage and cancer has been investigated by various scientists across the world on the basis of epidemiological observations of the effects of fruits and vegetables used in the diet for cancer patients. Primarily, Vitamin C, Vitamin D and Vitamin E are reported to be involved in the amelioration of side effects which occur in chemotherapy and radiation therapy of lungs, stomach, prostate, colorectal, gastric head and neck cancers. The vitamins acting as antioxidant adjuvants are found to have apoptotic and antiangiogenesis potential as well as inhibitory effects against metastasis in cancer cells. This chapter explicitly discusses the key aspects concerned with the vitamins in relation to cancer prevention and treatment. It describes vitamins and their natural resources, role of vitamins in the body, and vitamins as prime ingredients in the diet and their effects on cancer biology with reference to recent research reports. Moreover, this paper also includes the emerging potential of pharmaceutical advances to enhance bioavailability of the vitamins to cancer patients with improved safety and efficacy. Clinicians and researchers must mull over the nutritional requirements of individual cancer patient so as to treat cancer and increase life expectancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Jain
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road, Mathura (U.P.), 281 406. India
| | - A Tiwari
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar (M.P.), 470 003. India
| | - A Verma
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar (M.P.), 470 003. India
| | - S K Jain
- Pharmaceutics Research Projects Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr. Hari Singh Gour Central University, Sagar (M.P.), 470 003. India
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Shaikh N, Gupte A, Dharmshale S, Pokkali S, Thakar M, Upadhye VJ, Ordonez AA, Kinikar A, Gupte N, Mave V, Kagal A, Gupta A, Lalvani A, Paranjpe R, Bharadwaj R, Jain SK. Novel interferon-gamma assays for diagnosing tuberculosis in young children in India. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:412-419. [PMID: 28284256 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING The tuberculin skin test (TST) and interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) are used as supportive evidence to diagnose active tuberculosis (TB). Novel IGRAs could improve diagnosis, but data are lacking in young children. DESIGN Children (age 5 years) with suspected TB were prospectively screened at a tertiary hospital in Pune, India; the children underwent TST, and standard (early secretory antigenic target 6 and culture filtrate protein 10) and enhanced (five additional novel antigens) enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assays. RESULTS Of 313 children (median age 30 months) enrolled, 92% had received bacille Calmette-Guérin vaccination, 53% were malnourished and 9% were coinfected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); 48 (15%) had TB, 128 (41%) did not, and TB could not be ruled out in 137 (44%). The sensitivity of enhanced (45%) and standard (42%) ELISpot assays for diagnosing TB was better than that of TST (20%) (P 0.03); however, enhanced ELISpot was not more sensitive than the standard ELISpot assay (P = 0.50). The specificity of enhanced ELISpot, standard ELISpot and TST was respectively 82% (95%CI 74-89), 88% (95%CI 81-94) and 98% (95%CI 93-100). Rv3879c and Rv3615c, previously reported to be promising antigens, failed to improve the diagnostic performance of the ELISpot assay. CONCLUSION The TST and the standard and novel ELISpot assays performed poorly in diagnosing active TB among young children in India.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Shaikh
- National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - A Gupte
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - S Dharmshale
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S Pokkali
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - M Thakar
- National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | | | - A A Ordonez
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - A Kinikar
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - N Gupte
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - V Mave
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA, Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - A Kagal
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - A Gupta
- Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | | | - R Paranjpe
- National AIDS Research Institute, Pune, India
| | - R Bharadwaj
- Byramjee Jeejeebhoy Government Medical College, Pune, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Tuberculosis Research, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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Yadav P, Masroor M, Nandi K, Kaza RCM, Jain SK, Khurana N, Saxena A. Promoter Methylation of BRCA1, DAPK1 and RASSF1A is
Associated with Increased Mortality among Indian Women
with Breast Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:443-448. [PMID: 29480000 PMCID: PMC5980932 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.2.443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Promoter methylation has been observed for several genes in association with cancer development and
progression. Hypermethylation mediated-silencing of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) may contribute to breast cancer
pathogenesis. The present study was conducted to investigate the promoter methylation status of BRCA1, DAPK1 and
RASSF1A genes in Indian women with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: Promoter methylation was evaluated
in DNA extracted from mononuclear cells (MNCs) in peripheral blood samples of 60 histopathologically confirmed
newly diagnosed, untreated cases of breast cancer as well as 60 age and sex matched healthy controls using MS-PCR.
Association of promoter methylation with breast cancer-specific mortality was analyzed with Cox proportional hazards
models. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was performed for overall survival of the breast cancer patients. Results: We
observed a significant increase of BRCA1, DAPK1 and RASSF1A promoter methylation levels by 51.7% (P <0.001),
55.0% (P <0.001) and 46.6% (P <0.001), respectively, when compared to healthy controls. A strong correlation was
noted between hypermethylation of the tumor suppressor genes BRCA1 (P= 0.009), DAPK1 (P= 0.008) and RASSF1A
(P= 0.02)) with early and advanced stages of breast cancer patients. We also found that breast cancer-specific mortality
was significantly associated with promoter methylation of BRCA1 [HR and 95% CI: 3.25 (1.448-7.317)] and DAPK1
[HR and 95% CI: 2.32 (1.05-5.11)], whereas limited significant link was evident with RASSF1A [HR and 95% CI: 1.54
(0.697-3.413]. Conclusion: Our results suggest that promoter methylation of BRCA1, DAPK1 and RASSF1A genes
may be associated with disease progression and poor overall survival of Indian women with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasant Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.,Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Bagri
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Haryana, India
| | - S. K. Jain
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Haryana, India
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33
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Jain SK, Chandra K, Khan W, Jetley S, Ahmad S. Antidiabetic, toxicological, and metabolomic profiling of aqueous extract of Cichorium intybus seeds. Pharmacogn Mag 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/pm.pm_583_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Abstract
One hundred lower limb amputees wearing prostheses for more than 5 years were studied and long terms effects on stumps were noted. Common changes were tissue destruction, tissue proliferation, contact dermatitis, circulatory changes, recurrent folliculitis, bursa formation, and eczematous changes. Out of 100 stumps examined long terms changes were observed in 25 stumps.
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Affiliation(s)
- P S Bhandari
- Graded Specialist Surgery, Military Hospital Shimla
| | - S K Jain
- Sr Adviser Surgery, Artificial Limb Centre, Pune 411040
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35
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Allard RW, Jain SK. POPULATION STUDIES IN PREDOMINANTLY SELF‐POLLINATED SPECIES. II. ANALYSIS OF QUANTITATIVE GENETIC CHANGES IN A BULK‐HYBRID POPULATION OF BARLEY. Evolution 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1962.tb03201.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - S. K. Jain
- University of California Davis California
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36
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Affiliation(s)
- S. K. Jain
- Department of Agronomy and Range Science University of California Davis
| | - D. R. Marshall
- Department of Agronomy and Range Science University of California Davis
| | - K. Wu
- Department of Agronomy and Range Science University of California Davis
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37
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Rashid N, Nigam A, Saxena P, Jain SK, Wajid S. Association of IL-1β, IL-1Ra and FABP1 gene polymorphisms with the metabolic features of polycystic ovary syndrome. Inflamm Res 2017; 66:621-636. [PMID: 28405733 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-017-1045-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), a highly prevalent endocrinopathy is currently being designated as chronic low grade inflammatory state. IL-1β, IL-1Ra and FABP1 are critical mediators of inflammatory processes and are speculated to play a role in the pathogenesis of PCOS. The aim of this study was to study the association of IL-β, IL-1Ra and FABP1 gene polymorphisms with PCOS and related metabolic features. SUBJECTS 95 PCOS and 45 age matched healthy control subjects were enrolled in this study. METHODS Polymorphism in genes IL-1β, IL-1Ra and FABP1 was studied by PCR, PCR-RFLP and sequencing methods, respectively. Hormonal and lipid profiles were evaluated for all the subjects. RESULTS Hormonal and lipid profiles showed significant differences between PCOS and control subjects. Allele and genotype frequencies of IL-1β, IL-1Ra and FABP1 gene polymorphisms did not vary between the control and PCOS group. However, T allele of C[-511]T variant of IL-1β, allele II in intron 2 of IL-1Ra and A allele of A/G variant of FABP1 (rs2197076) showed significant association with many metabolic features associated with PCOS. CONCLUSIONS Polymorphism in genes encoding cytokines and proteins involved in lipid metabolism can provide insights into the genetics of the disease and may contribute to assess the associated risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD), dyslipidemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS) associated with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Rashid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Aruna Nigam
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Pikee Saxena
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and SSK Hospital, New Delhi, 110001, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Biochemistry, Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India
| | - Saima Wajid
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi, 110062, India.
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38
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Ghode P, Jain SK. Structural Requirements for some 3-amino-N-substituted-4-(substituted phenyl) Butanamides as Dipeptidyl Peptidase-IV Inhibitors Using 3D-QSAR and Molecular Docking Approaches. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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39
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Jain SK, Sharma S. Crafted Publication. Acta Med Int 2017. [DOI: 10.5530/ami.ed.4.1.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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40
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Yadav P, Mirza M, Nandi K, Jain SK, Kaza RCM, Khurana N, Ray PC, Saxena A. Serum microRNA-21 expression as a prognostic and therapeutic biomarker for breast cancer patients. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:15275-15282. [PMID: 27696295 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5361-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MiRNA-21 is recognized as the main active candidate and high expression in many solid tumors consequential cell proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and closely related to metastasis of disease. The study aimed to evaluate the serum miRNA-21 expression and therapy outcome in breast cancer patients and cell lines. Seventy-five histopathologically confirmed newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were included in the study; before and after therapy, patient's blood sample were collected and analyzed for serum microRNA-21 expression by quantitative real-time PCR. In patients, 8.9 mean fold increased microRNA-21 expression was observed compared to controls. Increased expression was found to be associated with advanced stage (11.72-fold), lymph node involvement (11.12-fold), and distant metastases (20.17-fold). After treatment significant decrease in miRNA-21 expression was observed and found to be significant (p < 0.0001). Patients treated with neoadjuvant therapy had significant impact on miRNA-21 suppression and found to be significantly associated with different clinicopathological features of patients. Increased miRNA-21 expression was also found to be significantly associated with poor survival of breast cancer patients (p = 0.002). MicroRNA-21 expression could be used as promising predictive indicators for breast cancer prognosis. MicroRNA-21 over-expression was associated with response to neoadjuvant therapy and may perhaps be considered as primary treatment choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasant Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Masroor Mirza
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Kajal Nandi
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - R C M Kaza
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Nita Khurana
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - P C Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - Alpana Saxena
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India.
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Abstract
Carcinoid tumors are rarely known to metastasise to the brain. It is even more rare for such patients to present with symptoms related to metastases as the initial and only symptom. We present a case of a 60-year-old man who presented with hemiparesis and imaging features suggestive of brain tumor. He underwent surgery and the histopathology revealed metastatic malignant lesion of neuroendocrine origin. A subsequent work up for the primary was negative. Patient was treated with adjuvant radiotherapy. We present this case to highlight the pathophysiological features, workup and treatment options of this rare disease and discuss the methods of differentiating it from more common brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Vijay Sundar
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Dhrubajyoti Kurmi
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rakesh Sharma
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sanjeev Chopra
- Department of Neurosurgery, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shashi Singhvi
- Department of Pathology, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
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42
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Dimri AP, Thayyen RJ, Kibler K, Stanton A, Jain SK, Tullos D, Singh VP. A review of atmospheric and land surface processes with emphasis on flood generation in the Southern Himalayan rivers. Sci Total Environ 2016; 556:98-115. [PMID: 26974566 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.02.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2016] [Revised: 02/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Floods in the southern rim of the Indian Himalayas are a major cause of loss of life, property, crops, infrastructure, etc. They have long term socio-economic impacts on the habitat living along/across the Himalayas. In the recent decade extreme precipitation events have led to numerous flash floods in and around the Himalayan region. Sporadic case-based studies have tried to explain the mechanisms causing the floods. However, in some of the cases, the causative mechanisms have been elusive. Various types of flood events have been debated at different spatial and temporal scales. The present study provides an overview of mechanisms that lead to floods in and around the southern rim of the Indian Himalayas. Atmospheric processes, landuse interaction, and glacier-related outbreaks are considered in the overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Dimri
- School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - R J Thayyen
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - K Kibler
- University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
| | - A Stanton
- Water Resources Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - S K Jain
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - D Tullos
- Water Resources Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA
| | - V P Singh
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, and Zachry Department of Civil Engineering, Texas A & M University, College Station, TX, USA
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43
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Abstract
Yaws, a non-venereal treponematosis, affecting primarily the tribal populations, has been considered historically as one of the most neglected tropical diseases in the world. In 1996, India piloted an initiative to eradicate yaws based on a strategy consisting of active case finding through house-to-house search and treatment of cases and their contacts with long acting penicillin. Thereafter, the campaign implemented in all 51 endemic districts in 10 States of the country led to the achievement of a yaws-free status in 2004. In the post-elimination phase, surveillance activities accompanied by serological surveys were continued in the erstwhile endemic districts. These surveys carried out among children between the age of 1-5 yr, further confirmed the absence of community transmission in the country. The experience of India demonstrates that yaws can be eradicated in all endemic countries of Africa and Asia, provided that political commitment can be mobilized and community level activities sustained until the goal is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai P Narain
- Epidemiology & Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS), National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC), Delhi, India
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44
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Yadav P, Mir R, Nandi K, Javid J, Masroor M, Ahmad I, Zuberi M, Kaza RCM, Jain SK, Khurana N, Ray PC, Saxena A. The C609T (Pro187Ser) Null Polymorphism of the NQO1 Gene Contributes Significantly to Breast Cancer Susceptibility in North Indian Populations: a Case Control Study. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2016; 17:1215-9. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2016.17.3.1215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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45
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Jakosky BM, Grebowsky JM, Luhmann JG, Connerney J, Eparvier F, Ergun R, Halekas J, Larson D, Mahaffy P, McFadden J, Mitchell DF, Schneider N, Zurek R, Bougher S, Brain D, Ma YJ, Mazelle C, Andersson L, Andrews D, Baird D, Baker D, Bell JM, Benna M, Chaffin M, Chamberlin P, Chaufray YY, Clarke J, Collinson G, Combi M, Crary F, Cravens T, Crismani M, Curry S, Curtis D, Deighan J, Delory G, Dewey R, DiBraccio G, Dong C, Dong Y, Dunn P, Elrod M, England S, Eriksson A, Espley J, Evans S, Fang X, Fillingim M, Fortier K, Fowler CM, Fox J, Gröller H, Guzewich S, Hara T, Harada Y, Holsclaw G, Jain SK, Jolitz R, Leblanc F, Lee CO, Lee Y, Lefevre F, Lillis R, Livi R, Lo D, Mayyasi M, McClintock W, McEnulty T, Modolo R, Montmessin F, Morooka M, Nagy A, Olsen K, Peterson W, Rahmati A, Ruhunusiri S, Russell CT, Sakai S, Sauvaud JA, Seki K, Steckiewicz M, Stevens M, Stewart AIF, Stiepen A, Stone S, Tenishev V, Thiemann E, Tolson R, Toublanc D, Vogt M, Weber T, Withers P, Woods T, Yelle R. MAVEN observations of the response of Mars to an interplanetary coronal mass ejection. Science 2015; 350:aad0210. [PMID: 26542576 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Coupling between the lower and upper atmosphere, combined with loss of gas from the upper atmosphere to space, likely contributed to the thin, cold, dry atmosphere of modern Mars. To help understand ongoing ion loss to space, the Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) spacecraft made comprehensive measurements of the Mars upper atmosphere, ionosphere, and interactions with the Sun and solar wind during an interplanetary coronal mass ejection impact in March 2015. Responses include changes in the bow shock and magnetosheath, formation of widespread diffuse aurora, and enhancement of pick-up ions. Observations and models both show an enhancement in escape rate of ions to space during the event. Ion loss during solar events early in Mars history may have been a major contributor to the long-term evolution of the Mars atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J M Grebowsky
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J G Luhmann
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Connerney
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F Eparvier
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Ergun
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Halekas
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - D Larson
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P Mahaffy
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J McFadden
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D F Mitchell
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | | | - R Zurek
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - S Bougher
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - D Brain
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Y J Ma
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - C Mazelle
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | - D Andrews
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - D Baird
- NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D Baker
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J M Bell
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - M Benna
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Chaffin
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Chamberlin
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - Y-Y Chaufray
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - J Clarke
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Collinson
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Combi
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Crary
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T Cravens
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - M Crismani
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Curry
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Curtis
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Deighan
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G Delory
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Dewey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G DiBraccio
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - C Dong
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Dong
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Dunn
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Elrod
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S England
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Eriksson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - J Espley
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Evans
- Computational Physics, Inc., Boulder, CO, USA
| | - X Fang
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Fillingim
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K Fortier
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C M Fowler
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Fox
- Wright State University, Dayton, OH, USA
| | - H Gröller
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Guzewich
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - T Hara
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Harada
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Holsclaw
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S K Jain
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Jolitz
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - F Leblanc
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - C O Lee
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lee
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Lefevre
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - R Lillis
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Livi
- University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Lo
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | | | | | - T McEnulty
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Modolo
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - F Montmessin
- Laboratoire atmosphères, milieux et observations spatiales (LATMOS)-CNRS, Paris, France
| | - M Morooka
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Nagy
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Olsen
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - W Peterson
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Rahmati
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | | | - C T Russell
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sakai
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - J-A Sauvaud
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - K Seki
- Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - M Steckiewicz
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Stevens
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - A Stiepen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Stone
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - V Tenishev
- University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E Thiemann
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Tolson
- North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - D Toublanc
- CNRS-Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Vogt
- Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Weber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - T Woods
- University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Yelle
- University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Bougher S, Jakosky B, Halekas J, Grebowsky J, Luhmann J, Mahaffy P, Connerney J, Eparvier F, Ergun R, Larson D, McFadden J, Mitchell D, Schneider N, Zurek R, Mazelle C, Andersson L, Andrews D, Baird D, Baker DN, Bell JM, Benna M, Brain D, Chaffin M, Chamberlin P, Chaufray JY, Clarke J, Collinson G, Combi M, Crary F, Cravens T, Crismani M, Curry S, Curtis D, Deighan J, Delory G, Dewey R, DiBraccio G, Dong C, Dong Y, Dunn P, Elrod M, England S, Eriksson A, Espley J, Evans S, Fang X, Fillingim M, Fortier K, Fowler CM, Fox J, Gröller H, Guzewich S, Hara T, Harada Y, Holsclaw G, Jain SK, Jolitz R, Leblanc F, Lee CO, Lee Y, Lefevre F, Lillis R, Livi R, Lo D, Ma Y, Mayyasi M, McClintock W, McEnulty T, Modolo R, Montmessin F, Morooka M, Nagy A, Olsen K, Peterson W, Rahmati A, Ruhunusiri S, Russell CT, Sakai S, Sauvaud JA, Seki K, Steckiewicz M, Stevens M, Stewart AIF, Stiepen A, Stone S, Tenishev V, Thiemann E, Tolson R, Toublanc D, Vogt M, Weber T, Withers P, Woods T, Yelle R. Early MAVEN Deep Dip campaign reveals thermosphere and ionosphere variability. Science 2015; 350:aad0459. [PMID: 26542579 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution (MAVEN) mission, during the second of its Deep Dip campaigns, made comprehensive measurements of martian thermosphere and ionosphere composition, structure, and variability at altitudes down to ~130 kilometers in the subsolar region. This altitude range contains the diffusively separated upper atmosphere just above the well-mixed atmosphere, the layer of peak extreme ultraviolet heating and primary reservoir for atmospheric escape. In situ measurements of the upper atmosphere reveal previously unmeasured populations of neutral and charged particles, the homopause altitude at approximately 130 kilometers, and an unexpected level of variability both on an orbit-to-orbit basis and within individual orbits. These observations help constrain volatile escape processes controlled by thermosphere and ionosphere structure and variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bougher
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - B Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Halekas
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - J Grebowsky
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Luhmann
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - P Mahaffy
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J Connerney
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - F Eparvier
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Ergun
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D Larson
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J McFadden
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Mitchell
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - N Schneider
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Zurek
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - C Mazelle
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - L Andersson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - D Andrews
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - D Baird
- NASA/Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - D N Baker
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J M Bell
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - M Benna
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - D Brain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Chaffin
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Chamberlin
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - J-Y Chaufray
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - J Clarke
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - G Collinson
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - M Combi
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Crary
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T Cravens
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - M Crismani
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Curry
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Curtis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - J Deighan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G Delory
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Dewey
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - G DiBraccio
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - C Dong
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Y Dong
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Dunn
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - M Elrod
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S England
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - A Eriksson
- Swedish Institute of Space Physics, Kiruna, Sweden
| | - J Espley
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - S Evans
- Computational Physics, Springfield, VA, USA
| | - X Fang
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - M Fillingim
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - K Fortier
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - C M Fowler
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - J Fox
- Department of Physics, Wright State University, Fairborn, OH, USA
| | - H Gröller
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S Guzewich
- NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA
| | - T Hara
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Harada
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - G Holsclaw
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S K Jain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Jolitz
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - F Leblanc
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - C O Lee
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Y Lee
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - F Lefevre
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - R Lillis
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - R Livi
- Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - D Lo
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Y Ma
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - M Mayyasi
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - W McClintock
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - T McEnulty
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Modolo
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - F Montmessin
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales /CNRS, Verrieres-le-Buisson, France
| | - M Morooka
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Nagy
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - K Olsen
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - W Peterson
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Rahmati
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - S Ruhunusiri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - C T Russell
- Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - S Sakai
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - J-A Sauvaud
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - K Seki
- Solar-Terrestrial Environment Laboratory, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan
| | - M Steckiewicz
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Stevens
- Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA
| | - A I F Stewart
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - A Stiepen
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - S Stone
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - V Tenishev
- CLaSP Department, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - E Thiemann
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Tolson
- National Institute of Aerospace, Hampton, VA, USA
| | - D Toublanc
- CNRS/Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie, Toulouse, France. University Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - M Vogt
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Weber
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - P Withers
- Department of Astronomy, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - T Woods
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University. of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - R Yelle
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
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Caldas MC, Serrette JM, Jain SK, Makhlouf M, Olson GL, McCormick DP. Maternal morbid obesity: financial implications of weight management. Clin Obes 2015; 5:333-41. [PMID: 26434773 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 08/01/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate health outcomes and costs of pregnancies complicated by extreme maternal obesity (class III obesity, body mass index ≥ 40). We conducted a retrospective case-control descriptive study comparing extremely obese women (cases) and their infants with randomly selected controls. Health outcomes were obtained from the medical records and costs from billing data. Total costs for each mother-infant dyad were calculated. Compared with 85 controls, the 82 cases experienced higher morbidity, higher costs and prolonged hospital stay. However, 26% of cases maintained or lost weight during pregnancy, whereas none of the controls maintained or lost weight during pregnancy. When mother/infant dyads were compared on costs, case subjects who maintained or lost weight experienced lower costs than those who gained weight. Neonatal intensive care consumed 78% of total hospital costs for infants of the obese women who gained weight, but only 48% of costs for infants of obese women who maintained or lost weight. For extremely obese women, weight management during pregnancy was achievable, resulted in healthier neonatal outcomes and reduced perinatal healthcare costs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Caldas
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - J M Serrette
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - M Makhlouf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - G L Olson
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
| | - D P McCormick
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA
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48
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Yadav P, Masroor M, Tanwer K, Mir R, Javid J, Ahmad I, Zuberi M, Kaza RCM, Jain SK, Khurana N, Ray PC, Saxena A. Clinical significance of TP53 (R72P) and MDM2 (T309G) polymorphisms in breast cancer patients. Clin Transl Oncol 2015; 18:728-34. [PMID: 26553387 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-015-1425-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 10/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION TP53 gene is the most frequently altered tumor suppressor gene in breast cancer. It has been observed that MDM2 plays a central role in regulating the TP53 pathway. This study aimed to investigate the role of TP53 Arg72Pro and MDM2 T309G polymorphisms in breast cancer patients. MATERIAL AND METHOD The TP53 (Arg72Pro) and MDM2 (T309G) polymorphisms were studied in a hospital-based case control study by AS-PCR in 100 breast cancer patients and 100 healthy control subjects. RESULTS It was observed that TP53 Arg72Pro polymorphism was significantly associated with breast cancer (χ (2) = 9.92, p = 0.007). A significantly increased breast cancer risk was associated with the Proline allele [odds ratio 1.84 (95 % CI: 1.22-2.77), risk ratio 1.34 (95 % CI: 1.11-1.63), p value 0.003], HER2/neu status (p = 0.01) and distant metastasis (p = 0.05). On the other hand, we have found a significant correlation between MDM2 (T309G) polymorphism with HER2/neu status (χ (2) = 11.14, p = 0.003) and distant metastasis (p value = 0.04). CONCLUSION Our finding suggests that TP53 (Arg72Pro) polymorphism may play a significant role as risk factor for breast cancer in north Indian breast cancer patients. While MDM2 (T309G) polymorphism may not be directly associated with the risk of breast cancer occurrence in the same population, but it may play role in disease progression by triggering TP53.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - M Masroor
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - K Tanwer
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - R Mir
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - J Javid
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - M Zuberi
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - R C M Kaza
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - S K Jain
- Department of Surgery, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - N Khurana
- Department of Pathology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - P C Ray
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India
| | - A Saxena
- Department of Biochemistry, Maulana Azad Medical College and Associated Hospitals, New Delhi, 110002, India.
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Schneider NM, Deighan JI, Jain SK, Stiepen A, Stewart AIF, Larson D, Mitchell DL, Mazelle C, Lee CO, Lillis RJ, Evans JS, Brain D, Stevens MH, McClintock WE, Chaffin MS, Crismani M, Holsclaw GM, Lefevre F, Lo DY, Clarke JT, Montmessin F, Jakosky BM. Discovery of diffuse aurora on Mars. Science 2015; 350:aad0313. [PMID: 26542577 DOI: 10.1126/science.aad0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. M. Schneider
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - J. I. Deighan
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - S. K. Jain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - A. Stiepen
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - A. I. F. Stewart
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - D. Larson
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - D. L. Mitchell
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - C. Mazelle
- Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie (IRAP), CNRS, Toulouse, France
- University Paul Sabatier, IRAP, CNRS, Toulouse, France
| | - C. O. Lee
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - R. J. Lillis
- Space Sciences Lab, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
| | - J. S. Evans
- Computational Physics, Inc, Springfield, VA 22151, USA
| | - D. Brain
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M. H. Stevens
- Space Science Division, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - W. E. McClintock
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M. S. Chaffin
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - M. Crismani
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - G. M. Holsclaw
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
| | - F. Lefevre
- Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales, Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, Guyancourt, France
| | - D. Y. Lo
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - J. T. Clarke
- Center for Space Physics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - F. Montmessin
- Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA
| | - B. M. Jakosky
- Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics, University of Colorado, Boulder, Boulder, CO 80303, USA
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Zargar S, Wani TA, Jain SK. Identification of Putative Vero Cell Protein(s) that Bind Specifically to Recombinant Envelope Protein of Dengue Virus Type 2. TROP J PHARM RES 2015. [DOI: 10.4314/tjpr.v14i6.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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