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Deng H, Liu W, Yang X, Li K, Liao W, Zhao P, Yang Y, Wei H, Wang J, Chen Y. Preliminary evaluation and in vitro cytotoxicity studies of [131I]I-trastuzumab in HER2 expressing ovarian cancer cells. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-022-08329-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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2
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Popescu VB, Kanhaiya K, Năstac DI, Czeizler E, Petre I. Network controllability solutions for computational drug repurposing using genetic algorithms. Sci Rep 2022; 12:1437. [PMID: 35082323 PMCID: PMC8791995 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-05335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Control theory has seen recently impactful applications in network science, especially in connections with applications in network medicine. A key topic of research is that of finding minimal external interventions that offer control over the dynamics of a given network, a problem known as network controllability. We propose in this article a new solution for this problem based on genetic algorithms. We tailor our solution for applications in computational drug repurposing, seeking to maximize its use of FDA-approved drug targets in a given disease-specific protein-protein interaction network. We demonstrate our algorithm on several cancer networks and on several random networks with their edges distributed according to the Erdős-Rényi, the Scale-Free, and the Small World properties. Overall, we show that our new algorithm is more efficient in identifying relevant drug targets in a disease network, advancing the computational solutions needed for new therapeutic and drug repurposing approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Dumitru Iulian Năstac
- POLITEHNICA University of Bucharest, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications and Information Technology, 061071, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Eugen Czeizler
- Computer Science, Åbo Akademi University, 20500, Turku, Finland
- National Institute for Research and Development in Biological Sciences, 060031, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ion Petre
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Turku, 20014, Turku, Finland.
- National Institute for Research and Development in Biological Sciences, 060031, Bucharest, Romania.
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Zhou DD, Bai WQ, Zhai XT, Sun LP, Zhen YS, Li ZR, Miao QF. Excellent effects and possible mechanisms of action of a new antibody-drug conjugate against EGFR-positive triple-negative breast cancer. Mil Med Res 2021; 8:63. [PMID: 34879870 PMCID: PMC8656065 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-021-00358-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype and occurs in approximately 15-20% of diagnosed breast cancers. TNBC is characterized by its highly metastatic and recurrent features, as well as a lack of specific targets and targeted therapeutics. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is highly expressed in a variety of tumors, especially in TNBC. LR004-VC-MMAE is a new EGFR-targeting antibody-drug conjugate produced by our laboratory. This study aimed to evaluate its antitumor activities against EGFR-positive TNBC and further studied its possible mechanism of antitumor action. METHODS LR004-VC-MMAE was prepared by coupling a cytotoxic payload (MMAE) to an anti-EGFR antibody (LR004) via a linker, and the drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) was analyzed by HIC-HPLC. The gene expression of EGFR in a series of breast cancer cell lines was assessed using a publicly available microarray dataset (GSE41313) and Western blotting. MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated with LR004-VC-MMAE (0, 0.0066, 0.066, 0.66, 6.6 nmol/L), and the inhibitory effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cell proliferation were examined by CCK-8 and colony formation. The migration and invasion capacity of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells were tested at different LR004-VC-MMAE concentrations (2.5 and 5 nmol/L) with wound healing and Transwell invasion assays. Flow cytometric analysis and tumorsphere-forming assays were used to detect the killing effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on cancer stem cells in MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells. The mouse xenograft models were also used to evaluate the antitumor efficacy of LR004-VC-MMAE in vivo. Briefly, BALB/c nude mice were subcutaneously inoculated with MDA-MB-468 or MDA-MB-231 cells. Then they were randomly divided into 4 groups (n = 6 per group) and treated with PBS, naked LR004 (10 mg/kg), LR004-VC-MMAE (10 mg/kg), or doxorubicin, respectively. Tumor sizes and the body weights of mice were measured every 4 days. The effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on apoptosis and cell cycle distribution were analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting was used to detect the effects of LR004-VC-MMAE on EGFR, ERK, MEK phosphorylation and tumor stemness marker gene expression. RESULTS LR004-VC-MMAE with a DAR of 4.02 were obtained. The expression of EGFR was found to be significantly higher in TNBC cells compared with non-TNBC cells (P < 0.01). LR004-VC-MMAE inhibited the proliferation of EGFR-positive TNBC cells, and the IC50 values of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells treated with LR004-VC-MMAE for 72 h were (0.13 ± 0.02) nmol/L and (0.66 ± 0.06) nmol/L, respectively, which were significantly lower than that of cells treated with MMAE [(3.20 ± 0.60) nmol/L, P < 0.01, and (6.60 ± 0.50) nmol/L, P < 0.001]. LR004-VC-MMAE effectively inhibited migration and invasion of MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Moreover, LR004-VC-MMAE also killed tumor stem cells in EGFR-positive TNBC cells and impaired their tumorsphere-forming ability. In TNBC xenograft models, LR004-VC-MMAE at 10 mg/kg significantly suppressed tumor growth and achieved complete tumor regression on day 36. Surprisingly, tumor recurrence was not observed until the end of the experiment on day 52. In a mechanistic study, we found that LR004-VC-MMAE significantly induced cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase in MDA-MB-468 [(34 ± 5)% vs. (12 ± 2)%, P < 0.001] and MDA-MB-231 [(27 ± 4)% vs. (18 ± 3)%, P < 0.01] cells. LR004-VC-MMAE also inhibited the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes such as Oct4, Sox2, KLF4 and EpCAM. CONCLUSIONS LR004-VC-MMAE showed effective antitumor activity by inhibiting the activation of EGFR signaling and the expression of cancer stemness marker genes. It might be a promising therapeutic candidate and provides a potential therapeutic avenue for the treatment of EGFR-positive TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Dan Zhou
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Wei-Qi Bai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Xiao-Tian Zhai
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Yong-Su Zhen
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Zhuo-Rong Li
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
| | - Qing-Fang Miao
- NHC Key Laboratory of Biotechnology of Antibiotics, Institute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No.1 Tiantan Xili, Beijing, 100050 China
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Shafei MA, Flemban A, Daly C, Kendrick P, White P, Dean S, Qualtrough D, Conway ME. Differential expression of the BCAT isoforms between breast cancer subtypes. Breast Cancer 2020; 28:592-607. [PMID: 33367952 PMCID: PMC8065012 DOI: 10.1007/s12282-020-01197-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background Biological characterisation of breast cancer subtypes is essential as it informs treatment regimens especially as different subtypes have distinct locoregional patterns. This is related to metabolic phenotype, where altered cellular metabolism is a fundamental adaptation of cancer cells during rapid proliferation. In this context, the metabolism of the essential branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), catalysed by the human branched-chain aminotransferase proteins (hBCAT), offers multiple benefits for tumour growth. Upregulation of the cytosolic isoform of hBCAT (hBCATc), regulated by c-Myc, has been demonstrated to increase cell migration, tumour aggressiveness and proliferation in gliomas, ovarian and colorectal cancer but the importance of the mitochondrial isoform, hBCATm has not been fully investigated. Methods Using immunohistochemistry, the expression profile of metabolic proteins (hBCAT, IDH) was assessed between breast cancer subtypes, HER2 + , luminal A, luminal B and TNBC. Correlations between the percentage and the intensity of protein expression/co-expression with clinical parameters, such as hormone receptor status, tumour stage, lymph-node metastasis and survival, were determined. Results We show that hBCATc expression was found to be significantly associated with the more aggressive HER2 + and luminal B subtypes, whilst hBCATm and IDH1 associated with luminal A subtype. This was concomitant with better prognosis indicating a differential metabolic reliance between these two subtypes, in which enhanced expression of IDH1 may replenish the α-ketoglutarate pool in cells with increased hBCATm expression. Conclusion The cytosolic isoform of BCAT is associated with tumours that express HER2 receptors, whereas the mitochondrial isoform is highly expressed in tumours that are ER + , indicating that the BCAT proteins are regulated through different signalling pathways, which may lead to the identification of novel targets for therapeutic applications targeting dysregulated cancer metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mai Ahmed Shafei
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Arwa Flemban
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.,Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carl Daly
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Paul Kendrick
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Paul White
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Sarah Dean
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - David Qualtrough
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK
| | - Myra E Conway
- Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of England, Coldharbour Lane, Bristol, BS16 1QY, UK.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Though accounts for 2.5% of all cancers in female, the death rate of ovarian cancer is high, which is the fifth leading cause of cancer death (5% of all cancer death) in female. The 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer is less than 50%. The oncogenic molecular signaling of ovarian cancer are complicated and remain unclear, and there is a lack of effective targeted therapies for ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS In this study, we propose to investigate activated signaling pathways of individual ovarian cancer patients and sub-groups; and identify potential targets and drugs that are able to disrupt the activated signaling pathways. Specifically, we first identify the up-regulated genes of individual cancer patients using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and then identify the potential activated transcription factors. After dividing ovarian cancer patients into several sub-groups sharing common transcription factors using K-modes method, we uncover the up-stream signaling pathways of activated transcription factors in each sub-group. Finally, we mapped all FDA approved drugs targeting on the upstream signaling. RESULTS The 427 ovarian cancer samples were divided into 3 sub-groups (with 100, 172, 155 samples respectively) based on the activated TFs (with 14, 25, 26 activated TFs respectively). Multiple up-stream signaling pathways, e.g., MYC, WNT, PDGFRA (RTK), PI3K, AKT TP53, and MTOR, are uncovered to activate the discovered TFs. In addition, 66 FDA approved drugs were identified targeting on the uncovered core signaling pathways. Forty-four drugs had been reported in ovarian cancer related reports. The signaling diversity and heterogeneity can be potential therapeutic targets for drug combination discovery. CONCLUSIONS The proposed integrative network analysis could uncover potential core signaling pathways, targets and drugs for ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Institute for Informatics (I2), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Fuhai Li
- Institute for Informatics (I2), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
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Endocytic degradation of ErbB2 mediates the effectiveness of neratinib in the suppression of ErbB2-positive ovarian cancer. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 117:105640. [PMID: 31689531 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB2 is frequently found to be overexpressed in multiple cancer types. Targeted therapeutic approaches against ErbB2 have shown promising results and received FDA approvals in the treatment of breast cancer. However, this approach has not been granted in ovarian cancers till now. In order to assess the validity of ErbB2-targeted therapy in ovarian cancer, we investigated the effectiveness of two FDA-approved tyrosine kinase inhibitors of ErbB2, lapatinib and neratinib, on the growth of ovarian cancers. We observed that both lapatinib and neratinib displayed inhibitory effects towards the proliferation and migration of ErbB2-positive ovarian cancer cells in vitro, with neratinib showing stronger suppression in general. Neratinib treatment led to the reduction of ErbB2 protein levels, with concomitant attenuation of the phosphorylation of AKT, MEK, and ERK1/2. Immunofluorescence assays revealed that neratinib induced the internalization and lysosomal degradation of ErbB2, which was accompanied by its hyperubiquitylation. Lapatinib and neratinib also repressed the in vivo growth of SKOV3 cells, and neratinib downregulated ErbB2 levels in xenograft tumors to cause potent inhibition. Therefore, the ubiquitylation-mediated endocytic degradation of ErbB2 incurred by neratinib treatment conferred potent inhibition of ovarian cancer growth. Clinical investigations of neratinib in ErbB2-positive ovarian cancer are warranted.
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Negative regulators of cell death pathways in cancer: perspective on biomarkers and targeted therapies. Apoptosis 2019; 23:93-112. [PMID: 29322476 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-018-1440-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a primary cause of human fatality and conventional cancer therapies, e.g., chemotherapy, are often associated with adverse side-effects, tumor drug-resistance, and recurrence. Molecularly targeted therapy, composed of small-molecule inhibitors and immunotherapy (e.g., monoclonal antibody and cancer vaccines), is a less harmful alternative being more effective against cancer cells whilst preserving healthy tissues. Drug-resistance, however, caused by negative regulation of cell death signaling pathways, is still a challenge. Circumvention of negative regulators of cell death pathways or development of predictive and response biomarkers is, therefore, quintessential. This review critically discusses the current state of knowledge on targeting negative regulators of cell death signaling pathways including apoptosis, ferroptosis, necroptosis, autophagy, and anoikis and evaluates the recent advances in clinical and preclinical research on biomarkers of negative regulators. It aims to provide a comprehensive platform for designing efficacious polytherapies including novel agents for restoring cell death signaling pathways or targeting alternative resistance pathways to improve the chances for antitumor responses. Overall, it is concluded that nonapoptotic cell death pathways are a potential research arena for drug discovery, development of novel biomarkers and targeted therapies.
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8
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Mallmann-Gottschalk N, Sax Y, Kimmig R, Lang S, Brandau S. EGFR-Specific Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Modifies NK Cell-Mediated Antitumoral Activity against Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20194693. [PMID: 31546690 PMCID: PMC6801374 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20194693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/12/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse prognosis of most patients with ovarian cancer is related to recurrent disease caused by resistance to chemotherapeutic and targeted therapeutics. Besides their direct activity against tumor cells, monoclonal antibodies and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) also influence the antitumoral activity of immune cells, which has important implications for the design of immunotherapies. In this preclinical study, we treated different ovarian cancer cell lines with anti-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) TKIs and co-incubated them with natural killer (NK) cells. We studied treatment-related structural and functional changes on tumor and immune cells in the presence of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab and investigated NK-mediated antitumoral activity. We show that long-term exposure of ovarian cancer cells to TKIs leads to reduced responsiveness of intrinsically sensitive cancer cells over time. Inversely, neither long-term treatment with TKIs nor cetuximab could overcome the intrinsic resistance of certain ovarian cancer cells to anti-EGFR agents. Remarkably, tumor cells pretreated with anti-EGFR TKIs showed increased sensitivity towards NK cell-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In contrast, the cytokine secretion of NK cells was reduced by TKI sensitization. Our data suggest that sensitization of tumor cells by anti-EGFR TKIs differentially modulates interactions with NK cells. These data have important implications for the design of chemo-immuno combination therapies in this tumor entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Mallmann-Gottschalk
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Yvonne Sax
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Rainer Kimmig
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Stephan Lang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
| | - Sven Brandau
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.
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Ding L, Gu W, Zhang Y, Yue S, Sun H, Cornelissen JJLM, Zhong Z. HER2-Specific Reduction-Sensitive Immunopolymersomes with High Loading of Epirubicin for Targeted Treatment of Ovarian Tumor. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3855-3863. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Ding
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Gu
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Shujing Yue
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Huanli Sun
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
| | - Jeroen J. L. M. Cornelissen
- Department of Biomolecular Nanotechnology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, and State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China
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10
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Domínguez-Ríos R, Sánchez-Ramírez DR, Ruiz-Saray K, Oceguera-Basurto PE, Almada M, Juárez J, Zepeda-Moreno A, Del Toro-Arreola A, Topete A, Daneri-Navarro A. Cisplatin-loaded PLGA nanoparticles for HER2 targeted ovarian cancer therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 178:199-207. [PMID: 30856589 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The conventional treatment (cytoreduction combined with cisplatin/carboplatin and taxane drugs) of ovarian cancer has a high rate of failure and recurrence despite a favorable initial response. This lack of success is usually attributed to the development of multidrug resistance mechanisms by cancer cells and avoidance of the anti-growth effects of monoclonal targeted therapeutic antibodies. The disease, like other cancers, is characterized by the overexpression of molecular markers, including HER2 receptors. Preclinical and clinical studies with trastuzumab, a HER2-targeted therapeutic antibody, reveal a low improvement of the outcomes of HER2 positive ovarian cancer patients. Therefore, here, we propose a cisplatin-loaded, HER2 targeted poly(lactic-co-glycolic) nanoplatform, a system capable to escape the drug-efflux effect and to take advantage of the overexpressed HER2 receptors, using them as docks for targeted chemotherapy. The NP/trastuzumab ratio was determined after fluorescein labeling of antibodies and quantification of fluorescence in NPs. The system was also characterized in terms of size, zeta potential, drug release kinetics, cytotoxicity and cellular internalization in the epithelial ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3, and compared with the HER2 negative breast cancer cell line HCC70. Our results show an increased cytotoxicity of NPs as compared to free cisplatin, and moreover, an enhanced internalization and cytotoxicity due to the bionfunctionalization of NPs with the monoclonal antibody.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossina Domínguez-Ríos
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Dante R Sánchez-Ramírez
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Kassandra Ruiz-Saray
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Paola E Oceguera-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Mario Almada
- Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Sonora, Unidad Regional Sur, Lázaro Cárdenas 100, Colonia Francisco Villa, Navojoa, Sonora C.P. 85880, Mexico
| | - Josué Juárez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Unidad Centro, Hermosillo, Sonora, 83000, Mexico
| | - Abraham Zepeda-Moreno
- Instituto de Investigación en Cáncer de la Infancia y la Adolescencia (INICIA), Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Alicia Del Toro-Arreola
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
| | - Antonio Topete
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico.
| | - Adrián Daneri-Navarro
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud (CUCS), Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, 44340, Mexico
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11
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Gao Y, Tang X, Cao J, Rong R, Yu Z, Liu Y, Lu Y, Liu X, Han L, Liu J, Zhang J, Xu M, Liu F. The Effect of HER2 Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms on Cervical Cancer Susceptibility and Survival in a Chinese Population. J Cancer 2019; 10:378-387. [PMID: 30719131 PMCID: PMC6360301 DOI: 10.7150/jca.27976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Cervical cancer (CCa) is a multifactorial gynecologic disease worldwide. Effects of HER2 polymorphisms, especially those in exonic region, have been investigated in many gynecologic diseases. In this study, we evaluated the influence of functional HER2 polymorphisms on susceptibility and survival of CCa in a Chinese population. Methods: We genotyped the HER2 exonic polymorphisms by TaqMan in both case-control study (413 CCa patients vs. 396 controls) and survival study (413 CCa patients). Logistic regression and Cox regression were adopted to evaluate the genetic association with the risk and outcomes of CCa, respectively. Results: In the case-control study, there was no significant difference between patients and controls in either HER2 rs1136201 or rs1058808. However, when combined, these two polymorphisms demonstrated a significant hazardous effect for CCa (P = 0.012). Besides, number of variants was also influential (P trend =0.002). In survival analysis, dominant model of rs1136201 and co-dominant modelof rs1058808 were significantly associated with the survival (P = 0.037 and P =0.028). The combination of rs1136201 and rs1058808 also negatively impacted CCa survival (P = 0.009). Cox regression further revealed the significance of the polymorphism combination (β = 0.38, P = 0.025, HR= 1.47, 95%CI = 1.05-2.05). Functional assay of these polymorphisms demonstrated that rs1058808 G allele was associated with stronger expression of HER2 gene. Conclusions: Our results suggested that the combination of HER2 rs1136201and rs1058808 was significantly associated with the susceptibility of CCa. Besides, this combination of polymorphism s also substantially impacted the survival of CCa patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Gao
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China.,School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Xiuwu Tang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jieqin Cao
- Department Gerontology, Liuhe Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Yangzhou University, Nanjing 211500, China
| | - Rong Rong
- DepartmentofPathology,theFirstAffiliatedHospitalofNanjingMedicalUniversity, Nanjing 210029,China
| | - Zhengmin Yu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Xiaowen Liu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Lei Han
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jiting Liu
- School of Public Health, Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Occupational Disease Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Centerfor Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009,China.,Public Health Research Institute of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Institute of Suzhou Biobank, Suzhou Center for Disease Prevention andControl, Suzhou 215004, China
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12
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Masu T, Atsukawa M, Nakatsuka K, Shimizu M, Miura D, Arai T, Harimoto H, Kondo C, Kaneko K, Futagami S, Kawamoto C, Takahashi H, Iwakiri K. Anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody enhances trastuzumab-induced, natural killer cell-mediated cytotoxicity against pancreatic cancer cell lines with low human epidermal growth factor-like receptor 2 expression. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0200664. [PMID: 30596643 PMCID: PMC6312288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0200664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Because human epidermal growth factor-like receptor (HER) 2 is expressed on the surface of human pancreatic carcinoma cells to varying degrees, trastuzumab, an anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), is expected to exert antibody-dependent, natural killer (NK) cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against the cells. However, some reports found that the effect of trastuzumab against human pancreatic carcinoma cells was limited because most express only limited HER2. We examined whether anti-CD137 stimulating mAb could enhance trastuzumab-mediated ADCC against Panc-1, a human pancreatic cancer cell line with low HER2 expression, in vitro. Supplementation of anti-CD137 mAb could improve trastuzumab-mediated ADCC against Panc-1 which was insufficient without this stimulating antibody. The ADCC differed in individual cells, and this was related to the expression of CD137 on the surface of NK cells after trastuzumab stimulation in association with the Fcγ-RIIIA polymorphism. NK cells with Fcγ-RIIIA-VV/VF showed high levels of ADCC against Panc-1, but those with Fcγ-RIIIA-FF did not show optimal ADCC. In addition, trastuzumab-mediated ADCC against the human pancreatic cancer cell line Capan-1 with high HER2 expression was generally high and not affected by the Fcγ-RIIIA polymorphism. These results demonstrated that in Fcγ-RIIIA-VV/VF-carrying healthy individuals, trastuzumab plus αCD137 mAb could induce effective ADCC against HER2-low-expressing pancreatic cancer cell lines, and that such an approach may result in similar findings in patients with pancreatic cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/immunology
- Humans
- Immunity, Cellular/drug effects
- Killer Cells, Natural/immunology
- Killer Cells, Natural/pathology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Receptor, ErbB-2/genetics
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptors, IgG/genetics
- Receptors, IgG/immunology
- Trastuzumab/pharmacology
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/genetics
- Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9/immunology
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Affiliation(s)
- Takushi Masu
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masanori Atsukawa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Katsuhisa Nakatsuka
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masumi Shimizu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daishu Miura
- Division of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taeang Arai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirotomo Harimoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chisa Kondo
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Kaneko
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seiji Futagami
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Chiaki Kawamoto
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hidemi Takahashi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Iwakiri
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan
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13
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Tarhriz V, Bandehpour M, Dastmalchi S, Ouladsahebmadarek E, Zarredar H, Eyvazi S. Overview of CD24 as a new molecular marker in ovarian cancer. J Cell Physiol 2018; 234:2134-2142. [PMID: 30317611 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death among women. The high mortality rate is due to lack of early symptoms, late diagnosis, limited treatment options, and also emerging of drug resistance. Todays, molecular markers have become promising in tumor-targeted therapy. Several molecular markers have been known in OC immunotherapy. Identification of the specific molecular markers with prognostic significance is interested. CD24 is a small sialoglycoprotein which is localized in lipid rafts through its glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) anchor. It has been reported that CD24 is overexpressed in many cancers including OC. Also, CD24 is identified as a cancer stem cell marker in OC. The CD24 expression is associated with the development, invasion, and metastasis of cancer cells. The exact role of CD24 in cancer cells is not clearly understood. Recently, CD24 has been identified as an independent prognostic marker of survival in patients with OC. In this study, we reviewed the molecular targets in OC immune-targeted therapy and also presented an overview of the new molecular marker CD24 and its association with the OC by reviewing the recent literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahideh Tarhriz
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mojgan Bandehpour
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Siavoush Dastmalchi
- Biotechnology Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Near East University, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Turkey
| | - Elaheh Ouladsahebmadarek
- Women's Reproductive Health Research Center, Clinical Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Habib Zarredar
- Tuberculosis and Lung Disease Research Center, Clinical Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shirin Eyvazi
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Biotechnology Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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14
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Zhai J, Luwor RB, Ahmed N, Escalona R, Tan FH, Fong C, Ratcliffe J, Scoble JA, Drummond CJ, Tran N. Paclitaxel-Loaded Self-Assembled Lipid Nanoparticles as Targeted Drug Delivery Systems for the Treatment of Aggressive Ovarian Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:25174-25185. [PMID: 29963859 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b08125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy using cytotoxic agents, such as paclitaxel (PTX), is one of the most effective treatments for advanced ovarian cancer. However, due to nonspecific targeting of the drug and the presence of toxic solvents required for dissolving PTX prior to injection, there are several serious side effects associated with this treatment. In this study, we explored self-assembled lipid-based nanoparticles as PTX carriers, which were able to improve its antitumour efficacy against ovarian cancer. The nanoparticles were also functionalized with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) antibody fragments to explore the benefit of tumor active targeting. The formulated bicontinuous cubic- and sponge-phase nanoparticles, which were stabilized by Pluronic F127 and a lipid poly(ethylene glycol) stabilizer, showed a high capacity of PTX loading. These PTX-loaded nanoparticles also showed significantly higher cytotoxicity than a free drug formulation against HEY ovarian cancer cell lines in vitro. More importantly, the nanoparticle-based PTX treatments, with or without EGFR targeting, reduced the tumor burden by 50% compared to PTX or nondrug control in an ovarian cancer mouse xenograft model. In addition, the PTX-loaded nanoparticles were able to extend the survival of the treatment groups by up to 10 days compared to groups receiving free PTX or nondrug control. This proof-of-concept study has demonstrated the potential of these self-assembled lipid nanomaterials as effective drug delivery nanocarriers for poorly soluble chemotherapeutics, such as PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiali Zhai
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3000 , Australia
| | - Rodney B Luwor
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | - Nuzhat Ahmed
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute , Ballarat , VIC 3353 , Australia
- Federation University Australia , Ballarat , VIC 3010 , Australia
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Clayton , VIC 3168 , Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | - Ruth Escalona
- Fiona Elsey Cancer Research Institute , Ballarat , VIC 3353 , Australia
- The Hudson Institute of Medical Research , Clayton , VIC 3168 , Australia
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology , University of Melbourne , Parkville , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | - Fiona H Tan
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3000 , Australia
- Department of Surgery, Royal Melbourne Hospital , University of Melbourne , Melbourne , VIC 3052 , Australia
| | - Celesta Fong
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3000 , Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing , Clayton , VIC 3168 , Australia
| | | | - Judith A Scoble
- CSIRO Manufacturing , 343 Royal Parade , Parkville , Victoria 3052 , Australia
| | - Calum J Drummond
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3000 , Australia
| | - Nhiem Tran
- School of Science, College of Science, Engineering and Health , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3000 , Australia
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15
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Woo JH, Ahn JH, Jang DS, Lee KT, Choi JH. Effect of Kumatakenin Isolated From Cloves on the Apoptosis of Cancer Cells and the Alternative Activation of Tumor-Associated Macrophages. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:7893-7899. [PMID: 28763204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The flower bud of Syzygium aromaticum (clove) has been used for centuries as a spice and herbal medicine. The biological activities of kumatakenin, a flavonoid that has recently been isolated from cloves, are poorly characterized. In the present study, the anticancer effects of kumatakenin in human ovarian cancer cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were investigated. We found that kumatakenin exhibited significant cytotoxic activity in human ovarian cancer cells, SKOV3 and A2780. A propidium iodide and Annexin V-FITC staining assay showed that kumatakenin induces apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Kumatakenin treatment increased the activity of caspase-3, -8, and -9, and caspase inhibitors attenuated kumatakenin-induced SKOV3 cell death. In addition, kumatakenin was found to reduce the expressions of MCP-1 and RANTES, which are major determinants of macrophage recruitment at tumor sites in ovarian cancer cells. Moreover, kumatakenin inhibited the expression of M2 markers and cancer-promoting factors, including IL-10, MMP-2/-9, and VEGF, in macrophages stimulated by the ovarian cancer cells. In conclusion, these results suggest that kumatakenin shows anticancer activities by inducing apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells and inhibiting the alternative activation of TAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hwa Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Ji-Hye Ahn
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Dae Sik Jang
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Tae Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jung-Hye Choi
- College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
- Department of Life & Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University , Seoul 02447, South Korea
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16
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Siwowska K, Schmid RM, Cohrs S, Schibli R, Müller C. Folate Receptor-Positive Gynecological Cancer Cells: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2017; 10:ph10030072. [PMID: 28809784 PMCID: PMC5620616 DOI: 10.3390/ph10030072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Revised: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The folate receptor alpha (FR) is expressed in a variety of gynecological cancer types. It has been widely used for tumor targeting with folic acid conjugates of diagnostic and therapeutic probes. The cervical KB tumor cells have evolved as the standard model for preclinical investigations of folate-based (radio) conjugates. In this study, a panel of FR-expressing human cancer cell lines—including cervical (HeLa, KB, KB-V1), ovarian (IGROV-1, SKOV-3, SKOV-3.ip), choriocarcinoma (JAR, BeWo) and endometrial (EFE-184) tumor cells—was investigated in vitro and for their ability to grow as xenografts in mice. FR-expression levels were compared in vitro and in vivo and the cell lines were characterized by determination of the sensitivity towards commonly-used chemotherapeutics and the expression of two additional, relevant tumor markers, HER2 and L1-CAM. It was found that, besides KB cells, its multiresistant KB-V1 subclone as well as the ovarian cancer cell lines, IGROV-1 and SKOV-3.ip, could be used as potentially more relevant preclinical models. They would allow addressing specific questions such as the therapeutic efficacy of FR-targeting agents in tumor (mouse) models of multi-resistance and in mouse models of metastases formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaudia Siwowska
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Raffaella M Schmid
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Susan Cohrs
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
| | - Roger Schibli
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich 8093, Switzerland.
| | - Cristina Müller
- Center for Radiopharmaceutical Sciences ETH-PSI-USZ, Paul Scherrer Institut, Villigen-PSI 5232, Switzerland.
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17
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Lam K, Chan C, Reilly RM. Development and preclinical studies of 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab') 2 for imaging changes in tumor HER2 expression associated with response to trastuzumab by PET/CT. MAbs 2016; 9:154-164. [PMID: 27813707 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2016.1255389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that microSPECT/CT imaging with 111In-labeled pertuzumab detected decreased HER2 expression in human breast cancer (BC) xenografts in athymic mice associated with response to treatment with trastuzumab (Herceptin). Our aim was to extend these results to PET/CT by constructing F(ab')2 of pertuzumab modified with NOTA chelators for complexing 64Cu. The effect of the administered mass (5-200 µg) of 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab')2 was studied in NOD/SCID mice engrafted with HER2-positive SK-OV-3 human ovarian cancer xenografts. Biodistribution studies were performed in non-tumor bearing Balb/c mice to predict radiation doses to normal organs in humans. Serial PET/CT imaging was conducted on mice engrafted with HER2-positive and trastuzumab-sensitive BT-474 or trastuzumab-insensitive SK-OV-3 xenografted mice treated with weekly doses of trastuzumab. There were no significant effects of the administered mass of 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab')2 on tumor or normal tissue uptake. The predicted total body dose in humans was 0.015 mSv/MBq, a 3.3-fold reduction compared to 111In-labeled pertuzumab. MicroPET/CT images revealed specific tumor uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab')2 at 24 or 48 h post-injection in mice with SK-OV-3 tumors. Image analysis of mice treated with trastuzumab showed 2-fold reduced uptake of 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab')2 in BT-474 tumors after 1 week of trastuzumab normalized to baseline, and 1.9-fold increased uptake in SK-OV-3 tumors after 3 weeks of trastuzumab, consistent with tumor response and resistance, respectively. We conclude that PET/CT imaging with 64Cu-NOTA-pertuzumab F(ab')2 detected changes in HER2 expression in response to trastuzumab while delivering a lower total body radiation dose compared to 111In-labeled pertuzumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Lam
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Conrad Chan
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- a Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada.,b Department of Medical Imaging , University of Toronto , Toronto , ON , Canada.,c Toronto General Research Institute, University Health Network , Toronto , ON , Canada
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18
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Khan IA, Yoo BH, Masson O, Baron S, Corkery D, Dellaire G, Attardi LD, Rosen KV. ErbB2-dependent downregulation of a pro-apoptotic protein Perp is required for oncogenic transformation of breast epithelial cells. Oncogene 2016; 35:5759-5769. [PMID: 27109096 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2016.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The ability of breast cancer cells to resist anoikis, apoptosis caused by detachment of the non-malignant epithelial cells from the extracellular matrix (ECM), is thought to be critical for breast tumor growth, invasion and metastasis. ErbB2, an oncoprotein that is often overproduced in breast tumors, can block breast cancer cell anoikis via mechanisms that are understood only in part. In an effort to understand them better we found that detachment of the non-malignant human breast epithelial cells from the ECM upregulates a protein Perp in these cells. Perp is a component of the desmosomes, multiprotein complexes involved in cell-to-cell adhesion. Perp can cause apoptosis via unknown mechanisms. We demonstrated that Perp upregulation by cell detachment is driven by detachment-induced loss of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). We also found that Perp knockdown by RNA interference (RNAi) rescues detached cells from death which indicates that Perp contributes to their anoikis. We observed that ErbB2, when overexpressed in detached breast epithelial cells, causes Perp downregulation. Furthermore, ErbB2-directed RNAi or treatment with lapatinib, an ErbB2/EGFR small-molecule inhibitor used for breast cancer therapy, upregulated Perp in ErbB2-positive human breast and ovarian carcinoma cells. We established that ErbB2 downregulates Perp by activating an ErbB2 effector protein kinase Mek that blocks detachment-induced EGFR loss in a manner that requires the presence of a signaling protein Sprouty-2. Finally, we observed that restoration of the wild-type Perp levels in ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells increases their anoikis susceptibility and blocks their clonogenicity in the absence of adhesion to the ECM. In summary, we have identified a novel mechanism of ErbB2-mediated mechanism of anoikis resistance of ErbB2-overproducing breast epithelial cells. This mechanism allows such cells to grow without adhesion to the ECM and is driven by ErbB2-induced activation of Mek, subsequent EGFR upregulation and further EGFR-dependent Perp loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- I A Khan
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - B H Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - O Masson
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - S Baron
- Department of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - D Corkery
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - G Dellaire
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - L D Attardi
- Department of Radiation and Cancer Biology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - K V Rosen
- Department of Pediatrics, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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19
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Bull-Hansen B, Berstad MB, Berg K, Cao Y, Skarpen E, Fremstedal AS, Rosenblum MG, Peng Q, Weyergang A. Photochemical activation of MH3-B1/rGel: a HER2-targeted treatment approach for ovarian cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12436-51. [PMID: 26002552 PMCID: PMC4494949 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
HER2-targeted therapy has been shown to have limited efficacy in ovarian cancer despite frequent overexpression of this receptor. Photochemical internalization (PCI) is a modality for cytosolic drug delivery, currently undergoing clinical evaluation. In the present project we studied the application of PCI in combination with the HER2-targeted recombinant fusion toxin, MH3-B1/rGel, for the treatment of ovarian cancer. The SKOV-3 cell line, resistant to trastuzumab- and MH3-B1/rGel- monotherapy, was shown to respond strongly to PCI of MH3-B1/rGel to a similar extent as observed for the treatment-sensitive SK-BR-3 breast cancer cells. Extensive hydrolytic degradation of MH3-B1/rGel in acidic endocytic vesicles was indicated as the mechanism of MH3-B1/rGel resistance in SKOV-3 cells. This was shown by the positive Pearson's correlation coefficient between Alexa488-labeled MH3-B1/rGel and Lysotracker in SKOV-3 cells in contrast to the negative Pearson's correlation coefficient in SK-BR-3 cells. The application of PCI to induce the release of MH3-B1/rGel was also demonstrated to be effective on SKOV-3 xenografts. Application of PCI with MH3-B1/rGel was further found highly effective in the HER2 expressing HOC-7 and NuTu-19 ovarian cancer cell lines. The presented results warrant future development of PCI in combination with MH3-B1/rGel as a novel therapeutic approach in preclinical models of ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bente Bull-Hansen
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Maria B Berstad
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristian Berg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Yu Cao
- Immunopharmacology and Targeted Therapy Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.,Current address: The Scripps Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ellen Skarpen
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ane Sofie Fremstedal
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael G Rosenblum
- Immunopharmacology and Targeted Therapy Laboratory, Department of Experimental Therapeutics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of Pathology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anette Weyergang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
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20
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Yeung TL, Leung CS, Li F, Wong SST, Mok SC. Targeting Stromal-Cancer Cell Crosstalk Networks in Ovarian Cancer Treatment. Biomolecules 2016; 6:3. [PMID: 26751490 PMCID: PMC4808797 DOI: 10.3390/biom6010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a histologically, clinically, and molecularly diverse disease with a five-year survival rate of less than 30%. It has been estimated that approximately 21,980 new cases of epithelial ovarian cancer will be diagnosed and 14,270 deaths will occur in the United States in 2015, making it the most lethal gynecologic malignancy. Ovarian tumor tissue is composed of cancer cells and a collection of different stromal cells. There is increasing evidence that demonstrates that stromal involvement is important in ovarian cancer pathogenesis. Therefore, stroma-specific signaling pathways, stroma-derived factors, and genetic changes in the tumor stroma present unique opportunities for improving the diagnosis and treatment of ovarian cancer. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the major components of the tumor stroma that have demonstrated supportive roles in tumor progression. In this review, we highlight various types of signaling crosstalk between ovarian cancer cells and stromal cells, particularly with CAFs. In addition to evaluating the importance of signaling crosstalk in ovarian cancer progression, we discuss approaches that can be used to target tumor-promoting signaling crosstalk and how these approaches can be translated into potential ovarian cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsz-Lun Yeung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Cecilia S Leung
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Fuhai Li
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Stephen S T Wong
- Department of Systems Medicine and Bioengineering, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
- National Cancer Institute Center for Modeling Cancer Development, Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Samuel C Mok
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Eradication of growth of HER2-positive ovarian cancer with trastuzumab-DM1, an antibody-cytotoxic drug conjugate in mouse xenograft model. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2015; 24:1158-64. [PMID: 24987913 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer is 1 kind of a highly malignant gynecologic tumor, and current treatments have not achieved satisfactory effects. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies including trastuzumab and trastuzumab-DM1 (T-DM1) (antibody-cytotoxic drug conjugates) have been applied to treat HER2-overexpressing breast cancers in clinic. In the present study, we explored whether T-DM1 could effectively treat HER2-positive human ovarian carcinoma in vitro and in vivo. METHODS HER2 expressions of 6 ovarian cancer cell lines and 2 breast carcinoma cell lines were validated, and the binding capacity of T-DM1 to HER2-positive ovarian cancer SKOV3 cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Nude mice bearing intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SKOV3 xenografts were used to investigate the antitumor effect of T-DM1. RESULTS High HER2 expressions in SKOV3 cell lines were detected. The binding capacity of T-DM1 to HER2-positive SKOV3 cells was in a similar manner comparing with trastuzumab. In vitro, T-DM1 showed strong growth inhibitory on SKOV3 cells, with IC50 values of 0.15 nmol/L. Nude mice bearing intraperitoneal and subcutaneous SKOV3 xenografts were used to investigate the antitumor effects of T-DM1 in vivo. In subcutaneous xenografts model, T-DM1 (30 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) indicated significant anticancer effects. It is noteworthy that tumors were completely eradicated in the T-DM1 (30 mg/kg) group, and no regrowth was observed in a long time after the termination of the treatment. In the peritoneal xenograft model, tumor nodules in 3 of 7 mice were hardly observed in the abdominal cavity of mice after intraperitoneal injection of T-DM1 (30 mg/kg). At the same time, tumor nodules from the other 4 mice weighed on the average of only 0.07 g versus 1.77 g in control group. CONCLUSIONS Our data showed that T-DM1 possessed promising antitumor effects on HER2-overexpressing ovarian cancer in mouse model, which provided valuable references for the future clinical trials.
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Wong DYQ, Lim JH, Ang WH. Induction of targeted necrosis with HER2-targeted platinum(iv) anticancer prodrugs. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3051-3056. [PMID: 28706680 PMCID: PMC5490001 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00015g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Accepted: 03/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well-recognized that the failure of many chemotherapeutics arises due to an inability to induce apoptosis. Most cancers acquire a myriad of pro-survival adaptations, and the vast heterogeneity and accumulation of multiple often unrelated anti-apoptotic signaling pathways have been a major stumbling block towards the development of conventional chemotherapeutics, which can overcome drug resistance. We have developed highly potent and selective HER2-targeted Pt(iv) prodrugs bearing anti-HER2/neu peptides that induce targeted necrosis as a novel strategy to circumvent apoptosis-resistance. These Pt(iv)-peptide conjugates exhibit a unique biphasic mode of cytotoxicity comprising rapid killing of cancer cells via necrosis in the first phase followed by an extended and gradual phase of delayed cell death. We demonstrate that these Pt(iv)-peptide prodrugs are more potent than their Pt(ii) congeners in direct cell-killing and exhibit comparable long-term inhibition of proliferative capacity and with greater selectivity against HER2-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Yuan Qiang Wong
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore . ; Tel: +65 6516 5131
| | - Jun Han Lim
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore . ; Tel: +65 6516 5131
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry , National University of Singapore , Singapore 117543 , Singapore . ; Tel: +65 6516 5131.,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering , Centre for Life Sciences (CeLS) , Singapore 117456 , Singapore
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Goltsov A, Deeni Y, Khalil HS, Soininen T, Kyriakidis S, Hu H, Langdon SP, Harrison DJ, Bown J. Systems analysis of drug-induced receptor tyrosine kinase reprogramming following targeted mono- and combination anti-cancer therapy. Cells 2014; 3:563-91. [PMID: 24918976 PMCID: PMC4092865 DOI: 10.3390/cells3020563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2014] [Revised: 05/14/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are key drivers of cancer progression and targets for drug therapy. A major challenge in anti-RTK treatment is the dependence of drug effectiveness on co-expression of multiple RTKs which defines resistance to single drug therapy. Reprogramming of the RTK network leading to alteration in RTK co-expression in response to drug intervention is a dynamic mechanism of acquired resistance to single drug therapy in many cancers. One route to overcome this resistance is combination therapy. We describe the results of a joint in silico, in vitro, and in vivo investigations on the efficacy of trastuzumab, pertuzumab and their combination to target the HER2 receptors. Computational modelling revealed that these two drugs alone and in combination differentially suppressed RTK network activation depending on RTK co-expression. Analyses of mRNA expression in SKOV3 ovarian tumour xenograft showed up-regulation of HER3 following treatment. Considering this in a computational model revealed that HER3 up-regulation reprograms RTK kinetics from HER2 homodimerisation to HER3/HER2 heterodimerisation. The results showed synergy of the trastuzumab and pertuzumab combination treatment of the HER2 overexpressing tumour can be due to an independence of the combination effect on HER3/HER2 composition when it changes due to drug-induced RTK reprogramming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Goltsov
- Scottish Informatics, Mathematics, Biology and Statistics Centre (SIMBIOS), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
| | - Yusuf Deeni
- Scottish Informatics, Mathematics, Biology and Statistics Centre (SIMBIOS), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
| | - Hilal S Khalil
- Scottish Informatics, Mathematics, Biology and Statistics Centre (SIMBIOS), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
| | - Tero Soininen
- Scottish Informatics, Mathematics, Biology and Statistics Centre (SIMBIOS), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
| | | | - Huizhong Hu
- Lester and Sue Smith Breast Center, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
| | - Simon P Langdon
- Division of Pathology, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, EH4 2XU, United Kingdom.
| | - David J Harrison
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, KY16 9TF, United Kingdom.
| | - James Bown
- Scottish Informatics, Mathematics, Biology and Statistics Centre (SIMBIOS), Abertay University, Dundee, DD1 1HG, United Kingdom.
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Yu Y, Zhang M, Zhang X, Cai Q, Hong S, Jiang W, Xu C. Synergistic effects of combined platelet-activating factor receptor and epidermal growth factor receptor targeting in ovarian cancer cells. J Hematol Oncol 2014; 7:39. [PMID: 24886678 PMCID: PMC4028110 DOI: 10.1186/1756-8722-7-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Genetic alterations, including the overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), play a crucial role in ovarian carcinogenesis. To date, EGFR targeting has shown limited antitumor effects in ovarian cancer when administered as monotherapy. We previously identified platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR) as being overexpressed in ovarian cancer and found that its ligand PAF evoked EGFR phosphorylation. To determine whether PAFR targeting can enhance the antitumor efficacy of EGFR inhibition, we investigated the effects of a PAFR antagonist (WEB2086) in conjunction with an EGFR inhibitor (AG1478). Methods The expression of EGFR and PAFR in CAOV-3 and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cell lines was measured by Western blot and immunocytochemistry. Synergy was determined using isobologram analysis. The effects of combined PAFR and EGFR targeting on both cells were assessed by using CCK-8, transwell, flow cytometry, western blot analysis. In vivo studies were conducted using CAOV-3 cells xenografted in nu/nu mice. Results Treatment with combination WEB2086 and AG1478 resulted in significantly greater inhibition of proliferation and invasion compared to either drug alone. When examining equipotent combinations of WEB2086 and AG1478 to determine potential synergy, a combination index (CI) of 0.49 was identified for CAOV-3 cells and a CI of 0.58 for SKOV-3 cells indicating synergy. This co-inhibition induced significantly more apoptosis and arrested the cells at G0/G1 phase in both cell lines. The activation of PAFR and/or EGFR induced phosphorylation of the mTOR, AKT, and MAPK pathways. Combined PAFR and EGFR targeting synergistically diminished the expression of PAFR and EGFR phosphorylation and downstream signaling. In vivo studies further verified the antitumor effects of combined PAFR and EGFR targeting in a CAOV-3 xenograft model. Conclusions These results suggest that WEB2086 and AG1478 are synergistic in ovarian cancer cells with high expression of both PAFR and EGFR. The presented approach may have important therapeutic implications in the treatment of ovarian cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Wei Jiang
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Fudan University, No,419 Fang-Xie Road, Shanghai, 200011, People's Republic of China.
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Molecular imaging of EGFR/HER2 cancer biomarkers by protein MRI contrast agents. J Biol Inorg Chem 2013; 19:259-70. [PMID: 24366655 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-013-1076-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2013] [Accepted: 12/06/2013] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and HER2 are major prognosis biomarkers and drug targets overexpressed in various types of cancer cells. There is a pressing need to develop MRI contrast agents capable of enhancing the contrast between normal tissues and tumors with high relaxivity, capable of targeting tumors, and with high intratumoral distribution and minimal toxicity. In this review, we first discuss EGFR signaling and its role in tumor progression as a major drug target. We then report our progress in the development of protein contrast agents with significant improvement of both r1 and r2 relaxivities, pharmacokinetics, in vivo retention time, and in vivo dose efficiency. Finally, we report our effort in the development of EGFR-targeted protein contrast agents with the capability to cross the endothelial boundary and with good tissue distribution across the entire tumor mass. The noninvasive capability of MRI to visualize spatially and temporally the intratumoral distribution as well as quantify the levels of EGFR and HER2 would greatly improve our ability to track changes of the biomarkers during tumor progression, monitor treatment efficacy, aid in patient selection, and further develop novel targeted therapies for clinical application.
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HER2 amplification and overexpression are significantly correlated in mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer. Hum Pathol 2013; 45:810-6. [PMID: 24656091 DOI: 10.1016/j.humpath.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2013] [Revised: 11/24/2013] [Accepted: 11/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
HER2 gene amplification and protein over-expression are important factors in predicting clinical sensitivity to anti-HER2 therapies in breast, gastric or gastroesophageal junction cancer patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between HER2 gene copy numbers and HER2 protein expressions in mucinous epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Of the 49 tissue microarray samples of mucinous EOC, we applied 2010 ToGA trial (Trastuzumab for Gastric Cancer) surgical specimen scoring criteria to analyze the HER2 protein expression by an immunohistochemistry (IHC) test with Dako (Carpenteria, CA), c-erb-B2 antibody, and the HER2 gene amplification by the fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) test with Abbott/Vysis PathVysion HER2 DNA Probe Kit (Abbott Molecular Inc., Des Plaines, IA). We achieved a high overall concordance of 97.56% between nonequivocal HER2 results by IHC and FISH tests. In addition, HER2 gene copies before chromosome-17 correction increased significantly in a stepwise order through the negative, equivocal and positive IHC result categories (P<.001), as did the HER2 gene copies after chromosome-17 correction (P<.001). On the other hand, HER2 IHC results correlated significantly with both chromosome-17-uncorrected HER2 gene copy numbers (ρ=0.630, P<.001) and chromosome-17 corrected HER2 gene copy numbers (ρ=0.558, P<.001). We concluded that both chromosome-17 corrected and uncorrected HER2 gene copies correlated significantly with HER2 IHC results. Tests for the HER2 gene copies per tumor cell either before or after correction of chromosome-17 can be applied as a potentially valuable tool to analyze the HER2 status in mucinous EOC.
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Jia Y, Zhang Y, Qiao C, Liu G, Zhao Q, Zhou T, Chen G, Li Y, Feng J, Li Y, Zhang Q, Peng H. IGF-1R and ErbB3/HER3 contribute to enhanced proliferation and carcinogenesis in trastuzumab-resistant ovarian cancer model. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2013; 436:740-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2013.06.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Safe and targeted anticancer therapy for ovarian cancer using a novel class of curcumin analogs. J Ovarian Res 2013; 6:35. [PMID: 23663277 PMCID: PMC3665575 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-6-35] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A diagnosis of advanced ovarian cancer is the beginning of a long and arduous journey for a patient. Worldwide, approximately half of the individuals undergoing therapy for advanced cancer will succumb to the disease, or consequences of treatment. Well-known and widely-used chemotherapeutic agents such as cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and doxorubicin are toxic to both cancer and non-cancerous cells, and have debilitating side effects Therefore, development of new targeted anticancer therapies that can selectively kill cancer cells while sparing the surrounding healthy tissues is essential to develop more effective therapies. We have developed a new class of synthetic curcumin analogs, diarylidenyl-piperidones (DAPs), which have higher anticancer activity and enhanced bio-absorption than curcumin. The DAP backbone structure exhibits cytotoxic (anticancer) activity, whereas the N-hydroxypyrroline (-NOH) moiety found on some variants functions as a cellular- or tissue-specific modulator (antioxidant) of cytotoxicity. The anticancer activity of the DAPs has been evaluated using a number of ovarian cancer cell lines, and the safety has been evaluated in a number of non-cancerous cell lines. Both variations of the DAP compounds showed similar levels of cell death in ovarian cancer cells, however the compounds with the -NOH modification were less toxic to non-cancerous cells. The selective cytotoxicity of the DAP-NOH compounds suggests that they will be useful as safe and effective anticancer agents. This article reviews some of the key findings of our work with the DAP compounds, and compares this to some of the targeted therapies currently used in ovarian cancer therapy.
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Kawamoto M, Horibe T, Kohno M, Kawakami K. HER2-targeted hybrid peptide that blocks HER2 tyrosine kinase disintegrates cancer cell membrane and inhibits tumor growth in vivo. Mol Cancer Ther 2013; 12:384-93. [PMID: 23358664 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-12-0357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HER2 is a transmembrane oncoprotein encoded by the HER2/neu gene and is overexpressed in approximately 20% to 30% of breast cancers. We have recently designed a novel class of drug, the hybrid peptide, which is chemically synthesized and is composed of a target-binding peptide and a lytic peptide containing cationic-rich amino acid components that disintegrate the cell membrane, leading to cancer cell death via membrane lysis. In this study, we designed a HER2-binding peptide linked to this novel lytic peptide, which we termed the HER2-lytic hybrid peptide and assessed the cytotoxic activity of this hybrid peptide in vitro and in vivo. The HER2-lytic hybrid peptide showed high cytotoxic activity against all ovarian and breast cancer cell lines, even trastuzumab- and/or lapatinib-resistant cells, but not against normal cells. Competition assays using anti-HER2 antibody and knockdown of this receptor by siRNA confirmed the specificity of the HER2-lytic hybrid peptide. In addition, it was shown that the HER2-lytic hybrid peptide can disintegrate the cancer cell membrane of HER2-overexpressing SK-BR-3 cancer cells in only 5 minutes, but not normal cells, and block HER2 signaling. Intravenous administration of the HER2-lytic peptide in the athymic mouse implanted with BT-474 and MDA-MB-453 cells significantly inhibited tumor progression. The HER2-lytic hybrid peptide was effective even in breast cancer cell lines that are resistant to trastuzumab and/or lapatinib in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this hybrid peptide may provide a potent treatment option for patients with cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megumi Kawamoto
- Department of Pharmacoepidemiology, Graduate School of Medicine and Public Health, Kyoto University, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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Azhdarinia A, Ghosh P, Ghosh S, Wilganowski N, Sevick-Muraca EM. Dual-labeling strategies for nuclear and fluorescence molecular imaging: a review and analysis. Mol Imaging Biol 2012; 14:261-76. [PMID: 22160875 PMCID: PMC3346941 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-011-0528-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging is used for the detection of biochemical processes through the development of target-specific contrast agents. Separately, modalities such as nuclear and near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) imaging have been shown to non-invasively monitor disease. More recently, merging of these modalities has shown promise owing to their comparable detection sensitivity and benefited from the development of dual-labeled imaging agents. Dual-labeled agents hold promise for whole-body and intraoperative imaging and could bridge the gap between surgical planning and image-guided resection with a single, molecularly targeted agent. In this review, we summarized the literature for dual-labeled antibodies and peptides that have been developed and have highlighted key considerations for incorporating NIRF dyes into nuclear labeling strategies. We also summarized our findings on several commercially available NIRF dyes and offer perspectives for developing a toolkit to select the optimal NIRF dye and radiometal combination for multimodality imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Azhdarinia
- Center for Molecular Imaging, The Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, The University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
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Polanovski OL, Lebedenko EN, Deyev SM. ERBB oncogene proteins as targets for monoclonal antibodies. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2012; 77:227-45. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297912030029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Garcia AA, Sill MW, Lankes HA, Godwin AK, Mannel RS, Armstrong DK, Carolla RL, Liepman MK, Spirtos NM, Fischer EG, Leslie KK. A phase II evaluation of lapatinib in the treatment of persistent or recurrent epithelial ovarian or primary peritoneal carcinoma: a gynecologic oncology group study. Gynecol Oncol 2012; 124:569-74. [PMID: 22037316 PMCID: PMC3971755 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activation and dimerization of the ERBB family play a role in the pathogenesis and progression of ovarian cancer. We conducted a phase II trial to evaluate the activity and tolerability of lapatinib in patients with recurrent or persistent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) and to explore the clinical value of expression levels of epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR), phosphorylated EGFR, HER-2/neu, and Ki-67, and the presence of EGFR mutations. METHODS Eligible patients had recurrent or persistent EOC or primary peritoneal carcinoma, measurable disease, and up to 2 prior chemotherapy regimens for recurrent disease. Patients were treated with lapatinib 1500 mg/day. The primary endpoint of efficacy was 6-month progression free survival (PFS). RESULTS Twenty-five of 28 patients were eligible and evaluable for analysis of efficacy and toxicity. Two (8.0%) were alive and progression-free at 6 months. No objective responses were observed. There were 1 grade 4 toxicity (fatigue) and few grade 3 toxicities. Associations between Ki-67 with prior platinum-free interval, PFS, and a polymorphism in EGFR were suggested. CONCLUSIONS Lapatinib has minimal activity in recurrent ovarian cancer. Ki-67 expression may be associated with prior PFS and a polymorphism in EGFR exon 20 (2361G>A, Q787Q).
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Wilken JA, Badri T, Cross S, Raji R, Santin AD, Schwartz P, Branscum AJ, Baron AT, Sakhitab AI, Maihle NJ. EGFR/HER-targeted therapeutics in ovarian cancer. Future Med Chem 2012; 4:447-69. [PMID: 22416774 PMCID: PMC4620931 DOI: 10.4155/fmc.12.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite decades of research and evolving treatment modalities, survival among patients with epithelial ovarian cancer has improved only incrementally. During this same period, the development of biologically targeted therapeutics has improved survival for patients with diverse malignancies. Many of these new drugs target the human epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/HER/ErbB) family of tyrosine kinases, which play a major role in the etiology and progression of many carcinomas, including epithelial ovarian cancer. While several HER-targeted therapeutics are US FDA approved for the treatment of various malignancies, none have gained approval for the treatment of ovarian cancer. Here, we review the published literature on HER-targeted therapeutics for the treatment of ovarian cancer, including novel HER-targeted therapeutics in various stages of clinical development, as well as the challenges that have limited the use of these inhibitors in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Wilken
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Tayf Badri
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Sarah Cross
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Rhoda Raji
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Peter Schwartz
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Adam J Branscum
- Oregon State University, School of Biological & Population Health Sciences
| | - Andre T Baron
- University of Kentucky, Departments of Epidemiology, & Obstetrics & Gynecology
| | - Adam I Sakhitab
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
| | - Nita J Maihle
- Yale University, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences
- Yale University, Departments of Pathology & Pharmacology
- PO Box 208063, 333 Cedar Street, New Haven, CT 06520, USA
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Delie F, Allemann E, Cohen M. Nanocarriers for ovarian cancer active drug targeting. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(12)50068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Preston CC, Goode EL, Hartmann LC, Kalli KR, Knutson KL. Immunity and immune suppression in human ovarian cancer. Immunotherapy 2011; 3:539-56. [PMID: 21463194 DOI: 10.2217/imt.11.20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical outcomes in ovarian cancer are heterogeneous, independent of common features such as stage, response to therapy and grade. This disparity in outcomes warrants further exploration into tumor and host characteristics. One compelling issue is the response of the patient's immune system to her ovarian cancer. Several studies have confirmed a prominent role for the immune system in modifying disease course. This has led to the identification and evaluation of novel immune-modulating therapeutic approaches such as vaccination and antibody therapy. Antitumor immunity, however, is often negated by immune suppression mechanisms present in the tumor microenvironment. Thus, in the future, research into immunotherapy targeting ovarian cancer will probably become increasingly focused on combination approaches that simultaneously augment immunity while preventing local immune suppression. In this article, we summarize important immunological issues that could influence ovarian cancer outcome, including tumor antigens, endogenous immune responses, immune escape and new and developing immunotherapeutic strategies.
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Gao Y, Wu Q, Wu ZS, Zhang GH, Zhang AL. Effects of an Engineered Anti-HER2 Antibody chA21 on Invasion of Human Ovarian Carcinoma Cell In Vitro. Chin J Cancer Res 2011; 23:147-52. [PMID: 23482689 DOI: 10.1007/s11670-011-0147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Accepted: 02/11/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HER-2 plays an important role in the development and progression of ovarian carcinoma. A number of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and engineered antibody fragments (such as scFvs) against the subdomain II or IV of HER-2 extracellular domain (ECD) have been developed. We investigated the effect of chA21, an engineered anti-HER-2 antibody that bind primarily to subdomain I, on ovarian carcinoma cell invasion in vitro, and explored its possible mechanisms. METHODS Growth inhibition of SK-OV-3 cells was assessed using a Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay. The invasion ability of SK-OV-3 was determined by a Transwell invasion assay. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) and its tissue inhibitors (TIMP-2) was detected by immunocytochemical staining, and the expression of p38 and the phosphorylation of p38 were assayed by both immunocytochemistry and Western blot. RESULTS After treatment with chA21, the invasion of human ovarian cancer SK-OV-3 cells was inhibited in dose- and time-dependent manners. Simultaneously the expression of p38, phospho-p38, MMP-2 and the MMP-2/TIMP-2 ratio decreased, while TIMP-2 expression increased. Additionally, the decrease in phospho-p38 was much greater than that of p38. CONCLUSION chA21 may inhibit SK-OV-3 cell invasion via the signal transduction pathway involving MMP-2, TIMP-2, p38 and the activation of p38MAPK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Gao
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
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Abstract
Trastuzumab is the first Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved therapeutic targeting a HER-family receptor tyrosine kinase (HER2/ErbB2/neu). Although trastuzumab is effective in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer, a substantial proportion of patients will not respond to trastuzumab-based regimens (primary resistance), and those who do respond will often lose clinical benefits (i.e., secondary resistance). Although multiple mechanisms underlying the development of secondary trastuzumab resistance have been identified, few studies have specifically examined the basis of primary trastuzumab resistance. Here, we review these studies, which together demonstrate that trastuzumab induces phenotypic changes in tumor cells, even when they are not growth inhibited by trastuzumab, including changes in gene expression. These changes have important clinical implications, including the sensitization of malignant cells to other therapeutic drugs. In light of these observations, we propose that the conventional definition of resistance as it pertains to trastuzumab and, perhaps, to other targeted therapeutics, may require revision. The results of these studies will be useful in informing the direction of future basic and clinical research focused on overcoming primary trastuzumab resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Wilken
- Yale University, School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Tsai WC, Lee MY, Chen FL, Wang PH, Lin WL, Ruan A, Li YJ, Wang SC, Chiang H, Han CP. The HER2 gene copies per tumor cell either before or after correction for chromosome-17 correlated significantly with HER2 IHC results in epithelial ovarian cancer in a tissue microarray study. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2010; 284:721-9. [PMID: 21046136 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-010-1708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2010] [Accepted: 08/24/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND HER2 gene amplification and HER2 protein overexpression are important factors in predicting clinical sensitivity to anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody therapy in breast cancer patients. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the correlation between HER2 protein expressions and the HER2 gene copies per tumor cell either before or after chromosome-17 correction in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS Adopting 2007 ASCO/CAP guideline recommendations for HER2 testing, 27 tissue microarray (TMA) samples from EOC patients were analyzed by immunohistochemistry (IHC) using Dako, c-erb-B2 antibody and subsequently examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using Abbott/Vysis, PathVysion HER2 DNA Probe Kit. RESULTS The overall concordance revealed 81.5% between HER2 IHC and HER2 FISH results. Additionally, HER2 gene copies prior to chromosome-17 correction increased significantly in a stepwise order through the negative, equivocal, and positive IHC result categories (P = 0.026), as did the HER2 gene copies after chromosome-17 correction (P = 0.028). On the other hand, HER2 IHC results correlated significantly with both chromosome-17 uncorrected HER2 gene copy numbers (ρ = 0.430, P = 0.025) and chromosome-17 corrected HER2 gene copy numbers (ρ = 0.524, P = 0.027). CONCLUSION We demonstrated that both chromosome-17 corrected and uncorrected HER2 gene copies correlated significantly with HER2 IHC result categories; and tests for the HER2 gene copies per tumor cell either before or after correction for chromosome-17 can be applied as a potentially valuable tool in analyzing the HER2 status in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Chih Tsai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Po-Jen General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Zhang A, Shen G, Zhao T, Zhang G, Liu J, Song L, Wei W, Bing L, Wu Z, Wu Q. Augmented inhibition of angiogenesis by combination of HER2 antibody chA21 and trastuzumab in human ovarian carcinoma xenograft. J Ovarian Res 2010; 3:20. [PMID: 20723224 PMCID: PMC2939608 DOI: 10.1186/1757-2215-3-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2010] [Accepted: 08/19/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background chA21 is a novel tumor-inhibitory antibody which recognized subdomain I of HER2 extracellular domain with an epitope distinct from other HER2 antibodies. Previously, we demonstrated that chA21 inhibits human ovarian carcinoma cell line SKOV-3 growth in vitro and in vivo study. In this study, we further investigated the anti-angiogenic efficacy combination of chA21 with trastuzumab in SKOV-3 xenograft model. Methods Nude mice were s.c. challenged with SKOV-3 cells and received treatment of chA21 alone, trastuzumab alone or both antibodies together twice a week for 21 days. Tumor volume and microvessel density (MVD) were evaluated. The effect of chA21 plus trastuzumab treament on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion, endothelial cells proliferation and migration, and the status of HER2 downstream pathway AKT/phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) were evaluated in vitro. Results In vivo study combination of chA21 with trastuzumab resulted in reduce tumor growth and angiogenesis than each monotherapy. In vitro study, the combination of chA21 with trastuzumab inhibits VEGF secretion, endothelial cells proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the combination treatment inhibits pAKT expression. Conclusion Our findings suggested that the combination of chA21 with trastuzumab can cause augmented inhibition of angiogenesis in SKOV-3 xenograft model. Inhibition of agniogenesis may through suppression of AKT pathway. The therapeutic benefits of combination chA21 with trastuzumab warrant further study in an attempt to make the translation into the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anli Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Anhui Medical University, Meishan Road, Hefei, China.
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