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Kong YF, Li SZ, Wang KW, Zhu B, Yuan YX, Li MK, Zhou JY. An Efficient Bayesian Method for Estimating the Degree of the Skewness of X Chromosome Inactivation Based on the Mixture of General Pedigrees and Unrelated Females. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030543. [PMID: 36979477 PMCID: PMC10046098 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI-S) has been reported to be associated with some X-linked diseases. Several methods have been proposed to estimate the degree of XCI-S (denoted as γ) for quantitative and qualitative traits based on unrelated females. However, there is no method available for estimating γ based on general pedigrees. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a Bayesian method to obtain the point estimate and the credible interval of γ based on the mixture of general pedigrees and unrelated females (called mixed data for brevity), which is also suitable for only general pedigrees. We consider the truncated normal prior and the uniform prior for γ. Further, we apply the eigenvalue decomposition and Cholesky decomposition to our proposed methods to accelerate the computation speed. We conduct extensive simulation studies to compare the performances of our proposed methods and two existing Bayesian methods which are only applicable to unrelated females. The simulation results show that the incorporation of general pedigrees can improve the efficiency of the point estimation and the precision and the accuracy of the interval estimation of γ. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data for their practical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Fan Kong
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Shi-Zhu Li
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kai-Wen Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Meng-Kai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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LncRNA JPX Promotes Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression by Targeting miR-516b-5p/VEGFA Axis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112713. [PMID: 35681693 PMCID: PMC9179376 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary LncRNA JPX acts as an oncogenic regulator in various types of cancer. Here, we present insights into the mechanistic evidence for the function of JPX in ESCC progression. To clarify the potential role of JPX in ESCC, JPX was upregulated or downregulated in ESCC cells, and in a xenograft model. We showed that JPX promoted ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via the miR-516b-5p/VEGFA pathway. Our study revealed the importance of JPX as a promising biomarker for ESCC diagnosis and therapeutic target for ESCC in clinic. Abstract Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are reported act as important regulators in various types of cancer. LncRNA JPX was identified as an oncogenic regulator in lung cancer. However, the function of JPX in the progression of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains unclear. In the present study, we found JPX was highly expressed in esophageal tissue from ESCC patients. Functional assays demonstrated that JPX promoted ESCC cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in vitro, and accelerated tumor growth in vivo. Mechanistically, the results showed that JPX functioned as a sponge of miR-516b-5p, which targeted vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) in ESCC cells. Interactions between miR-516b-5p and JPX or VEGFA were confirmed by luciferase reporter assays. Inhibition of JPX significantly attenuated the cell growth and mobility ability of ESCC cells in vitro. In addition, overexpression of miR-516b-5p abrogated JPX-enhanced proliferation, migration, invasion, and angiogenesis of ESCC cells. Our study demonstrated that JPX played an important role in promoting ESCC progression via the miR-516b-5p/VEGFA pathway, which might serve as a promising novel diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for ESCC in clinic.
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Li MK, Yuan YX, Zhu B, Wang KW, Fung WK, Zhou JY. Gene-Based Methods for Estimating the Degree of the Skewness of X Chromosome Inactivation. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13050827. [PMID: 35627212 PMCID: PMC9140558 DOI: 10.3390/genes13050827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI-S) has been reported to be associated with some X-linked diseases, and currently several methods have been proposed to estimate the degree of the XCI-S (denoted as γ) for a single locus. However, no method has been available to estimate γ for genes. Therefore, in this paper, we first propose the point estimate and the penalized point estimate of γ for genes, and then derive its confidence intervals based on the Fieller’s and penalized Fieller’s methods, respectively. Further, we consider the constraint condition of γ∈[0, 2] and propose the Bayesian methods to obtain the point estimates and the credible intervals of γ, where a truncated normal prior and a uniform prior are respectively used (denoted as GBN and GBU). The simulation results show that the Bayesian methods can avoid the extreme point estimates (0 or 2), the empty sets, the noninformative intervals ([0, 2]) and the discontinuous intervals to occur. GBN performs best in both the point estimation and the interval estimation. Finally, we apply the proposed methods to the Minnesota Center for Twin and Family Research data for their practical use. In summary, in practical applications, we recommend using GBN to estimate γ of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Kai Li
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (M.-K.L.); (Y.-X.Y.); (B.Z.); (K.-W.W.)
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yu-Xin Yuan
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (M.-K.L.); (Y.-X.Y.); (B.Z.); (K.-W.W.)
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Zhu
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (M.-K.L.); (Y.-X.Y.); (B.Z.); (K.-W.W.)
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Kai-Wen Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (M.-K.L.); (Y.-X.Y.); (B.Z.); (K.-W.W.)
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wing Kam Fung
- Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China;
| | - Ji-Yuan Zhou
- Department of Biostatistics, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Ministry of Education, and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China; (M.-K.L.); (Y.-X.Y.); (B.Z.); (K.-W.W.)
- Guangdong-Hong Hong-Macao Joint Laboratory for Contaminants Exposure and Health, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Correspondence:
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Preferential X Chromosome Inactivation as a Mechanism to Explain Female Preponderance in Myasthenia Gravis. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13040696. [PMID: 35456502 PMCID: PMC9031138 DOI: 10.3390/genes13040696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neuromuscular autoimmune disease characterized by prevalence in young women (3:1). Several mechanisms proposed as explanations for gender bias, including skewed X chromosome inactivation (XCI) and dosage or sex hormones, are often involved in the development of autoimmunity. The skewed XCI pattern can lead to an unbalanced expression of some X-linked genes, as observed in several autoimmune disorders characterized by female predominance. No data are yet available regarding XCI and MG. We hypothesize that the preferential XCI pattern may contribute to the female bias observed in the onset of MG, especially among younger women. XCI analysis was performed on blood samples of 284 women between the ages of 20 and 82. XCI was tested using the Human Androgen Receptor Assay (HUMARA). XCI patterns were classified as random (XCI < 75%) and preferential (XCI ≥ 75%). In 121 informative patients, the frequency of skewed XCI patterns was 47%, significantly higher than in healthy controls (17%; p ≤ 0.00001). Interestingly, the phenomenon was observed mainly in younger patients (<45 years; p ≤ 0.00001). Furthermore, considering the XCI pattern and the other clinical characteristics of patients, no significant differences were found. In conclusion, we observed preferential XCI in MG female patients, suggesting its potential role in the aetiology of MG, as observed in other autoimmune diseases in women.
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Zhang Y, Li X, Gibson A, Edberg J, Kimberly RP, Absher DM. Skewed allelic expression on X chromosome associated with aberrant expression of XIST on systemic lupus erythematosus lymphocytes. Hum Mol Genet 2021; 29:2523-2534. [PMID: 32628254 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddaa131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A common feature of autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is an increased prevalence in women. However, the molecular basis for sex disparity in SLE remains poorly understood. To examine the role of X-linked transcription in SLE adaptive immune cells, we performed RNA-seq in T cell and B cell subsets from either healthy donors or patients with SLE. Analyses of allelic expression (AE) profiles identified a pattern of increased allelic imbalance across the entire X chromosome in SLE lymphocytes. X-linked genes exhibiting AE in SLE had an extensive overlap with genes known to escape X chromosome inactivation (XCI). XIST RNA was overexpressed in SLE patients. Differential XIST expression correlated with AE profiles more positively at X-linked genes than the genome-wide background. Analysis of three independent RNA-seq data verified the XIST-associated skewed AE on X chromosome in SLE. Integrative analyses of DNA methylation profiles showed an increased variability of DNA methylation levels at these AE-related X-linked genes. In cultured lymphoblastic cells, knockdown of XIST specifically altered allelic imbalance patterns between X chromosomes. Our study provides genetic evidence that upregulation of XIST accompanied with more skewed allelic expression on X chromosome is associated with the pathogenesis of SLE and may provide mechanistic insights into the increased incidence of SLE in females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Zhang
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
| | - Xinrui Li
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Andrew Gibson
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Jeffrey Edberg
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Robert P Kimberly
- Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Devin M Absher
- HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL 35806, USA
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Sharma A, Liu H, Herwig-Carl MC, Chand Dakal T, Schmidt-Wolf IGH. Epigenetic Regulatory Enzymes: mutation Prevalence and Coexistence in Cancers. Cancer Invest 2021; 39:257-273. [PMID: 33411587 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2021.1872593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation is an important layer of transcriptional control with the particularity to affect the broad spectrum of genome. Over the years, largely due to the substantial number of recurrent mutations, there have been hundreds of novel driver genes characterized in various cancers. Additionally, the relative contribution of two dysregulated epigenomic entities (DNA methylation and histone modifications) that gradually drive the cancer phenotype remains in the research focus. However, a complex scenario arises when the disease phenotype does not harbor any relevant mutation or an abnormal transcription level. Although the cancer landscape involves the contribution of multiple genetic and non-genetic factors, herein, we discuss specifically the mutation spectrum of epigenetically-related enzymes in cancer. In addition, we address the coexistence of these two epigenetic entities in malignant human diseases, especially cancer. We suggest that the study of epigenetically-related somatic mutations in the early cellular differentiation stage of embryonic development might help to understand their later-staged footprints in the cancer genome. Furthermore, understanding the co-occurrence and/or inverse association of different disease types and redefining the general definition of "healthy" controls could provide insights into the genome reorganization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Sharma
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Neurology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Hongde Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science & Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Tikam Chand Dakal
- Department of Biotechnology, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ingo G H Schmidt-Wolf
- Department of Integrated Oncology, CIO Bonn, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Li Y, Sun Y, Yang Q, Wu J, Xiong Z, Li S, Jin T. Variants in COL6A3 gene influence susceptibility to esophageal cancer in the Chinese population. Cancer Genet 2019; 238:23-30. [PMID: 31425922 DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2019.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Esophageal cancer (EC) is a frequent malignant tumor in our world, and has a highly morbidity and mortality. It was reported that genetic factors play vital roles in its pathogenesis. Here, we performed a case - control study to evaluate the COL6A3 genetic variants and EC risk in a Chinese Han cohort. All subjects were genotyped with the Agena MassARRAY platform. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by logistic regression after adjusting age and gender. We found that rs6720283 (G > A) allele had significantly enhanced EC risk (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.11 alculate p = 0.002). Stratified analysis was performed by gender, age, alcohol drinking, BMI, TNM stage and lymph node metastasis, the results showed that rs7436, rs115510139 and rs6720283 were significantly associated with the risk of EC in different groups (all p < 0.05). Besides, no statistical significant was found between the COL6A3 gene polymorphisms and clinicopathological parameters such as TNM stage and lymph node metastasis among EC patients (p > 0.05). In conclusions, our study found that COL6A3 variants were associated with risk of EC in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710068, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Qinshuai Yang
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Jiamin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Zichao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Shanqu Li
- Out-patient Department of Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University (The Fourth Military Medical University), Xi'an, Shaanxi 710038, China.
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China; Key Laboratory for Basic Life Science Research of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, Shaanxi 712082, China.
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Wang T, Feng Y, Zhao Z, Wang H, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Liu H, Jin T, Liu Q. IL1RN Polymorphisms Are Associated with a Decreased Risk of Esophageal Cancer Susceptibility in a Chinese Population. Chemotherapy 2019; 64:28-35. [PMID: 30995661 DOI: 10.1159/000496400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent evidence suggested that IL1RN (interleukin-1 receptor antagonist) polymorphisms increased the susceptibility to cancers. The present study aimed to evaluate whether IL1RN was related to esophageal cancer susceptibility in a Northwest Han Chinese population. METHODS The case-control study was conducted on 384 esophageal cancer patients and 499 healthy controls. We successfully genotyped four SNPs distributed in IL1RN. The Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database was used to observe the expression of IL1RN in esophageal cancer tissues and normal tissues. RegulomeDB and HaploReg v4.1 were used to calculate possible functional effects of the polymorphisms. We also used genetic models to detect any potential association between IL1RN variants and esophageal cancer risk. RESULTS In our study, rs3181052 was associated with a reduced risk of esophageal cancer in the codominant (odds ratio [OR] = 0.70, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.52-0.93, p = 0.040), the dominant (OR = 0.75, 95% CI 0.57-0.99, p = 0.041), and the overdominant (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.54-0.93, p = 0.012) model. The rs452204 was associated with a 0.76-fold (OR = 0.76, 95% CI 0.58-0.99; p = 0.043) decreased esophageal cancer risk under the overdominant model without adjustment. We also found that rs3181052 had a negative effect on esophageal cancer under the overdominant model (OR = 0.72, 95% CI 0.53-0.97, p = 0.033) adjusted for age and gender. In stratified analyses by age >55 years, rs3181052 reduced the risk of esophageal cancer in the dominant and overdominant models. In addition, rs315919 had a remarkable influence on esophageal cancer risk in females, while the association was not significant between rs3181052 and esophageal cancer risk in males. CONCLUSIONS Our study provided the first evidence that IL1RN rs3181052, rs452204, and rs315919 are correlated with a decreased risk of esophageal cancer in a Northwest Han Chinese population. These findings may be useful for the development of early prognostics for esophageal cancer. However, further larger studies on different ethnic populations are warranted to verify these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianchang Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Feng
- Internal Medicine Department, Affiliated Dalian Friendship Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Henan Provincial Cancer Hospital, Henan, China
| | - Yanbing Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yongtong Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Huijuan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China (Northwest University), Ministry of Education, Xi'an, China
| | - Qiufang Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Shaanxi Provincial Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Medical College, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China,
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Li W, Zhang L, Guo B, Deng J, Wu S, Li F, Wang Y, Lu J, Zhou Y. Exosomal FMR1-AS1 facilitates maintaining cancer stem-like cell dynamic equilibrium via TLR7/NFκB/c-Myc signaling in female esophageal carcinoma. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:22. [PMID: 30736860 PMCID: PMC6367809 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-0949-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Though esophageal cancer is three to four times more common among males than females worldwide, this type of cancer still ranks in the top incidence among women, even more than the female specific cancer types. The occurrence is currently attributed to extrinsic factors, including tobacco use and alcohol consumption. However, limited attention has been given to gender-specific intrinsic genetic factors, especially in female. Methods We re-annotated a large cohort of microarrays on 179 ESCC patients and identified female-specific differently expressed lncRNAs. The associations between FMR1-AS1 and the risk and prognosis of ESCC were examined in 206 diagnosed patients from eastern China and validated in 188 additional patients from southern China. The effects of FMR1-AS1 on the malignant phenotypes on female ESCC cells were detected in vitro and in vivo. ChIRP-MS, reporter gene assays and EMSA were conducted to identify the interaction and regulation among FMR1-AS1, TLR7 and NFκB. Results We found FMR1-AS1 expression is exclusively altered and closely associated with the level of sXCI in female ESCC patients, and its overexpression may correlate to poor clinical outcome. ChIRP-MS data indicate that FMR1-AS1 could be packaged into exosomes and released into tumor microenvironment. Functional studies demonstrated that FMR1-AS1 could bind to endosomal toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) and activate downstream TLR7-NFκB signaling, promoting the c-Myc expression, thus inducing ESCC cell proliferation, anti-apoptosis and invasion ability. Exosome incubation and co-xenograft assay indicate that FMR1-AS1 exosomes may secreted from ESCC CSCs, transferring stemness phenotypes to recipient non-CSCs in tumor microenvironment. Furthermore, we also found a correlation between the serum levels of FMR1-AS1 and the overall survival (OS) of the female ESCC patients. Conclusions Our results highlighted exosomal FMR1-AS1 in maintaining CSC dynamic interconversion state through the mechanism of activating TLR7-NFκB signaling, upregulating c-Myc level in recipient cells, which may be taken as an attractive target approach for advancing current precision cancer therapeutics in female patients. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-019-0949-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Liyuan Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy & Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, San Xiang Road No. 1055, Suzhou, 215004, China
| | - Binbin Guo
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jieqiong Deng
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Siqi Wu
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Yirong Wang
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jiachun Lu
- The Institute for Chemical Carcinogenesis, The State Key Lab of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510182, China
| | - Yifeng Zhou
- Department of Genetics, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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10
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The dynamic changes of X chromosome inactivation during early culture of human embryonic stem cells. Stem Cell Res 2016; 17:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2016.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wu C, Sun Z. X chromosome abnormal inactivation: a unique factor for women's diseases? Epigenomics 2016; 8:447-50. [DOI: 10.2217/epi.16.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Cuijiao Wu
- Department of Histology & Embryology, Qingdao University Medical School, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Zhifu Sun
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Vacca M, Della Ragione F, Scalabrì F, D'Esposito M. X inactivation and reactivation in X-linked diseases. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 56:78-87. [PMID: 26994527 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Revised: 03/10/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the phenomenon by which mammals compensate for dosage of X-linked genes in females (XX) versus males (XY). XCI patterns can be random or show extreme skewing, and can modify the mode of inheritance of X-driven phenotypes, which contributes to the variability of human pathologies. Recent findings have shown reversibility of the XCI process, which has opened new avenues in the approaches used for the treatment of X-linked diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcella Vacca
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Floriana Della Ragione
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio D'Esposito
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics "A. Buzzati Traverso", CNR, via Pietro Castellino, 111, 80131, Naples, Italy; IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, Isernia, Italy
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Chen G, Cai X, Ren JG, Jia J, Zhao YF. Unexpected development of tongue squamous cell carcinoma after sclerotherapy for the venous malformation: a unique case report and literature review. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:182. [PMID: 24188408 PMCID: PMC3933414 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2013] [Accepted: 10/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sclerotherapy is a common and effective treatment for venous diseases, including venous malformations (VMs), which are common vascular anomalies in the oral and maxillofacial regions. However, the safety of sclerotherapy has not been fully elucidated. Occasionally, patients who underwent sclerotherapy may present diverse but minor side effects such as erythema, swelling, pain, tenderness, hyperpigmentation, skin ulceration and necrosis. CASE PRESENTATION Here we report a unique case of a 65-year-old female patient presented with an original VM lesion on the right side of the tongue. Intralesional sclerotherapy and followed surgical resection resulted in major remission of the original lesion, without recurrence during a 3-year follow-up. However, two years later, the patient was again referred to us for a painful mass on the right side of the tongue that gradually enlarged for 1 month. The mass was biopsied under local anesthesia after complete systematic examination, and the result indicated a well-differentiated squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Then, the patient underwent right neck dissection, extensive resection of the SCC, reconstruction of the defect with forearm flap, microvascular anastomosis, and repair of the forearm defect with free abdomen skin graft. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to document the development of oral SCC after sclerotherapy for VM, underscoring the need for long-term follow-up. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slides for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1897394831087742.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xu Cai
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jian-Gang Ren
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jun Jia
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi-Fang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Li G, Zhang Z, Jin T, Liang H, Tu Y, Gong L, Chen Z, Gao G. High frequency of the X-chromosome inactivation in young female patients with high-grade glioma. Diagn Pathol 2013; 8:101. [PMID: 23782947 PMCID: PMC3744161 DOI: 10.1186/1746-1596-8-101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 06/09/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gliomas are common tumors and high-grade ones account for 62% of primary malignant brain tumors. Though current evidence have suggested that inherited risks play a role in glioma susceptibility, it was conveyed that glioma was such a complex disease, and the direct genetic contribution to glioma risk factors and its relation to other factors should be discussed more deeply. X-chromosome inactivation (XCI) is the mechanism by which gene dosage equivalence is achieved between female mammals with two X chromosomes and male mammals with a single X chromosome. As skewed XCI has been linked to development of some solid tumors, including ovarian, breast, and pulmonary and esophageal carcinomas, it is challenging to elucidate the relation of skewed XCI to high-grade gliomas development. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to determine the general concordance between XCI pattern in blood cells and brain tissues, and SXCI frequencies in female patients with high-grade glioma compared to healthy controls. METHODS 1,103 Chinese females without a detectable tumor and 173 female high-grade glioma patients, were detected in the study. Normal brain tissues surrounding the lesions in gliomas were obtained from 49 patients among the 173 ones, with the microdissection using a laser microdissection microscope Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells and the normal brain tissues from the subjects. Exon 1 of androgen receptor (AR) gene was amplified, and its products of different alleles were resolved on denaturing polyacrylamide gels and visualized after silver staining. The corrected ratios (CR) of the products before and after HpaII digestion were calculated. RESULTS Occurrence of SXCI was detected in both the patients and controls at similar frequencies. However, the phenomenon, as defined as CR ≥ 3, was more frequent in the patients aging ≤ 40 (23.6%) compared to the corresponding reference group (5.1%, P <0.0001). When CR ≥ 10 was adopted, the frequencies were 5.5% and 1.6%, respectively. Their difference did not attain statistical significance (P=0.10). When detected, both blood cells and brain tissue were compared after determination of a high concordance of XCI between blood cells and brain tissue collected from the same individuals (n=48, r =0.57, P <0.01). CONCLUSIONS The data from the current study demonstrated that SXCI may be a predisposing factor for development of high-grade glioma in young female patients and further study will verify its suitability as a biomarker to assess susceptibility of young female patients to high-grade glioma. VIRTUAL SLIDES The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here: http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/1935066233982578.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu hospital, the Fourth Military Medical University, 710038 Xi'an, China. che
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