1
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Liu Q, Long R, Lin C, Bi X, Liang Z, Deng YZ. Phosphatidylethanolamines link ferroptosis and autophagy during appressorium formation of rice blast fungus. MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY 2024; 25:e13489. [PMID: 38956897 PMCID: PMC11219472 DOI: 10.1111/mpp.13489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
A cell death pathway, ferroptosis, occurs in conidial cells and is critical for formation and function of the infection structure, the appressorium, in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. In this study, we identified an orthologous lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (Lpaat) acting at upstream of phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) biosynthesis and which is required for such fungal ferroptosis and pathogenicity. Two PE species, DOPE and SLPE, that depend on Lpaat function for production were sufficient for induction of lipid peroxidation and the consequent ferroptosis, thus positively regulating fungal pathogenicity. On the other hand, both DOPE and SLPE positively regulated autophagy. Loss of the LPAAT gene led to a decrease in the lipidated form of the autophagy protein Atg8, which is probably responsible for the autophagy defect of the lpaatΔ mutant. GFP-Lpaat was mostly localized on the membrane of lipid droplets (LDs) that were stained by the fluorescent dye monodansylpentane (MDH), suggesting that LDs serve as a source of lipids for membrane PE biosynthesis and probably as a membrane source of autophagosome. Overall, our results reveal novel intracellular membrane-bound organelle dynamics based on Lpaat-mediated lipid metabolism, providing a temporal and spatial link of ferroptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruhui Long
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Chaoxiang Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xinping Bi
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhibin Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yi Zhen Deng
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control, Integrative Microbiology Research CentreSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern AgricultureGuangzhouChina
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2
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Sarcinelli GM, Varinelli L, Ghislanzoni S, Padelli F, Lorenzini D, Vingiani A, Milione M, Guaglio M, Kusamura S, Deraco M, Pruneri G, Gariboldi M, Baratti D, Bongarzone I. Sulfatide imaging identifies tumor cells in colorectal cancer peritoneal metastases. Cancer Metab 2024; 12:18. [PMID: 38943216 PMCID: PMC11212237 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-024-00345-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Even with systemic chemotherapy, cytoreductive surgery (CRS), and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), peritoneal metastases (PM) remain a common site of disease progression for colorectal cancer (CRC) and are frequently associated with a poor prognosis. The mass spectrometry (MS) method known as Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization - Time of Flight (MALDI-TOF) is frequently used in medicine to identify structural compounds and biomarkers. It has been demonstrated that lipids are crucial in mediating the aggressive growth of tumors. In order to investigate the lipid profiles, particularly with regard to histological distribution, we used MALDI-TOF MS (MALDI-MS) and MALDI-TOF imaging MS (MALDI-IMS) on patient-derived tumor organoids (PDOs) and PM clinical samples. According to the MALDI-IMS research shown here, the predominant lipid signature of PDOs in PM tissues, glycosphingolipid (GSL) sulfates or sulfatides, or STs, is unique to the areas containing tumor cells and absent from the surrounding stromal compartments. Bioactive lipids are derived from arachidonic acid (AA), and AA-containing phosphatidylinositol (PI), or PI (18:0-20:4), is shown to be highly expressed in the stromal components. On the other hand, the tumor components contained a higher abundance of PI species with shorter and more saturated acyl chains (C34 and C36 carbons). The cellular subversion of PI and ST species may alter in ways that promote the growth, aggressiveness, and metastasis of tumor cells. Together, these findings suggest that the GSL/ST metabolic programming of PM may contain novel therapeutic targets to impede or halt PM progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- G M Sarcinelli
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - L Varinelli
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Ghislanzoni
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - F Padelli
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - D Lorenzini
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - A Vingiani
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Milione
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Guaglio
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - S Kusamura
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Deraco
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - G Pruneri
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - M Gariboldi
- Department of Research, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - D Baratti
- Peritoneal Surface Malignancies Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Venezian 1, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - I Bongarzone
- Department of Diagnostic Innovation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Dei Tumori, Via G. Amadeo 42, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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3
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Kumar P, Chaudhury D, Sanghavi P, Meghna A, Mallik R. Phosphatidic acid-dependent recruitment of microtubule motors to spherical supported lipid bilayers for in vitro motility assays. Cell Rep 2024; 43:114252. [PMID: 38771696 PMCID: PMC11220796 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Motor proteins transport diverse membrane-bound vesicles along microtubules inside cells. How specific lipids, particularly rare lipids, on the membrane recruit and activate motors is poorly understood. To address this, we prepare spherical supported lipid bilayers (SSLBs) consisting of a latex bead enclosed within a membrane of desired lipid composition. SSLBs containing phosphatidic acid recruit dynein when incubated with Dictyostelium fractions but kinesin-1 when incubated with rat brain fractions. These SSLBs allow controlled biophysical investigation of membrane-bound motors along with their regulators at the single-cargo level in vitro. Optical trapping of single SSLBs reveals that motor-specific inhibitors can "lock" a motor to a microtubule, explaining the paradoxical arrest of overall cargo transport by such inhibitors. Increasing their size causes SSLBs to reverse direction more frequently, relevant to how large cargoes may navigate inside cells. These studies are relevant to understand how unidirectional or bidirectional motion of vesicles might be generated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Dwiteeya Chaudhury
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Paulomi Sanghavi
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Apurwa Meghna
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Roop Mallik
- Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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4
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Cioffi MD, Husby ML, Gerstman BS, Stahelin RV, Chapagain PP. Role of phosphatidic acid lipids on plasma membrane association of the Ebola virus matrix protein VP40. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2024; 1869:159464. [PMID: 38360201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2024.159464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The Ebola virus matrix protein VP40 is responsible for the formation of the viral matrix by localizing at the inner leaflet of the human plasma membrane (PM). Various lipid types, including PI(4,5)P2 (i.e. PIP2) and phosphatidylserine (PS), play active roles in this process. Specifically, the negatively charged headgroups of both PIP2 and PS interact with the basic residues of VP40 and stabilize it at the membrane surface, allowing for eventual egress. Phosphatidic acid (PA), resulting from the enzyme phospholipase D (PLD), is also known to play an active role in viral development. In this work, we performed a biophysical and computational analysis to investigate the effects of the presence of PA on the membrane localization and association of VP40. We used coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to quantify VP40 hexamer interactions with the inner leaflet of the PM. Analysis of the local distribution of lipids shows enhanced lipid clustering when PA is abundant in the membrane. We observed that PA lipids have a similar role to that of PS lipids in VP40 association due to the geometry and charge. Complementary experiments performed in cell culture demonstrate competition between VP40 and a canonical PA-binding protein for the PM. Also, inhibition of PA synthesis reduced the detectable budding of virus-like particles. These computational and experimental results provide new insights into the early stages of Ebola virus budding and the role that PA lipids have on the VP40-PM association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Cioffi
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Monica L Husby
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Bernard S Gerstman
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Robert V Stahelin
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA; The Purdue Institute for Inflammation, Immunology and Infectious Disease, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
| | - Prem P Chapagain
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
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5
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Thomas N, Combs W, Mandadapu KK, Agrawal A. Preferential electrostatic interactions of phosphatidic acid with arginines. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:2998-3006. [PMID: 38482724 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00088a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is an anionic lipid that preferentially interacts with proteins in a diverse set of cellular processes such as transport, apoptosis, and neurotransmission. One such interaction is that of the PA lipids with the proteins of voltage-sensitive ion channels. In comparison to several other similarly charged anionic lipids, PA lipids exhibit much stronger interactions. Intrigued and motivated by this finding, we sought out to gain deeper understanding into the electrostatic interactions of anionic lipids with charged proteins. Using the voltage sensor domain (VSD) of the KvAP channel as a model system, we performed long-timescale atomistic simulations to analyze the interactions of POPA, POPG, and POPI lipids with arginines (ARGs). Our simulations reveal two mechanisms. First, POPA is able to interact not only with surface ARGs but is able to snorkel and interact with a buried arginine. POPG and POPI lipids on the other hand show weak interactions even with both the surface and buried ARGs. Second, deprotonated POPA with -2 charge is able to break the salt-bridge connection between VSD protein segments and establish its own electrostatic bond with the ARG. Based on these findings, we propose a headgroup size hypothesis for preferential solvation of proteins by charged lipids. These findings may be valuable in understanding how PA lipids could be modulating kinematics of transmembrane proteins in cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhin Thomas
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Wesley Combs
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Kranthi K Mandadapu
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, CA 94720, USA
| | - Ashutosh Agrawal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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6
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Yao S, Kim SC, Li J, Tang S, Wang X. Phosphatidic acid signaling and function in nuclei. Prog Lipid Res 2024; 93:101267. [PMID: 38154743 PMCID: PMC10843600 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2023.101267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Membrane lipidomes are dynamic and their changes generate lipid mediators affecting various biological processes. Phosphatidic acid (PA) has emerged as an important class of lipid mediators involved in a wide range of cellular and physiological responses in plants, animals, and microbes. The regulatory functions of PA have been studied primarily outside the nuclei, but an increasing number of recent studies indicates that some of the PA effects result from its action in nuclei. PA levels in nuclei are dynamic in response to stimuli. Changes in nuclear PA levels can result from activities of enzymes associated with nuclei and/or from movements of PA generated extranuclearly. PA has also been found to interact with proteins involved in nuclear functions, such as transcription factors and proteins undergoing nuclear translocation in response to stimuli. The nuclear action of PA affects various aspects of plant growth, development, and response to stress and environmental changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaibing Yao
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Sang-Chul Kim
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Jianwu Li
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Shan Tang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA.
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7
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Yeo H, Mehta V, Gulati A, Drew D. Structure and electromechanical coupling of a voltage-gated Na +/H + exchanger. Nature 2023; 623:193-201. [PMID: 37880360 PMCID: PMC10620092 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-06518-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-sensing domains control the activation of voltage-gated ion channels, with a few exceptions1. One such exception is the sperm-specific Na+/H+ exchanger SLC9C1, which is the only known transporter to be regulated by voltage-sensing domains2-5. After hyperpolarization of sperm flagella, SLC9C1 becomes active, causing pH alkalinization and CatSper Ca2+ channel activation, which drives chemotaxis2,6. SLC9C1 activation is further regulated by cAMP2,7, which is produced by soluble adenyl cyclase (sAC). SLC9C1 is therefore an essential component of the pH-sAC-cAMP signalling pathway in metazoa8,9, required for sperm motility and fertilization4. Despite its importance, the molecular basis of SLC9C1 voltage activation is unclear. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of sea urchin SLC9C1 in detergent and nanodiscs. We show that the voltage-sensing domains are positioned in an unusual configuration, sandwiching each side of the SLC9C1 homodimer. The S4 segment is very long, 90 Å in length, and connects the voltage-sensing domains to the cytoplasmic cyclic-nucleotide-binding domains. The S4 segment is in the up configuration-the inactive state of SLC9C1. Consistently, although a negatively charged cavity is accessible for Na+ to bind to the ion-transporting domains of SLC9C1, an intracellular helix connected to S4 restricts their movement. On the basis of the differences in the cryo-EM structure of SLC9C1 in the presence of cAMP, we propose that, upon hyperpolarization, the S4 segment moves down, removing this constriction and enabling Na+/H+ exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunku Yeo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ved Mehta
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ashutosh Gulati
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Drew
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.
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8
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Pismenskaya N, Rybalkina O, Solonchenko K, Pasechnaya E, Sarapulova V, Wang Y, Jiang C, Xu T, Nikonenko V. How Chemical Nature of Fixed Groups of Anion-Exchange Membranes Affects the Performance of Electrodialysis of Phosphate-Containing Solutions? Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15102288. [PMID: 37242863 DOI: 10.3390/polym15102288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Innovative ion exchange membranes have become commercially available in recent years. However, information about their structural and transport characteristics is often extremely insufficient. To address this issue, homogeneous anion exchange membranes with the trade names ASE, CJMA-3 and CJMA-6 have been investigated in NaxH(3-x)PO4 solutions with pH 4.4 ± 0.1, 6.6 and 10.0 ± 0.2, as well as NaCl solutions with pH 5.5 ± 0.1. Using IR spectroscopy and processing the concentration dependences of the electrical conductivity of these membranes in NaCl solutions, it was shown that ASE has a highly cross-linked aromatic matrix and mainly contains quaternary ammonium groups. Other membranes have a less cross-linked aliphatic matrix based on polyvinylidene fluoride (CJMA-3) or polyolefin (CJMA-6) and contain quaternary amines (CJMA-3) or a mixture of strongly basic (quaternary) and weakly basic (secondary) amines (CJMA-6). As expected, in dilute solutions of NaCl, the conductivity of membranes increases with an increase in their ion-exchange capacity: CJMA-6 < CJMA-3 << ASE. Weakly basic amines appear to form bound species with proton-containing phosphoric acid anions. This phenomenon causes a decrease in the electrical conductivity of CJMA-6 membranes compared to other studied membranes in phosphate-containing solutions. In addition, the formation of the neutral and negatively charged bound species suppresses the generation of protons by the "acid dissociation" mechanism. Moreover, when the membrane is operated in overlimiting current modes and/or in alkaline solutions, a bipolar junction is formed at the CJMA- 6/depleted solution interface. The CJMA-6 current-voltage curve becomes similar to the well-known curves for bipolar membranes, and water splitting intensifies in underlimiting and overlimiting modes. As a result, energy consumption for electrodialysis recovery of phosphates from aqueous solutions almost doubles when using the CJMA-6 membrane compared to the CJMA-3 membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Pismenskaya
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Olesya Rybalkina
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Ksenia Solonchenko
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Evgeniia Pasechnaya
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Veronika Sarapulova
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Yaoming Wang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Chenxiao Jiang
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Tongwen Xu
- Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Functional Membrane Science and Technology, Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Victor Nikonenko
- Russian Federation, Kuban State University, 149, Stavropolskaya Str., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
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9
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Kwarteng DO, Gangoda M, Kooijman EE. The effect of methylated phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives on the ionization properties of signaling phosphatidic acid. Biophys Chem 2023; 296:107005. [PMID: 36934676 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and Phosphatidylcholine (PC) are the most abundant glycerophospholipids in eukaryotic membranes. The differences in the physicochemical properties of their headgroups have contrasting modulatory effects on their interaction with intracellular macromolecules. As such, their overall impact on membrane structure and function differs significantly. Enzymatic methylation of PE's amine headgroup produces two methylated derivatives namely monomethyl PE (MMPE) and dimethyl PE (DMPE) which have physicochemical properties that generally range between that of PE and PC. Additionally, their influence on membrane properties differs from both PE and PC. Although variations in headgroup methylation have been reported to affect signaling pathways, the direct influence that these differences exert on the ionization properties of signaling phospholipids have not been investigated. Here, we briefly review membrane function and structure that are mediated by the differences in headgroup methylation between PE, MMPE, DMPE and PC. In addition, using 31P MAS NMR, we investigate the effect of these four phospholipids on the ionization properties of the ubiquitous signaling anionic lipid phosphatidic acid (PA). Our results show that PA's ionization properties are differentially affected by changes in phospholipid headgroup methylation. This could have important implications for PA-protein binding and hence physiological functions in cells where signaling events lead to changes in abundance of methylated PE derivatives in the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Owusu Kwarteng
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
| | - Mahinda Gangoda
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, USA
| | - Edgar E Kooijman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, P.O. Box 5190, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
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10
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Frias MA, Hatipoglu A, Foster DA. Regulation of mTOR by phosphatidic acid. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2023; 34:170-180. [PMID: 36732094 PMCID: PMC9957947 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
mTORC1, the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1, is a key regulator of cellular physiology. The lipid metabolite phosphatidic acid (PA) binds to and activates mTORC1 in response to nutrients and growth factors. We review structural findings and propose a model for PA activation of mTORC1. PA binds to a highly conserved sequence in the α4 helix of the FK506 binding protein 12 (FKBP12)/rapamycin-binding (FRB) domain of mTOR. It is proposed that PA binding to two adjacent positively charged amino acids breaks and shortens the C-terminal region of helix α4. This has profound consequences for both substrate binding and the catalytic activity of mTORC1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Frias
- Department of Biology and Health Promotion, St. Francis College, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA; Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA.
| | - Ahmet Hatipoglu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA; Biochemistry Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - David A Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10065, USA; Biochemistry Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Biology Program, Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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11
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Schmidpeter PAM, Wu D, Rheinberger J, Riegelhaupt PM, Tang H, Robinson CV, Nimigean CM. Anionic lipids unlock the gates of select ion channels in the pacemaker family. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2022; 29:1092-1100. [PMID: 36352139 PMCID: PMC10022520 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-022-00851-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipids play important roles in regulating membrane protein function, but the molecular mechanisms used are elusive. Here we investigated how anionic lipids modulate SthK, a bacterial pacemaker channel homolog, and HCN2, whose activity contributes to pacemaking in the heart and brain. Using SthK allowed the reconstitution of purified channels in controlled lipid compositions for functional and structural assays that are not available for the eukaryotic channels. We identified anionic lipids bound tightly to SthK and their exact binding locations and determined that they potentiate channel activity. Cryo-EM structures in the most potentiating lipids revealed an open state and identified a nonannular lipid bound with its headgroup near an intersubunit salt bridge that clamps the intracellular channel gate shut. Breaking this conserved salt bridge abolished lipid modulation in SthK and eukaryotic HCN2 channels, indicating that anionic membrane lipids facilitate channel opening by destabilizing these interactions. Our findings underline the importance of state-dependent protein-lipid interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jan Rheinberger
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Structural Biology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Haiping Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Carol V Robinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Crina M Nimigean
- Department of Anesthesiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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12
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A novel NF2 splicing mutant causes neurofibromatosis type 2 via liquid-liquid phase separation with large tumor suppressor and Hippo pathway. iScience 2022; 25:105275. [PMID: 36300003 PMCID: PMC9589172 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 2 is an autosomal dominant multiple neoplasia syndrome and is usually caused by mutations in the neurofibromin 2 (NF2) gene, which encodes a tumor suppressor and initiates the Hippo pathway. However, the mechanism by which NF2 functions in the Hippo pathway isn’t fully understood. Here we identified a NF2 c.770-784del mutation from a neurofibromatosis type 2 family. MD simulations showed that this mutation significantly changed the structure of the F3 module of the NF2-FERM domain. Functional assays indicated that the NF2 c.770-784del variant formed LLPS in the cytoplasm with LATS to restrain LATS plasma membrane localization and inactivated the Hippo pathway. Besides, this deletion partly caused a skipping of exon 8 and reduced the protein level of NF2, collectively promoting proliferation and tumorigenesis of meningeal cells. We identified an unrecognized mechanism of LLPS and splicing skipping for the NF2-induced Hippo pathway, which provided new insight into the pathogenesis of neurofibromatosis type 2. NF2 c.770-784 deletion is a novel mutation related to Neurofibromatosis type 2 NF2 variant forms LLPS in the cytoplasm with LATS and inhibits the Hippo pathway NF2 variant causes an aberrant skipping of exon 8 and reduces NF2 protein level NF2 variant promotes proliferation and tumorigenesis of meningeal cells
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13
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Muller MP, Morrissey JH, Tajkhorshid E. Molecular View into Preferential Binding of the Factor VII Gla Domain to Phosphatidic Acid. Biochemistry 2022; 61:1694-1703. [PMID: 35853076 PMCID: PMC9637449 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Factor VII (FVII) is a serine protease with a key role in initiating the coagulation cascade. It is part of a family of vitamin K-dependent clotting proteins, which require vitamin K for formation of their specialized membrane-binding domains (Gla domains). Membrane binding of the FVII Gla domain is critical to the activity of FVII, mediating the formation of its complex with other clotting factors. While Gla domains among coagulation factors are highly conserved in terms of amino acid sequence and structure, they demonstrate differential binding specificity toward anionic lipids. Although most Gla domain-containing clotting proteins display a strong preference for phosphatidylserine (PS), it has been demonstrated that FVII and protein C instead bind preferentially to phosphatidic acid (PA). We have developed the first model of the FVII Gla domain bound to PA lipids in membranes containing PA, the highly mobile membrane mimetic model, which accelerates slow diffusion of lipids in molecular dynamics simulations and therefore facilitates the membrane binding process and enhances sampling of lipid interactions. Simulations were performed using atomic level molecular dynamics, requiring a fixed charge to all atoms. The overall charge assigned to each PA lipid for this study was -1. We also developed an additional model of the FVII Gla domain bound to a 1:1 PS/PC membrane and compared the modes of binding of PS and PA lipids to FVII, allowing us to identify potential PA-specific binding sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie P Muller
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - James H Morrissey
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Emad Tajkhorshid
- Theoretical and Computational Biophysics Group, NIH Center for Macromolecular Modeling and Bioinformatics, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Biochemistry, and Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
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14
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Gowda SGB, Yifan C, Gowda D, Tsuboi Y, Chiba H, Hui SP. Analysis of Antioxidant Lipids in Five Species of Dietary Seaweeds by Liquid Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11081538. [PMID: 36009257 PMCID: PMC9404842 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Seaweeds are a good source of bioactive lipids and are known for their nutritional benefits, making them a valuable food source. Despite their dietary significance and nutritional importance, there are limited reports on comprehensive lipidome analysis of lipids with antioxidant properties. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the lipid profiles of five commonly consumed Japanese dietary seaweeds using non-targeted liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). A total, of 304 molecular species from four major lipid classes were detected and characterized by MS/MS analysis. Multivariate statistical analysis revealed distinct lipid molecular compositions in kombu and sea mustard compared to hijiki, mozuku, and laver seaweeds. Kombu has been shown to contain large amounts of antioxidants, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and a high health promotion index compared to other seaweeds. Hierarchical cluster correlations indicated the predominance of glycerophospholipids (GPs) and glycerolipids (GLs) in sea mustard and kombu. As a result, dietary seaweeds have great potential as antioxidants and health-promoting foods for human consumption due to their high levels of PUFA-rich GPs and GLs. Unsaturated triacylglycerols are predominant in hijiki, whereas other health-beneficial lipids, such as monogalactosyldiacylglycerol and sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerols, are predominant in sea mustard. This study provides a detailed characterization of lipids and their comparative fingerprints in seaweeds, demonstrating the potential use of dietary seaweeds in biotechnological and industrial applications involving the development of functional food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddabasave Gowda B. Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
- Graduate School of Global Food Resources, Hokkaido University, Kita 9, Nishi 9, Sapporo 0600809, Japan
| | - Chen Yifan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
| | - Divyavani Gowda
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
| | - Yui Tsuboi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Chiba
- Department of Nutrition, Sapporo University of Health Sciences, Nakanuma, Nishi-4-3-1-15, Higashi-ku, Sapporo 0070894, Japan
| | - Shu-Ping Hui
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita 12, Nishi 5, Sapporo 0600812, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-11-706-3693
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15
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Seth A, Landau M, Shevchenko A, Traikov S, Schultz A, Elsabbagh S, Schultz JE. Distinct glycerophospholipids potentiate Gsα-activated adenylyl cyclase activity. Cell Signal 2022; 97:110396. [PMID: 35787445 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Nine mammalian adenylyl cyclases (AC) are pseudoheterodimers with two hexahelical membrane domains, which are isoform-specifically conserved. Previously we proposed that these membrane domains are orphan receptors (https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.13098; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109538). Lipids extracted from fetal bovine serum at pH 1 inhibited several mAC activities. Guided by a lipidomic analysis we tested glycerophospholipids as potential ligands. Contrary to expectations we surprisingly discovered that 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-phosphatidic acid (SDPA) potentiated Gsα-activated activity of human AC isoform 3 seven-fold. The specificity of fatty acyl esters at glycerol positions 1 and 2 was rather stringent. 1-Stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-phosphatidylserine and 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-phosphatidylethanolamine significantly potentiated several Gsα-activated mAC isoforms to different extents. SDPA appears not interact with forskolin activation of AC isoform 3. SDPA enhanced Gsα-activated AC activities in membranes from mouse brain cortex. The action of SDPA was reversible. Unexpectedly, SDPA did not affect cAMP generation in HEK293 cells stimulated by isoproterenol, PGE2 and adenosine, virtually excluding a role as an extracellular ligand and, instead, suggesting an intracellular role. In summary, we discovered a new dimension of intracellular AC regulation by chemically defined glycerophospholipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anubha Seth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Biologie, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marius Landau
- Pharmazeutisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Andrej Shevchenko
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Zellbiologie und Genetik, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sofia Traikov
- Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Zellbiologie und Genetik, Dresden, Germany
| | - Anita Schultz
- Pharmazeutisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sherif Elsabbagh
- Pharmazeutisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joachim E Schultz
- Pharmazeutisches Institut der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
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16
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Ali U, Lu S, Fadlalla T, Iqbal S, Yue H, Yang B, Hong Y, Wang X, Guo L. The functions of phospholipases and their hydrolysis products in plant growth, development and stress responses. Prog Lipid Res 2022; 86:101158. [PMID: 35134459 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2022.101158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Cell membranes are the initial site of stimulus perception from environment and phospholipids are the basic and important components of cell membranes. Phospholipases hydrolyze membrane lipids to generate various cellular mediators. These phospholipase-derived products, such as diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, inositol phosphates, lysophopsholipids, and free fatty acids, act as second messengers, playing vital roles in signal transduction during plant growth, development, and stress responses. This review focuses on the structure, substrate specificities, reaction requirements, and acting mechanism of several phospholipase families. It will discuss their functional significance in plant growth, development, and stress responses. In addition, it will highlight some critical knowledge gaps in the action mechanism, metabolic and signaling roles of these phospholipases and their products in the context of plant growth, development and stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Ali
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Shaoping Lu
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Tarig Fadlalla
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Sidra Iqbal
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Hong Yue
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Bao Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yueyun Hong
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63121, USA; Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St. Louis, MO 63132, USA
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan, 430070, China.
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17
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Wang X, Song Q, Liu Y, Brestic M, Yang X. The network centered on ICEs play roles in plant cold tolerance, growth and development. PLANTA 2022; 255:81. [PMID: 35249133 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03858-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
ICEs are key transcription factors in response to cold in plant, they also balance plant growth and stress tolerance. Thus, we systematize the information about ICEs published to date. Low temperature is an important factor affecting plant growth and development. Exposing to cold condition results in a suit of effects on plants including reduction of plant growth and reproduction, and decrease in crop yield and quality. Plants have evolved a series of strategies to deal with cold stress such as reprogramming of the expression of genes and transcription factors. ICEs (Inducer of CBF Expression), as transcription factors regulating CBFs (C-repeat binding factor), play key roles in balancing plant growth and stress tolerance. Studies on ICEs focused on the function of ICEs on cold tolerance, growth and development; post-translational modifications of ICEs and crosstalk between the ICEs and phytohormones. In this review, we focus on systematizing the information published to date. We summarized the main advances of the functions of ICEs on the cold tolerance, growth and development. And we also elaborated the regulation of ICEs protein stability including phosphorylation, ubiquitination and SUMOylation of ICE. Finally, we described the function of ICEs in the crosstalk among different phytohormone signaling pathway and cold stress. This review provides perspectives for ongoing research about cold tolerance, growth and development in plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xipan Wang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Qiping Song
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, A. Hlinku 2, Nitra, 94976, Slovak Republic
| | - Xinghong Yang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, China.
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18
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Hoshino F, Sakane F. Docosahexaenoic acid-containing phosphatidic acid interacts with clathrin coat assembly protein AP180 and regulates its interaction with clathrin. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 587:69-77. [PMID: 34864549 PMCID: PMC8628603 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.11.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The clathrin coat assembly protein AP180 drives endocytosis, which is crucial for numerous physiological events, such as the internalization and recycling of receptors, uptake of neurotransmitters and entry of viruses, including SARS-CoV-2, by interacting with clathrin. Moreover, dysfunction of AP180 underlies the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, it is important to understand the mechanisms of assembly and, especially, disassembly of AP180/clathrin-containing cages. Here, we identified AP180 as a novel phosphatidic acid (PA)-binding protein from the mouse brain. Intriguingly, liposome binding assays using various phospholipids and PA species revealed that AP180 most strongly bound to 1-stearoyl-2-docosahexaenoyl-PA (18:0/22:6-PA) to a comparable extent as phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P2), which is known to associate with AP180. An AP180 N-terminal homology domain (1–289 aa) interacted with 18:0/22:6-PA, and a lysine-rich motif (K38–K39–K40) was essential for binding. The 18:0/22:6-PA in liposomes in 100 nm diameter showed strong AP180-binding activity at neutral pH. Notably, 18:0/22:6-PA significantly attenuated the interaction of AP180 with clathrin. However, PI(4,5)P2 did not show such an effect. Taken together, these results indicate the novel mechanism by which 18:0/22:6-PA selectively regulates the disassembly of AP180/clathrin-containing cages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumi Hoshino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan
| | - Fumio Sakane
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, Chiba, 263-8522, Japan.
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19
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Mak HY, Ouyang Q, Tumanov S, Xu J, Rong P, Dong F, Lam SM, Wang X, Lukmantara I, Du X, Gao M, Brown AJ, Gong X, Shui G, Stocker R, Huang X, Chen S, Yang H. AGPAT2 interaction with CDP-diacylglycerol synthases promotes the flux of fatty acids through the CDP-diacylglycerol pathway. Nat Commun 2021; 12:6877. [PMID: 34824276 PMCID: PMC8616899 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27279-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AGPATs (1-acylglycerol-3-phosphate O-acyltransferases) catalyze the acylation of lysophosphatidic acid to form phosphatidic acid (PA), a key step in the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway for the synthesis of phospholipids and triacylglycerols. AGPAT2 is the only AGPAT isoform whose loss-of-function mutations cause a severe form of human congenital generalized lipodystrophy. Paradoxically, AGPAT2 deficiency is known to dramatically increase the level of its product, PA. Here, we find that AGPAT2 deficiency impairs the biogenesis and growth of lipid droplets. We show that AGPAT2 deficiency compromises the stability of CDP-diacylglycerol (DAG) synthases (CDSs) and decreases CDS activity in both cell lines and mouse liver. Moreover, AGPAT2 and CDS1/2 can directly interact and form functional complexes, which promote the metabolism of PA along the CDP-DAG pathway of phospholipid synthesis. Our results provide key insights into the regulation of metabolic flux during lipid synthesis and suggest substrate channelling at a major branch point of the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi Yin Mak
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Qian Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 210061, Nanjing, China
| | - Sergey Tumanov
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Jiesi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Rong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 210061, Nanjing, China
| | - Feitong Dong
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Sin Man Lam
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China.,Lipidall Technologies Company Limited, 213022, Changzhou, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiaowei Wang
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ivan Lukmantara
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ximing Du
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mingming Gao
- Laboratory of Lipid Metabolism, Hebei Medical University, 050017, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Andrew J Brown
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Xin Gong
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, 518055, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Guanghou Shui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Roland Stocker
- Heart Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Newtown, NSW, 2042, Australia.,Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Darlinghurst, NSW, 2010, Australia.,School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 210061, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongyuan Yang
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia.
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20
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Kerr D, Gong Z, Suwatthee T, Luoma A, Roy S, Scarpaci R, Hwang HL, Henderson JM, Cao KD, Bu W, Lin B, Tietjen GT, Steck TL, Adams EJ, Lee KYC. How Tim proteins differentially exploit membrane features to attain robust target sensitivity. Biophys J 2021; 120:4891-4902. [PMID: 34529946 PMCID: PMC8595564 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2021.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune surveillance cells such as T cells and phagocytes utilize integral plasma membrane receptors to recognize surface signatures on triggered and activated cells such as those in apoptosis. One such family of plasma membrane sensors, the transmembrane immunoglobulin and mucin domain (Tim) proteins, specifically recognize phosphatidylserine (PS) but elicit distinct immunological responses. The molecular basis for the recognition of lipid signals on target cell surfaces is not well understood. Previous results suggest that basic side chains present at the membrane interface on the Tim proteins might facilitate association with additional anionic lipids including but not necessarily limited to PS. We, therefore, performed a comparative quantitative analysis of the binding of the murine Tim1, Tim3, and Tim4, to synthetic anionic phospholipid membranes under physiologically relevant conditions. X-ray reflectivity and vesicle binding studies were used to compare the water-soluble domain of Tim3 with results previously obtained for Tim1 and Tim4. Although a calcium link was essential for all three proteins, the three homologs differed in how they balance the hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions driving membrane association. The proteins also varied in their sensing of phospholipid chain unsaturation and showed different degrees of cooperativity in their dependence on bilayer PS concentration. Surprisingly, trace amounts of anionic phosphatidic acid greatly strengthened the bilayer association of Tim3 and Tim4, but not Tim1. A novel mathematical model provided values for the binding parameters and illuminated the complex interplay among ligands. In conclusion, our results provide a quantitative description of the contrasting selectivity used by three Tim proteins in the recognition of phospholipids presented on target cell surfaces. This paradigm is generally applicable to the analysis of the binding of peripheral proteins to target membranes through the heterotropic cooperative interactions of multiple ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kerr
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Zhiliang Gong
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | | | | | - Sobhan Roy
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Renee Scarpaci
- City University of New York City College, New York, New York
| | - Hyeondo Luke Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | - J Michael Henderson
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Kathleen D Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Wei Bu
- NSF's ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Binhua Lin
- James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois; NSF's ChemMatCARS, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Gregory T Tietjen
- Department of Surgery, Section of Transplant and Immunology and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Theodore L Steck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Erin J Adams
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Chicago, Illinois; Committee on Immunology, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Ka Yee C Lee
- Program in Biophysical Sciences, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, Chicago, Illinois; Department of Chemistry, Chicago, Illinois; James Franck Institute, Chicago, Illinois.
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21
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Zhang XX, Young JW, Foster LJ, Duong F. Nanodisc-Based Proteomics Identify Caj1 as an Hsp40 with Affinity for Phosphatidic Acid Lipids. J Proteome Res 2021; 20:4831-4839. [PMID: 34519218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.1c00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Many soluble proteins interact with membranes to perform important biological functions, including signal transduction, regulation, transport, trafficking, and biogenesis. Despite their importance, these protein-membrane interactions are difficult to characterize due to their often-transient nature as well as phospholipids' poor solubility in aqueous solution. Here, we employ nanodiscs-small, water-soluble patches of a lipid bilayer encircled with amphipathic scaffold proteins-along with quantitative proteomics to identify lipid-binding proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Using nanodiscs reconstituted with yeast total lipid extracts or only phosphatidylethanolamine (PE-nanodiscs), we capture several known membrane-interacting proteins, including the Rab GTPases Sec4 and Ypt1, which play key roles in vesicle trafficking. Utilizing PE-nanodiscs enriched with phosphatidic acid (PEPA-nanodiscs), we specifically capture a member of the Hsp40/J-protein family, Caj1, whose function has recently been linked to membrane protein quality control. We show that the Caj1 interaction with liposomes containing PA is modulated by pH and PE lipids and depends on two patches of positively charged residues near the C-terminus of the protein. The protein Caj1 is the first example of an Hsp40/J-domain protein with affinity for membranes and phosphatidic acid lipid specificity. These findings highlight the utility of combining proteomics with lipid nanodiscs to identify and characterize protein-lipid interactions that may not be evident using other methods. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with the identifier PXD027992.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao X Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - John William Young
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | - Leonard J Foster
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Franck Duong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z3, Canada
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22
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Fedoseeva EV, Danilova OA, Ianutsevich EA, Terekhova VA, Tereshina VM. Micromycete Lipids and Stress. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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23
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Uboldi AD, Wilde ML, Bader SM, Tonkin CJ. Environmental sensing and regulation of motility in Toxoplasma. Mol Microbiol 2020; 115:916-929. [PMID: 33278047 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Toxoplasma and other apicomplexan parasites undergo a unique form of cellular locomotion referred to as "gliding motility." Gliding motility is crucial for parasite survival as it powers tissue dissemination, host cell invasion and egress. Distinct environmental cues lead to activation of gliding motility and have become a prominent focus of recent investigation. Progress has been made toward understanding what environmental cues are sensed and how these signals are transduced in order to regulate the machinery and cellular events powering gliding motility. In this review, we will discuss new findings and integrate these into our current understanding to propose a model of how environmental sensing is achieved to regulate gliding motility in Toxoplasma. Collectively, these findings also have implications for the understanding of gliding motility across Apicomplexa more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D Uboldi
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immune Defense, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mary-Louise Wilde
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immune Defense, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Stefanie M Bader
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immune Defense, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christopher J Tonkin
- Division of Infectious Disease and Immune Defense, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,The Department of Medical Biology, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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24
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Walker GA, Henderson CM, Luong P, Block DE, Bisson LF. Downshifting Yeast Dominance: Cell Physiology and Phospholipid Composition Are Altered With Establishment of the [ GAR +] Prion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:2011. [PMID: 32983023 PMCID: PMC7477300 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.02011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Establishment of the [GAR +] prion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae reduces both transcriptional expression of the HXT3 hexose transporter gene and fermentation capacity in high sugar conditions. We evaluated the impact of deletion of the HXT3 gene on the expression of [GAR +] prion phenotype in a vineyard isolate, UCD932, and found that changes in fermentation capacity were observable even with complete loss of the Hxt3 transporter, suggesting other cellular functions affecting fermentation rate may be impacted in [GAR +] strains. In a comparison of isogenic [GAR +] and [gar -] strains, localization of the Pma1 plasma membrane ATPase showed differences in distribution within the membrane. In addition, plasma membrane lipid composition varied between the two cell types. Oxygen uptake was decreased in prion induced cells suggesting membrane changes affect plasma membrane functionality beyond glucose transport. Thus, multiple cell surface properties are altered upon induction of the [GAR +] prion in addition to changes in expression of the HXT3 gene. We propose a model wherein [GAR +] prion establishment within a yeast population is associated with modulation of plasma membrane functionality, fermentation capacity, niche dominance, and cell physiology to facilitate growth and mitigate cytotoxicity under certain environmental conditions. Down-regulation of expression of the HXT3 hexose transporter gene is only one component of a suite of physiological differences. Our data show the [GAR +] prion state is accompanied by multiple changes in the yeast cell surface that prioritize population survivability over maximizing metabolic capacity and enable progeny to establish an alternative adaptive state while maintaining reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gordon A Walker
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Clark M Henderson
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Peter Luong
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - David E Block
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Linda F Bisson
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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25
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Putta P, Creque E, Piontkivska H, Kooijman EE. Lipid-protein interactions for ECA1 an N-ANTH domain protein involved in stress signaling in plants. Chem Phys Lipids 2020; 231:104919. [PMID: 32416105 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2020.104919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Epsin-like Clathrin Adaptor 1 (ECA1/ PICALM1A) is an A/ENTH domain protein that acts as an adaptor protein in clathrin-mediated endocytosis. ECA1 is recruited to the membrane during salt stress signaling in plants in a phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent manner. PA is a lipid second messenger that rapidly and transiently increases in concentration under stress stimuli. Upon an increase in PA concentration another lipid, diacylglycerol pyrophosphate (DGPP), starts to accumulate. The accumulation of DGPP is suggested to be a cue for attenuating PA signaling during stress in plants. We showed in vitro that ECA1-PA binding is modulated as a function of membrane curvature stress and charge. In this work, we investigate ECA1 binding to DGPP in comparison with PA. We show that ECA1 has more affinity for the less charged PA, and this binding is pH dependent. Additionally, plant PA binding proteins SnRK2.10, TGD2C, and PDK1-PH2 were investigated for their interaction with DGPP, since no known DGPP binding proteins are available in the literature to date. Our results shed further light on DGPP and its interactions with membrane proteins which brings us closer toward understanding the complexity of protein interactions with anionic lipids, especially the enigmatic anionic lipid DGPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Putta
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Emily Creque
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Helen Piontkivska
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
| | - Edgar E Kooijman
- Biological Sciences, Kent State University, PO Box 5109, 44242 Kent, OH, USA.
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26
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Ianutsevich EA, Danilova OA, Tereshina VM. Combinatorial Action of Different Stress Factors on the Composition of Membrane Lipids and Osmolytes of Aspergillus niger. Microbiology (Reading) 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261720040153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
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27
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Division and Adaptation to Host Environment of Apicomplexan Parasites Depend on Apicoplast Lipid Metabolic Plasticity and Host Organelle Remodeling. Cell Rep 2020; 30:3778-3792.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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28
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Momoi Y, Nishikimi A, Du G, Kataoka T, Katagiri K. Phosphatidic acid regulates subcellular distribution of RA-GEFs critical for chemokine-dependent migration. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 524:325-331. [PMID: 31996307 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.01.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Integrin activation by Rap1-GTP is pivotal for lymphocyte trafficking. In this study, we show the phosphatidic acid (PA)-dependent membrane distribution of RA-GEF-1 and -2 (also known as Rapgef2 and 6), which are guanine nucleotide exchange factors for Rap1, plays important roles in lymphocyte migration. RA-GEF-1 associates with PA through 919-967 aa within CDC25 homology domain, and the deletion of this region of RA-GEF-1 inhibits chemokine-dependent migration. Chemokine stimulation induces temporal production of PA on the plasma membrane, which is not necessary for Rap1 activation, but the translocation of RA-GEFs. Thus, chemokine-dependent generation of PA is critical for lymphocyte migration through membrane localization of RA-GEFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Momoi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan
| | - Akihiko Nishikimi
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan
| | - Guangwei Du
- Department of Integrative Biology & Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science at Houston 6431 Fannin St, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Tohru Kataoka
- Division of Molecular Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan
| | - Koko Katagiri
- Department of Biosciences, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minamiku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0337, Japan.
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29
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Frias MA, Mukhopadhyay S, Lehman E, Walasek A, Utter M, Menon D, Foster DA. Phosphatidic acid drives mTORC1 lysosomal translocation in the absence of amino acids. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:263-274. [PMID: 31767684 PMCID: PMC6952608 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.010892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Revised: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) promotes cell growth and proliferation in response to nutrients and growth factors. Amino acids induce lysosomal translocation of mTORC1 via the Rag GTPases. Growth factors activate Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb), which in turn activates mTORC1 at the lysosome. Amino acids and growth factors also induce the phospholipase D (PLD)-phosphatidic acid (PA) pathway, required for mTORC1 signaling through mechanisms that are not fully understood. Here, using human and murine cell lines, along with immunofluorescence, confocal microscopy, endocytosis, PLD activity, and cell viability assays, we show that exogenously supplied PA vesicles deliver mTORC1 to the lysosome in the absence of amino acids, Rag GTPases, growth factors, and Rheb. Of note, pharmacological or genetic inhibition of endogenous PLD prevented mTORC1 lysosomal translocation. We observed that precancerous cells with constitutive Rheb activation through loss of tuberous sclerosis complex subunit 2 (TSC2) exploit the PLD-PA pathway and thereby sustain mTORC1 activation at the lysosome in the absence of amino acids. Our findings indicate that sequential inputs from amino acids and growth factors trigger PA production required for mTORC1 translocation and activation at the lysosome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria A Frias
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021; Clinical and Translational Master's Program, Clinical and Translational Science Center, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065.
| | - Suman Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021
| | - Elyssa Lehman
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021
| | - Aleksandra Walasek
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021
| | - Matthew Utter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021
| | - Deepak Menon
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021
| | - David A Foster
- Department of Biological Sciences, Hunter College of the City University of New York, New York, New York 10021; Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York 10065.
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30
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Kumar M, Ojha S, Rai P, Joshi A, Kamat SS, Mallik R. Insulin activates intracellular transport of lipid droplets to release triglycerides from the liver. J Cell Biol 2019; 218:3697-3713. [PMID: 31604801 PMCID: PMC6829650 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201903102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Kumar et al. describe a detailed pathway for channeling fat from the liver into blood across fed/fasted cycles. Insulin, phosphatidic acid, and kinesin collaborate in hepatocytes to deliver lipid droplets to the smooth ER, where they are catabolized to supply fat for lipoprotein production and secretion. Triglyceride-rich lipid droplets (LDs) are catabolized with high efficiency in hepatocytes to supply fatty acids for producing lipoprotein particles. Fasting causes a massive influx of adipose-derived fatty acids into the liver. The liver in the fasted state is therefore bloated with LDs but, remarkably, still continues to secrete triglycerides at a constant rate. Here we show that insulin signaling elevates phosphatidic acid (PA) dramatically on LDs in the fed state. PA then signals to recruit kinesin-1 motors, which transport LDs to the peripherally located smooth ER inside hepatocytes, where LDs are catabolized to produce lipoproteins. This pathway is down-regulated homeostatically when fasting causes insulin levels to drop, thus preventing dangerous elevation of triglycerides in the blood. Further, we show that a specific peptide against kinesin-1 blocks triglyceride secretion without any apparent deleterious effects on cells. Our work therefore reveals fundamental mechanisms that maintain lipid homeostasis across metabolic states and leverages this knowledge to propose a molecular target against hyperlipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukesh Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Srikant Ojha
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Priyanka Rai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
| | - Alaumy Joshi
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - Roop Mallik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, India
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31
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Zhukovsky MA, Filograna A, Luini A, Corda D, Valente C. Phosphatidic acid in membrane rearrangements. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:2428-2451. [PMID: 31365767 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is the simplest cellular glycerophospholipid characterized by unique biophysical properties: a small headgroup; negative charge; and a phosphomonoester group. Upon interaction with lysine or arginine, PA charge increases from -1 to -2 and this change stabilizes protein-lipid interactions. The biochemical properties of PA also allow interactions with lipids in several subcellular compartments. Based on this feature, PA is involved in the regulation and amplification of many cellular signalling pathways and functions, as well as in membrane rearrangements. Thereby, PA can influence membrane fusion and fission through four main mechanisms: it is a substrate for enzymes producing lipids (lysophosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol) that are involved in fission or fusion; it contributes to membrane rearrangements by generating negative membrane curvature; it interacts with proteins required for membrane fusion and fission; and it activates enzymes whose products are involved in membrane rearrangements. Here, we discuss the biophysical properties of PA in the context of the above four roles of PA in membrane fusion and fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Zhukovsky
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Filograna
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Valente
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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32
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Zhukovsky MA, Filograna A, Luini A, Corda D, Valente C. The Structure and Function of Acylglycerophosphate Acyltransferase 4/ Lysophosphatidic Acid Acyltransferase Delta (AGPAT4/LPAATδ). Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:147. [PMID: 31428612 PMCID: PMC6688108 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid-modifying enzymes serve crucial roles in cellular processes such as signal transduction (producing lipid-derived second messengers), intracellular membrane transport (facilitating membrane remodeling needed for membrane fusion/fission), and protein clustering (organizing lipid domains as anchoring platforms). The lipid products crucial in these processes can derive from different metabolic pathways, thus it is essential to know the localization, substrate specificity, deriving products (and their function) of all lipid-modifying enzymes. Here we discuss an emerging family of these enzymes, the lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferases (LPAATs), also known as acylglycerophosphate acyltransferases (AGPATs), that produce phosphatidic acid (PA) having as substrates lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and acyl-CoA. Eleven LPAAT/AGPAT enzymes have been identified in mice and humans based on sequence homologies, and their localization, specific substrates and functions explored. We focus on one member of the family, LPAATδ, a protein expressed mainly in brain and in muscle (though to a lesser extent in other tissues); while at the cellular level it is localized at the trans-Golgi network membranes and at the mitochondrial outer membranes. LPAATδ is a physiologically essential enzyme since mice knocked-out for Lpaatδ show severe dysfunctions including cognitive impairment, impaired force contractility and altered white adipose tissue. The LPAATδ physiological roles are related to the formation of its product PA. PA is a multifunctional lipid involved in cell signaling as well as in membrane remodeling. In particular, the LPAATδ-catalyzed conversion of LPA (inverted-cone-shaped lipid) to PA (cone-shaped lipid) is considered a mechanism of deformation of the bilayer that favors membrane fission. Indeed, LPAATδ is an essential component of the fission-inducing machinery driven by the protein BARS. In this process, a protein-tripartite complex (BARS/14-3-3γ/phosphoinositide kinase PI4KIIIβ) is recruited at the trans-Golgi network, at the sites where membrane fission is to occur; there, LPAATδ directly interacts with BARS and is activated by BARS. The resulting formation of PA is essential for membrane fission occurring at those spots. Also in mitochondria PA formation has been related to fusion/fission events. Since PA is formed by various enzymatic pathways in different cell compartments, the BARS-LPAATδ interaction indicates the relevance of lipid-modifying enzymes acting exactly where their products are needed (i.e., PA at the Golgi membranes).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Zhukovsky
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela Filograna
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Alberto Luini
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Daniela Corda
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmen Valente
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology and Institute of Protein Biochemistry, National Research Council, Naples, Italy
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33
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Wilson MS, Jessen HJ, Saiardi A. The inositol hexakisphosphate kinases IP6K1 and -2 regulate human cellular phosphate homeostasis, including XPR1-mediated phosphate export. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11597-11608. [PMID: 31186349 PMCID: PMC6663863 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.007848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphate's central role in most biochemical reactions in a living organism requires carefully maintained homeostasis. Although phosphate homeostasis in mammals has long been studied at the organismal level, the intracellular mechanisms controlling phosphate metabolism are not well-understood. Inositol pyrophosphates have emerged as important regulatory elements controlling yeast phosphate homeostasis. To verify whether inositol pyrophosphates also regulate mammalian cellular phosphate homeostasis, here we knocked out inositol hexakisphosphate kinase (IP6K) 1 and IP6K2 to generate human HCT116 cells devoid of any inositol pyrophosphates. Using PAGE and HPLC analysis, we observed that the IP6K1/2-knockout cells have nondetectable levels of the IP6-derived IP7 and IP8 and also exhibit reduced synthesis of the IP5-derived PP-IP4. Nucleotide analysis showed that the knockout cells contain increased amounts of ATP, whereas the Malachite green assay found elevated levels of free intracellular phosphate. Furthermore, [32Pi] pulse labeling experiments uncovered alterations in phosphate flux, with both import and export of phosphate being decreased in the knockout cells. Functional analysis of the phosphate exporter xenotropic and polytropic retrovirus receptor 1 (XPR1) revealed that it is regulated by inositol pyrophosphates, which can bind to its SPX domain. We conclude that IP6K1 and -2 together control inositol pyrophosphate metabolism and thereby physiologically regulate phosphate export and other aspects of mammalian cellular phosphate homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miranda S Wilson
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Henning J Jessen
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Adolfo Saiardi
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, London, United Kingdom
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34
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Medvedev S, Voronina O, Tankelyun O, Bilova T, Suslov D, Bankin M, Mackievic V, Makavitskaya M, Shishova M, Martinec J, Smolikova G, Sharova E, Demidchik V. Phosphatidic acids mediate transport of Ca 2+ and H + through plant cell membranes. FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY : FPB 2019; 46:533-542. [PMID: 30940327 DOI: 10.1071/fp18242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acids (PAs) are a key intermediate in phospholipid biosynthesis, and a central element in numerous signalling pathways. Functions of PAs are related to their fundamental role in molecular interactions within cell membranes modifying membrane bending, budding, fission and fusion. Here we tested the hypothesis that PAs are capable of direct transport of ions across bio-membranes. We have demonstrated that PAs added to the maize plasma membrane vesicles induced ionophore-like transmembrane transport of Ca2+, H+ and Mg2+. PA-induced Ca2+ fluxes increased with an increasing PAs acyl chain unsaturation. For all the PAs analysed, the effect on Ca2+ permeability increased with increasing pH (pH 8.0>pH 7.2>pH 6.0). The PA-induced Ca2+, Mg2+ and H+ permeability was also more pronounced in the endomembrane vesicles as compared with the plasma membrane vesicles. Addition of PA to protoplasts from Arabidopsis thaliana (L.) Heynh. roots constitutively expressing aequorin triggered elevation of the cytosolic Ca2+ activity, indicating that the observed PA-dependent Ca2+ transport occurs in intact plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei Medvedev
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
| | - Olga Voronina
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Olga Tankelyun
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Bilova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Dmitry Suslov
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikhail Bankin
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Viera Mackievic
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Maryia Makavitskaya
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus
| | - Maria Shishova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Jan Martinec
- Institute of Experimental Botany AS CR, vvi, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Galina Smolikova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Elena Sharova
- Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya em. 7-9, 199034, St Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vadim Demidchik
- Department of Plant Cell Biology and Bioengineering, Biological Faculty, Belarusian State University, 4 Independence Avenue, Minsk, 220030, Belarus; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
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35
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Kulig W, Korolainen H, Zatorska M, Kwolek U, Wydro P, Kepczynski M, Róg T. Complex Behavior of Phosphatidylcholine-Phosphatidic Acid Bilayers and Monolayers: Effect of Acyl Chain Unsaturation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:5944-5956. [PMID: 30942590 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acids (PAs) have many biological functions in biomembranes, e.g., they are involved in the proliferation, differentiation, and transformation of cells. Despite decades of research, the molecular understanding of how PAs affect the properties of biomembranes remains elusive. In this study, we explored the properties of lipid bilayers and monolayers composed of PAs and phosphatidylcholines (PCs) with various acyl chains. For this purpose, the Langmuir monolayer technique and atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to study the miscibility of PA and PC lipids and the molecular organization of mixed bilayers. The monolayer experiments demonstrated that the miscibility of membrane components strongly depends on the structure of the hydrocarbon chains and thus on the overall lipid shape. Interactions between PA and PC molecules vary from repulsive, for systems containing lipids with saturated and unsaturated acyl tails (strongly positive values of the excess free energy of mixing), to attractive, for systems in which all lipid tails are saturated (negative values of the excess free energy of mixing). The MD simulations provided atomistic insight into polar interactions (formation of hydrogen bonds and charge pairs) in PC-PA systems. H-bonding between PA monoanions and PCs in mixed bilayers is infrequent, and the lipid molecules interact mainly via electrostatic interactions. However, the number of charge pairs significantly decreases with the number of unsaturated lipid chains in the PA-PC system. The PA dianions weakly interact with the zwitterionic lipids, but their headgroups are more hydrated as compared to the monoanionic form. The acyl chains in all PC-PA bilayers are more ordered compared to single-component PC systems. In addition, depending on the combination of lipids, we observed a deeper location of the PA phosphate groups compared to the PC phosphate groups, which can alter the presentation of PAs for the peripheral membrane proteins, affecting their accessibility for binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waldemar Kulig
- Computational Physics Laboratory , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Hanna Korolainen
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
| | - Maria Zatorska
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Kraków , Poland
| | - Urszula Kwolek
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Kraków , Poland
| | - Paweł Wydro
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Kraków , Poland
| | - Mariusz Kepczynski
- Faculty of Chemistry , Jagiellonian University , Gronostajowa 2 , 30-387 Kraków , Poland
| | - Tomasz Róg
- Computational Physics Laboratory , Tampere University , P.O. Box 692, FI-33014 Tampere , Finland
- Department of Physics , University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki , Finland
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Wang L, Lin Z, Triviño M, Nowack MK, Franklin-Tong VE, Bosch M. Self-incompatibility in Papaver pollen: programmed cell death in an acidic environment. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:2113-2123. [PMID: 30481323 PMCID: PMC7116307 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ery406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Self-incompatibility (SI) is a genetically controlled mechanism that prevents self-fertilization and thus encourages outbreeding and genetic diversity. During pollination, most SI systems utilize cell-cell recognition to reject incompatible pollen. Mechanistically, one of the best-studied SI systems is that of Papaver rhoeas (poppy), which involves the interaction between the two S-determinants, a stigma-expressed secreted protein (PrsS) and a pollen-expressed plasma membrane-localized protein (PrpS). This interaction is the critical step in determining acceptance of compatible pollen or rejection of incompatible pollen. Cognate PrpS-PrsS interaction triggers a signalling network causing rapid growth arrest and eventually programmed cell death (PCD) in incompatible pollen. In this review, we provide an overview of recent advances in our understanding of the major components involved in the SI-induced PCD (SI-PCD). In particular, we focus on the importance of SI-induced intracellular acidification and consequences for protein function, and the regulation of soluble inorganic pyrophosphatase (Pr-p26.1) activity by post-translational modification. We also discuss attempts to identify protease(s) involved in the SI-PCD process. Finally, we outline future opportunities made possible by the functional transfer of the P. rhoeas SI system to Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludi Wang
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
| | - Zongcheng Lin
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marina Triviño
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Moritz K Nowack
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Genetics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Vernonica E Franklin-Tong
- School of Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Maurice Bosch
- Institute of Biological, Environmental and Rural Sciences (IBERS), Aberystwyth University, Plas Gogerddan, Aberystwyth, UK
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Trewby W, Faraudo J, Voïtchovsky K. Long-lived ionic nano-domains can modulate the stiffness of soft interfaces. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4376-4384. [PMID: 30801089 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr06339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Metal ions underpin countless processes at bio-interfaces, including maintaining electroneutrality, modifying mechanical properties and driving bioenergetic activity. These processes are typically described by ions behaving as independently diffusing point charges. Here we show that Na+ and K+ ions instead spontaneously form correlated nanoscale networks that evolve over seconds at the interface with an anionic bilayer in solution. Combining single-ion level atomic force microscopy and molecular dynamic simulations we investigate the configuration and dynamics of Na+, K+, and Rb+ at the lipid surface. We identify two distinct ionic states: the well-known direct electrostatic interaction with lipid headgroups and a water-mediated interaction that can drive the formation of remarkably long-lived ionic networks which evolve over many seconds. We show that this second state induces ionic network formation via correlative ion-ion interactions that generate an effective energy well of -0.4kBT/ion. These networks locally reduce the stiffness of the membrane, providing a spontaneous mechanism for tuning its mechanical properties with nanoscale precision. The ubiquity of water-mediated interactions suggest that our results have far-reaching implications for controlling the properties of soft interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Trewby
- University of Durham, Physics Department, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
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Petit JD, Immel F, Lins L, Bayer EM. Lipids or Proteins: Who Is Leading the Dance at Membrane Contact Sites? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:198. [PMID: 30846999 PMCID: PMC6393330 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the mode of action of membrane contact sites (MCSs) across eukaryotic organisms at the near-atomic level to infer function at the cellular and tissue levels is a challenge scientists are currently facing. These peculiar systems dedicated to inter-organellar communication are perfect examples of cellular processes where the interplay between lipids and proteins is critical. In this mini review, we underline the link between membrane lipid environment, the recruitment of proteins at specialized membrane domains and the function of MCSs. More precisely, we want to give insights on the crucial role of lipids in defining the specificity of plant endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-plasma membrane (PM) MCSs and we further propose approaches to study them at multiple scales. Our goal is not so much to go into detailed description of MCSs, as there are numerous focused reviews on the subject, but rather try to pinpoint the critical elements defining those structures and give an original point of view by considering the subject from a near-atomic angle with a focus on lipids. We review current knowledge as to how lipids can define MCS territories, play a role in the recruitment and function of the MCS-associated proteins and in turn, how the lipid environment can be modified by proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules D. Petit
- UMR5200 CNRS, Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, TERRA Research Centre, GX ABT, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Françoise Immel
- UMR5200 CNRS, Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
| | - Laurence Lins
- Laboratoire de Biophysique Moléculaire aux Interfaces, TERRA Research Centre, GX ABT, Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - Emmanuelle M. Bayer
- UMR5200 CNRS, Laboratory of Membrane Biogenesis, University of Bordeaux, Villenave d’Ornon, France
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Doñate-Macián P, Álvarez-Marimon E, Sepulcre F, Vázquez-Ibar JL, Perálvarez-Marín A. The Membrane Proximal Domain of TRPV1 and TRPV2 Channels Mediates Protein⁻Protein Interactions and Lipid Binding In Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20030682. [PMID: 30764505 PMCID: PMC6387362 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20030682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Constitutive or regulated membrane protein trafficking is a key cell biology process. Transient receptor potential channels are somatosensory proteins in charge of detecting several physical and chemical stimuli, thus requiring fine vesicular trafficking. The membrane proximal or pre-S1 domain (MPD) is a highly conserved domain in transient receptor potential channels from the vanilloid (TRPV) subfamily. MPD shows traits corresponding to protein-protein and lipid-protein interactions, and protein regulatory regions. We have expressed MPD of TRPV1 and TRPV2 as green fluorescente protein (GFP)-fusion proteins to perform an in vitro biochemical and biophysical characterization. Pull-down experiments indicate that MPD recognizes and binds Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor Attachment Protein Receptors (SNARE). Synchrotron radiation scattering experiments show that this domain does not self-oligomerize. MPD interacts with phosphatidic acid (PA), a metabolite of the phospholipase D (PLD) pathway, in a specific manner as shown by lipid strips and Trp fluorescence quenching experiments. We show for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the binding to PA of an N-terminus domain in TRPV channels. The presence of a PA binding domain in TRPV channels argues for putative PLD regulation. Findings in this study open new perspectives to understand the regulated and constitutive trafficking of TRPV channels exerted by protein-protein and lipid-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pau Doñate-Macián
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Elena Álvarez-Marimon
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Francesc Sepulcre
- Departament d'Enginyeria Agroalimentària i Biotecnologia, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 08860 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - José Luis Vázquez-Ibar
- Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
- Institut des Sciences du Vivant Frédéric-JOLIOT, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Alex Perálvarez-Marín
- Biophysics Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain.
- Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallés, Catalonia, Spain.
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40
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Merida I, Arranz-Nicolás J, Torres-Ayuso P, Ávila-Flores A. Diacylglycerol Kinase Malfunction in Human Disease and the Search for Specific Inhibitors. Handb Exp Pharmacol 2019; 259:133-162. [PMID: 31227890 DOI: 10.1007/164_2019_221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The diacylglycerol kinases (DGKs) are master regulator kinases that control the switch from diacylglycerol (DAG) to phosphatidic acid (PA), two lipids with important structural and signaling properties. Mammalian DGKs distribute into five subfamilies that regulate local availability of DAG and PA pools in a tissue- and subcellular-restricted manner. Pharmacological manipulation of DGK activity holds great promise, given the critical contribution of specific DGK subtypes to the control of membrane structure, signaling complexes, and cell-cell communication. The latest advances in the DGK field have unveiled the differential contribution of selected isoforms to human disease. Defects in the expression/activity of individual DGK isoforms contribute substantially to cognitive impairment, mental disorders, insulin resistance, and vascular pathologies. Abnormal DGK overexpression, on the other hand, confers the acquisition of malignant traits including invasion, chemotherapy resistance, and inhibition of immune attack on tumors. Translation of these findings into therapeutic approaches will require development of methods to pharmacologically modulate DGK functions. In particular, inhibitors that target the DGKα isoform hold particular promise in the fight against cancer, on their own or in combination with immune-targeting therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Merida
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain.
| | - Javier Arranz-Nicolás
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Torres-Ayuso
- Laboratory of Cell and Developmental Signaling, National Cancer Institute (NCI-NIH), Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Antonia Ávila-Flores
- Department of Immunology and Oncology, National Center of Biotechnology (CNB-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Han H, Qi R, Zhou JJ, Ta AP, Yang B, Nakaoka HJ, Seo G, Guan KL, Luo R, Wang W. Regulation of the Hippo Pathway by Phosphatidic Acid-Mediated Lipid-Protein Interaction. Mol Cell 2018; 72:328-340.e8. [PMID: 30293781 PMCID: PMC6195446 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2018.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2018] [Accepted: 08/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays a crucial role in organ size control and tumor suppression, but its precise regulation is not fully understood. In this study, we discovered that phosphatidic acid (PA)-related lipid signaling is a key regulator of the Hippo pathway. Supplementing PA in various Hippo-activating conditions activates YAP. This PA-related lipid signaling is involved in Rho-mediated YAP activation. Mechanistically, PA directly interacts with Hippo components LATS and NF2 to disrupt LATS-MOB1 complex formation and NF2-mediated LATS membrane translocation and activation, respectively. Inhibition of phospholipase D (PLD)-dependent PA production suppresses YAP oncogenic activities. PLD1 is highly expressed in breast cancer and positively correlates with YAP activation, suggesting their pathological relevance in breast cancer development. Taken together, our study not only reveals a role of PLD-PA lipid signaling in regulating the Hippo pathway but also indicates that the PLD-PA-YAP axis is a potential therapeutic target for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Ruxi Qi
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jeff Jiajing Zhou
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Albert Paul Ta
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Bing Yang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Hiroki J Nakaoka
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Gayoung Seo
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Kun-Liang Guan
- Department of Pharmacology and Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Ray Luo
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Wenqi Wang
- Department of Developmental and Cell Biology, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
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Pokotylo I, Kravets V, Martinec J, Ruelland E. The phosphatidic acid paradox: Too many actions for one molecule class? Lessons from plants. Prog Lipid Res 2018; 71:43-53. [PMID: 29842906 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Phosphatidic acid (PA) is a simple phospholipid observed in most organisms. PA acts as a key metabolic intermediate and a second messenger that regulates many cell activities. In plants, PA is involved in numerous cell responses induced by hormones, stress inputs and developmental processes. Interestingly, PA production can be triggered by opposite stressors, such as cold and heat, or by hormones that are considered to be antagonistic, such as abscisic acid and salicylic acid. This property questions the specificity of the responses controlled by PA. Are there generic responses to PA, meaning that cell regulation triggered by PA would be always the same, even in opposite physiological situations? Alternatively, do the responses to PA differ according to the physiological context within the cells? If so, the mechanisms that regulate the divergence of PA-controlled reactions are poorly defined. This review summarizes the latest opinions on how PA signalling is directed in plant cells and examines the intrinsic properties of PA that enable its regulatory diversity. We propose a concept whereby PA regulatory messages are perceived as complex "signatures" that take into account their production site, the availability of target proteins and the relevant cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Igor Pokotylo
- Université Paris-Est, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Créteil, France; Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Kravets
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Jan Martinec
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Eric Ruelland
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry and Petrochemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev, Ukraine; CNRS, UMR7618, Institut d'Ecologie et des Sciences de l'Environnement de Paris, Créteil, France.
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43
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Shedding light on lipid metabolism in Kinetoplastida: A phylogenetic analysis of phospholipase D protein homologs. Gene 2018; 656:95-105. [PMID: 29501621 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.02.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Unicellular flagellates that make up the class Kinetoplastida include multiple parasites responsible for public health concerns, including Trypanosoma brucei and T. cruzi (agents of African sleeping sickness and Chagas disease, respectively), and various Leishmania species, which cause leishmaniasis. These diseases are generally difficult to eradicate, with treatments often having lethal side effects and/or being effective only during the acute phase of the diseases, when most patients are still asymptomatic. Phospholipid signaling and metabolism are important in the different life stages of Trypanosoma, including playing a role in transitions between stages and in immune system evasion, thus, making the responsible enzymes into potential therapeutic targets. However, relatively little is understood about how the pathways function in these pathogens. Thus, in this study we examined evolutionary history of proteins from one such signaling pathway, namely phospholipase D (PLD) homologs. PLD is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing phosphatidic acid (PA) from membrane phospholipids. PA is not only utilized for phospholipid synthesis, but is also involved in many other signaling pathways, including biotic and abiotic stress response. 37 different representative Kinetoplastida genomes were used for an exhaustive search to identify putative PLD homologs. The genome of Bodo saltans was the only one of surveyed Kinetoplastida genomes that encoded a protein that clustered with plant PLDs. The representatives from other Kinetoplastida species clustered together in two different clades, thought to be homologous to the PLD superfamily, but with shared sequence similarity with cardiolipin synthases (CLS), and phosphatidylserine synthases (PSS). The protein structure predictions showed that most Kinetoplastida sequences resemble CLS and PSS, with the exception of 5 sequences from Bodo saltans that shared significant structural similarities with the PLD sequences, suggesting the loss of PLD-like sequences during the evolution of parasitism in kinetoplastids. On the other hand, diacylglycerol kinase (DGK) homologs were identified for all species examined in this study, indicating that DGK could be the only pathway for the synthesis of PA involved in lipid signaling in these organisms due to genome streamlining during transition to parasitic lifestyle. Our findings offer insights for development of potential therapeutic and/or intervention approaches, particularly those focused on using PA, PLD and/or DGK related pathways, against trypanosomiasis, leishmaniasis, and Chagas disease.
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Angelova MI, Bitbol AF, Seigneuret M, Staneva G, Kodama A, Sakuma Y, Kawakatsu T, Imai M, Puff N. pH sensing by lipids in membranes: The fundamentals of pH-driven migration, polarization and deformations of lipid bilayer assemblies. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1860:2042-2063. [PMID: 29501601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Most biological molecules contain acido-basic groups that modulate their structure and interactions. A consequence is that pH gradients, local heterogeneities and dynamic variations are used by cells and organisms to drive or regulate specific biological functions including energetic metabolism, vesicular traffic, migration and spatial patterning of tissues in development. While the direct or regulatory role of pH in protein function is well documented, the role of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions in modulating the properties of lipid assemblies such as bilayer membranes is only beginning to be understood. Here, we review approaches using artificial lipid vesicles that have been instrumental in providing an understanding of the influence of pH gradients and local variations on membrane vectorial motional processes: migration, membrane curvature effects promoting global or local deformations, crowding generation by segregative polarization processes. In the case of pH induced local deformations, an extensive theoretical framework is given and an application to a specific biological issue, namely the structure and stability of mitochondrial cristae, is described. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Emergence of Complex Behavior in Biomembranes edited by Marjorie Longo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miglena I Angelova
- Sorbonne University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Paris F-75005, France; University Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris F-75013, France.
| | - Anne-Florence Bitbol
- Sorbonne University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Laboratory Jean Perrin, UMR 8237 CNRS, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Michel Seigneuret
- University Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris F-75013, France
| | - Galya Staneva
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Atsuji Kodama
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yuka Sakuma
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | | | - Masayuki Imai
- Department of Physics, Tohoku University, Aoba, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
| | - Nicolas Puff
- Sorbonne University, Faculty of Science and Engineering, UFR 925 Physics, Paris F-75005, France; University Paris Diderot - Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Laboratory Matière et Systèmes Complexes (MSC) UMR 7057 CNRS, Paris F-75013, France
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45
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Karim MA, Brett CL. The Na +(K +)/H + exchanger Nhx1 controls multivesicular body-vacuolar lysosome fusion. Mol Biol Cell 2018; 29:317-325. [PMID: 29212874 PMCID: PMC5996954 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e17-08-0496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 11/28/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss-of-function mutations in human endosomal Na+(K+)/H+ exchangers (NHEs) NHE6 and NHE9 are implicated in neurological disorders including Christianson syndrome, autism, and attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder. These mutations disrupt retention of surface receptors within neurons and glial cells by affecting their delivery to lysosomes for degradation. However, the molecular basis of how these endosomal NHEs control endocytic trafficking is unclear. Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model, we conducted cell-free organelle fusion assays to show that transport activity of the orthologous endosomal NHE Nhx1 is important for multivesicular body (MVB)-vacuolar lysosome fusion, the last step of endocytosis required for surface protein degradation. We find that deleting Nhx1 disrupts the fusogenicity of the MVB, not the vacuole, by targeting pH-sensitive machinery downstream of the Rab-GTPase Ypt7 needed for SNARE-mediated lipid bilayer merger. All contributing mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved offering new insight into the etiology of human disorders linked to loss of endosomal NHE function.
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46
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Wright LM, Carpinone EM, Bennett TL, Hondalus MK, Starai VJ. VapA of Rhodococcus equi binds phosphatidic acid. Mol Microbiol 2017; 107:428-444. [PMID: 29205554 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.13892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Revised: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rhodococcus equi is a multihost, facultative intracellular bacterial pathogen that primarily causes pneumonia in foals less than six months in age and immunocompromised people. Previous studies determined that the major virulence determinant of R. equi is the surface bound virulence associated protein A (VapA). The presence of VapA inhibits the maturation of R. equi-containing phagosomes and promotes intracellular bacterial survival, as determined by the inability of vapA deletion mutants to replicate in host macrophages. While the mechanism of action of VapA remains elusive, we show that soluble recombinant VapA32-189 both rescues the intramacrophage replication defect of a wild type R. equi strain lacking the vapA gene and enhances the persistence of nonpathogenic Escherichia coli in macrophages. During macrophage infection, VapA was observed at both the bacterial surface and at the membrane of the host-derived R. equi containing vacuole, thus providing an opportunity for VapA to interact with host constituents and promote alterations in phagolysosomal function. In support of the observed host membrane binding activity of VapA, we also found that rVapA32-189 interacted specifically with liposomes containing phosphatidic acid in vitro. Collectively, these data demonstrate a lipid binding property of VapA, which may be required for its function during intracellular infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay M Wright
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Emily M Carpinone
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Terry L Bennett
- Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Mary K Hondalus
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Vincent J Starai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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47
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Himschoot E, Pleskot R, Van Damme D, Vanneste S. The ins and outs of Ca 2+ in plant endomembrane trafficking. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2017; 40:131-137. [PMID: 28965016 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Trafficking of proteins and lipids within the plant endomembrane system is essential to support cellular functions and is subject to rigorous regulation. Despite this seemingly strict regulation, endomembrane trafficking needs to be dynamically adjusted to ever-changing internal and environmental stimuli, while maintaining cellular integrity. Although often overlooked, the versatile second messenger Ca2+ is intimately connected to several endomembrane-associated processes. Here, we discuss the impact of electrostatic interactions between Ca2+ and anionic phospholipids on endomembrane trafficking, and illustrate the direct role of Ca2+ sensing proteins in regulating endomembrane trafficking and membrane integrity preservation. Moreover, we discuss how Ca2+ can control protein sorting within the plant endomembrane system. We thus highlight Ca2+ signaling as a versatile mechanism by which numerous signals are integrated into plant endomembrane trafficking dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellie Himschoot
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Roman Pleskot
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Rozvojova 263, 16502 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniël Van Damme
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steffen Vanneste
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, 9052 Ghent, Belgium; VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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48
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Cools TL, Vriens K, Struyfs C, Verbandt S, Ramada MHS, Brand GD, Bloch C, Koch B, Traven A, Drijfhout JW, Demuyser L, Kucharíková S, Van Dijck P, Spasic D, Lammertyn J, Cammue BPA, Thevissen K. The Antifungal Plant Defensin HsAFP1 Is a Phosphatidic Acid-Interacting Peptide Inducing Membrane Permeabilization. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:2295. [PMID: 29209301 PMCID: PMC5702387 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.02295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 11/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HsAFP1, a plant defensin isolated from coral bells (Heuchera sanguinea), is characterized by broad-spectrum antifungal activity. Previous studies indicated that HsAFP1 binds to specific fungal membrane components, which had hitherto not been identified, and induces mitochondrial dysfunction and cell membrane permeabilization. In this study, we show that HsAFP1 reversibly interacts with the membrane phospholipid phosphatidic acid (PA), which is a precursor for the biosynthesis of other phospholipids, and to a lesser extent with various phosphatidyl inositol phosphates (PtdInsP's). Moreover, via reverse ELISA assays we identified two basic amino acids in HsAFP1, namely histidine at position 32 and arginine at position 52, as well as the phosphate group in PA as important features enabling this interaction. Using a HsAFP1 variant, lacking both amino acids (HsAFP1[H32A][R52A]), we showed that, as compared to the native peptide, the ability of this variant to bind to PA and PtdInsP's is reduced (≥74%) and the antifungal activity of the variant is reduced (≥2-fold), highlighting the link between PA/PtdInsP binding and antifungal activity. Using fluorescently labelled HsAFP1 in confocal microscopy and flow cytometry assays, we showed that HsAFP1 accumulates at the cell surface of yeast cells with intact membranes, most notably at the buds and septa. The resulting HsAFP1-induced membrane permeabilization is likely to occur after HsAFP1's internalization. These data provide novel mechanistic insights in the mode of action of the HsAFP1 plant defensin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanne L Cools
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kim Vriens
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Caroline Struyfs
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sara Verbandt
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marcelo H S Ramada
- Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil.,Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Guilherme D Brand
- Chemistry Institute, Campus Darcy Ribeiro, University of Brasilia, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Carlos Bloch
- Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasilia, Brazil
| | - Barbara Koch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Ana Traven
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jan W Drijfhout
- Department of Immunohematology and Blood Transfusion, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Liesbeth Demuyser
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Soňa Kucharíková
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Patrick Van Dijck
- Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | | | - Bruno P A Cammue
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Karin Thevissen
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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49
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Boroda S, Takkellapati S, Lawrence RT, Entwisle SW, Pearson JM, Granade ME, Mullins GR, Eaton JM, Villén J, Harris TE. The phosphatidic acid-binding, polybasic domain is responsible for the differences in the phosphoregulation of lipins 1 and 3. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:20481-20493. [PMID: 28982975 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.786574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2017] [Revised: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipins 1, 2, and 3 are Mg2+-dependent phosphatidic acid phosphatases and catalyze the penultimate step of triacylglycerol synthesis. We have previously investigated the biochemistry of lipins 1 and 2 and shown that di-anionic phosphatidic acid (PA) augments their activity and lipid binding and that lipin 1 activity is negatively regulated by phosphorylation. In the present study, we show that phosphorylation does not affect the catalytic activity of lipin 3 or its ability to associate with PA in vitro The lipin proteins each contain a conserved polybasic domain (PBD) composed of nine lysine and arginine residues located between the conserved N- and C-terminal domains. In lipin 1, the PBD is the site of PA binding and sensing of the PA electrostatic charge. The specific arrangement and number of the lysines and arginines of the PBD vary among the lipins. We show that the different PBDs of lipins 1 and 3 are responsible for the presence of phosphoregulation on the former but not the latter enzyme. To do so, we generated lipin 1 that contained the PBD of lipin 3 and vice versa. The lipin 1 enzyme with the lipin 3 PBD lost its ability to be regulated by phosphorylation but remained downstream of phosphorylation by mammalian target of rapamycin. Conversely, the presence of the lipin 1 PBD in lipin 3 subjected the enzyme to negative intramolecular control by phosphorylation. These results indicate a mechanism for the observed differences in lipin phosphoregulation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salome Boroda
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - Sankeerth Takkellapati
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - Robert T Lawrence
- the Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Samuel W Entwisle
- the Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Jennifer M Pearson
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - Mitchell E Granade
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - Garrett R Mullins
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - James M Eaton
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
| | - Judit Villén
- the Department of Genome Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195
| | - Thurl E Harris
- From the Department of Pharmacology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908 and
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50
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Zhang Q, Song P, Qu Y, Wang P, Jia Q, Guo L, Zhang C, Mao T, Yuan M, Wang X, Zhang W. Phospholipase Dδ negatively regulates plant thermotolerance by destabilizing cortical microtubules in Arabidopsis. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2017; 40:2220-2235. [PMID: 28710795 DOI: 10.1111/pce.13023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The pattern of cortical microtubule arrays plays an important role in plant growth and adaptation in response to hormonal and environmental changes. Cortical microtubules are connected with the plasma membrane (PM); however, how the membrane affects cortical microtubule organization is not well understood. Here, we showed that phospholipase Dδ (PLDδ) was associated with the PM and co-localized with microtubules in cells. In vitro analysis revealed that PLDδ bound to microtubules, resulting in microtubule disorganization. Site-specific mutations that decreased PLDδ enzymatic activity impaired its effects on destabilizing microtubule organization. Heat shock transiently activated PLDδ, without any change of its PM localization, triggering microtubule dissociation from PM and depolymerization and seedling death in Arabidopsis, but these effects were alleviated in pldδ knockout mutants. Complementation of pldδ with wild-type PLDδ, but not mutated PLDδ, restored the phenotypes of microtubules and seedling survival to those of wild-type Arabidopsis. Thus, we conclude that the PM-associated PLDδ negatively regulates plant thermotolerance via destabilizing cortical microtubules, in an activity-dependent manner, rather than its subcellular translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ping Song
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yana Qu
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Peipei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Qianru Jia
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Liang Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Chuanpeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Tonglin Mao
- College of Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Ming Yuan
- College of Biology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Xuemin Wang
- Department of Biology, University of Missouri, St Louis, MO, 63121, USA
- Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, St Louis, MO, 63132, USA
| | - Wenhua Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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