1
|
Avey AM, Valdez O, Baar K. Characterization of an in vitro engineered ligament model. Matrix Biol Plus 2024; 21:100140. [PMID: 38235356 PMCID: PMC10792631 DOI: 10.1016/j.mbplus.2023.100140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
In vivo tendon and ligament research can be limited by the difficultly of obtaining tissue samples that can be biochemically analyzed. In this study, we characterize the most widely used in vitro engineered ligament model. Despite previous works suggesting multiple passages change gene expression in 2D primary tenocytes, we found no relationship between passage number and expression of classical tendon fibroblast markers across different biological donors. When engineered into 3D ligaments, there was an increase in maximal tensile load between 7 and 14 days in culture, that corresponded with an increase in collagen content. By contrast, percent collagen increased logarithmically from Day 7 to Day 14, and this was similar to the increase in the modulus of the tissue. Importantly, there was no relationship between passage number and mechanical function or collagen content in the two independent donors tested. These results suggest that the model develops quickly and is reliable across differing passage numbers. This provides the field with the ability to 1) consistently determine functional changes of interventions out to passage number 10; and 2) to time interventions to the appropriate developmental stage: developing/regenerating (Day 7) or mature (Day 14) tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alec M. Avey
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Omar Valdez
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Keith Baar
- Department of Neurobiology, Physiology and Behavior, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
- Department of Physiology and Membrane Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Karlis GD, Schoenmaker T, Tsoromokos N, Veth OE, Loos BG, de Vries TJ. Passaging of gingival fibroblasts from periodontally healthy and diseased sites upregulates osteogenesis-related genes. Hum Cell 2024; 37:193-203. [PMID: 37882908 PMCID: PMC10764533 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-023-00995-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
To investigate biological processes of the periodontium, in vitro primary cell models have been established. To study the biology of the gingiva, primary gingival fibroblast cell models are widely used. For such experiments, cells need to be expanded and passaged. A key assumption is that primary cells maintain most of their original characteristics they have in situ. The aim of this research is to explore the impact of early passaging on selected gene expression of human gingival fibroblast cells. For this purpose, gene expression from the outgrowth of the resected tissues until the fourth passage was followed for nine tissue samples, from both healthy and diseased sites. Micrographs were taken from the cultures, RNA was extracted from the samples of each passage and quantitative PCR was performed for selected genes representing various biological processes. Epithelial cells were present during the first outgrowth, but were no longer present in the second passage. Our results indicate that the morphology of the gingival fibroblast cells does not change with passaging and that passages 2-4 contain only gingival fibroblasts. Gene expression of M-CSF, TNF-α, TLR4, POSTN and FAPα was unchanged by passaging, the expression of IL-6, IL-1β and TLR2 decreased due to passaging and the expression of in particular the selected osteogenesis genes (ALP, RUNX2, Osteonectin, COL1A), OPG and MKI67 increased with passaging. Worldwide, use of the same passage in laboratory experiments using primary cell cultures is the standard. Our results support this, since for certain genes, in particular osteogenesis genes, expression may alter solely due to passaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gerasimos D Karlis
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Private Practice for Periodontology and Implantology, Zwolle, The Netherlands.
| | - Ton Schoenmaker
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Olaf E Veth
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Private Practice for Periodontology and Implantology, Zwolle, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno G Loos
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Teun J de Vries
- Department of Periodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Gustav Mahlerlaan 3004, 1081 LA, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brown LS, King NE, Courtney JM, Gasperini RJ, Foa L, Howells DW, Sutherland BA. Brain pericytes in culture display diverse morphological and functional phenotypes. Cell Biol Toxicol 2023; 39:2999-3014. [PMID: 37322257 PMCID: PMC10693527 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-023-09814-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pericytes play several important functions in the neurovascular unit including contractile control of capillaries, maintenance of the BBB, regulation of angiogenesis, and neuroinflammation. There exists a continuum of pericyte subtypes along the vascular tree which exhibit both morphological and transcriptomic differences. While different functions have been associated with the pericyte subtypes in vivo, numerous recent publications have used a primary human brain vascular pericytes (HBVP) cell line where this pericyte heterogeneity has not been considered. Here, we used primary HBVP cultures, high-definition imaging, cell motility tracking, and immunocytochemistry to characterise morphology, protein expression, and contractile behaviour to determine whether heterogeneity of pericytes also exists in cultures. We identified five distinct morphological subtypes that were defined using both qualitative criteria and quantitative shape analysis. The proportion of each subtype present within the culture changed as passage number increased, but pericytes did not change morphological subtype over short time periods. The rate and extent of cellular and membrane motility differed across the subtypes. Immunocytochemistry revealed differential expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) across subtypes. αSMA is essential for cell contractility, and consequently, only subtypes with high αSMA expression contracted in response to physiological vasoconstrictors endothelin-1 (ET1) and noradrenaline (NA). We conclude that there are distinct morphological subtypes in HBVP culture, which display different behaviours. This has significance for the use of HBVP when modelling pericyte physiology in vitro where relevance to in vivo pericyte subtypes along the vascular tree must be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lachlan S Brown
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Natalie E King
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Jo-Maree Courtney
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Robert J Gasperini
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Lisa Foa
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - David W Howells
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia
| | - Brad A Sutherland
- Tasmanian School of Medicine, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Level 4 Medical Sciences Precinct, 17 Liverpool St, Hobart, TAS, 7000, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Slavick A, Furer V, Polachek A, Tzemach R, Elkayam O, Gertel S. Circulating and Synovial Monocytes in Arthritis and Ex-Vivo Model to Evaluate Therapeutic Modulation of Synovial Monocytes. Immunol Invest 2023; 52:832-855. [PMID: 37615125 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2023.2247438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes are innate immune cells that play a dual role in protection of host against pathogens and initiation and perpetuation of inflammatory disorders including joint diseases. During inflammation, monocytes migrate from peripheral blood to tissues via chemokine receptors where they produce inflammatory factors. Monocytes are classified into three subsets, namely: classical, intermediate and non-classical, each subset has particular function. Synovium of patients with inflammatory joint diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis as well as osteoarthritis, is enriched by monocytes that differ from circulatory ones by distinct subsets distribution. Several therapeutic agents used systemically or locally through intra-articular injections in arthritis management modulate monocyte subsets. This scoping review summarized the existing literature delineating the effect of common therapeutic agents used in arthritis management on circulating and synovial monocytes/macrophages. As certain agents have an inhibitory effect on monocytes, we propose to test their potential to inhibit synovial monocytes via an ex-vivo platform based on cultured synovial fluid mononuclear cells derived from patients with rheumatic diseases. Information obtained from the ex-vivo platform can be applied to explore the therapeutic potential of medications in clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adam Slavick
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Victoria Furer
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ari Polachek
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Reut Tzemach
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ori Elkayam
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Smadar Gertel
- Department of Rheumatology, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Timm T, Hild C, Liebisch G, Rickert M, Lochnit G, Steinmeyer J. Functional Characterization of Lysophospholipids by Proteomic and Lipidomic Analysis of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Cells 2023; 12:1743. [PMID: 37443777 PMCID: PMC10340184 DOI: 10.3390/cells12131743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Synovial fluid (SF) from human knee joints with osteoarthritis (OA) has elevated levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species, but their functional role is not well understood. This in vitro study was designed to test the hypothesis that various LPCs found elevated in OA SF and their metabolites, lysophosphatidic acids (LPAs), modulate the abundance of proteins and phospholipids (PLs) in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs), with even minute chemical variations in lysophospholipids determining the extent of regulation. Cultured FLSs (n = 5-7) were treated with one of the LPC species, LPA species, IL-1β, or a vehicle. Tandem mass tag peptide labeling coupled with LC-MS/MS/MS was performed to quantify proteins. The expression of mRNA from regulated proteins was analyzed using RT-PCR. PL synthesis was determined via ESI-MS/MS, and the release of radiolabeled PLs was determined by means of liquid scintillation counting. In total, 3960 proteins were quantified using multiplexed MS, of which 119, 8, and 3 were significantly and reproducibly regulated by IL-1β, LPC 16:0, and LPC 18:0, respectively. LPC 16:0 significantly inhibited the release of PLs and the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, LPC, and sphingomyelin. Neither LPC metabolite-LPA 16:0 nor LPA 18:0-had any reproducible effect on the levels of each protein. In conclusion, small chemical variations in LPC species can result in the significantly altered expression and secretion of proteins and PLs from FLSs. IL-1β influenced all proteins that were reproducibly regulated by LPC 16:0. LPC species are likely to modulate FLS protein expression only in more advanced OA stages with low IL-1β levels. None of the eight proteins being significantly regulated by LPC 16:0 have been previously reported in OA. However, our in vitro findings show that the CD81 antigen, calumenin, and B4E2C1 are promising candidates for further study, focusing in particular on their potential ability to modulate inflammatory and catabolic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Timm
- Protein Analytics Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Christiane Hild
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Department for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Markus Rickert
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Guenter Lochnit
- Protein Analytics Group, Institute of Biochemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopedics, Department of Orthopedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Anderson JR, Morin EE, Brayer KJ, Salbato S, Gonzalez Bosc LV, Kanagy NL, Naik JS. Single-cell transcriptomic heterogeneity between conduit and resistance mesenteric arteries in rats. Physiol Genomics 2023; 55:179-193. [PMID: 36912534 PMCID: PMC10085562 DOI: 10.1152/physiolgenomics.00126.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The endothelium contains morphologically similar cells throughout the vasculature, but individual cells along the length of a single vascular tree or in different regional circulations function dissimilarly. When observations made in large arteries are extrapolated to explain the function of endothelial cells (ECs) in the resistance vasculature, only a fraction of these observations are consistent between artery sizes. To what extent endothelial (EC) and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from different arteriolar segments of the same tissue differ phenotypically at the single-cell level remains unknown. Therefore, single-cell RNA-seq (10x Genomics) was performed using a 10X Genomics Chromium system. Cells were enzymatically digested from large (>300 µm) and small (<150 µm) mesenteric arteries from nine adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, pooled to create six samples (3 rats/sample, 3 samples/group). After normalized integration, the dataset was scaled before unsupervised cell clustering and cluster visualization using UMAP plots. Differential gene expression analysis allowed us to infer the biological identity of different clusters. Our analysis revealed 630 and 641 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between conduit and resistance arteries for ECs and VSMCs, respectively. Gene ontology analysis (GO-Biological Processes, GOBP) of scRNA-seq data discovered 562 and 270 pathways for ECs and VSMCs, respectively, that differed between large and small arteries. We identified eight and seven unique ECs and VSMCs subpopulations, respectively, with DEGs and pathways identified for each cluster. These results and this dataset allow the discovery and support of novel hypotheses needed to identify mechanisms that determine the phenotypic heterogeneity between conduit and resistance arteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob R Anderson
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Emily E Morin
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Kathryn J Brayer
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Sophia Salbato
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Laura V Gonzalez Bosc
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Nancy L Kanagy
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| | - Jay S Naik
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Szostak B, Gorący A, Pala B, Rosik J, Ustianowski Ł, Pawlik A. Latest models for the discovery and development of rheumatoid arthritis drugs. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2022; 17:1261-1278. [PMID: 36184990 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2022.2131765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that reduces the quality of life. The current speed of development of therapeutic agents against RA is not satisfactory. Models on which initial experiments are conducted do not fully reflect human pathogenesis. Overcoming this oversimplification might be a crucial step to accelerate studies on RA treatment. AREAS COVERED The current approaches to produce novel models or to improve currently available models for the development of RA drugs have been discussed. Advantages and drawbacks of two- and three-dimensional cell cultures and animal models have been described based on recently published results of the studies. Moreover, approaches such as tissue engineering or organ-on-a-chip have been reviewed. EXPERT OPINION The cell cultures and animal models used to date appear to be of limited value due to the complexity of the processes involved in RA. Current models in RA research should take into account the heterogeneity of patients in terms of disease subtypes, course, and activity. Several advanced models and tools using human cells and tissues have been developed, including three-dimensional tissues, liquid bioreactors, and more complex joint-on-a-chip devices. This may increase knowledge of the molecular mechanisms leading to disease development, to help identify new biomarkers for early detection, and to develop preventive strategies and more effective treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Szostak
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Anna Gorący
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Biochemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Bartłomiej Pala
- Department of Neurosurgery, Pomeranian Medical University Hospital No. 1, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Jakub Rosik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Łukasz Ustianowski
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Andrzej Pawlik
- Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li R, Wang TY, Shelp-Peck E, Wu SP, DeMayo FJ. The single-cell atlas of cultured human endometrial stromal cells. F&S SCIENCE 2022; 3:349-366. [PMID: 36089208 PMCID: PMC9669198 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2022.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically analyze the cell composition and transcriptome of primary human endometrial stromal cells (HESCs) and transformed human endometrial stromal cells (THESCs). DESIGN The primary HESCs from 3 different donors and 1 immortalized THESC were collected from the human endometrium at the midsecretory phase and cultured in vitro. SETTING Academic research laboratory. PATIENT(S) None. INTERVENTION(S) None. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing analysis. RESULT(S) We found the individual differences among the primary HESCs and bigger changes between the primary HESCs and THESCs. Cell clustering with or without integration identified cell clusters belonging to mature, proliferative, and active fibroblasts that were conserved across all samples at different stages of the cell cycles with intensive cell communication signals. All primary HESCs and THESCs can be correlated with some subpopulations of fibroblasts in the human endometrium. CONCLUSION(S) Our study indicated that the primary HESCs and THESCs displayed conserved cell characters and distinct cell clusters. Mature, proliferative, and active fibroblasts at different stages or cell cycles were detected across all samples and presented with a complex cell communication network. The cultured HESCs and THESCs retained the features of some subpopulations within the human endometrium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Li
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Tian-Yuan Wang
- Integrative Bioinformatics, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Elinor Shelp-Peck
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina; The Biological Sciences Department, The Department of Chemistry, Physics, and Geosciences, Meredith College, Raleigh, North Carolina
| | - San-Pin Wu
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Francesco J DeMayo
- Reproductive and Developmental Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, Durham, North Carolina.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kazakova AN, Anufrieva KS, Ivanova OM, Shnaider PV, Malyants IK, Aleshikova OI, Slonov AV, Ashrafyan LA, Babaeva NA, Eremeev AV, Boichenko VS, Lukina MM, Lagarkova MA, Govorun VM, Shender VO, Arapidi GP. Deeper insights into transcriptional features of cancer-associated fibroblasts: An integrated meta-analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:825014. [PMID: 36263012 PMCID: PMC9574913 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.825014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) have long been known as one of the most important players in tumor initiation and progression. Even so, there is an incomplete understanding of the identification of CAFs among tumor microenvironment cells as the list of CAF marker genes varies greatly in the literature, therefore it is imperative to find a better way to identify reliable markers of CAFs. To this end, we summarized a large number of single-cell RNA-sequencing data of multiple tumor types and corresponding normal tissues. As a result, for 9 different types of cancer, we identified CAF-specific gene expression signatures and found 10 protein markers that showed strongly positive staining of tumor stroma according to the analysis of IHC images from the Human Protein Atlas database. Our results give an insight into selecting the most appropriate combination of cancer-associated fibroblast markers. Furthermore, comparison of different approaches for studying differences between cancer-associated and normal fibroblasts (NFs) illustrates the superiority of transcriptome analysis of fibroblasts obtained from fresh tissue samples. Using single-cell RNA sequencing data, we identified common differences in gene expression patterns between normal and cancer-associated fibroblasts, which do not depend on the type of tumor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia N. Kazakova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- *Correspondence: Anastasia N. Kazakova, ; Ksenia S. Anufrieva,
| | - Ksenia S. Anufrieva
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- *Correspondence: Anastasia N. Kazakova, ; Ksenia S. Anufrieva,
| | - Olga M. Ivanova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Polina V. Shnaider
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Irina K. Malyants
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Chemical-Pharmaceutical Technologies and Biomedical Drugs, Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga I. Aleshikova
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey V. Slonov
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Lev A. Ashrafyan
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nataliya A. Babaeva
- National Medical Scientific Centre of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatal Medicine named after V.I. Kulakov, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V. Eremeev
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Veronika S. Boichenko
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria M. Lukina
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Experimental Oncology and Biomedical Technologies, Privolzhsky Research Medical University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia
| | - Maria A. Lagarkova
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim M. Govorun
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Scientific Research Institute for Systems Biology and Medicine, Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O. Shender
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Georgij P. Arapidi
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (National Research University), Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Shemyakin–Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Fatty Acid Fingerprints and Hyaluronic Acid in Extracellular Vesicles from Proliferating Human Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23105613. [PMID: 35628422 PMCID: PMC9146557 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23105613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as conveyors of fatty acids (FAs) and other bioactive lipids and can modulate the gene expression and behavior of target cells. EV lipid composition influences the fluidity and stability of EV membranes and reflects the availability of lipid mediator precursors. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) secrete EVs that transport hyaluronic acid (HA). FLSs play a central role in inflammation, pannus formation, and cartilage degradation in joint diseases, and EVs have recently emerged as potential mediators of these effects. The aim of the present study was to follow temporal changes in HA and EV secretion by normal FLSs, and to characterize the FA profiles of FLSs and EVs during proliferation. The methods used included nanoparticle tracking analysis, confocal laser scanning microscopy, sandwich-type enzyme-linked sorbent assay, quantitative PCR, and gas chromatography. The expression of hyaluronan synthases 1-3 in FLSs and HA concentrations in conditioned media decreased during cell proliferation. This was associated with elevated proportions of 20:4n-6 and total n-6 polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) in high-density cells, reductions in n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios, and up-regulation of cluster of differentiation 44, tumor necrosis factor α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, and PPAR-γ. Compared to the parent FLSs, 16:0, 18:0, and 18:1n-9 were enriched in the EV fraction. EV counts decreased during cell growth, and 18:2n-6 in EVs correlated with the cell count. To conclude, FLS proliferation was featured by increased 20:4n-6 proportions and reduced n-3/n-6 PUFA ratios, and FAs with a low degree of unsaturation were selectively transferred from FLSs into EVs. These FA modifications have the potential to affect membrane fluidity, biosynthesis of lipid mediators, and inflammatory processes in joints, and could eventually provide tools for translational studies to counteract cartilage degradation in inflammatory joint diseases.
Collapse
|
11
|
Thottakkattumana Parameswaran V, Hild C, Eichner G, Ishaque B, Rickert M, Steinmeyer J. Interleukin-1 Induces the Release of Lubricating Phospholipids from Human Osteoarthritic Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052409. [PMID: 35269552 PMCID: PMC8910712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Synovial fluid (SF) from knee joints with osteoarthritis (OA) has increased levels of phospholipids (PL). We have reported earlier that TGF-ß and IGF-1 stimulate fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) to synthesize increased amounts of PLs. The current study examined whether IL-1ß induces the release of PLs in FLS and the underlying mechanism. (2) Methods: Cultured human OA FLS were treated with IL-1ß alone and with pathway inhibitors or with synthetic liver X receptor (LXR) agonists. Cholesterol hydroxylases, ABC transporters, apolipoproteins (APO), LXR, sterol regulatory binding proteins (SREBPs), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) were analyzed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and ELISA. The release of radiolabeled PLs from FLS was determined, and statistical analysis was performed using R (N = 5–9). (3) Results: Like synthetic LXR agonists, IL-1ß induced a 1.4-fold greater release of PLs from FLS. Simultaneously, IL-1ß upregulated the level of the PL transporter ABCA1 and of cholesterol hydroxylases CH25H and CYP7B1. IL-1ß and T0901317 stimulated the expression of SREBP1c, whereas only T0901317 enhanced SREBP2, HMGCR, APOE, LXRα, and ABCG1 additionally. (4) Conclusions: IL-1ß partially controls PL levels in OA-SF by affecting the release of PLs from FLS. Our data show that IL-1ß upregulates cholesterol hydroxylases and thus the formation of oxysterols, which, as natural agonists of LXR, increase the level of active ABCA1, in turn enhancing the release of PLs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu Thottakkattumana Parameswaran
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.T.P.); (C.H.); (B.I.); (M.R.)
| | - Christiane Hild
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.T.P.); (C.H.); (B.I.); (M.R.)
| | - Gerrit Eichner
- Mathematical Institute, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
| | - Bernd Ishaque
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.T.P.); (C.H.); (B.I.); (M.R.)
| | - Markus Rickert
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.T.P.); (C.H.); (B.I.); (M.R.)
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany; (V.T.P.); (C.H.); (B.I.); (M.R.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mohapatra S, Ahmed S. The need for recreating rheumatic disease biology in a dish. INDIAN JOURNAL OF RHEUMATOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/injr.injr_249_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|
13
|
Pott F, Postmus D, Brown RJP, Wyler E, Neumann E, Landthaler M, Goffinet C. Single-cell analysis of arthritogenic alphavirus-infected human synovial fibroblasts links low abundance of viral RNA to induction of innate immunity and arthralgia-associated gene expression. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:2151-2168. [PMID: 34723780 PMCID: PMC8604527 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.2000891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Infection by (re-)emerging RNA arboviruses including Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) and Mayaro virus primarily cause acute febrile disease and transient polyarthralgia. However, in a significant subset of infected individuals, debilitating arthralgia persists for weeks over months up to years. The underlying immunopathogenesis of chronification of arthralgia upon primary RNA-viral infection remains unclear. Here, we analysed cell-intrinsic responses to ex vivo arthritogenic alphaviral infection of primary human synovial fibroblasts isolated from knee joints, one the most affected joint types during acute and chronic CHIKV disease. Synovial fibroblasts were susceptible and permissive to alphaviral infection. Base-line and exogenously added type I interferon (IFN) partially and potently restricted infection, respectively. RNA-seq revealed a CHIKV infection-induced transcriptional profile that comprised upregulation of expression of several hundred IFN-stimulated and arthralgia-mediating genes. Single-cell virus-inclusive RNA-seq uncovered a fine-tuned switch from induction to repression of cell-intrinsic immune responses depending on the abundance of viral RNA in an individual cell. Specifically, responses were most pronounced in cells displaying low-to-intermediate amounts of viral RNA and absence of virus-encoded, fluorescent reporter protein expression, arguing for efficient counteraction of innate immunity in cells expressing viral antagonists at sufficient quantities. In summary, cell-intrinsic sensing of viral RNA that potentially persists or replicates at low levels in synovial fibroblasts and other target cell types in vivo may contribute to the chronic arthralgia induced by alphaviral infections. Our findings might advance our understanding of the immunopathophysiology of long-term pathogenesis of RNA-viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Pott
- Institute of Virology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dylan Postmus
- Institute of Virology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Emanuel Wyler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Markus Landthaler
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association (MDC), Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology (BIMSB), Berlin, Germany
- IRI Life Sciences, Institut für Biologie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christine Goffinet
- Institute of Virology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Institute of Health at Charité, Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Køster D, Egedal JH, Lomholt S, Hvid M, Jakobsen MR, Müller-Ladner U, Eibel H, Deleuran B, Kragstrup TW, Neumann E, Nielsen MA. Phenotypic and functional characterization of synovial fluid-derived fibroblast-like synoviocytes in rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22168. [PMID: 34772990 PMCID: PMC8590001 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-01692-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) play an important pathological role in persistent inflammatory joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These cells have primarily been characterized in the RA synovial membrane. Here we aim to phenotypically and functionally characterize cultured synovial fluid-derived FLS (sfRA-FLS). Paired peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and sfRA-FLS from patients with RA were obtained and monocultures of sfRA-FLS and autologous co-cultures of sfRA-FLS and PBMC were established. The in situ activated sfRA-FLS were CD34-, CD45-, Podoplanin+, Thymocyte differentiation antigen-1+. SfRA-FLS expressed uniform levels of NFкB-related pathway proteins and secreted several pro-inflammatory cytokines dominated by IL-6 and MCP-1. In a co-culture model with autologous PBMC, the ICAM-1 and HLA-DR expression on sfRA-FLS and secretion of IL-1β, IL-6, and MCP-1 increased. In vivo, human sfRA-FLS were cartilage invasive both at ipsilateral and contralateral implantation site. We conclude that, sfRA-FLS closely resemble the pathological sublining layer FLS subset in terms of surface protein expression, cytokine production and leukocyte cross-talk potential. Further, sfRA-FLS are comparable to tissue-derived FLS in their capabilities to invade cartilage at implantation sites but also spread tissue destruction to a distant site. Collectively, sfRA-FLS can serve as a an easy-to-obtain source of pathological sublining FLS in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ditte Køster
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Johanne Hovgaard Egedal
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Lomholt
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Malene Hvid
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Martin R Jakobsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Campus Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Hermann Eibel
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology and Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center and Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Bent Deleuran
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Tue Wenzel Kragstrup
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark.,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Campus Kerckhoff, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Morten Aagaard Nielsen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 10, 8000, Aarhus, Denmark. .,Department of Rheumatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Banerjee M, Al-Eryani L, Srivastava S, Rai SN, Pan J, Kalbfleisch TS, States JC. Delineating the Effects of Passaging and Exposure in a Longitudinal Study of Arsenic-Induced Squamous Cell Carcinoma in a HaCaT Cell Line Model. Toxicol Sci 2021; 185:184-196. [PMID: 34730829 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfab129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is a major deleterious health effect of chronic arsenic (iAs) exposure. The molecular mechanism of arsenic-induced cSCC remains poorly understood. We recently demonstrated that chronic iAs exposure leads to temporally regulated genome-wide changes in profiles of differentially expressed mRNAs and miRNAs at each stage of carcinogenesis (7, 19 and 28 weeks) employing a well-established passage-matched HaCaT cell line model of arsenic-induced cSCC. Here, we performed longitudinal differential expression analysis (miRNA and mRNA) between the different time points (7 vs. 19 weeks and 19 vs. 28 weeks) within unexposed and exposed groups, coupled to expression pairing and pathway analyses to differentiate the relative effects of long-term passaging and chronic iAs exposure. Data showed that 66-105 miRNA [p < 0.05; log2(Fold Change)>I1I] and 2826-4079 mRNA [p < 0.001; log2(Fold Change)>I1I] molecules were differentially expressed depending on the longitudinal comparison. Several mRNA molecules differentially expressed as a function of time, independent of iAs exposure were being targeted by miRNA molecules which were also differentially expressed in a time dependent manner. Distinct pathways were predicted to be modulated as a function of time or iAs exposure. Some pathways were also modulated both by time and exposure. Thus, the HaCaT model can distinguish between the effects of passaging and chronic iAs exposure individually and corroborate our previously published data on effects of iAs exposure compared to unexposed passage matched HaCaT cells. In addition, this work provides a template for cell line based longitudinal chronic exposure studies to follow for optimal efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mayukh Banerjee
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Laila Al-Eryani
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Sudhir Srivastava
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY.,Centre for Agricultural Bioinformatics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, India New Delhi, 110012
| | - Shesh N Rai
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY.,Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Jianmin Pan
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Facility, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - Theodore S Kalbfleisch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| | - J Christopher States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville, USA Louisville, KY
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Z, Li X, Yang J, Gong Y, Zhang H, Qiu X, Liu Y, Zhou C, Chen Y, Greenbaum J, Cheng L, Hu Y, Xie J, Yang X, Li Y, Schiller MR, Chen Y, Tan L, Tang SY, Shen H, Xiao HM, Deng HW. Single-cell RNA sequencing deconvolutes the in vivo heterogeneity of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Int J Biol Sci 2021; 17:4192-4206. [PMID: 34803492 PMCID: PMC8579438 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.61950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells that have a critical role in the maintenance of skeletal tissues such as bone, cartilage, and the fat in bone marrow. In addition to providing microenvironmental support for hematopoietic processes, BM-MSCs can differentiate into various mesodermal lineages including osteoblast/osteocyte, chondrocyte, and adipocyte that are crucial for bone metabolism. While BM-MSCs have high cell-to-cell heterogeneity in gene expression, the cell subtypes that contribute to this heterogeneity in vivo in humans have not been characterized. To investigate the transcriptional diversity of BM-MSCs, we applied single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on freshly isolated CD271+ BM-derived mononuclear cells (BM-MNCs) from two human subjects. We successfully identified LEPRhiCD45low BM-MSCs within the CD271+ BM-MNC population, and further codified the BM-MSCs into distinct subpopulations corresponding to the osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation trajectories, as well as terminal-stage quiescent cells. Biological functional annotations of the transcriptomes suggest that osteoblast precursors induce angiogenesis coupled with osteogenesis, and chondrocyte precursors have the potential to differentiate into myocytes. We also discovered transcripts for several clusters of differentiation (CD) markers that were either highly expressed (e.g., CD167b, CD91, CD130 and CD118) or absent (e.g., CD74, CD217, CD148 and CD68) in BM-MSCs, representing potential novel markers for human BM-MSC purification. This study is the first systematic in vivo dissection of human BM-MSCs cell subtypes at the single-cell resolution, revealing an insight into the extent of their cellular heterogeneity and roles in maintaining bone homeostasis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zun Wang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Xiang Qiu
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Jonathan Greenbaum
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jie Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Xucheng Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yusheng Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Martin R. Schiller
- Nevada Institute of Personalized Medicine and School of Life Science, 4505 S. Maryland Pkwy, Las Vegas, NV 89154-4004, USA
| | - Yiping Chen
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Lijun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China; Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha, 410081, China
- Hunan Women's Research Association, Changsha, 410011, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center of Reproductive Health, System Biology and Data Information, Institute of Reproductive & Stem Cell Engineering, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Tulane Center for Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, 70112, USA
- School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Tao J, Lu Z, Su J, Qian X, Zhang Y, Xu Y, Song S, Hang X, Peng X, Chen F. ASIC1a promotes the proliferation of synovial fibroblasts via the ERK/MAPK pathway. J Transl Med 2021; 101:1353-1362. [PMID: 34282280 DOI: 10.1038/s41374-021-00636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial hyperplasia, a profound alteration in the structure of synovial tissue, is the basis for cumulative joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is generally accepted that controlling synovial hyperplasia can delay the progression of RA. As one of the most intensively studied isoforms of acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs), ASIC1a contributes to various physiopathologic conditions, including RA, due to its unique property of being permeable to Ca2+. However, the role and the regulatory mechanisms of ASIC1a in synovial hyperplasia are poorly understood. Here, rats induced with adjuvant arthritis (AA) and human primary synovial fibroblasts were used in vivo and in vitro to investigate the role of ASIC1a in the proliferation of RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). The results show that the expression of ASIC1a was significantly increased in synovial tissues and RASFs obtained from patients with RA as well as in the synovium of rats with AA. Moreover, extracellular acidification improved the ability of RASFs colony formation and increased the expression of proliferation cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Ki67, which was abrogated by the specific ASIC1a inhibitor psalmotoxin-1 (PcTX-1) or ASIC1a-short hairpin RNA (ASIC1a-shRNA), suggesting that extracellular acidification promotes the proliferation of RASFs by activating ASIC1a. In addition, the activation of c-Raf and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERKs) signaling was blocked with PcTX-1 or ASIC1a-shRNA and the proliferation of RASFs was further inhibited by the ERK inhibitor (U0126), indicating that ERK/MAPK signaling contributes to the proliferation process of RASFs promoted by the activation of ASIC1a. These findings gave us an insight into the role of ASIC1a in the proliferation of RASFs, which may provide solid foundation for ASIC1a as a potential target in the treatment of RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Tao
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Zheng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Jingwen Su
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xuewen Qian
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yihao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Yayun Xu
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Sujing Song
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoyu Hang
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xiaoqing Peng
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Feihu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases of Anhui Province, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
- Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immune Medicines, Ministry of Education, Hefei, 230032, China.
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Irinotecan and its metabolite SN38 inhibits procollagen I production of dermal fibroblasts from Systemic Sclerosis patients. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18011. [PMID: 34504265 PMCID: PMC8429710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a rare autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by a microangiopathy and fibrosis of the skin and internal organs. No treatment has been proved to be efficient in case of early or advanced SSc to prevent or reduce fibrosis. There are strong arguments for a key role of topo-I in the pathogenesis of diffuse SSc. Irinotecan, a semisynthetic derivative of Camptothecin, specifically target topo-I. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of noncytotoxic doses of irinotecan or its active metabolite SN38 on collagen production in SSc fibroblasts. Dermal fibroblasts from 4 patients with SSc and 2 healthy donors were cultured in the presence or absence of irinotecan or SN38. Procollagen I release was determined by ELISA and expression of a panel of genes involved in fibrosis was evaluated by qRT-PCR. Subcytotoxic doses of irinotecan and SN38 caused a significant and dose-dependent decrease of the procollagen I production in dermal fibroblasts from SSc patients, respectively − 48 ± 3%, p < 0.0001 and − 37 ± 6.2%, p = 0.0097. Both irinotecan and SN38 led to a global downregulation of genes involved in fibrosis such as COL1A1, COL1A2, MMP1 and ACTA2 in dermal fibroblasts from SSc patients (respectively − 27; − 20.5; − 30.2 and − 30% for irinotecan and − 61; − 55; − 50 and − 54% for SN38). SN38 increased significantly CCL2 mRNA level (+ 163%). The inhibitory effect of irinotecan and its active metabolite SN38 on collagen production by SSc fibroblasts, which occurs through regulating the levels of expression of genes mRNA, suggests that topoisomerase I inhibitors may be effective in limiting fibrosis in such patients.
Collapse
|
19
|
Marsh LJ, Kemble S, Reis Nisa P, Singh R, Croft AP. Fibroblast pathology in inflammatory joint disease. Immunol Rev 2021; 302:163-183. [PMID: 34096076 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease in which fibroblasts contribute to both joint damage and inflammation. Fibroblasts are a major cell constituent of the lining of the joint cavity called the synovial membrane. Under resting conditions, fibroblasts have an important role in maintaining joint homeostasis, producing extracellular matrix and joint lubricants. In contrast, during joint inflammation, fibroblasts contribute to disease pathology by producing pathogenic levels of inflammatory mediators that drive the recruitment and retention of inflammatory cells within the joint. Recent advances in single-cell profiling techniques have transformed our ability to examine fibroblast biology, leading to the identification of specific fibroblast subsets, defining a previously underappreciated heterogeneity of disease-associated fibroblast populations. These studies are challenging the previously held dogma that fibroblasts are homogeneous and are providing unique insights into their role in inflammatory joint pathology. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in our understanding of how fibroblast heterogeneity contributes to joint pathology in rheumatoid arthritis. Finally, we address how these insights could lead to the development of novel therapies that directly target selective populations of fibroblasts in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucy-Jayne Marsh
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Samuel Kemble
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Patricia Reis Nisa
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ruchir Singh
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Adam P Croft
- Rheumatology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing (IIA), Queen Elizabeth Hospital, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Qiu X, Liu Y, Shen H, Wang Z, Gong Y, Yang J, Li X, Zhang H, Chen Y, Zhou C, Lv W, Cheng L, Hu Y, Li B, Shen W, Zhu X, Tan LJ, Xiao HM, Deng HW. Single-cell RNA sequencing of human femoral head in vivo. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:15595-15619. [PMID: 34111027 PMCID: PMC8221309 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The homeostasis of bone metabolism depends on the coupling and precise regulation of various types of cells in bone tissue. However, the communication and interaction between bone tissue cells at the single-cell level remains poorly understood. Thus, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on the primary human femoral head tissue cells (FHTCs). Nine cell types were identified in 26,574 primary human FHTCs, including granulocytes, T cells, monocytes, B cells, red blood cells, osteoblastic lineage cells, endothelial cells, endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and plasmacytoid dendritic cells. We identified serine protease 23 (PRSS23) and matrix remodeling associated protein 8 (MXRA8) as novel bone metabolism-related genes. Additionally, we found that several subtypes of monocytes, T cells and B cells were related to bone metabolism. Cell-cell communication analysis showed that collagen, chemokine, transforming growth factor and their ligands have significant roles in the crosstalks between FHTCs. In particular, EPCs communicated with osteoblastic lineage cells closely via the "COL2A1-ITGB1" interaction pair. Collectively, this study provided an initial characterization of the cellular composition of the human FHTCs and the complex crosstalks between them at the single-cell level. It is a unique starting resource for in-depth insights into bone metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qiu
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hui Shen
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Zun Wang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Yun Gong
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Junxiao Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Xiaohua Li
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Huixi Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Cui Zhou
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Wanqiang Lv
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Department of Orthopedics and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Yihe Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - Boyang Li
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Wendi Shen
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Xuezhen Zhu
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Li-Jun Tan
- Laboratory of Molecular and Statistical Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Human Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Hong-Mei Xiao
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
| | - Hong-Wen Deng
- Center for System Biology, Data Sciences, and Reproductive Health, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Yuelu, Changsha 410013, China
- Tulane Center of Biomedical Informatics and Genomics, Deming Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
It is time to crowd your cell culture media - Physicochemical considerations with biological consequences. Biomaterials 2021; 275:120943. [PMID: 34139505 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.120943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In vivo, the interior and exterior of cells is populated by various macromolecules that create an extremely crowded milieu. Yet again, in vitro eukaryotic cell culture is conducted in dilute culture media that hardly imitate the native tissue density. Herein, the concept of macromolecular crowding is discussed in both intracellular and extracellular context. Particular emphasis is given on how the physicochemical properties of the crowding molecules govern and determine kinetics, equilibria and mechanism of action of biochemical and biological reactions, processes and functions. It is evidenced that we are still at the beginning of appreciating, let alone effectively implementing, the potential of macromolecular crowding in permanently differentiated and stem cell culture systems.
Collapse
|
22
|
Yoshida S, Asanoma K, Yagi H, Onoyama I, Hori E, Matsumura Y, Okugawa K, Yahata H, Kato K. Fibronectin mediates activation of stromal fibroblasts by SPARC in endometrial cancer cells. BMC Cancer 2021; 21:156. [PMID: 33579227 PMCID: PMC7881467 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-021-07875-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Matricellular glycoprotein, SPARC is a secreted molecule, that mediates the interaction between cells and extracellular matrix. SPARC functions as a regulator of matrix organization and modulates cell behavior. In various kinds of cancer, strong SPARC expression was observed in stromal tissues as well as in cancer epithelial cells. The function of SPARC in cancer cells is somewhat controversial and its impact on peritumoral stromal cells remains to be resolved. Methods We investigated the effects of SPARC expression in endometrial cancer cells on the surrounding stromal fibroblasts using in vitro co-culture system. Changes in characteristics of fibroblasts were examined by analysis of fibroblast-specific markers and in vitro contraction assay. Results SPARC induced AKT phosphorylation and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, consistent with previous reports. Cancer-associated fibroblasts of endometrial cancer expressed higher levels of mesenchymal- and fibroblast-associated factors and had a stronger contraction ability. Unexpectedly, cancer-associated fibroblasts expressed comparable levels of SPARC compared with fibroblasts from normal endometrium. However, co-culture of normal fibroblasts with SPARC-expressing Ishikawa cells resulted in activation of the fibroblasts. Immunodepletion of SPARC did not affect the activation of fibroblasts. Conclusions Our data indicated that SPARC activated fibroblasts only in the presence of fibronectin, which was abundantly secreted from SPARC-expressing endometrial cancer cells. These results suggested that a SPARC-fibronectin-mediated activation of fibroblasts might be involved in enhanced mobility and invasion of cancer cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12885-021-07875-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sachiko Yoshida
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kazuo Asanoma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan.
| | - Hiroshi Yagi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Ichiro Onoyama
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Emiko Hori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Yumiko Matsumura
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kaoru Okugawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yahata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Tsiapalis D, Kearns S, Kelly JL, Zeugolis DI. Growth factor and macromolecular crowding supplementation in human tenocyte culture. BIOMATERIALS AND BIOSYSTEMS 2021; 1:100009. [PMID: 36825160 PMCID: PMC9934496 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbiosy.2021.100009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cell-assembled tissue engineering strategies hold great potential in regenerative medicine, as three-dimensional tissue-like modules can be produced, even from a patient's own cells. However, the development of such implantable devices requires prolonged in vitro culture time, which is associated with cell phenotypic drift. Considering that the cells in vivo are subjected to numerous stimuli, multifactorial approaches are continuously gaining pace towards controlling cell fate during in vitro expansion. Herein, we assessed the synergistic effect of simultaneous and serial growth factor supplementation (insulin growth factor-1, platelet-derived growth factor ββ, growth differentiation factor 5 and transforming growth factor β3) to macromolecular crowding (carrageenan) in human tenocyte function; collagen synthesis and deposition; and gene expression. TGFβ3 supplementation (without/with carrageenan) induced the highest (among all groups) DNA content. In all cases, tenocyte proliferation was significantly increased as a function of time in culture, whilst metabolic activity was not affected. Carrageenan supplementation induced significantly higher collagen deposition than groups without carrageenan (without/with any growth factor). Of all the growth factors used, TGFβ3 induced the highest collagen deposition when used together with carrageenan in both simultaneous and serial fashion. At day 13, gene expression analysis revealed that TGFβ3 in serial supplementation to carrageenan upregulated the most and downregulated the least collagen- and tendon- related genes and upregulated the least and downregulated the most osteo-, chondro-, fibrosis- and adipose- related trans-differentiation genes. Collectively, these data clearly advocate the beneficial effects of multifactorial approaches (in this case, growth factor and macromolecular crowding supplementation) in the development of functional cell-assembled tissue surrogates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Tsiapalis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
| | | | | | - Dimitrios I. Zeugolis
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Science Foundation Ireland (SFI) Centre for Research in Medical Devices (CÚRAM), Biomedical Sciences Building, National University of Ireland Galway (NUI Galway), Galway, Ireland
- Regenerative, Modular & Developmental Engineering Laboratory (REMODEL), Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
- Corresponding authors.
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Jamil MA, Singer H, Al-Rifai R, Nüsgen N, Rath M, Strauss S, Andreou I, Oldenburg J, El-Maarri O. Molecular Analysis of Fetal and Adult Primary Human Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells: A Comparison to Other Endothelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E7776. [PMID: 33096636 PMCID: PMC7589710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
In humans, Factor VIII (F8) deficiency leads to hemophilia A and F8 is largely synthesized and secreted by the liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). However, the specificity and characteristics of these cells in comparison to other endothelial cells is not well known. In this study, we performed genome wide expression and CpG methylation profiling of fetal and adult human primary LSECs together with other fetal primary endothelial cells from lung (micro-vascular and arterial), and heart (micro-vascular). Our results reveal expression and methylation markers distinguishing LSECs at both fetal and adult stages. Differential gene expression of fetal LSECs in comparison to other fetal endothelial cells pointed to several differentially regulated pathways and biofunctions in fetal LSECs. We used targeted bisulfite resequencing to confirm selected top differentially methylated regions. We further designed an assay where we used the selected methylation markers to test the degree of similarity of in-house iPS generated vascular endothelial cells to primary LSECs; a higher similarity was found to fetal than to adult LSECs. In this study, we provide a detailed molecular profile of LSECs and a guide to testing the effectiveness of production of in vitro differentiated LSECs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ahmer Jamil
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | - Heike Singer
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | - Rawya Al-Rifai
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | - Nicole Nüsgen
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | - Melanie Rath
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | | | | | - Johannes Oldenburg
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| | - Osman El-Maarri
- Institute of Experimental Hematology and Transfusion Medicine, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127 Bonn, Germany; (M.A.J.); (H.S.); (R.A.-R.); (N.N.); (M.R.); (J.O.)
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Resende G, Machado C, Rocha M, Macedo R, Bueno J, Kakehasi A, Andrade M. IL-22 increases the production of sFRP3 by FLS in inflammatory joint diseases. Braz J Med Biol Res 2020; 53:e9880. [PMID: 32756816 PMCID: PMC7413613 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20209880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), psoriatic arthritis (PsA), and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) are inflammatory diseases with different bone remodeling patterns. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) are cells involved in the transition from an acute and reparable phase to a chronic and persistent stage in these diseases. The distinction of joint phenotypes involves inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-17, and IL-22 directly or through key signaling pathways such as Wnt. To evaluate the role of FLS as the source of Wnt antagonists (sFRP3/FRZB and Dkk1) in the synovia, levels of TNF- α, IL-17, IL-22, Dkk1, and sFRP3 were measured by ELISA directly in the synovial fluid of patients with RA, PsA, or AS. Dkk1 and sFRP3 were also measured in the FLS culture supernatants after different inflammatory stimulus. sFRP3 and Dkk1 are constitutively expressed by FLS. IL-22 and sFRP3 were positively correlated (r=0.76; P<0.01) in synovial fluid. The stimulation of FLS with IL-22, but not TNF-alpha and IL-17, increased the production of sFRP3. No stimulus altered the basal expression of Dkk1. These results showed, for the first time, the ability of IL-22 to increase the expression of sFRP3/FRZB by human FLS in both in vitro and ex vivo models. This finding linked IL-22 to local inhibition of Wnt signaling and possibly to blockade of osteogenesis. Furthermore, FLS presented as a source of this inhibitor in synovial fluid, assigning to this cell a bone injury mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G.G. Resende
- Serviço de Reumatologia, Hospital das Clínicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - C.R.L. Machado
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M.A. Rocha
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - R.B.V. Macedo
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - J.S.S. Bueno
- Departamento de Estatística, Universidade Federal de Lavras, Lavras, MG, Brasil
| | - A.M. Kakehasi
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde do Adulto, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - M.V. Andrade
- Departamento de Clínica Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Kilmister EJ, Patel J, van Schaijik B, Bockett N, Brasch HD, Paterson E, Sim D, Davis PF, Roth IM, Itinteang T, Tan ST. Cancer Stem Cell Subpopulations Are Present Within Metastatic Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1091. [PMID: 32850316 PMCID: PMC7406827 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have been identified in many cancer types including primary head and neck cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (HNcSCC). This study aimed to identify and characterize CSCs in metastatic HNcSCC (mHNcSCC). Immunohistochemical staining performed on mHNcSCC samples from 15 patients demonstrated expression of the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) markers OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4, and c-MYC in all 15 samples. In situ hybridization and RT-qPCR performed on four of these mHNcSCC tissue samples confirmed transcript expression of all five iPSC markers. Immunofluorescence staining performed on three of these mHNcSCC samples demonstrated expression of c-MYC on cells within the tumor nests (TNs) and the peri-tumoral stroma (PTS) that also expressed KLF4. OCT4 was expressed on the SOX2+/NANOG+/KLF4+ cells within the TNs, and the SOX2+/NANOG+/KLF4+ cells within the PTS. RT-qPCR demonstrated transcript expression of all five iPSC markers in all three mHNcSCC-derived primary cell lines, except for SOX2 in one cell line. Western blotting showed the presence of SOX2, KLF4, and c-MYC but not OCT4 and NANOG in the three mHNcSCC-derived primary cell lines. All three cell lines formed tumorspheres, at the first passage. We demonstrated an OCT4+/NANOG+/SOX2+/KLF4+/c-MYC+ CSC subpopulation and an OCT4+/NANOG-/SOX2+/KLF4+/c-MYC+ subpopulation within the TNs, and an OCT4+/NANOG+/SOX2+/KLF4+/c-MYC+ subpopulation within the PTS of mHNcSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josie Patel
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Helen D Brasch
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Erin Paterson
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Dalice Sim
- Biostatistical Group/Dean's Department, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Paul F Davis
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Imogen M Roth
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
| | | | - Swee T Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.,Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial and Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Dopamine induces in vitro migration of synovial fibroblast from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11928. [PMID: 32681006 PMCID: PMC7368011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68836-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing synovial fibroblast (SF) migration into the adjacent cartilage is a desirable therapeutic target in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). As previous studies demonstrated that RASF and SF from osteoarthritis (OA) patients express dopamine receptors (DR), aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of dopamine on mobility of fibroblasts from patients with chronic arthritides. Synovial tissue and fibroblasts were obtained from RA and OA patients. Immunohistochemistry was performed for all DR-subtypes in the invasion zone. Migration- and motility-assays were performed under DR-stimulation. Cytokines were evaluated using ELISA. Expression of DRs was evaluated by flow cytometry, and DR activation was measured by xCELLigence real-time analysis.
All DRs were expressed in RA invasion zone. Migration and motility of RASF and OASF were increased after DR stimulation in patients ≤ 75 years old. Synovial fibroblasts from older RA patients (> 75 years old) expressed lower levels of D1-, D2- and D4-DR than patients ≤ 75 years old. DR activation was not altered in older patients. Our results suggest a possible involvement of dopamine on migration of fibroblasts from arthritis patients. Therefore, the synovial dopaminergic pathway might represent a potential therapeutic target to interfere with progressive joint damage in RA patients.
Collapse
|
28
|
Munro MJ, Peng L, Wickremesekera SK, Tan ST. Colon adenocarcinoma-derived cells that express induced-pluripotent stem cell markers possess stem cell function. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0232934. [PMID: 32428045 PMCID: PMC7236985 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0232934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS Much work has been done to find markers of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that distinguish them from the tumor bulk cells and normal cells. Recent CSC research has applied the induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) concept. In this study, we investigated the expression of a panel of iPSC markers in primary colon adenocarcinoma (CA)-derived cell lines. MATERIALS AND METHODS Expression of iPSC markers by CA-derived primary cell lines was interrogated using immunocytochemistry, western blotting and RT-qPCR. The stem cell function of these cells was then assessed in vitro using differentiation and tumorsphere assays. RESULTS Expression of iPSC markers OCT4, SOX2, NANOG, KLF4 and c-MYC was more widespread in high-grade CA (HGCA) cell lines than low-grade CA (LGCA) cell lines, as demonstrated by western blotting and RT-qPCR. These cells could be induced to differentiate down the three embryonic lineages. Cells derived from HGCA were more capable of forming tumorspheres than those derived from LGCA. EpCAM sorting revealed that a population enriched for EpCAMHigh cells formed larger tumorspheres than EpCAMLow cells. Pluripotency markers, SSEA4 and TRA-1-60, were co-expressed by a small subpopulation of cells that also co-expressed SOX2 in 75% and OCT4 in 50% of the cell lines. CONCLUSIONS CA-derived primary cell lines contain tumorsphere-forming cells which express key pluripotency genes and can differentiate down 3 embryonic lineages, suggesting a pluripotent CSC-like phenotype. There appear to be two iPSC-like subpopulations, one with high EpCAM expression which forms larger tumorspheres than another with low EpCAM expression. Furthermore, these cells can be characterized based on iPSC marker expression, as we have previously demonstrated in the original CA tumor tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J. Munro
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Lifeng Peng
- School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Biodiscovery, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Susrutha K. Wickremesekera
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
- Department of General Surgery, Upper Gastrointestinal, Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Section, Wellington Regional Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Swee T. Tan
- Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand
- Wellington Regional Plastic, Maxillofacial & Burns Unit, Hutt Hospital, Lower Hutt, New Zealand
- Department of Surgery, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Qadri M, Jay GD, Zhang LX, Richendrfer H, Schmidt TA, Elsaid KA. Proteoglycan-4 regulates fibroblast to myofibroblast transition and expression of fibrotic genes in the synovium. Arthritis Res Ther 2020; 22:113. [PMID: 32404156 PMCID: PMC7222325 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-020-02207-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Synovial tissue fibrosis is common in advanced OA with features including the presence of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts and deposition of cross-linked collagen type-I. Proteoglycan-4 (PRG4) is a mucinous glycoprotein secreted by synovial fibroblasts and is a major component of synovial fluid. PRG4 is a ligand of the CD44 receptor. Our objective was to examine the role of PRG4-CD44 interaction in regulating synovial tissue fibrosis in vitro and in vivo. Methods OA synoviocytes were treated with TGF-β ± PRG4 for 24 h and α-SMA content was determined using immunofluorescence. Rhodamine-labeled rhPRG4 was incubated with OA synoviocytes ± anti-CD44 or isotype control antibodies and cellular uptake of rhPRG4 was determined following a 30-min incubation and α-SMA expression following a 24-h incubation. HEK-TGF-β cells were treated with TGF-β ± rhPRG4 and Smad3 phosphorylation was determined using immunofluorescence and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation was determined colorimetrically. We probed for stress fibers and focal adhesions (FAs) in TGF-β-treated murine fibroblasts and fibroblast migration was quantified ± rhPRG4. Synovial expression of fibrotic markers: α-SMA, collagen type-I, and PLOD2 in Prg4 gene-trap (Prg4GT) and recombined Prg4GTR animals were studied at 2 and 9 months of age. Synovial expression of α-SMA and PLOD2 was determined in 2-month-old Prg4GT/GT&Cd44−/− and Prg4GTR/GTR&Cd44−/− animals. Results PRG4 reduced α-SMA content in OA synoviocytes (p < 0.001). rhPRG4 was internalized by OA synoviocytes via CD44 and CD44 neutralization attenuated rhPRG4’s antifibrotic effect (p < 0.05). rhPRG4 reduced pSmad3 signal in HEK-TGF-β cells (p < 0.001) and TGF-β/Smad pathway activation (p < 0.001). rhPRG4 reduced the number of stress fiber-positive myofibroblasts, FAs mean size, and cell migration in TGF-β-treated NIH3T3 fibroblasts (p < 0.05). rhPRG4 inhibited fibroblast migration in a macrophage and fibroblast co-culture model without altering active or total TGF-β levels. Synovial tissues of 9-month-old Prg4GT/GT animals had higher α-SMA, collagen type-I, and PLOD2 (p < 0.001) content and Prg4 re-expression reduced these markers (p < 0.01). Prg4 re-expression also reduced α-SMA and PLOD2 staining in CD44-deficient mice. Conclusion PRG4 is an endogenous antifibrotic modulator in the joint and its effect on myofibroblast formation is partially mediated by CD44, but CD44 is not required to demonstrate an antifibrotic effect in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa Qadri
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Sciences Campus, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan, 82826, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Ling X Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Holly Richendrfer
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Khaled A Elsaid
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Rinker Health Sciences Campus, 9401 Jeronimo Road, Irvine, CA, 92618, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nurmik M, Ullmann P, Rodriguez F, Haan S, Letellier E. In search of definitions: Cancer-associated fibroblasts and their markers. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:895-905. [PMID: 30734283 PMCID: PMC6972582 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment has been identified as one of the driving factors of tumor progression and invasion. Inside this microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a type of perpetually activated fibroblasts, have been implicated to have a strong tumor-modulating effect and play a key role in areas such as drug resistance. Identification of CAFs has typically been carried based on the expression of various "CAF markers", such as fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), which separates them from the larger pool of fibroblasts present in the body. However, as outlined in this Review, the expression of various commonly used fibroblast markers is extremely heterogeneous and varies strongly between different CAF subpopulations. As such, novel selection methods based on cellular function, as well as further characterizing research, are vital for the standardization of CAF identification in order to improve the cross-applicability of different research studies in the field. The aim of this review is to give a thorough overview of the commonly used fibroblast markers in the field and their various strengths and, more importantly, their weaknesses, as well as to highlight potential future avenues for CAF identification and targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nurmik
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Pit Ullmann
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Fabien Rodriguez
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Serge Haan
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Dorris ER, Linehan E, Trenkmann M, Veale DJ, Fearon U, Wilson AG. Association of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Severity Variant rs26232 with the Invasive Activity of Synovial Fibroblasts. Cells 2019; 8:cells8101300. [PMID: 31652652 PMCID: PMC6829881 DOI: 10.3390/cells8101300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
rs26232, located in intron one of C5orf30, is associated with the susceptibility to and severity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Here, we investigate the relationship between this variant and the biological activities of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs). RASFs were isolated from the knee joints of 33 RA patients. The rs26232 genotype was determined and cellular migration, invasion, and apoptosis were compared using in vitro techniques. The production of adhesion molecules, chemokines, and proteases was measured by ELISA or flow cytometry. Cohort genotypes were CC n = 16; CT n = 14; TT n = 3. In comparison with the RASFs of the CT genotype, the CC genotype showed a 1.48-fold greater invasiveness in vitro (p = 0.02), 1.6-fold higher expression intracellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 (p = 0.001), and 5-fold IFN-γ inducible protein-10 (IP-10) (p = 0.01). There was no association of the rs26232 genotype with the expression levels of either total C5orf30 mRNA or any of the three transcript variants. The rs26232 C allele, which has previously been associated with both the risk and severity of RA, is associated with greater invasive activity of RASFs in vitro, and with higher expression of ICAM-1 and IP-10. In resting RASFs, rs26232 is not a quantitative trait locus for C5orf30 mRNA, indicating a more complex mechanism underlying the genotype‒phenotype relationship.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma R Dorris
- University College Dublin Centre for Arthritis Research, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 W6F6, Ireland.
| | - Eimear Linehan
- University College Dublin Centre for Arthritis Research, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 W6F6, Ireland.
| | - Michelle Trenkmann
- University College Dublin Centre for Arthritis Research, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 W6F6, Ireland.
| | - Douglas J Veale
- University College Dublin Centre for Arthritis Research, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 W6F6, Ireland.
| | - Ursula Fearon
- Molecular Rheumatology, School of Medicine, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin D06 R590, Ireland.
| | - Anthony G Wilson
- University College Dublin Centre for Arthritis Research, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin D04 W6F6, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Saare M, Krigul KL, Laisk-Podar T, Ponandai-Srinivasan S, Rahmioglu N, Lalit Kumar PG, Zondervan K, Salumets A, Peters M. DNA methylation alterations-potential cause of endometriosis pathogenesis or a reflection of tissue heterogeneity? Biol Reprod 2019; 99:273-282. [PMID: 29796617 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alterations in the DNA methylation pattern of endometriotic lesions and endometrium of endometriosis patients have been proposed as one potential factor accompanying the endometriosis development. Although many differentially methylated genes have been associated with the pathogenesis of this disease, the overlap between the results of different studies has remained small. Among other potential confounders, the impact of tissue heterogeneity on the outcome of DNA methylation studies should be considered, as tissues are mixtures of different cell types with their own specific DNA methylation signatures. This review focuses on the results of DNA methylation studies in endometriosis from the cellular heterogeneity perspective. We consider both the studies using highly heterogeneous whole-lesion biopsies and endometrial tissue, as well as pure cell fractions isolated from lesions and endometrium to understand the potential impact of the cellular composition to the results of endometriosis DNA methylation studies. Also, future perspectives on how to diminish the impact of tissue heterogeneity in similar studies are provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Merli Saare
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kertu Liis Krigul
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Triin Laisk-Podar
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Nilufer Rahmioglu
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Parameswaran Grace Lalit Kumar
- Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Krina Zondervan
- Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Endometriosis CaRe Centre, Nuffield Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Andres Salumets
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.,Insitute of Bio- and Translational Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maire Peters
- Competence Centre on Health Technologies, Tartu, Estonia.,Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Diller M, Hasseli R, Hülser ML, Aykara I, Frommer K, Rehart S, Müller-Ladner U, Neumann E. Targeting Activated Synovial Fibroblasts in Rheumatoid Arthritis by Peficitinib. Front Immunol 2019; 10:541. [PMID: 30984167 PMCID: PMC6448044 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Synovial fibroblasts (SF) play a major role in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and develop an aggressive phenotype destroying cartilage and bone, thus termed RASF. JAK inhibitors have shown to be an efficient therapeutic option in RA treatment, but less is known about the effect of JAK inhibitors on activated RASF. The aim of the study was to examine the effects of JAK inhibitors on activated RASF. Methods: Synovium of RA patients was obtained during knee replacement surgeries. Synoviocytes were isolated and pretreated with JAK inhibitors. Pro-inflammatory cytokines and matrix degrading proteinases were measured by ELISA in supernatant after stimulation with oncostatin M or IL-1β. The proliferation of RASF was measured by BrdU incorporation. Cell culture inserts were used to evaluate cell migration. For adhesion assays, RASF were seeded in culture plates. Then, plates were extensively shaken and adherent RASF quantified. Cell viability, cytotoxicity and apoptosis were measured using the ApoTox-Glo™ Triplex and the CellTox™ Green Cytotoxicity Assay. Results: Tofacitinib and baricitinib decreased the IL-6 release of RASF stimulated with oncostatin M. JAK inhibition attenuated the IL-6 release of IL-1β activated and with soluble IL-6 receptor treated RASF. In contrast, only peficitinib and filgotinib decreased the IL-6 release of RASF activated with IL-1β. Peficitinib decreased also the MMP-3, CXCL8, and CXCL1 release at 5 μM. Moreover, peficitinib was the only JAK inhibitor suppressing proliferation of activated RASF at 1 μM. Peficitinib further decreased the migration of RASF without being cytotoxic or pro-apoptotic and without altering cell adhesion. Conclusions: JAK inhibitors effectively suppress the inflammatory response induced by oncostatin M and by transsignaling of IL-6 in RASF. Only peficitinib modulated the IL-1β-induced response of RASF and their proliferation in vitro at concentrations close to reported Cmax values of well tolerated doses in vivo. In contrast to filgotinib, peficitinib also highly suppressed RASF migration showing the potential of peficitinib to target RASF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magnus Diller
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Hasseli
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Marie-Lisa Hülser
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Iris Aykara
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus Frommer
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Stefan Rehart
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma Surgery, Agaplesion Markus Hospital, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Ulf Müller-Ladner
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Elena Neumann
- Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Campus Kerckhoff, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Understanding the hidden relations between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in bovine oviduct epithelium using a multilayer response surface method. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3189. [PMID: 30816156 PMCID: PMC6395797 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
An understanding gene-gene interaction helps users to design the next experiments efficiently and (if applicable) to make a better decision of drugs application based on the different biological conditions of the patients. This study aimed to identify changes in the hidden relationships between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes in the bovine oviduct epithelial cells (BOECs) under various experimental conditions using a multilayer response surface method. It was noted that under physiological conditions (BOECs with sperm or sex hormones, such as ovarian sex steroids and LH), the mRNA expressions of IL10, IL1B, TNFA, TLR4, and TNFA were associated with IL1B, TNFA, TLR4, IL4, and IL10, respectively. Under pathophysiological + physiological conditions (BOECs with lipopolysaccharide + hormones, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein + hormones, zearalenone + hormones, or urea + hormones), the relationship among genes was changed. For example, the expression of IL10 and TNFA was associated with (IL1B, TNFA, or IL4) and TLR4 expression, respectively. Furthermore, under physiological conditions, the co-expression of IL10 + TNFA, TLR4 + IL4, TNFA + IL4, TNFA + IL4, or IL10 + IL1B and under pathophysiological + physiological conditions, the co-expression of IL10 + IL4, IL4 + IL10, TNFA + IL10, TNFA + TLR4, or IL10 + IL1B were associated with IL1B, TNFA, TLR4, IL10, or IL4 expression, respectively. Collectively, the relationships between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine genes can be changed with respect to the presence/absence of toxins, sex hormones, sperm, and co-expression of other gene pairs in BOECs, suggesting that considerable cautions are needed in interpreting the results obtained from such narrowly focused in vitro studies.
Collapse
|
35
|
Sluzalska KD, Liebisch G, Ishaque B, Schmitz G, Rickert M, Steinmeyer J. The Effect of Dexamethasone, Adrenergic and Cholinergic Receptor Agonists on Phospholipid Metabolism in Human Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020342. [PMID: 30650648 PMCID: PMC6359197 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/09/2019] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phospholipids (PLs) possess the unique ability to contribute to synovial joint lubrication. The aim of our study was to determine for the first time the effect of dexamethasone and some adrenergic and cholinergic agonists on the biosynthesis and release of PLs from human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Osteoarthritic human knee FLS were treated with dexamethasone, terbutaline, epinephrine, carbachol, and pilocarpine, or the glucocorticoid receptor antagonist RU 486. Simultaneously PL biosynthesis was determined through the incorporation of stable isotope-labeled precursors into PLs. Radioactive isotope-labeled precursors were used to radiolabel PLs for the subsequent quantification of their release into nutrient media. Lipids were extracted and quantified using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry or liquid scintillation counting. Dexamethasone significantly decreased the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), PE-based plasmalogen, and sphingomyelin. The addition of RU 486 abolished these effects. A release of PLs from FLS into nutrient media was not recognized by any of the tested agents. None of the adrenergic or cholinergic receptor agonists modulated the PL biosynthesis. We demonstrate for the first time an inhibitory effect of dexamethasone on the PL biosynthesis of FLS from human knees. Moreover, our study indicates that the PL metabolism of synovial joints and lungs are differently regulated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna D Sluzalska
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Liebisch
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Bernd Ishaque
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Gerd Schmitz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany.
| | - Markus Rickert
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Li Yim AYF, de Bruyn JR, Duijvis NW, Sharp C, Ferrero E, de Jonge WJ, Wildenberg ME, Mannens MMAM, Buskens CJ, D’Haens GR, Henneman P, te Velde AA. A distinct epigenetic profile distinguishes stenotic from non-inflamed fibroblasts in the ileal mucosa of Crohn's disease patients. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0209656. [PMID: 30589872 PMCID: PMC6307755 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0209656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The chronic remitting and relapsing intestinal inflammation characteristic of Crohn's disease frequently leads to fibrosis and subsequent stenosis of the inflamed region. Approximately a third of all Crohn's disease patients require resection at some stage in their disease course. As the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease associated fibrosis is largely unknown, a strong necessity exists to better understand the pathophysiology thereof. METHODS In this study, we investigated changes of the DNA methylome and transcriptome of ileum-derived fibroblasts associated to the occurrence of Crohn's disease associated fibrosis. Eighteen samples were included in a DNA methylation array and twenty-one samples were used for RNA sequencing. RESULTS Most differentially methylated regions and differentially expressed genes were observed when comparing stenotic with non-inflamed samples. By contrast, few differences were observed when comparing Crohn's disease with non-Crohn's disease, or inflamed with non-inflamed tissue. Integrative methylation and gene expression analyses revealed dysregulation of genes associated to the PRKACA and E2F1 network, which is involved in cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, epithelial to mesenchymal transition, and bile metabolism. CONCLUSION Our research provides evidence that the methylome and the transcriptome are systematically dysregulated in stenosis-associated fibroblasts.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Y. F. Li Yim
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Jessica R. de Bruyn
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Nicolette W. Duijvis
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Catriona Sharp
- Epigenetics Discovery Performance Unit, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Enrico Ferrero
- Computational Biology, Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Stevenage, United Kingdom
| | - Wouter J. de Jonge
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Manon E. Wildenberg
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Marcel M. A. M. Mannens
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christianne J. Buskens
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Geert R. D’Haens
- Department of Gastroenterology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter Henneman
- Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Department of Clinical Genetics, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Anje A. te Velde
- Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Simons VS, Lochnit G, Wilhelm J, Ishaque B, Rickert M, Steinmeyer J. Comparative Analysis of Peptide Composition and Bioactivity of Different Collagen Hydrolysate Batches on Human Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17733. [PMID: 30531866 PMCID: PMC6286367 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36046-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen hydrolysates (CHs) are heterogeneous mixtures of collagen peptides that are often used as nutraceuticals for osteoarthritis (OA). In this study, we compared the peptide composition and pharmacological effects of three different CH preparations (CH-Alpha®, Peptan® B 2000 and Mobiforte®) as well as their production batches. Our biochemical analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and the ICPL™-isotope labelling method revealed marked differences between different CH preparations and even between some production batches of the same preparation. We also investigated the pharmacological effects of these CHs on human fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). No significant effects on cultured FLS could be demonstrated for either production batch of CH-Alpha®, Peptan® B 2000, and Mobiforte® analyzing a small number of pharmacological relevant targets. Thus, our study already shows for the first time that different production batches of the same CH preparation as well as different CH preparations can differ significantly in their peptide composition. In this line, further studies are also needed to verify equal pharmacological efficacy of CH batches on a much broader range of (patho)physiological relevant targets. If OA patients are to be offered a safe and effective nutraceutical a better knowledge about all potential effects as well as ensuring the same active-substance levels are a prerequisite.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Viktor S Simons
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Paul-Meimberg-Str. 3, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Guenter Lochnit
- Protein Analytics, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Friedrichstr. 24, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Jochen Wilhelm
- German Lung Research Center, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Gaffkystr. 11, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd Ishaque
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Paul-Meimberg-Str. 3, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Markus Rickert
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Paul-Meimberg-Str. 3, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Juergen Steinmeyer
- Laboratory for Experimental Orthopaedics, Department of Orthopaedics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Paul-Meimberg-Str. 3, 35392, Giessen, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Dubois VP, Zotova D, Parkins KM, Swick C, Hamilton AM, Kelly JJ, Ronald JA. Safe Harbor Targeted CRISPR-Cas9 Tools for Molecular-Genetic Imaging of Cells in Living Subjects. CRISPR J 2018; 1:440-449. [PMID: 31021241 DOI: 10.1089/crispr.2018.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Noninvasive molecular-genetic imaging of cells expressing imaging reporter genes is an invaluable approach for longitudinal monitoring of the biodistribution and viability of cancer cells and cell-based therapies in preclinical models and patients. However, labeling cells with reporter genes often relies on using gene transfer methods that randomly integrate the reporter genes into the genome, which may cause unwanted and serious detrimental effects. To overcome this, we have developed CRISPR-Cas9 tools to edit cells at the adeno-associated virus site 1 (AAVS1) safe harbour with a large donor construct (∼6.3 kilobases) encoding an antibiotic resistance gene and reporter genes for bioluminescence (BLI) and fluorescence imaging. HEK293T cells were transfected with a dual plasmid system encoding the Cas9 endonuclease and an AAVS1-targeted guide RNA in one plasmid, and a donor plasmid encoding a puromycin resistance gene, tdTomato and firefly luciferase flanked by AAVS1 homology arms. Puromycin-resistant clonal cells were isolated and AAVS1 integration was confirmed via PCR and sequencing of the PCR product. In vitro BLI signal correlated well to cell number (R2 = 0.9988; p < 0.05) and was stable over multiple passages. Engineered cells (2.5 × 106) were injected into the left hind flank of nude mice and in vivo BLI was performed on days 0, 7, 14, 21, and 28. BLI signal trended down from day 0 to day 7, but significantly increased by day 28 due to cell growth (p < 0.05). This describes the first CRISPR-Cas9 system for AAVS1 integration of large gene constructs for molecular-genetic imaging of cells in vivo. With further development, including improving editing efficiency, use of clinically relevant reporters, and evaluation in other cell populations that can be readily expanded in culture (e.g., immortalized cells or T cells), this CRISPR-Cas9 reporter gene system could be broadly applied to a number of in vivo cell tracking studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica P Dubois
- 1 Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University , London, Ontario, Canada.,2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darya Zotova
- 2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Katie M Parkins
- 1 Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Connor Swick
- 2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Amanda M Hamilton
- 2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John J Kelly
- 2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada
| | - John A Ronald
- 1 Department of Medical Biophysics, Western University , London, Ontario, Canada.,2 Imaging Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute , London, Ontario, Canada.,3 Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Preisner F, Leimer U, Sandmann S, Zoernig I, Germann G, Koellensperger E. Impact of Human Adipose Tissue-Derived Stem Cells on Malignant Melanoma Cells in An In Vitro Co-culture Model. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2018; 14:125-140. [PMID: 29064018 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-017-9772-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the interactions of human adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and malignant melanoma cells (MMCs) with regard to future cell-based skin therapies. The aim was to identify potential oncological risks as ADSCs could unintentionally be sited within the proximity of the tumor microenvironment of MMCs. An indirect co-culture model was used to analyze interactions between ADSCs and four different established melanoma cell lines (G-361, SK-Mel-5, MeWo and A2058) as well as two low-passage primary melanoma cell cultures (M1 and M2). Doubling time, migration and invasion, angiogenesis, quantitative real-time PCR of 229 tumor-associated genes and multiplex protein assays of 20 chemokines and growth factors and eight matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) were evaluated. Co-culture with ADSCs significantly increased migration capacity of G-361, SK-Mel-5, A2058, MeWo and M1 and invasion capacity of G-361, SK-Mel-5 and A2058 melanoma cells. Furthermore, conditioned media from all ADSC-MMC-co-cultures induced tube formation in an angiogenesis assay in vitro. Gene expression analysis of ADSCs and MMCs, especially of low-passage melanoma cell cultures, revealed an increased expression of various genes with tumor-promoting activities, such as CXCL12, PTGS2, IL-6, and HGF upon ADSC-MMC-co-culture. In this context, a significant increase (up to 5,145-fold) in the expression of numerous tumor-associated proteins could be observed, e.g. several pro-angiogenic factors, such as VEGF, IL-8, and CCL2, as well as different matrix metalloproteinases, especially MMP-2. In conclusion, the current report clearly demonstrates that a bi-directional crosstalk between ADSCs and melanoma cells can enhance different malignant properties of melanoma cells in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Preisner
- ETHIANUM - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Voßstraße 6, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Uwe Leimer
- ETHIANUM - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Voßstraße 6, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Sandmann
- ETHIANUM - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Voßstraße 6, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Inka Zoernig
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 460, 60120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Guenter Germann
- ETHIANUM - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Voßstraße 6, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Eva Koellensperger
- ETHIANUM - Clinic for Plastic, Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgery, Spine, Orthopedic and Hand Surgery, Preventive Medicine, Voßstraße 6, 69115, Heidelberg, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Qadri MM, Jay GD, Ostrom RS, Zhang LX, Elsaid KA. cAMP attenuates TGF-β's profibrotic responses in osteoarthritic synoviocytes: involvement of hyaluronan and PRG4. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C432-C443. [PMID: 29898378 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00041.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is characterized by synovitis and synovial fibrosis. Synoviocytes are fibroblast-like resident cells of the synovium that are activated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-β to proliferate, migrate, and produce extracellular matrix. Synoviocytes secrete hyaluronan (HA) and proteoglycan-4 (PRG4). HA reduces synovial fibrosis in vivo, and the Prg4-/- mouse exhibits synovial hyperplasia. We investigated the antifibrotic effects of increased intracellular cAMP in TGF-β-stimulated human OA synoviocytes. TGF-β1 stimulated collagen I (COL1A1), α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-1, and procollagen-lysine, 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) expression, and procollagen I, α-SMA, HA, and PRG4 production, migration, and proliferation of OA synoviocytes were measured. Treatment of OA synoviocytes with forskolin (10 μM) increased intracellular cAMP levels and reduced TGF-β1-stimulated COL1A1, α-SMA, and TIMP-1 expression, with no change in PLOD2 expression. Forskolin also reduced TGF-β1-stimulated procollagen I and α-SMA content as well as synoviocyte migration and proliferation. Forskolin (10 μM) increased HA secretion and PRG4 expression and production. A cell-permeant cAMP analog reduced COL1A1 and α-SMA expression and enhanced HA and PRG4 secretion by OA synoviocytes. HA and PRG4 reduced α-SMA expression and content, and PRG4 reduced COL1A1 expression and procollagen I content in OA synoviocytes. Prg4-/- synovium exhibited increased α-SMA, COL1A1, and TIMP-1 expression compared with Prg4+/+ synovium. Prg4-/- synoviocytes demonstrated strong α-SMA and collagen type I staining, whereas these were undetected in Prg4+/+ synoviocytes and were reduced with PRG4 treatment. We conclude that increasing intracellular cAMP levels in synoviocytes mitigates synovial fibrosis through enhanced production of HA and PRG4, possibly representing a novel approach for treatment of OA synovial fibrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marwa M Qadri
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University , Irvine, California
| | - Gregory D Jay
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, Rhode Island.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Brown University , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Rennolds S Ostrom
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University , Irvine, California
| | - Ling X Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital , Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Khaled A Elsaid
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Chapman University , Irvine, California
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Audo R, Deckert V, Daien CI, Che H, Elhmioui J, Lemaire S, Pais de Barros JP, Desrumaux C, Combe B, Hahne M, Lagrost L, Morel J. PhosphoLipid transfer protein (PLTP) exerts a direct pro-inflammatory effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblasts-like-synoviocytes (FLS) independently of its lipid transfer activity. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0193815. [PMID: 29565987 PMCID: PMC5863966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 02/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory rheumatic disease with modification of lipids profile and an increased risk of cardiovascular events related to inflammation. Plasma phospholipid transfer protein (PLTP) exerts a lipid transfer activity through its active form. PLTP can also bind to receptors such as ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1). In addition to its role in lipoprotein metabolism and atherosclerosis, the latest advances came in support of a complex role of PLTP in the regulation of the inflammatory response, both with pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of the present study was to decipher the role of PLTP in joint inflammation and to assess its relevance in the context of RA. PLTP expression was examined by western-blot and by immunochemistry. ABCA1 expression was analyzed by flow cytometry. Lipid transfer activity of PLTP and pro-inflammatory cytokines were measured in sera and synovial fluid (SF) from RA patients and controls (healthy subjects or osteoarthritis patients [OA]). FLS were treated with both lipid-transfer active form and inactive form of recombinant human PLTP. IL-8, IL-6, VEGF and MMP3 produced by FLS were assessed by ELISA, and proliferation by measuring 3H-Thymidine incorporation. RA synovial tissues showed higher PLTP staining than OA and PLTP protein levels were also significantly higher in RA-FLS. In addition, RA, unlike OA patients, displayed elevated levels of PLTP activity in SF, which correlated with pro-inflammatory cytokines. Both lipid-transfer active and inactive forms of PLTP significantly increased the production of cytokines and proliferation of FLS. ABCA1 was expressed on RAFLS and PLTP activated STAT3 pathway. To conclude, PLTP is highly expressed in the joints of RA patients and may directly trigger inflammation and FLS proliferation, independently of its lipid transfer activity. These results suggest a pro-inflammatory role for PLTP in RA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Audo
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University and Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (RA); (JM)
| | - Valérie Deckert
- LNC Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer, INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Claire I. Daien
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University and Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Che
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University and Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
| | - Jamila Elhmioui
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
| | - Stéphanie Lemaire
- LNC Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer, INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Jean-Paul Pais de Barros
- LNC Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer, INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Catherine Desrumaux
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- INSERM U1198, (MMDN), EiAlz Team, University Montpellier 2, EPHE, Montpellier, France
| | - Bernard Combe
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University and Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
| | - Michael Hahne
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
| | - Laurent Lagrost
- LNC Lipids, Nutrition and Cancer, INSERM UMR1231, Dijon, France
- University Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Dijon, France
- LipSTIC LabEx, Fondation de Coopération Scientifique Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
- University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France
| | - Jacques Morel
- Department of Rheumatology, Montpellier University and Lapeyronie Teaching Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Montpellier University, Montpellier, France
- Institut de Génétique Moléculaire de Montpellier (IGMM), CNRS, UMR5535, Montpellier, France
- * E-mail: (RA); (JM)
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Interleukin-1β affects the phospholipid biosynthesis of fibroblast-like synoviocytes from human osteoarthritic knee joints. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2017; 25:1890-1899. [PMID: 28736247 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Phospholipids (PLs), together with hyaluronan and lubricin, are involved in boundary lubrication within human articular joints. Levels of lubricants in synovial fluid (SF) have been found to be associated with the health status of the joint. However, the biosynthesis and release of PLs within human joints remains poorly understood. This study contributes to our understanding of the effects of cytokines on the biosynthesis of PLs using cultured fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) from human osteoarthritic knee joints. METHODS Cultured FLS were stimulated with IL-1β, TNFα, IL-6, or inhibitors of cell signaling pathways such as QNZ, SB203580 and SP600125 in the presence of stable isotope-labeled precursors of PLs. Lipids were extracted and quantified using electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS). RESULTS Our analyses provide for the first time a detailed overview of PL species being synthesized by FLS. IL-1β increased the biosynthesis of both phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and PE-based plasmalogens. We show here that the NF-κB, p38 MAPK and JNK signaling pathways are all involved in IL-1β-induced PL biosynthesis. IL-6 had no impact on PLs, whereas TNFα increased the biosynthesis of all PL classes. CONCLUSION The biosynthesis of various PLs is controlled by IL-1β and TNFα. Our detailed PL species analysis revealed that FLS can partly contribute to the elevated PL levels found in human osteoarthritis (OA) SF. IL-1β in particular stimulates PE and PE-based plasmalogens which can act as cell-protective antioxidants. These results suggest that during OA progression, FLS undergo alterations in their PL composition to adapt to the new diseased environment.
Collapse
|
43
|
Growth factors regulate phospholipid biosynthesis in human fibroblast-like synoviocytes obtained from osteoarthritic knees. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13469. [PMID: 29044208 PMCID: PMC5647370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-14004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Elevated levels of growth factors and phospholipids (PLs) have been found in osteoarthritic synovial fluid (SF), although the metabolic regulation of PLs is currently unknown. This study aimed to determine the effects of growth factors on the biosynthesis of PLs by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) obtained from human osteoarthritic knee joints. Electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry was applied to analyse the newly synthesized PLs. In the presence of stable isotope-labelled PL precursors, cultured FLS were treated with either transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, BMP-4, BMP-7 or insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) alone or in combination with specific inhibitors of cell signalling pathways. TGF-β1 and IGF-1 markedly stimulated the biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine (PC) before sphingomyelin (SM) and lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) species were stimulated. BMPs elaborated less pronounced effects. The BMPs tested have different potentials to induce the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and PE-based plasmalogens. Our study shows for the first time that TGF-β1 and IGF-1 substantially regulate the biosynthesis of PC, SM and LPC in human FLS. The functional consequences of elevated levels of PLs require additional study. The BMPs tested may be joint protective in that they upregulate PE-based plasmalogens that function as endogenous antioxidants against reactive oxygen species.
Collapse
|
44
|
Abstract
Stromal cells like synovial fibroblasts gained great interest over the years, since it has become clear that they strongly influence their environment and neighbouring cells. The current review describes the role of synovial fibroblasts as cells of the innate immune system and expands on their involvement in inflammation and cartilage destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Furthermore, epigenetic changes in RA synovial fibroblasts and studies that focused on the identification of different subsets of synovial fibroblasts are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Ospelt
- Department of Rheumatology, Center of Experimental Rheumatology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Danesh Mesgaran S, Gärtner MA, Wagener K, Drillich M, Ehling-Schulz M, Einspanier R, Gabler C. Different inflammatory responses of bovine oviductal epithelial cells in vitro to bacterial species with distinct pathogenicity characteristics and passage number. Theriogenology 2017; 106:237-246. [PMID: 29096271 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 09/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The bovine oviduct provides the site for fertilization and early embryonic development. Modifications to this physiological environment, for instance the presence of pathogenic bacterial species, could diminish reproductive success at early stages of pregnancy. The aim of this study was to elucidate the inflammatory responses of bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC) to a pathogenic bacterial species (Trueperella pyogenes) and a potentially pathogenic bacterium (Bacillus pumilus). BOEC from four healthy animals were isolated, cultured in passage 0 (P0) and passaged until P3. Trypan blue staining determined BOEC viability during 24 h co-culture with different multiplicities of infection (MOI) of T. pyogenes (MOI 0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 1) or B. pumilus (MOI 1 and 10). BOEC remained viable when co-cultured with T. pyogenes at MOI 0.01 and with B. pumilus at MOI 1 and 10. Extracted total RNA from control and bacteria co-cultured samples was subjected to reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTq-PCR) to determine mRNA expression of various studied genes. The rate of release of interleukin 8 (IL8) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from BOEC was measured by ELISA after 24 h co-culture with bacteria. RT-qPCR of various selected pro-inflammatory factors revealed similar mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory factors in BOEC co-cultured with T. pyogenes and in the controls. Higher mRNA expression of IL 1A, -1B, tumor necrosis factor alpha and CXC ligand (CXCL) 1/2, -3, -5 and IL8 and PG synthesis enzymes in BOEC co-cultured with B. pumilus was observed. In the presence of B. pumilus a higher amount of IL8 and PGE2 was released from BOEC than from controls. The viability and pro-inflammatory response of P3 BOEC incubated with bacteria was lower than in P0 BOEC. These findings illustrate the pathogenicity of T. pyogenes towards BOEC in detail and the potential role of B. pumilus in generating inflammation in oviductal cells. Culturing conditions influenced the pro-inflammatory responses of BOEC towards bacteria. Therefore, researchers conducting epithelial-bacterial in vitro co-culture should not underestimate the effects of these parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Danesh Mesgaran
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - M A Gärtner
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - K Wagener
- University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria; Institute of Microbiology, Functional Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Drillich
- University Clinic for Ruminants, Clinical Unit for Herd Health Management in Ruminants, Department for Farm Animals and Veterinary Public Health, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - M Ehling-Schulz
- Institute of Microbiology, Functional Microbiology, Department for Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - C Gabler
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Challenges in endometriosis miRNA studies — From tissue heterogeneity to disease specific miRNAs. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2017; 1863:2282-2292. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2017.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Revised: 06/06/2017] [Accepted: 06/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
47
|
Pearson MJ, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Tariq MA, Nicholson TA, Philp AM, Smith HL, Davis ET, Jones SW, Lord JM. IL-6 secretion in osteoarthritis patients is mediated by chondrocyte-synovial fibroblast cross-talk and is enhanced by obesity. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3451. [PMID: 28615667 PMCID: PMC5471184 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03759-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that inflammation plays a central role in driving joint pathology in certain patients with osteoarthritis (OA). Since many patients with OA are obese and increased adiposity is associated with chronic inflammation, we investigated whether obese patients with hip OA exhibited differential pro-inflammatory cytokine signalling and peripheral and local lymphocyte populations, compared to normal weight hip OA patients. No differences in either peripheral blood or local lymphocyte populations were found between obese and normal-weight hip OA patients. However, synovial fibroblasts from obese OA patients were found to secrete greater amounts of the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-6, compared to those from normal-weight patients (p < 0.05), which reflected the greater levels of IL-6 detected in the synovial fluid of the obese OA patients. Investigation into the inflammatory mechanism demonstrated that IL-6 secretion from synovial fibroblasts was induced by chondrocyte-derived IL-6. Furthermore, this IL-6 inflammatory response, mediated by chondrocyte-synovial fibroblast cross-talk, was enhanced by the obesity-related adipokine leptin. This study suggests that obesity enhances the cross-talk between chondrocytes and synovial fibroblasts via raised levels of the pro-inflammatory adipokine leptin, leading to greater production of IL-6 in OA patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J Pearson
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | | | - Mohammad A Tariq
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Thomas A Nicholson
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Ashleigh M Philp
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Hannah L Smith
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Edward T Davis
- Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Bristol Road South, Birmingham, West Midlands, B31 2AP, UK
| | - Simon W Jones
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK
| | - Janet M Lord
- MRC-Arthritis Research UK Centre for Musculoskeletal Ageing Research, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, West Midlands, B15 2TT, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Aldarmahi A. Establishment and characterization of female reproductive tract epithelial cell culture. J Microsc Ultrastruct 2017; 5:105-110. [PMID: 30023243 PMCID: PMC6025759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmau.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 07/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The oviductal and uterine epithelial cells have a crucial role, but are still poorly understood. Numerous studies have tried to isolate the epithelial cells from different organs in various models. The current study aimed to establish and characterize an in vitro monolayer culture of the oviduct and uterine horn epithelial cells by using two different techniques. Female reproductive epithelial cells from sows were cultured in follicular phase. Combined protocols to isolate the epithelial cells were performed. The viability and cell number were determined. Monolayers of epithelial cells from each group were cultured in four-well plates and were subjected to immunostaining using a Vector ABC Elite Kit. The immunohistochemical staining step was performed to evaluate the quality of the epithelial cells. Oviductal cells reached confluence faster than uterine horn cells. Cilia were seen in oviduct and uterine horn tissue culture. All the isolated cells reached confluence prior to harvesting. The number of cells was increased over the time of incubation. Monolayer culture using the trypsin/EDTA method took longer than culture with the collagenase method. Immunohistochemistry of epithelial cells showed strong staining for cytokeratin. Oviductal and uterus epithelial cells were cultured and established. Both techniques used in this experiment were useful and showed no significant differences. This cell culture model has the potential to study the secretory interactions of the female reproductive tract with spermatozoa, oocytesor embryos.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Aldarmahi
- College of Science and Health Professions, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, National Guard Health Affairs, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Danesh Mesgaran S, Sharbati J, Einspanier R, Gabler C. mRNA expression pattern of selected candidate genes differs in bovine oviductal epithelial cells in vitro compared with the in vivo state and during cell culture passages. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2016; 14:44. [PMID: 27526775 PMCID: PMC4986246 DOI: 10.1186/s12958-016-0176-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The mammalian oviduct provides the optimal environment for gamete maturation including sperm capacitation, fertilization, and development of the early embryo. Various cell culture models for primary bovine oviductal epithelial cells (BOEC) were established to reveal such physiological events. The aim of this study was to evaluate 17 candidate mRNA expression patterns in oviductal epithelial cells (1) in transition from in vivo cells to in vitro cells; (2) during three consecutive cell culture passages; (3) affected by the impact of LOW or HIGH glucose content media; and (4) influenced by different phases of the estrous cycle in vivo and in vitro. In addition, the release of a metabolite and proteins from BOEC at two distinct cell culture passage numbers was estimated to monitor the functionality. METHODS BOEC from 8 animals were isolated and cultured for three consecutive passages. Total RNA was extracted from in vivo and in vitro samples and subjected to reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction to reveal mRNA expression of selected candidate genes. The release of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), oviduct-specific glycoprotein 1 (OVGP1) and interleukin 8 (IL8) by BOEC was measured by EIA or ELISA after 24 h. RESULTS Almost all candidate genes (prostaglandin synthases, enzymes of cellular metabolism and mucins) mRNA expression pattern differed compared in vivo with in vitro state. In addition, transcription of most candidate genes was influenced by the number of cell culture passages. Different glucose medium content did not affect mRNA expression of most candidate genes. The phase of the estrous cycle altered some candidate mRNA expression in BOEC in vitro at later passages. The release of PGE2 and OVGP1 between passages did not differ. However, BOEC in passage 3 released significantly higher amount of IL8 compared with cells in passage 0. CONCLUSION This study supports the hypothesis that candidate mRNA expression in BOEC was influenced by transition from the in vivo situation to the new in vitro environment and during consecutive passages. The consequence of cell culture passaging on BOEC ability to release bioactive compounds should be considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadjad Danesh Mesgaran
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jutta Sharbati
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Einspanier
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Gabler
- Institute of Veterinary Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Oertzenweg 19b, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Nadeem AED, Thomas P, Ulf ML, Elena N, Anggakusuma A, Mohamed BM, Frank P, Patrick B. Cell culture-derived HCV cannot infect synovial fibroblasts. Sci Rep 2015; 5:18043. [PMID: 26643193 PMCID: PMC4672287 DOI: 10.1038/srep18043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Worldwide 170 million individuals are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV), up to 45 million of whom are affected by arthropathy. It is unclear whether this is due to viral infection of synovial cells or immune-mediated mechanisms. We tested the capacity of primary synovial fibroblasts to support HCV propagation. Out of the four critical HCV receptors, only CD81 was expressed to any significant extent in OASF and RASF. Consistent with this, pseudotyped HCV particles were unable to infect these cells. Permissiveness for HCV replication was investigated by transfecting cells with a subgenomic replicon of HCV encoding a luciferase reporter. OASF and RASF did not support replication of HCV, possibly due to low expression levels of miR-122. In conclusion, primary human synovial fibroblasts are unable to support propagation of HCV in vitro. HCV-related arthropathy is unlikely due to direct infection of these cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abd-Elshafy D Nadeem
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Water Pollution Research Department, Environmental Sciences Research Division, National research center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Pietschmann Thomas
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute of Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany
| | - Müller-Ladner Ulf
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kerckhoff Klinik, GmbH, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Neumann Elena
- Department of Internal Medicine and Rheumatology, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Kerckhoff Klinik, GmbH, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - A Anggakusuma
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute of Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bahgat M Mohamed
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Therapeutic Chemistry Department, Pharmaceutical Industries Research Division, National research center, Cairo, Egypt.,Immunology and lnfectious Diseases Laboratory, Therapeutic Chemistry Department, the National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Pessler Frank
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute for Experimental Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Behrendt Patrick
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research, Institute of Experimental Virology, Hannover, Germany.,German Centre for Infection Research, Hannover, Germany.,Department for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Medical School Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| |
Collapse
|