1
|
Burns K, Mullin BH, Moolhuijsen LME, Laisk T, Tyrmi JS, Cui J, Actkins KV, Louwers YV, Davis LK, Dudbridge F, Azziz R, Goodarzi MO, Laivuori H, Mägi R, Visser JA, Laven JSE, Wilson SG, Day FR, Stuckey BGA. Body mass index stratified meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of polycystic ovary syndrome in women of European ancestry. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:208. [PMID: 38408933 PMCID: PMC10895801 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-09990-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a complex multifactorial disorder with a substantial genetic component. However, the clinical manifestations of PCOS are heterogeneous with notable differences between lean and obese women, implying a different pathophysiology manifesting in differential body mass index (BMI). We performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association study (GWAS) data from six well-characterised cohorts, using a case-control study design stratified by BMI, aiming to identify genetic variants associated with lean and overweight/obese PCOS subtypes. RESULTS The study comprised 254,588 women (5,937 cases and 248,651 controls) from individual studies performed in Australia, Estonia, Finland, the Netherlands and United States of America, and separated according to three BMI stratifications (lean, overweight and obese). Genome-wide association analyses were performed for each stratification within each cohort, with the data for each BMI group meta-analysed using METAL software. Almost half of the total study population (47%, n = 119,584) were of lean BMI (≤ 25 kg/m2). Two genome-wide significant loci were identified for lean PCOS, led by rs12000707 within DENND1A (P = 1.55 × 10-12) and rs2228260 within XBP1 (P = 3.68 × 10-8). One additional locus, LINC02905, was highlighted as significantly associated with lean PCOS through gene-based analyses (P = 1.76 × 10-6). There were no significant loci observed for the overweight or obese sub-strata when analysed separately, however, when these strata were combined, an association signal led by rs569675099 within DENND1A reached genome-wide significance (P = 3.22 × 10-9) and a gene-based association was identified with ERBB4 (P = 1.59 × 10-6). Nineteen of 28 signals identified in previous GWAS, were replicated with consistent allelic effect in the lean stratum. There were less replicated signals in the overweight and obese groups, and only 4 SNPs were replicated in each of the three BMI strata. CONCLUSIONS Genetic variation at the XBP1, LINC02905 and ERBB4 loci were associated with PCOS within unique BMI strata, while DENND1A demonstrated associations across multiple strata, providing evidence of both distinct and shared genetic features between lean and overweight/obese PCOS-affected women. This study demonstrated that PCOS-affected women with contrasting body weight are not only phenotypically distinct but also show variation in genetic architecture; lean PCOS women typically display elevated gonadotrophin ratios, lower insulin resistance, higher androgen levels, including adrenal androgens, and more favourable lipid profiles. Overall, these findings add to the growing body of evidence supporting a genetic basis for PCOS as well as differences in genetic patterns relevant to PCOS BMI-subtype.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kharis Burns
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia.
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia.
| | - Benjamin H Mullin
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Loes M E Moolhuijsen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaakko S Tyrmi
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Jinrui Cui
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ky'Era V Actkins
- Epidemiology Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Yvonne V Louwers
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lea K Davis
- Division of Genetic Medicine, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
- Vanderbilt Genetics Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Frank Dudbridge
- Population Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ricardo Azziz
- Obstetrics & Gynecology, Medicine, and Healthcare Organization & Policy, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Mark O Goodarzi
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Center for Child, Adolescent and Maternal Health Research, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, FIMM, hiLIFE, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Center, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jenny A Visser
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joop S E Laven
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Scott G Wilson
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Felix R Day
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK
| | - Bronwyn G A Stuckey
- Medical School, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Keogh Institute for Medical Research, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Xu L, Wu Y, Yang X, Pang X, Wu Y, Li X, Liu X, Zhao Y, Yu L, Wang P, Ye B, Jiang S, Ma J, Zhang X. The Fe-S cluster biosynthesis in Enterococcus faecium is essential for anaerobic growth and gastrointestinal colonization. Gut Microbes 2024; 16:2359665. [PMID: 38831611 PMCID: PMC11152105 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2024.2359665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacterium Enterococcus faecium is a ubiquitous member of the human gut microbiota. However, it has gradually evolved into a pathogenic and multidrug resistant lineage that causes nosocomial infections. The establishment of high-level intestinal colonization by enterococci represents a critical step of infection. The majority of current research on Enterococcus has been conducted under aerobic conditions, while limited attention has been given to its physiological characteristics in anaerobic environments, which reflects its natural colonization niche in the gut. In this study, a high-density transposon mutant library containing 26,620 distinct insertion sites was constructed. Tn-seq analysis identified six genes that significantly contribute to growth under anaerobic conditions. Under anaerobic conditions, deletion of sufB (encoding Fe-S cluster assembly protein B) results in more extensive and significant impairments on carbohydrate metabolism compared to aerobic conditions. Consistently, the pathways involved in this utilization-restricted carbohydrates were mostly expressed at significantly lower levels in mutant compared to wild-type under anaerobic conditions. Moreover, deletion of sufB or pflA (encoding pyruvate formate lyase-activating protein A) led to failure of gastrointestinal colonization in mice. These findings contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms by which E. faecium maintains proliferation under anaerobic conditions and establishes colonization in the gut.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linan Xu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Yajing Wu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiangpeng Yang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xinxin Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yansha Wu
- Institute of Edible Fungi, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingshuai Li
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xiayu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuzhong Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Lumin Yu
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Peikun Wang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Bin Ye
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Shijin Jiang
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an, China
| | - Junfei Ma
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xinglin Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Forestry, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Tyrmi JS, Arffman RK, Pujol-Gualdo N, Kurra V, Morin-Papunen L, Sliz E, Piltonen TT, Laisk T, Kettunen J, Laivuori H. Leveraging Northern European population history: novel low-frequency variants for polycystic ovary syndrome. Hum Reprod 2022; 37:352-365. [PMID: 34791234 PMCID: PMC8804330 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Can we identify novel variants associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) by leveraging the unique population history of Northern Europe? SUMMARY ANSWER We identified three novel genome-wide significant associations with PCOS, with two putative independent causal variants in the checkpoint kinase 2 (CHEK2) gene and a third in myosin X (MYO10). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY PCOS is a common, complex disorder with unknown aetiology. While previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have mapped several loci associated with PCOS, the analysis of populations with unique population history and genetic makeup has the potential to uncover new low-frequency variants with larger effects. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A population-based case-control GWAS was carried out. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS We identified PCOS cases from national registers by ICD codes (ICD-10 E28.2, ICD-9 256.4, or ICD-8 256.90), and all remaining women were considered controls. We then conducted a three-stage case-control GWAS: in the discovery phase, we had a total of 797 cases and 140 558 controls from the FinnGen study. For validation, we used an independent dataset from the Estonian Biobank, including 2812 cases and 89 230 controls. Finally, we performed a joint meta-analysis of 3609 cases and 229 788 controls from both cohorts. Additionally, we reran the association analyses including BMI as a covariate, with 2169 cases and 160 321 controls from both cohorts. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Two out of the three novel genome-wide significant variants associating with PCOS, rs145598156 (P = 3.6×10-8, odds ratio (OR) = 3.01 [2.02-4.50] minor allele frequency (MAF) = 0.005) and rs182075939 (P = 1.9×10-16, OR = 1.69 [1.49-1.91], MAF = 0.04), were found to be enriched in the Finnish and Estonian populations and are tightly linked to a deletion c.1100delC (r2 = 0.95) and a missense I157T (r2 = 0.83) in CHEK2. The third novel association is a common variant near MYO10 (rs9312937, P = 1.7 × 10-8, OR = 1.16 [1.10-1.23], MAF = 0.44). We also replicated four previous reported associations near the genes Erb-B2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinase 4 (ERBB4), DENN Domain Containing 1A (DENND1A), FSH Subunit Beta (FSHB) and Zinc Finger And BTB Domain Containing 16 (ZBTB16). When adding BMI as a covariate only one of the novel variants remained genome-wide significant in the meta-analysis (the EstBB lead signal in CHEK2 rs182075939, P = 1.9×10-16, OR = 1.74 [1.5-2.01]) possibly owing to reduced sample size. LARGE SCALE DATA The age- and BMI-adjusted GWAS meta-analysis summary statistics are available for download from the GWAS Catalog with accession numbers GCST90044902 and GCST90044903. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The main limitation was the low prevalence of PCOS in registers; however, the ones with the diagnosis most likely represent the most severe cases. Also, BMI data were not available for all (63% for FinnGen, 76% for EstBB), and the biobank setting limited the accessibility of PCOS phenotypes and laboratory values. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study encourages the use of isolated populations to perform genetic association studies for the identification of rare variants contributing to the genetic landscape of complex diseases such as PCOS. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the MATER Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 813707 (N.P.-G., T.L., T.P.), the Estonian Research Council grant (PRG687, T.L.), the Academy of Finland grants 315921 (T.P.), 321763 (T.P.), 297338 (J.K.), 307247 (J.K.), 344695 (H.L.), Novo Nordisk Foundation grant NNF17OC0026062 (J.K.), the Sigrid Juselius Foundation project grants (T.L., J.K., T.P.), Finska Läkaresällskapet (H.L.) and Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation (H.L.). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, publishing or preparation of the manuscript. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaakko S Tyrmi
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Natàlia Pujol-Gualdo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Venla Kurra
- Department of Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Laure Morin-Papunen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Eeva Sliz
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Triin Laisk
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Johannes Kettunen
- Computational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hannele Laivuori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University Hospital and Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Medical and Clinical Genetics, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute of Life Science, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Pescador-Tapia A, Silva-Martínez GA, Fragoso-Bargas N, Rodríguez-Ríos D, Esteller M, Moran S, Zaina S, Lund G. Distinct Associations of BMI and Fatty Acids With DNA Methylation in Fasting and Postprandial States in Men. Front Genet 2021; 12:665769. [PMID: 34025721 PMCID: PMC8138173 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.665769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that blood global DNA methylation (DNAm) differs between postprandial state (PS) and fasting state (FS) and is associated with BMI and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) (negatively and positively, respectively) in 12 metabolically healthy adult Mexican men (AMM cohort) equally distributed among conventional BMI classes. Here, we detailed those associations at CpG dinucleotide level by exploiting the Infinium methylation EPIC array (Illumina). We sought differentially methylated CpG (dmCpG) that were (1) associated with BMI (BMI-dmCpG) and/or fatty acids (FA) (FA-dmCpG) in FS or PS and (2) different across FS and PS within a BMI class. BMI-dmCpG and FA-dmCpG were more numerous in FS compared to PS and largely prandial state-specific. For saturated and monounsaturated FA, dmCpG overlap was higher across than within the respective saturation group. Several BMI- and FA-dmCpG mapped to genes involved in metabolic disease and in some cases matched published experimental data sets. Notably, SETDB1 and MTHFS promoter dmCpG could explain the previously observed associations between global DNAm, PUFA content, and BMI in FS. Surprisingly, overlap between BMI-dmCpG and FA-dmCpG was limited and the respective dmCpG were differentially distributed across functional genomic elements. BMI-dmCpG showed the highest overlap with dmCpG of the saturated FA palmitate, monounsaturated C20:1 and PUFA C20:2. Of these, selected promoter BMI-dmCpG showed opposite associations with palmitate compared to C20:1 and C20:2. As for the comparison between FS and PS within BMI classes, dmCpG were strikingly more abundant and variably methylated in overweight relative to normoweight or obese subjects (∼70–139-fold, respectively). Overweight-associated dmCpG-hosting genes were significantly enriched in targets for E47, SREBP1, and RREB1 transcription factors, which are known players in obesity and lipid homeostasis, but none overlapped with BMI-dmCpG. We show for the first time that the association of BMI and FA with methylation of disease-related genes is distinct in FS and PS and that limited overlap exists between BMI- and FA-dmCpG within and across prandial states. Our study also identifies a transcriptional regulation circuitry in overweight that might contribute to adaptation to that condition or to transition to obesity. Further work is necessary to define the pathophysiological implications of these findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guillermo A Silva-Martínez
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico.,Celaya Technological Institute, Celaya, Mexico
| | | | | | - Manel Esteller
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute (IJC), Barcelona, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Cancer (CIBERONC), Madrid, Spain.,Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain.,Physiological Sciences Department, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Silvio Zaina
- Department of Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, Leon Campus, University of Guanajuato, Leon, Mexico
| | - Gertrud Lund
- Department of Genetic Engineering, CINVESTAV Irapuato Unit, Irapuato, Mexico
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Current Knowledge about Mechanisms of Drug Resistance against ALK Inhibitors in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13040699. [PMID: 33572278 PMCID: PMC7915291 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13040699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Lung cancer is a devastating disease, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common subtype. With the development of novel targeted therapeutics, survival times have continuously improved over the past two decades. In a subset of NSCLC, gene rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), or gene fusions involving ALK, can be determined. ALK-inhibitors are increasingly used as a standard of care in patients with ALK gene abnormalities, and can also be administered as first-line treatment in advanced-stage NSCLC. However, over the disease course, cancers tend to develop resistance mechanisms, warranting the switch from first- to second- or third-generation ALK inhibitors. With this literature review, we aim to give a concise overview about these resistance mechanisms, and what kind of sequential treatment may be feasible if therapy failure upon an ALK inhibitor occurs. Abstract Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for the majority of lung cancer subtypes. Two to seven percent of NSCLC patients harbor gene rearrangements of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene or, alternatively, harbor chromosomal fusions of ALK with echinoderm microtubule-associated protein-like 4 (EML4). The availability of tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting ALK (ALK-TKIs) has significantly improved the progression-free and overall survival of NSCLC patients carrying the respective genetic aberrations. Yet, increasing evidence shows that primary or secondary resistance to ALK-inhibitors during the course of treatment represents a relevant clinical problem. This necessitates a switch to second- or third-generation ALK-TKIs and a close observation of NSCLC patients on ALK-TKIs during the course of treatment by repetitive molecular testing. With this review of the literature, we aim at providing an overview of current knowledge about resistance mechanisms to ALK-TKIs in NSCLC.
Collapse
|
6
|
Michelini S, Chiurazzi P, Marino V, Dell’Orco D, Manara E, Baglivo M, Fiorentino A, Maltese PE, Pinelli M, Herbst KL, Dautaj A, Bertelli M. Aldo-Keto Reductase 1C1 ( AKR1C1) as the First Mutated Gene in a Family with Nonsyndromic Primary Lipedema. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21176264. [PMID: 32872468 PMCID: PMC7503355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipedema is an often underdiagnosed chronic disorder that affects subcutaneous adipose tissue almost exclusively in women, which leads to disproportionate fat accumulation in the lower and upper body extremities. Common comorbidities include anxiety, depression, and pain. The correlation between mood disorder and subcutaneous fat deposition suggests the involvement of steroids metabolism and neurohormones signaling, however no clear association has been established so far. In this study, we report on a family with three patients affected by sex-limited autosomal dominant nonsyndromic lipedema. They had been screened by whole exome sequencing (WES) which led to the discovery of a missense variant p.(Leu213Gln) in AKR1C1, the gene encoding for an aldo-keto reductase catalyzing the reduction of progesterone to its inactive form, 20-α-hydroxyprogesterone. Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of the wild-type vs. variant enzyme, corroborated by a thorough structural and functional bioinformatic analysis, suggest a partial loss-of-function of the variant. This would result in a slower and less efficient reduction of progesterone to hydroxyprogesterone and an increased subcutaneous fat deposition in variant carriers. Overall, our results suggest that AKR1C1 is the first candidate gene associated with nonsyndromic lipedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Michelini
- Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, Ospedale San Giovanni Battista, A.C.I.S.M.O.M., 00148 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.)
| | - Pietro Chiurazzi
- Istituto di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A.Gemelli” IRCCS, UOC Genetica Medica, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Valerio Marino
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Biomedicina e Movimento, Sezione di Chimica Biologica, Università di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (V.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Daniele Dell’Orco
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Biomedicina e Movimento, Sezione di Chimica Biologica, Università di Verona, 37134 Verona, Italy; (V.M.); (D.D.)
| | - Elena Manara
- MAGI Euregio, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Alessandro Fiorentino
- Dipartimento di Riabilitazione, Ospedale San Giovanni Battista, A.C.I.S.M.O.M., 00148 Rome, Italy; (S.M.); (A.F.)
| | | | - Michele Pinelli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, Sezione di Pediatria, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Telethon Institute of Genetics and Medicine (TIGEM), 80078 Pozzuoli, Italy
| | - Karen Louise Herbst
- Departments of Medicine, Pharmacy, Medical Imaging, Division of Endocrinology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;
| | | | - Matteo Bertelli
- MAGI Euregio, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (E.M.); (M.B.)
- EBTNA-Lab, 38068 Rovereto, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Ribosome is a vital molecular machine for protein translation in the cell. Defects in several ribosomal proteins including RPS19, RPL11 and RPS14 have been observed in two types of anemia: Diamond Blackfan Anemia and 5q- syndrome. In zebrafish, deficiency of these ribosomal proteins shows similar anemic phenotype. It remains to be determined if any other ribosome proteins are similarly involved in regulating erythropoiesis. Here we generated mutations in zebrafish rps9, a rarely studied ribosomal protein gene, and investigated its function. Analysis of this mutant demonstrates that rps9 disruption leads to impairment of erythrocyte maturation, resulting in anemia. In addition, the overall phenotype including the anemic state is p53-dependent in rps9 mutants. Furthermore, this anemic state can be partially relieved by the treatment of L-leucine, and dexamethasone, which have been previously used in rescuing the phenotype of other ribosomal protein mutants. Finally, by comparing the phenotype, we show that there are considerable differences in morphology, cytomorphology, and hemoglobin levels for four ribosomal protein mutants in zebrafish. Based on the observed difference, we suggest that the level of anemic severity correlates with the delayed status of erythrocyte maturation in zebrafish models.
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu NN, Zhao D, Ma W, Lang JN, Liu SM, Fu Y, Wang X, Wang ZW, Li Q. A genome-wide association study of gestational diabetes mellitus in Chinese women. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019; 34:1557-1564. [PMID: 31269844 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2019.1640205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) exhibits an obvious trend of increase in pregnant mothers and usually causes several abnormities or diseases for the offspring. Although several studies have been reported for potential molecular mechanisms, relevant genes or mutated sites have not been intensively investigated in China. MATERIALS AND METHODS In the present study, 218 pregnant mothers (GDM group: 103 individuals and control group: 115 individuals) in China were enrolled to conduct genome-wide association study (GWAS) and pathway analyses for the purpose of related genes associated with GDM in China. RESULTS Our results identified 23 SNPs exhibiting closely association with GDM using multiple tests. Annotation of these 23 SNPs identified four genes (SYNPR, CDH18, CTIF, and PTGIS), which suggests that the four genes may associate with GDM. GO enrichment and KEGG pathway analysis showed that gene SYNPR, CDH18, and PTGIS were enriched or located into the pathways or process associated with glycometabolism (e.g. insulin resistance and glucose tolerance), which further indicates that the three genes may associate with the GDM. CONCLUSION The identification of these potential genes associating with GDM enriched the potential molecular mechanisms of GDM in Asia and will provide abundant stocks for subsequent clinical verifications for better understanding the molecular mechanisms, diagnosis, drug development and clinical treatment of GDM.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan-Nan Wu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the 2nd Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China.,Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jia-Nan Lang
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Si-Mo Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zong-Wei Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Prevention and Research, Lu He hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the 2nd Hospital Affiliated of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Denis RGP, Busi F, Castel J, Morel C, Zhang W, Bui LC, Sugamori KS, Prokopec SD, Boutros PC, Grant DM, Rodrigues-Lima F, Luquet S, Dupret JM. A readout of metabolic efficiency in arylamine N-acetyltransferase-deficient mice reveals minor energy metabolism changes. FEBS Lett 2019; 593:831-841. [PMID: 30883722 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.13357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent studies have revealed a possible link between the activities of polymorphic arylamine N-acetyltransferases (NATs) and energy metabolism. We used a Nat1/Nat2 double knockout (KO) mouse model to demonstrate that ablation of the two Nat genes is associated with modest, intermittent alterations in respiratory exchange rate. Pyruvate tolerance tests show that double KO mice have attenuated hepatic gluconeogenesis when maintained on a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. Absence of the two Nat genes also leads to an increase in the hepatic concentration of coenzyme A in mice fed a high-fat/high-sucrose diet. Our results suggest a modest involvement of NAT in energy metabolism in mice, which is consistent with the absence of major phenotypic deregulation of energy metabolism in slow human acetylators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raphaël G P Denis
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Florent Busi
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Julien Castel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Chloé Morel
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France.,School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, China
| | - Linh-Chi Bui
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Kim S Sugamori
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Paul C Boutros
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Canada.,Ontario Institute for Cancer Research, Toronto, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Canada
| | - Denis M Grant
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, University of Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Serge Luquet
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Marie Dupret
- Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Unité BFA, CNRS, UMR 8251, Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
The metabolic network coherence of human transcriptomes is associated with genetic variation at the cadherin 18 locus. Hum Genet 2019; 138:375-388. [PMID: 30852652 PMCID: PMC6483969 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-019-01994-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic coherence (MC) is a network-based approach to dimensionality reduction that can be used, for example, to interpret the joint expression of genes linked to human metabolism. Computationally, the derivation of 'transcriptomic' MC involves mapping of an individual gene expression profile onto a gene-centric network derived beforehand from a metabolic network (currently Recon2), followed by the determination of the connectivity of a particular, profile-specific subnetwork. The biological significance of MC has been exemplified previously in the context of human inflammatory bowel disease, among others, but the genetic architecture of this quantitative cellular trait is still unclear. Therefore, we performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of MC in the 1000 Genomes/ GEUVADIS data (n = 457) and identified a solitary genome-wide significant association with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the intronic region of the cadherin 18 (CDH18) gene on chromosome 5 (lead SNP: rs11744487, p = 1.2 × 10- 8). Cadherin 18 is a transmembrane protein involved in human neural development and cell-to-cell signaling. Notably, genetic variation at the CDH18 locus has been associated with metabolic syndrome-related traits before. Replication of our genome-wide significant GWAS result was successful in another population study from the Netherlands (BIOS, n = 2661; lead SNP), but failed in two additional studies (KORA, Germany, n = 711; GENOA, USA, n = 411). Besides sample size issues, we surmise that these discrepant findings may be attributable to technical differences. While 1000 Genomes/GEUVADIS and BIOS gene expression profiles were generated by RNA sequencing, the KORA and GENOA data were microarray-based. In addition to providing first evidence for a link between regional genetic variation and a metabolism-related characteristic of human transcriptomes, our findings highlight the benefit of adopting a systems biology-oriented approach to molecular data analysis.
Collapse
|
11
|
Non-Smoking-Associated Lung Cancer: A distinct Entity in Terms of Tumor Biology, Patient Characteristics and Impact of Hereditary Cancer Predisposition. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11020204. [PMID: 30744199 PMCID: PMC6406530 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11020204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in non-, and especially in never-smoking patients is considered a biologically unique type of lung cancer, since risk factors and tumorigenic conditions, other than tobacco smoke, come into play. In this review article, we comprehensively searched and summarized the current literature with the aim to outline what exactly triggers lung cancer in non-smokers. Changes in the tumor microenvironment, distinct driver genes and genetic pathway alterations that are specific for non-smoking patients, as well as lifestyle-related risk factors apart from tobacco smoke are critically discussed. The data we have reviewed highlights once again the importance of personalized cancer therapy, i.e., careful molecular and genetic assessment of the tumor to provide tailored treatment options with optimum chances of good response-especially for the subgroups of never-smokers.
Collapse
|
12
|
Humanity in a Dish: Population Genetics with iPSCs. Trends Cell Biol 2017; 28:46-57. [PMID: 29054332 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2017.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are powerful tools for investigating the relationship between genotype and phenotype. Recent publications have described iPSC cohort studies of common genetic variants and their effects on gene expression and cellular phenotypes. These in vitro quantitative trait locus (QTL) studies are the first experiments in a new paradigm with great potential: iPSC-based functional population genetic studies. iPSC collections from large cohorts are currently under development to facilitate the next wave of these studies, which have the potential to discover the effects of common genetic variants on cellular phenotypes and to uncover the molecular basis of common genetic diseases. Here, we describe the recent advances in this developing field, and provide a road map for future in vitro functional population genetic studies and trial-in-a-dish experiments.
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhang D, Zhang H, Chu S, Li H, Chi Y, Triebwasser-Freese D, Lv H, Yu D. Integrating QTL mapping and transcriptomics identifies candidate genes underlying QTLs associated with soybean tolerance to low-phosphorus stress. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 93:137-150. [PMID: 27815671 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-016-0552-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Soybean is a high phosphorus (P) demand species that is sensitive to low-P stress. Although many quantitative trait loci (QTL) for P efficiency have been identified in soybean, but few of these have been cloned and agriculturally applied mainly due to various limitations on identifying suitable P efficiency candidate genes. Here, we combined QTL mapping, transcriptome profiling, and plant transformation to identify candidate genes underlying QTLs associated with low-P tolerance and response mechanisms to low-P stress in soybean. By performing QTL linkage mapping using 152 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) that were derived from a cross between a P-efficient variety, Nannong 94-156, and P-sensitive Bogao, we identified four major QTLs underlying P efficiency. Within these four QTL regions, 34/81 candidate genes in roots/leaves were identified using comparative transcriptome analysis between two transgressive RILs, low-P tolerant genotype B20 and sensitive B18. A total of 22 phosphatase family genes were up-regulated significantly under low-P condition in B20. Overexpression of an acid phosphatase candidate gene, GmACP2, in soybean hairy roots increased P efficiency by 15.43-24.54 % compared with that in controls. Our results suggest that integrating QTL mapping and transcriptome profiling could be useful for rapidly identifying candidate genes underlying complex traits, and phosphatase-encoding genes, such as GmACP2, play important roles involving in low-P stress tolerance in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hengyou Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223-0001, USA
| | - Shanshan Chu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyan Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingjun Chi
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Daniella Triebwasser-Freese
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd, Charlotte, NC, 28223-0001, USA
| | - Haiyan Lv
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Grain Crops, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002, Henan Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Deyue Yu
- National Center for Soybean Improvement, National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Noto D, Cefalù AB, Barbagallo CM, Ganci A, Cavera G, Fayer F, Palesano O, Spina R, Valenti V, Altieri GI, Caldarella R, Giammanco A, Termini R, Burrascano M, Crupi G, Falletta A, Scafidi V, Sbordone D, La Seta F, Averna MR. Baseline metabolic disturbances and the twenty-five years risk of incident cancer in a Mediterranean population. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2016; 26:1020-1025. [PMID: 27511705 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2016.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Obesity is predictive of metabolic syndrome (metS), type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular (CV) disease and cancer. The aim of the study is to assess the risk of incident cancer connected to obesity and metS in a Mediterranean population characterized by a high prevalence of obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS As many as 1133 subjects were enrolled in two phases and followed for 25 years (859 subjects) or 11 years (274 subjects) and incident cancer was registered in the follow-up period. Anthropometric measures and biochemical parameters were filed at baseline and evaluated as predictors of incident cancer by measuring hazards ratios (HR) using multivariate Cox parametric hazards models. Best predictive threshold for metabolic parameters and metS criteria were recalculated by ROC analysis. Fasting Blood Glucose >5.19 mmol/L [HR = 1.58 (1.0-2.4)] and the TG/HDL ratio (log10) (Males > 0.225, Females > 0.272) [HR = 2.44 (1.3-4.4)] resulted independent predictors of survival free of cancer with a clear additive effect together with age classes [45-65 years, HR = 2.47 (1.3-4.4), 65-75 years HR = 3.80 (2.0-7.1)] and male gender [HR = 2.07 (2.3-3.1)]. CONCLUSIONS Metabolic disturbances are predictive of cancer in a 25 years follow-up of a Mediterranean population following a traditional Mediterranean diet. The high prevalence of obesity and metS and the observed underlying condition of insulin resistance expose this population to an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and cancer despite the healthy nutritional habits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Noto
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A B Cefalù
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - C M Barbagallo
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Ganci
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G Cavera
- Department of Geriatrics, "Villa Sofia-Cervello" Hospital, Palermo, Italy
| | - F Fayer
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - O Palesano
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Spina
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - V Valenti
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - G I Altieri
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Caldarella
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - A Giammanco
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - R Termini
- Department of Geriatrics, "A.U.S.L. 6", Palermo, Italy
| | - M Burrascano
- Department of Geriatrics, "A.U.S.L. 6", Palermo, Italy
| | - G Crupi
- Department of Geriatrics, "A.U.S.L. 6", Palermo, Italy
| | - A Falletta
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - V Scafidi
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - D Sbordone
- Department of Geriatrics, "A.U.S.L. 6", Palermo, Italy
| | - F La Seta
- Department of Geriatrics, "A.U.S.L. 6", Palermo, Italy
| | - M R Averna
- Department of Biomedicine, Internal Medicine and Specialties (Di.Bi.MIS), University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ulloa-Martínez M, Burguete-García AI, Murugesan S, Hoyo-Vadillo C, Cruz-Lopez M, García-Mena J. Expression of candidate genes associated with obesity in peripheral white blood cells of Mexican children. Arch Med Sci 2016; 12:968-976. [PMID: 27695486 PMCID: PMC5016575 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2016.58126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Obesity is a chronic, complex, and multifactorial disease, characterized by excess body fat. Diverse studies of the human genome have led to the identification of susceptibility genes that contribute to obesity. However, relatively few studies have addressed specifically the association between the level of expression of these genes and obesity. MATERIAL AND METHODS We studied 160 healthy and obese unrelated Mexican children aged 6 to 14 years. We measured the transcriptional expression of 20 genes associated with obesity, in addition to the biochemical parameters, in peripheral white blood cells. The detection of mRNA levels was performed using the OpenArray Real-Time PCR System (Applied Biosystems). RESULTS Obese children exhibited higher values of fasting glucose (p = 0.034), fasting insulin (p = 0.004), low-density lipoprotein (p = 0.006), triglycerides (p < 0.001), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (p < 0.001), and lower values of high-density lipoprotein (p < 0.001) compared to lean children. Analysis of transcriptional expression data showed a difference for ADRB1 (p = 0.0297), ADIPOR1 (p = 0.0317), GHRL (p = 0.0060) and FTO (p = 0.0348) genes. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that changes in the expression level of the studied genes are involved in biological processes implicated in the development of childhood obesity. Our study contributes new perspectives for a better understanding of biological processes involved in obesity. The protocol was approved by the National Committee and Ethical Committee Board from the Mexican Social Security Institute (IMSS) (IMSS FIS/IMSS/PRIO/10/011).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Ulloa-Martínez
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Ana I. Burguete-García
- Dirección de Infecciones Crónicas y Cáncer, CISEI, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, México, México
| | - Selvasankar Murugesan
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Carlos Hoyo-Vadillo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| | - Miguel Cruz-Lopez
- Unidad Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, México
| | - Jaime García-Mena
- Departamento de Genética y Biología Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México, México
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
State-dependent increase in the levels of neurotrophin-3 and neurotrophin-4/5 in patients with bipolar disorder: A meta-analysis. J Psychiatr Res 2016; 79:86-92. [PMID: 27214525 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bipolar disorder (BD) is one of the most serious psychiatric disorders in the world, but its pathophysiology is still unclear. Regulation of neurotrophic factors have been thought to play a role in this process. There have been inconsistent findings regarding the differences in blood neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) between patients with BD and healthy controls (HCs). The aim of the current meta-analysis is to examine the changes in the levels of NT-3 and NT-4/5 in BD patients at different affective states. Eight articles (including 465 BD patients and 353 HCs) were included in the analysis, and their results were pooled by using a random effects model. We found the levels of both NT-3 (p = 0.0046) and NT-4/5 (p = 0.0003) were significantly increased in BD patients, compared to HCs. Through subgroup analysis, this increase persisted only in patients in depressed state (p = 0.0038 for NT-3 and p = 0.0001 for NT-4/5), but not in manic or euthymic state. In addition, we found the differences in NT-3 and NT-4/5 were significantly associated with the duration of illness, but not by the mean age or female proportion. Our results suggest a state-dependent increase in NT-3 and NT-4/5 levels in patients with BD. Further studies are needed to examine dynamic changes of these neurotrophins in BD patients along the disease course.
Collapse
|
17
|
Wilson CL, Liu W, Yang JJ, Kang G, Ojha RP, Neale G, Srivastava DK, Gurney JG, Hudson MM, Robison LL, Ness KK. Genetic and clinical factors associated with obesity among adult survivors of childhood cancer: A report from the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort. Cancer 2015; 121:2262-70. [PMID: 25963547 PMCID: PMC4641835 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.29153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to identify treatment and genetic factors associated with obesity among childhood cancer survivors. METHODS Participants included 1996 survivors who previously received treatment for cancer at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital and who survived ≥10 years from diagnosis (median age at diagnosis, 7.2 years; median age at follow-up, 32.4 years). Obesity was defined as a body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2) . The factors associated with adult obesity were identified by subgroup-specific (cranial radiation [CRT] exposure status) multivariable logistic regression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with obesity were identified by subgroup-specific, exploratory, genome-wide association analyses using a 2-stage resampling approach with a type I error rate of 5 × 10(-6) . RESULTS Forty-seven percent of survivors who received CRT and 29.4% of those who did not receive CRT were obese at evaluation. In multivariable analyses, abdominal/pelvic radiation exposure was associated with decreased prevalence of obesity among survivors regardless of CRT status (P < .0001). The odds of obesity were increased among survivors who received CRT who had also received glucocorticoids (P = .014) or who were younger at diagnosis (P = .013). Among the survivors who had received CRT, 166 SNPs were associated with obesity. The strongest association was observed with reference SNP rs35669975 (P = 3.3 × 10(-8) ) on segment 33.3 of the long arm of chromosome 13 (13q33.3), approximately 30 kb downstream of FAM155A (family with sequence similarity 155, member A). SNPs within the glycine receptor α3 (GLRA3) gene and near the sex-determining region Y box 11 (SOX11) and cadherin 18 type 2 (CDH18) genes also were identified. These genes have been implicated in neural growth, repair, and connectivity. CONCLUSIONS Obesity in childhood cancer survivors remains associated with previous exposure to CRT and glucocorticoids. Genetic variants related to neural connectivity may modify the risk of obesity among survivors who receive CRT. Validation of these findings in independent cohorts is required.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Geoffrey Neale
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | - Melissa M. Hudson
- Epidemiology and Cancer Control, Memphis, TN
- Oncology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tosto G, Fu H, Vardarajan BN, Lee JH, Cheng R, Reyes-Dumeyer D, Lantigua R, Medrano M, Jimenez-Velazquez IZ, Elkind MSV, Wright CB, Sacco RL, Pericak-Vance M, Farrer L, Rogaeva E, St George-Hyslop P, Reitz C, Mayeux R. F-box/LRR-repeat protein 7 is genetically associated with Alzheimer's disease. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:810-20. [PMID: 26339675 PMCID: PMC4554442 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In the context of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) over 20 genes have been identified but, aside APOE, all show small effect sizes, leaving a large part of the genetic component unexplained. Admixed populations, such as Caribbean Hispanics, can provide a valuable contribution because of their unique genetic profile and higher incidence of the disease. We aimed to identify novel loci associated with LOAD. Methods About 4514 unrelated Caribbean Hispanics (2451 cases and 2063 controls) were selected for genome-wide association analysis. Significant loci were further tested in the expanded cohort that also included related family members (n = 5300). Two AD-like transgenic mice models (J20 and rTg4510) were used to study gene expression. Independent data sets of non-Hispanic Whites and African Americans were used to further validate findings, along with publicly available brain expression data sets. Results A novel locus, rs75002042 in FBXL7 (5p15.1), was found genome-wide significant in the case–control cohort (odd ratio [OR] = 0.61, P = 6.19E-09) and confirmed in the related members cohorts (OR = 0.63, P = 4.7E-08). Fbxl7 protein was overexpressed in both AD-like transgenic mice compared to wild-type littermates. Publicly available microarray studies also showed significant overexpression of Fbxl7 in LOAD brains compared to nondemented controls. single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs75002042 was in complete linkage disequilibrium with other variants in two independent non-Hispanic White and African American data sets (0.0005 < P < 0.02) used for replication. Interpretation FBXL7, encodes a subcellular protein involved in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination processes and displays proapoptotic activity. F-box proteins also modulate inflammation and innate immunity, which may be important in LOAD pathogenesis. Further investigations are needed to validate and understand its role in this and other populations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Tosto
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Hongjun Fu
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Badri N Vardarajan
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Joseph H Lee
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Rong Cheng
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Rafael Lantigua
- Department of Medicine College of Physicians and Surgeons, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Martin Medrano
- School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Catolica Madre y Maestra Santiago, Dominican Republic
| | - Ivonne Z Jimenez-Velazquez
- Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Program, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, Puerto Rico
| | - Mitchell S V Elkind
- The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; Department of Neurology, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Clinton B Wright
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and Departments of Neurology, Public Health Sciences, John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miami, Florida, 33136
| | - Ralph L Sacco
- Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute and Departments of Neurology, Public Health Sciences, John T. McDonald Department of Human Genetics, University of Miami Miami, Florida, 33136 ; Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Miami, Florida, 33136
| | - Margaret Pericak-Vance
- Neuroscience Program, Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami Miami, Florida, 33136 ; The John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miami, Florida, 33136
| | - Lindsay Farrer
- Departments of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Neurology, Ophthalmology, Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ekaterina Rogaeva
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 2S8
| | - Peter St George-Hyslop
- Tanz Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto Krembil Discovery Tower, 60 Leonard Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5T 2S8 ; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, University of Cambridge Cambridge, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom
| | - Christiane Reitz
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; Department of Neurology, Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Richard Mayeux
- The Taub Institute for Research on Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; The Gertrude H. Sergievsky Center, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; Department of Neurology, Columbia University New York, New York ; Department of Psychiatry, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York ; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Columbia University New York, New York
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu N, Chen J, Liu H, Zhao L, Liu S, Liu J, Su X, Wu W, Cong J, Qiu G, Wu Z. The involvement of ADAMTS-5 genetic polymorphisms in predisposition and diffusion tensor imaging alterations of lumbar disc degeneration. J Orthop Res 2014; 32:686-94. [PMID: 24415654 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Accepted: 12/17/2013] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Low back pain is a global health problem in which more than 40% is caused by lumbar intervertebral disc degeneration (LDD). ADAMTS-5 (A disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motifs-5) was shown to be involved in LDD by functional analyses. To identify whether there is an association between ADAMTS-5 and LDD, and what is the contribution of ADAMTS-5 genetic polymorphisms to MD (Mean diffusivity) changes in lumbar IVD (Intervertebral disc). We firstly genotyped selected ADAMTS-5 SNPs (Single nucleotide polymorphisms) in a Chinese Han population. After the primary analyses of allelic, genotypic, and haplotypic association, we performed SNP-SNP interaction analysis. We subsequently genotyped another 50 participants and acquired the corresponding MD values from individual lumbar IVDs. The association analysis between the genotypic groups divided by the above positive SNPs and the corresponding MD values were also performed. Significant associations were identified in rs151058, rs229052, and rs162502. None of the 2-SNP haplotypic analysis survived the 10,000 permutation test. The following interaction analysis demonstrated that rs151058 was strong associated with LDD when conditioning on rs162502. Significant difference of MD values between AA and G+ carriers was identified in rs162502. This is the first study indicating that the SNPs of ADAMTS-5 may contribute to predisposition of LDD. An interaction between rs151058 and rs229052 may exist in ADAMTS-5 with LDD. The rs162502 might be associated with altered MD values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, No.1 Shuaifuyuan, Beijing, 100730, P.R. China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Warren CR, Cowan CA. [Leukocyte count of puerperal sows]. BERLINER UND MUNCHENER TIERARZTLICHE WOCHENSCHRIFT 1996; 109:330-5. [PMID: 9054332 PMCID: PMC5828525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
147 blood samples of postparturient sows of a secluded housing were taken. The samples were conserved with ACD-solution. The influence of the number and week of the lactation and the health of the sow, determined by puerperal diseases was studied. Hematological values of healthy postparturient sows are: leucocytes 12.6 +/- 2.2 G/l; basophile granulocytes 0.1 +/- 0.1 G/l, eosinophile granulocytes 0.5 +/- 0.4 G/l; banded neutrophile granulocytes 1.3 +/- 0.6 G/l, segmented neutrophile granulocytes 5.2 +/- 1.4 G/l; lymphocytes 5.5 +/- 1.4 G/l, monocytes 0.3 +/- 0.3 G/l. The leucocyte number is lower in the investigated herd compared with quotations in the literature. This is based on the good health conditions in the herd. Changes due to the number and week of the lactation have no clinical relevance. Health status, here described by puerperal diseases is the significant influencing factor of the leucocyte number. The severity of puerperal diseases is significant. Due to puerperal diseases the leucocyte number rises quickly after a short drop about 2 G/l. The number of the neutrophile granulocytes increases, but the lymphocyte number is reduced at the beginning of the illness. The application of ACD-solution for stabilizing of great amounts of blood samples under practical conditions is demonstrated. It is possible to stabilize pigs blood well.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Curtis R. Warren
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Chad A. Cowan
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Broad Institute, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| |
Collapse
|