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da Silva IV, Pimpão C, Paccetti-Alves I, Thomas SR, Barateiro A, Casini A, Soveral G. Blockage of aquaporin-3 peroxiporin activity by organogold compounds affects melanoma cell adhesion, proliferation and migration. J Physiol 2024; 602:3111-3129. [PMID: 38323926 DOI: 10.1113/jp284155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a membrane channel with dual aquaglyceroporin/peroxiporin activity, facilitating the diffusion of water, glycerol and H2O2 across cell membranes. AQP3 shows aberrant expression in melanoma and its role in cell adhesion, migration and proliferation is well described. Gold compounds were shown to modulate AQP3 activity with reduced associated toxicity, making them promising molecules for cancer therapy. In this study, we validated the phenotype resulting from AQP3-silencing of two melanoma cell lines, MNT-1 and A375, which resulted in decreased H2O2 permeability. Subsequently, the AQP3 inhibitory effect of a new series of organogold compounds derived from Auphen, a potent AQP3 inhibitor, was first evaluated in red blood cells (RBCs) that highly express AQP3, and then in HEK-293T cells with AQP3 overexpression to ascertain the compounds' specificity. The first screening in RBCs unveiled two organogold compounds as promising blockers of AQP3 permeability. Moderate reduction of glycerol permeability but drastic inhibition of H2O2 permeability was detected for some of the gold derivatives in both AQP3-overexpressing cells and human melanoma cell lines. Additionally, all compounds were effective in impairing cell adhesion, proliferation and migration, although in a cell type-dependent manner. In conclusion, our data show that AQP3 peroxiporin activity is crucial for melanoma progression and highlight organogold compounds as promising AQP3 inhibitors with implications in melanoma cell adhesion, proliferation and migration, unveiling their potential as anticancer drugs against AQP3-overexpressing tumours. KEY POINTS: AQP3 affects cellular redox balance. Gold compounds inhibit AQP3 permeability in melanoma cells. AQP3 is involved in cell adhesion, proliferation and migration of melanoma. Blockage of AQP3 peroxiporin activity impairs melanoma cell migration. Gold compounds are potential anticancer drug leads for AQP3-overexpressing cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês V da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pimpão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Inês Paccetti-Alves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sophie R Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Andreia Barateiro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Angela Casini
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Garching bei München, Germany
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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2
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Bhattacharjee A, Jana A, Bhattacharjee S, Mitra S, De S, Alghamdi BS, Alam MZ, Mahmoud AB, Al Shareef Z, Abdel-Rahman WM, Woon-Khiong C, Alexiou A, Papadakis M, Ashraf GM. The role of Aquaporins in tumorigenesis: implications for therapeutic development. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:106. [PMID: 38336645 PMCID: PMC10854195 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01459-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are ubiquitous channel proteins that play a critical role in the homeostasis of the cellular environment by allowing the transit of water, chemicals, and ions. They can be found in many different types of cells and organs, including the lungs, eyes, brain, glands, and blood vessels. By controlling the osmotic water flux in processes like cell growth, energy metabolism, migration, adhesion, and proliferation, AQPs are capable of exerting their regulatory influence over a wide range of cellular processes. Tumour cells of varying sources express AQPs significantly, especially in malignant tumours with a high propensity for metastasis. New insights into the roles of AQPs in cell migration and proliferation reinforce the notion that AQPs are crucial players in tumour biology. AQPs have recently been shown to be a powerful tool in the fight against pathogenic antibodies and metastatic cell migration, despite the fact that the molecular processes of aquaporins in pathology are not entirely established. In this review, we shall discuss the several ways in which AQPs are expressed in the body, the unique roles they play in tumorigenesis, and the novel therapeutic approaches that could be adopted to treat carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arkadyuti Bhattacharjee
- Morningside Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, USA
| | - Ankit Jana
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore
| | - Swagato Bhattacharjee
- KoshKey Sciences Pvt Ltd, Canara Bank Layout, Karnataka, Bengaluru, Rajiv Gandhi Nagar, Kodigehalli, 560065, India
| | - Sankalan Mitra
- KIIT School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (KIIT-DU), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swagata De
- Department of English, DDE Unit, The University of Burdwan, Golapbag, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Badrah S Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Zubair Alam
- Pre-clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmad Bakur Mahmoud
- College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Almadinah, Almunwarah, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zainab Al Shareef
- College of Medicine, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Wael M Abdel-Rahman
- College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Chan Woon-Khiong
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117558, Singapore.
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- University Centre for Research & Development, Chandigarh University, Chandigarh-Ludhiana Highway, Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Research & Development, Funogen, Athens, Greece
- Department of Research & Development, AFNP Med, 1030, Wien, Austria
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW, 2770, Australia
| | - Marios Papadakis
- Department of Surgery II, University Hospital Witten-Herdecke, Heusnerstrasse 40, University of Witten-Herdecke, 42283, Wuppertal, Germany.
| | - Ghulam Md Ashraf
- College of Health Sciences, and Research Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
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3
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Tanaka M, Yasui M, Hara-Chikuma M. Aquaporin 3 inhibition suppresses the mitochondrial respiration rate and viability of multiple myeloma cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 676:158-164. [PMID: 37517218 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is a member of the aquaporin water channel family expressed by numerous cell types, including some cancer cells. Accumulating evidence suggests that AQP3 inhibition may impede cancer progression, but drugs targeting AQP3 are still in the early pre-clinical stage of development. Here, we examined the effect of AQP3 inhibition on multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable plasma cell malignancy. Four MM cell lines were cultured in the presence of an anti-AQP3 monoclonal antibody (mAb), the AQP3 inhibitor DFP00173, or corresponding controls, and the effects on cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial respiration capacity were compared. Both anti-AQP3 mAb and DFP00173 reduced cell growth, mitochondrial respiration rate, and electron transport chain complex I activity. Both agents also potentiated the antiproliferative efficacy of the anticancer drug venetoclax. Administration of the anti-AQP3 mAb to immunodeficient mice inoculated with RPMI8226 or KMS-11 MM cells significantly suppressed tumor growth. These data provide evidence that AQP3 blockade can suppress MM cell growth in vitro and tumor growth in mice. Thus, AQP3 inhibition may be an effective therapeutic strategy for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manami Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 160-8582, Japan
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 160-8582, Japan; Keio Advanced Institute for Water Biology and Medicine, Japan
| | - Mariko Hara-Chikuma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 160-8582, Japan.
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Insights into the Function of Aquaporins in Gastrointestinal Fluid Absorption and Secretion in Health and Disease. Cells 2023; 12:2170. [PMID: 37681902 PMCID: PMC10486417 DOI: 10.3390/cells12172170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane proteins permeable to water, are involved in gastrointestinal secretion. The secretory products of the glands are delivered either to some organ cavities for exocrine glands or to the bloodstream for endocrine glands. The main secretory glands being part of the gastrointestinal system are salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's gland, liver, bile ducts, gallbladder, intestinal goblet cells, exocrine and endocrine pancreas. Due to their expression in gastrointestinal exocrine and endocrine glands, AQPs fulfill important roles in the secretion of various fluids involved in food handling. This review summarizes the contribution of AQPs in physiological and pathophysiological stages related to gastrointestinal secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy;
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 1070 Brussels, Belgium
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Liu Y, Gao Q, Feng X, Chen G, Jiang X, Chen D, Yang Z. Aquaporin 9 is involved in CRC metastasis through DVL2-dependent Wnt/β-catenin signaling activation. Gastroenterol Rep (Oxf) 2023; 11:goad033. [PMID: 37360194 PMCID: PMC10287913 DOI: 10.1093/gastro/goad033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aquaporin 9 (AQP9) is permeable to water or other small molecules, and plays an important role in various cancers. We previously found that AQP9 was related to the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). This study aimed to identify the role and regulatory mechanism of AQP9 in CRC metastasis. Methods The clinical significance of AQP9 was analysed by using bioinformatics and tissue microarray. Transcriptome sequencing, Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay, Biacore, and co-immunoprecipitation were employed to demonstrate the regulatory mechanism of AQP9 in CRC. The relationship between AQP9 and CRC metastasis was verified in vitro and in vivo by using real-time cell analysis assay, high content screening, and liver metastasis models of nude mice. Results We found that AQP9 was highly expressed in metastatic CRC. AQP9 overexpression reduced cell roundness and enhanced cell motility in CRC. We further showed that AQP9 interacted with Dishevelled 2 (DVL2) via the C-terminal SVIM motif, resulting in DVL2 stabilization and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway activation. Additionally, we identified the E3 ligase neural precursor cell expressed developmentally downregulated 4-like (NEDD4L) as a modulator regulating the ubiquitination and degradation of AQP9. Conclusions Collectively, our study revealed the important role of AQP9 in regulating DVL2 stabilization and Wnt/β-catenin signaling to promote CRC metastasis. Targeting the NEDD4L-AQP9-DVL2 axis might have therapeutic usefulness in metastatic CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Guanxing Chen
- Artificial Intelligence Medical Research Center, School of Intelligent Systems Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Xuefei Jiang
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Daici Chen
- Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
- Department of General Surgery (Colorectal Surgery), The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Zihuan Yang
- Corresponding author. Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510655, China. Tel.: +86-20-38455491;
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Paccetti-Alves I, Batista MSP, Pimpão C, Victor BL, Soveral G. Unraveling the Aquaporin-3 Inhibitory Effect of Rottlerin by Experimental and Computational Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24066004. [PMID: 36983077 PMCID: PMC10057066 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24066004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural polyphenolic compound Rottlerin (RoT) showed anticancer properties in a variety of human cancers through the inhibition of several target molecules implicated in tumorigenesis, revealing its potential as an anticancer agent. Aquaporins (AQPs) are found overexpressed in different types of cancers and have recently emerged as promising pharmacological targets. Increasing evidence suggests that the water/glycerol channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3) plays a key role in cancer and metastasis. Here, we report the ability of RoT to inhibit human AQP3 activity with an IC50 in the micromolar range (22.8 ± 5.82 µM for water and 6.7 ± 2.97 µM for glycerol permeability inhibition). Moreover, we have used molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulations to understand the structural determinants of RoT that explain its ability to inhibit AQP3. Our results show that RoT blocks AQP3-glycerol permeation by establishing strong and stable interactions at the extracellular region of AQP3 pores interacting with residues essential for glycerol permeation. Altogether, our multidisciplinary approach unveiled RoT as an anticancer drug against tumors where AQP3 is highly expressed providing new information to aquaporin research that may boost future drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inês Paccetti-Alves
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Marta S P Batista
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pimpão
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno L Victor
- Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculty of Sciences, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
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7
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Aquaporin-mediated dysregulation of cell migration in disease states. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:48. [PMID: 36682037 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04665-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Dysregulated cell migration and invasion are hallmarks of many disease states. This dysregulated migratory behavior is influenced by the changes in expression of aquaporins (AQPs) that occur during pathogenesis, including conditions such as cancer, endometriosis, and arthritis. The ubiquitous function of AQPs in migration of diseased cells makes them a crucial target for potential therapeutics; this possibility has led to extensive research into the specific mechanisms underlying AQP-mediated diseased cell migration. The functions of AQPs depend on a diverse set of variables including cell type, AQP isoform, disease state, cell microenvironments, and even the subcellular localization of AQPs. To consolidate the considerable work that has been conducted across these numerous variables, here we summarize and review the last decade's research covering the role of AQPs in the migration and invasion of cells in diseased states.
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Abulizi A, Dawuti A, Yang B. Aquaporins in Tumor. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:303-315. [PMID: 36717503 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recent researches have demonstrated that aquaporins (AQPs), including water-selective channels, aquaglyceroporins and superaquaporins, are generally expressed in various tumors, such as lung, colorectal, liver, brain, breast tumors, etc. Therefore, it is imperative to study the accurate relationship between AQPs and tumor, which may provide innovative approaches to treat and prevent tumor development. In this chapter, we mainly reviewed the expression and pathophysiological function of AQPs in tumor, and summarize recent work on AQPs in tumor. Although, the underlying mechanism of AQP in tumor is not very clear, growing evidences suggest that cell migration, adhesion, angiogenesis, and division contribute to tumor development, in which AQPs might be involved. Therefore, it is still necessary to conduct further studies to determine the specific roles of AQPs in the tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abudumijiti Abulizi
- Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Phytomedicine Resource and Utilization, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shihezi University, Shihezi, China.
| | - Awaguli Dawuti
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Targets Identification and Drug Screening, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Baoxue Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Calamita G, Delporte C. Aquaporins in Glandular Secretion. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2023; 1398:225-249. [PMID: 36717498 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-7415-1_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Exocrine and endocrine glands deliver their secretory product, respectively, at the surface of the target organs or within the bloodstream. The release of their products has been shown to rely on secretory mechanisms often involving aquaporins (AQPs). This chapter will provide insight into the role of AQPs in secretory glands located within the gastrointestinal tract, including salivary glands, gastric glands, duodenal Brunner's glands, liver, gallbladder, intestinal goblets cells, and pancreas, as well and in other parts of the body, including airway submucosal glands, lacrimal glands, mammary glands, and eccrine sweat glands. The involvement of AQPs in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Christine Delporte
- Laboratory of Pathophysiological and Nutritional Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
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Yu C, Zhang X, Wang J, Song H, Liu W, Luo B. Molecular mechanism of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) regulating by LMP2A and its crosstalk with 4E-BP1 via ERK signaling pathway in EBV-associated gastric cancer. Virus Res 2022; 322:198947. [PMID: 36181978 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2022.198947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin 3(AQP3) is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation of tumor cells and is closely related to the occurrence and development of tumors. However, the regulatory mechanism and function of AQP3 in EBV-associated gastric cancer (EBVaGC) are still poorly understood. This study aims to explore the regulatory effect of EBV on AQP3 and the cross talk of AQP3 with EIF4E-binding proteins 1(4E-BP1) in EBVaGC. The effect of LMP2A on the expression of AQP3 and 4E-BP1 was analyzed using real-time PCR and western blotting. The biological functions of AQP3 and 4E-BP1 in gastric cancer cells were detected by cell biological experiments. In addition, we examined the role of mTOR and ERK signaling pathways in the LMP2A/AQP3/4E-BP1 regulatory axis. We found that LMP2A could down-regulate AQP3 expression by inhibiting the activation of mTOR signaling pathway, and further promote autophagy and migration of gastric cancer cells. AQP3 up-regulated the expression of 4E-BP1 and its phosphorylated protein by activating ERK signaling pathway, thus promoting the autophagy and proliferation of gastric cancer cells. In conclusion, EBV-encoded LMP2A inhibits AQP3 expression, and further participates in cell proliferation, migration and autophagy through the mTOR/AQP3/ERK/4E-BP1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caixia Yu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Institute of Virology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China; Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao University, No. 6 Tongfu Road, Qingdao 266034, China
| | - Wen Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Bing Luo
- Department of Pathogenic Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, No.308 Ningxia Road, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Dai X, Chen Y, Chen N, Dou J, Zhuang H, Wang J, Zhao X, Zhang X, Zhao H. KLF5-mediated aquaporin 3 activated autophagy to facilitate cisplatin resistance of gastric cancer. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2022; 45:140-152. [PMID: 36083020 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2022.2122498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs limits the control of gastric cancer (GC) development. The study intended to probe into the mechanism of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) on the chemoresistance of GC. METHODS Cisplatin (CDDP)-resistant cells were constructed. Parental AGS and HGC-27 cells and their respective CDDP-resistant cells were transfected with AQP3 overexpression plasmid, AQP3 short hairpin RNA (sh-AQP3) and sh-Kruppel-like factor 5 (shKLF5). The expressions of AQP3 and factors related to autophagy (LC3 I, LC3 II, Atg5, Beclin-1, p62)/epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT; E-cadherin and snail) were assessed by Western blot and qRT-PCR. Cell counting kit-8 assay was adopted to test cell viability and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC 50) was determined. Transwell assay was used for the examination of cell migration and invasion. The regulatory relationship of AQP3 and KLF5 was tested by chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and dual luciferase reporter assays. RESULTS AQP3 was highly-expressed in GC cells and its level was even higher in CDDP-resistant GC cells. AQP3 silencing inhibited viability, autophagy and EMT in CDDP-resistant GC cells, while AQP3 overexpression had the opposite effect. KLF5 positively modulated AQP3 in GC cells resistant to CDDP. KLF5 knockdown reversed AQP3-induced autophagy, viability, migration, invasion and EMT in CDDP-resistant GC cells. CONCLUSION KLF5-modulated AQP3 activated autophagy to facilitate the resistance of GC to CDDP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Lianshui People's Hospital Affiliated to Kangda College of Nanjing Medical University
| | - Yong Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Ning Chen
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Jin Dou
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Haiwen Zhuang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Jian Wang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Xin Zhao
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
| | - Haijian Zhao
- Division of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University
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Critical Role of Aquaporins in Cancer: Focus on Hematological Malignancies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174182. [PMID: 36077720 PMCID: PMC9455074 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Aquaporins are proteins able to regulate the transfer of water and other small substances such as ions, glycerol, urea, and hydrogen peroxide across cellular membranes. AQPs provide for a huge variety of physiological phenomena; their alteration provokes several types of pathologies including cancer and hematological malignancies. Our review presents data revealing the possibility of employing aquaporins as biomarkers in patients with hematological malignancies and evaluates the possibility that interfering with the expression of aquaporins could represent an effective treatment for hematological malignancies. Abstract Aquaporins are transmembrane molecules regulating the transfer of water and other compounds such as ions, glycerol, urea, and hydrogen peroxide. Their alteration has been reported in several conditions such as cancer. Tumor progression might be enhanced by aquaporins in modifying tumor angiogenesis, cell volume adaptation, proteases activity, cell–matrix adhesions, actin cytoskeleton, epithelial–mesenchymal transitions, and acting on several signaling pathways facilitating cancer progression. Close connections have also been identified between the aquaporins and hematological malignancies. However, it is difficult to identify a unique action exerted by aquaporins in different hemopathies, and each aquaporin has specific effects that vary according to the class of aquaporin examined and to the different neoplastic cells. However, the expression of aquaporins is altered in cell cultures and in patients with acute and chronic myeloid leukemia, in lymphoproliferative diseases and in multiple myeloma, and the different expression of aquaporins seems to be able to influence the efficacy of treatment and could have a prognostic significance, as greater expression of aquaporins is correlated to improved overall survival in leukemia patients. Finally, we assessed the possibility that modifying the aquaporin expression using aquaporin-targeting regulators, specific monoclonal antibodies, and even aquaporin gene transfer could represent an effective therapy of hematological malignancies.
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Clinical value and molecular mechanism of AQGPs in different tumors. MEDICAL ONCOLOGY (NORTHWOOD, LONDON, ENGLAND) 2022; 39:174. [PMID: 35972604 PMCID: PMC9381609 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-022-01766-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Aquaglyceroporins (AQGPs), including AQP3, AQP7, AQP9, and AQP10, are transmembrane channels that allow small solutes across biological membranes, such as water, glycerol, H2O2, and so on. Increasing evidence suggests that they play critical roles in cancer. Overexpression or knockdown of AQGPs can promote or inhibit cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and metastasis, and the expression levels of AQGPs are closely linked to the prognosis of cancer patients. Here, we provide a comprehensive and detailed review to discuss the expression patterns of AQGPs in different cancers as well as the relationship between the expression patterns and prognosis. Then, we elaborate the relevance between AQGPs and malignant behaviors in cancer as well as the latent upstream regulators and downstream targets or signaling pathways of AQGPs. Finally, we summarize the potential clinical value in cancer treatment. This review will provide us with new ideas and thoughts for subsequent cancer therapy specifically targeting AQGPs.
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14
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Li D, Zhang Q, Zhou Y, Zhu H, Li T, Du F. A novel nitidine chloride nanoparticle overcomes the stemness of CD133 +EPCAM + Huh7 hepatocellular carcinoma cells for liver cancer therapy. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:48. [PMID: 35820920 PMCID: PMC9277916 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00589-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Stemness of CD133+EPCAM+ hepatocellular carcinoma cells ensures cancer resistance to apoptosis,which is a challenge to current liver cancer treatments. In this study, we evaluated the tumorcidal activity of a novel nanoparticle of nitidine chloride (TPGS-FA/NC, TPGS-FA: folic acid modified D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate, NC: nitidine chloride), against human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell line Huh7 growth in vitro and in vivo. Methods Huh7 cells were treated with TPGS-FA/NC. Cell proliferation was assessed using MTT and colony assays. The expression of cell markers and signaling proteins was detected using western blot analyses. A sphere culture technique was used to enrich cancer stem cells (CSC) in Huh7 cells. TPGS-FA/NC (7.5, 15, 30, 60, 120 μg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells, which associated with a reduction in AQP3 and STAT3 expression. Importantly,TPGS-FA/NC (10, 20, and 40 μg/mL) significantly reduced the EpCAM+/CD133+cell numbers, suppressed the sphere formation. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of TPGS-FA/NC was proved in Huh7 cell xenograft model in BALB/c nude mice, which were administered TPGS-FA/NC(4 mg· kg − 1· d − 1, ig) for 2 weeks. Results TPGS-FA/NC dose-dependently suppressed the AQP3/STAT3/CD133 axis in Huh7 cells. In Huh7 xenograft bearing nude mice, TPGS-FA/NC administration markedly inhibited Huh7 xenograft tumor growth . Conclusions TPGS-FA/NC inhibit HCC tumor growth through multiple mechanisms, and it may be a promising candidate drug for the clinical therapy of hepatocellular carcinoma. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40360-022-00589-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danni Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Eengineering, Guangxi Minzu University, No.158, Da Xue Xi street, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530006, Guangxi Province, China.
| | - Qiying Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Eengineering, Guangxi Minzu University, No.158, Da Xue Xi street, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530006, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Yuzhu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Eengineering, Guangxi Minzu University, No.158, Da Xue Xi street, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530006, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Hua Zhu
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University for Chinese Medicine, No.13 , Wu He street, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Tong Li
- College of Pharmacy, Guangxi University for Chinese Medicine, No.13 , Wu He street, Qingxiu District, Nanning, 530200, Guangxi Province, China
| | - Fangkai Du
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Eengineering, Guangxi Minzu University, No.158, Da Xue Xi street, Xixiangtang District, Nanning, 530006, Guangxi Province, China
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Iser IC, Vedovatto S, Oliveira FD, Beckenkamp LR, Lenz G, Wink MR. The crossroads of adenosinergic pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in cancer. Semin Cancer Biol 2022; 86:202-213. [PMID: 35779713 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2022.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a key mechanism related to tumor progression, invasion, metastasis, resistance to therapy and poor prognosis in several types of cancer. However, targeting EMT or partial-EMT, as well as the molecules involved in this process, has remained a challenge. Recently, the CD73 enzyme, which hydrolyzes AMP to produce adenosine (ADO), has been linked to the EMT process. This relationship is not only due to the production of the immunosuppressant ADO but also to its role as a receptor for extracellular matrix proteins, being involved in cell adhesion and migration. This article reviews the crosstalk between the adenosinergic pathway and the EMT program and the impact of this interrelation on cancer development and progression. An in silico analysis of RNAseq datasets showed that several tumor types have a significant correlation between an EMT score and NT5E (CD73) and ENTPD1 (CD39) expressions, with the strongest correlations in prostate adenocarcinoma. Furthermore, it is evident that the cooperation between EMT and adenosinergic pathway in tumor progression is context and tumor-dependent. The increased knowledge about this topic will help broaden the view to explore new treatments and therapies for different types of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabele Cristiana Iser
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Samlai Vedovatto
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Dittrich Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Liziane Raquel Beckenkamp
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Guido Lenz
- Department of Biophysics and Center of Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Márcia Rosângela Wink
- Department of Basics Health Sciences and Laboratory of Cell Biology, Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Silva PM, da Silva IV, Sarmento MJ, Silva ÍC, Carvalho FA, Soveral G, Santos NC. Aquaporin-3 and Aquaporin-5 Facilitate Migration and Cell-Cell Adhesion in Pancreatic Cancer by Modulating Cell Biomechanical Properties. Cells 2022; 11:1308. [PMID: 35455986 PMCID: PMC9030499 DOI: 10.3390/cells11081308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aquaporins are membrane channels responsible for the bidirectional transfer of water and small non-charged solutes across cell membranes. AQP3 and AQP5 are overexpressed in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, playing key roles in cell migration, proliferation, and invasion. Here, we evaluated AQP3 and AQP5 involvement in cell biomechanical properties, cell-cell adhesion, and cell migration, following a loss-of-function strategy on BxPC-3 cells. RESULTS Silencing of AQP3 and AQP5 was functionally validated by reduced membrane permeability and had implications on cell migration, slowing wound recovery. Moreover, silenced AQP5 and AQP3/5 cells showed higher membrane fluidity. Biomechanical and morphological changes were assessed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing AQP5 and AQP3/5 silenced cells with a lower stiffness than their control. Through cell-cell adhesion measurements, the work (energy) necessary to detach two cells was found to be lower for AQP-silenced cells than control, showing that these AQPs have implications on cell-cell adhesion. CONCLUSION These findings highlight AQP3 and AQP5 involvement in the biophysical properties of cell membranes, whole cell biomechanical properties, and cell-cell adhesion, thus having potential implication in the settings of tumor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia M. Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.M.S.); (M.J.S.); (Í.C.S.); (F.A.C.)
| | - Inês V. da Silva
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Sarmento
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.M.S.); (M.J.S.); (Í.C.S.); (F.A.C.)
| | - Ítala C. Silva
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.M.S.); (M.J.S.); (Í.C.S.); (F.A.C.)
| | - Filomena A. Carvalho
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.M.S.); (M.J.S.); (Í.C.S.); (F.A.C.)
| | - Graça Soveral
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal;
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-003 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nuno C. Santos
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal; (P.M.S.); (M.J.S.); (Í.C.S.); (F.A.C.)
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17
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Tricarico PM, Mentino D, De Marco A, Del Vecchio C, Garra S, Cazzato G, Foti C, Crovella S, Calamita G. Aquaporins Are One of the Critical Factors in the Disruption of the Skin Barrier in Inflammatory Skin Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4020. [PMID: 35409378 PMCID: PMC8999368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23074020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin is the largest organ of the human body, serving as an effective mechanical barrier between the internal milieu and the external environment. The skin is widely considered the first-line defence of the body, with an essential function in rejecting pathogens and preventing mechanical, chemical, and physical damages. Keratinocytes are the predominant cells of the outer skin layer, the epidermis, which acts as a mechanical and water-permeability barrier. The epidermis is a permanently renewed tissue where undifferentiated keratinocytes located at the basal layer proliferate and migrate to the overlying layers. During this migration process, keratinocytes undertake a differentiation program known as keratinization process. Dysregulation of this differentiation process can result in a series of skin disorders. In this context, aquaporins (AQPs), a family of membrane channel proteins allowing the movement of water and small neutral solutes, are emerging as important players in skin physiology and skin diseases. Here, we review the role of AQPs in skin keratinization, hydration, keratinocytes proliferation, water retention, barrier repair, wound healing, and immune response activation. We also discuss the dysregulated involvement of AQPs in some common inflammatory dermatological diseases characterised by skin barrier disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Maura Tricarico
- Institute for Maternal and Child Health IRCCS Burlo Garofolo, Via dell’Istria 65/1, 34137 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Donatella Mentino
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Aurora De Marco
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Cecilia Del Vecchio
- Dermatology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Sabino Garra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Gerardo Cazzato
- Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Caterina Foti
- Section of Dermatology, Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Piazza Giulio Cesare, 11, 70121 Bari, Italy;
| | - Sergio Crovella
- Biological Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Qatar, Doha 2713, Qatar;
| | - Giuseppe Calamita
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (D.M.); (S.G.)
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Dutta A, Das M. Deciphering the Role of Aquaporins in Metabolic Diseases: A Mini Review. Am J Med Sci 2022; 364:148-162. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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19
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Wagner K, Unger L, Salman MM, Kitchen P, Bill RM, Yool AJ. Signaling Mechanisms and Pharmacological Modulators Governing Diverse Aquaporin Functions in Human Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1388. [PMID: 35163313 PMCID: PMC8836214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of small integral membrane proteins that facilitate the bidirectional transport of water across biological membranes in response to osmotic pressure gradients as well as enable the transmembrane diffusion of small neutral solutes (such as urea, glycerol, and hydrogen peroxide) and ions. AQPs are expressed throughout the human body. Here, we review their key roles in fluid homeostasis, glandular secretions, signal transduction and sensation, barrier function, immunity and inflammation, cell migration, and angiogenesis. Evidence from a wide variety of studies now supports a view of the functions of AQPs being much more complex than simply mediating the passive flow of water across biological membranes. The discovery and development of small-molecule AQP inhibitors for research use and therapeutic development will lead to new insights into the basic biology of and novel treatments for the wide range of AQP-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim Wagner
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
| | - Lucas Unger
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Mootaz M. Salman
- Department of Physiology Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK;
- Oxford Parkinson’s Disease Centre, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QX, UK
| | - Philip Kitchen
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Roslyn M. Bill
- College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (L.U.); (P.K.)
| | - Andrea J. Yool
- School of Biomedicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia;
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Oghbaei F, Zarezadeh R, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Ranjbar M, Nouri M, Fattahi A, Imakawa K. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition process during embryo implantation. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 388:1-17. [PMID: 35024964 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03574-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) in endometrial epithelial and trophectoderm cells is essential for the progression of embryo implantation and its impairment could cause implantation failure. Therefore, EMT should be tightly regulated in both embryonic and endometrial cells during implantation. Studies reported the involvement of numerous factors in EMT regulation, including hormones, growth factors, transcription factors, microRNAs, aquaporins (AQPs), and ion channels. These factors act through different signaling pathways to affect the expression of epithelial and mesenchymal markers as well as the cellular cytoskeleton. Although the mechanisms involved in cancer cell EMT have been well studied, little is known about EMT during embryo implantation. Therefore, we comprehensively reviewed different factors that regulate the EMT, a key event required for the conceptus implantation to the endometrium.Summary sentence: Abnormal epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process within endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) or trophoblast cells can cause implantation failure. This process is regulated by various factors. Thus, the objective of this review was to summarize the effective factors on the EMT process during implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Oghbaei
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Reza Zarezadeh
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Minoo Ranjbar
- Department of Midwifery, Bonab Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bonab, Iran
| | - Mohammad Nouri
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Fattahi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Kazuhiko Imakawa
- Laboratory of Molecular Reproduction, Research Institute of Agriculture, Tokai University, Kumamoto, 862-8652, Japan
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21
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Wang Y, Guo Y, Zhuang T, Xu T, Ji M. SP1-Induced Upregulation of lncRNA LINC00659 Promotes Tumour Progression in Gastric Cancer by Regulating miR-370/AQP3 Axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:936037. [PMID: 35957833 PMCID: PMC9361049 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.936037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence demonstrates that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play critical roles in various human tumors. LncRNA LINC00659 (LINC00659) is a newly identified lncRNA and its roles in tumors remain largely unclear. In this study, we elucidated the potential functions and molecular mechanisms of LINC00659 on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer (GC), and also explored its clinical significance. We firstly demonstrated that LINC00659 levels were distinctly up-regulated in both GC specimens and cells using bioinformatics analysis and RT-PCR. The results of ChIP assays and luciferase reporter assays confirmed that upregulation of LINC00659 was activated by SP1 in GC. Clinical assays revealed that higher levels of LINC00659 were associated with TNM stage, lymphatic metastasis, and poorer prognosis. Moreover, LINC00659 was confirmed to be an independent prognostic marker for the patients with GC using multivariate assays. Lost-of-function assays indicated that knockdown of LINC00659 suppressed the proliferation, metastasis, and EMT progress of GC cells in vitro. Mechanistic investigation indicated that LINC00659 served as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) for miR-370, thereby resulting in the upregulation of leading to the depression of its endogenous target gene AQP3. Overall, our present study revealed that the LINC00659/miR-370/AQP3 axis contributes to GC progression, which may provide clues for the exploration of cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets for GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Guo
- School of Medicine Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tianchi Zhuang
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ting Xu
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Minghui Ji
- School of Nursing, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Minghui Ji,
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22
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Pathophysiological role of ion channels and transporters in gastrointestinal mucosal diseases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 78:8109-8125. [PMID: 34778915 PMCID: PMC8629801 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04011-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The incidence of gastrointestinal (GI) mucosal diseases, including various types of gastritis, ulcers, inflammatory bowel disease and GI cancer, is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to identify new therapeutic targets. Ion channels/transporters are located on cell membranes, and tight junctions (TJs) affect acid–base balance, the mucus layer, permeability, the microbiota and mucosal blood flow, which are essential for maintaining GI mucosal integrity. As ion channel/transporter dysfunction results in various GI mucosal diseases, this review focuses on understanding the contribution of ion channels/transporters to protecting the GI mucosal barrier and the relationship between GI mucosal disease and ion channels/transporters, including Cl−/HCO3− exchangers, Cl− channels, aquaporins, Na+/H+ exchangers, and K+ channels. Here, we provide novel prospects for the treatment of GI mucosal diseases.
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23
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Lin G, Chen L, Lin L, Lin H, Guo Z, Xu Y, Hu C, Fu J, Lin Q, Chen W, Zeng Y, Xu Y. Comprehensive Analysis of Aquaporin Superfamily in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:736367. [PMID: 34708074 PMCID: PMC8542973 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.736367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most predomintnt lung cancer subtype with increasing morbidity and mortality. Previous studies have shown that aquaporin (AQP) family genes were correlated with tumor progression and metastasis in several kinds of malignancies. However, their biological behaviors and prognostic values in LUAD have not been comprehensively elucidated. Methods: RNA sequencing and real-time reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) were used to assess AQP1/3/4/5 gene expressions in LUAD patients using GEPIA and UALCAN databases. And then Kaplan–Meier analysis, cBioPortal, Metascape, GeneMANIA, TISIDB, and TIMER were utilized to determine the prognostic value, mutation frequency, and immune cell infiltration of AQP family members in LUAD. Results: We found that AQP3 expression was significantly elevated and AQP1 expression was markedly reduced in LUAD patients, whereas the expression levels of AQP4 and AQP5 exhibited no significant changes. The Kaplan–Meier survival analysis indicated that the higher expressions of AQP1/4/5 were related to longer overall survival (OS). Of interest, AQP3 was significantly correlated with the clinical tumor stage and lower AQP3 expression showed favorable prognosis in stage I LUAD patients, which indicated that AQP3 may be a potential prognostic biomarker for patients. Through functional enrichment analysis, the functions of these four AQPs genes were mainly involved in the passive transport by aquaporins, water homeostasis, and protein tetramerization. Moreover, AQP1/3/4/5 expression was strongly associated with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in LUAD. Conclusion: AQP3 can be used as a prognosis and survival biomarker for stage I LUAD. These findings may provide novel insights into developing molecular targeted therapies in LUAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofu Lin
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Luyang Chen
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lanlan Lin
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hai Lin
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Zhifeng Guo
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yingxuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Chanchan Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Environment Factors and Cancer, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jinglan Fu
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
| | - Qinhui Lin
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
| | - Wenhan Chen
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China.,The Second Clinical College, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiming Zeng
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
| | - Yuan Xu
- Department of Respiratory Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China.,Respiratory Medicine Center of Fujian Province, Quanzhou, China
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Wu J, Gan Y, Luo H, Xu N, Chen L, Li M, Guan F, Su Z, Lin Z, Xie J, Liu Y. β-Patchoulene Ameliorates Water Transport and the Mucus Barrier in 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Intestinal Mucositis Rats via the cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:689491. [PMID: 34512326 PMCID: PMC8424048 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.689491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Intestinal mucositis (IM) is the main side effect observed in patients who receive cancer chemotherapy. The characteristics of ulceration, vomiting, and severe diarrhea cause patients to delay or abandon further treatment, thereby aggravating their progress. Hence, IM cannot be overlooked. β-patchoulene (β-PAE) is an active ingredient isolated from Pogostemon cablin (Blanco) Benth (Labiatae) and has shown a marked protective effect against gastrointestinal diseases in previous studies. However, whether β-PAE plays a positive role in IM is still unknown. Herein, we explore the effects and the underlying mechanism of β-PAE against 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced IM in IEC-6 cells and rats. β-PAE significantly recovered cell viability, upregulated the IM-induced rat body weight and food intake and improved the pathological diarrhea symptoms. Aquaporin is critical for regulating water fluid homeostasis, and its abnormal expression was associated with pathological diarrhea in IM. β-PAE displayed an outstanding effect in inhibiting aquaporin 3 (AQP3) via the cAMP/protein kinase A (PKA)/cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway. Besides, inflammation-induced mucus barrier injury deteriorated water transport and aggravated diarrhea in IM-induced rats. β-PAE’s effect on suppressing inflammation and recovering the mucus barrier strengthened its regulation of water transport and thus alleviated diarrhea in IM-induced rats. In sum, β-PAE improved IM in rats mainly by improving water transport and the mucus barrier, and these effects were correlated with its function on inhibiting the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiazhen Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuxuan Gan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huijuan Luo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liping Chen
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengkun Guan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ziren Su
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Basic Research, Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
| | - Zhixiu Lin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianhui Xie
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuhong Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Basic Research, Dongguan Institute of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Dongguan, China
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25
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Up-regulation of Aquaporin 5 Defines Spasmolytic Polypeptide-Expressing Metaplasia and Progression to Incomplete Intestinal Metaplasia. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 13:199-217. [PMID: 34455107 PMCID: PMC8593616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Metaplasia in the stomach is highly associated with development of intestinal-type gastric cancer. Two types of metaplasias, spasmolytic polypeptide-expressing metaplasia (SPEM) and intestinal metaplasia (IM), are considered precancerous lesions. However, it remains unclear how SPEM and IM are related. Here we investigated a new lineage-specific marker for SPEM cells, aquaporin 5 (AQP5), to assist in the identification of these 2 metaplasias. METHODS Drug- or Helicobacter felis (H felis) infection-induced mouse models were used to identify the expression pattern of AQP5 in acute or chronic SPEM. Gene-manipulated mice treated with or without drug were used to investigate how AQP5 expression is regulated in metaplastic lesions. Metaplastic samples from transgenic mice and human gastric cancer patients were evaluated for AQP5 expression. Immunostaining with lineage-specific markers was used to differentiate metaplastic gland characteristics. RESULTS Our results revealed that AQP5 is a novel lineage-specific marker for SPEM cells that are localized at the base of metaplastic glands initially and expand to dominate glands after chronic H felis infection. In addition, AQP5 expression was up-regulated early in chief cell reprogramming and was promoted by interleukin 13. In humans, metaplastic corpus showed highly branched structures with AQP5-positive SPEM. Human SPEM cells strongly expressing AQP5 were present at the bases of incomplete IM glands marked by TROP2 but were absent from complete IM glands. CONCLUSIONS AQP5-expressing SPEM cells are present in pyloric metaplasia and TROP2-positive incomplete IM and may be an important component of metaplasia that can predict a higher risk for gastric cancer development.
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26
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Swaminathan G, Shigna A, Kumar A, Byroju VV, Durgempudi VR, Dinesh Kumar L. RNA Interference and Nanotechnology: A Promising Alliance for Next Generation Cancer Therapeutics. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2021.694838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a significant health hazard of the 21st century, and GLOBOCAN predicts increasing cancer incidence in the coming decades. Though several conventional treatment modalities exist, most of them end up causing off-target and debilitating effects, and drug resistance acquisition. Advances in our understanding of tumor molecular biology offer alternative strategies for precise, robust, and potentially less toxic treatment paradigms for circumventing the disease at the cellular and molecular level. Several deregulated molecules associated with tumorigenesis have been developed as targets in RNA interference (RNAi) based cancer therapeutics. RNAi, a post-transcriptional gene regulation mechanism, has significantly gained attention because of its precise multi-targeted gene silencing. Although the RNAi approach is favorable, the direct administration of small oligonucleotides has not been fruitful because of their inherent lower half-lives and instability in the biological systems. Moreover, the lack of an appropriate delivery system to the primary site of the tumor that helps determine the potency of the drug and its reach, has limited the effective medical utilization of these bio-drugs. Nanotechnology, with its unique characteristics of enhanced permeation and better tumor-targeting efficiency, offers promising solutions owing to the various possibilities and amenability for modifications of the nanoparticles to augment cancer therapeutics. Nanoparticles could be made multimodal, by designing and synthesizing multiple desired functionalities, often resulting in unique and potentially applicable biological structures. A small number of Phase I clinical trials with systemically administered siRNA molecules conjugated with nanoparticles have been completed and the results are promising, indicating that, these new combinatorial therapies can successfully and safely be used to inhibit target genes in cancer patients to alleviate some of the disease burden. In this review, we highlight different types of nano-based delivery strategies for engineering Nano-RNAi-based bio drugs. Furthermore, we have highlighted the insights gained from current research that are entering the preclinical evaluation and information about initial clinical developments, shaping the future for next generation cancer therapeutics.
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27
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AQP3 and AQP5-Potential Regulators of Redox Status in Breast Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092613. [PMID: 33947079 PMCID: PMC8124745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is still one of the leading causes of mortality in the female population. Despite the campaigns for early detection, the improvement in procedures and treatment, drastic improvement in survival rate is omitted. Discovery of aquaporins, at first described as cellular plumbing system, opened new insights in processes which contribute to cancer cell motility and proliferation. As we discover new pathways activated by aquaporins, the more we realize the complexity of biological processes and the necessity to fully understand the pathways affected by specific aquaporin in order to gain the desired outcome-remission of the disease. Among the 13 human aquaporins, AQP3 and AQP5 were shown to be significantly upregulated in breast cancer indicating their role in the development of this malignancy. Therefore, these two aquaporins will be discussed for their involvement in breast cancer development, regulation of oxidative stress and redox signalling pathways leading to possibly targeting them for new therapies.
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28
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Aquaporins implicated in the cell proliferation and the signaling pathways of cell stemness. Biochimie 2021; 188:52-60. [PMID: 33894294 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are water channel proteins facilitating passive transport of water and other small molecules across biomembranes. Regulation of osmotic homeostasis via AQPs is accompanied by dynamic participation of various cellular signaling pathways. Recently emerging evidence reveals that functional roles of AQPs are further extended from the osmotic regulation via water permeation into the cell proliferation and differentiation. In particular, anomalous expression of AQPs has been demonstrated in various types of cancer cells and cancer stem-like cells and it has been proposed as markers for proliferation and progression of cancer cells. Thus, a more comprehensive view on AQPs could bring a great interest in the cell stemness accompanied by the expression of AQPs. AQPs are broadly expressed across tissues and cells in a cell type- and lineage-specific manner during development via spatiotemporal transcriptional regulation. Moreover, AQPs are expressed in various adult stem cells and cells associated with a stem cell niche as well as cancer stem-like cells. However, the expression and regulatory mechanisms of AQP expression in stem cells have not been well understood. This review highlighted the AQPs expression in stem cell niches/stem cells and the involvement of AQPs in the cell proliferation and signaling pathways associated with cell stemness.
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29
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Zhu H, Wu Y, Kang M, Zhang B. MiR-877 suppresses gastric cancer progression by downregulating AQP3. J Int Med Res 2021; 48:300060520903661. [PMID: 32543927 PMCID: PMC7298432 DOI: 10.1177/0300060520903661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Gastric cancer (GC) is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms of GC remain unclear. This study investigated the role of the miR-877-AQP3 axis in GC tumorigenesis. METHODS The levels of miR-877 expression were measured in GC tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Functional assays were performed to elucidate the role of miR-877 in GC development. RESULTS Our results showed that miR-877 levels were lower in GC tissues and cell lines compared with the corresponding controls. Additionally, reduced miR-877 levels were associated with unfavorable prognoses. Increased miR-877 expression suppressed proliferation, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition, while promoting apoptosis in GC cells. Luciferase reporter assays showed that aquaporin 3 (AQP3) was a direct downstream target of miR-877. Overexpression of AQP3 partially rescued the tumor suppressive effects of miR-877 in GC cells. Moreover, miR-877 was negatively correlated with AQP3 mRNA expression in GC tissues. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that miR-877 plays a suppressive role in GC tumorigenesis by regulating AQP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yulian Wu
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Muxing Kang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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30
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Zhou Y, Li K, Du Y, Wu Z, Wang H, Zhang X, Yang Y, Chen L, Hao K, Wang Z, Lyu J. Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 is involved in epithelial-mesenchymal transformation and suppresses progress of gastric cancer. Med Oncol 2021; 38:34. [PMID: 33660148 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-021-01483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein interacting with C-kinase 1 (PICK1) is a 415-aa multidomain scaffold protein encoded by the PICK1 gene. Accumulating evidence suggests that PICK1 is involved in the progression of cancer. However, the role of PICK1 in gastric cancer (GC) remains largely unknown. Using integrated analysis of publicly available GC transcriptome data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and immunohistochemistry analysis of samples obtained from clinical GC patients, we found that PICK1 expression was significantly down-regulated in gastric tumor tissues in comparison with adjacent normal tissues. Our analyses also revealed that decreased expression of PICK1 conferred a disadvantage on overall survival time in GC patients. Additionally, PICK1 expression showed a strong association with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway, and PICK1 might represent a functional bridge for EMT. Moreover, PICK1 expression was significantly decreased in the EMT subtype of GC and was negatively correlated with the expression of fibronectin 1 (FN1) and myosin light chain 9 (MYL9) mRNAs. Thus, our study provides evidence that PICK1 is a promising biomarker for the molecular etiology of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhou
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Kaiqiang Li
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yaoqiang Du
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhaoyu Wu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yexiaoqing Yang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China
| | - Linjie Chen
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - Ke Hao
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.,Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Research Center of Blood Transfusion Medicine, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China.
| | - Jianxin Lyu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, China. .,Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Research Institute of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, China. .,School of Laboratory Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310053, China.
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31
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Edamana S, Login FH, Yamada S, Kwon TH, Nejsum LN. Aquaporin water channels as regulators of cell-cell adhesion proteins. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2021; 320:C771-C777. [PMID: 33625928 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00608.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) water channels facilitate passive transport of water across cellular membranes following an osmotic gradient. AQPs are expressed in a multitude of epithelia, endothelia, and other cell types where they play important roles in physiology, especially in the regulation of body water homeostasis, skin hydration, and fat metabolism. AQP dysregulation is associated with many pathophysiological conditions, including nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, chronic kidney disease, and congestive heart failure. Moreover, AQPs have emerged as major players in a multitude of cancers where high expression correlates with metastasis and poor prognosis. Besides water transport, AQPs have been shown to be involved in cellular signaling, cell migration, cell proliferation, and regulation of junctional proteins involved in cell-cell adhesion; all cellular processes which are dysregulated in cancer. This review focuses on AQPs as regulators of junctional proteins involved in cell-cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarannya Edamana
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Frédéric H Login
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Soichiro Yamada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California
| | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Taegu, Korea
| | - Lene N Nejsum
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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32
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Ala M, Mohammad Jafari R, Hajiabbasi A, Dehpour AR. Aquaporins and diseases pathogenesis: From trivial to undeniable involvements, a disease-based point of view. J Cell Physiol 2021; 236:6115-6135. [PMID: 33559160 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs), as transmembrane proteins, were primarily identified as water channels with the ability of regulating the transmission of water, glycerol, urea, and other small-sized molecules. The classic view of AQPs involvement in therapeutic plan restricted them and their regulators into managing only a narrow spectrum of the diseases such as diabetes insipidus and the syndrome of inappropriate ADH secretion. However, further investigations performed, especially in the third millennium, has found that their cooperation in water transmission control can be manipulated to handle other burden-imposing diseases such as cirrhosis, heart failure, Meniere's disease, cancer, bullous pemphigoid, eczema, and Sjögren's syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moein Ala
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asghar Hajiabbasi
- Guilan Rheumatology Research Center, Razi Hospital, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Brain and Spinal Cord Injury Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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33
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Hara-Chikuma M, Tanaka M, Verkman AS, Yasui M. Inhibition of aquaporin-3 in macrophages by a monoclonal antibody as potential therapy for liver injury. Nat Commun 2020; 11:5666. [PMID: 33168815 PMCID: PMC7653938 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19491-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is a transporter of water, glycerol and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) that is expressed in various epithelial cells and in macrophages. Here, we developed an anti-AQP3 monoclonal antibody (mAb) that inhibited AQP3-facilitated H2O2 and glycerol transport, and prevented liver injury in experimental animal models. Using AQP3 knockout mice in a model of liver injury and fibrosis produced by CCl4, we obtained evidence for involvement of AQP3 expression in nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) cell signaling, hepatic oxidative stress and inflammation in macrophages during liver injury. The activated macrophages caused stellate cell activation, leading to liver injury, by a mechanism involving AQP3-mediated H2O2 transport. Administration of an anti-AQP3 mAb, which targeted an extracellular epitope on AQP3, prevented liver injury by inhibition of AQP3-mediated H2O2 transport and macrophage activation. These findings implicate the involvement of macrophage AQP3 in liver injury, and provide evidence for mAb inhibition of AQP3-mediated H2O2 transport as therapy for macrophage-dependent liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariko Hara-Chikuma
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Manami Tanaka
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Keio Global Research Institute, Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Alan S Verkman
- Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Masato Yasui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Tokyo, Japan.,Keio Global Research Institute, Center for Water Biology and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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34
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Wang Z, Wang Y, He Y, Zhang N, Chang W, Niu Y. Aquaporin-1 facilitates proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells via GRB7-mediated ERK and Ras activation. Anim Cells Syst (Seoul) 2020; 24:253-259. [PMID: 33209198 PMCID: PMC7646557 DOI: 10.1080/19768354.2020.1833985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive tract, is devoid of effective treatment owing to its highly invasive ability. Aquaporins (AQPs), transmembrane water channel proteins, has been shown to be involved in the malignancy of gastric cancer. This study aims to investigate the pathophysiological roles of AQP-1 in gastric cancer. We first demonstrated quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis and found up-regulation of AQP-1 in gastric cancer cell lines. Additionally, silence of AQP-1 inhibited cell proliferation via decrease of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and minichromosome maintenance complex component 2 (MCM2). Moreover, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells were also suppressed by the interference of AQP-1. However, the tumorigenic mechanism of AQP-1 on gastric cancer is yet to be found. We demonstrated western blot analysis and found that knockdown of AQP-1 decreased protein expression of phospho (p)-GRB7 (growth factor receptor-bound protein 7) and led to a remarkable reduction of p-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) via inactivation of RAS. In general, our findings indicated that AQP-1 facilitates proliferation and invasion of gastric cancer cells via GRB7-mediated ERK and Ras activation, illuminating a novel AQP-1-RAS/ERK molecular axis as regulator in gastric cancer progression and suggesting potential implications in the treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenjie Wang
- Department of Digesting Internal Medicine, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujuan Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Affiliated Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of Digesting Internal Medicine, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chang
- Department of Ear-Nose-Throat, Affiliated Heping Hospital, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahui Niu
- Department of Digesting Internal Medicine, Changzhi City, People's Republic of China
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35
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Udompatanakorn C, Yada N, Matsuo K. Assessing the Expression of Aquaporin 3 Antigen-Recognition Sites in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2020; 28:611-620. [PMID: 31373900 PMCID: PMC7566301 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) serves as a water and glycerol transporter facilitating epithelial cell hydration. Recently, the involvement of AQP3 in cancers has been reported. However, the immunohistochemical expression of AQP3 in carcinomas remains controversial. We hypothesized that differences in aquaporin 3 antigen recognition (AQP3 AR) may influence their expressions. Thus, our study aimed to assess the immunostaining patterns of 3 AQP3 AR sites in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to compare the adjacent areas of high-grade epithelial dysplasia (HG-ED) and normal oral mucosa (NOM). The study group included formalin-fixed OSCC samples (n=51) with adjacent regions of HG-ED (n=12) and NOM (n=51). The tissues were stained with anti-AQP3 antibodies (AR sites at amino acid (AA) 250-C terminus, AA180-228, and N terminus AA1-80) by immunohistochemistry. Our results showed that strong membranous immunostaining was observed for AQP3 AR sites at the AA250-C terminus and AA180-228 in all the samples for NOM and weak AQP3 immunostaining for both the AR sites in all the 12 samples for HG-ED. The invasive front of OSCC samples showed that AQP3 AR at the AA250-C terminus decreased in 42/51 samples (82.4%) and AA180-228 in 47/51 samples (92.2%). Conversely, in the AQP3 AR site at N terminus AA1-80, all samples of the NOM showed negative or slightly positive staining in the cytoplasm of the lower layers. AQP3 expression was increased in 12/12 cases (100%) and 46/51 cases (90.2%) in the HG-ED and invasive front of OSCC, respectively. AQP3 may be used as a biomarker for detecting malignant transformations. AQP3 AR site differences influence their immunohistochemical expression in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chatchaphan Udompatanakorn
- Department of Health Promotion, Division of Oral Pathology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Division of Oral Diagnostic Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Naomi Yada
- Department of Health Promotion, Division of Oral Pathology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Kou Matsuo
- Department of Health Promotion, Division of Oral Pathology, Kyushu Dental University, Kitakyushu, Japan
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36
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Chow PH, Bowen J, Yool AJ. Combined Systematic Review and Transcriptomic Analyses of Mammalian Aquaporin Classes 1 to 10 as Biomarkers and Prognostic Indicators in Diverse Cancers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1911. [PMID: 32679804 PMCID: PMC7409285 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12071911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin (AQP) channels enable regulated transport of water and solutes essential for fluid homeostasis, but they are gaining attention as targets for anticancer therapies. Patterns of AQP expression and survival rates for patients were evaluated by systematic review (PubMed and Embase) and transcriptomic analyses of RNAseq data (Human Protein Atlas database). Meta-analyses confirmed predominantly negative associations between AQP protein and RNA expression levels and patient survival times, most notably for AQP1 in lung, breast and prostate cancers; AQP3 in esophageal, liver and breast cancers; and AQP9 in liver cancer. Patterns of AQP expression were clustered for groups of cancers and associated with risk of death. A quantitative transcriptomic analysis of AQP1-10 in human cancer biopsies similarly showed that increased transcript levels of AQPs 1, 3, 5 and 9 were most frequently associated with poor survival. Unexpectedly, increased AQP7 and AQP8 levels were associated with better survival times in glioma, ovarian and endometrial cancers, and increased AQP11 with better survival in colorectal and breast cancers. Although molecular mechanisms of aquaporins in pathology or protection remain to be fully defined, results here support the hypothesis that overexpression of selected classes of AQPs differentially augments cancer progression. Beyond fluid homeostasis, potential roles for AQPs in cancers (suggested from an expanding appreciation of their functions in normal tissues) include cell motility, membrane process extension, transport of signaling molecules, control of proliferation and apoptosis, increased mechanical compliance, and gas exchange. AQP expression also has been linked to differences in sensitivity to chemotherapy treatments, suggesting possible roles as biomarkers for personalized treatments. Development of AQP pharmacological modulators, administered in cancer-specific combinations, might inspire new interventions for controlling malignant carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Andrea J Yool
- Adelaide Medical School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide SA 5005, Australia; (P.H.C.); (J.B.)
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37
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Xie T, Wu D, Li S, Li X, Wang L, Lu Y, Song Q, Sun X, Wang X. microRNA-582 Potentiates Liver and Lung Metastasis of Gastric Carcinoma Cells Through the FOXO3-Mediated PI3K/Akt/Snail Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:5201-5212. [PMID: 32636681 PMCID: PMC7335301 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s245674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The dysregulation of microRNA (miRNAs) is broadly participated in cancer progression, resulting in sustained cell proliferation by directly targeting various targets. This study investigated the expression of miR-582 in GC and its association with liver metastasis. Methods Firstly, differentially expressed miRNAs in gastric cancer (GC) tissues were predicted by microarray. Then, the relationship between miR-582 and clinical characteristics of GC patients was analyzed. By silencing of miR-582 in GC cells, the change in malignant biological behaviors of GC cells was detected. The upstream lncRNA, downstream targeting genes of miR-582 and the corresponding signaling pathway were predicted by online databases and verified by luciferase reporter assays, RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis. Finally, the effects of miR-582 on the growth and metastasis of GC cells were detected by in vivo tumorigenesis and metastasis tests. Results MiR-582 was highly expressed in GC tissues and related to the metastasis of patients with GC. Silencing of miR-582 expression blocked malignant biological behaviors of GC cells in vitro and in vivo. MiR-582 inhibited forkhead box protein O3 (FOXO3) to upregulate the PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling pathway in GC cells. Besides, GATA6-AS1 was found as an upstream lncRNA to modulate the expression of miR-582. Conclusion MiR-582 induced by GATA6-AS1 silencing promotes the growth and metastasis of GC cells by targeting FOXO3 to induce the activation of the PI3K/AKT/Snail signaling pathway. MiR-582 could be a potential molecular therapy target for patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Xie
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuo Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongguang Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Lipeng Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixun Lu
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiying Song
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuehong Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinxin Wang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, People's Republic of China.,Department of General Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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38
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Malale K, Fu J, Qiu L, Zhan K, Gan X, Mei Z. Hypoxia-Induced Aquaporin-3 Changes Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Sensitivity to Sorafenib by Activating the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Cancer Manag Res 2020; 12:4321-4333. [PMID: 32606928 PMCID: PMC7294049 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s243918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Hypoxia-induced changes are primarily activated in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and long-term sorafenib exposure, thereby reducing the sensitivity to the drug. Aquaporin-3 (AQP3), a member of the aquaporin family, is a hypoxia-induced substance that affects the chemosensitivity of non-hepatocellular tumors. However, its expression and role in the sensitivity of hypoxic HCC cells to sorafenib-induced apoptosis remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to detect changes in AQP3 expression in hypoxic HCC cells and to determine whether these changes alter the sensitivity of these cells to sorafenib. Materials and Methods Huh7 and HepG2 hypoxic cell models were established and AQP3 expression was detected using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and Western blotting. Furthermore, the role of AQP3 in cell sensitivity to sorafenib was evaluated via flow cytometry, Western blotting, and a CCK-8 assay. Results The results of qPCR and Western blotting showed that AQP3 was overexpressed in the Huh7 and HepG2 hypoxic cell models. Furthermore, AQP3 protein levels were positively correlated with hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) levels. Compared with cells transfected with lentivirus-GFP (Lv-GFP), hypoxic cells transfected with lentivirus-AQP3 (Lv-AQP3) were less sensitive to sorafenib-induced apoptosis. However, the sensitivity to the drug increased in cells transfected with lentivirus-AQP3RNAi (Lv-AQP3RNAi). Akt and Erk phosphorylation was enhanced in Lv-AQP3-transfected cells. Compared with UO126 (a Mek1/2 inhibitor), LY294002 (a PI3K inhibitor) attenuated the AQP3-induced insensitivity to sorafenib observed in hypoxic cells transfected with Lv-AQP3. Combined with LY294002-treated cells, hypoxic cells transfected with Lv-AQP3RNAi were more sensitive to sorafenib. Conclusion The study results show that AQP3 is a potential therapeutic target for improving the sensitivity of hypoxic HCC cells to sorafenib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kija Malale
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jili Fu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Liewang Qiu
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke Zhan
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuni Gan
- Department of Nursing, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People's Republic of China
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39
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Aquaporin 3 Expression in Endometrioid Carcinoma of the Uterine Body Correlated With Early Stage and Lower Grade. Pathol Oncol Res 2020; 26:2247-2253. [PMID: 32382899 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-020-00813-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Aquaporins (AQPs) are a family of transmembrane water channel proteins distributed in various human tissues. Recent studies revealed that AQPs play important roles in cancer biology. Few studies have documented the relationship between the prognosis, stage, and histological grade of uterine endometrioid carcinoma, with AQP expression. Hence, the present study aimed to investigate this relationship between uterine endometrioid carcinoma and AQP expression. We retrospectively reviewed records of the patients who underwent surgery for uterine body cancer between 1990 and 2010 at the National Defense Medical College Hospital, Saitama, Japan. In 241 cases of endometrioid carcinoma, we immunohistochemically examined the expression of AQP 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, and their relationship with clinicopathological parameters and the patients' prognosis. We investigated the relationship between the clinicopathological parameters and AQP3 expression, and found that as the FIGO stage and histological grade progressed, the percentage of AQP3 expression tends to decrease. Furthermore, we analyzed progression-free survival/overall survival (PFS/OS) using the log-rank test, and found that the AQP3-positive group had a better prognosis than AQP3-negative group (PFS: P < 0.001, OS: P = 0.002, respectively). Using Cox's univariate proportional hazard model, we revealed that AQP3 had a low hazard ratio. However, according to Cox's multivariate proportional hazard model, AQP3 was not an independent prognostic factor. Among the endometrioid carcinoma patients, the AQP3-positive group was associated with early stage and lower grade compared to the AQP3-negative group. Therefore, AQP3 has the potential to serve as a predictor of prognosis, although further investigation is necessary to elucidate the biological mechanism of AQP3 in endometrioid carcinoma.
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40
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Bollag WB, Aitkens L, White J, Hyndman KA. Aquaporin-3 in the epidermis: more than skin deep. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 318:C1144-C1153. [PMID: 32267715 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00075.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The skin is essential for terrestrial life. It is responsible for regulating water permeability and functions as a mechanical barrier that protects against environmental insults such as microbial infection, ultraviolet light, injury, and heat and cold, which could damage the cells of the body and compromise survival of the organism. This barrier is provided by the outer layer, the epidermis, which is composed predominantly of keratinocytes; keratinocytes undergo a program of differentiation to form the stratum corneum comprising the cornified squame "bricks" and lipid "mortar." Dysregulation of this differentiation program can result in skin diseases, including psoriasis and nonmelanoma skin cancers, among others. Accumulating evidence in the literature indicates that the water-, glycerol-, and hydrogen peroxide-transporting channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3) plays a key role in various processes involved in keratinocyte function, and abnormalities in this channel have been observed in several human skin diseases. Here, we discuss the data linking AQP3 to keratinocyte proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival as well as its role in skin properties and functions like hydration, water retention, wound healing, and barrier repair. We also discuss the mechanisms regulating AQP3 levels, localization, and function and the anomalies in AQP3 that are associated with various skin diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wendy B Bollag
- Charlie Norwood Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Dermatology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.,Department of Medicine, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Lorry Aitkens
- Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Joseph White
- Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia
| | - Kelly A Hyndman
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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41
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Baj J, Brzozowska K, Forma A, Maani A, Sitarz E, Portincasa P. Immunological Aspects of the Tumor Microenvironment and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Gastric Carcinogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2544. [PMID: 32268527 PMCID: PMC7177728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with Helicobacter pylori, a Gram-negative, microaerophilic pathogen often results in gastric cancer in a subset of affected individuals. This explains why H. pylori is the only bacterium classified as a class I carcinogen by the World Health Organization. Several studies have pinpointed mechanisms by which H. pylori alters signaling pathways in the host cell to cause diseases. In this article, the authors have reviewed 234 studies conducted over a span of 18 years (2002-2020). The studies investigated the various mechanisms associated with gastric cancer induction. For the past 1.5 years, researchers have discovered new mechanisms contributing to gastric cancer linked to H. pylori etiology. Alongside alteration of the host signaling pathways using oncogenic CagA pathways, H. pylori induce DNA damage in the host and alter the methylation of DNA as a means of perturbing downstream signaling. Also, with H. pylori, several pathways in the host cell are activated, resulting in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), together with the induction of cell proliferation and survival. Studies have shown that H. pylori enhances gastric carcinogenesis via a multifactorial approach. What is intriguing is that most of the targeted mechanisms and pathways appear common with various forms of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Baj
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Karolina Brzozowska
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Amr Maani
- Chair and Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Lublin, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.F.); (A.M.)
| | - Elżbieta Sitarz
- Chair and 1st Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Early Intervention, Medical University of Lublin, Gluska Street 1, 20-439 Lublin, Poland;
| | - Piero Portincasa
- Clinica Medica “A. Murri”, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70124 Bari, Italy;
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42
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Zheng X, Li C, Yu K, Shi S, Chen H, Qian Y, Mei Z. Aquaporin-9, Mediated by IGF2, Suppresses Liver Cancer Stem Cell Properties via Augmenting ROS/β-Catenin/FOXO3a Signaling. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:992-1003. [PMID: 32229502 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs) play a critical role in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) by virtue of their aggressive behavior and association with poor prognoses. Aquaporin-9 (AQP9) is a transmembrane protein that transports water and reportedly transports H2O2. Recent studies have shown that AQP9 expression has a negative effect on HCC cell invasion by inhibiting the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition. However, the role of AQP9 in LCSCs remains obscure. We performed spheroid formation assay and flow cytometric analysis to investigate LCSCs stemness. CD133+ and CD133- cells were isolated by flow cytometry. Real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence assay were used to estimate gene expression. The protein association of β-catenin with TCF4 and the interaction of β-catenin with FOXO3a were detected by immunoprecipitation (IP). Here, we found that AQP9 was preferentially decreased in LCSCs. Upregulated AQP9 significantly suppressed LCSCs stemness. In contrast, the inhibition of AQP9 had the opposite effect. Mechanistically, AQP9 was shown to be downregulated by insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2), which was widely reported to contribute to maintaining CSCs stemness. Furthermore, AQP9 overexpression was found to result in reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, which inhibited β-catenin activity by attenuating the interaction of β-catenin with TCF4 while concurrently enhancing the association of β-catenin with FOXO3a, ultimately inhibiting LCSCs stemness. Our study implies that stimulation of the AQP9 signaling axis may be a novel preventive and/or therapeutic approach for eliminating LCSCs. IMPLICATIONS: Our findings demonstrate that AQP9 signaling axis may be a novel preventive and/or therapeutic approach for eliminating LCSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Chongqing General Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences CGH, UCAS, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuanfei Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Keqi Yu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shasha Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yanzhi Qian
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhechuan Mei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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43
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Ahmad AE, Khajah MA, Khushaish S, Luqmani YA. Aquaporin expression in breast cancer and their involvement in bleb formation, cell motility and invasion in endocrine resistant variant cells. Int J Oncol 2020; 56:1014-1024. [PMID: 32319574 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2020.4976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Estrogen receptor (ER)‑silenced breast cancer cell lines exhibit endocrine resistance and morphological changes from an epithelial to a mesenchymal phenotype. These cells also display increased motility and invasive properties that are further accentuated by exposure to an alkaline pH, exhibiting dynamic plasma membrane blebbing and cytoplasmic streaming. These latter morphological changes are hypothesized to involve substantial water movement across the plasma membrane, contributing to bleb formation; this may involve aquaporin channel proteins (AQPs). AQP 1, 3, 4 and 5 expression/localization was examined via reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR, western blotting and confocal microscopy in endocrine‑sensitive (YS1.2) and ‑resistant (pII and MDA‑MB‑231) breast cancer cells, as well as normal breast epithelial cells (MCF10A). The effects of osmotic changes on bleb formation were examined via live cell imaging. AQP3 protein expression was knocked down by small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection, and the effect of its reduced expression on bleb formation, cell motility and invasion were determined via immunofluorescence, scratch and Cultrex assays, respectively. Expression of the four AQPs varied across the different cell lines, and exhibited nuclear, cytoplasmic and membranous localization. Osmotic changes affected the formation of blebs. In pII cells exposed to alkaline pH, AQP3 was observed to be redistributed from the nucleus into the newly formed blebs. siRNA‑mediated knockdown of AQP3 in pII cells significantly reduced cellular blebbing induced by alkaline pH, as well as motility and invasion. These data suggested that AQP3, and potentially other aquaporins, may participate in the processes leading to blebbing of endocrine‑resistant cells which is proposed to be a mechanism that drives tumor metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayah E Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Maitham A Khajah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Sarah Khushaish
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
| | - Yunus A Luqmani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Safat 13110, Kuwait
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44
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Bhatti MZ, Pan L, Wang T, Shi P, Li L. REGγ potentiates TGF-β/Smad signal dependent epithelial-mesenchymal transition in thyroid cancer cells. Cell Signal 2019; 64:109412. [PMID: 31491459 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2019.109412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine cancer with an increasing incidence and mortality. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a biological process contributing to tumor progression, metastasis, and the acquisition of chemotherapy resistance. The impact of the REGγ proteasome activator on EMT in human thyroid cancer cells and the molecular mechanism is still unclear. Here, we found silencing REGγ in thyroid cancer cells inhibited cell migration and invasion, with concurrent upregulation of E-cadherin and Smurf2 expression. Mechanistically, REGγ dependent regulation of Smurf2, an E3 ligase for Smad3, contributed to alteration of Zeb1/2, Snail, Slug, and Twist. Consistently, TGF-β mediated suppression of E-cadherin was attenuated in REGγ deficient cells, coupled with changes in cell morphology, migration and invasion. Furthermore, xenograft metastasis mouse model showed a reduced E-cadherin expression at both mRNA and protein levels, and decreased cell migration. Taken together, our findings provided an important evidence for the role of REGγ in tumor suppression, thereby implicating REGγ as a potential anti-cancer strategy in thyroid cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zeeshan Bhatti
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Linian Pan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhen Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Peilin Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, 200241 Shanghai, China.
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45
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Wang Y, Wu G, Fu X, Xu S, Wang T, Zhang Q, Yang Y. Aquaporin 3 maintains the stemness of CD133+ hepatocellular carcinoma cells by activating STAT3. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:465. [PMID: 31197130 PMCID: PMC6565673 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-019-1712-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
An increasing interest in liver cancer stemness arises owing to its aggressive behavior and poor prognosis. CD133, a widely known liver cancer stem cell marker, plays critical roles in the maintenance of liver cancer stemness. Thus, exploring the regulatory mechanism of CD133 expression is significant. In the present study, we proved the carcinogenesis roles of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and demonstrated that AQP3 promotes the stem cell-like properties of hepatoma cells by regulating CD133 expression. In addition, AQP3 promoted the stimulation and nuclear translocation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) with a subsequent increase in the level of CD133 promoter-acetylated histone H3. This phenomenon accelerated CD133 transcription. Next, whether AQP3 acted as an oncogenic gene in HCC and maintained the stemness of CD133+ hepatoma cells were elucidated; also, a novel mechanism underlying the AQP3/STAT3/CD133 pathway in HCC was deduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Wang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Gang Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China.
| | - Xueyan Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Shaolin Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Tianlong Wang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
| | - Ye Yang
- Department of Geriatric Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, PR China
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46
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LMP2A induces DNA methylation and expression repression of AQP3 in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma. Virology 2019; 534:87-95. [PMID: 31220652 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2019.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) is a unique type of gastric carcinomas that promoter hypermethylation of tumor-related genes is extremely frequent to be found. Aquaporin 3 (AQP3) is a small membrane transport protein that plays a crucial role in cancer progression and metastasis. However, there is no experimental study on the expression of AQP3 in EBVaGC and the regulation mechanism of EBV on AQP3. In this study, the loss of AQP3 was contributed by the hypermethylation status of AQP3 promoter in EBVaGC which was caused by elevated expression of DNMT3a. In addition, stable and transient transfection system in SGC7901 showed that viral latent membrane protein 2A (LMP2A) activated phosphorylated ERK and up-regulated DNMT3a. Taken together, LMP2A induced the phosphorylation of ERK, which activated DNMT3a transcription and caused AQP3 expression loss through CpG island methylation of AQP3 promoter in EBVaGC.
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47
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Magouliotis DE, Tasiopoulou VS, Dimas K, Sakellaridis N, Svokos KA, Svokos AA, Zacharoulis D. Transcriptomic analysis of the Aquaporin (AQP) gene family interactome identifies a molecular panel of four prognostic markers in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Pancreatology 2019; 19:436-442. [PMID: 30826259 DOI: 10.1016/j.pan.2019.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to assess the differential gene expression of aquaporin (AQP) gene family interactome in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) using data mining techniques to identify novel candidate genes intervening in the pathogenicity of PDAC. METHOD Transcriptome data mining techniques were used in order to construct the interactome of the AQP gene family and to determine which genes members are differentially expressed in PDAC as compared to controls. The same techniques were used in order to evaluate the potential prognostic role of the differentially expressed genes. RESULTS Transcriptome microarray data of four GEO datasets were incorporated, including 142 primary tumor samples and 104 normal pancreatic tissue samples. Twenty differentially expressed genes were identified, of which nineteen were downregulated and one up-regulated. A molecular panel of four genes (Aquaporin 7 - AQP7; Archain 1 - ARCN1; Exocyst Complex Component 3 - EXOC3; Coatomer Protein Complex Subunit Epsilon - COPE) were identified as potential prognostic markers associated with overall survival. CONCLUSION These outcomes should be further assessed in vitro in order to fully understand the role of these genes in the pathophysiological mechanism of PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios E Magouliotis
- Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, Faculty of Medical Sciences, UCL, London, UK; Department of Surgery, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Vasiliki S Tasiopoulou
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Konstantinos Dimas
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
| | - Nikos Sakellaridis
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, Larissa, Greece.
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Aquaporins 1, 3 and 5 in Different Tumors, their Expression, Prognosis Value and Role as New Therapeutic Targets. Pathol Oncol Res 2019; 26:615-625. [PMID: 30927206 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-019-00646-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
All different types of metabolism of tumors are dependent on the flow of water molecules through the biological membrane, where fluid transfer interceded by aquaporins (AQPs) are the basis means for water entrance into the cells or outside them. Aquaporins play other roles including cellular migration, cellular expansion and cellular adhesion facilitation. Therefore, regulators of AQPs may be useful anticancer agents. Medline, Scopus, Embase, and Web of Sciences were searched. From among the papers found, 106 were related to the subject. All of the examined cancers in relation to AQP1 included adenoid cystic carcinoma, bladder, breast, cervical, colon, colorectal, hepatocellular, lung, ovarian, plural mesothelioma, prostate, renal cell carcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. All of the studied cancers in relation with AQP3 included gastric, breast, prostate, lung, pancreas, skin, bladder, squamous cell carcinoma, cervical, adenoid cystic carcinoma, colon, colorectal, ovarian, and hepatocellular cancers and with regard to AQP5 were lung, squamous cell carcinoma, ovarian, adenoid cystic carcinoma, breast, colon, colorectal, hepatic, pancreas, gallbladder, prostate, and gastric cancers. Over or under-expression of AQP1, 3 and is exist in the mentioned cancers across different studies. Over-expression of AQP1, AQP3 and AQP5 is clearly associated with carcinogenesis, metastasis, reduced survival rate, lymph node metastasis, poorer prognosis, and cellular migration. Also, cancer treatments in relation to these markers suggest AQP reduction during the treatment.
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Login FH, Jensen HH, Pedersen GA, Koffman JS, Kwon TH, Parsons M, Nejsum LN. Aquaporins differentially regulate cell‐cell adhesion in MDCK cells. FASEB J 2019; 33:6980-6994. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802068rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helene H. Jensen
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Department of Molecular Biology and GeneticsAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
| | - Gitte A. Pedersen
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- King's College LondonLondonUnited Kingdom
| | | | - Tae-Hwan Kwon
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell BiologySchool of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityTaeguSouth Korea
| | | | - Lene N. Nejsum
- Department of Clinical MedicineAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience CenterAarhus UniversityAarhusDenmark
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Dajani S, Saripalli A, Sharma-Walia N. Water transport proteins-aquaporins (AQPs) in cancer biology. Oncotarget 2018; 9:36392-36405. [PMID: 30555637 PMCID: PMC6284741 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
As highly conserved ubiquitous proteins, aquaporins (AQPs) play an imperative role in the development and progression of cancer. By trafficking water and other small molecules, AQPs play a vital role in preserving the cellular environment. Due to their critical role in cell stability and integrity, it would make sense that AQPs are involved in cancer progression. When AQPs alter the cellular environment, there may be several downstream effects such as alterations in cellular osmolality, volume, ionic composition, and signaling pathways. Changes in the intracellular levels of certain molecules serving as second messengers are synchronized by AQPs. Thus AQPs regulate numerous downstream effector signaling molecules that promote cancer development and progression. In numerous cancer types, AQP expression has shown a correlation with tumor stage and prognosis. Furthermore, AQPs assist in angiogenic and oxidative stress related damaging processes critical for cancer progression. This indicates that AQP proteins may be a viable therapeutic target or biomarker of cancer prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salah Dajani
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Anand Saripalli
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Neelam Sharma-Walia
- H.M. Bligh Cancer Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago Medical School, Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, Illinois, USA
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