1
|
Uziel O, Lipshtein L, Sarsor Z, Beery E, Bogen S, Lahav M, Regev A, Kliminski V, Sharan R, Gervits A, Signorini LF, Shimony S, Raanani P, Rozovski U. Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL)-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Educate Endothelial Cells to Become IL-6-Producing, CLL-Supportive Cells. Biomedicines 2024; 12:1381. [PMID: 39061955 PMCID: PMC11273944 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12071381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We hypothesized that via extracellular vesicles (EVs), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) cells turn endothelial cells into CLL-supportive cells. To test this, we treated vein-derived (HUVECs) and artery-derived (HAOECs) endothelial cells with EVs isolated from the peripheral blood of 45 treatment-naïve patients. Endothelial cells took up CLL-EVs in a dose- and time-dependent manner. To test whether CLL-EVs turn endothelial cells into IL-6-producing cells, we exposed them to CLL-EVs and found a 50% increase in IL-6 levels. Subsequently, we filtered out the endothelial cells and added CLL cells to this IL-6-enriched medium. After 15 min, STAT3 became phosphorylated, and there was a 40% decrease in apoptosis rate, indicating that IL-6 activated the STAT3-dependent anti-apoptotic pathway. Phospho-proteomics analysis of CLL-EV-exposed endothelial cells revealed 23 phospho-proteins that were upregulated, and network analysis unraveled the central role of phospho-β-catenin. We transfected HUVECs with a β-catenin-containing plasmid and found by ELISA a 30% increase in the levels of IL-6 in the culture medium. By chromatin immunoprecipitation assay, we observed an increased binding of three transcription factors to the IL-6 promoter. Importantly, patients with CLL possess significantly higher levels of peripheral blood IL-6 compared to normal individuals, suggesting that the inducers of endothelial IL-6 are the neoplastic EVs derived from the CLL cells versus those of healthy people. Taken together, we found that CLL cells communicate with endothelial cells through EVs that they release. Once they are taken up by endothelial cells, they turn them into IL-6-producing cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Orit Uziel
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Lian Lipshtein
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Zinab Sarsor
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
| | - Einat Beery
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
| | - Shaked Bogen
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
| | - Meir Lahav
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Alon Regev
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
| | - Vitali Kliminski
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
| | - Roded Sharan
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (A.G.); (L.F.S.)
| | - Asia Gervits
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (A.G.); (L.F.S.)
| | - Lorenzo Federico Signorini
- Blavatnik School of Computer Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; (R.S.); (A.G.); (L.F.S.)
| | - Shai Shimony
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Pia Raanani
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Uri Rozovski
- The Felsenstein Medical Research Center, Rabin Medical Center Petah-Tikva, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel; (L.L.); (Z.S.); (E.B.); (M.L.); (A.R.); (V.K.); (S.S.); (P.R.); (U.R.)
- Institute of Hematology, Davidoff Cancer Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel;
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Goenka A, Khan F, Verma B, Sinha P, Dmello CC, Jogalekar MP, Gangadaran P, Ahn B. Tumor microenvironment signaling and therapeutics in cancer progression. Cancer Commun (Lond) 2023; 43:525-561. [PMID: 37005490 PMCID: PMC10174093 DOI: 10.1002/cac2.12416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor development and metastasis are facilitated by the complex interactions between cancer cells and their microenvironment, which comprises stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM) components, among other factors. Stromal cells can adopt new phenotypes to promote tumor cell invasion. A deep understanding of the signaling pathways involved in cell-to-cell and cell-to-ECM interactions is needed to design effective intervention strategies that might interrupt these interactions. In this review, we describe the tumor microenvironment (TME) components and associated therapeutics. We discuss the clinical advances in the prevalent and newly discovered signaling pathways in the TME, the immune checkpoints and immunosuppressive chemokines, and currently used inhibitors targeting these pathways. These include both intrinsic and non-autonomous tumor cell signaling pathways in the TME: protein kinase C (PKC) signaling, Notch, and transforming growth factor (TGF-β) signaling, Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) stress response, lactate signaling, Metabolic reprogramming, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) and Siglec signaling pathways. We also discuss the recent advances in Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 (PD-1), Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Associated Protein 4 (CTLA4), T-cell immunoglobulin mucin-3 (TIM-3) and Lymphocyte Activating Gene 3 (LAG3) immune checkpoint inhibitors along with the C-C chemokine receptor 4 (CCR4)- C-C class chemokines 22 (CCL22)/ and 17 (CCL17), C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2)- chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2), C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5)- chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 3 (CCL3) chemokine signaling axis in the TME. In addition, this review provides a holistic understanding of the TME as we discuss the three-dimensional and microfluidic models of the TME, which are believed to recapitulate the original characteristics of the patient tumor and hence may be used as a platform to study new mechanisms and screen for various anti-cancer therapies. We further discuss the systemic influences of gut microbiota in TME reprogramming and treatment response. Overall, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of the diverse and most critical signaling pathways in the TME, highlighting the associated newest and critical preclinical and clinical studies along with their underlying biology. We highlight the importance of the most recent technologies of microfluidics and lab-on-chip models for TME research and also present an overview of extrinsic factors, such as the inhabitant human microbiome, which have the potential to modulate TME biology and drug responses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshika Goenka
- The Ken & Ruth Davee Department of NeurologyThe Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer CenterNorthwestern University Feinberg School of MedicineChicago, 60611ILUSA
| | - Fatima Khan
- Department of Neurological SurgeryFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicago, 60611ILUSA
| | - Bhupender Verma
- Department of OphthalmologySchepens Eye Research InstituteMassachusetts Eye and Ear InfirmaryHarvard Medical SchoolBoston, 02114MAUSA
| | - Priyanka Sinha
- Department of NeurologyMassGeneral Institute for Neurodegenerative DiseaseMassachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical SchoolCharlestown, 02129MAUSA
| | - Crismita C. Dmello
- Department of Neurological SurgeryFeinberg School of MedicineNorthwestern UniversityChicago, 60611ILUSA
| | - Manasi P. Jogalekar
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer CenterUniversity of California San FranciscoSan Francisco, 94143CAUSA
| | - Prakash Gangadaran
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future TalentsDepartment of Biomedical Science, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu, 41944South Korea
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University HospitalDaegu, 41944South Korea
| | - Byeong‐Cheol Ahn
- BK21 FOUR KNU Convergence Educational Program of Biomedical Sciences for Creative Future TalentsDepartment of Biomedical Science, School of MedicineKyungpook National UniversityDaegu, 41944South Korea
- Department of Nuclear MedicineSchool of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University HospitalDaegu, 41944South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang M, Ma B, Dai X, Zhang H, Dai H, Wang J, Liu L, Sun X. Anti-angiogenic activity of ShengMaBieJia decoction in vitro and in acute myeloid leukaemia tumour-bearing mouse models. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2020; 58:454-464. [PMID: 32432951 PMCID: PMC7301716 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2020.1764059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Context: ShengMaBieJia decoction (SMBJD) is used to treat solid and hematological tumours; however, its anti-angiogenesis activity remains unclear.Objective: This study verified the anti-angiogenic effects of SMBJD in vitro and in tumour-bearing acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) mouse models.Materials and methods: In vivo, the chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) and BALB/c null mouse xenograft models were treated with SMBJD (0, 2, 4, and 8 mg/mL) for 48 h and for 2 weeks, respectively. Anti-angiogenic activity was assessed according to microvessel density (MVD) and immunohistochemistry (IHC) targeting CD31 and VEGFR2. In vitro, proliferation viability, migratory activity and tube formation were measured. Western blots and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays were used to examine the levels of PI3K, Akt, and VEGF.Results: HPLC analyses revealed the active constituents of SMBJD such as liquiritin, cimifugin, ferulic, isoferulic, and glycyrrhizic acids. In vitro, SMBJD treatment decreased cellular migration, chemotaxis, and tube formation at non-cytotoxic concentrations (2, 4, and 8 mg/mL) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The dosage of less than IC20 is considered safe. In vivo, CAM models exhibited a decrease in MVD, and the tissues of xenografted mice possessed reduced CD31 and VEGFR2 expression. Conditioned media (CM) from AML cells (HL60 and NB4 cells) treated with non-cytotoxic doses of SMBJD inhibited chemotactic migration and tube formation in vitro. Both CM (HL60) and CM (NB4) exhibited downregulated expression of PI3K, Akt, and VEGF.Discussion and conclusions: SMBJD inhibited angiogenesis in AML through the PI3K/AKT pathway, which might be combined with targeted therapy to provide more effective treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Wang
- Department of Hematology, No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Bangyun Ma
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Xingbin Dai
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Hematology, No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huibo Dai
- Department of Hematology, No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- Department of Hematology, No. 1 Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Liu
- The Central Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
| | - Xuemei Sun
- Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
- CONTACT Xuemei Sun Department of Hematology, Jiangsu Province Hospital of TCM, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of TCM, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Piccolomo A, Schifone CP, Strafella V, Specchia G, Musto P, Albano F. Immunomodulatory Drugs in Acute Myeloid Leukemia Treatment. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092528. [PMID: 32899586 PMCID: PMC7573974 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunomodulatory drugs (IMiDs) are analogs of thalidomide. They have immunomodulatory, antiangiogenic and proapoptotic properties and exert a role in regulating the tumor microenvironment. Recently IMiDs have been investigated for their pleiotropic properties and their therapeutic applications in both solid tumors (melanoma, prostate carcinoma and differentiated thyroid cancer) and hematological malignancies. Nowadays, they are applied in de novo and relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma, in myelodysplastic syndrome, in del5q syndrome with specific use of lenalidomide and B-cell lymphoma. Several studies have been conducted in the last few years to explore IMiDs possible use in acute myeloid leukemia treatment. Here we report the mechanisms of action of IMiDs in acute myeloid leukemia and their potential future therapeutic application in this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Piccolomo
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.P.S.); (V.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Claudia Pia Schifone
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.P.S.); (V.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Vanda Strafella
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.P.S.); (V.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Giorgina Specchia
- Former Full Professor of Hematology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.P.S.); (V.S.); (P.M.)
| | - Francesco Albano
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (D.E.T.O.), Hematology and Stem cell Transplantation Unit, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (A.P.); (C.P.S.); (V.S.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-080-5478031
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sobierajska K, Ciszewski WM, Sacewicz-Hofman I, Niewiarowska J. Endothelial Cells in the Tumor Microenvironment. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1234:71-86. [PMID: 32040856 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-37184-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is a critical process required for tumor progression. Newly formed blood vessels provide nutrition and oxygen to the tumor contributing to its growth and development. However, endothelium also plays other functions that promote tumor metastasis. It is involved in intravasation, which allows invasive cancer cells to translocate into the blood vessel lumen. This phenomenon is an important stage for cancer metastasis. Besides direct association with cancer development, endothelial cells are one of the main sources of cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The heterogeneous group of CAFs is the main inductor of migration and invasion abilities of cancer cells. Therefore, the endothelium is also indirectly responsible for metastasis. Considering the above, the endothelium is one of the important targets of anticancer therapy. In the chapter, we will present mechanisms regulating endothelial function, dependent on cancer and cancer niche cells. We will focus on possibilities of suppressing pro-metastatic endothelial functions, applied in anti-cancer therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jolanta Niewiarowska
- Department of Molecular Cell Mechanisms, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Chowdury MA, Heileman KL, Moore TA, Young EWK. Biomicrofluidic Systems for Hematologic Cancer Research and Clinical Applications. SLAS Technol 2019; 24:457-476. [PMID: 31173533 DOI: 10.1177/2472630319846878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A persistent challenge in developing personalized treatments for hematologic cancers is the lack of patient specific, physiologically relevant disease models to test investigational drugs in clinical trials and to select therapies in a clinical setting. Biomicrofluidic systems and organ-on-a-chip technologies have the potential to change how researchers approach the fundamental study of hematologic cancers and select clinical treatment for individual patient. Here, we review microfluidics cell-based technology with application toward studying hematologic tumor microenvironments (TMEs) for the purpose of drug discovery and clinical treatment selection. We provide an overview of state-of-the-art microfluidic systems designed to address questions related to hematologic TMEs and drug development. Given the need to develop personalized treatment platforms involving this technology, we review pharmaceutical drugs and different modes of immunotherapy for hematologic cancers, followed by key considerations for developing a physiologically relevant microfluidic companion diagnostic tool for mimicking different hematologic TMEs for testing with different drugs in clinical trials. Opportunities lie ahead for engineers to revolutionize conventional drug discovery strategies of hematologic cancers, including integrating cell-based microfluidics technology with machine learning and automation techniques, which may stimulate pharma and regulatory bodies to promote research and applications of microfluidics technology for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mosfera A Chowdury
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Khalil L Heileman
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Toronto General Hospital Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Thomas A Moore
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Edmond W K Young
- Department of Mechanical & Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute of Biomaterials & Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gadomska G, Ziołkowska K, Boinska J, Filipiak J, Rość D. Activation of TF-Dependent Blood Coagulation Pathway and VEGF-A in Patients with Essential Thrombocythemia. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 55:medicina55020054. [PMID: 30781507 PMCID: PMC6409549 DOI: 10.3390/medicina55020054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and objectives: Recent studies suggest that a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) may be involved in the thrombotic process by stimulating the expression of tissue factor in vascular endothelial cells. Tissue factor (TF) can also stimulate the transcription of the gene encoding VEGF-A. The relationship between coagulation and angiogenesis in myeloproliferative neoplasms is not fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the concentration of TF in relation to VEGF-A in the blood of patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET). Patients and methods: The study group consisted of 130, newly diagnosed patients with ET (mean age 61 years). The control group consisted of 35 healthy volunteers (mean age 51 years). Concentrations of VEGF-A, TF, and tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) were analysed using immunoenzymatic methods. TF and TFPI activities were performed using chromogenic assays. Results: The median concentration of TF Ag was 3-fold higher and the TF activity was more than 15-fold higher in ET patients than in normal individuals. There were no statistically significant differences in the TFPI concentration and activity between groups. VEGF-A was significantly increased in patients with ET (p < 0.000001). Analysis of correlations revealed a positive correlation between VEGF-A and TF Ag as well as a positive correlation between VEGF-A and TFPI activity. Conclusions: The simultaneous increase of TF concentration and activity, VEGF-A in the blood of patients with ET, as well as a positive correlation between the concentration of TF and VEGF-A demonstrates the coexistence of TF-dependent coagulation and activation of angiogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Gadomska
- Department of Hematology and Malignant Diseases of Hematopoietic System, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Ziołkowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Boinska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Jan Filipiak
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Danuta Rość
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Deshantri AK, Varela Moreira A, Ecker V, Mandhane SN, Schiffelers RM, Buchner M, Fens MHAM. Nanomedicines for the treatment of hematological malignancies. J Control Release 2018; 287:194-215. [PMID: 30165140 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hematological malignancies (HM) are a collection of malignant transformations originating from cells in the primary or secondary lymphoid organs. Leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma comprise the three major types of HM. Current treatment consists of bone marrow transplantation, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and chemotherapy. Although, many chemotherapeutic drugs are clinically available for the treatment of HM, the use of these agents is limited due to dose-related toxicity and lack of specificity to tumor tissue. Moreover, the poor pharmacokinetic profile of most of the chemotherapeutics requires high dosage and frequent administration to maintain therapeutic levels at the target site, both increasing adverse effects. This underlines an urgent need for a suitable drug delivery system to improve efficacy, safety, and pharmacokinetic properties of conventional therapeutics. Nanomedicines have proven to enhance these properties for anticancer therapeutics. The most extensively studied nanomedicine systems are lipid-based nanoparticles and polymeric nanoparticles. Typically, nanomedicines are small sub-micron sized particles in the size range of 20-200 nm. The biocompatible and biodegradable nature of nanomedicines makes them attractive vehicles to improve drug delivery. Their small size allows them to extravasate and accumulate at malignant sites passively by means of the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, resulting from rapid angiogenesis and inflammation. Moreover, the specificity to the target tissue can be further enhanced by surface modification of nanoparticles. This review describes currently available therapies as well as limitations and potential advantages of nanomedicine formulations for treatment of various types of HM. Additionally, recent investigational and approved nanomedicine formulations and their limited applications in HM are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anil K Deshantri
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd, India
| | - Aida Varela Moreira
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Veronika Ecker
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sanjay N Mandhane
- Biological Research Pharmacology Department, Sun Pharma Advanced Research Company Ltd, India
| | - Raymond M Schiffelers
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maike Buchner
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel H A M Fens
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Haematology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Pharmaceutics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
|
10
|
Gadomska G, Stankowska K, Boinska J, Ślusarz R, Tylicka M, Michalska M, Jachalska A, Rość D. VEGF-A, sVEGFR-1, and sVEGFR-2 in BCR-ABL negative myeloproliferative neoplasms. MEDICINA-LITHUANIA 2017; 53:34-39. [PMID: 28237691 DOI: 10.1016/j.medici.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2015] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Data from the literature indicate the relationship between the bone marrow microvessel density and the blood parameters of angiogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate selected parameters of angiogenesis (VEGF-A, sVEGFR-1, and sVEGFR-2) and their correlations with white blood cells, platelets, and red blood cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study included 72 patients (mean age, 61.84 years) with myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs): essential thrombocythemia (ET) (n=46), polycythemia vera (PV) (n=19), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) (n=7). Serum VEGF-A, sVEGFR-1, and sVEGFR-2 were determined using the ELISA assay. RESULTS We observed a significantly higher level of VEGF-A and reduced concentrations of sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 in the whole group of patients with MPNs as compared to controls. Detailed analysis confirmed significantly higher level of VEGF-A and lower concentration of sVEGFR-2 in each subgroups of MPNs patients. However, sVEGFR-1 concentrations were significantly lower only in PV and ET patients. CONCLUSIONS The study showed an increased level of VEGF-A, which may indicate the intensity of neoangiogenesis in the bone marrow. Decreased sVEGFR-1 and sVEGFR-2 in the blood of patients with MPNs may reflect consumption of these soluble receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grażyna Gadomska
- Department of Hematology and Malignant Diseases of Hematopoietic System, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Stankowska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Joanna Boinska
- Department of Neurological and Neurosurgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Robert Ślusarz
- Department of Neurological and Neurosurgical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marzena Tylicka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Michalska
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Anna Jachalska
- Department of Hematology and Malignant Diseases of Hematopoietic System, Faculty of Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Danuta Rość
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Swords RT, Greenberg PL, Wei AH, Durrant S, Advani AS, Hertzberg MS, Jonas BA, Lewis ID, Rivera G, Gratzinger D, Fan AC, Felsher DW, Cortes JE, Watts JM, Yarranton GT, Walling JM, Lancet JE. KB004, a first in class monoclonal antibody targeting the receptor tyrosine kinase EphA3, in patients with advanced hematologic malignancies: Results from a phase 1 study. Leuk Res 2016; 50:123-131. [PMID: 27736729 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2016.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/08/2016] [Accepted: 09/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
EphA3 is an Ephrin receptor tyrosine kinase that is overexpressed in most hematologic malignancies. We performed a first-in-human multicenter phase I study of the anti-EphA3 monoclonal antibody KB004 in refractory hematologic malignancies in order to determine safety and tolerability, along with the secondary objectives of pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) assessments, as well as preliminary assessment of efficacy. Patients were enrolled on a dose escalation phase (DEP) initially, followed by a cohort expansion phase (CEP). KB004 was administered by intravenous infusion on days 1, 8, and 15 of each 21-day cycle in escalating doses. A total of 50 patients (AML 39, MDS/MPN 3, MDS 4, DLBCL 1, MF 3) received KB004 in the DEP; an additional 14 patients were treated on the CEP (AML 8, MDS 6). The most common toxicities were transient grade 1 and grade 2 infusion reactions (IRs) in 79% of patients. IRs were dose limiting above 250mg. Sustained exposure exceeding the predicted effective concentration (1ug/mL) and covering the 7-day interval between doses was achieved above 190mg. Responses were observed in patients with AML, MF, MDS/MPN and MDS. In this study, KB004 was well tolerated and clinically active when given as a weekly infusion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronan T Swords
- Leukemia Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, United States.
| | | | - Andrew H Wei
- The Alfred Hospital and Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Simon Durrant
- The Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | | | - Brian A Jonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Davis School of Medicine, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, United States
| | - Ian D Lewis
- The Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
| | | | | | - Alice C Fan
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, United States
| | | | - Jorge E Cortes
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Justin M Watts
- Leukemia Program, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL, United States
| | - Geoff T Yarranton
- KaloBios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jackie M Walling
- KaloBios Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Lancet
- H Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Subotički T, Mitrović Ajtić O, Beleslin-Čokić BB, Nienhold R, Diklić M, Djikić D, Leković D, Bulat T, Marković D, Gotić M, Noguchi CT, Schechter AN, Skoda RC, Čokić VP. Angiogenic factors are increased in circulating granulocytes and CD34 + cells of myeloproliferative neoplasms. Mol Carcinog 2016; 56:567-579. [PMID: 27341002 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
It has been shown that angiogenesis and inflammation play an important role in development of most hematological malignancies including the myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). The aim of this study was to investigate and correlate the levels of key angiogenic molecules such as hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in peripheral blood and bone marrow cells of MPN patients, along with JAK2V617F mutation allele burden and effects of therapy. HIF-1α and VEGF gene expression were decreased, while eNOS mRNA levels were increased in granulocytes of MPN patients. Furthermore, positively correlated and increased VEGF and eNOS protein levels were in negative correlation with HIF-1α levels in granulocytes of MPN patients. According to immunoblotting, the generally augmented angiogenic factors demonstrated JAK2V617F allele burden dependence only in granulocytes of PMF. The angiogenic factors were largely reduced after hydroxyurea therapy in granulocytes of MPN patients. Levels of eNOS protein expression were stimulated by Calreticulin mutations in granulocytes of essential thrombocythemia. Immunocytochemical analyses of CD34+ cells showed a more pronounced enhancement of angiogenic factors than in granulocytes. Increased gene expression linked to the proinflammatory TGFβ and MAPK signaling pathways were detected in CD34+ cells of MPN patients. In conclusion, the angiogenesis is increased in several cell types of MPN patients supported by the transcriptional activation of inflammation-related target genes, and is not limited to bone marrow stroma cells. It also appears that some of the benefit of hydroxyurea therapy of the MPN is mediated by effects on angiogenic factors. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tijana Subotički
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Bojana B Beleslin-Čokić
- Clinic for Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Genetic Laboratory, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Ronny Nienhold
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Miloš Diklić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragoslava Djikić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Danijela Leković
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanja Bulat
- Institute for Nuclear Sciences "Vinča", University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dragana Marković
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mirjana Gotić
- Clinic of Hematology, Clinical Center of Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Constance T Noguchi
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Alan N Schechter
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Radek C Skoda
- Department of Biomedicine, Experimental Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Vladan P Čokić
- Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Role of Microvessel Density and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor in Angiogenesis of Hematological Malignancies. BONE MARROW RESEARCH 2016; 2016:5043483. [PMID: 26998362 PMCID: PMC4779814 DOI: 10.1155/2016/5043483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis plays an important role in progression of tumor with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) being key proangiogenic factor. It was intended to study angiogenesis in different hematological malignancies by quantifying expression of VEGF and MVD in bone marrow biopsy along with serum VEGF levels and observing its change following therapy. The study included 50 cases of hematological malignancies which were followed for one month after initial therapy along with 30 controls. All of them were subjected to immunostaining by anti-VEGF and factor VIII antibodies on bone marrow biopsy along with the measurement of serum VEGF levels. Significantly higher pretreatment VEGF scores, serum VEGF levels, and MVD were observed in cases as compared to controls (p < 0.05). The highest VEGF score and serum VEGF were observed in chronic myeloid leukemia and maximum MVD in Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma. Significant decrease in serum VEGF levels after treatment was observed in all hematological malignancies except for AML. To conclude angiogenesis plays an important role in pathogenesis of all the hematological malignancies as reflected by increased VEGF expression and MVD in bone marrow biopsy along with increased serum VEGF level. The decrease in serum VEGF level after therapy further supports this view and also lays the importance of anti angiogenic therapy.
Collapse
|
15
|
Goncalves KA, Hu GF. Mechanism and Function of Angiogenin in Hematopoietic Malignancy. ZHONGGUO SHENG WU HUA XUE YU FEN ZI SHENG WU XUE BAO = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2015; 31:1267-1275. [PMID: 26877599 PMCID: PMC4750500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenic factors have been widely implicated in the formation and progression of solid tumors. A number of angiogenic mediators have been recently appreciated as having equivalent function in non-solid tumors, such as leukemia. One such factor, angiogenin (ANG), promotes tumor cell growth and angiogenesis in solid cancers; however its precise function(s) in hematological disorders are not fully understood. This review summarizes current knowledge of the function and therapeutic potential of angiogenic factors, with particular emphasis on the role and hypothesized mechanism of ANG in a non-solid tumor setting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Guo-Fu Hu
- Corresponding author ; Tel: 617-636-4776
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Serum Angiopoietin Levels are Different in Acute and Chronic Myeloid Neoplasms: Angiopoietins do not only Regulate Tumor Angiogenesis. Indian J Hematol Blood Transfus 2015; 32:162-7. [PMID: 27065577 DOI: 10.1007/s12288-015-0548-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular balance between Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1) and Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) has important effects in tumor angiogenesis. Ang-2 was shown to be elevated and proved to be a prognostic factor in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). To date studies revealed increased angiogenesis in bone marrows (BMs) of both myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN) and AML patients. We conducted this study to demonstrate circulating levels of Ang-1 and Ang-2 in MPN patients since no data exists in literature. Thirty-three newly diagnosed MPN, 27 newly diagnosed AML patients and 25 controls (HC) were enrolled and Angiopoietin levels were determined with ELISA. We found that Ang-1 levels were higher whereas Ang-2 levels were lower in MPN and HC when compared to AML. Our results suggest that though angiogenesis is increased in both AML and MPN, angiopoietin serum level profile of the two diseases are different, and MPN patients have similar Ang-1 and Ang-2 levels as HC. We conclude that, according to our results Ang-1 and Ang-2 do not only regulate tumor angiogenesis and the difference between angiopoietin levels of acute and chronic myeloid neoplasms could be a reflection of other effects of these growth factors on tumor malignancy.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ethoxyfagaronine, a synthetic analogue of fagaronine that inhibits vascular endothelial growth factor-1, as a new anti-angiogeneic agent. Invest New Drugs 2014; 33:75-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-014-0184-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
18
|
Nur H, Rao L, Frassanito MA, De Raeve H, Ribatti D, Mfopou JK, Van Valckenborgh E, De Bruyne E, Vacca A, Vanderkerken K, Menu E. Stimulation of invariant natural killer T cells by α-Galactosylceramide activates the JAK-STAT pathway in endothelial cells and reduces angiogenesis in the 5T33 multiple myeloma model. Br J Haematol 2014; 167:651-63. [PMID: 25142285 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.13092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Tumour pathogenesis in multiple myeloma (MM) correlates with a high vascular index. Therefore, targeting angiogenesis is an important therapeutic tool to reduce MM progression. This study aimed to investigate the role of invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells in angiogenesis and the mechanisms behind the stimulation by α-Galactosylceramide (α-GalCer). We have previously found that α-GalCer could increase the survival of 5T33MM mice and here we demonstrate that α-GalCer reduces the microvessel density. We performed both in vivo and in vitro angiogenic assays to confirm this observation. We found that conditioned medium of α-GalCer stimulated iNKT cells reduced neovascularization in the chick chorioallantoic membrane and in matrigel plug assays. Moreover, we observed a reduction in proliferation, migration and network formation and an induction of apoptosis upon exposure of murine endothelial cell lines to this conditioned medium. We furthermore observed that the JAK-STAT signaling pathway was highly activated in endothelial cells in response to stimulated iNKT cells, indicating the possible role of IFN-γ in the anti-angiogenic process. In conclusion, these results highlight the possibility of recruiting iNKT cells to target MM and angiogenesis. This gives a rationale for combining immunotherapy with conventional anti-tumour treatments in view of increasing their therapeutic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haneen Nur
- Department of Haematology and Immunology, Myeloma Centre Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Hebron University, Hebron, Palestine
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Angiogenesis in myeloproliferative neoplasms, new markers and future directions. MEMO-MAGAZINE OF EUROPEAN MEDICAL ONCOLOGY 2014; 7:206-210. [PMID: 25544863 PMCID: PMC4274371 DOI: 10.1007/s12254-014-0142-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis has been identified to play a critical role in tumor growth and tumor progression, and is regulated by a balance of angiogenic and antiangiogenic cytokines. This has been documented for solid tumors, and there is emerging evidence suggesting that tumor progression of hematological malignancies also depends on the induction of new blood vessel formation. Data on angiogenesis in the bone marrow of BCR-ABL1-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm patients suggest an increase of the microvessel density and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and there is a relation to the JAK2-V617F status. The most important proangiogenic agent is VEGF, activating VEGF receptors 1 and 2. Inhibition of VEGF signaling by monoclonal antibodies or small molecules (kinase inhibitors) has already been successfully established for the treatment of different cancer entities, and multiple new drugs are being tested in clinical trials. Most patients with essential thrombocythemia (ET) or primary myelofibrosis (PMF) that was not associated with a JAK2 or MPL alteration carried a somatic mutation in calreticulin (CALR). Thus, CALR mutations should be included in the next classification system for ET/PMF. This review summarizes recent advances in the basic understanding of the role of angiogenesis in myeloproliferative neoplasms and the translation of such basic findings into clinical studies.
Collapse
|
20
|
Mirandola L, Nguyen DD, Rahman RL, Grizzi F, Yuefei Y, Figueroa JA, Jenkins MR, Cobos E, Chiriva-Internati M. Anti-galectin-3 therapy: a new chance for multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer? Int Rev Immunol 2014; 33:417-27. [PMID: 24801755 DOI: 10.3109/08830185.2014.911855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Here we review the role of Galectins in the molecular pathogenesis of multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer, with a special focus on Glectin-3. Multiple myeloma is the second most common hematologic malignancy worldwide. Because the pathogenesis of multiple myeloma is still incompletely understood, there is no ultimately effective cure, and this cancer results fatal. Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide. Due to the lack of screening techniques for early detection, patients are mostly diagnosed with advanced disease, which results ultimately fatal. Multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer have different biologies, but they share a strong dependence on adhesion with extracellular matrix and other cells. Galectin-3 plays a key role in regulating such adhesive abilities of tumor cells. Here we discuss the outcomes and possible mechanism of action of a truncated, dominant negative form of Galectin-3, Galectin-3C, in these malignancies. Overall, we report that Galectin-3C is a promising new compound for effective adjuvant therapies in advanced, refractory multiple myeloma and ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Mirandola
- 1Department of Internal Medicine at the Division of Hematology & Oncology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center and Southwest Cancer Treatment and Research Center, Lubbock, TX, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Donato F, Gay F, Bringhen S, Troia R, Palumbo A. Monoclonal antibodies currently in Phase II and III trials for multiple myeloma. Expert Opin Biol Ther 2014; 14:1127-44. [DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2014.908848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
22
|
White D, Kassim A, Bhaskar B, Yi J, Wamstad K, Paton VE. Results from AMBER, a randomized phase 2 study of bevacizumab and bortezomib versus bortezomib in relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma. Cancer 2012; 119:339-47. [PMID: 22811009 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.27745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Newer systemic therapies have significantly advanced the treatment of multiple myeloma, but additional agents are needed. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor with efficacy in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma that inhibits tumor angiogenesis, a process that has been implicated in multiple myeloma pathogenesis. METHODS In AMBER("A Randomized, Blinded, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter, Phase II Study of Bevacizumab in Combination With Bortezomib in Patients With Relapsed or Refractory Multiple Myeloma"), patients with relapsed or refractory multiple myeloma were randomized to receive bortezomib (1.3 mg/m(2) on days 1, 4, 8, and 11 of each 21-day cycle) and either placebo or bevacizumab (15 mg/kg on day 1 of each cycle) for up to 8 cycles. At completion, patients in the bortezomib-plus-bevacizumab arm could continue bevacizumab until they developed progressive disease or unacceptable toxicity. The primary endpoint was progression-free survival (PFS). RESULTS The stratified hazard ratio of PFS for the bevacizumab-containing arm (n = 49) relative to the bortezomib monotherapy arm (n = 53) was 0.743 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-1.28; P = .2804); the median PFS was 6.2 months (95% CI, 4.4-8.5 months) and 5.1 months (95% CI, 4.2-7.2 months), respectively; the overall response rates were 51% and 43.4% (P = .4029), respectively; and the median response duration was 6.9 months (95% CI, 4.73-11.83 months) and 6.0 months (95% CI, 4.86-8.31 months), respectively. Frequent adverse events occurred at similar rates across treatment arms, but hypertension, fatigue, and neuralgia occurred more frequently in the bevacizumab-containing arm. CONCLUSIONS The addition of bevacizumab to bortezomib in unselected patients with pretreated multiple myeloma did not result in significant improvements in efficacy outcomes. The combination was well tolerated, and no new safety concerns for either agent were identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Darrell White
- Division of Hematology, Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Center, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Pircher A, Hilbe W, Heidegger I, Drevs J, Tichelli A, Medinger M. Biomarkers in tumor angiogenesis and anti-angiogenic therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2011; 12:7077-99. [PMID: 22072937 PMCID: PMC3211028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms12107077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 10/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis has been identified to play a critical role in tumor growth and tumor progression, and is regulated by a balance of angiogenic and anti-angiogenic cytokines. Among them VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) and its signaling through its receptors are of crucial relevance. Inhibition of VEGF signaling by monoclonal antibodies or small molecules (kinase inhibitors) has already been successfully established for the treatment of different cancer entities and multiple new drugs are being tested in clinical trials. However not all patients are likely to respond to these therapies, but to date there are no reliable biomarkers available to predict therapy response. Many studies integrated biomarker programs in their study protocols, thus several potential biomarkers have been identified which are currently under clinical investigation in prospective randomized studies. This review intends to give an overview of the described potential biomarkers as well as different imaging techniques such as ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging that can indicate benefit, resistance and toxicity to anti-angiogenic therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Pircher
- Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; E-Mails: (A.P.); (W.H.)
| | - Wolfgang Hilbe
- Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; E-Mails: (A.P.); (W.H.)
| | - Isabel Heidegger
- Department of Urology and Division of Experimental Urology, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria; E-Mail:
| | - Joachim Drevs
- Tumor Center Unisantus, Custodisstrasse 3-17, 50679 Köln, Germany; E-Mail:
| | - André Tichelli
- Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; E-Mail:
| | - Michael Medinger
- Hematology, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland; E-Mail:
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Macpherson GR, Hanson CA, Thompson DM, Perella CM, Cmarik JL, Ruscetti SK. Retrovirus-transformed erythroleukemia cells induce central nervous system failure in a new syngeneic mouse model of meningeal leukemia. Leuk Res 2011; 36:369-76. [PMID: 21924771 DOI: 10.1016/j.leukres.2011.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 08/15/2011] [Accepted: 08/22/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Lack of suitable mouse models for central nervous system (CNS)-associated leukemias has hindered mechanism-guided development of therapeutics. By transplanting retrovirus-transformed mouse erythroleukemia cells into syngeneic mice, we developed a new animal model of meningeal leukemia associated with rapid paralysis. Necropsy revealed massive proliferation of the leukemic cells in the bone marrow (BM) followed by pathological angiogenesis and invasion of the leukemic cells into the meninges of the CNS. Further analysis demonstrated that the erythroleukemia cells secreted high levels of VEGF and preferentially adhered in vitro to fibronectin. This unique animal model for meningeal leukemia should facilitate studies of engraftment and proliferation of leukemic cells in the BM and their invasion of the CNS as well as pre-clinical evaluation of experimental therapeutics for CNS-associated leukemias.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gordon R Macpherson
- Laboratory of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Dejean E, Renalier MH, Foisseau M, Agirre X, Joseph N, de Paiva GR, Al Saati T, Soulier J, Desjobert C, Lamant L, Prósper F, Felsher DW, Cavaillé J, Prats H, Delsol G, Giuriato S, Meggetto F. Hypoxia-microRNA-16 downregulation induces VEGF expression in anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-positive anaplastic large-cell lymphomas. Leukemia 2011; 25:1882-90. [PMID: 21778999 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2011.168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), tyrosine kinase oncogene is implicated in a wide variety of cancers. In this study we used conditional onco-ALK (NPM-ALK and TPM3-ALK) mouse MEF cell lines (ALK+ fibroblasts) and transgenic models (ALK+ B-lymphoma) to investigate the involvement and regulation of angiogenesis in ALK tumor development. First, we observed that ALK expression leads to downregulation of miR-16 and increased Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) levels. Second, we found that modification of miR-16 levels in TPM3-ALK MEF cells greatly affected VEGF levels. Third, we demonstrated that miR-16 directly interacts with VEGF mRNA at the 3'-untranslated region and that the regulation of VEGF by miR-16 occurs at the translational level. Fourth, we showed that expression of both the ALK oncogene and hypoxia-induced factor 1α (HIF1α) is a prerequisite for miR-16 downregulation. Fifth, in vivo, miR-16 gain resulted in reduced angiogenesis and tumor growth. Finally, we highlighted an inverse correlation between the levels of miR-16 and VEGF in human NPM-ALK+ Anaplastic Large Cell Lymphomas (ALCL). Altogether, our results demonstrate, for the first time, the involvement of angiogenesis in ALK+ ALCL and strongly suggest an important role for hypoxia-miR-16 in regulating VEGF translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Dejean
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM-UMR 1037-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Richardson RB. Stem cell niches and other factors that influence the sensitivity of bone marrow to radiation-induced bone cancer and leukaemia in children and adults. Int J Radiat Biol 2011; 87:343-59. [PMID: 21204614 PMCID: PMC3072695 DOI: 10.3109/09553002.2010.537430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2010] [Revised: 09/08/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This paper reviews and reassesses the internationally accepted niches or 'targets' in bone marrow that are sensitive to the induction of leukaemia and primary bone cancer by radiation. CONCLUSIONS The hypoxic conditions of the 10 μm thick endosteal/osteoblastic niche where preleukemic stem cells and hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) reside provides a radioprotective microenvironment that is 2- to 3-fold less radiosensitive than vascular niches. This supports partitioning the whole marrow target between the low haematological cancer risk of irradiating HSC in the endosteum and the vascular niches within central marrow. There is a greater risk of induced bone cancer when irradiating a 50 μm thick peripheral marrow adjacent to the remodelling/reforming portion of the trabecular bone surface, rather than marrow next to the quiescent bone surface. This choice of partitioned bone cancer target is substantiated by the greater radiosensitivity of: (i) Bone with high remodelling rates, (ii) the young, (iii) individuals with hypermetabolic benign diseases of bone, and (iv) the epidemiology of alpha-emitting exposures. Evidence is given to show that the absence of excess bone-cancer in atomic-bomb survivors may be partially related to the extremely low prevalence among Japanese of Paget's disease of bone. Radiation-induced fibrosis and the wound healing response may be implicated in not only radiogenic bone cancers but also leukaemia. A novel biological mechanism for adaptive response, and possibility of dynamic targets, is advocated whereby stem cells migrate from vascular niches to stress-mitigated, hypoxic niches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Richardson
- Radiological Protection Research and Instrumentation Branch, Atomic Energy of Canada Limited, Chalk River Laboratories, Chalk River, Ontario, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dickinson M, Johnstone RW, Prince HM. Histone deacetylase inhibitors: potential targets responsible for their anti-cancer effect. Invest New Drugs 2010; 28 Suppl 1:S3-20. [PMID: 21161327 PMCID: PMC3003794 DOI: 10.1007/s10637-010-9596-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2010] [Accepted: 11/12/2010] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) have demonstrated anticancer efficacy across a range of malignancies, most impressively in the hematological cancers. It is uncertain whether this clinical efficacy is attributable predominantly to their ability to induce apoptosis and differentiation in the cancer cell, or to their ability to prime the cell to other pro-death stimuli such as those from the immune system. HDACi-induced apoptosis occurs through altered expression of genes encoding proteins in both intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways; through effects on the proteasome/aggresome systems; through the production of reactive oxygen species, possibly by directly inducing DNA damage; and through alterations in the tumor microenvironment. In addition HDACi increase the immunogenicity of tumor cells and modulate cytokine signaling and potentially T-cell polarization in ways that may contribute the anti-cancer effect in vivo. Here, we provide an overview of current thinking on the mechanisms of HDACi activity, with attention given to the hematological malignancies as well as scientific observations arising from the clinical trials. We also focus on the immune effects of these agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Dickinson
- Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew’s Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Ricky W. Johnstone
- Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew’s Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - H. Miles Prince
- Department of Haematology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, St Andrew’s Place, East Melbourne, VIC 3002 Australia
- University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| |
Collapse
|