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Sánchez-Mendoza LM, Pérez-Sánchez C, García-Caballero C, Pérez-Rodríguez M, Calero-Rodríguez P, Vellón-García B, Moreno JA, Burón MI, de Cabo R, González-Reyes JA, Villalba JM. CYB5R3 overexpression exhibits sexual dimorphism: Mitochondrial and metabolic adaptations in transgenic female mice during calorie restriction. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 223:69-86. [PMID: 39069267 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
There is a pressing need to develop new strategies for enhancing health in the elderly and preventing the rise in age-related diseases. Calorie restriction without malnutrition (CR) stands among the different antiaging interventions. Lifelong CR leads to increased expression and activity of plasma membrane CYB5R3, and male mice overexpressing CYB5R3 exhibit some beneficial adaptations that are also seen with CR. However, the mechanisms involved in both interventions could be independent since key aspects of energy metabolism and tissue lipid profile do not coincide, and many of the changes induced by CR in mitochondrial abundance and dynamics in the liver and skeletal muscle could be counteracted by CYB5R3 overexpression. In this study, we sought to elucidate the impact of CR on key markers of metabolic status, mitochondrial function, and pro-oxidant/antioxidant balance in transgenic (TG) female mice overexpressing CYB5R3 compared to their WT littermates. In females fed ad libitum, CYB5R3 overexpression decreased fat mass, led to a preferred utilization of fatty acids as an energy source, upregulated key antioxidant enzymes, and boosted respiration both in skeletal muscle and liver mitochondria, supporting that CYB5R3 overexpression is phenotypic closer to CR in females than in males. Whereas some markers of mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics were found decreased in TG females on CR, as also found for the levels of Estrogen Receptor α, mitochondrial abundance and activity were maintained both in skeletal muscle and in liver. Our results reveal overlapping metabolic adaptations resulting from the overexpression of CYB5R3 and CR in females, but a specific crosstalk occurs when both interventions are combined, differing from the adaptations observed in TG males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Marina Sánchez-Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Carlos Pérez-Sánchez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain; Rheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/ Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Cristina García-Caballero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Miguel Pérez-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Pilar Calero-Rodríguez
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Beatriz Vellón-García
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain; Rheumatology Service, Reina Sofia Hospital/ Maimonides Institute for Research in Biomedicine of Cordoba (IMIBIC)/University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain.
| | - Juan Antonio Moreno
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain; Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba (IMIBIC), Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - M Isabel Burón
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Rafael de Cabo
- Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA.
| | - José A González-Reyes
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
| | - José M Villalba
- Departamento de Biología Celular, Fisiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario, CeiA3, Córdoba, Spain.
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2
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Smith SJ, Lopresti AL, Fairchild TJ. The effects of alcohol on testosterone synthesis in men: a review. Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2023; 18:155-166. [PMID: 36880700 DOI: 10.1080/17446651.2023.2184797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Testosterone concentrations in men decline with advancing age, with low testosterone concentrations being associated with multiple morbidities, an increased risk of early mortality, and a reduced quality of life. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of alcohol on testosterone synthesis in men by investigating its effects on each level of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. AREAS COVERED Acute consumption of a low-to-moderate amount of alcohol increases testosterone concentrations in men, while consumption of a large volume of alcohol is associated with a reduction in serum testosterone concentrations. Elevated testosterone concentrations result from the increased activity of detoxification enzymes in the liver. Conversely, the primary mechanisms of action involved in the reduction of testosterone are increased hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activity, inflammation, and oxidative stress. When alcohol is consumed in excess, particularly chronically, it negatively affects testosterone production in men. EXPERT OPINION Since testosterone is an important component of men's health and wellbeing, current levels of alcohol consumption in many countries of the world require urgent attention. Elucidating the relationship between alcohol consumption and testosterone may be useful in identifying strategies to attenuate the testosterone-reducing effects of excessive or chronic alcohol consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen James Smith
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Australia
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Adrian Leo Lopresti
- Clinical Research Australia, Perth, Australia
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Timothy John Fairchild
- The Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
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3
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Srivastava V, Zelmanovich V, Shukla V, Abergel R, Cohen I, Ben-Sasson SA, Gross E. Distinct designer diamines promote mitophagy, and thereby enhance healthspan in C. elegans and protect human cells against oxidative damage. Autophagy 2023; 19:474-504. [PMID: 35579620 PMCID: PMC9851263 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2022.2078069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Impaired mitophagy is a primary pathogenic event underlying diverse aging-associated diseases such as Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases and sarcopenia. Therefore, augmentation of mitophagy, the process by which defective mitochondria are removed, then replaced by new ones, is an emerging strategy for preventing the evolvement of multiple morbidities in the elderly population. Based on the scaffold of spermidine (Spd), a known mitophagy-promoting agent, we designed and tested a family of structurally related compounds. A prototypic member, 1,8-diaminooctane (VL-004), exceeds Spd in its ability to induce mitophagy and protect against oxidative stress. VL-004 activity is mediated by canonical aging genes and promotes lifespan and healthspan in C. elegans. Moreover, it enhances mitophagy and protects against oxidative injury in rodent and human cells. Initial structural characterization suggests simple rules for the design of compounds with improved bioactivity, opening the way for a new generation of agents with a potential to promote healthy aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijigisha Srivastava
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Veronica Zelmanovich
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Virendra Shukla
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rachel Abergel
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Irit Cohen
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Shmuel A. Ben-Sasson
- Department Developmental Biology and Cancer Research, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Einav Gross
- Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel,CONTACT Einav Gross Department Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, IMRIC, Faculty of Medicine, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Ein Kerem. PO Box 12271, Jerusalem9112102, Israel
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4
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Rahman MM, Tumpa MAA, Rahaman MS, Islam F, Sutradhar PR, Ahmed M, Alghamdi BS, Hafeez A, Alexiou A, Perveen A, Ashraf GM. Emerging Promise of Therapeutic Approaches Targeting Mitochondria in Neurodegenerative Disorders. Curr Neuropharmacol 2023; 21:1081-1099. [PMID: 36927428 PMCID: PMC10286587 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230316150559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are critical for homeostasis and metabolism in all cellular eukaryotes. Brain mitochondria are the primary source of fuel that supports many brain functions, including intracellular energy supply, cellular calcium regulation, regulation of limited cellular oxidative capacity, and control of cell death. Much evidence suggests that mitochondria play a central role in neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs) such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Ongoing studies of NDDs have revealed that mitochondrial pathology is mainly found in inherited or irregular NDDs and is thought to be associated with the pathophysiological cycle of these disorders. Typical mitochondrial disturbances in NDDs include increased free radical production, decreased ATP synthesis, alterations in mitochondrial permeability, and mitochondrial DNA damage. The main objective of this review is to highlight the basic mitochondrial problems that occur in NDDs and discuss the use mitochondrial drugs, especially mitochondrial antioxidants, mitochondrial permeability transition blockade, and mitochondrial gene therapy, for the treatment and control of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Mst. Afroza Alam Tumpa
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Fahadul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Popy Rani Sutradhar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Muniruddin Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Badrah S. Alghamdi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- The Neuroscience Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdul Hafeez
- Glocal School of Pharmacy, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, Australia
- AFNP Med Austria, Wien, Austria
| | - Asma Perveen
- Glocal School of Life Sciences, Glocal University, Mirzapur Pole, Saharanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ghulam Md. Ashraf
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, and Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates
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Renke G, Kemen E, Scalabrin P, Braz C, Baêsso T, Pereira MB. Cardio-Metabolic Health and HRT in Menopause: Novel Insights in Mitochondrial Biogenesis and RAAS. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:e060223213459. [PMID: 36748220 PMCID: PMC10494270 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230206130205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent evidence shows the cardiometabolic effects of estrogen administration in postmenopausal women. Women have a cardiometabolic advantage during their reproductive years, which is lost at menopause due to declining estradiol (E2). E2, also known as 17-beta-estradiol, has diverse effects in its target tissues, including the cardiovascular (CV) system, through genomic and non-genomic signaling. Metabolic changes characteristic of menopause include a worsening lipid profile, changes in body fat distribution, epicardial and pericardial fat deposition, increased susceptibility to weight gain, and increased blood pressure, resulting in an increased risk of accelerated cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. E2 mediates its cardioprotective actions by increasing mitochondrial biogenesis, angiogenesis, and vasodilation, decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress, and modulating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). In this review, we assess whether it is prudent to develop an approach to managing postmenopausal women based on modifying the patient's CV risk that includes human-identical hormone replacement therapy (HRT), modulation of RAAS, and stimulating mitochondrial biogenesis. Further research is needed to assess the safety and benefit of HRT to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme Renke
- National Institute of Cardiology, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Nutrindo Ideais Performance and Nutrition Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elaine Kemen
- Nutrindo Ideais Performance and Nutrition Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Priscila Scalabrin
- Nutrindo Ideais Performance and Nutrition Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Cleibe Braz
- Nutrindo Ideais Performance and Nutrition Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thomáz Baêsso
- Nutrindo Ideais Performance and Nutrition Research Center, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Kanta Acharya T, Kumar A, Kumar Majhi R, Kumar S, Chakraborty R, Tiwari A, Smalla KH, Liu X, Chang YT, Gundelfinger ED, Goswami C. TRPV4 acts as a mitochondrial Ca 2+-importer and regulates mitochondrial temperature and metabolism. Mitochondrion 2022; 67:38-58. [PMID: 36261119 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2022.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
TRPV4 is associated with the development of neuropathic pain, sensory defects, muscular dystrophies, neurodegenerative disorders, Charcot Marie Tooth and skeletal dysplasia. In all these cases, mitochondrial abnormalities are prominent. Here, we demonstrate that TRPV4, localizes to a subpopulation of mitochondria in various cell lines. Improper expression and/or function of TRPV4 induces several mitochondrial abnormalities. TRPV4 is also involved in the regulation of mitochondrial numbers, Ca2+-levels and mitochondrial temperature. Accordingly, several naturally occurring TRPV4 mutations affect mitochondrial morphology and distribution. These findings may help in understanding the significance of mitochondria in TRPV4-mediated channelopathies possibly classifying them as mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tusar Kanta Acharya
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ashutosh Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Majhi
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Shamit Kumar
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - Ranabir Chakraborty
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Ankit Tiwari
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India
| | - Karl-Heinz Smalla
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplasticity, Brenneckestr 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Xiao Liu
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Tae Chang
- Center for Self-assembly and Complexity, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Eckart D Gundelfinger
- Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology, RG Neuroplasticity, Brenneckestr 6, 39118 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Sciences (CBBS) and Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical Faculty, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Chandan Goswami
- National Institute of Science Education and Research Bhubaneswar, School of Biological Sciences, P.O. Jatni, Khurda 752050, Odisha, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai 400094, India.
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7
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Pang L, Jiang X, Lian X, Chen J, Song EF, Jin LG, Xia ZY, Ma HC, Cai Y. Caloric restriction-mimetics for the reduction of heart failure risk in aging heart: with consideration of gender-related differences. Mil Med Res 2022; 9:33. [PMID: 35786219 PMCID: PMC9252041 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-022-00389-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The literature is full of claims regarding the consumption of polyphenol or polyamine-rich foods that offer some protection from developing cardiovascular disease (CVD). This is achieved by preventing cardiac hypertrophy and protecting blood vessels through improving the function of endothelium. However, do these interventions work in the aged human hearts? Cardiac aging is accompanied by an increase in left ventricular hypertrophy, along with diastolic and systolic dysfunction. It also confers significant cardiovascular risks for both sexes. The incidence and prevalence of CVD increase sharply at an earlier age in men than women. Furthermore, the patterns of heart failure differ between sexes, as do the lifetime risk factors. Do caloric restriction (CR)-mimetics, rich in polyphenol or polyamine, delay or reverse cardiac aging equally in both men and women? This review will discuss three areas: (1) mechanisms underlying age-related cardiac remodeling; (2) gender-related differences and potential mechanisms underlying diminished cardiac response in older men and women; (3) we select a few polyphenol or polyamine rich compounds as the CR-mimetics, such as resveratrol, quercetin, curcumin, epigallocatechin gallate and spermidine, due to their capability to extend health-span and induce autophagy. We outline their abilities and issues on retarding aging in animal hearts and preventing CVD in humans. We discuss the confounding factors that should be considered for developing therapeutic strategies against cardiac aging in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Pang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xi Jiang
- Health Promotion Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xin Lian
- Department of Urology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Henry Fok School of Biology and Agriculture, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, 512000, Guangdong, China
| | - Er-Fei Song
- Department of Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery, Jinan University First Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou, 510630, China.,Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lei-Gang Jin
- Department of Medicine, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zheng-Yuan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, LKS Faculty of Medicine, the University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, 524000, Guangdong, China
| | - Hai-Chun Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yin Cai
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, the Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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8
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Elliot SJ, Catanuto P, Pereira-Simon S, Xia X, Pastar I, Thaller S, Head CR, Stojadinovic O, Tomic-Canic M, Glassberg MK. Catalase, a therapeutic target in the reversal of estrogen-mediated aging. Mol Ther 2022; 30:947-962. [PMID: 34174444 PMCID: PMC8821897 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite increasing interest in the reversal of age-related processes, there is a paucity of data regarding the effects of post-menopausal-associated estrogen loss on cellular function. We studied human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) isolated from women younger than 45 years old (pre-menopause, pre-hASC) or older than 55 years old (post-menopause, post-hASC). In this study, we provide proof of concept that the age-related ineffective functionality of ASCs can be reversed to improve their ability in promoting tissue repair. We found reduced estrogen receptor expression, decreased estrogen receptor activation, and reduced sensitivity to 17β-estradiol in post-hASCs. This correlated with decreased antioxidants (catalase and superoxide dismutase [SOD] expression) and increased oxidative stress compared with pre-hASCs. Increasing catalase expression in post-hASCs restored estrogen receptor (ER) expression and their functional capacity to promote tissue repair as shown in human skin ex vivo wound healing and in vivo mouse model of lung injury. Our results suggest that the consequences of 17β-estradiol decline on the function of hASCs may be reversible by changing the oxidative stress/antioxidant composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon J. Elliot
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA,Corresponding author: Sharon J. Elliot, DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Paola Catanuto
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Simone Pereira-Simon
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Xiaomei Xia
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA
| | - Irena Pastar
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Seth Thaller
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Cheyanne R. Head
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Olivera Stojadinovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Marilyn K. Glassberg
- DeWitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami Leonard M. Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA,Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA,Corresponding author: Marilyn K. Glassberg, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85004, USA.
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9
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Lei XH, Bochner BR. Optimization of cell permeabilization in electron flow based mitochondrial function assays. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:48-57. [PMID: 34656699 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Permeable cell models have contributed much to the progress in mitochondrial research. Optimization of permeabilization is required to make the cell's plasma membrane permeable to small molecules while keeping the intracellular organelles and their membranes intact and fully functional. Here we report our assessment and optimization of commonly used permeabilizing agents including different saponin preparations, digitonin, and recombinant perfringolysin O employing a new electron flow based mitochondrial assay technology that utilizes a colorimetric redox dye. The results of this study provide guidance in optimizing the conditions for mitochondrial function assays with permeabilized cells using the novel redox dye-based format.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-He Lei
- Biolog, Inc., 21124 Cabot Blvd., Hayward, CA, 94545, USA
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10
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Shaw GA. Mitochondria as the target for disease related hormonal dysregulation. Brain Behav Immun Health 2021; 18:100350. [PMID: 34746877 PMCID: PMC8554460 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbih.2021.100350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an important role in the synthesis of steroid hormones, including the sex hormone estrogen. Sex-specific regulation of these hormones is important for phenotypic development and downstream, sex-specific activational effects in both brain and behavior. First, mitochondrial contribution to the synthesis of estrogen, followed by a discussion of the signaling interactions between estrogen and the mitochondria will be reviewed. Next, disorders with an established sex difference related to aging, mood, and cognition will be examined. Finally, review of mitochondria as a biomarker of disease and data supporting efforts in targeting mitochondria as a therapeutic target for the amelioration of these disorders will be discussed. Taken together, this review aims to assess the influence of E2 on mitochondrial function within the brain via exploration of E2-ER interactions within neural mitochondria and how they may act to influence the development and presentation of neurodegenerative and neurocognitive diseases with known sex differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys A. Shaw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA
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11
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Shaw GA, Hyer MM, Dustin E, Dyer SK, Targett IL, Neigh GN. Acute LPS exposure increases synaptosomal metabolism during estrus but not diestrus. Physiol Behav 2021; 239:113523. [PMID: 34229031 DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The hormones estrogen and progesterone alter physiological functions, including the estrus cycle and relevant neurological and synaptic activity. Here, we determined the extent to which estrus cycle stage interacts with an inflammatory stimulus, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to alter synaptic mitochondrial respiration in female rats. LPS elevated synaptic mitochondrial respiration of rats in estrus, but not diestrus. Likewise, estrogen concentration correlated with multiple respiratory metrics in LPS treated females in estrus. These data suggest estrogen likely modulates synaptic mitochondrial respiration in a high progesterone environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gladys A Shaw
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Molly M Hyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Elizabeth Dustin
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Samya K Dyer
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Imogen L Targett
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States
| | - Gretchen N Neigh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 1101 East Marshall Street, Box 980709, Richmond, VA 23298, United States.
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12
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From Menopause to Neurodegeneration-Molecular Basis and Potential Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168654. [PMID: 34445359 PMCID: PMC8395405 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The impacts of menopause on neurodegenerative diseases, especially the changes in steroid hormones, have been well described in cell models, animal models, and humans. However, the therapeutic effects of hormone replacement therapy on postmenopausal women with neurodegenerative diseases remain controversial. The steroid hormones, steroid hormone receptors, and downstream signal pathways in the brain change with aging and contribute to disease progression. Estrogen and progesterone are two steroid hormones which decline in circulation and the brain during menopause. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), which plays an import role in neuroprotection, is rapidly decreased in serum after menopause. Here, we summarize the actions of estrogen, progesterone, and IGF-1 and their signaling pathways in the brain. Since the incidence of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is higher in women than in men, the associations of steroid hormone changes and AD are emphasized. The signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms for how steroid hormones and IGF-1 provide neuroprotection are also addressed. Finally, the molecular mechanisms of potential estrogen modulation on N-methyl-d-aspartic acid receptors (NMDARs) are also addressed. We provide the viewpoint of why hormone therapy has inconclusive results based on signaling pathways considering their complex response to aging and hormone treatments. Nonetheless, while diagnosable AD may not be treatable by hormone therapy, its preceding stage of mild cognitive impairment may very well be treatable by hormone therapy.
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13
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Carteri RB, Kopczynski A, Rodolphi MS, Strogulski NR, Wannmacher CMD, Franceschi ID, Hammerschmitt ME, Driemeier D, Portela LV. Anabolic-androgenic steroids impair mitochondrial function and redox status in the heart and liver of mice. Steroids 2021; 172:108861. [PMID: 33984388 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2021.108861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Supraphysiological doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) may cause long-term functional abnormalities, particularly in the heart and liver, which may only represent the later-stage of the cumulative damage caused by dysfunctional organelles. We investigated whether mid-term supraphysiological doses of Testosterone and Nandrolone impair mitochondrial Ca2+ and membrane potential (ΔΨm) dynamics, and redox machinery in the heart and liver of mice. CF1 albino mice were treated daily with 15 mg/kg of Nandrolone (ND) or Testosterone (T), or oil (vehicle) for 19 days. Preparations enriched in mitochondria from the heart or liver were used to perform assays of Ca2+ influx/efflux, ΔΨm, and H2O2 production. ND significantly impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ influx in the heart, and ΔΨm in both organs. ND and T increased H2O2 levels in the heart and liver relative to controls. Also, ND increased oxidative damage to lipids and proteins (TBARS and carbonyls) in the heart, and both AAS decreased glutathione peroxidase activity in the heart and liver. In summary, supraphysiological doses of ND, and in a lesser extend T, impaired mitochondrial Ca2+ influx and ΔΨm, and redox homeostasis being early mechanistic substrates for inducing heart and liver tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randhall B Carteri
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Centro Universitário Metodista - Instituto Porto Alegre (IPA), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Afonso Kopczynski
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Rodolphi
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Nathan R Strogulski
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Clovis M D Wannmacher
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Itiane D Franceschi
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcia E Hammerschmitt
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - David Driemeier
- Setor de Patologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Veterinária da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Luis V Portela
- Laboratory of Neurotrauma and Biomarkers, PPG-Ciências Biológicas Bioquímica, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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14
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Zaręba-Kozioł M, Bartkowiak-Kaczmarek A, Roszkowska M, Bijata K, Figiel I, Halder AK, Kamińska P, Müller FE, Basu S, Zhang W, Ponimaskin E, Włodarczyk J. S-Palmitoylation of Synaptic Proteins as a Novel Mechanism Underlying Sex-Dependent Differences in Neuronal Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126253. [PMID: 34200797 PMCID: PMC8230572 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sex differences in the brain are prevalent, the knowledge about mechanisms underlying sex-related effects on normal and pathological brain functioning is rather poor. It is known that female and male brains differ in size and connectivity. Moreover, those differences are related to neuronal morphology, synaptic plasticity, and molecular signaling pathways. Among different processes assuring proper synapse functions are posttranslational modifications, and among them, S-palmitoylation (S-PALM) emerges as a crucial mechanism regulating synaptic integrity. Protein S-PALM is governed by a family of palmitoyl acyltransferases, also known as DHHC proteins. Here we focused on the sex-related functional importance of DHHC7 acyltransferase because of its S-PALM action over different synaptic proteins as well as sex steroid receptors. Using the mass spectrometry-based PANIMoni method, we identified sex-dependent differences in the S-PALM of synaptic proteins potentially involved in the regulation of membrane excitability and synaptic transmission as well as in the signaling of proteins involved in the structural plasticity of dendritic spines. To determine a mechanistic source for obtained sex-dependent changes in protein S-PALM, we analyzed synaptoneurosomes isolated from DHHC7-/- (DHHC7KO) female and male mice. Our data showed sex-dependent action of DHHC7 acyltransferase. Furthermore, we revealed that different S-PALM proteins control the same biological processes in male and female synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Zaręba-Kozioł
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.-K.); (J.W.)
| | - Anna Bartkowiak-Kaczmarek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
| | - Matylda Roszkowska
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
| | - Krystian Bijata
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Figiel
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
| | - Anup Kumar Halder
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadvapur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (A.K.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Paulina Kamińska
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
| | - Franziska E. Müller
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.E.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Subhadip Basu
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadvapur University, Kolkata 700032, India; (A.K.H.); (S.B.)
| | - Weiqi Zhang
- Department of Mental Health, University of Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1/A9, 48149 Munster, Germany;
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany; (F.E.M.); (E.P.)
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Science, Pasteur Str. 3, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland; (A.B.-K.); (M.R.); (K.B.); (I.F.); (P.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.Z.-K.); (J.W.)
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15
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Powers MJ, Hill GE. A review and assessment of the Shared-Pathway Hypothesis for the maintenance of signal honesty in red ketocarotenoid-based coloration. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:1811-1826. [PMID: 33940618 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
For decades, scientists have noted connections between individual condition and carotenoid-based coloration in terrestrial and aquatic animals. Organisms that produce more vibrant carotenoid-based coloration tend to have better physiological performance and behavioral displays compared to less colorful members of the same species. Traditional explanations for this association between ornamental coloration and performance invoked the need for color displays to be costly, but evidence for such hypothesized costs is equivocal. An alternative explanation for the condition-dependence of carotenoid-based coloration, the Shared-Pathway Hypothesis, was developed in response. This hypothesis proposes that red ketocarotenoid-based coloration is tied to core cellular processes involving a shared pathway with mitochondrial energy metabolism, making the concentration of carotenoids an index of mitochondrial function. Since the presentation of this hypothesis, empirical tests of the mechanisms proposed therein have been conducted in many species. In this manuscript, we review the Shared-Pathway Hypothesis and the growing number of studies that have investigated a connection between carotenoid-based coloration and mitochondrial function. We also discuss future strategies for assessing the Shared-Pathway Hypothesis to more effectively disentangle evidence that may simultaneously support evidence of carotenoid-resource tradeoffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Powers
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
| | - Geoffrey E Hill
- Department of Biological Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849 USA
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16
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Wang J, Li HY, Shen SY, Zhang JR, Liang LF, Huang HJ, Li B, Wu GC, Zhang YQ, Yu J. The antidepressant and anxiolytic effect of GPER on translocator protein (TSPO) via protein kinase a (PKA) signaling in menopausal female rats. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2021; 207:105807. [PMID: 33345973 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2020.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal depression is mainly caused by the deprivation of ovarian hormones during menopausal transition, it is of great importance to study on the treatment that could effectively relieve symptoms of menopausal depression with fewer side effects. Activation of G-protein-coupled estrogen receptor (GPER) has long been reported to facilitate neuronal plasticity and improve cognition in animals. Meanwhile, it could participate in regulation of intracellular signaling pathways through the characteristic of GPER, ameliorate intracellular mitochondrial function and oxidative stress. However, the impact of GPER on regulating estrogen deprived-depressant and anxious behaviors is still largely unknown. Here we used the ovariectomized female rats to imitate the condition of menopause. Owing to the lateral ventricle administration of G-1 which specifically react with GPER receptor intracerebrally, Ovariectomized (OVX) female rats showed depressive- or anxiety-like phenotypes with attenuated mitochondrial function. In addition, G-1 facilitated PKA activation, which further accelerated TSPO phosphorylation and alleviated menopausal depression- and anxiety-like behaviors. Moreover, PKA inhibitor PKI could partially antagonized the anti-anxiety and anti-depression effects of G-1. Taken together, we concluded that GPER activation might exhibit antidepressant and anxiolytic effect by elevating TSPO phosphorylation via protein kinase A signaling and rescuing the redox status in menopausal female rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hao-Yuan Li
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Shi-Yu Shen
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Ling-Feng Liang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hui-Jie Huang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bing Li
- Center Laboratories, Jinshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, 201508, China
| | - Gen-Cheng Wu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yu-Qiu Zhang
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Jin Yu
- Department of Integrative Medicine and Neurobiology, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institutes of Brain Science, Brain Science Collaborative Innovation Center, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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17
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Erukainure OL, Atolani O, Banerjee P, Abel R, Pooe OJ, Adeyemi OS, Preissner R, Chukwuma CI, Koorbanally NA, Islam MS. Oxidative testicular injury: effect of l-leucine on redox, cholinergic and purinergic dysfunctions, and dysregulated metabolic pathways. Amino Acids 2021; 53:359-380. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-021-02954-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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18
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Yvert T, Miyamoto-Mikami E, Tobina T, Shiose K, Kakigi R, Tsuzuki T, Takaragawa M, Ichinoseki-Sekine N, Pérez M, Kobayashi H, Tanaka H, Naito H, Fuku N. PPARGC1A rs8192678 and NRF1 rs6949152 Polymorphisms Are Associated with Muscle Fiber Composition in Women. Genes (Basel) 2020; 11:genes11091012. [PMID: 32867330 PMCID: PMC7563119 DOI: 10.3390/genes11091012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PPARGC1A rs8192678 G/A (Gly482Ser) and NRF1 rs6949152 A/G polymorphisms have been associated with endurance athlete status, endurance performance phenotypes, and certain health-related markers of different pathologies such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and dyslipidemia. We hypothesized that they could be considered interesting candidates for explaining inter-individual variations in muscle fiber composition in humans. We aimed to examine possible associations of these polymorphisms with myosin heavy-chain (MHC) isoforms as markers of muscle fiber compositions in vastus lateralis muscle in a population of 214 healthy Japanese subjects, aged between 19 and 79 years. No significant associations were found in men for any measured variables. In contrast, in women, the PPARGC1A rs8192678 A/A genotype was significantly associated with a higher proportion of MHC-I (p = 0.042) and with a lower proportion of MHC-IIx (p = 0.033), and the NRF1 rs6949152 AA genotype was significantly associated with a higher proportion of MHC-I (p = 0.008) and with a lower proportion of MHC IIx (p = 0.035). In women, the genotype scores of the modes presenting the most significant results for PPARGC1A rs8192678 G/A (Gly482Ser) and NRF1 rs6949152 A/G polymorphisms were significantly associated with MHC-I (p = 0.0007) and MHC IIx (p = 0.0016). That is, women with combined PPARGC1A A/A and NRF1 A/A genotypes presented the highest proportion of MHC-I and the lowest proportion of MHC-IIx, in contrast to women with combined PPARGC1A GG+GA and NRF1 AG+GG genotypes, who presented the lowest proportion of MHC-I and the highest proportion of MHC-IIx. Our results suggest possible associations between these polymorphisms (both individually and in combination) and the inter-individual variability observed in muscle fiber composition in women, but not in men.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Yvert
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Eri Miyamoto-Mikami
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
| | - Takuro Tobina
- Faculty of Nursing and Nutrition, University of Nagasaki, Nagasaki 851-2195, Japan;
| | - Keisuke Shiose
- Faculty of Education, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-2192, Japan;
| | - Ryo Kakigi
- Faculty of Management & Information Science, Josai International University, Chiba 283-8555, Japan;
| | | | - Mizuki Takaragawa
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
| | - Noriko Ichinoseki-Sekine
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
- Faculty of Liberal Arts, The Open University of Japan, Chiba 261-8586, Japan
| | - Margarita Pérez
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Hiroyuki Kobayashi
- Department of General Medicine, Mito Medical Center, Tsukuba University Hospital, Ibaraki 310-0015, Japan;
| | - Hiroaki Tanaka
- Faculty of Sports and Health Science, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hisashi Naito
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
| | - Noriyuki Fuku
- Graduate School of Health and Sports Science, Juntendo University, Chiba 270-1695, Japan; (T.Y.); (E.M.-M.); (M.T.); (N.I.-S.); (H.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-476-98-1001 (ext. 9203)
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19
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Tobore TO. On the Etiopathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: A Comprehensive Theoretical Review. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:417-437. [PMID: 30775973 DOI: 10.3233/jad-181052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimers' disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia, with an estimated 5 million new cases occurring annually. Among the elderly, AD shortens life expectancy, results in disability, decreases quality of life, and ultimately, leads to institutionalization. Despite extensive research in the last few decades, its heterogeneous pathophysiology and etiopathogenesis have made it difficult to develop an effective treatment and prevention strategy. Aging is the biggest risk factor for AD and evidence suggest that the total number of older people in the population is going to increase astronomically in the next decades. Also, there is evidence that air pollution and increasing income inequality may result in higher incidence and prevalence of AD. This makes the need for a comprehensive understanding of the etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology of the disease extremely critical. In this paper, a quintuple framework of thyroid dysfunction, vitamin D deficiency, sex hormones, and mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress are used to provide a comprehensive description of AD etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology. The individual role of each factor, their synergistic and genetic interactions, as well as the limitations of the framework are discussed.
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20
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Mitchell T, De Miguel C, Gohar EY. Sex differences in redox homeostasis in renal disease. Redox Biol 2020; 31:101489. [PMID: 32197946 PMCID: PMC7212488 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex differences in redox signaling in the kidney present new challenges and opportunities for understanding the physiology and pathophysiology of the kidney. This review will focus on reactive oxygen species, immune-related signaling pathways and endothelin-1 as potential mediators of sex-differences in redox homeostasis in the kidney. Additionally, this review will highlight male-female differences in redox signaling in several major cardiovascular and renal disorders namely acute kidney injury, diabetic nephropathy, kidney stone disease and salt-sensitive hypertension. Furthermore, we will discuss the contribution of redox signaling in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal hypertension and preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanecia Mitchell
- Department of Urology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Carmen De Miguel
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology & Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Eman Y Gohar
- Section of Cardio-Renal Physiology & Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.
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21
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Jones JD, Ramser HE, Woessner AE, Veves A, Quinn KP. Quantifying Age-Related Changes in Skin Wound Metabolism Using In Vivo Multiphoton Microscopy. Adv Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2020; 9:90-102. [PMID: 31993251 PMCID: PMC6985773 DOI: 10.1089/wound.2019.1030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The elderly are at high risk for developing chronic skin wounds, but the effects of intrinsic aging on skin healing are difficult to isolate due to common comorbidities like diabetes. Our objective is to use multiphoton microscopy (MPM) to find endogenous, noninvasive biomarkers to differentiate changes in skin wound healing metabolism between young and aged mice in vivo. Approach: We utilized MPM to monitor skin metabolism at the edge of full-thickness, excisional wounds in 24- and 4-month-old mice of both sexes for 10 days. MPM can assess quantitative biomarkers of cellular metabolism in vivo by utilizing autofluorescence from the cofactors nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD). Results: An optical redox ratio of FAD/(NADH+FAD) autofluorescence and NADH fluorescence lifetime imaging revealed dynamic changes in keratinocyte function during healing. Aged female mice demonstrated an attenuation of keratinocyte proliferation during wound healing detectable optically through a higher redox ratio and longer NADH fluorescence lifetime. By measuring the correlation between NADH lifetime and the optical redox ratio at each day, we also demonstrate sensitivity to the proliferative phase of wound healing. Innovation: Label-free MPM was used to longitudinally monitor individual wounds in vivo, which revealed age-dependent differences in wound metabolism. Conclusion: These results indicate in vivo MPM can provide quantitative biomarkers of age-related delays in healing, which can be used in the future to provide patient-specific wound care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jake D. Jones
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Hallie E. Ramser
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Alan E. Woessner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
| | - Aristidis Veves
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Kyle P. Quinn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas
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22
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Cosemans C, Nawrot TS, Janssen BG, Vriens A, Smeets K, Baeyens W, Bruckers L, Den Hond E, Loots I, Nelen V, Van Larebeke N, Schoeters G, Martens D, Plusquin M. Breastfeeding predicts blood mitochondrial DNA content in adolescents. Sci Rep 2020; 10:387. [PMID: 31941967 PMCID: PMC6962168 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-57276-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition during early childhood is linked to metabolic programming. We hypothesized that breastfeeding has long-term consequences on the energy metabolism exemplified by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). As part of the third cycle of the Flemish Environment and Health Study (FLEHSIII) cohort, 303 adolescents aged 14–15 years were included. We associated breastfeeding and blood mtDNA content 14–15 years later while adjusting for confounding variables. Compared with non-breastfed adolescents, mtDNA content was 23.1% (95%CI: 4.4–45.2; p = 0.013) higher in breastfed adolescents. Being breastfed for 1–10 weeks, 11–20 weeks, and >20 weeks, was associated with a higher mtDNA content of respectively 16.0% (95%CI: −7.1–44.9; p = 0.191), 23.5% (95%CI: 0.8–51.3; p = 0.042), and 31.5% (95%CI: 4.3–65.7; p = 0.021). Our study showed a positive association between breastfeeding and mtDNA content in adolescents which gradually increased with longer periods of breastfeeding. Higher mtDNA content may be an underlying mechanism of the beneficial effects of breastfeeding on children’s metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Cosemans
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Tim S Nawrot
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.,School of Public Health, Occupational & Environmental Medicine, Leuven University, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram G Janssen
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Annette Vriens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Karen Smeets
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Willy Baeyens
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Liesbeth Bruckers
- Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics, Hasselt University, Hasselt, Belgium
| | | | - Ilse Loots
- Faculty of Social Sciences and IMDO-Institute, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Vera Nelen
- Provincial Institute for Hygiene, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Van Larebeke
- Department of Radiotherapy and Experimental Cancerology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Analytical, Environmental and Geo-Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Greet Schoeters
- Environmental Risk and Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Dries Martens
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Michelle Plusquin
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium.
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Moschinger M, Hilse KE, Rupprecht A, Zeitz U, Erben RG, Rülicke T, Pohl EE. Age-related sex differences in the expression of important disease-linked mitochondrial proteins in mice. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:56. [PMID: 31806023 PMCID: PMC6896328 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and progression of many illnesses, such as neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and cancer, vary between women and men, often in an age-dependent manner. A joint hallmark of these diseases is some type of mitochondrial dysfunction. While several mitochondrial proteins are known to be regulated by sex hormones, the levels of those proteins have not been systematically analyzed with regard to sex and age, and studies that consider sex and/or age differences in the protein expression are very rare. In this study, we compared the expression patterns of physiologically important mitochondrial proteins in female and male C57BL/6N mice of age cohorts frequently used in experiments. We found that sex-related differences in the expression of uncoupling proteins 1 and 3 (UCP1 and UCP3) occur in an age-dependent manner. The sex-specific expression of UCP1 and UCP3 in brown adipose tissue (BAT) was inversely correlated with differences in body weight. Expression of UCP4 in the brain, Complex I in the spleen, and Complex II in the brain and BAT was least affected by the sex of the mouse. We further demonstrated that there are serious limitations in using VDAC1 and actin as markers in western blot analyses, due to their sex- and age-specific fluctuations. Our results confirm that sex and age are important parameters and should be taken into account by researchers who examine the mechanistic aspects of diseases. HIGHLIGHTS: I.The levels of UCP1 and UCP3 protein expression differ between females and males in an age-dependent manner.II.Pre-pubertal expression of almost all proteins tested in this study does not depend on the sex of the mouse.III.Expression of VDAC1 and actin, which are often used as loading control proteins in western blot analysis, is tissue-specifically influenced by sex and age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Moschinger
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Karolina E Hilse
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Anne Rupprecht
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.,Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Rostock University Medical Center, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ute Zeitz
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Institute of Laboratory Animal Science, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Elena E Pohl
- Institute of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
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Effect of Moxibustion on Testosterone Secretion and Apoptosis of Spermatogenic Cells in Aging Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:5186408. [PMID: 31885650 PMCID: PMC6925733 DOI: 10.1155/2019/5186408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of androgen secretion and sperm production was conducted in the testis to investigate the efficacy of moxibustion on testicular function in aging rats. Male Sprague–Dawley rats were randomly divided into the aging group (N = 8), the mild-warm moxibustion group (N = 8), and the youth control group (N = 8). Rats in the mild-warm moxibustion group (MWMG) were exposed to mild-warm moxibustion at the Zusanli (ST36) and Shenshu (BL23) acupuncture points daily, from the age of 12 months until the age of 24 months. After the intervention, testicular tissue was harvested from all rats across groups. Changes in testicular structure were examined by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain. Detection of the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells was performed by the TUNEL assay. Testosterone level in the testis was analyzed by the ELISA assay, and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and androgen receptor (AR) in the testis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. AR expression analysis was subsequently performed by the western blotting assay, and the detection of telomerase activity of the testis and the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, and AR mRNA were performed by real-time PCR. Compared with the youth controls, telomerase activity in the testis, testosterone levels, expression of AR, and expression of antiapoptosis factor Bcl-2 protein and mRNA were significantly decreased (P < 0.01) in the aging group. Spermatogenic cell apoptosis (P < 0.01) and proapoptotic factor Bax expression were significantly increased (P < 0.01) in the aging rats compared with the youth control group. The MWMG exhibited significant increases in testicular telomerase activity, testosterone level, AR expression, and antiapoptosis factor Bcl-2 expression (P < 0.05 or P < 0.01) compared with the aging group. In this experimental group, spermatogenic apoptosis was inhibited (P < 0.01) and proapoptotic factor Bax expression significantly reduced (P < 0.01). Mild-warm moxibustion can inhibit reproductive senescence by improving telomerase activity, improving AR expression, restoring testosterone, and inhibiting spermatogenic apoptosis via regulation of Bcl-2/Bax.
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25
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Gastro-intestinal and oral microbiome signatures associated with healthy aging. GeroScience 2019; 41:907-921. [PMID: 31620923 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-019-00098-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The human oral and gut microbiomes influence health via competition for a distinct niche in the body with pathogens, via metabolic capabilities that increase host digestive capacity and generate compounds engaged in signaling pathways and modulation of immune system functions. Old age alters our metabolic and regenerative capacity. Following recruitment of 65 human subjects in the age range of 70 to 82, we discerned healthy aging (HA) and non-healthy aging (NHA) cohorts discordant in the occurrence of one or more major diseases: (1) cancer, (2) acute or chronic cardiovascular diseases, (3) acute or chronic pulmonary diseases, (4) diabetes, and (5) stroke or neurodegenerative disorders. We analyzed these cohorts' oral microbiomes (saliva) and gut microbiomes (stool) to assess diversity and identify microbial biomarkers for HA. In contrast to the gut microbiome where no change was observed, we found that the saliva microbiome had higher α-diversity in the HA compared with the NHA group. We observed the genus Akkermansia to be significantly more abundant in the gut microbiota of the HA group. Akkermansia muciniphila is a colonic mucin-degrading bacterium believed to have beneficial effects on gastrointestinal health, particularly in the context of diabetes and obesity. Erysipelotrichaceae UCG-003 was a taxon increased in abundance in the HA cohort. Streptococcus was the only genus observed to be significantly decreased in abundance in both the gut and oral microbiomes of the HA cohort compared with the NHA cohort. Our data support the notion that these microbes are potential probiotics to decrease the risks of non-healthy aging.
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26
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Rosa-Caldwell ME, Greene NP. Muscle metabolism and atrophy: let's talk about sex. Biol Sex Differ 2019; 10:43. [PMID: 31462271 PMCID: PMC6714453 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-019-0257-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle health is a strong predictor of overall health and longevity. Pathologies affecting skeletal muscle such as cancer cachexia, intensive care unit treatment, muscular dystrophies, and others are associated with decreased quality of life and increased mortality. Recent research has begun to determine that these muscular pathologies appear to present and develop differently between males and females. However, to our knowledge, there has yet to be a comprehensive review on musculoskeletal differences between males and females and how these differences may contribute to sex differences in muscle pathologies. Herein, we present a review of the current literature on muscle phenotype and physiology between males and females and how these differences may contribute to differential responses to atrophic stimuli. In general, females appear to be more susceptible to disuse induced muscle wasting, yet protected from inflammation induced (such as cancer cachexia) muscle wasting compared to males. These differences may be due in part to differences in muscle protein turnover, satellite cell content and proliferation, hormonal interactions, and mitochondrial differences between males and females. However, more works specifically examining muscle pathologies in females are necessary to more fully understand the inherent sex-based differences in muscle pathologies between the sexes and how they may correspond to different clinical treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Rosa-Caldwell
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Human Health Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA
| | - Nicholas P Greene
- Integrative Muscle Metabolism Laboratory, Exercise Science Research Center, Department of Human Health Performance and Recreation, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
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27
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Effects of age, BMI and sex on the glial cell marker TSPO - a multicentre [ 11C]PBR28 HRRT PET study. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019; 46:2329-2338. [PMID: 31363804 PMCID: PMC6717599 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-019-04403-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of ageing, sex and body mass index (BMI) on translocator protein (TSPO) availability in healthy subjects using positron emission tomography (PET) and the radioligand [11C]PBR28. Methods [11C]PBR28 data from 140 healthy volunteers (72 males and 68 females; N = 78 with HAB and N = 62 MAB genotype; age range 19–80 years; BMI range 17.6–36.9) were acquired with High Resolution Research Tomograph at three centres: Karolinska Institutet (N = 53), Turku PET centre (N = 62) and Yale University PET Center (N = 25). The total volume of distribution (VT) was estimated in global grey matter, frontal, temporal, occipital and parietal cortices, hippocampus and thalamus using multilinear analysis 1. The effects of age, BMI and sex on TSPO availability were investigated using linear mixed effects model, with TSPO genotype and PET centre specified as random intercepts. Results There were significant positive correlations between age and VT in the frontal and temporal cortex. BMI showed a significant negative correlation with VT in all regions. Additionally, significant differences between males and females were observed in all regions, with females showing higher VT. A subgroup analysis revealed a positive correlation between VT and age in all regions in male subjects, whereas age showed no effect on TSPO levels in female subjects. Conclusion These findings provide evidence that individual biological properties may contribute significantly to the high variation shown in TSPO binding estimates, and suggest that age, BMI and sex can be confounding factors in clinical studies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00259-019-04403-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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28
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Gupte R, Brooks W, Vukas R, Pierce J, Harris J. Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know. J Neurotrauma 2019; 36:3063-3091. [PMID: 30794028 PMCID: PMC6818488 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.6171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 261] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is growing recognition of the problem of male bias in neuroscience research, including in the field of traumatic brain injury (TBI) where fewer women than men are recruited to clinical trials and male rodents have predominantly been used as an experimental injury model. Despite TBI being a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide, sex differences in pathophysiology and recovery are poorly understood, limiting clinical care and successful drug development. Given growing interest in sex as a biological variable affecting injury outcomes and treatment efficacy, there is a clear need to summarize sex differences in TBI. This scoping review presents an overview of current knowledge of sex differences in TBI and a comparison of human and animal studies. We found that overall, human studies report worse outcomes in women than men, whereas animal studies report better outcomes in females than males. However, closer examination shows that multiple factors including injury severity, sample size, and experimental injury model may differentially interact with sex to affect TBI outcomes. Additionally, we explore how sex differences in mitochondrial structure and function might contribute to possible sex differences in TBI outcomes. We propose recommendations for future investigations of sex differences in TBI, which we hope will lead to improved patient management, prognosis, and translation of therapies from bench to bedside.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raeesa Gupte
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - William Brooks
- Department of Neurology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Hoglund Brain Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- The University of Kansas Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Rachel Vukas
- School of Medicine, Dykes Library of Health Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Janet Pierce
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Janna Harris
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Hoglund Brain Center, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
- Address correspondence to: Janna Harris, PhD, Hoglund Brain Imaging Center, MS 1052, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160
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29
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Tobore TO. On the central role of mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease. Neurol Sci 2019; 40:1527-1540. [PMID: 30982132 DOI: 10.1007/s10072-019-03863-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the commonest cause of dementia, with approximately 5 million new cases occurring annually. Despite decades of research, its complex pathophysiology and etiopathogenesis presents a major hindrance to the development of an effective treatment and prevention strategy. Aging is the biggest risk factor for the development of AD, and the total number of older people in the population is going to significantly increase in the next decades, suggesting that AD incidence and prevalence is likely to increase in the future. This makes the need for a better understanding of the disease to be extremely urgent. METHODS A search was done by accessing PubMed/Medline, EBSCO, and PsycINFO databases. The search string used was "(dementia* OR Alzheimer's) AND (pathophysiology* OR pathogenesis)". New key terms were identified (new term included "vitamin D, thyroid hormone, mitochondria dysfunction, oxidative stress, testosterone, estrogen, melatonin, progesterone, luteinizing hormone, amyloid-β (Aβ), and hyperphosphorylated tau"). The electronic databases were searched for titles or abstracts containing these terms in all published articles between January 1, 1965, and January 31, 2019. The search was limited to studies published in English and other languages involving both animal and human subjects. RESULTS Mitochondria dysfunction and oxidative stress play a critical role in AD etiopathogenesis and pathophysiology. CONCLUSION AD treatment and prevention strategies must be geared towards improving mitochondrial function and attenuating oxidative stress.
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30
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Ruszkiewicz JA, Miranda-Vizuete A, Tinkov AA, Skalnaya MG, Skalny AV, Tsatsakis A, Aschner M. Sex-Specific Differences in Redox Homeostasis in Brain Norm and Disease. J Mol Neurosci 2019; 67:312-342. [DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1241-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Ventura-Clapier R, Piquereau J, Veksler V, Garnier A. Estrogens, Estrogen Receptors Effects on Cardiac and Skeletal Muscle Mitochondria. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2019; 10:557. [PMID: 31474941 PMCID: PMC6702264 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2019.00557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are unique organelles present in almost all cell types. They are involved not only in the supply of energy to the host cell, but also in multiple biochemical and biological processes like calcium homeostasis, production, and regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), pH control, or cell death. The importance of mitochondria in cell biology and pathology is increasingly recognized. Being maternally inherited, mitochondria exhibit a tissue-specificity, because most of the mitochondrial proteins are encoded by the nuclear genome. This renders them exquisitely well-adapted to the physiology of the host cell. It is thus not surprising that mitochondria show a sexual dimorphism and that they are also prone to the influence of sex chromosomes and sex hormones. Estrogens affect mitochondria through multiple processes involving membrane and nuclear estrogen receptors (ERs) as well as more direct effects. Moreover, estrogen receptors have been identified within mitochondria. The effects of estrogens on mitochondria comprise protein content and specific activity of mitochondrial proteins, phospholipid content of membranes, oxidant and anti-oxidant capacities, oxidative phosphorylation, and calcium retention capacities. Herein we will briefly review the life cycle and functions of mitochondria, the importance of estrogen receptors and the effects of estrogens on heart and skeletal muscle mitochondria.
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Nakamura N, Vijay V, Desai VG, Hansen DK, Han T, Chang CW, Chen YC, Harrouk W, McIntyre B, Foster PM, Fuscoe JC, Inselman AL. Transcript profiling in the testes and prostates of postnatal day 30 Sprague-Dawley rats exposed prenatally and lactationally to 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone. Reprod Toxicol 2018; 82:111-123. [PMID: 30316929 PMCID: PMC6434700 DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2018.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (HMB) is an ultraviolet light-absorbing compound that is used in sunscreens, cosmetics and plastics. HMB has been reported to have weak estrogenic activity by in vivo and in vitro studies, making it a chemical with potential reproductive concern. To explore if prenatal and lactational HMB exposure alters gene expression profiles of the developing reproductive organs, we performed microarray analysis using the prostate and testis of postnatal day (PND) 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats offspring exposed to 0, 3000, or 30,000 ppm of HMB from gestational day 6 through PND 21. Gene expression profiles of the prostate and testis were differentially affected by HMB dose with significant alterations observed at the 30,000 ppm HMB group. Tissue-specific gene expression was also identified. These genes, whose expression was altered by HMB exposure, may be considered as candidate biomarker(s) for testicular or prostatic toxicity; however, further studies are necessary to explore this potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriko Nakamura
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States.
| | - Vikrant Vijay
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Varsha G Desai
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Deborah K Hansen
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Ching-Wei Chang
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Yu-Chuan Chen
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Wafa Harrouk
- Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, United States
| | - Barry McIntyre
- National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - Paul M Foster
- National Toxicology Program, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, United States
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
| | - Amy L Inselman
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, AR 72079, United States
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Lee WC, Lin CS, Ko FC, Cheng W, Lee MH, Wei YH. Low mitochondrial DNA copy number of resected cecum appendix correlates with high severity of acute appendicitis. J Formos Med Assoc 2018; 118:406-413. [PMID: 30100165 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2018.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2018] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE The roles of mitochondrial DNA alterations in acute appendicitis (AA) remain unclear. We evaluated the alterations of mtDNA copy number and mtDNA integrity [proportion of mtDNA templates without 8-hydroxyl-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG)] of the resected cecum appendixes in clinically suspected acute appendicitis (CSAA). METHODS A total of 228 CSAA patients, including 50 harbored negative AA (NAA), 155 true AA (TAA) without rupture and 23 TAA with rupture, who underwent appendectomies were enrolled. Tissues of resected cecum appendixes from the paraffin-embedded pathological blocks were subjected to DNA extraction, and their mtDNA copy number and mtDNA integrity were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR). RESULTS During the progression of disease severity from NAA to TAA without rupture and further TAA with rupture, increases of white blood cell (WBC) counts (p = 0.001), positive bacterial culture rates in turbid ascites (p = 0.016) and area (p < 0.001)/or volume (p < 0.001) indices of resected cecum appendixes were noted among CSAA patients. On the contrary, decrease of mtDNA copy number (p = 0.003) was observed during disease progression of CSAA patients, especially in female patients (p = 0.007). Furthermore, lower mtDNA copy numbers were correlated with higher WBC counts (p = 0.001) and larger area (p = 0.003) or volume (p < 0.001) indices of the resected cecum appendixes. However, such an alteration was not observed in mtDNA integrity of resected cecum appendixes. CONCLUSION We conclude that a low mtDNA copy number of the resected cecum appendix may reflect high severity of acute appendicitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Lee
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonghe Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Sung Lin
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Thoracic Surgery, Taipei Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Chu Ko
- Department of Surgery, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Wei Cheng
- Department of Pathology, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City, Taiwan
| | - Mau-Hwa Lee
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Keelung Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Keelung City, Taiwan; Good Liver Foundation and Clinic, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Yau-Huei Wei
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Center for Mitochondrial Medicine and Free Radical Research, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.
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Reversing wrinkled skin and hair loss in mice by restoring mitochondrial function. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:735. [PMID: 30026579 PMCID: PMC6053453 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0765-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion is involved in mtDNA depletion syndromes, mitochondrial diseases, aging and aging-associated chronic diseases, and other human pathologies. To evaluate the consequences of depletion of mtDNA in the whole animal, we created an inducible mtDNA-depleter mouse expressing, in the polymerase domain of POLG1, a dominant-negative mutation to induce depletion of mtDNA in various tissues. These mice showed reduced mtDNA content, reduced mitochondrial gene expression, and instability of supercomplexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) resulting in reduced OXPHOS enzymatic activities. We demonstrate that ubiquitous depletion of mtDNA in mice leads to predominant and profound effects on the skin resulting in wrinkles and visual hair loss with an increased number of dysfunctional hair follicles and inflammatory responses. Development of skin wrinkle was associated with the significant epidermal hyperplasia, hyperkeratosis, increased expression of matrix metalloproteinases, and decreased expression of matrix metalloproteinase inhibitor TIMP1. We also discovered markedly increased skin inflammation that appears to be a contributing factor in skin pathology. Histopathologic analyses revealed dysfunctional hair follicles. mtDNA-depleter mice also show changes in expression of aging-associated markers including IGF1R, KLOTHO, VEGF, and MRPS5. mtDNA-repleter mice showed that, by turning off the mutant POLG1 transgene expression, mitochondrial function, as well as the skin and hair pathology, is reversed to wild-type level. To our knowledge that restoration of mitochondrial functions can reverse the skin and hair pathology is unprecedented.
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Lejri I, Grimm A, Eckert A. Mitochondria, Estrogen and Female Brain Aging. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:124. [PMID: 29755342 PMCID: PMC5934418 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria play an essential role in the generation of steroid hormones including the female sex hormones. These hormones are, in turn, able to modulate mitochondrial activities. Mitochondria possess crucial roles in cell maintenance, survival and well-being, because they are the main source of energy as well as of reactive oxygen species (ROS) within the cell. The impairment of these important organelles is one of the central features of aging. In women’s health, estrogen plays an important role during adulthood not only in the estrous cycle, but also in the brain via neuroprotective, neurotrophic and antioxidant modes of action. The hypestrogenic state in the peri- as well as in the prolonged postmenopause might increase the vulnerability of elderly women to brain degeneration and age-related pathologies. However, the underlying mechanisms that affect these processes are not well elucidated. Understanding the relationship between estrogen and mitochondria might therefore provide better insights into the female aging process. Thus, in this review, we first describe mitochondrial dysfunction in the aging brain. Second, we discuss the estrogen-dependent actions on the mitochondrial activity, including recent evidence of the estrogen—brain-derived neurotrophic factor and estrogen—sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) pathways, as well as their potential implications during female aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imane Lejri
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Amandine Grimm
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- Neurobiology Lab for Brain Aging and Mental Health, Transfaculty Research Platform Molecular and Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Psychiatric University Clinics, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Nonylphenol and Octylphenol Differently Affect Cell Redox Balance by Modulating the Nitric Oxide Signaling. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:1684827. [PMID: 29805728 PMCID: PMC5901947 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1684827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nonylphenol (NP) and octylphenol (OP) are pervasive environmental contaminants belonging to the broader class of compounds known as alkylphenols, with potential human toxic effects. Classified as “xenoestrogens,” NP and OP are able to interfere with the cell endocrine physiology via a direct interaction with the estrogen receptors. Here, using HepG2 cells in culture, the changes of the cell redox balance and mitochondrial activity induced by OP and NP have been investigated at μM concentrations, largely below those provoking acute toxicity, as those typical of environmental contaminants. Following 24 h cell exposure to both OP and NP, ROS production appeared significantly increased (p ≤ 0.01), together with the production of higher NO oxides (p = 0.003) and peroxynitrated protein-derivatives (NP versus CTR, p = 0.003). The mitochondrial proton electrochemical potential gradient instead was decreased (p ≤ 0.05), as the oxygen consumption by complex IV, particularly following incubation with NP (NP versus CTR, p = 0.017). Consistently, the RT-PCR and Western blot analyses proved that the OP and NP can modulate to a different extent the expression of the inducible NOS (NP versus CTR, p ≤ 0.01) and the endothelial NOS (OP versus CTR, p ≤ 0.05), with a significant variation of the coupling efficiency of the latter (NP versus CTR, p ≤ 0.05), a finding that may provide a novel clue to understand the specific xenoestrogenic properties of OP and NP.
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Pesaresi M, Giatti S, Spezzano R, Romano S, Diviccaro S, Borsello T, Mitro N, Caruso D, Garcia-Segura LM, Melcangi RC. Axonal transport in a peripheral diabetic neuropathy model: sex-dimorphic features. Biol Sex Differ 2018; 9:6. [PMID: 29351809 PMCID: PMC5775621 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-018-0164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Disruption of axonal transport plays a pivotal role in diabetic neuropathy. A sex-dimorphism exists in the incidence and symptomatology of diabetic neuropathy; however, no studies so far have addressed sex differences in axonal motor proteins expression in early diabetes as well as the possible involvement of neuroactive steroids. Interestingly, recent data point to a role for mitochondria in the sexual dimorphism of neurodegenerative diseases. Mitochondria have a fundamental role in axonal transport by producing the motors’ energy source, ATP. Moreover, neuroactive steroids can also regulate mitochondrial function. Methods Here, we investigated the impact of short-term diabetes in the peripheral nervous system of male and female rats on key motor proteins important for axonal transport, mitochondrial function, and neuroactive steroids levels. Results We show that short-term diabetes alters mRNA levels and axoplasm protein contents of kinesin family member KIF1A, KIF5B, KIF5A and Myosin Va in male but not in female rats. Similarly, the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator-1α, a subunit of the respiratory chain complex IV, ATP levels and the key regulators of mitochondrial dynamics were affected in males but not in females. Concomitant analysis of neuroactive steroid levels in sciatic nerve showed an alteration of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, and allopregnanolone in diabetic males, whereas no changes were observed in female rats. Conclusions These findings suggest that sex-specific decrease in neuroactive steroid levels in male diabetic animals may cause an alteration in their mitochondrial function that in turn might impact in axonal transport, contributing to the sex difference observed in diabetic neuropathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marzia Pesaresi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Roberto Spezzano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simone Romano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Tiziana Borsello
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience, IRCCS-Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milano, Italy
| | - Nico Mitro
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luis Miguel Garcia-Segura
- Instituto Cajal, CSIC, CIBER de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
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Zárate S, Stevnsner T, Gredilla R. Role of Estrogen and Other Sex Hormones in Brain Aging. Neuroprotection and DNA Repair. Front Aging Neurosci 2018. [PMID: 29311911 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00430/xml/nlm] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable biological process characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function and increased susceptibility to disease. The detrimental effects of aging are observed in all tissues, the brain being the most important one due to its main role in the homeostasis of the organism. As our knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of brain aging increases, potential approaches to preserve brain function rise significantly. Accumulating evidence suggests that loss of genomic maintenance may contribute to aging, especially in the central nervous system (CNS) owing to its low DNA repair capacity. Sex hormones, particularly estrogens, possess potent antioxidant properties and play important roles in maintaining normal reproductive and non-reproductive functions. They exert neuroprotective actions and their loss during aging and natural or surgical menopause is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, synaptic decline, cognitive impairment and increased risk of age-related disorders. Moreover, loss of sex hormones has been suggested to promote an accelerated aging phenotype eventually leading to the development of brain hypometabolism, a feature often observed in menopausal women and prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although data on the relation between sex hormones and DNA repair mechanisms in the brain is still limited, various investigations have linked sex hormone levels with different DNA repair enzymes. Here, we review estrogen anti-aging and neuroprotective mechanisms, which are currently an area of intense study, together with the effect they may have on the DNA repair capacity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zárate
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.,Departamento de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Danish Center for Molecular Gerontology and Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ricardo Gredilla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Mitochondria and Sex-Specific Cardiac Function. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2018; 1065:241-256. [PMID: 30051389 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-77932-4_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this chapter is the gender differences in mitochondria in cardiovascular disease. There is broad evidence suggesting that some of the gender differences in cardiovascular outcome may be partially related to differences in mitochondrial biology (Ventura-Clapier R, Moulin M, Piquereau J, Lemaire C, Mericskay M, Veksler V, Garnier A, Clin Sci (Lond) 131(9):803-822, 2017)). Mitochondrial disorders are causally affected by mutations in either nuclear or mitochondrial genes involved in the synthesis of respiratory chain subunits or in their posttranslational control. This can be due to mutations of the mtDNA which are transmitted by the mother or mutations in the nuclear DNA. Because natural selection on mitochondria operates only in females, mutations may have had more deleterious effects in males than in females (Ventura-Clapier R, Moulin M, Piquereau J, Lemaire C, Mericskay M, Veksler V, Garnier A, Clin Sci (Lond) 131(9):803-822, 2017; Camara AK, Lesnefsky EJ, Stowe DF. Antioxid Redox Signal 13(3):279-347, 2010). As mitochondrial mutations can affect all tissues, they are responsible for a large panel of pathologies including neuromuscular disorders, encephalopathies, metabolic disorders, cardiomyopathies, neuropathies, renal dysfunction, etc. Many of these pathologies present sex/gender specificity. Thus, alleviating or preventing mitochondrial dysfunction will contribute to mitigating the severity or progression of the development of diseases. Here, we present evidence for the involvement of mitochondria in the sex specificity of cardiovascular disorders.
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40
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Zárate S, Stevnsner T, Gredilla R. Role of Estrogen and Other Sex Hormones in Brain Aging. Neuroprotection and DNA Repair. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:430. [PMID: 29311911 PMCID: PMC5743731 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is an inevitable biological process characterized by a progressive decline in physiological function and increased susceptibility to disease. The detrimental effects of aging are observed in all tissues, the brain being the most important one due to its main role in the homeostasis of the organism. As our knowledge about the underlying mechanisms of brain aging increases, potential approaches to preserve brain function rise significantly. Accumulating evidence suggests that loss of genomic maintenance may contribute to aging, especially in the central nervous system (CNS) owing to its low DNA repair capacity. Sex hormones, particularly estrogens, possess potent antioxidant properties and play important roles in maintaining normal reproductive and non-reproductive functions. They exert neuroprotective actions and their loss during aging and natural or surgical menopause is associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, synaptic decline, cognitive impairment and increased risk of age-related disorders. Moreover, loss of sex hormones has been suggested to promote an accelerated aging phenotype eventually leading to the development of brain hypometabolism, a feature often observed in menopausal women and prodromal Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although data on the relation between sex hormones and DNA repair mechanisms in the brain is still limited, various investigations have linked sex hormone levels with different DNA repair enzymes. Here, we review estrogen anti-aging and neuroprotective mechanisms, which are currently an area of intense study, together with the effect they may have on the DNA repair capacity in the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zárate
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de Histología, Embriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Danish Center for Molecular Gerontology and Danish Aging Research Center, Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ricardo Gredilla
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
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Gaignard P, Liere P, Thérond P, Schumacher M, Slama A, Guennoun R. Role of Sex Hormones on Brain Mitochondrial Function, with Special Reference to Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases. Front Aging Neurosci 2017; 9:406. [PMID: 29270123 PMCID: PMC5725410 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2017.00406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The mitochondria have a fundamental role in both cellular energy supply and oxidative stress regulation and are target of the effects of sex steroids, particularly the neuroprotective ones. Aging is associated with a decline in the levels of different steroid hormones, and this decrease may underline some neural dysfunctions. Besides, modifications in mitochondrial functions associated with aging processes are also well documented. In this review, we will discuss studies that describe the modifications of brain mitochondrial function and of steroid levels associated with physiological aging and with neurodegenerative diseases. A special emphasis will be placed on describing and discussing our recent findings concerning the concomitant study of mitochondrial function (oxidative phosphorylation, oxidative stress) and brain steroid levels in both young (3-month-old) and aged (20-month-old) male and female mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Gaignard
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Sud and University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Philippe Liere
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Sud and University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Patrice Thérond
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Michael Schumacher
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Sud and University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Abdelhamid Slama
- Biochemistry Laboratory, Bicêtre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Rachida Guennoun
- U1195 Inserm and University Paris-Sud and University Paris-Saclay, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
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Khalifa ARM, Abdel-Rahman EA, Mahmoud AM, Ali MH, Noureldin M, Saber SH, Mohsen M, Ali SS. Sex-specific differences in mitochondria biogenesis, morphology, respiratory function, and ROS homeostasis in young mouse heart and brain. Physiol Rep 2017; 5:5/6/e13125. [PMID: 28325789 PMCID: PMC5371549 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Sex-specific differences in mitochondrial function and free radical homeostasis are reported in the context of aging but not well-established in pathogeneses occurring early in life. Here, we examine if sex disparity in mitochondria function, morphology, and redox status starts early and hence can be implicated in sexual dimorphism in cardiac as well as neurological disorders prevalent at young age. Although mitochondrial activity in the heart did not significantly vary between sexes, female brain exhibited enhanced respiration and higher reserve capacity. This was associated with lower H2O2 production in female cardiac and brain tissues. Using transmission electron microscopy, we found that the number of female cardiac mitochondria is moderately greater (117 ± 3%, P = 0.049, N = 4) than male's, which increased significantly for cortical mitochondria (134 ± 4%, P = 0.001, N = 4). However, male's cardiac mitochondria exhibited fragmented, circular, and smaller mitochondria relative to female's mitochondria, while no morphologic sex-dependent differences were observed in cortical mitochondria. No sex differences were detected in Nox2 and Nox4 proteins or O2-consuming/H2O2-producing activities in brain homogenate or synaptosomes. However, a strong trend of increased EPR-detected NOX superoxide in male synaptosomes hinted at higher superoxide dismutase activity in female brains, which was confirmed by two independent protocols. We also provide direct evidence that respiring mitochondria generally produce an order-of-magnitude lower reactive oxygen species (ROS) proportions than currently estimated. Our results indicate that sex differences in mitochondrial biogenesis, bioenergetics, and morphology may start at young age and that sex-dependent SOD capacity may be responsible for differences in ROS homeostasis in heart and brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel Rahman M Khalifa
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Engy A Abdel-Rahman
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ali M Mahmoud
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Ali
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Maha Noureldin
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Saber H Saber
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohsen
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sameh S Ali
- Center for Aging and Associated Diseases, Helmy Institute of Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
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Grimm A, Eckert A. Brain aging and neurodegeneration: from a mitochondrial point of view. J Neurochem 2017; 143:418-431. [PMID: 28397282 PMCID: PMC5724505 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 348] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Aging is defined as a progressive time-related accumulation of changes responsible for or at least involved in the increased susceptibility to disease and death. The brain seems to be particularly sensitive to the aging process since the appearance of neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease, is exponential with the increasing age. Mitochondria were placed at the center of the 'free-radical theory of aging', because these paramount organelles are not only the main producers of energy in the cells, but also to main source of reactive oxygen species. Thus, in this review, we aim to look at brain aging processes from a mitochondrial point of view by asking: (i) What happens to brain mitochondrial bioenergetics and dynamics during aging? (ii) Why is the brain so sensitive to the age-related mitochondrial impairments? (iii) Is there a sex difference in the age-induced mitochondrial dysfunction? Understanding mitochondrial physiology in the context of brain aging may help identify therapeutic targets against neurodegeneration. This article is part of a series "Beyond Amyloid".
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Grimm
- University of BaselTransfaculty Research PlatformMolecular & Cognitive NeuroscienceNeurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental HealthBaselSwitzerland
- University of BaselPsychiatric University ClinicsBaselSwitzerland
| | - Anne Eckert
- University of BaselTransfaculty Research PlatformMolecular & Cognitive NeuroscienceNeurobiology Laboratory for Brain Aging and Mental HealthBaselSwitzerland
- University of BaselPsychiatric University ClinicsBaselSwitzerland
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Mitophagy and age-related pathologies: Development of new therapeutics by targeting mitochondrial turnover. Pharmacol Ther 2017; 178:157-174. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Georgiou A, Demetriou CA, Heraclides A, Christou YP, Leonidou E, Loukaides P, Yiasoumi E, Panagiotou D, Manoli P, Thomson P, Loizidou MA, Hadjisavvas A, Zamba-Papanicolaou E. Mitochondrial superclusters influence age of onset of Parkinson's disease in a gender specific manner in the Cypriot population: A case-control study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183444. [PMID: 28877188 PMCID: PMC5587277 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Despite evidence supporting an involvement of mitochondrial dysfunction in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative disorders, there are inconsistent findings concerning mitochondrial haplogroups and their association to neurodegenerative disorders, including idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods To test this hypothesis for the Greek-Cypriot population, a cohort of 230 PD patients and 457 healthy matched controls were recruited. Mitochondrial haplogroup distributions for cases and controls were determined. Association tests were carried out between mitochondrial haplogroups and PD. Results Mitochondrial haplogroup U was associated with a reduced PD risk in the Cypriot population. After pooling mitochondrial haplogroups together into haplogroup clusters and superclusters, association tests demonstrated a significantly protective effect of mitochondrial haplogroup cluster N (xR) and supercluster LMN for PD risk only in females. In addition, for female PD cases belonging to UKJT and R (xH, xUKJT) haplogroup, the odds of having a later age of onset of PD were 13 and 15 times respectively higher than the odds for female cases with an H haplogroup. Conclusion Statistically significant associations regarding PD risk and PD age of onset were mostly detected for females thus suggesting that gender is a risk modifier between mitochondrial haplogroups and PD status / PD age of onset. The biological mechanisms behind this gender specificity remain to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Georgiou
- Neurology Clinic D, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christiana A. Demetriou
- Neurology Clinic D, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Alexandros Heraclides
- Department of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Yiolanda P. Christou
- Neurology Clinic D, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Neurology Clinic B, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Leonidou
- Neurology Clinic C, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | | | | | | | - Panayiotis Manoli
- Department of Cardiovascular Genetics and the Laboratory of Forensic Genetics, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Pippa Thomson
- Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, MRC Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Maria A. Loizidou
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Andreas Hadjisavvas
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- Electron Microscopy and Molecular Pathology Department, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Eleni Zamba-Papanicolaou
- Neurology Clinic D, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- The Cyprus School of Molecular Medicine, The Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics, Nicosia, Cyprus
- * E-mail:
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Milon A, Opydo-Chanek M, Tworzydlo W, Galas J, Pardyak L, Kaminska A, Ptak A, Kotula-Balak M. Chlorinated biphenyls effect on estrogen-related receptor expression, steroid secretion, mitochondria ultrastructure but not on mitochondrial membrane potential in Leydig cells. Cell Tissue Res 2017; 369:429-444. [PMID: 28315012 PMCID: PMC5552843 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-017-2596-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To characterize polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) action on Leydig cells, PCBs congeners, low-chlorinated (delor 103; d103) and high-chlorinated ones (delor 106; d106) were selected. The cells were treated according to PCBs dose (d103 or d106 0.2 ng/ml in low doses:, or 2 ng/ml in high doses) and type (d103 + d106 in low doses or 103 + 106 in high doses). After 24 h treatment with PCBs, a distinct increase in estrogen-related receptors (ERRs type α, β and γ) expression was revealed. However, the dose- and type-dependent PCBs effect was mostly exerted on ERRα expression. A similar increase in ERRs expression was demonstrated by estradiol but not testosterone, which was without an effect on ERRs. PCBs caused no decrease in the membrane potential status of Leydig cells (either in dose or type schedule) but had severe effects on the mitochondria number and structure. Moreover, PCBs markedly increased calcium (Ca2+) concentration and sex steroid secretion (both androgens and estrogens were elevated). These findings suggest a similar estrogenic action of PCBs congeners (d103 and d106) on Leydig cell function. We report dose- and type-specific effects of PCBs only on Leydig cell ERRs expression. Both delors showed common effects on the mitochondria ultrastructural and functional status. Based on our results, ERRα seems to be the most sensitive to hormonal modulation. The increases in Ca2+ and sex steroid secretion may be due to the activation of ERRs by PCBs binding and/or direct effect of PCBs on ERRs mRNA/protein expression. Nevertheless, to confirm the existence of possible relationships between ERRs signaling (including PCBs as ligands) and mitochondria function in Leydig cells, further intensive studies are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Milon
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Opydo-Chanek
- Department of Experimental Hematology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Waclaw Tworzydlo
- Department of Developmental Biology and Morphology of Invertebrates, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jerzy Galas
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Laura Pardyak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Alicja Kaminska
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Ptak
- Department of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Malgorzata Kotula-Balak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
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Moreira AC, Silva AM, Branco AF, Baldeiras I, Pereira GC, Seiça R, Santos MS, Sardão VA. Phytoestrogen coumestrol improves mitochondrial activity and decreases oxidative stress in the brain of ovariectomized Wistar-Han rats. J Funct Foods 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2017.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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Gender difference in relationship between serum ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D in Korean adults. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177722. [PMID: 28562685 PMCID: PMC5451000 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study was conducted to assess the gender difference in the relationship between serum ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in Korean adults. METHODS A total of 5,147 adults (2,162 men, 1,563 premenopausal women, and 1,422 postmenopausal women) aged ≥ 20 years from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) data (2012) were analyzed. A covariance test adjusted for covariates was performed for serum ferritin levels in relation to vitamin D status (vitamin D deficiency, 25(OH)D < 10.0 ng/mL; vitamin D insufficiency, 25(OH)D ≥ 10.0, < 20.0 ng/mL; vitamin D sufficiency, 25(OH)D ≥ 20.0 ng/mL). RESULTS The key study results were as follows: First, in men, in terms of serum ferritin levels by serum 25(OH)D level after adjusting for age, smoking, alcohol drinking, regular exercise, SBP, DBP, WM. TC, TGs, HDL-C, FPG, Hb, Hct, MCV, and Fe, serum ferritin levels were inversely increased with the increasing of serum 25(OH)D level (P = 0.012). Second, in premenopausal women, after adjusting for related variables, serum ferritin levels were increased with the increasing of serum 25(OH)D level (P = 0.003). Third, in postmenopausal women, after adjusting for related variables, serum ferritin levels were not significantly increased with the increasing of serum 25(OH)D level (P = 0.456). CONCLUSION Serum 25(OH)D level was inversely associated with the serum ferritin levels in men, but was positively associated with the serum ferritin levels in premenopausal women, and was not associated with the serum ferritin levels in postmenopausal women.
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Mitochondria: a central target for sex differences in pathologies. Clin Sci (Lond) 2017; 131:803-822. [PMID: 28424375 DOI: 10.1042/cs20160485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 206] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 01/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
It is increasingly acknowledged that a sex and gender specificity affects the occurrence, development, and consequence of a plethora of pathologies. Mitochondria are considered as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce the majority of energy-rich phosphate bonds in the form of adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP) but they also participate in many other functions like steroid hormone synthesis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, ionic regulation, and cell death. Adequate cellular energy supply and survival depend on mitochondrial life cycle, a process involving mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and quality control via mitophagy. It appears that mitochondria are the place of marked sexual dimorphism involving mainly oxidative capacities, calcium handling, and resistance to oxidative stress. In turn, sex hormones regulate mitochondrial function and biogenesis. Mutations in genes encoding mitochondrial proteins are the origin of serious mitochondrial genetic diseases. Mitochondrial dysfunction is also an important parameter for a large panel of pathologies including neuromuscular disorders, encephalopathies, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), metabolic disorders, neuropathies, renal dysfunction etc. Many of these pathologies present sex/gender specificity. Here we review the sexual dimorphism of mitochondria from different tissues and how this dimorphism takes part in the sex specificity of important pathologies mainly CVDs and neurological disorders.
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Zárate S, Astiz M, Magnani N, Imsen M, Merino F, Álvarez S, Reinés A, Seilicovich A. Hormone deprivation alters mitochondrial function and lipid profile in the hippocampus. J Endocrinol 2017; 233:1-14. [PMID: 28130408 DOI: 10.1530/joe-16-0451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 01/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is a common hallmark in aging. In the female, reproductive senescence is characterized by loss of ovarian hormones, many of whose neuroprotective effects converge upon mitochondria. The functional integrity of mitochondria is dependent on membrane fatty acid and phospholipid composition, which are also affected during aging. The effect of long-term ovarian hormone deprivation upon mitochondrial function and its putative association with changes in mitochondrial membrane lipid profile in the hippocampus, an area primarily affected during aging and highly responsive to ovarian hormones, is unknown. To this aim, Wistar adult female rats were ovariectomized or sham-operated. Twelve weeks later, different parameters of mitochondrial function (O2 uptake, ATP production, membrane potential and respiratory complex activities) as well as membrane phospholipid content and composition were evaluated in hippocampal mitochondria. Chronic ovariectomy reduced mitochondrial O2 uptake and ATP production rates and induced membrane depolarization during active respiration without altering the activity of respiratory complexes. Mitochondrial membrane lipid profile showed no changes in cholesterol levels but higher levels of unsaturated fatty acids and a higher peroxidizability index in mitochondria from ovariectomized rats. Interestingly, ovariectomy also reduced cardiolipin content and altered cardiolipin fatty acid profile leading to a lower peroxidizability index. In conclusion, chronic ovarian hormone deprivation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and changes in the mitochondrial membrane lipid profile comparable to an aging phenotype. Our study provides insights into ovarian hormone loss-induced early lipidomic changes with bioenergetic deficits in the hippocampus that may contribute to the increased risk of Alzheimer's disease and other age-associated disorders observed in postmenopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Zárate
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de HistologíaEmbriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Astiz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata (INIBIOLP, UNLP-CONICET) and Cátedra de Bioquímica y Biología MolecularFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Natalia Magnani
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL, UBA-CONICET)Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mercedes Imsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Merino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Silvia Álvarez
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL, UBA-CONICET)Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Analía Reinés
- Instituto de Biología Celular y Neurociencias 'Prof. E. De Robertis' (IBCN, UBA-CONICET)Facultad de Medicina and Cátedra de Farmacología, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Adriana Seilicovich
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas (INBIOMED, UBA-CONICET)Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Departamento de HistologíaEmbriología, Biología Celular y Genética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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