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Galvin JW, Milam RJ, Patterson BM, Nepola JV, Buckwalter JA, Wolf BR, Say FM, Free KE, Yohannes E. Periostin Is a Biomarker for Anterior Shoulder Instability: Proteomic Analysis of Synovial Fluid. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:1719-1727. [PMID: 38702960 DOI: 10.1177/03635465241246258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incremental biological changes in the synovial microenvironment of the shoulder in acute and chronic instability that may contribute to joint degeneration are poorly understood. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid in patients with shoulder instability may improve our understanding of proteins that are shed into shoulder synovial fluid after an injury. HYPOTHESIS Injury-specific factors such as the direction of instability and the severity of glenoid and humeral bone loss are associated with the proteome of synovial fluid in patients with shoulder instability. STUDY DESIGN Descriptive laboratory study. METHODS Synovial fluid lavage samples were compared between patients with anterior (n = 12) and posterior (n = 8) instability and those without instability (n = 5). Synovial proteins were identified with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Orthogonal validation of protein targets found to be significant on tandem mass spectrometry was performed in a separate set of prospective patients with Western blotting. Data were processed and analyzed, and P values were adjusted with the Benjamini-Hochberg method for multiple comparisons. RESULTS A total of 25 patients were included. Tandem mass spectrometry identified 720 protein groups in synovial fluid of patients with shoulder instability. There were 4 synovial proteins that were significantly expressed in patients with anterior instability relative to posterior instability: periostin (POSTN) (adjusted P value = .03; log fold change [logFc] = 4.7), transforming growth factor beta-induced protein ig-h3 (adjusted P value = .05; logFc = 1.7), collagen type VI alpha-3 chain (adjusted P value = .04; logFc = 2.6), and coagulation factor V (adjusted P value = .04; logFc = -3.3). Among these targets, POSTN showed a moderate correlation with the Hill-Sachs lesion size (r = 0.7). Prospective validation with Western blotting confirmed a significantly higher level of POSTN in synovial fluid of patients with anterior instability (P = .00025; logFc = 5.1). CONCLUSION Proteomic analysis enriched our understanding of proteins that were secreted into shoulder synovial fluid of patients with shoulder instability. The identification of POSTN, a proinflammatory catabolic protein involved with tissue remodeling and repair, as a significant target in anterior shoulder instability is a novel finding. Therefore, further study is warranted to determine the role that POSTN may play in the progression of bone loss and posttraumatic osteoarthritis. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid in patients with shoulder instability improved our understanding of this abnormality after an injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph W Galvin
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Rachel J Milam
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Brendan M Patterson
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - James V Nepola
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Joseph A Buckwalter
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
- Department of Surgery, Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Brian R Wolf
- Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Felicity M Say
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Katherine E Free
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA
| | - Elizabeth Yohannes
- Department of Clinical Investigation, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Washington, USA
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Clarke E, Varela L, Jenkins RE, Lozano-Andrés E, Cywińska A, Przewozny M, van Weeren PR, van de Lest CH, Peffers M, Wauben MH. Proteome and phospholipidome interrelationship of synovial fluid-derived extracellular vesicles in equine osteoarthritis: An exploratory 'multi-omics' study to identify composite biomarkers. Biochem Biophys Rep 2024; 37:101635. [PMID: 38298208 PMCID: PMC10828605 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2023.101635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis causes progressive joint deterioration, severe morbidity, and reduced mobility in both humans and horses. Currently, osteoarthritis is diagnosed at late stages through clinical examination and radiographic imaging, hence it is challenging to address and provide timely therapeutic interventions to slow disease progression or ameliorate symptoms. Extracellular vesicles are cell-derived vesicles that play a key role in cell-to-cell communication and are potential sources for specific composite biomarker panel discovery. We here used a multi-omics strategy combining proteomics and phospholipidomics in an integral approach to identify composite biomarkers associated to purified extracellular vesicles from synovial fluid of healthy, mildly and severely osteoarthritic equine joints. Although the number of extracellular vesicles was unaffected by osteoarthritis, proteome profiling of extracellular vesicles by mass spectrometry identified 40 differentially expressed proteins (non-adjusted p < 0.05) in osteoarthritic joints associated with 7 significant canonical pathways in osteoarthritis. Moreover, pathway analysis unveiled changes in disease and molecular functions during osteoarthritis development. Phospholipidome profiling by mass spectrometry showed a relative increase in sphingomyelin and a decrease in phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine in extracellular vesicles derived from osteoarthritic joints compared to healthy joints. Unsupervised data integration revealed positive correlations between the proteome and the phospholipidome. Comprehensive analysis showed that some phospholipids and their related proteins increased as the severity of osteoarthritis progressed, while others decreased or remained stable. Altogether our data show interrelationships between synovial fluid extracellular vesicle-associated phospholipids and proteins responding to osteoarthritis pathology and which could be explored as potential composite diagnostic biomarkers of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Clarke
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Laura Varela
- Division Equine Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Rosalind E. Jenkins
- Centre for Drug Safety Science Bioanalytical Facility, Liverpool Shared Research Facilities, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Estefanía Lozano-Andrés
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division of Infectious Diseases & Immunology, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Anna Cywińska
- Faculty of Biological and Veterinary Sciences, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | | | - P. René van Weeren
- Division Equine Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Chris H.A. van de Lest
- Division Equine Sciences, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Mandy Peffers
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology and Ageing Science, Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marca H.M. Wauben
- Division Cell Biology, Metabolism & Cancer, Department of Biomolecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, the Netherlands
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Rocchetti MT, Bizzoca D, Moretti L, Ragni E, Moretti FL, Vicenti G, Solarino G, Rizzello A, Petruzzella V, Palese LL, Scacco S, Banfi G, Moretti B, Gnoni A. A Gel-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Synovial α-Enolase and Fibrinogen β-Chain Dysregulation in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Controlled Trial. J Pers Med 2023; 13:916. [PMID: 37373906 PMCID: PMC10305339 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of synovial fluid (SF) biomarkers that could anticipate the diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) is gaining increasing importance in orthopaedic clinical practice. This controlled trial aims to assess the differences between the SF proteome of patients affected by severe OA undergoing Total Knee Replacement (TKR) compared to control subjects (i.e., subjects younger than 35, undergoing knee arthroscopy for acute meniscus injury). METHODS The synovial samples were collected from patients with Kellgren Lawrence grade 3 and 4 knee osteoarthritis undergoing THR (study group) and young patients with meniscal tears and no OA signs undergoing arthroscopic surgery (control group). The samples were processed and analyzed following the protocol defined in our previous study. All of the patients underwent clinical evaluation using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee evaluation (main outcome), Knee Society Clinical Rating System (KSS), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. The drugs' assumptions and comorbidities were recorded. All patients underwent preoperative serial blood tests, including complete blood count and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). RESULTS The synovial samples' analysis showed a significantly different fibrinogen beta chain (FBG) and alpha-enolase 1 (ENO1) concentration in OA compared to the control samples. A significant correlation between clinical scores, FBG, and ENO1 concentration was observed in osteoarthritic patients. CONCLUSIONS Synovial fluid FBG and ENO1 concentrations are significantly different in patients affected by knee OA compared with non-OA subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Bizzoca
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
- PhD Course in Public Health, Clinical Medicine and Oncology, DiMePre-J, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Luca Moretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
- National Centre for Chemicals, Cosmetic Products and Consumer Protection, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vicenti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Solarino
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzello
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Petruzzella
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Leonardo Palese
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Scacco
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Biagio Moretti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Gnoni
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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Aleem AW, Rai MF, Cai L, Brophy RH. Gene Expression in Glenoid Articular Cartilage Varies Across Acute Instability, Chronic Instability, and Osteoarthritis. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2023:00004623-990000000-00776. [PMID: 37011069 DOI: 10.2106/jbjs.22.01124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Shoulder instability is a common pathology associated with an elevated risk of osteoarthritis (OA). Little is known about gene expression in the cartilage of the glenohumeral joint after dislocation events, particularly as it relates to the risk of posttraumatic OA. This study tested the hypothesis that gene expression in glenoid cartilage varies among acute instability (<3 dislocations), chronic instability (≥3 dislocations), and OA. METHODS Articular cartilage was collected from the anteroinferior glenoid of consenting patients undergoing shoulder stabilization surgery (n = 17) or total shoulder arthroplasty (n = 16). Digital quantitative polymerase chain reaction was used to assess the relative expression of 57 genes (36 genes from OA risk allele studies, 21 genes from differential expression studies), comparing (1) OA versus instability (acute and chronic combined), (2) acute versus chronic instability, (3) OA versus acute instability, and (4) OA versus chronic instability. RESULTS The expression of 11 genes from OA risk allele studies and 9 genes from differential expression studies was significantly different between cartilage from patients with instability and those with OA. Pro-inflammatory genes from differential expression studies and genes from OA risk allele studies were more highly expressed in cartilage in the OA group compared with the instability group, which expressed higher levels of extracellular matrix and pro-anabolic genes. The expression of 14 genes from OA risk allele studies and 4 genes from differential expression studies, including pro-inflammatory genes, anti-anabolic genes, and multiple genes from OA risk allele studies, was higher in the acute instability group compared with the chronic instability group. Cartilage in the OA group displayed higher expression of CCL3, CHST11, GPR22, PRKAR2B, and PTGS2 than cartilage in the group with acute or chronic instability. Whereas cartilage in both the acute and chronic instability groups had higher expression of collagen genes, cartilage in the OA group had expression of a subset of genes from OA risk allele studies or from differential expression studies that was lower than in the acute group and higher than in the chronic group. CONCLUSIONS Glenoid cartilage has an inflammatory and catabolic phenotype in shoulders with OA but an anabolic phenotype in shoulders with instability. Cartilage from shoulders with acute instability displayed greater (cellular) metabolic activity compared with shoulders with chronic instability. CLINICAL RELEVANCE This exploratory study identified genes of interest, such as CCL3, CHST11, GPR22, PRKAR2B, and PTGS2, that have elevated expression in osteoarthritic glenoid cartilage. These findings provide new biological insight into the relationship between shoulder instability and OA, which could lead to strategies to predict and potentially modify patients' risk of degenerative arthritis due to shoulder instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Aleem
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Muhammad Farooq Rai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
- Department of Cell Biology & Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Lei Cai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Robert H Brophy
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri
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Thulson E, Davis ES, D’Costa S, Coryell PR, Kramer NE, Mohlke KL, Loeser RF, Diekman BO, Phanstiel DH. 3D chromatin structure in chondrocytes identifies putative osteoarthritis risk genes. Genetics 2022; 222:iyac141. [PMID: 36099032 PMCID: PMC9713432 DOI: 10.1093/genetics/iyac141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies have identified over 100 loci associated with osteoarthritis risk, but the majority of osteoarthritis risk variants are noncoding, making it difficult to identify the impacted genes for further study and therapeutic development. To address this need, we used a multiomic approach and genome editing to identify and functionally characterize potential osteoarthritis risk genes. Computational analysis of genome-wide association studies and ChIP-seq data revealed that chondrocyte regulatory loci are enriched for osteoarthritis risk variants. We constructed a chondrocyte-specific regulatory network by mapping 3D chromatin structure and active enhancers in human chondrocytes. We then intersected these data with our previously collected RNA-seq dataset of chondrocytes responding to fibronectin fragment, a known osteoarthritis trigger. Integration of the 3 genomic datasets with recently reported osteoarthritis genome-wide association study variants revealed a refined set of putative causal osteoarthritis variants and their potential target genes. One of the putative target genes identified was SOCS2, which was connected to a putative causal variant by a 170-kb loop and is differentially regulated in response to fibronectin fragment. CRISPR-Cas9-mediated deletion of SOCS2 in primary human chondrocytes from 3 independent donors led to heightened expression of inflammatory markers after fibronectin fragment treatment. These data suggest that SOCS2 plays a role in resolving inflammation in response to cartilage matrix damage and provides a possible mechanistic explanation for its influence on osteoarthritis risk. In total, we identified 56 unique putative osteoarthritis risk genes for further research and potential therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Thulson
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Eric S Davis
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Susan D’Costa
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Philip R Coryell
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Nicole E Kramer
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Richard F Loeser
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Brian O Diekman
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Carolina and North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Douglas H Phanstiel
- Curriculum in Genetics and Molecular Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Curriculum in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Thurston Arthritis Research Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
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Talian I, Laputková G, Schwartzová V. Identification of crucial salivary proteins/genes and pathways involved in pathogenesis of temporomandibular disorders. OPEN CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1515/chem-2022-0249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) is a collective term for a group of conditions that lead to impairment of the function of the temporomandibular joint. The proteins/genes and signaling pathways associated with TMD are still poorly understood. The aim of this study was to identify key differentially expressed salivary proteins/genes (DEGs) associated with TMD progression using LC-MS/MS coupled with a bioinformatics approach. The protein–protein interaction network was obtained from the STRING database and the hub genes were identified using Cytoscape including cytoHubba and MCODE plug-ins. In addition, enrichment of gene ontology functions and the Reactome signaling pathway was performed. A total of 140 proteins/genes were differentially expressed. From cluster analysis, a set of 20 hub genes were significantly modulated: ALB, APOA1, B2M, C3, CAT, CLU, CTSD, ENO1, GSN, HBB, HP, HSPA8, LTF, LYZ, MMP9, S100A9, SERPINA1, TF, TPI1, and TXN. Two enriched signaling pathways, glycolysis and gluconeogenesis, and tryptophan signaling pathway involving the hub genes CAT, ENO1, and TPI1 have been identified. The rest of the hub genes were mainly enriched in the innate immune system and antimicrobial peptides signaling pathways. In summary, hub DEGs and the signaling pathways identified here have elucidated the molecular mechanisms of TMD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Talian
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik , Košice , 040 11 , Slovak Republic
| | - Galina Laputková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik , Košice , 040 11 , Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimíra Schwartzová
- Clinic of Stomatology and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of P. J. Šafárik and Louis Pasteur University Hospital , Košice , 041 90 , Slovak Republic
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The Usefulness of Synovial Fluid Proteome Analysis in Orthopaedics: Focus on Osteoarthritis and Periprosthetic Joint Infections. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2022; 7:jfmk7040097. [PMID: 36412759 PMCID: PMC9680387 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk7040097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial fluid (SF) is a viscous and mucinous substance produced by the synovium, a specialized connective tissue that lines diarthrodial joints. SF represents a source of disease-related proteins that could be used as potential biomarkers in several articular diseases. Based on these findings the study of SF has been gaining increasing importance, in recent years. This review aims to summarize the usefulness of synovial fluid in orthopaedics research and clinical practice, mainly focusing on osteoarthritis (OA) and periprosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Proteomics of the SF has shown the up-regulation of several components of the classic complement pathway in OA samples, including C1, C2, C3, C4A, C4B, C5, and C4 C4BPA, thus depicting that complement is involved in the pathogenesis of OA. Moreover, proteomics has demonstrated that some pro-inflammatory cytokines, namely IL-6, IL-8, and IL-18, have a role in OA. Several SF proteins have been studied to improve the diagnosis of PJIs, including alpha-defensin (Alpha-D), leukocyte esterase (LE), c-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), calprotectin and presepsin. The limits and potentials of these SF biomarkers will be discussed.
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Tardif G, Paré F, Gotti C, Roux-Dalvai F, Droit A, Zhai G, Sun G, Fahmi H, Pelletier JP, Martel-Pelletier J. Mass spectrometry-based proteomics identify novel serum osteoarthritis biomarkers. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24:120. [PMID: 35606786 PMCID: PMC9125906 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-022-02801-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoarthritis (OA) is a slowly developing and debilitating disease, and there are no validated specific biomarkers for its early detection. To improve therapeutic approaches, identification of specific molecules/biomarkers enabling early determination of this disease is needed. This study aimed at identifying, with the use of proteomics/mass spectrometry, novel OA-specific serum biomarkers. As obesity is a major risk factor for OA, we discriminated obesity-regulated proteins to target only OA-specific proteins as biomarkers. Methods Serum from the Osteoarthritis Initiative cohort was used and divided into 3 groups: controls (n=8), OA-obese (n=10) and OA-non-obese (n=10). Proteins were identified and quantified from the liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry analyses using MaxQuant software. Statistical analysis used the Limma test followed by the Benjamini-Hochberg method. To compare the proteomic profiles, the multivariate unsupervised principal component analysis (PCA) followed by the pairwise comparison was used. To select the most predictive/discriminative features, the supervised linear classification model sparse partial least squares regression discriminant analysis (sPLS-DA) was employed. Validation of three differential proteins was performed with protein-specific assays using plasma from a cohort derived from the Newfoundland Osteoarthritis. Results In total, 509 proteins were identified, and 279 proteins were quantified. PCA-pairwise differential comparisons between the 3 groups revealed that 8 proteins were differentially regulated between the OA-obese and/or OA-non-obese with controls. Further experiments using the sPLS-DA revealed two components discriminating OA from controls (component 1, 9 proteins), and OA-obese from OA-non-obese (component 2, 23 proteins). Proteins from component 2 were considered related to obesity. In component 1, compared to controls, 7 proteins were significantly upregulated by both OA groups and 2 by the OA-obese. Among upregulated proteins from both OA groups, some of them alone would not be a suitable choice as specific OA biomarkers due to their rather non-specific role or their strong link to other pathological conditions. Altogether, data revealed that the protein CRTAC1 appears to be a strong OA biomarker candidate. Other potential new biomarker candidates are the proteins FBN1, VDBP, and possibly SERPINF1. Validation experiments revealed statistical differences between controls and OA for FBN1 (p=0.044) and VDPB (p=0.022), and a trend for SERPINF1 (p=0.064). Conclusion Our study suggests that 4 proteins, CRTAC1, FBN1, VDBP, and possibly SERPINF1, warrant further investigation as potential new biomarker candidates for the whole OA population. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13075-022-02801-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ginette Tardif
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Frédéric Paré
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Clarisse Gotti
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | | | - Arnaud Droit
- CHU de Québec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, QC, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Guangju Zhai
- Division of Biomedical Sciences (Genetics), Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Guang Sun
- Discipline of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada
| | - Hassan Fahmi
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada
| | - Johanne Martel-Pelletier
- Osteoarthritis Research Unit, University of Montreal Hospital Research Centre (CRCHUM), 900 Saint-Denis, Suite R11.412B, Montreal, QC, H2X 0A9, Canada.
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Syed Sulaiman SZ, Tan WM, Radzi R, Shafie INF, Ajat M, Mansor R, Mohamed S, Rahmad N, Ng AMH, Lau SF. Synovial fluid proteome profile of surgical versus chemical induced osteoarthritis in rabbits. PeerJ 2022; 10:e12897. [PMID: 35228907 PMCID: PMC8881915 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Animal models are significant for understanding human osteoarthritis (OA). This study compared the synovial fluid proteomics changes in surgical and chemical induced OA models. METHODS Thirty rabbits either had anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) procedure or injected intra-articularly with monosodium iodoacetate (MIA, 8 mg) into the right knee. The joints were anatomically assessed, and the synovial fluid proteins analyzed using two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2DGE) and MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry analysis at 4, 8 and 12 weeks. The proteins' upregulation and downregulation were compared with control healthy knees. RESULTS Seven proteins (histidine-rich glycoprotein, beta-actin-like protein 2 isoform X1, retinol-binding protein-4, alpha-1-antiproteinase, gelsolin isoform, serotransferrin, immunoglobulin kappa-b4 chain-C-region) were significantly expressed by the surgical induction. They characterized cellular process (27%), organization of cellular components or biogenesis (27%), localization (27%) and biological regulation (18%), which related to synovitis, increased cellularity, and subsequently cartilage damage. Three proteins (apolipoprotein I-IV precursor, serpin peptidase inhibitor and haptoglobin precursor) were significantly modified by the chemical induction. They characterized stimulus responses (23%), immune responses (15%), biological regulations (15%), metabolism (15%), organization of cellular components or biogenesis (8%), cellular process (8%), biological adhesions (8%) and localization (8%), which related to chondrocytes glycolysis/death, neovascularization, subchondral bone necrosis/collapse and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS The surgical induced OA model showed a wider range of protein changes, which were most upregulated at week 12. The biological process proteins expressions showed the chemical induced joints had slower OA progression compared to surgical induced joints. The chemical induced OA joints showed early inflammatory changes, which later decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Wei Miao Tan
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rozanaliza Radzi
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Intan Nur Fatiha Shafie
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Mokrish Ajat
- Department of Veterinary Preclinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Rozaihan Mansor
- Department of Farm and Exotic Animals Medicine and Surgery, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Suhaila Mohamed
- Laboratory of Cancer Research UPM-MAKNA (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | | | - Angela Min Hwei Ng
- Tissue Engineering Centre, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Seng Fong Lau
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia,Laboratory of Cancer Research UPM-MAKNA (CANRES), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
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10
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Papathanasiou I, Anastasopoulou L, Tsezou A. Cholesterol metabolism related genes in osteoarthritis. Bone 2021; 152:116076. [PMID: 34174501 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2021.116076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol homeostasis plays a significant role in skeletal development and the dysregulation of cholesterol-related mechanism has been shown to be involved in the development of cartilage diseases including osteoarthritis (OA). Epidemiological studies have shown an association between elevated serum cholesterol levels and OA. Furthermore, abnormal lipid accumulation in chondrocytes as a result of abnormal regulation of cholesterol homeostasis has been demonstrated to be involved in the development of OA. Although, many in vivo and in vitro studies support the connection between cholesterol and cartilage degradation, the mechanisms underlying the complex interactions between lipid metabolism, especially HDL cholesterol metabolism, and OA remain unclear. The current review aims to address this problem and focuses on key molecular players of the HDL metabolism pathway and their role in ΟΑ pathogenesis. Understanding the complexity of biological processes implicated in OA pathogenesis, such as cholesterol metabolism, may lead to new targets for drug therapy of OA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioanna Papathanasiou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece; Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece
| | - Lydia Anastasopoulou
- Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Aspasia Tsezou
- Department of Biology, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece; Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Genetics, University of Thessaly, Faculty of Medicine, Larisa, Greece.
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11
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Serpins in cartilage and osteoarthritis: what do we know? Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 49:1013-1026. [PMID: 33843993 PMCID: PMC8106492 DOI: 10.1042/bst20201231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Serpins (serine proteinase inhibitors) are an ancient superfamily of structurally similar proteins, the majority of which use an elegant suicide inhibition mechanism to target serine proteinases. Despite likely evolving from a single common ancestor, the 36 human serpins have established roles regulating diverse biological processes, such as blood coagulation, embryonic development and extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover. Genetic mutations in serpin genes underpin a host of monogenic disorders — collectively termed the ‘serpinopathies’ — but serpin dysregulation has also been shown to drive pathological mechanisms in many common diseases. Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disorder, characterised by the progressive destruction of articular cartilage. This breakdown of the cartilage is driven by the metalloproteinases, and it has long been established that an imbalance of metalloproteinases to their inhibitors is of critical importance. More recently, a role for serine proteinases in cartilage destruction is emerging; including the activation of latent matrix metalloproteinases and cell-surface receptors, or direct proteolysis of the ECM. Serpins likely regulate these processes, as well as having roles beyond serine proteinase inhibition. Indeed, serpins are routinely observed to be highly modulated in osteoarthritic tissues and fluids by ‘omic analysis, but despite this, they are largely ignored. Confusing nomenclature and an underappreciation for the role of serine proteinases in osteoarthritis (OA) being the likely causes. In this narrative review, serpin structure, biochemistry and nomenclature are introduced, and for the first time, their putative importance in maintaining joint tissues — as well as their dysregulation in OA — are explored.
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12
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Farfaras S, Roshani L, Mulder J, Mitsios N, Hallström EK, Kartus JT. Increased levels of inflammatory markers in the subscapularis tendon and joint capsule in patients with subacromial impingement. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2021; 29:2228-2236. [PMID: 32356046 PMCID: PMC8225532 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-020-05992-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze biopsy samples from the subscapularis tendon and from the joint capsule from male patients with subacromial impingement syndrome and compare them with samples from male patients with post-traumatic recurrent shoulder instability, to detect increased inflammatory activity that might be present inside the humeroscapular joint. METHODS Twenty male patients scheduled for surgery for either subacromial decompression or Bankart reconstruction were included. Four biopsies from each patient were obtained during surgery from the capsule and the subscapularis tendon. Each specimen was analyzed for TNF-α, IL-6, CD-3 and CD-72. Multiplex fluorescence immunohistochemistry was performed on histological samples from the capsule and tendon to demonstrate the level of inflammatory markers. Fluorescence microscope images were acquired using an automated scanning system. On each slide, the number of pixels was registered and used in the analyses. RESULTS The subacromial impingement syndrome group comprised eight patients, median age 53 (45-74) years, while the instability group 12, median age 27 (22-48) years (p < 0.00001). The amount of IL-6 and TNF-α was significantly higher in the subscapularis tendon of the patients with subacromial impingement syndrome compared with instability patients (p = 0.0015 and p = 0.0008 respectively). In the capsular samples, significantly higher amount of TNF-α and CD-72 was found in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome compared with instability patients (p < 0.0001 for both). On the other hand, the amount of CD-3 was significantly higher in the instability group (p = 0.0013). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that an extended inflammatory process is present, not only in the subacromial bursa but also in the glenohumeral joint in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level III. CLINICAL RELEVANCE To develop a treatment targeted towards intra-articular inflammatory cytokines appears appealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanos Farfaras
- Department of Research and Development, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, 451 80, Uddevalla, Sweden. .,Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Leyla Roshani
- Department of Research and Development, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, 451 80 Uddevalla, Sweden
| | - Jan Mulder
- Department of Neurosciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nicholas Mitsios
- Department of Neurosciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Erling K. Hallström
- Department of Research and Development, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, 451 80 Uddevalla, Sweden ,Department of Orthopedics, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, Uddevalla, Sweden
| | - Jüri-Toomas Kartus
- Department of Research and Development, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, 451 80 Uddevalla, Sweden ,Department of Orthopedics, NU-Hospital Group Trollhättan/Uddevalla, Uddevalla, Sweden ,Department of Orthopedics, Institute of Clinical Science, Sahlgrenska Academy Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Folkesson E, Turkiewicz A, Ali N, Rydén M, Hughes H, Tjörnstrand J, Önnerfjord P, Englund M. Proteomic comparison of osteoarthritic and reference human menisci using data-independent acquisition mass spectrometry. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2020; 28:1092-1101. [PMID: 32407894 PMCID: PMC7397514 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Recent research in knee osteoarthritis (OA) highlights the role of the meniscus in OA pathology. Our aim was to compare the proteomes of medial and lateral menisci from end-stage medial compartment knee OA patients, with reference menisci from knee-healthy deceased donors, using mass spectrometry. DESIGN Tissue plugs of Ø3 mm were obtained from the posterior horns of the lateral and medial menisci from one knee of 10 knee-healthy deceased donors and 10 patients undergoing knee replacement. Proteins were extracted and prepared for mass spectrometric analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted on abundance data that was log2-transformed, using a linear mixed effects model and evaluated using pathway analysis. RESULTS We identified a total of 835 proteins in all samples, of which 331 were included in the statistical analysis. The largest differences could be seen between the medial menisci from OA patients and references, with most proteins showing higher intensities in the medial menisci from OA patients. Several matrix proteins, e.g., matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3) (4.3 times higher values [95%CI 1.8, 10.6]), TIMP1 (3.5 [1.4, 8.5]), asporin (4.1 [1.7, 10.0]) and versican (4.4 [1.8, 10.9]), all showed higher abundance in medial menisci from OA patients compared to medial reference menisci. OA medial menisci also showed increased activation of several pathways involved in inflammation. CONCLUSION An increase in protein abundance for proteins such as MMP and TIMP1 in the medial menisci from OA patients suggests simultaneous activation of both catabolic and anabolic processes that warrants further attention.
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Affiliation(s)
- E. Folkesson
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden,Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Lund, Sweden,Address correspondence and reprint requests to: E. Folkesson, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Lund University Molecular Skeletal Biology - BMC-C12, Klinikgatan 28, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.
| | - A. Turkiewicz
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - N. Ali
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Rydén
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - H.V. Hughes
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden
| | - J. Tjörnstrand
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden,Department of Orthopaedics, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - P. Önnerfjord
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Rheumatology and Molecular Skeletal Biology, Lund, Sweden
| | - M. Englund
- Lund University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Orthopaedics, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Lund, Sweden,Clinical Epidemiology Research and Training Unit, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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14
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Differential Secretome Profiling of Human Osteoarthritic Synoviocytes Treated with Biotechnological Unsulfated and Marine Sulfated Chondroitins. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21113746. [PMID: 32466468 PMCID: PMC7312545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21113746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Symptomatic slow-acting drugs (SYSADOA) are increasingly used as effective therapies for osteoarthritis, representing an attractive alternative to analgesics or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs to relieve disease symptoms. Pharmaceutical preparations of chondroitin sulfate, derived from animal sources, alone or in combination with glucosamine sulfate, are widely recognized for their beneficial effect on osteoarthritis treatment. A growing interest has also been devoted to understanding the molecular mechanisms modulated by SYSADOA using -omic strategies, most of which rely on chondrocytes as a model system. In this work, by using an integrated strategy based on unbiased proteomics and targeted cytokine profiling by a multiplexed protein array, we identified differences in the secretomes of human osteoarthritic synoviocytes in response to biotechnological unsulfated, and marine sulfated chondroitins treatments. The combined strategy allowed the identification of candidate proteins showing both common and distinct regulation responses to the two treatments of chondroitins. These molecules, mainly belonging to ECM proteins, enzymes, enzymatic inhibitors and cytokines, are potentially correlated to treatment outcomes. Overall, the present results provide an integrated overview of protein changes in human osteoarthritic synoviocytes secretome associated to different chondroitin treatments, thus improving current knowledge of the biochemical effects driven by these drugs potentially involved in pathways associated to osteoarthritis pathogenesis.
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15
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Shabestari M, Shabestari YR, Landin MA, Pepaj M, Cleland TP, Reseland JE, Eriksen EF. Altered protein levels in bone marrow lesions of hip osteoarthritis: Analysis by proteomics and multiplex immunoassays. Int J Rheum Dis 2020; 23:788-799. [PMID: 32383346 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.13843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM To assess tissue level changes of proteome and cytokine profiles of subchondral bone in hip osteoarthritis (OA) affected by bone marrow lesions (BMLs). We compared significant protein level differences in osteoarthritic bone with BMLs to control bone without bone marrow lesions. METHODS Subchondral bone biopsies were taken from femoral heads of end-stage osteoarthritis patients with (BML, n = 21) and without (CON, n = 9) BMLs. Proteins were extracted through a standardized Trizol protocol and used in the subsequent analyses. Angiogenesis and bone markers were assessed using multiplex immunoassays (Luminex). Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed to detect significant differences in proteome and peptide profiles between BML and CON. RESULTS Multiplex immunoassays revealed increased tissue contents of vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF-A/C/D), endothelin-1, angiopoietin-2 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in bone with BMLs compared to control bone, whereas osteoprotegerin levels were reduced. Mass spectrometry demonstrated pronounced increase in the levels of hemoglobin (73-fold), serum albumin (30-fold), alpha-1-antitrypsin (9-fold), apolipoprotein A1 (4.7-fold), pre-laminin-A/C (3.7-fold) and collagen-alpha1-XII (3-fold) in BMLs, while aggrecan core protein (ACAN) and hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 (HAPL1) decreased 37- and 29-fold respectively. CONCLUSION Reduced osteoprotegerin, ACAN and HAPL1 are consistent with osteoclastic activation and high remodeling activity in BMLs. The pronounced increase in angiogenesis markers, hemoglobin and serum albumin support the presence of increased vascularity in subchondral bone affected by BMLs in OA. VEGFs and IL-6 are known nociceptive modulators, and increased levels are in keeping with pain being a clinical feature frequently associated with BMLs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Maria A Landin
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milaim Pepaj
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Erik F Eriksen
- Department of Endocrinology, Oslo University Hospital (Aker), Oslo, Norway.,Faculty of Medicine, Institue of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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16
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Leblebicioglu B, Alssum L, Eubank TD, Yildiz VO, Tatakis DN. Wound Fluid Cytokine Profile Following Bone Regeneration Procedures. J ORAL IMPLANTOL 2020; 46:107-113. [PMID: 31909694 DOI: 10.1563/aaid-joi-d-19-00061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Clinical parameters available to evaluate early healing phases of bone regeneration procedures are limited. This study explores wound fluid (WF) content for molecular markers to differentiate wound healing responses in the early postoperative period after bone graft placement. Fifteen patients (50 ± 5 years old; 8 men) scheduled to receive tooth extraction and bone graft placement at maxillary nonmolar single-tooth sites were recruited. Primary wound closure was not intended at time of surgery. Gingival crevicular fluid from adjacent teeth or WF from surgical wound edges were collected (30 seconds) at baseline, at 3, 6, and 9 days, and at 1 and 4 months. Multiplex protein assay was used to determine concentration of various wound healing mediators. Immediately after surgery, 87% of surgical sites exhibited open wound. At day 9, mean wound exposure was 4.8 ± 0.4 mm. At 1 month, all wounds were clinically closed. The WF tripled in volume at day 3 and day 6 (P ≤ .05), compared with baseline gingival crevicular fluid, and gradually decreased as wounds closed. The WF concentrations of interleukin (IL)-6, placental growth factor, plasminogen activator inhibitor 1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein 1, and soluble cluster determinant 40 ligand were increased during early healing days, generally with peak concentration at day 6 (P ≤ .004). Conversely, WF concentrations of IL-18 and epidermal growth factor were decreased after surgery, generally not reaching baseline values until wound closure (P ≤ .008). In general, WF cytokine expression kinetics were concordant with wound closure dynamics (P ≤ .04). These results suggest that WF molecular markers such as IL-6, and to a lesser extent placental growth factor and IL-18, might help differentiate wound healing responses after bone regeneration procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binnaz Leblebicioglu
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Lamees Alssum
- Department of Periodontics & Community Dentistry, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Saudi Arabia; previously with The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Timothy D Eubank
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, Mogantown, WV
| | - Vedat O Yildiz
- Center for Biostatistics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dimitris N Tatakis
- Division of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
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17
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Wall KC, Politzer CS, Chahla J, Garrigues GE. Obesity is Associated with an Increased Prevalence of Glenohumeral Osteoarthritis and Arthroplasty: A Cohort Study. Orthop Clin North Am 2020; 51:259-264. [PMID: 32138863 DOI: 10.1016/j.ocl.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between obesity and glenohumeral osteoarthritis is relatively understudied. The purpose of this study was to better define this relationship by age- and gender-matching 596,874 patients across six body mass index (BMI) cohorts and determining the prevalence of glenohumeral osteoarthritis and the standardized rate of glenohumeral arthroplasty in each cohort. Individuals with a BMI over 24 were found to be at increased odds for developing glenohumeral osteoarthritis, compared to the normal BMI cohort, and individuals with a BMI over 30 were additionally found to be at increased odds for undergoing glenohumeral arthroplasty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin C Wall
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1313 13th Street South, Birmingham, AL 35205, USA.
| | - Cary S Politzer
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Diego, 4150 Regents Park Row, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Jorge Chahla
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Grant E Garrigues
- Midwest Orthopaedics at Rush, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 West Harrison Street, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. https://twitter.com/grant_garrigues
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18
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Zheng Y, Yang J, Liang J, Xu X, Cui W, Deng L, Zhang H. Bioinspired Hyaluronic Acid/Phosphorylcholine Polymer with Enhanced Lubrication and Anti-Inflammation. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:4135-4142. [PMID: 31609601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiwei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jielai Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Xiangyang Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Wenguo Cui
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Lianfu Deng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Bone and Joint Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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19
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Estell EG, Silverstein AM, Stefani RM, Lee AJ, Murphy LA, Shah RP, Ateshian GA, Hung CT. Cartilage Wear Particles Induce an Inflammatory Response Similar to Cytokines in Human Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. J Orthop Res 2019; 37:1979-1987. [PMID: 31062877 PMCID: PMC6834361 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The synovium plays a key role in the development of osteoarthritis, as evidenced by pathological changes to the tissue observed in both early and late stages of the disease. One such change is the attachment of cartilage wear particles to the synovial intima. While this phenomenon has been well observed clinically, little is known of the biological effects that such particles have on resident cells in the synovium. The present work investigates the hypothesis that cartilage wear particles elicit a pro-inflammatory response in diseased and healthy human fibroblast-like synoviocytes, like that induced by key cytokines in osteoarthritis. Fibroblast-like synoviocytes from 15 osteoarthritic human donors and a subset of three non-osteoarthritic donors were exposed to cartilage wear particles, interleukin-1α or tumor necrosis factor-α for 6 days and analyzed for proliferation, matrix production, and release of pro-inflammatory mediators and degradative enzymes. Wear particles significantly increased proliferation and release of nitric oxide, interleukin-6 and -8, and matrix metalloproteinase-9, -10, and -13 in osteoarthritic synoviocytes, mirroring the effects of both cytokines, with similar trends in non-osteoarthritic cells. These results suggest that cartilage wear particles are a relevant physical factor in the osteoarthritic environment, perpetuating the pro-inflammatory and pro-degradative cascade by modulating synoviocyte behavior at early and late stages of the disease. Future work points to therapeutic strategies for slowing disease progression that target cell-particle interactions. © 2019 Orthopaedic Research Society. Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Orthop Res 37:1979-1987, 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eben G. Estell
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY
| | | | - Robert M. Stefani
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY
| | - Andy J. Lee
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY
| | - Lance A. Murphy
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY
| | - Roshan P. Shah
- Columbia University, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, New York, NY
| | | | - Clark T. Hung
- Columbia University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York, NY
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20
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Peffers MJ, Smagul A, Anderson JR. Proteomic analysis of synovial fluid: current and potential uses to improve clinical outcomes. Expert Rev Proteomics 2019; 16:287-302. [PMID: 30793992 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2019.1578214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Synovial fluid (SF) is in close proximity to tissues which are primarily altered during articular disease and has significant potential to better understand the underlying disease pathogeneses of articular pathologies and biomarker discovery. Although development of mass spectrometry-based methods has allowed faster and higher sensitivity techniques, interrogation of the SF proteome has been hindered by its large protein concentration dynamic range, impeding quantification of lower abundant proteins. Areas covered: Recent advances have developed methodologies to reduce the large protein concentration dynamic range of SF and subsequently allow deeper exploration of the SF proteome. This review concentrates on methods to overcome biofluid complexity, mass spectrometry proteomics methodologies, extracellular vesicles proteomics and the application of advances within the field in clinical disease, including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthritis and juvenile arthritis. A narrative review was conducted with articles searched using PubMed, 1991-2018. Expert opinion: The SF proteomics field faces various challenges, including the requirement for rigorous and standardised methods of sample collection/storage, the sensitivity and specificity of proteomic assays, techniques to combat the large protein concentration dynamic range and comprehensive data analysis to reduce falsely identified markers. Additionally, there are challenges in developing multi 'omic' integration techniques, with computational integration enhancing analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Jayne Peffers
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - Aibek Smagul
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
| | - James Ross Anderson
- a Comparative Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease , University of Liverpool , Liverpool , UK
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Mahendran SM, Oikonomopoulou K, Diamandis EP, Chandran V. Synovial fluid proteomics in the pursuit of arthritis mediators: An evolving field of novel biomarker discovery. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2017; 54:495-505. [DOI: 10.1080/10408363.2017.1408561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini M. Mahendran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katerina Oikonomopoulou
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Eleftherios P. Diamandis
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Canada
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Centre for Prognosis Studies in Rheumatic Diseases, Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
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22
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Ourradi K, Sharif M. Opportunities and challenges for the discovery and validation of proteomic biomarkers for common arthritic diseases. Biomark Med 2017; 11:877-892. [PMID: 28976778 DOI: 10.2217/bmm-2016-0374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are most prevalent among all the rheumatic diseases, and currently, there are no reliable biochemical measures for early diagnosis or for predicting who is likely to progress. Early diagnosis is important for making decisions on treatment options and for better management of patients. This narrative review highlights the first-generation biomarkers identified over the last two decades and focuses on the discovery and validation of candidate OA biomarkers from recent mass-spectrometry-based proteomic studies for diagnosis and monitoring disease outcomes in human. It discusses the challenges and opportunities for discovery of novel biomarkers and progress in the development of techniques for measuring biomarkers, and provides directions for future discovery and validation of biomarkers for OA and rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija Ourradi
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
| | - Mohammed Sharif
- Musculoskeletal Research Unit, Translational Health Sciences Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Learning & Research Building, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK
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Farhang N, Brunger JM, Stover JD, Thakore PI, Lawrence B, Guilak F, Gersbach CA, Setton LA, Bowles RD. * CRISPR-Based Epigenome Editing of Cytokine Receptors for the Promotion of Cell Survival and Tissue Deposition in Inflammatory Environments. Tissue Eng Part A 2017; 23:738-749. [PMID: 28095751 PMCID: PMC5568019 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Musculoskeletal diseases have been associated with inflammatory cytokine action, particularly action by TNF-α and IL-1β. These inflammatory cytokines promote apoptosis and senescence of cells in diseased tissue and extracellular matrix breakdown. Stem cell-based therapies are being considered for the treatment of musculoskeletal diseases, but the presence of these inflammatory cytokines will have similar deleterious action on therapeutic cells delivered to these environments. Methods that prevent inflammatory-induced apoptosis and proinflammatory signaling, in cell and pathway-specific manners are needed. In this study we demonstrate the use of clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-based epigenome editing to alter cell response to inflammatory environments by repressing inflammatory cytokine cell receptors, specifically TNFR1 and IL1R1. We targeted CRISPR/Cas9-based repressors to TNFR1 and IL1R1 gene regulatory elements in human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) and investigated the functional outcomes of repression of these genes. Efficient signaling regulation was demonstrated in engineered hADSCs, as activity of the downstream transcription factor NF-κB was significantly reduced or maintained at baseline levels in the presence of TNF-α or IL-1β. Pellet culture of undifferentiated hADSCs demonstrated improved survival in engineered hADSCs treated with TNF-α or IL-1β, while having little effect on their immunomodulatory properties. Furthermore, engineered hADSCs demonstrated improved chondrogenic differentiation capacity in the presence of TNF-α or IL-1β, as shown by superior production of glycosaminglycans in this inflammatory environment. Overall this work demonstrates a novel method for modulating cell response to inflammatory signaling that has applications in engineering cells delivered to inflammatory environments, and as a direct gene therapy to protect endogenous cells exposed to chronic inflammation, as observed in a broad spectrum of degenerative musculoskeletal pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niloofar Farhang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Jonathan M. Brunger
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Joshua D. Stover
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | | | - Brandon Lawrence
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
| | - Farshid Guilak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis and Shriners Hospitals for Children–St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Charles A. Gersbach
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina
| | - Lori A. Setton
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis and Shriners Hospitals for Children–St. Louis, Saint Louis, Missouri
| | - Robby D. Bowles
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
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Hulme CH, Wilson EL, Peffers MJ, Roberts S, Simpson DM, Richardson JB, Gallacher P, Wright KT. Autologous chondrocyte implantation-derived synovial fluids display distinct responder and non-responder proteomic profiles. Arthritis Res Ther 2017; 19:150. [PMID: 28666451 PMCID: PMC5493128 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-017-1336-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) can be used in the treatment of focal cartilage injuries to prevent the onset of osteoarthritis (OA). However, we are yet to understand fully why some individuals do not respond well to this intervention. Identification of a reliable and accurate biomarker panel that can predict which patients are likely to respond well to ACI is needed in order to assign the patient to the most appropriate therapy. This study aimed to compare the baseline and mid-treatment proteomic profiles of synovial fluids (SFs) obtained from responders and non-responders to ACI. Methods SFs were derived from 14 ACI responders (mean Lysholm improvement of 33 (17–54)) and 13 non-responders (mean Lysholm decrease of 14 (4–46)) at the two stages of surgery (cartilage harvest and chondrocyte implantation). Label-free proteome profiling of dynamically compressed SFs was used to identify predictive markers of ACI success or failure and to investigate the biological pathways involved in the clinical response to ACI. Results Only 1 protein displayed a ≥2.0-fold differential abundance in the preclinical SF of ACI responders versus non-responders. However, there is a marked difference between these two groups with regard to their proteome shift in response to cartilage harvest, with 24 and 92 proteins showing ≥2.0-fold differential abundance between Stages I and II in responders and non-responders, respectively. Proteomic data has been uploaded to ProteomeXchange (identifier: PXD005220). We have validated two biologically relevant protein changes associated with this response, demonstrating that matrix metalloproteinase 1 was prominently elevated and S100 calcium binding protein A13 was reduced in response to cartilage harvest in non-responders. Conclusions The differential proteomic response to cartilage harvest noted in responders versus non-responders is completely novel. Our analyses suggest several pathways which appear to be altered in non-responders that are worthy of further investigation to elucidate the mechanisms of ACI failure. These protein changes highlight many putative biomarkers that may have potential for prediction of ACI treatment success.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte H Hulme
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Emma L Wilson
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK.,Institute of Medicine, Chester University, Chester, UK
| | - Mandy J Peffers
- Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Sally Roberts
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Deborah M Simpson
- Centre for Proteome Research, Institute of Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - James B Richardson
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK.,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Pete Gallacher
- Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK
| | - Karina T Wright
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University, Keele, Staffordshire, UK. .,Robert Jones and Agnes Hunt Orthopaedic Hospital, Oswestry, Shropshire, UK.
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Methylene blue decreases mitochondrial lysine acetylation in the diabetic heart. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:7-24. [PMID: 28303408 PMCID: PMC5532421 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-2993-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy is preceded by mitochondrial alterations, and progresses to heart failure. We studied whether treatment with methylene blue (MB), a compound that was reported to serve as an alternate electron carrier within the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC), improves mitochondrial metabolism and cardiac function in type 1 diabetes. MB was administered at 10 mg/kg/day to control and diabetic rats. Both echocardiography and hemodynamic studies were performed to assess cardiac function. Mitochondrial studies comprised the measurement of oxidative phosphorylation and specific activities of fatty acid oxidation enzymes. Proteomic studies were employed to compare the level of lysine acetylation on cardiac mitochondrial proteins between the experimental groups. We found that MB facilitates NADH oxidation, increases NAD+, and the activity of deacetylase Sirtuin 3, and reduces protein lysine acetylation in diabetic cardiac mitochondria. We identified that lysine acetylation on 83 sites in 34 proteins is lower in the MB-treated diabetic group compared to the same sites in the untreated diabetic group. These changes occur across critical mitochondrial metabolic pathways including fatty acid transport and oxidation, amino acid metabolism, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ETC, transport, and regulatory proteins. While the MB treatment has no effect on the activities of acyl-CoA dehydrogenases, it decreases 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity and long-chain fatty acid oxidation, and improves cardiac function. Providing an alternative route for mitochondrial electron transport is a novel therapeutic approach to decrease lysine acetylation, alleviate cardiac metabolic inflexibility, and improve cardiac function in diabetes.
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Samavedi S, Diaz-Rodriguez P, Erndt-Marino JD, Hahn MS. A Three-Dimensional Chondrocyte-Macrophage Coculture System to Probe Inflammation in Experimental Osteoarthritis. Tissue Eng Part A 2016; 23:101-114. [PMID: 27736317 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2016.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of the present study was to develop a fully three-dimensional (3D) coculture system that would allow for systematic evaluation of the interplay between activated macrophages (AMs) and chondrocytes in osteoarthritic disease progression and treatment. Toward this end, our coculture system was first validated against existing in vitro osteoarthritis models, which have generally cultured healthy normal chondrocytes (NCs)-in two-dimensional (2D) or 3D-with proinflammatory AMs in 2D. In this work, NCs and AMs were both encapsulated within poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate hydrogels to mimic the native 3D environments of both cell types within the osteoarthritic joint. As with previous studies, increases in matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and proinflammatory cytokines associated with the early stages of osteoarthritis were observed during NC-AM coculture, as were decreases in protein-level Aggrecan and collagen II. Thereafter, the coculture system was extended to osteoarthritic chondrocytes (OACs) and AMs to evaluate the potential effects of AMs on pre-existing osteoarthritic phenotypes. OACs in coculture with AMs expressed significantly higher levels of MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-9, MMP-13, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, and IFN-γ compared to OACs in mono-culture, indicating that proinflammatory macrophages may intensify the abnormal matrix degradation and cytokine secretion already associated with OACs. Likewise, AMs cocultured with OACs expressed significantly more IL-1β and VEGF-A compared to AM mono-culture controls, suggesting that OACs may intensify abnormal macrophage activation. Finally, OACs cultured in the presence of nonactivated macrophages produced lower levels of MMP-9 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-γ compared to OACs in the OAC-AM system, results that are consistent with anti-inflammatory agents temporarily reducing certain OA symptoms. In summary, the 3D coculture system developed herein captures several key features of inflammatory OA and may prove useful in future screening of therapeutic agents and/or assessment of disease progression mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyavrata Samavedi
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York.,2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology , Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Joshua D Erndt-Marino
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
| | - Mariah S Hahn
- 1 Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute , Troy, New York
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Emerging targets in osteoarthritis therapy. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2015; 22:51-63. [PMID: 25863583 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2015.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a destructive joint disease in which the initiation may be attributed to direct injury and mechanical disruption of joint tissues, but the progressive changes are dependent on active cell-mediated processes that can be observed or inferred during the generally long time-course of the disease. Based on clinical observations and experimental studies, it is now recognized a that it is possible for individual patients to exhibit common sets of symptoms and structural abnormalities due to distinct pathophysiological pathways that act independently or in combination. Recent research that has focused on the underlying mechanisms involving biochemical cross talk among the cartilage, synovium, bone, and other joint tissues within a background of poorly characterized genetic factors will be addressed in this review.
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Abstract
Our friend and colleague, Dr. Dick Heinegård, contributed greatly to the understanding of joint tissue biochemistry, the discovery and validation of arthritis-related biomarkers and the establishment of methodology for proteomic studies in osteoarthritis (OA). To date, discovery of OA-related biomarkers has focused on cartilage, synovial fluid and serum. Methods, such as affinity depletion and hyaluronidase treatment have facilitated proteomics discovery research from these sources. Osteoarthritis usually involves multiple joints; this characteristic makes it easier to detect OA with a systemic biomarker but makes it hard to delineate abnormalities of individual affected joints. Although the abundance of cartilage proteins in urine may generally be lower than other tissue/sample sources, the protein composition of urine is much less complex and its collection is non-invasive thereby facilitating the development of patient friendly biomarkers. To date however, relatively few proteomics studies have been conducted in OA urine. Proteomics strategies have identified many proteins that may relate to pathological mechanisms of OA. Further targeted approaches to validate the role of these proteins in OA are needed. Herein we summarize recent proteomic studies related to joint tissues and the cohorts used; a clear understanding of the cohorts is important for this work as we expect that the decisive discoveries of OA-related biomarkers rely on comprehensive phenotyping of healthy non-OA and OA subjects. Besides the common phenotyping criteria that include, gender, age, and body mass index (BMI), it is essential to collect data on symptoms and signs of OA outside the index joints and to bolster this with objective imaging data whenever possible to gain the most precise appreciation of the total burden of disease. Proteomic studies on systemic biospecimens, such as serum and urine, rely on comprehensive phenotyping data to unravel the true meaning of the proteomic results.
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O18Quant: a semiautomatic strategy for quantitative analysis of high-resolution 16O/18O labeled data. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:971857. [PMID: 24901003 PMCID: PMC4037588 DOI: 10.1155/2014/971857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Proteolytic 18O-labeling has been widely used in quantitative proteomics since it can uniformly label all peptides from different kinds of proteins. There have been multiple algorithms and tools developed over the last few years to analyze high-resolution proteolytic 16O/18O labeled mass spectra. We have developed a software package, O18Quant, which addresses two major issues in the previously developed algorithms. First, O18Quant uses a robust linear model (RLM) for peptide-to-protein ratio estimation. RLM can minimize the effect of outliers instead of iteratively removing them which is a common practice in other approaches. Second, the existing algorithms lack applicable implementation. We address this by implementing O18Quant using C# under Microsoft.net framework and R. O18Quant automatically calculates the peptide/protein relative ratio and provides a friendly graphical user interface (GUI) which allows the user to manually validate the quantification results at scan, peptide, and protein levels. The intuitive GUI of O18Quant can greatly enhance the user's visualization and understanding of the data analysis. O18Quant can be downloaded for free as part of the software suite ProteomicsTools.
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