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Khadim S, Malik K, Kazmi A, Sultana T, Ali A, Mehmood K, Hassan RU, Bashir MN, Ali MM. Folklore use of medicinal plants for the treatment of gynecological diseases in Pakistan-a review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34869. [PMID: 39144941 PMCID: PMC11320484 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Gynecological issues and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose significant challenges to women's health, particularly in developing nations. These challenges are exacerbated by limited access to modern reproductive healthcare facilities, economic constraints, and entrenched cultural norms. Consequently, most of the Pakistani population relies on traditional ethno-medicinal healthcare systems. This preference stems from the ease of access, affordability, widespread availability, and inherent trust placed in these alternative healthcare methods. Aim/objective The inquiry aimed to report details on the application of conventional uses of plants in the health field in rural areas that could contribute to advancing the natural discovery of drugs. The objective of this analysis is to provide researchers with information on conventional and empirical knowledge of plant species concerning women's diseases. Methodology Information on the common use of medicinal plants in treating women's diseases was gathered from electronic databases. As a keyword for the quest, ethnobotany, and ethnopharmacology were used together with gynecological complications. Result The work of the current analysis has revealed that 217 plant species belonging to 89 families have been used in Pakistan's rural communities. The majority of plant species belong to the Apiaceae family, followed by the Asteraceae, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Rosaceae, Lamiaceae, and other families. The biological interpretation of plants used in rural communities of Pakistan revealed that herbs and trees are the dominant forms with 58 % and 23 % respectively while shrubs and sub-shrubs with a low percentage of 17 % and 2 %. In natural preparation, leaves 29 %, flowers 22 %, seeds 14 %, fruits 14 %, roots 13 %, bark 7 %, and stems 5 % were the most used parts respectively and aerial parts, dried pericarp, bulb, bud, berry, latex, wood, rhizome, husk, fruit coat, oil, resins, twigs, and shoot were also used in minimum percentage. A multitude of plant species have found extensive application in the management of diverse women's health issues. These encompass concerns such as fatigue, mood fluctuations attributed to menstrual problems, gonorrhea, complications related to pregnancy, cravings for specific foods, throbbing breast pain, abdominal and pelvic cramps, excessive vaginal discharge, mastitis, irritability, abortion-related matters, headaches, uterine hemorrhage, Menorrhagia, Amenorrhea, Menopause, Vomiting Abortion, infertility and lactation challenges, as well as the regulation of lochia flow. Conclusion This review provides remarkable information about the use of medicinal plants against women's diseases in the rural communities of Pakistan. It opens the gateway for the discovery of natural drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salihah Khadim
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khafsa Malik
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Abeer Kazmi
- The State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Aquatic Biodiversity and Conservation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Tahira Sultana
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Amir Ali
- Department of Botany, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Department of Biology, PMAS, Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Ul Hassan
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Gachon University (13120) 1342 Seongnamdaero, Sujeong-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Nasir Bashir
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - M. Mahmood Ali
- Department of Mechatronic Engineering, Atlantic Technological University Sligo, Ash Lane, F91 YW50 Sligo, Ireland
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Anwar F, Mahrye, Khan R, Qadir R, Saadi S, Gruczynska-Sekowska E, Saari N, Hossain Brishti F. Exploring the Biochemical and Nutra-Pharmaceutical Prospects of Some Thymus Species - A Review. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400500. [PMID: 38719739 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The Thymus genus includes various medicinal and aromatic species, cultivated worldwide for their unique medicinal and economic value. Besides, their conventional use as a culinary flavoring agent, Thymus species are well-known for their diverse biological effects, such as antioxidant, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-hypertensive properties. Hence, they are used in the treatment of fever, colds, and digestive and cardiovascular diseases. The pharmaceutical significance of Thymus plants is due to their high levels of bioactive components such as natural terpenoid phenol derivatives (p-cymene, carvacrol, thymol, geraniol), flavonoids, alkaloids, and phenolic acids. This review examines the phytochemicals, biological properties, functional food, and nutraceutical attributes of some important Thymus species, with a specific focus on their potential uses in the nutra-pharmaceutical industries. Furthermore, the review provides an insight into the mechanisms of biological activities of key phytochemicals of Thymus species exploring their potential for the development of novel natural drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farooq Anwar
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Mahrye
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan
| | - Rahim Khan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rahman Qadir
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Sami Saadi
- Institute de la Nutrition, de l'Alimentation et des Technologies Agroalimetaires INATAA, Universitédes Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route de Ain El Bey-Constantine, Algeria
- Laboratoire de Génie Agro-Alimentaire (GeniAAl), INATAA, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1 UFC1, Route de Ain, El Bey-Constantine, Algeria
| | - Eliza Gruczynska-Sekowska
- Institute of Food Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159 C, PL-02-776, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Nazamid Saari
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Fatema Hossain Brishti
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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Papež Kristanc A, Kreft S, Strgulc Krajšek S, Kristanc L. Traditional Use of Wild Edible Plants in Slovenia: A Field Study and an Ethnobotanical Literature Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:621. [PMID: 38475472 DOI: 10.3390/plants13050621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
No comprehensive research has been conducted on the traditional use of wild-grown edible plants in human nutrition for the Slovene ethnic area so far. In the literature on edible wild plants, authors often draw information about their use from foreign or international sources, such as books and databases, from which it is often unclear what people in different countries really include into their diet. Therefore, our purpose was to determine which edible wild-growing plant species have been used in Slovenia on a traditional basis. In our research, we gathered data using different methods. The data obtained from the literature review, i.e., the ethnobotanical literature and traditional cookbooks, were combined with those derived from the online sources and a field survey. This enabled us to create a database of 219 plant taxa encompassing more than 500 species from 62 families that are traditionally used in Slovenia. The most frequently represented families were Asteraceae, with 28 taxa, Rosaceae, with 22 taxa, Lamiaceae, with 18 taxa, Brassicaceae, with 17 taxa, Apiaceae, with 16 taxa, and Amaranthaceae, with 10 taxa. Plants are most often boiled, blanched, stewed or roasted, sometimes also baked in an oven or raw with additives, such as sour cream, sugar, salt or vinegar, but seldom fried. Selected traditional cookbooks and ethnological books provided good insight into the past use of wild plants, while an online and field survey enabled a comparison of their past and current state of use. The survey has shown that some very old wild plant recipes are still used within certain local communities, while younger people, influenced by new books about wild cuisine, are constantly introducing new plant species and recipes into their diet thereby establishing new traditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Samo Kreft
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Tržaška cesta 32, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Simona Strgulc Krajšek
- Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Večna pot 111, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Luka Kristanc
- Wild Garden Institute, Zoisova 17, 4000 Kranj, Slovenia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Novo mesto, Na Loko 2, 8000 Novo mesto, Slovenia
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Hankiso M, Asfaw Z, Warkineh B, Abebe A, Sisay B, Debella A. Ethnoveterinary medicinal plants and their utilization by the people of Soro District, Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2024; 20:21. [PMID: 38389077 PMCID: PMC10885532 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-024-00651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnoveterinary studies are important to maintain the sustainability of livestock health and support people's livelihoods through the provision of food, maintaining livestock health, and other biological resources. This study was carried out in Soro District, southern Ethiopia, to identify, document and analyse plant species with ethnoveterinary uses along with the associated indigenous and local knowledge. MATERIALS AND METHODS Informants were selected using purposive (key informants) and systematic random sampling (general informants) methods. Data on ethnoveterinary plants and their uses were collected through semi-structured interviews, guided field walks, 13 focus group discussions with five to seven members in each and participant observation. Informant consensus factor and fidelity level were computed to identify the most common livestock ailment categories and the best plant species with ethnoveterinary use, respectively. Preference ranking methods were used to identify the potentially effective ethnoveterinary medicinal plants for the most frequently reported livestock ailments. The use diversity of multipurpose plants with ethnoveterinary importance was analysed using the analytical methods of ethnobotany including priority ranking, comparisons and important indices. The T-test statistic was used to compare knowledge differences among different social groups. RESULTS A total of 132 plant species in 120 genera and 61 families were reported by informants as having ethnoveterinary uses. The plants are said to be used by the local communities in various ways to treat 50 livestock health problems. Higher number of informants (23.77%) cited Momordica foetida for the treatment of 16 livestock ailments. The highest informant consensus value for this species is associated with its use for treating blackleg in cattle; Nicotiana tabacum was cited for the treatment of 15 livestock ailments mainly recommended for the Lumpy Skin Disease/Ailment of bovines; Croton macrostachyus for treatment of 13 livestock ailments including wooden tongue, FMD in bovines; and Gymnanthemum amygdalinum for nine ailments mainly diarrhoea of all livestock types. Achyranthes aspera is claimed to provide the most effective treatment for Aspiration pneumonia (severe coughing in bovines, sheep and goats) alone, while Croton macrostachyus, Ximenia americana, Allium sativum and Juniperus procera were indicated as potential plant species to treat Lumpy Skin Disease in bovines in the order given. The fidelity level analysis showed that Datura stramonium, Dodonaea viscosa subsp. angustifolia and Asparagus africanus were potential medicinal plant species to treat the respective ailments of rabies, Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) and evil eye/spirit. Multipurpose plant species including Prunus africanus, Combretum molle and Afrocarpus falcatus have been highly threatened as indicated by direct matrix ranking mainly due to collection of fuel wood, construction materials and making household utensils, and farm implements rather than for other uses. CONCLUSION Soro District has rich and diversified livestock herbal medicinal resources, and indigenous knowledge of remedy preparations and applications is transmitted through generation lines. This resource faces anthropogenic threats with deforestation being the leading factor. Consequently, ethnoveterinary medicinal plants continue to decline before adequate and proper scientific documentation and testing are made. There is a dire need for planning and implementation of appropriate in situ and ex situ conservation strategies and to strive towards ensuring the survival and sustainable utilization of such important plant resources of Soro District. This must be supported by further documentation of the associated indigenous knowledge and pharmacological testing of the key promising species including Balanites aegyptiaca (novel species/NS to treat specific ailment), Brugmansia suaveolens (novel species/NS reported first to treat Livestock ailments/LsAs), Euclea divinorum (NS to treat specific ailments), Grevillea robusta (NS), Hagenia abyssinica (NS for the reported specific ailment), Pentanema confertiflorum (NS), Juniperus procera (NS), Maesa lanceolata (NS), Millettia ferruginea (NS for reported specific ailments), Schrebera alata/NS, Securidaca longepedunculata, Spiniluma oxyacantha/NS, Vepris nobilis (novel species reported first to treat LsAs), Zanthoxylum asiaticum /NS and Ximenia americana (NS for specific ailments). This ethnoveterinary study attempted to fill part of the gaps concerning the prevalent livestock health problems and the associated indigenous and local knowledge in the area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulatu Hankiso
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Biology Department of Natural Science, Hossana College of Education, P.O. Box 94, Hossana, Ethiopia.
| | - Zemede Asfaw
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bikila Warkineh
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Abiy Abebe
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242/5654, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Bihonegn Sisay
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242/5654, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Asfaw Debella
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242/5654, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Qari SH, Alqethami A, Qumsani AT. Ethnomedicinal evaluation of medicinal plants used for therapies by men and women in rural and urban communities in Makkah district. Saudi Pharm J 2024; 32:101881. [PMID: 38130903 PMCID: PMC10733703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, differences in ethnobotanical knowledge of medicinal plants between men and women, as well as tribal and urban populations in the Makkah district, are investigated. The current research aims to provide responses to the following questions: (1) According to tribal and urban cultures, which medicinal plants are used by Saudis in Makkah? (2) In view of demographic differences, how much do male and female use medicinal plants? (3) Are the plants utilized by male and female considerably various? And, (4), how do men and women learn about therapeutic plants? Methods: Ethnomedicinal study was carried out in Makkah and its adjacent villages from September 2022 to January 2023. To document local medicinal plants, individuals used free-listing, semi-structured interviews, and an online survey form. In all, 59 male and 62 female were questioned face-to-face, and 239 participants completed the questionnaire, with 110 men and 129 women responding. Results: A total of 92 local folks for medicinal plants have been recorded, covering 88 different plant species belong to 36 families. Men cited 69 plants (34 families), whereas women referenced 64. (33 plant families). Males and females know in comparable ways, although they employ different medicinal herbs to remedy a variety of diseases. Conclusions: The use of medicinal plants by Saudis in Makkah is dependent on gendered social roles and experiences, as well as population structure. Education and urbanization exert a greater impact on the preference for biomedical or traditional medicinal usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sameer H. Qari
- Department of Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan Alqethami
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaa T. Qumsani
- Department of Biology, Genetics and Molecular Biology Central Laboratory, Aljumum University College, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Onyancha JM, Moriasi GA, Mandela EN. Nutrient, non-nutrient, antioxidant activity, and Fourier Transform Infrared analysis of Kenyan indigenous edible leafy vegetables from Launaea cornuta (Hochst Ex Oliv and Hiern). Afr Health Sci 2023; 23:524-536. [PMID: 38974288 PMCID: PMC11225461 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v23i4.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Launaea cornuta is a vegetable with therapeutic advantage for human diseases. Objective Evaluate nutritive and non-nutritive components, antioxidant activity, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy profile of L. cornuta leaves. Methods Proximate, nutri, non-nutrient, percentage phenolic, flavonoid, alkaloid, and saponin contents were investigated using standard procedures. Total phenolic and flavonoids of the extracts were determined spectroscopically. Antioxidant activity and functional groups in the extracts were characterised by 2.2- diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl radical and FTIR spectroscopy, respectively. Results Carbohydrates were the most abundant (57.61±0.61 %), and crude lipids were the least abundant (4.26±0.20 %) in L. cornuta. Essential amino acids were present in varying concentrations, and histidine was the most abundant (251.20±2.00 mg/100 g dw). Calcium was the most abundant mineral element (820.49±1.05 µg/g dw). High concentrations of phenols (13.07±0.60 %) and low amounts of saponins (2.19±0.10 %) were recorded. Methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts revealed total phenols of 83.10±4.32 and 57.77 ±1.65 mgGAE/g dw, respectively, while total flavonoids were 8.00±0.01 and 7.99±0.03 mgCE/g of dry weight, respectively. Aqueous extract had significant DPPH radical scavenging efficacy (IC50 =72.96± 0.32 µg/ml) compared to 681.57± 2.21 jg/ml for methanol extract. Conclusions L. cornuta contain phytochemicals with health benefits for averting oxidative stress related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jared Misonge Onyancha
- School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacognosy, Mount Kenya University, PO Box 01000-342, Thika, Kenya
| | - Gervason Apiri Moriasi
- School of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Mount Kenya University, PO Box 01000-342, Thika, Kenya
| | - Elias Nelson Mandela
- School of Pure and Applied Sciences, Department of Biological Sciences, Mount Kenya University, PO Box 01000-342, Thika, Kenya
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Tamene S, Negash M, Makonda FB, Chiwona-Karltun L, Kibret KS. Ethnobotanical study on medicinal plant knowledge among three ethnic groups in peri-urban areas of south-central Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:55. [PMID: 37996915 PMCID: PMC10668360 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00629-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Documenting traditional knowledge on plant use among ethnic groups has enabled researchers to obtain a better understanding of how indigenous flora is seen and used in daily life. Their therapeutic applications will also encourage future conservation and phytochemical research, potentially leading to the development of novel drugs. However, past ethnobotanical studies conducted in Ethiopia mainly focused on rural areas, and limited coverage to document the ethnobotanical knowledge at the rural‒urban interface. Therefore, this study was conducted to document and analyze traditional ethnobotanical knowledge on medicinal plants among three selected ethnic groups in peri-urban areas of south-central Ethiopia. In addition, we attempted to investigate the range of cultural similarity and disparity between the studied ethnic groups in relation to traditional medicinal plants and diseases treated. METHODS Data were collected using semistructured questionnaires and in-depth interviews of 189 key informants, floristic species inventories, and field observations. Several cultural importance indices and Rahman's similarity indices were applied to analyze the relevance of medicinal plants and cultural similarity among the ethnic groups. RESULTS A total of 189 therapeutic plants representing 159 genera and 69 families were identified and documented across the three studied ethnic groups. Of these, the Sidama, Gedeo, and Oromo ethnic groups reported 28, 34, and 38%, respectively. Most medicinal plants were represented by herbs (36%), followed by shrubs (31%), trees (27%), and herbaceous climbers (7%). Rahman's similarity index (RSI) revealed considerable ethnobotanical knowledge variation among ethnic groups. Oromo and Sidama showed the highest disparity (63.8%), followed by Gedeo and Oromo (63.2%). Of the total collected therapeutic plants, 78 most important medicinal plants were selected for the cultural importance analysis, which revealed that Croton macrostachyus Hochst. ex Delile scored the highest point in the Gedeo and Oromo ethnic groups and Zingiber officinale Roscoe in the Sidama ethnic group. Whereas Cinnamomum verum J.Presl, Psidium guajava L., and Melia azedarach L. are the least. CONCLUSION The present study revealed the presence of cultural differences in medicinal plant knowledge practices and therapeutic plant use among the studied ethnic groups in rural-urban interface areas of south-central Ethiopia. The diverse healing potential of plants would support future pharmacological investigations, emphasizing the need for adequate documentation of indigenous knowledge and versatile flora to prevent their further loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sintayehu Tamene
- Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia.
| | - Mesele Negash
- Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
| | | | - Linley Chiwona-Karltun
- Department of Urban and Rural Development, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kefyalew Sahle Kibret
- Wondo Genet College of Forestry and Natural Resources, Hawassa University, PO Box 05, Hawassa, Ethiopia
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Hankiso M, Warkineh B, Asfaw Z, Debella A. Ethnobotany of wild edible plants in Soro District of Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2023; 19:21. [PMID: 37269005 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-023-00588-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite their paramount importance all over the globe in supporting food security, information about wild edible plants is generally patchy. In this study, we investigated the wild edible plants used by the local people in the Soro District of Hadiya Zone, southern Ethiopia. The main purpose of the study was to document and analyze the indigenous and local knowledge of the people on their abundance, diversity, use and management. METHODS AND MATERIALS Purposive sampling and systematic random sampling were used to identify informants who can give information about the wild edible plants of the area. Data were collected by interviewing 26 purposively sampled key informants and 128 systematically randomly sampled general informants using semi-structured interviews. Guided observations and 13 focus group discussions (FGDs) consisting of 5-12 participants/discussants at each FGD session were also undertaken. Statistical analyses (mainly descriptive statistics approaches) and common analytical tools of ethnobotany including informant consensus, informant consensus factor, preference ranking, direct matrix ranking, paired comparison and index of fidelity level were applied to the data sets. RESULTS A total of 64 wild edible plant species belonging to 52 genera and 39 families were recorded. All of these species are indigenous, 16 are new additions to the database and seven of them, including Urtica simensis and Thymus schimperi, are endemic to Ethiopia. In about 82.81% of the species, the edible plant part is also used in the Ethiopian traditional herbal medicine. It is striking to see that almost all wild edible plants recorded from the study area are nutraceutical plant species, serving multiple roles as food and therapeutic sources for the local people. We recorded five growth habits of 34.38% trees, 32.81% herbs, 25% shrubs, 6.25% climbers, and 1.56% liana. We found the Flacourtiaceae, Solanaceae, and Moraceae to be families that represented more species (4 each), followed by Acanthaceae, Apocynaceae, Amaranthaceae, and Asteraceae, which accounted for 3 species each. Fruits (53.13%) and leaves (31.25%) were consumed in more proportions than other edible parts (15.63%); mostly the ripe, raw fruit is eaten upon simple processing, followed by leaves eaten after boiling, roasting and cooking. CONCLUSION The frequency and intensity of consumption of these plants varied significantly (P < 0.05) with gender differences, key and general informants, and people's religious backgrounds. We postulate that priority setting for in situ and ex situ conservation of multipurpose wild edible plants in human-inhabited landscapes is essential to warrant sustainable use and conservation of the species as well as the use of new modes of application and valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulatu Hankiso
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
- Biology Department, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Hossana College of Education, P.O. Box 94, Hossana, Ethiopia.
| | - Bikila Warkineh
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zemede Asfaw
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Asfaw Debella
- Ethiopian Public Health Institute, P.O. Box 1242/5654, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Nguyen HT, Do VM, Phan TT, Nguyen Huynh DT. The Potential of Ameliorating COVID-19 and Sequelae From Andrographis paniculata via Bioinformatics. Bioinform Biol Insights 2023; 17:11779322221149622. [PMID: 36654765 PMCID: PMC9841859 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221149622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The current coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak is alarmingly escalating and raises challenges in finding efficient compounds for treatment. Repurposing phytochemicals in herbs is an ideal and economical approach for screening potential herbal components against COVID-19. Andrographis paniculata, also known as Chuan Xin Lian, has traditionally been used as an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial herb for centuries and has recently been classified as a promising herbal remedy for adjuvant therapy in treating respiratory diseases. This study aimed to screen Chuan Xin Lian's bioactive components and elicit the potential pharmacological mechanisms and plausible pathways for treating COVID-19 using network pharmacology combined with molecular docking. The results found terpenoid (andrographolide) and flavonoid (luteolin, quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin) derivatives had remarkable potential against COVID-19 and sequelae owing to their high degrees in the component-target-pathway network and strong binding capacities in docking scores. In addition, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis showed that the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway might be the most vital molecular pathway in the pathophysiology of COVID-19 and long-term sequelae whereby therapeutic strategies can intervene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Thi Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Van Mai Do
- Faculty of Traditional Medicine, Can Tho University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Can Tho, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Thuy Phan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Dung Tam Nguyen Huynh
- School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei,Dung Tam Nguyen Huynh, School of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei.
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Lu Z, Chen H, Lin C, Ou G, Li J, Xu W. Ethnobotany of medicinal plants used by the Yao people in Gongcheng County, Guangxi, China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:49. [PMID: 35729593 PMCID: PMC9210605 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00544-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gongcheng Yao Autonomous County (Gongcheng) is typical for the Yao people in northeastern Guangxi, southern China. The Yao people have a long history of using medicinal plants. In this study, we used ethnobotanical methods to collect traditional knowledge regarding herbal medicines in Gongcheng. Our study provides fundamental data for developing and applying local ethnic medicines and their protection. METHODS Ethnobotanical data were collected from 103 villages in nine townships from 2014 to 2018 in Gongcheng. A total of 352 informants (279 male and 73 female) were interviewed through semi-structured interviews, key informant interviews, and guided field walks. All the informants were local inhabitants aged between 28 and 101 years of age, of which 40 key informants were selected based on the recommendations of knowledgeable elders and local medical institutions. The informant consensus factor (ICF) was used to evaluate the degree and importance of differences in medicinal plant species and calculated the relative frequencies of citation (RFC) for the recorded medicinal plants. RESULTS Data from 352 local healers were collected for the study. The Guanyin and Sanjiang townships had the highest distribution of per capita healers (Pch), while the Gongcheng, Lianhua, and Ping'an townships were relatively lower. Of the 352 local healers, more than half were older than 60 years of age and therefore faced the problem of suitable successors and potential loss of traditional medicinal knowledge. There are 12 types of diseases treated by local healers in the study area, and most of the types had a high ICF value. The highest ICF (0.80) was reported for digestive system disease, followed by urinary system disease (0.78) and nervous system disease (0.77). Traumatic injury and orthopedics, digestive system, and rheumatic disease are the most common ailments. The RFC value calculated in 33 medicinal plant species (with an FC of more than 5) ranged from 0.024 to 0.056. The higher RFC values included Kadsura longipedunculata, Schefflera heptaphylla, Plantago asiatica, etc. The most commonly used medicinal method was decoction; plasters, creams, and some form of moxibustion and cupping skills were locally practiced, but only rarely. The local healers used 306 medicinal plant species (116 families and 255 genera). Herbal plants were most commonly used among these, with whole plants and roots being favored. CONCLUSION The Yao people are highly skilled at using medicinal plants to treat various diseases in Gongcheng. Their treatment methods are varied, convenient, and efficient. Due to the impact of urbanization and economic development, knowledge of traditional medicine is under threat, with declining numbers of local healers and a lack of suitable successors. In order to protect and inherit Yao's traditional medicinal knowledge, it is necessary to educate young healers and to protect biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaocen Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Hailing Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China
| | - Chunrui Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China.
| | - Gui Ou
- Gongcheng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guilin, 542500, China
| | - Junsheng Li
- Gongcheng Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guilin, 542500, China
| | - Weibin Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin, 541006, China.
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González-Ball R, Bermúdez-Rojas T, Romero-Vargas M, Ceuterick M. Medicinal plants cultivated in urban home gardens in Heredia, Costa Rica. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:7. [PMID: 35151356 PMCID: PMC8840630 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-022-00505-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Urban ethnobotanical research in Costa Rica is rather rare and home gardens are poorly studied so far. Investigating their biodiversity is crucial in gathering knowledge on the uses of this particular flora, especially related to the owners' health. This study therefore explores the diversity and knowledge of medicinal plants of private garden owners from three different urban neighborhoods in Heredia, Costa Rica, an thus far understudied area. METHODS Semi-structured interviews (n = 61) were conducted with garden owners in three socioeconomically different urban neighborhoods (Central Heredia, Maria Auxiliadora and Bernardo Benavides). Information was collected about medicinal plants cultivated in the garden, treatments, plant part used and mode of administration. All species were identified and their geographical origin was determined. This information was then compared with the available regional and local (ethno)pharmacopoeias to detect possible newly documented uses. RESULTS The majority or 90% of garden owners who also held knowledge on medicinal plants species were women (n = 30) of all ages (between 26 and 85 years old). A list of 27 species of medicinal plants was obtained from the participants of three urban neighborhoods. In Central Heredia, 74% (n = 20) of the total species were present, in Maria Auxiliadora 33% (n = 9) and in Bernardo Benavides 56% (n = 15). Most plant species were used by the participants to treat respiratory problems (11 spp.), hair and skin problems (9 spp.) and digestive disorders (8 spp.). Some plants were used to treat multiple ailments (10 spp.). About a third of all species (n = 8) were used by the participants to treat disorders that were not indicated in the regional and local pharmacopoeias. More specifically, Aloe saponaria, Blechum pyramidatum, Costus scaber, Impatiens walleriana, Lippia alba, Tradescantia zebrina, Psidium friedrichsthalianum and Solenostemon scutellarioides used for medicinal purposes by the participants were not found in the above-mentioned resources. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides new information about the use of medicinal plants in a thus far understudied urban area in Costa Rica. We documented new medicinal uses for several plants listed in the regional and local pharmacopoeias as well as for plants not previously reported in an urban environment. In general, there is little information about the types of plants used for medicinal purposes in urban ecosystems in Costa Rica. Although the country has a high endemic diversity of plants, many exotic medicinal plant species were introduced by the Spaniards during the colonization and by Afro-Costa Rican descendants. The present results thus show how the diversity of the medicinal plants used by these garden owners' confirms a socioeconomic gradient and reflects both Costa Rica's colonial history as well as the current epidemiological profile of the country. These findings underline the need for more ethnobotanical research in urban areas in Costa Rica.
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Prado HM, Murrieta RSS, Shepard GH, de Lima Souza T, Schlindwein MN. Sympathetic science: analogism in Brazilian ethnobiological repertoires among quilombolas of the Atlantic forest and Amazonian ribeirinhos. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2022; 18:1. [PMID: 34980177 PMCID: PMC8725308 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00499-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drawing on Phillipe Descola's comparative analysis of ontological regimes across cultures, this article identifies analogism guiding ethnobiological repertories among two distinctive traditional tropical forest communities in Brazil. METHODS We carried out participant observation, semi-structured interviews and informal dialog with 48 individuals, among quilombolas of the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil and ribeirinhos of the Amazon. RESULTS We documented 60 traditional practices governed by analogical principles, comprising hunting, ethnomedical practices, food taboos, and other interactions with non-human entities. We also identify and classify the analogical principles reported in the field data. Based on this classification, we address the phenomenological dimension of the ethnobiological repertoires and discuss the epistemological and ontological foundations of this form of reasoning. We also hypothesize on the role of analogism shaping ethnobiological repertories more generally in Brazil. CONCLUSION The heuristic model we apply-articulating phenomenology, epistemology and ontology-could prove valuable in ethnobiology and the emerging field of "anthropology beyond the human."
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Affiliation(s)
- Helbert Medeiros Prado
- Philosophy and Social Sciences Institute, Federal University of Pará, 01 Augusto Corrêa Str., Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | | | - Glenn Harvey Shepard
- Department of Anthropology, Emilio Goeldi Museum, 1901 Perimetral Av., Belém, PA, 66077830, Brazil
| | - Tamires de Lima Souza
- Center of Sciences and Technology for Sustainability, Federal University of São Carlos, João Leme Dos Santos, Highway 110km, Sorocaba, SP, 18052-780, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Nivert Schlindwein
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Federal University of São Carlos, Washington Luís Highway 235km, São Carlos, SP, 13565-905, Brazil
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Pinto-Marroquin M, Aristizabal JF, García-Del Valle Y, Ruan-Soto F, Serio-Silva JC. The Primate Cultural Significance Index: applications with Popoluca Indigenous people at Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:57. [PMID: 34627320 PMCID: PMC8502360 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00483-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of the cultural significance (CS) of biodiversity provides key information to develop conservation strategies consistent with traditions and perceptions of human communities. In Los Tuxtlas Biosphere Reserve (TBR) in Mexico, the mantled howler monkeys (Alouatta palliata mexicana) and the black-handed spider monkeys (Ateles geoffroyi vellerosus) have historically coexisted with Popoluca Indigenous Peoples. This study sought to determine how the presence of a natural protected area (TBR location) and a range of sociodemographic factors (gender, age, origin, language proficiency, education level, religion) relate to the CS held by the Popoluca Indigenous People in relation to these two endangered primate species. METHODS The first Primate Cultural Significance Index (PCSI) was designed as a composed index of 11 cultural variables (sub-indices) and was applied randomly to a representative size sample of people over 15 years old in two Popolucas communities, one within the TBR (Piedra Labrada = 81 people) and another outside (Los Mangos = 91). U Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the PCSI between communities and Generalized Linear Models (GLM) to evaluate the sociodemographic factors of participants that influenced the sub-indices in the PCSI. RESULTS The cultural significance of spider monkeys held by the Popolucas was higher for the community within the TBR than for the community outside, while for howler monkeys it was higher outside. For both primate species across the two communities, the most relevant sub-indices were (1) interest in conservation and (2) touristic significance of primates. Sociodemographic factors of participants influenced nine sub-indices of cultural significance out of the possible 10 sub-indices applied for each primate species. The demographic factors that most influenced each sub-index for both species were location and gender. CONCLUSIONS The main differences found between communities may be linked to the conservation and sustainable development programs promoted by the reserve, as well as the greater persistence of Popolucan ancestral traditions within the boundaries of the reserve. We recommend that conservation efforts should focus on people less interested about primate conservation (women, non-natives and residents outside the reserve), and turn to the leadership of people more interested (native men who reside inside the reserve).
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianna Pinto-Marroquin
- Instituto de Ecología A.C, Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, CP 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz Mexico
- Grupo de Estudios Transdisciplinarios en Primatología, Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, CP 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz Mexico
| | - John F. Aristizabal
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Av. Benjamin Franklin No. 4650, Zona Pronaf, CP. 32310 Cd. Juárez, Chihuahua Mexico
| | - Yasminda García-Del Valle
- Laboratorio-Taller de Procesos Bioculturales, Educación y Sustentabilidad. Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Poniente No. 1150. Colonia Lajas Maciel, C.P. 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas Mexico
| | - Felipe Ruan-Soto
- Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas, Libramiento Norte Poniente No. 1150. Colonia Lajas Maciel, C.P. 29039 Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Serio-Silva
- Grupo de Estudios Transdisciplinarios en Primatología, Red de Biología y Conservación de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ecología AC, Carretera antigua a Coatepec No. 351, El Haya, CP 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz Mexico
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Kenubih A, Belay E, Lemma K. Evaluation of the Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Acokanthera schimperi against Various Disease-Causing Bacteria. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:889-899. [PMID: 34522145 PMCID: PMC8434907 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s322396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In traditional medicine of Ethiopia, Acokanthera schimperi is the one used to treat different infectious diseases. Hence, this study was conducted with the main aim of determining active compounds in the leaves of A. schimperi. Methods The antimicrobial activities of using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and acute oral toxicity of the fraction. Results The average bacterial zone of inhibition of the dichloromethane (DCM), chloroform (TCM), petroleum ether (PE) and ethyl acetate (EA) fractions ranged from 7.67 mm to 18.12 mm. The average values of MIC of the DCM, TCM, PE and EA fractions ranged from 4.17 mg/mL to 33.34 mg/mL. The most susceptible bacterium at 200 mg/mL was S. typhi, (18.12mm), while the less susceptible bacterium was C. freundii (14.33mm). Conclusion The solvent fractions demonstrated significant antibacterial activities with varying spectrum and safe up to 2000mg/kg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ambaye Kenubih
- University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Eyerusalem Belay
- University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
| | - Kumneger Lemma
- University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Ethiopia
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Arjona-García C, Blancas J, Beltrán-Rodríguez L, López Binnqüist C, Colín Bahena H, Moreno-Calles AI, Sierra-Huelsz JA, López-Medellín X. How does urbanization affect perceptions and traditional knowledge of medicinal plants? JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:48. [PMID: 34344391 PMCID: PMC8330055 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00473-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use and knowledge of medicinal plants play an essential role in community health in rural Mexico. Medicinal plants are part of the local heritage and provide a source of economic income. Nevertheless, knowledge of their use has declined due to factors like accelerated urbanization. Some authors have proposed that by reducing natural spaces, urbanization generates changes that impact the recognition, use, and management of natural resources. Here, we evaluate how urbanization affects the knowledge, use, and perception of medicinal plants in a Biosphere Reserve in Mexico. METHODS Using a mixed methodology including quantitative and qualitative analyses, we generated a list of medicinal plants, methods of preparation, prevalence of illness, and use in two communities with different degrees of urbanization. RESULTS A total of 217 medicinal plants were identified. The more urbanized community had greater knowledge of, and used, a larger number of introduced plant species, while the less urbanized community used and had more knowledge about wild plants. One of the factors explaining these differences was occupation, with people who work outdoors showing greater knowledge of wild plants. CONCLUSIONS Urbanization can lead to a loss of knowledge of the use and management of local wild species, with implications for the conservation of biocultural heritage. Substitution of native medicinal plants by introduced species shows disinterest and disuse in the local medicinal flora, which could be reflected in their ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Arjona-García
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - José Blancas
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Leonardo Beltrán-Rodríguez
- Jardín Botánico, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Tercer Circuito exterior, S/N Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, C.P, 04510, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Citlalli López Binnqüist
- Centro de Investigaciones Tropicales (CITRO), Universidad Veracruzana, José María Morelos 44, Zona Centro, Centro, C.P. 91000, Xalapa-Enríquez, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Hortensia Colín Bahena
- Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CIB), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Ana Isabel Moreno-Calles
- Escuela de Estudios Superiores - Campus Morelia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Antigua Carretera a Pátzcuaro 8701, Residencial San José de la Huerta, C.P, 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, Mexico
| | | | - Xavier López-Medellín
- Centro de Investigación en Biodiversidad y Conservación (CIByC), Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Av. Universidad 1001, Colonia Chamilpa, C.P, 62209, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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van Luijk N, Soldati GT, da Fonseca-Kruel VS. The role of schools as an opportunity for transmission of local knowledge about useful Restinga plants: experiences in southeastern Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2021; 17:34. [PMID: 34001189 PMCID: PMC8130333 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-021-00461-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study of cultural transmission can help identify processes that influence knowledge systems dynamics and evolution, especially during childhood and youth, which are fundamental phases in acquiring survival skills. In this sense, we use the knowledge about useful restinga plants (Brazilian coastal vegetation) as an analytical model to describe, compare, and analyze cultural transmission during youth, while factoring in origin, in the Cabo Frio region, southeastern Brazil. We tested (1) whether transmission of knowledge is conservative, (2) whether immigration events define the transmission modes, (3) whether teaching is the most important social transmission cognitive process, and (4) which type of stimulus/context is most important for the knowledge transmission process. METHODS Questionnaires and free listings were applied to 150 high school students aged between 15 and 20 to obtain information about socioeconomic characteristics, useful plant knowledge, and cultural transmission. We analyzed the distribution of knowledge according to the informant's origin and evaluated the models, processes, and context with which this information was transmitted. The chi-square test was used to determine the association between origin, plant knowledge, and transmission as well as to reveal the most important models, modes, and processes during youth. RESULTS Informants provided 299 plant citations ([Formula: see text] = 1.75; s = 1.73) related to 37 species. The categories of the most cited uses were edible (93) and medicinal (32). Statistical results showed that origin did not influence knowledge distribution and transmission. In addition, although the most relevant mode was the conservative (vertical) one, the one-to-many diffuse mode (teacher) was highlighted. The new environmental context for immigrants did not influence transmission, the main transmission process was teaching, and the learning contexts were predominantly school-related. CONCLUSION Plant knowledge in youth was related to local edible and medicinal plants, indicating adaptive knowledge linked to material demands for survival. While the initial models for cultural transmission are family (vertical), during the development phase of juveniles, other actors become models (one-to-many). In addition, the nature of the information (survival demand) and age are more relevant to cultural transmission than the socio-environmental context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicky van Luijk
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade em Unidades de Conservação, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical - Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Gustavo Taboada Soldati
- Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Rua José Lourenço Kelmer, S/N, São Pedro, Minas Gerais, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Viviane Stern da Fonseca-Kruel
- Diretoria de Pesquisas, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rua Pacheco Leão, 915, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Belay D, Kenubih A, Yesuf M, Kebede E, Yayeh M, Birhan M. Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Solvent Fractions of Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth. (Fabaceae). J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:499-509. [PMID: 34040457 PMCID: PMC8139678 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s285872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Calpurnia aurea (Ait.) Benth. leaves are used to treat different diseases like ectoparasite infestation, diarrhea, sores, anthrax, fevers, pain, and snake venom. The leaves of Calpurnia aurea were first extracted by methanol and further fractionated with the help of n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate with increasing polarity. Methods The antibacterial activities of the fractions were evaluated against disease causing bacteria using agar well diffusion. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the fractions were determined by the micro-broth dilution method using tetrazolium salt colorimetric assay. The antioxidant activities of the solvent fractions were determined by phospho-molbedum reduction assay, reducing power assay and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity. Results The average MIC value of C. aurea fractions ranged from 1.95mg/mL to 31.25mg/mL, 7.81mg/mL to 31.25mg/mL and 13.02mg/mL to 62.5mg/mL, for ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and n-hexane fractions, respectively. The leaf extracts have a higher antioxidant effect, as shown in the phospho-molbedum reduction assay, reducing power and hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. Conclusion The ethyl acetate and dichloromethane fractions revealed significant antibacterial effects against the growth of pathogenic bacteria. However, the n-hexane fraction showed the least antibacterial effect against all of the test bacteria. Furthermore, the n-hexane fractions of C. aurea showed higher antioxidant activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dessie Belay
- Livestock Promotion Sector, Belessa District Agricultural Office, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia.,Veterinary Para-Clinical Studies, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Ambaye Kenubih
- Veterinary Para-Clinical Studies, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Mohammed Yesuf
- Veterinary Para-Clinical Studies, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Elias Kebede
- Veterinary Pharmacy, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Muluken Yayeh
- Veterinary Para-Clinical Studies, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
| | - Mastewal Birhan
- Veterinary Para-Clinical Studies, University of Gondar, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Gondar, Amhara, Ethiopia
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Zhao Y, Yang Z, Lang B, Wu Meng MS, Xue D, Gao L, Yang L. Skincare plants of the Naxi of NW Yunnan, China. PLANT DIVERSITY 2020; 42:473-478. [PMID: 34746526 PMCID: PMC8553254 DOI: 10.1016/j.pld.2020.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The Naxi of Northwest Yunnan, China use medicinal plants to treat skin conditions related to traditional lifestyles in extreme environments. However, modernization endangers both the medicinal plants used to treat skin conditions and traditional knowledge. Therefore, investigation and documentation of the medicinal plants used and associated traditional knowledge is necessary. In this study, we conducted an ethnobotanical survey in 12 Naxi communities in Northwest Yunnan. For this purpose, we used semi-structured surveys to interview 840 informants from Naxi communities. We used informant consensus factor and use frequency as quantitative indices to evaluate the importance of medicinal plant species. A total of 161 medicinal plant species belonging to 69 families were documented. The highest informant consensus factor (ICF) values were recorded for skin nourishing (ICF = 0.849), frostbite and chapped skin (ICF = 0.833). These skin treatments are highly related to the environment and lifestyle of Naxi communities. The main active compounds of plants used to treat skin conditions in Naxi communities are known to have skin-treating properties. This study reveals that the skin conditions treated by the Naxi are associated with traditional medicine culture and social economic development. In addition, this study uses ethnobotanical indices to explain how skin condition treatments are linked to the natural environment of Naxi communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiang Zhao
- College of Forestry and Vocational Technology in Yunnan, Kunming, 650224, Yunnan, China
| | - Zexing Yang
- Department of Reproductive Genetics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650032, Yunnan, China
| | - Bayi Lang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan, China
| | | | - Dayuan Xue
- Minzu University of China, Beijing, 10081, China
| | - Lu Gao
- Yunnan Minzu University, Kunming, 650031, Yunnan, China
| | - Lixin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
- Center for Biodiversity and Indigenous Knowledge, Kunming, 650034, Yunnan, China
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Bond MO, Gaoue OG. Prestige and homophily predict network structure for social learning of medicinal plant knowledge. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0239345. [PMID: 33031437 PMCID: PMC7544085 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0239345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Human subsistence societies have thrived in environmental extremes while maintaining biodiversity through social learning of ecological knowledge, such as techniques to prepare food and medicine from local resources. However, there is limited understanding of which processes shape social learning patterns and configuration in ecological knowledge networks, or how these processes apply to resource management and biological conservation. In this study, we test the hypothesis that the prestige (rarity or exclusivity) of knowledge shapes social learning networks. In addition, we test whether people tend to select who to learn from based on prestige (knowledge or reputation), and homophily (e.g., people of the same age or gender). We used interviews to assess five types of medicinal plant knowledge and how 303 people share this knowledge across four villages in Solomon Islands. We developed exponential random graph models (ERGMs) to test whether hypothesized patterns of knowledge sharing based on prestige and homophily are more common in the observed network than in randomly simulated networks of the same size. We found that prestige predicts five hypothesized network configurations and all three hypothesized learning patterns, while homophily predicts one of three hypothesized network configurations and five of the seven hypothesized learning patterns. These results compare the strength of different prestige and homophily effects on social learning and show how cultural practices such as intermarriage can affect certain aspects of prestige and homophily. By advancing our understanding of how prestige and homophily affect ecological knowledge networks, we identify which social learning patterns have the largest effects on biocultural conservation of ecological knowledge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew O. Bond
- Department of Botany, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America
| | - Orou G. Gaoue
- Department of Botany, University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawai‘i, United States of America
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee at Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee, United States of America
- Faculty of Agronomy, University of Parakou, Parakou, Benin
- Department of Geography, Environmental Management and Energy Studies, University of Johannesburg, APK Campus, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Kaliszewska I, Kołodziejska I. How practice in plant collection influences interactions with illustrations and written texts on local plants? A case study from Daghestan, North Caucasus. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2020; 16:37. [PMID: 32576272 PMCID: PMC7310508 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00376-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is only recently that written sources of local knowledge on plants are not being ignored by scholars as not belonging to "traditional" knowledge. Ethnobotanical texts, however, if they at all focus on knowledge from written sources, hardly ever pay any attention to the actual processes of interaction with written texts and illustrations. During our research, we examined people's interactions with texts, illustrations, and herbarium specimens of plants they collect or are familiar with. We focused on a small community of Shiri people in the mountainous village and in the lowland settlements in the Republic of Daghestan, Russia. In the paper, we address the following questions: how do Shiri people interact with illustrations, written text, and herbaria specimens? How is this interaction influenced by the practice of plant collection? What are the methodological implications of the ways people interact with illustrations, texts, and herbaria specimens? METHODS Our research was based on long-term ethnographic fieldwork: co-designing of a booklet showing edible plants people collect in Shiri, semi-structured interviews, and video-recordings, and observing interactions between people and text/illustrations/voucher specimens. RESULTS We identified three kinds of interactions between individuals and text/illustrations: "text-wayfaring"-predominantly a bodily interaction between an individual and illustrations and text; "fact/spelling checking"-predominantly discursive and information focused; "between wayfaring and fact-checking"-the mix of the two. Using the idea of textual poaching, as well as the knowledge-making approach, we show that the mode of interaction with text/illustrations influences what is acquired, and how. This process influences readers' LEK. The mere presence of an information in the text available to people does not imply that they will acquire it, make use of it, and change their LEK. Photographs and pressed specimens of locally known plants are often not (or only partly) recognized by the interlocutors. Video-recording is essential for analyzing the above mentioned interactions. CONCLUSIONS In ethnobotanical research, it is important to pay more attention to people's interaction with their sources of knowledge, including text and illustrations. The discursive part of LEK is more easily influenced by written sources. The practice of plant collection is not as easily influenced. Ethnobotanists function in a particular context and are embedded in discourses oriented towards conservation of bio-cultural diversity that value heritage as such, so it is important to be aware of one's positionality. A methodology that relies on showing pressed specimens or photographs to interlocutors may be a very misleading way of collecting ethnobotanical data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Kaliszewska
- Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żurawia 4, 00-503 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwa Kołodziejska
- Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Warsaw, ul. Żurawia 4, 00-503 Warsaw, Poland
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Thorn JPR, Thornton TF, Helfgott A, Willis KJ. Indigenous uses of wild and tended plant biodiversity maintain ecosystem services in agricultural landscapes of the Terai Plains of Nepal. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2020; 16:33. [PMID: 32513199 PMCID: PMC7278186 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00382-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite a rapidly accumulating evidence base quantifying ecosystem services, the role of biodiversity in the maintenance of ecosystem services in shared human-nature environments is still understudied, as is how indigenous and agriculturally dependent communities perceive, use, and manage biodiversity. The present study aims to document traditional ethnobotanical knowledge of the ecosystem service benefits derived from wild and tended plants in rice-cultivated agroecosystems, compare this to botanical surveys, and analyze the extent to which ecosystem services contribute social-ecological resilience in the Terai Plains of Nepal. METHOD Sampling was carried out in four landscapes, 22 Village District Committees, and 40 wards in the monsoon season. Data collection was based on transects walks to collect plant specimens, structured and semi-structured interviews, and participatory fieldwork in and around home gardens, farms, and production landscapes. We asked 180 farmers to free-list vernacular names and describe use-value of wild and tended plants in rice-cultivated agroecosystems. Uses were categorized into eight broad groupings, and 61 biomedical ailment classifications. We assessed if knowledge of plant species diversity and abundance differed with regard to caste, age, and gender. RESULTS Nepalese farmers have a deep knowledge of the use and management of the 391 vascular plant specimens identified, which provide key provisioning, regulating, supporting, and cultural ecosystem services. Altogether, plants belong to 76 distinct plant species from 49 phylogenetic families: 56 are used to cure 61 ailments, 27 for rituals, 25 for food, 20 for timber, 17 for fuel, 17 for fodder, 11 for soil enhancement, and eight for pesticides. Four caste groups have statistically different knowledge, and younger informants report a lower average number of useful plants. CONCLUSION Agricultural landscapes in Nepal are reservoirs of biodiversity. The knowledge of the use of wild and tended plant species in and around these farms differs by the caste and age group of land manager. Conducting research on agroecosystems will contribute to a deeper understanding of how nature is perceived by locals, to more efficient management and conservation of the breadbasket of Nepal, and to the conservation of valuable, but disappearing traditional knowledge and practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica P. R. Thorn
- Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
- Department of Environment and Geography, York Institute of Tropical Ecology, University of York, 290 Wentworth Way, Heslington, York, YO1 5NG UK
- African Climate and Development Initiative, University of Cape Town, Upper Campus, Geological Sciences Building Level 6, 13 Library Road, Rondebosch, 7700 South Africa
| | - Thomas F. Thornton
- Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford, S Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QY UK
- School of Arts and Sciences, University of Alaska Southeast, Juneau, AK 99801 USA
| | - Ariella Helfgott
- Environmental Change Institute, Oxford University Centre for the Environment, University of Oxford, S Parks Rd, Oxford, OX1 3QY UK
| | - Kathy J. Willis
- Department of Zoology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Oxford, New Radcliffe House, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, OX2 6GG UK
- Kew Royal Botanical Gardens, Richmond, TW9 3AB UK
- Department of Biology, University of Bergen, Postboks 7803, 5020 Bergen, Norway
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Teka A, Asfaw Z, Demissew S, Van Damme P. Medicinal plant use practice in four ethnic communities (Gurage, Mareqo, Qebena, and Silti), south central Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2020; 16:27. [PMID: 32448337 PMCID: PMC7245860 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-020-00377-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnic groups throughout the world have developed their own cultures expressed in the form of customs, taboos, and traditional healthcare systems. Traditional medicine system is one of the widespread cultures known throughout the world which is very much tied to cultural practices of the community or ethnic group. Medicinal plant treasure found in Gurage and Silti zones remained poorly characterized and understood. Therefore, this study was conducted in four ethnic groups: three from Gurage zone (Gurage, Qebena, and Mareqo) and one from Silti zone (Silti) which have lived in close proximity and contact for many centuries in the respective zones. In the present study, unique and shared cultural elements in connection to traditional herbal medicine were examined through investigation of the diversity of medicinal plants. Moreover, attempts have been made to determine similarities among the society in the medicinal plants they have used in general and in medicinal plant species considered culturally most important. METHODS In a study that involved 320 randomly sampled informants, semi-structured interviews, focus group discussions, and participant observation were used and qualitative and quantitative data were collected. Descriptive statistics, rank order priority (ROP), informant consensus factor, Jaccard similarity coefficient, and clustering were used for data analysis. RESULTS A total of 244 medicinal plant species and a fungal species used to treat human and/or livestock ailments were documented. The number of plants (80 plants, 33 %) with ROP value greater than 50% were considerably fewer than that of plants with ROP < 50% (164, 67 %). Jaccard similarity index and clustering analysis for all cited plants, among the respective studied districts, indicated that grouping generally followed the existing ethnic origin. On the contrary, clustering based on culturally important medicinal plant species (80 plant species, score ROP ≥ 50%) showed the influence of proximity and geographical orientation rather than ethnic relation. CONCLUSIONS Culturally, most important plants (80 spp.) are widely used and best shared with nearby communities and this could imply current (new) knowledge being practiced in the communities. This knowledge must be documented and better utilized in a modern way including modernized use of traditional medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alemtshay Teka
- Department of Biology, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Kotebe Metropolitan University, P.O. Box 31248, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Zemede Asfaw
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 3434, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Sebsebe Demissew
- Department of Plant Biology and Biodiversity Management, College of Natural Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box 3434, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Patrick Van Damme
- Laboratory for Tropical and Subtropical Agriculture and Ethnobotany, Department of Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bio-Science Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- Faculty of Tropical AgriSciences, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamycka 129, Prague 6 –, 165 21 Suchdol, Czech Republic
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Zhang L, Wang L, Cunningham AB, Shi Y, Wang Y. Island blues: indigenous knowledge of indigo-yielding plant species used by Hainan Miao and Li dyers on Hainan Island, China. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2019; 15:31. [PMID: 31269961 PMCID: PMC6609400 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0314-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Historically, indigo-yielding plant species were important cash crops from Central Asia to the southern United States and Central America. Indigo-dyed textiles were widely traded along the legendary Silk Road that linked China to Europe. Today, due to the labor-intensive nature of indigo extraction at the household level, lifestyle changes and the widespread availability of commercially produced indigo paste, traditional indigo extraction methods have declined in villages. Yet Li textile weavers on Hainan Island are internationally recognized as producers of indigo-dyed textile using warp ikat techniques. In contrast, Hainan Miao weavers produce indigo-dyed textiles using batik (wax resist) techniques. The aim of this study was to document the indigenous knowledge on indigo-yielding plant species used by both Hainan Miao and Li people on Hainan Island, China. METHOD Ethnic uses were documented during three field surveys, through a questionnaire survey of 193 respondents, comprising 144 Hainan Miao and 49 Li traditional dyers. Mention index (QI), Availability index (AI), and Preference ranking (PR) of each indigo-yielding plant species were calculated to screen out plant resources with potential development value. RESULTS Five indigo-yielding plant species (from four plant families and four genera) were historically used by Hainan Miao and Li dyers. However, just four species are still in use. Strobilanthes cusia was the main indigo source for Hainan Miao dyers. Li dyers also commonly use Indigofera species (I. tinctoria and I. suffruticosa) for indigo extraction. Wrightia laevis is less commonly used as a contemporary indigo source. Indigo extraction by steeping in water to which lime is added to increase the pH is sharing by the five indigo-yielding plant species. Strobilanthes cusia had the highest QI, AI and PR values in Hainan Miao villages. Indigofera tinctoria had the highest QI and AI values, but Indigofera suffruticosa was preferred by Li dyers. CONCLUSION In the process of modernization and urbanization, some Hainan Miao and Li dyers retain the traditional indigo extraction methods. We found that Strobilanthes cusia and Indigofera tinctoria have the most potential for sustainable indigo production in the future. Furthermore, this study documents the details of extraction method from Wrightia laevis for the first time and the use of Ricinus communis seeds in that process. As one of the last places globally where Wrightia laevis is still used for indigo production, the may also be a nice market among textile collectors and museums that keeps the tradition of Wrightia laevis production and use for indigo extraction alive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libin Zhang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132# Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132# Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Anthony B. Cunningham
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132# Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201 China
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, 90 South St, Murdoch, WA 6150 Australia
| | - Yuru Shi
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132# Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Department of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132# Lanhei Road, Kunming, 650201 China
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Tefera BN, Kim YD. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants in the Hawassa Zuria District, Sidama zone, Southern Ethiopia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2019; 15:25. [PMID: 31126296 PMCID: PMC6534827 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-019-0302-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethiopia is one of the species-rich countries in the world and the center of origin with regard to the diversity of many plant species. Ethnobotanical studies are vital to investigate these diverse biological resources for medicinal purposes. The aim of this study was to document the indigenous knowledge of the Sidama people regarding the use of medicinal plants to treat human and livestock diseases in the Hawassa Zuria district of Southern Ethiopia. METHODS A total of 150 informants (118 men and 32 women) were selected to collect ethnobotanical information from ten kebeles by means of a stratified purposive sampling method. Among the informants, 30 key informants were selected purposefully. Ethnobotanical data were collected through semi-structured interviews and group discussions and were analyzed by descriptive statistics, informant consensus factor (ICF), fidelity level (FL), and ranking methods. RESULTS A total of 105 medicinal plants distributed across 52 families and 96 genera were collected. Fabaceae (11 species) was represented by the highest number of plant species, followed by Lamiaceae (7 species). Herbs (34%) were the dominant growth habits, followed by trees (33%). Leaves (56%) were the dominant plant part used in the preparation of remedies, followed by fruit (15%). The most common method of remedy preparation was grinding (39%) followed by chewing and boiling (11% each). Oral (74%) was the major routes of administration, followed by dermal (20%). There was a significant knowledge difference (p < 0.05) between social groups regarding the use of traditional medicinal plants. Insects and ectoparasites disease category (0.95) had higher informant consensus factor value followed by fever disease category (0.91). Eucalyptus globulus Labill. (100%) had a higher fidelity level to treat stomachache, followed by Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman. (87.27%) to treat placenta delay. Ensete ventricosum (total score = 73) was ranked highest as the most preferable medicinal plant for various purposes by local people, followed by Olea welwitschii (Knobl.) Gilg (total score = 72). CONCLUSION The present study revealed the existence of indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants to treat human and livestock ailments. However, agricultural expansion, firewood collection, environmental degradation, and deforestation are the main threats to medicinal plants. Therefore, there should be mentoring for the local people in the study area to conserve their indigenous knowledge resources and prevent the extinction of medicinal plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banchiamlak Nigussie Tefera
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Republic of Korea
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, P.O. Box 2003, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Young-Dong Kim
- Department of Life Science and Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252 Republic of Korea
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Social Networks and Knowledge Transmission Strategies among Baka Children, Southeastern Cameroon. HUMAN NATURE-AN INTERDISCIPLINARY BIOSOCIAL PERSPECTIVE 2019; 29:442-463. [PMID: 30357606 PMCID: PMC6208833 DOI: 10.1007/s12110-018-9328-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of knowledge transmission and acquisition, or how different aspects of culture are passed from one individual to another and how they are acquired and embodied by individuals, are central to understanding cultural evolution. In small-scale societies, cultural knowledge is largely acquired early in life through observation, imitation, and other forms of social learning embedded in daily experiences. However, little is known about the pathways through which such knowledge is transmitted, especially during middle childhood and adolescence. This study presents new empirical data on cultural knowledge transmission during childhood. Data were collected among the Baka, a forager-farmer society in southeastern Cameroon. We conducted structured interviews with children between 5 and 16 years of age (n = 58 children; 177 interviews, with children being interviewed 1–6 times) about group composition during subsistence activities. Children’s groups were generally diverse, although children tended to perform subsistence activities primarily without adults and with same-sex companions. Group composition varied from one subsistence activity to another, which suggests that the flow of knowledge might also vary according to the activity performed. Analysis of the social composition of children’s subsistence groups shows that vertical and oblique transmission of subsistence-related knowledge might not be predominant during middle childhood and adolescence. Rather, horizontal transmission appears to be the most common knowledge transmission strategy used by Baka children during middle childhood and adolescence, highlighting the importance of other children in the transmission of knowledge.
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Zhong M, Huang S, Wang H, Huang Y, Xu J, Zhang L. Optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of pigment from Dioscorea cirrhosa by response surface methodology and evaluation of its stability. RSC Adv 2019; 9:1576-1585. [PMID: 35518037 PMCID: PMC9059569 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra07455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 12/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) of Dioscorea cirrhosa pigment (DCP). The results demonstrated that the yield of DCP is the highest (32.27%) when acetone volume fraction is 74%, extraction time is 31 min, and the temperature is 54 °C. Next, the effects of pH, temperature, light, metal ions, reductants and oxidants on the stability of DCP were further evaluated to confirm the best storage conditions of DCP. The results showed that DCP should be stored at a wide pH range of 3 to 9, below 80 °C and away from light. Metal ions such as Fe2+, Fe3+, and Ti4+ can destabilize DCP, while K+, Al3+, Ca2+, Cu2+, Mg2+, and Zn2+ have little impact on DCP. Moreover, DCP showed good anti-reduction and poor anti-oxidization properties. These results might provide the basic data and theoretical guidance for the application of DCP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Shiya Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Huanhuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Yuelong Huang
- Guangzhou Jiao Zi Daily Chemical Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510315 China
| | - Jianren Xu
- Guangzhou Jiao Zi Daily Chemical Co., Ltd. Guangzhou 510315 China
| | - Lijuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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Romanus PC, Mendes FR, Carlini EDA. Factors affecting the use of medicinal plants by migrants from rural areas of Brazilian Northeast after moving to a metropolitan region in Southeast of Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2018; 14:72. [PMID: 30466463 PMCID: PMC6249753 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0270-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnopharmacological studies about migrants reveal a dynamic process of knowledge and use of medicinal plants. In this study, we sought to elucidate quantitative and qualitatively the main factors influencing the use of medicinal plants by migrants from rural areas to an urban region in Brazil with traces of remnant natural vegetation. METHODS Seven Northeastern individuals who migrated to the Southeastern Region of Brazil (Bororé Peninsula, in the city of São Paulo) were selected to participate in semi-structured interviews regarding the use of medicinal plants throughout their lives, and indicated an inhabitant in their hometown that would be able to accompany the field collections in each area. Socioeconomic, educational, family structure, and use of Western medicine data were provided during interviews with the individuals from their hometowns. Plant samples cited by the interviewees were collected both at the current place of residence and in their hometowns. RESULTS The participants cited 131 plants and 315 recipes, being the main indications related to the gastrointestinal system, respiratory problems, and pain and inflammatory processes. We observed that most plant uses were maintained after migration. Higher percentages of maintenances and incorporations in plant uses occurred to exotic species, while replacements happen mainly to native plants. The introduction of new species into the migrants' therapeutics occurred mainly by observations of organoleptic similarities between the substituted plant and the incorporated species, conversations with neighbors, and contact with the television and print media. In addition, the public health system allowed the interviewees access to prophylactic drugs, leading to the discontinuation of certain recipes used in endemic diseases. CONCLUSION Migrants were exposed to information about new plants and their uses, new diseases, and socioeconomic and cultural differences that impacted their use of medicinal plants. Although migration to a more developed city facilitated access to public health and education, on the other hand, it made access to fresh medicinal plants difficult, causing some medicinal plants to be replaced or ceased to be used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Perla Carvalho Romanus
- Department of Psychobiology, UNIFESP, Rua Botucatu, 862, 1° andar, prédio Ciências Biomédicas, Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-062 Brazil
| | - Fúlvio Rieli Mendes
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, UFABC, Rua Arcturus, 03, Sala 236, Bloco Delta. Bairro Jardim Antares, São Bernardo do Campo, SP 09606-070 Brazil
| | - Elisaldo de Araújo Carlini
- Department of Preventive Medicine, UNIFESP, Rua Botucatu, 740, 4° andar. Bairro Vila Clementino, São Paulo, SP 04023-900 Brazil
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Victoria Reyes-García
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08010 Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera, Barcelona, Spain
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Kuhn E, Haselmair R, Pirker H, Vogl CR. The role of ethnic tourism in the food knowledge tradition of Tyrolean migrants in Treze Tílias, SC, Brazil. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2018; 14:26. [PMID: 29625616 PMCID: PMC5889527 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-018-0224-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Food knowledge and consumption in the context of migration is an important topic in ethnobiological research. Little research is done on the process of how external factors impact food knowledge amongst migrants. Taking into account social organisation and power relations of food knowledge transmission and distribution of food knowledge, this study sheds light on how the accessibility of resources, the predominant cuisine in the host country and ethnic tourism influences the food knowledge tradition of Tyrolean migrants and their descendants in Treze Tílias. METHODS Field research was conducted in Austria and Brazil in 2008-2009, using free-listing, social network analysis and participatory observation. The collected data was analysed by calculating Smith's Salience index, visualising personal and social networks and qualitative text analysis. RESULTS Tyroleans in Austria had a different perception and a higher agreement of what Tyrolean food comprises than Tyroleans in Brazil, indicating different developments: Tyrolean migrants adapted their food habits according to available resources and over time in Brazil. Later, ethnic tourism had a strong impact: In Treze Tílias, dishes with the highest Smith's Salience index-forming the core of cultural food knowledge-strongly coincided with Tyrolean food served in ethnic restaurants, whose staff were perceived to be experts in Tyrolean food. CONCLUSION Despite most food knowledge in Treze Tílias was transmitted within families, ethnic food prepared in restaurants and hotels determined the shared perception of what Tyrolean food comprises. Perceived as experts, the staff in ethnic restaurants were in a powerful position to transform cultural food knowledge by providing institutionalised and standardised knowledge about Tyrolean food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Kuhn
- Working Group: Knowledge Systems and Innovations, Division of Organic Farming, Department for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ruth Haselmair
- Working Group: Knowledge Systems and Innovations, Division of Organic Farming, Department for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Heidemarie Pirker
- Working Group: Knowledge Systems and Innovations, Division of Organic Farming, Department for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian R. Vogl
- Working Group: Knowledge Systems and Innovations, Division of Organic Farming, Department for Sustainable Agricultural Systems, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Gregor Mendel Straße 33, 1180 Vienna, Austria
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Kim G, Kim H, Song MJ. Ethnopharmacological implications of quantitative and network analysis for traditional knowledge regarding the medicinal use of animals by indigenous people in Wolchulsan National Park, Korea. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 213:1-11. [PMID: 29100933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Revised: 10/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The purpose of this study was to record, analyze, and identify ethnopharmacological implications for oral traditional knowledge regarding the medicinal use of animals by indigenous people living in Wolchulsan National Park, Korea. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data were collected through interviews, informal meetings, open and group discussions, and observations guided by semi-structured questionnaires. Data were analyzed via quantitative analysis of informant consensus factor and fidelity level, and network analysis, including centrality and clustering analysis. RESULTS A total of 46 families, 59 genera, and 60 species of animals, as well as 373 methods of usage, were recorded. Fish comprised 31.7% of the total animal species recorded, followed by mammals at 20.0%, arthropods at 18.3%, and mollusks at 11.7%. Of these animals, 48.0% were utilized as food and 46.1% for medicinal use. Quantitative analysis showed that the category with the highest degree of consensus from informants was veterinary ailments (informant consensus factor value, 0.96). This was followed by poisonings (0.93), pains (0.92), genitourinary system disorders (0.91), cuts and wounds (0.89), and other medical conditions. The lowest degree of consensus was for skin diseases and disorders (0.57). There were 8 species of animals with a fidelity level of 100%, after eliminating from the animals analyzed that were mentioned only once. Finally, using network analysis, Gallus gallus domesticus and Gloydius brevicaudus were defined as species with meaningful medicinal use, while lack of vigor and lung diseases were defined as significant ailments in the study area. CONCLUSION This study validates that local communities use animals not only for food but also for medicinal purposes as crucial therapeutic measures. Therefore, the conservation of fauna and preservation of traditional knowledge need to be seriously considered to maintain the health and well-being of the local communities. Network analysis clarified the series of ailments for which each animal species is preferentially used and helped confirm the order of priority when prescribing animal components for medicinal use. The traditional knowledge recorded in the present study will provide the basic data to develop new medicines for the bioindustry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Geun Kim
- College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Kim
- School of Alternative Medicine and Health Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi-Jang Song
- Department of Integrated Bio-Resource Science, Jeonju University, Jeonju 55069, Republic of Korea.
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Hussain W, Ullah M, Dastagir G, Badshah L. Quantitative ethnobotanical appraisal of medicinal plants used by inhabitants of lower Kurram, Kurram agency, Pakistan. AVICENNA JOURNAL OF PHYTOMEDICINE 2018; 8:313-329. [PMID: 30377590 PMCID: PMC6204146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Medicinal plants are used for treatment of ailments throughout rural and urban areas of the world. Such use of plants varies from one region to another and is measured using quantitative techniques. The current research which was conducted from March to October 2015, is the first explorative study of medicinal plants used by inhabitants of lower Kurram, Kurram agency, Pakistan. MATERIALS AND METHODS Field trips were done to 20 location of lower Kurram and information regarding medicinal use of plants was collected from the locals through semi-structured interviews. RESULTS A total of 52 plant species that were reported by the people from the region, to have medicinal value, fall within 48 genera and 35 families. The family Asteraceae comprised most of these herbs (6 species) followed by the family Lamiaceae (4 species) and Solanaceae (3 species). Leaves (24.3%) and fruits (21.6%) were the frequently used parts in preparation of remedies. The reported plants were used for treatment of 50 ailments with most of these plants (35 species; 30.97%) being used for treatment of digestive problems. Seriphidium kurramensis had the highest relative frequency of citation (66.18) and use value (1.10). Fidelity level of Caralluma tuberculata and Artemisia scoparia for diabetes was (61.22) and (55.56), respectively. The highest fidelity level for malaria was reported for Artemisia absinthium (43.66) and S. kurramensis (40.00). CONCLUSION The inhabitants of lower Kurram still practice medicinal plants and few of the plants were used for treatment of fatal diseases like malaria, hepatitis and blood cancer. Haphazard cutting of plants and overgrazing are major threats that can affect plants biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wahid Hussain
- Department of Botany, GPGC Parachinar Kurram agency Pakistan
| | - Manzoor Ullah
- Department of Botany, University of Science and Technology Bannu KP, Pakistan,Corresponding Author: Tel: +928 653212 , +923139221942, Fax: +92928633821,
| | | | - Lal Badshah
- Department of Botany, University of Peshawar, KP, Pakistan
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Roldán-Clarà B, Toledo VM, Espejel I. The use of birds as pets in Mexico. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2017; 13:35. [PMID: 28610587 PMCID: PMC5470262 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0161-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of birds as pets has been a historical tradition in Mexico since prehispanic times. It has survived through bird traders, called pajareros, which is a local name given to the trade (derived from pájaro, the Spanish word for bird). However, the trade of birds has not been sufficiently described; therefore, the goal of this paper is to analyze the bird trade in Mexico using the components of an ethnoecology scheme known as kosmos-corpus-praxis complex. METHODS Qualitative research techniques were used, including ethnographic immersion, participative research, and interviews of 79 pajareros in 22 localities in nine Mexican states. RESULTS The activity of the pajareros occurs within their households, with each member having distinct roles. The roles involved in bird trading are capturing, acclimation, maintenance, and sale. Their assignment depends on gender, age, and residential location (rural or urban). Beyond their households, the pajareros are well organized in trade unions and are represented by a leader, who acts as an intermediate between them and the government officers who are involved in the authorization of federal permits. The pajareros use 96 species of birds, most of which are native to Mexico. Practicing the trade requires highly specific knowledge of the biology, ecology, habitat, nutrition, diseases, and behavior of the birds, as well as the abiotic components of their environment, such as climatology and geography. The cosmovision of pajarero households is embedded in their identity, making them proud of their trade. CONCLUSIONS Our paper provides the first comprehensive description of the pajarero trade, showing evidence of local communitarian management in the places where the wild birds are captured.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blanca Roldán-Clarà
- Laboratorio de Etnoecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán Mexico
| | - Víctor M. Toledo
- Laboratorio de Etnoecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad (IIES) Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Morelia, Michoacán Mexico
| | - Ileana Espejel
- Universidad Autónoma de Baja California (UABC), Carretera Transpeninsular Ensenada - Tijuana No. 3917, Colonia Playitas, C.P. 22860 Ensenada, Baja California Mexico
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Brito CDCD, Silva TCD, Albuquerque UP, Ramos MA, Ferreira Júnior WS, Barros FN, Costa Neto EM, Medeiros PMD. The use of different indicators for interpreting the local knowledge loss on medical plants. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2016.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Lumpert M, Kreft S. Folk use of medicinal plants in Karst and Gorjanci, Slovenia. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2017; 13:16. [PMID: 28231793 PMCID: PMC5324297 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-017-0144-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Information on the use of medicinal plants in Karst and Gorjanci is not available in the literature, but collection of plants is still an important and widespread practice in these regions. Karst and Gorjanci are two remote regions in Slovenia that are only 120 km apart but have different climates; one region is close to the Italian border, and the other is near the Croatian border. Our aim was to report and compare the use of medicinal plants in both regions. METHODS From October 2013 to September 2014, 25 informants each in Karst and Gorjanci were interviewed during field research. The age of the informants ranged from 33 to 89 years, with an average age of 61 years in Karst and 69 years in Gorjanci. The main question was "Which plants do or did you collect from nature and use?" Plants of medicinal, nutritive, veterinary or cosmetic use were considered. RESULTS A total of 78 and 82 taxa were reported in Karst and Gorjanci, respectively; 65 taxa were reported in both regions. Approximately 64% of the plants in each region were distinctive for only a few informants (fewer than 7). The remaining plants were considered important, and the majority were mutual to both regions. Few reported plants were typical for just one region. Differences in the use of some common medicinal plants were observed, e.g., Matricaria chamomilla was used mostly for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, respiratory infections and sore eyes in Gorjanci but as a calmative in Karst. Altogether, 15 different oral and 15 different topical medicinal preparations were reported. Folk knowledge was found to be influenced by the media, particularly popular books about medicinal plants that were published in the 20th century. CONCLUSIONS The present research documents the folk use of medicinal plants in Karst and Gorjanci, Slovenia. This rapidly changing practice needs to be documented before it disappears or changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateja Lumpert
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Samo Kreft
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva cesta 7, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Bruyere BL, Trimarco J, Lemungesi S. A comparison of traditional plant knowledge between students and herders in northern Kenya. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2016; 12:48. [PMID: 27737694 PMCID: PMC5064920 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-016-0121-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Samburu region of northern Kenya is undergoing significant change, driven by factors including greater value on formal education, improvements in infrastructure and development, a shift from community to private ownership of land, increased sedentary lifestyles and global climate change. One outcome of these changes are an increasingly greater likelihood for adolescent boys to be enrolled in school rather than herding livestock on behalf of the family in a landscape shared with numerous native vegetation and wildlife species. METHODS This study compared identification and knowledge of native plant species between boys enrolled in school with boys of similar age but primary responsibility as herders, called moran. Study participants walked an approximately 100 m path with 10 flagged points in which they were asked to identify any plant species at that point and associated facts of each species, within a 1 m radius. RESULTS On average, moran identified 38 species compared to 20 for students, including nearly 13 (of a possible 15) species considered to have high cultural significance. Students identified an average of 8.6 culturally-significant plants. Further, moran shared nearly 18 correct facts about the plants, compared with ten for students. In addition, herding frequency was the only significant predictor of plant identification in a linear regression. CONCLUSION The results demonstrate that while formal education undoubtedly provides benefits to students, attendance in school in lieu of the traditional role of herders has consequences on young men in Samburu related to ability to identify native and culturally-significant plants. This further shows the importance for communities like those in Samburu undergoing change need to develop alternative options to transmit local traditional knowledge to its younger generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett L. Bruyere
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Department, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Jonathan Trimarco
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Department, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
| | - Saruni Lemungesi
- Human Dimensions of Natural Resources Department, Colorado State University, 1480 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523 USA
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Kujawska M. Forms of medical pluralism among the Polish Community in Misiones, Argentina. Anthropol Med 2016; 23:205-19. [DOI: 10.1080/13648470.2016.1180580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Jeffery L, Rotter R. Sustenance, nourishment, and cultivation: plants as living cultural heritage for dispersed Chagossians in Mauritius, Seychelles, and the UK. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL ANTHROPOLOGICAL INSTITUTE 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/1467-9655.12402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Jeffery
- School of Social and Political Science; University of Edinburgh; Chrystal Macmillan Building, 15a George Square Edinburgh EH8 9LD UK
| | - Rebecca Rotter
- School of History, Classics and Archaeology; University of Edinburgh; William Robertson Wing, Old Medical School, Teviot Place Edinburgh EH8 9AG UK
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Lima DCDO, Ramos MA, da Silva HCH, Alves AGC. Rapid assessment of insect fauna based on local knowledge: comparing ecological and ethnobiological methods. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2016; 12:15. [PMID: 26932264 PMCID: PMC4774136 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-016-0085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rapid assessment of biodiversity making use of surveys of local knowledge has been successful for different biological taxa. However, there are no reports on the testing of such tools for sampling insect fauna. The present study aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different ethnobiological techniques for rapid sampling of insect fauna. METHODS Field research for the conventional survey of insect fauna was conducted on a private farm (9 ° 43'38.95 "S, 37 ° 45'11.97" W) , where there was intensive cultivation of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench)). The survey of local entomological knowledge was conducted among all the producers of okra living in the rural villages Pereira, Santa Luzia, and Nassau de Souza, within the Jacaré Curituba irrigated settlement scheme. The combined use of the techniques "free list" and projective interviews was analyzed, using two types of visual stimuli: stock photos and an entomological box. RESULTS During the conventional survey of insect fauna, the species Bemisia tabaci biotype B, Aphis gossypii, Phenacoccus sp., Icerya purchasi and Lagria villosa were the primary pests found in the okra crop. Regarding the survey of insect pests, the results were convergent in both techniques (conventional sampling and free list). Comparing the interview with visual stimuli (pictures) and specimen witnesses (entomological box) revealed that the latter was more effective. CONCLUSION Techniques based on the recording and analysis of local knowledge about insects are effective for quick sampling of pest insects, but ineffective in sampling predator insects. The utilization of collected insects, infested branches, or photos of the symptoms of damage caused by pests in projective interviews is recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Cristina de Oliveira Lima
- Graduate Program in Ethnobiology and Nature Conservation (PPGEtno), Federal Rural University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Marcelo Alves Ramos
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), Campus Mata Norte, Nazaré da Mata, Pernambuco, Brazil.
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Geng Y, Zhang Y, Ranjitkar S, Huai H, Wang Y. Traditional knowledge and its transmission of wild edibles used by the Naxi in Baidi Village, northwest Yunnan province. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2016; 12:10. [PMID: 26846564 PMCID: PMC4743116 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-016-0082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The collection and consumption of wild edibles is an important part in livelihood strategies throughout the world. There is an urgent need to document and safeguard the wild food knowledge, especially in remote areas. The aims of this study are to accomplish detailed investigation of wild edibles used by the Naxi in Baidi village and evaluate them to identify innovative organic food products. Also, we aim to explore the characteristics of distribution and transmission of the traditional knowledge (TK) on wild edibles among the Naxi. METHODS Data was collected through a semi-structured interview of key informants above the age of 20 years, chosen carefully by a snowball sampling. The interviews were supplemented by free lists and participatory observation methods. Informants below 20 years were interviewed to test their knowledge of traditional practices. A quantitative index like Cultural Importance Index (CI) was used to evaluate the relative importance of the different wild edibles. Linear regression and t-test were performed to test variation in the TK among the informants of different age groups and genders. RESULTS Altogether 173 wild edible plant species belonging to 76 families and 139 genera were recorded in the study. Cardamine macrophylla, C. tangutorum and Eutrema yunnanense, have traditionally been consumed as an important supplement to the diet, particularly during food shortages as wild vegetables. The age was found to have a significant effect on TK, but there was no significant difference between male and female informant in knowledge abundance. The traditional food knowledge was dynamic and affected by social factors. Also, it was descending partly among younger generations in Baidi. CONCLUSION Baidi village is a prime example of a rapidly changing community where local traditions compete with modern ways of life. Overall, this study provides a deeper understanding of the Naxi peoples' knowledge on wild edibles. Some wild edibles might have an interesting dietary constituent, which need in-depth studies. Such detail studies can help to promote the market in one hand and protect TK in the other. Protecting TK from disappearing in succeeding generations is necessary, and understanding the dynamics of TK is one important solution to this dilemma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Geng
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Sailesh Ranjitkar
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
- World Agroforestry Centre East and Central Asia, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Huyin Huai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Yuhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650201, China.
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Arı S, Temel M, Kargıoğlu M, Konuk M. Ethnobotanical survey of plants used in Afyonkarahisar-Turkey. JOURNAL OF ETHNOBIOLOGY AND ETHNOMEDICINE 2015; 11:84. [PMID: 26701098 PMCID: PMC4690277 DOI: 10.1186/s13002-015-0067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 10/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The traditional knowledge about plants and their uses in Turkey is disappearing in recent years because the new generations of villagers migrate to big cities for a better life. Afyonkarahisar located at the intersection of roads and phytogeographical regions (Mediterranean, Iran-Turan, and Euro-Siberian) has more than 2500 plant species. This richness of plant diversity promotes the indigenous commuity for the traditional use of wild plants. The aim of the study is to show wild plants' ethnobotanical usages associated with medicinal, food, fodder, and household goods in 31 settlements within the boundaries of Afyonkarahisar province. METHODS The ethnobotanical data were collected from 46 informants by means of semi-structured interviews from 2012 to 2014. Ethnobotanical uses of plants of the study area were conducted in the vicinity of Afyonkarahisar (5 districts, 8 towns, 15 villages, and 3 neighborhood centers). RESULTS One hundred and thirty plant taxa belonging to 39 families were recorded and collected. Hundred and seventy-eight different uses of these plants were documented and used generally for medicinal (84), food (68), fodder (16), household goods (3), dyes (3), handicrafts (3) and religious (1). CONCLUSION This study provides interesting uses of plants in the local community of Afyonkarahisar and its surrounding area, in what purpose they make use of plants, how they make use of them and obtained results will contribute to economy of villagers. Since the local people, especially in villages, are poor and do not have health care, they use the plants to treat illnesses, food, fodder, household goods and other uses (evil eye). Also this study will light the way for posterity for next generations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Süleyman Arı
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science & Arts Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Temel
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science & Arts Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Mustafa Kargıoğlu
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Science & Arts Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200, Afyonkarahisar, Turkey.
| | - Muhsin Konuk
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Üsküdar University, 34662, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Saklani K, Singh S, Purohit VK, Prasad P, Nautiyal AR. In vitro propagation of Rudraksha (Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Gaertn.) K. Schum): a biotechnological approach for conservation. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2015; 21:611-5. [PMID: 26600688 PMCID: PMC4646877 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-015-0316-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Revised: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The species Elaeocarpus sphaericus (Rudraksha) is a religious, medicinally important threatened tree of India. An efficient micropropagation protocol has been developed from nodal explants of this plant species collected from north-east India for large scale production of planting material at favourable sites within the country. Best shoot initiation occurred in MS medium supplemented with 2.2μM BA+2.2μM Kn in combination. Addition of Casein Hydrolysate (CH) (100mg/L) increased the shoot number. Microshoots excised and subcultured in 2.0μM BA further enhanced growth and multiplication. The shoot cultures were maintained in this concentration for 2years with subculturing at 6weeks interval. MS medium containing 5.0μM NAA was most effective for rooting. Successfully acclimatized plants (80%) showed normal growth under suitable habitat conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumud Saklani
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand 24 6 174 India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand 24 6 174 India
| | - Vijay K. Purohit
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand 24 6 174 India
| | - P. Prasad
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand 24 6 174 India
| | - A. R. Nautiyal
- High Altitude Plant Physiology Research Centre (HAPPRC), H.N.B. Garhwal University, Srinagar (Garhwal), Uttarakhand 24 6 174 India
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Kujawska M, Pardo-de-Santayana M. Management of medicinally useful plants by European migrants in South America. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 172:347-55. [PMID: 26129939 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2015.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2015] [Revised: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Using the example of Polish migrants living in the subtropics of Argentina, we attempt to expand knowledge about migrant strategies for retaining their agency in medicinal plant procurement. AIM OF THE STUDY Is to state which environments play a pivotal role as a source of medicinal plants for the study community, and if a gradient of relevance exists in the exploitation of medicinally useful species between the most proximate and the most distant habitats. We particularly aim to answer the following questions: (1) if Polish migrants have changed their patterns of obtaining medicinal plants during the migratory process; and (2) if the choice of strategies for medicinal plants depends on: (a) the degree of floristic and environmental similarity between the home and host country; (b) the perception and usefulness of certain environments as a source of medicinal plants; (c) the degree of contact with the local population in the host country, and/or (d) the degree of contact between migrants and their homeland. MATERIAL AND METHODS The analysis is grounded in data from different types of interviews and a homegarden inventory addressed to 72 study participants. Voucher specimens of species mentioned were gathered and identified. Two indices were used as proxy measures: (1) the number of species obtained from each habitat, and (2) the number of citations for both modes and places of obtaining medicinal plants. RESULTS Due to different flora found in Argentina, Polish migrants could reconstruct only bits and pieces of their native pharmacopoeia. They could not acquire medicinal plants either from relatives in Poland or via importation. Therefore they had to develop new strategies for securing medicinal resources. During the migratory process, Poles in Misiones changed forms and places of obtaining medicinal plants. Cultivated species from homegardens play the most important role, while in the native country homegarden species were used sparsely. The second most important environment for medicinal plant procurement is the forest, whose exploitation was increased by contact with local mestizos and indigenous groups. CONCLUSIONS This study clearly shows that traditional knowledge can be adaptive and resilient. New species have been selected and incorporated from mestizos, and indigenous people, and at the same time the use of some legacy plants has been preserved. The importance of home gardens as a venue for medicinal plants is another facet of this adaptive process. Traditional knowledge is resilient too, because despite the many changes that have occurred, Polish people have maintained phytotherapy as their preferred form of treating ailments, and managed to retain certain species brought from Europe as the most relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kujawska
- Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Lodz, ul. Pomorska 149/153, 91-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Manuel Pardo-de-Santayana
- Departamento de Biología (Botánica), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Darwin 2, Campus de Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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Kujawska M, Łuczaj Ł. Wild Edible Plants Used by the Polish Community in Misiones, Argentina. HUMAN ECOLOGY: AN INTERDISCIPLINARY JOURNAL 2015; 43:855-869. [PMID: 26691861 PMCID: PMC4673098 DOI: 10.1007/s10745-015-9790-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
We studied the cultural significance of wild edible plants for Eastern European migrants who settled in rural subtropical areas of South America. In 50 interviews with Polish migrants and their descendants in northern Misiones, Argentina, we recorded the use of 41 botanical species and two mushroom taxa. Different cultural significance indices were applied and sociodemographic factors such as gender, age and origin were addressed. Out of the ten most salient species, nine were fruits (Eugenia uniflora, Eugenia involucrata, Rollinia salicifolia, Campomanesia xanthocarpa, Syagrus romanzoffiana, Allophylus edulis, Plinia peruviana, Plinia rivularis, Eugenia pyriformis) and only one was a green vegetable (Hypochaeris chillensis). None of our informants reported famine foods, recreational teas or condiments. Men mentioned more wild edible species than women due to their more extensive knowledge of the forest plants growing further from settlements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kujawska
- />Institute of Ethnology and Cultural Anthropology, University of Lodz, Pomorska 149/153, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łuczaj
- />Department of Botany, Institute of Applied Biotechnology and Basic Science, University of Reszów, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland
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