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Li Y, Zhang Q, Qi D, Zhang L, Yi L, Li Q, Zhang Z. Correction: Valproate ameliorates nitroglycerin-induced migraine in trigeminal nucleus caudalis in rats through inhibition of NF-кB. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:132. [PMID: 39138410 PMCID: PMC11320916 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-024-01840-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Dandan Qi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Lian Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 23 Youzheng Road, Harbin, 150001, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang W, Wan F, Duan L, Tao W, Wang J, Huang L, Yan L. The Proteomic Analysis of Chronic Migraine Exosomes Reveals Disease Patterns and Potential Biomarkers. Mol Neurobiol 2024:10.1007/s12035-024-04389-w. [PMID: 39066974 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-024-04389-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes have been identified as optimal biomarkers to screen for multiple diseases. However, few studies focus on the abundant exosome population isolated from plasma of migraine. This study investigated whether proteins in abundant exosomes can aid in the diagnosis of chronic migraine (CM). Plasma exosomes were collected by centrifugation, from which protein samples were extracted. A pilot study (CM, 18; episodic migraine (EM), 26) followed by a second dataset (CM, 26; EM, 16; tension-type headache (TTH), 20; control, 22) was applied to establish a diagnostic model of CM. We employed proteomics based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) to search for potential candidate biomarkers in plasma exosomes from CM patients. In total, 530 proteins in plasma exosomes were co-detected. Among them, 13 proteins were found significantly dysregulated between the plasma exosomes of CM patients and other groups. The receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed a combination of six proteins (upregulated: RAP2B, AK1, BID, DAG1, PICALM, PSMB2) could distinguish CM patients with high accuracy. Linear correlation analysis showed that the combination was significantly correlated with Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) scores (assessing the negative impact of headaches on normal daily activity). The RT-qPCR results showed the same trends in CM models with nitroglycerin as the exosomal protein sequencing results. These data revealed dysregulated proteins in plasma exosomes of CM, and the combination of plasma exosomal proteins RAP2B, AK1, BID, DAG1, PICALM, and PSMB2 could serve as a novel candidate biomarker for CM diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fen Wan
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lihui Duan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Tao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, 818 Tianyuan East Road, Nanjing, 211166, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Lanyun Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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Wang Z, Ren W, Zhao F, Han Y, Liu C, Jia K. Retraction Note: Curcumin amends Ca 2 + dysregulation in microglia by suppressing the activation of P2 × 7 receptor. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:1547. [PMID: 38578527 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-05003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Weihua Ren
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Fucheng Zhao
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Yanru Han
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Caili Liu
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China
| | - Kui Jia
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, No. 88 Jiankang Road, Weihui, Xinxiang, Henan, 453100, China.
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Kong Q, Li F, Sun K, Sun X, Ma J. Valproic acid ameliorates cauda equina injury by suppressing HDAC2-mediated ferroptosis. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14524. [PMID: 38105511 PMCID: PMC11017456 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Persistent neuroinflammatory response after cauda equina injury (CEI) lowers nociceptor firing thresholds, accompanied by pathological pain and decreasing extremity dysfunction. Histone deacetylation has been considered a key regulator of immunity, inflammation, and neurological dysfunction. Our previous study suggested that valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, exhibited neuroprotective effects in rat models of CEI, although the underlying mechanism remains elusive. METHODS The cauda equina compression surgery was performed to establish the CEI model. The Basso, Beattie, Bresnahan score, and the von Frey filament test were carried out to measure the animal behavior. Immunofluorescence staining of myelin basic protein and GPX4 was carried out. In addition, transmission electron microscope analysis was used to assess the effect of VPA on the morphological changes of mitochondria. RNA-sequencing was conducted to clarify the underlying mechanism of VPA on CEI protection. RESULTS In this current study, we revealed that the expression level of HDAC1 and HDAC2 was elevated after cauda equina compression model but was reversed by VPA treatment. Meanwhile, HDAC2 knockdown resulted in the improvement of motor functions and pathologic pain, similar to treatment with VPA. Histology analysis also showed that knockdown of histone deacetylase (HDAC)-2, but not HDAC1, remarkably alleviated cauda equina injury and demyelinating lesions. The potential mechanism may be related to lowering oxidative stress and inflammatory response in the injured region. Notably, the transcriptome sequencing indicated that the therapeutic effect of VPA may depend on HDAC2-mediated ferroptosis. Ferroptosis-related genes were analyzed in vivo and DRG cells further validated the reliability of RNA-sequencing results, suggesting HDAC2-H4K12ac axis participated in epigenetic modulation of ferroptosis-related genes. CONCLUSION HDAC2 is critically involved in the ferroptosis and neuroinflammation in cauda equina injury, and VPA ameliorated cauda equina injury by suppressing HDAC2-mediated ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingjie Kong
- Department of OrthopedicsShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology & Institute of ImmunologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Fudong Li
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySpine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Kaiqiang Sun
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySpine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xiaofei Sun
- Department of Orthopedic SurgerySpine Center, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Ma
- Department of OrthopedicsShanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina
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Lai T, Chen L, Chen X, He J, Lv P, Ge H. Retraction Note: Rhynchophylline attenuates migraine in trigeminal nucleus caudalis in nitroglycerin-induced rat model by inhibiting MAPK/NF-кB signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2024; 479:449. [PMID: 38285381 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Lai
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Jianquan He
- Rehabilitation Department, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Peiyu Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China.
| | - Hua Ge
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China.
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Sun S, Fan Z, Liu X, Wang L, Ge Z. Microglia TREM1-mediated neuroinflammation contributes to central sensitization via the NF-κB pathway in a chronic migraine model. J Headache Pain 2024; 25:3. [PMID: 38177990 PMCID: PMC10768449 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01707-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation, mediated by the activation of microglia, contributes to central sensitization, which is associated with the development of chronic migraine (CM). TREM1 receptors amplify the inflammatory response. However, their relationship to CM is unclear. Thus, this study endeavoured to elucidate the exact role of TREM1 in CM. METHODS Nitroglycerin (NTG) was repeatedly administered intraperitoneally to establish the CM model. Mechanical and thermal sensitivities were assessed using von Frey filaments and hot plate assays. Using Western blotting, TREM1, NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and proinflammatory cytokines were all detected. Immunofluorescence was used to examine the cellular distribution of TREM1 and NLRP3, the number of microglia, immunoreactivity, and morphological changes. We examined the effects of TREM1 antagonists (LR12) and NF-κB inhibitors (PDTC) on pain behaviour, as well as the production of c-fos and CGRP. Additionally, we investigated whether LR12 and PDTC affect the activation of microglia and the NLRP3 inflammasome. We synthesized siRNA and TREM1-overexpressing plasmids to transfect BV2 cells treated with LPS and normal BV2 cells and treated TREM1-overexpressing BV2 cells with PDTC. The NF-κB pathway, NLRP3 inflammasome components, and proinflammatory cytokines were quantified using Western blotting. RESULTS Following NTG administration, the expression of TREM1 was significantly upregulated and exclusively localized in microglia in the TNC, and was well co-localized with NLRP3. Furthermore, activation of the classical NF-κB pathway was observed. Pre-treatment with LR12 and PDTC effectively attenuated mechanical hypersensitivity, suppressed the expression of c-fos and CGRP, and inhibited NF-κB activity in CM mice. Additionally, inhibition of TREM1 and NF-κB activity mitigated NTG-induced microglia and NLRP3 activation, as well as proinflammatory cytokines production. In vitro, knockdown of TREM1 resulted in attenuated activation of the NF-κB pathway following lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment and reduced expression of NLRP3 inflammasome components as well as proinflammatory cytokines. After TREM1 overexpression, the NF-κB pathway was activated, NLRP3 inflammasome components and proinflammatory cytokines were upregulated, and PDTC reversed this phenomenon. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that TREM1 regulates microglia and NLRP3 activation via the NF-κB pathway, thereby contributing to central sensitization and implicating its involvement in chronic migraine pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtang Sun
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhenzhen Fan
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Xuejiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Longde Wang
- Expert Workstation of Academician Wang Longde, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zhaoming Ge
- Department of Neurology, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Gansu Provincial Neurology Clinical Medical Research Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
- Expert Workstation of Academician Wang Longde, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Luo Y, Qiu Y, Zhou R, Zhang Y, Ji X, Liu Z, Li R, Zhang Y, Yang F, Hou J, Zhang S, Wang T, Song H, Tao X. Shaoyao Gancao decoction alleviates the central hyperalgesia of recurrent NTG-induced migraine in rats by regulating the NGF/TRPV1/COX-2 signal pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116781. [PMID: 37315643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Shaoyao Gancao Decoction (SGD) is well known as an effective prescription for analgesia composed of two herbs, and is noted as traditional Chinese medicine morphine. It is widely used in various conditions causing pain, including migraine. However, there is currently no research exploring the mechanism of action in the treatment of migraines. AIM OF THE STUDY The current research was devised to determine the underlying regulatory mechanism of SGD, by verifying its role in the NGF/TRPV1/COX-2 signal pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS The active components in SGD were identified by UHPLC-MS. A migraine model was prepared by subcutaneous (s.c.) injection of nitroglycerin (NTG) into the neck to detect migraine-like behavior, orbital hyperalgesia threshold changes, and the therapeutic effect of SGD. The mechanism of SGD in remedying migraine was studied through transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq), which was further validated utilizing Elisa, Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting (WB) experiments. RESULTS In the SGD chemical composition analysis, 45 components were identified including gallic acid, paeoniflorin and albiforin. In the behavioral experiments, SGD treatment significantly decreased the score of migraine-like head scratching in the NTG-induced migraine model (Mod) rats, while the hyperalgesia threshold increased outstandingly on days 10, 12, and 14 (P < 0.01, P < 0.001 or P < 0.0001). In migraine biomarkers experiment, compared with the Mod group, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) contents were outstandingly enhanced by SGD treatment, while nitric oxide (NO) contents were markedly declined (P < 0.01). In the RNA-seq test, the down-regulated genes of SGD inhibiting hyperalgesia migraine included the neurotrophic factor (NGF) and transient receptor potential vanillic acid subfamily protein 1 receptor (TRPV1). The down-regulation pathway is the inflammatory mediator regulation of TRP channels. In gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), SGD decreased the over-expression of protooncogene tyrosine-protein kinase Src (SRC) and TRPV1 in this pathway, and the two genes clustered at its lower end, with similar functions. PPI network results show that NGF interacts with TRPV1. Further verification shows that when compared with Mod group, the plasma cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) protein expression levels and the dura mater calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p-ERK, SRC and NGF protein expression levels in the SGD group were remarkably decreased (P < 0.01, P < 0.001 or P < 0.0001), and the expression level of TRPV1 protein showed a downward trend (P = 0.06). The expression levels of COX-2, NO, CGRP, TRPV1, SRC and NGF mRNA in the dura mater was overtly down-regulated (P < 0.05, P < 0.01 or P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS SGD has a significant inhibitory effect on the NGF/TRPV1/COX-2 signaling pathway that mediates central hyperalgesia migraine, thus suggesting the molecular mechanism of SGD in improving the symptoms of migraine may be related to the central hyperalgesia neurotransmitter that regulates the pathogenesis of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamin Luo
- Bejing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Yuehua Qiu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Ranran Zhou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Yao Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Xuenian Ji
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Zijian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Ran Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Feng Yang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Jianchen Hou
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Shujing Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Tieshan Wang
- Bejing Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Haochong Song
- College of Special Education, Beijing Union University, 100029, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiaohua Tao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China; Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Literature, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, 100029, Beijing, China.
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Shafique U, Din FU, Sohail S, Batool S, Almari AH, Lahiq AA, Fatease AA, Alharbi HM. Quality by design for sumatriptan loaded nano-ethosomal mucoadhesive gel for the therapeutic management of nitroglycerin induced migraine. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123480. [PMID: 37797784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a progressive neurological condition often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Various drugs have recently been used in the treatment of migraine, including sumatriptan (SUT). However, SUT has poor pharmacological effects mainly due to its reduced permeability, blood brain barrier (BBB) effect, half-life and bioavailability. Herein, we developed SUT loaded nano-ethosomes (SUT-NEs) for intranasal (IN) delivery, after their incorporation into chitosan based mucoadhesive gel (SUT-NEsG). The observed mean particle size of SUT-NEs was 109.45 ± 4.03 nm with spherical morphology, mono dispersion (0.191 ± 0.001), negatively charged (-20.90 ± 1.98 mV) and with excellent entrapment efficiency (96.90 ± 1.85 %). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra have depicted the compatibility of the components. Moreover, SUT-NEsG was homogeneous having suitable viscosity and mucoadhesive strength. In vitro release and ex vivo permeation analysis showed sustained release and improved permeation of the SUT-NEsG, respectively. Additionally, histopathological studies of nasal membrane affirmed the safety of SUT-NEsG after IN application. In vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated improved brain bioavailability of SUT-NEsG as compared to orally administered sumatriptan solution (SUT-SL). Furthermore, significantly enhanced pharmacological effect of SUT-NEsG was observed in behavioral and biochemical analysis, immunohistochemistry for NF-κB, and enzyme linked immuno assay (ELISA) for IL-1β and TNF-α in Nitroglycerin (NTG) induced migraine model. It can be concluded that migraine may be successfully managed through IN application of SUT-NEsG owing to the direct targeted delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswa Shafique
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Sohail
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sibgha Batool
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali H Almari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Lahiq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66262, Saudi Arabi
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Labastida-Ramírez A, Caronna E, Gollion C, Stanyer E, Dapkute A, Braniste D, Naghshineh H, Meksa L, Chkhitunidze N, Gudadze T, Pozo-Rosich P, Burstein R, Hoffmann J. Mode and site of action of therapies targeting CGRP signaling. J Headache Pain 2023; 24:125. [PMID: 37691118 PMCID: PMC10494408 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-023-01644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Targeting CGRP has proved to be efficacious, tolerable, and safe to treat migraine; however, many patients with migraine do not benefit from drugs that antagonize the CGRPergic system. Therefore, this review focuses on summarizing the general pharmacology of the different types of treatments currently available, which target directly or indirectly the CGRP receptor or its ligand. Moreover, the latest evidence regarding the selectivity and site of action of CGRP small molecule antagonists (gepants) and monoclonal antibodies is critically discussed. Finally, the reasons behind non-responders to anti-CGRP drugs and rationale for combining and/or switching between these therapies are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Labastida-Ramírez
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Edoardo Caronna
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Universitary Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Headache Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cédric Gollion
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Emily Stanyer
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Sleep and Circadian Neuroscience Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | | | - Diana Braniste
- Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Diomid Gherman, Chișinău, Moldova
- State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Nicolae Testemițanu, Moldova
| | - Hoda Naghshineh
- Headache Department, Iranian Center of Neurological Research, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Liga Meksa
- Headache Unit, Neurology and Neurosurgery Department, Riga East University Hospital Gailezers, Riga, Latvia
| | | | - Tamari Gudadze
- Department of Neurology, Christian Hospital Unna, Unna, Germany
| | - Patricia Pozo-Rosich
- Headache Unit, Neurology Department, Vall d'Hebron Universitary Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
- Headache Research Group, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rami Burstein
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Anesthesia, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Center for Life Science, Room 649, 3 Blackfan Circle, Boston, MA, 02215, USA
| | - Jan Hoffmann
- Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
- NIHR-Wellcome Trust King's Clinical Research Facility/SLaM Biomedical Research Centre, King's College Hospital, London, UK.
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10
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Biscetti L, Cresta E, Cupini LM, Calabresi P, Sarchielli P. The putative role of neuroinflammation in the complex pathophysiology of migraine: From bench to bedside. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 180:106072. [PMID: 36907522 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The implications of neurogenic inflammation and neuroinflammation in the pathophysiology of migraine have been clearly demonstrated in preclinical migraine models involving several sites relevant in the trigemino-vascular system, including dural vessels and trigeminal endings, the trigeminal ganglion, the trigeminal nucleus caudalis as well as central trigeminal pain processing structures. In this context, a relevant role has been attributed over the years to some sensory and parasympathetic neuropeptides, in particular calcitonin gene neuropeptide, vasoactive intestinal peptide and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide. Several preclinical and clinical lines of evidence also support the implication of the potent vasodilator and messenger molecule nitric oxide in migraine pathophysiology. All these molecules are involved in vasodilation of the intracranial vasculature, as well as in the peripheral and central sensitization of the trigeminal system. At meningeal level, the engagement of some immune cells of innate immunity, including mast-cells and dendritic cells, and their mediators, has been observed in preclinical migraine models of neurogenic inflammation in response to sensory neuropeptides release due to trigemino-vascular system activation. In the context of neuroinflammatory events implicated in migraine pathogenesis, also activated glial cells in the peripheral and central structures processing trigeminal nociceptive signals seem to play a relevant role. Finally, cortical spreading depression, the pathophysiological substrate of migraine aura, has been reported to be associated with inflammatory mechanisms such as pro-inflammatory cytokine upregulation and intracellular signalling. Reactive astrocytosis consequent to cortical spreading depression is linked to an upregulation of these inflammatory markers. The present review summarizes current findings on the roles of immune cells and inflammatory responses in the pathophysiology of migraine and their possible exploitation in the view of innovative disease-modifying strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Biscetti
- Istituto Nazionale di Ricovero e Cura dell'Anziano a carattere scientifico, IRCCS-INRCA, Ancona, Italy.
| | - Elena Cresta
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Calabresi
- Department of Neuroscience, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy; Neurologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Sarchielli
- Section of Neurology, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
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11
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Anwar S, Khan AU, Irshad N. Pharmacological evaluation of carvacrol anti-migraine potential. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:1309-1324. [PMID: 36723608 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02412-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a devitalizing neurovascular disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. This study was directed against the determination of the effectiveness of carvacrol against migraine. In silico results revealed that carvacrol possesses specific scoring values of - 4.4 to - 6 against selected targets. In vivo studies showed that carvacrol (25-50 mg/Kg) decreased migraine pain by reversing thermal allodynia, mechanical allodynia, number of head-scratching, and light phobicity in rats. Levels of glutathione, glutathione-s-transferase, and catalase enhanced in the cortex and trigeminal nucleus caudalis of the animal's brain tissues, i.e., cortex and trigeminal nucleus caudalis with the use of carvacrol, while a significant decrease in lipid peroxide level was seen. Histopathological evaluation showed improvement in cellular architecture and a decrease in expression of certain inflammatory markers such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, interleukin-18, and prostaglandin E2 validated by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay, immunohistochemistry, and western blot analysis. This study indicates that carvacrol exhibits binding affinities against different targets involved in migraine pathology and possesses anti-migraine action, mediated through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Spogmay Anwar
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Nadeem Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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12
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Simonetta I, Riolo R, Todaro F, Tuttolomondo A. New Insights on Metabolic and Genetic Basis of Migraine: Novel Impact on Management and Therapeutical Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3018. [PMID: 35328439 PMCID: PMC8955051 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Migraine is a hereditary disease, usually one-sided, sometimes bilateral. It is characterized by moderate to severe pain, which worsens with physical activity and may be associated with nausea and vomiting, may be accompanied by photophobia and phonophobia. The disorder can occur at any time of the day and can last from 4 to 72 h, with and without aura. The pathogenic mechanism is unclear, but extensive preclinical and clinical studies are ongoing. According to electrophysiology and imaging studies, many brain areas are involved, such as cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, and brainstem. The activation of the trigeminovascular system has a key role in the headache phase. There also appears to be a genetic basis behind the development of migraine. Numerous alterations have been identified, and in addition to the genetic cause, there is also a close association with the surrounding environment, as if on the one hand, the genetic alterations may be responsible for the onset of migraine, on the other, the environmental factors seem to be more strongly associated with exacerbations. This review is an analysis of neurophysiological mechanisms, neuropeptide activity, and genetic alterations that play a fundamental role in choosing the best therapeutic strategy. To date, the goal is to create a therapy that is as personalized as possible, and for this reason, steps forward have been made in the pharmacological field in order to identify new therapeutic strategies for both acute treatment and prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Simonetta
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D’Alessandro, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (I.S.); (R.R.); (F.T.)
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Programme, University of Palermo, P.zza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Renata Riolo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D’Alessandro, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (I.S.); (R.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Federica Todaro
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D’Alessandro, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (I.S.); (R.R.); (F.T.)
| | - Antonino Tuttolomondo
- Internal Medicine and Stroke Care Ward, Department of Promoting Health, Maternal-Infant Excellence and Internal and Specialized Medicine (ProMISE) G. D’Alessandro, University of Palermo, Piazza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy; (I.S.); (R.R.); (F.T.)
- Molecular and Clinical Medicine PhD Programme, University of Palermo, P.zza delle Cliniche n.2, 90127 Palermo, Italy
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Pavitt S, Gelfand AA, Zorrilla N, Allen I, Riggins N. Efficacy and Safety of Repetitive Intravenous Sodium Valproate in Pediatric Patients With Refractory Chronic Headache Disorders: A Retrospective Review. Pediatr Neurol 2022; 128:52-57. [PMID: 35093793 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2021.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic headache disorders can cause substantial disability and be treatment refractory. Often, these patients are excluded from clinical trials with leaving little evidence to guide treatment. In adults, divalproex sodium is an effective preventive migraine treatment. METHODS All pediatric patients admitted for first-time sodium valproate infusions to treat refractory, chronic migraine (CM), new daily persistent headache, or persistent headache attributed to head trauma from January 2017 to October 2020 were identified for review. Each patient underwent a standardized, 4-day protocol. A new preventive was started one week after discharge. Data on headache frequency, severity, and acute medication use were collected through preadmission and postadmission clinic notes. Safety and tolerability were evaluated. Results were evaluated using descriptive statistics and compared with paired t-tests. RESULTS Forty-five patients were identified for review. Patients with CM had a median of 7 previous preventive trials, and 85% had previously received alternative intravenous treatment for headache. Baseline headache pain significant decreased from 6.9/10 to 5.4/10 by 7-week postadmission follow up, (95% confidence interval = -0.7 to -2.4), P < 0.001. Use of medications for acute headache treatment decreased significantly from 2.1 days/week to 1.5 days/week, (95% confidence interval = -0.3 to -1), P < 0.001. Baseline headache frequency did not significantly change. At postadmission follow-up, 26 of 39 (67%) patients saw improvements in headache frequency, headache intensity, and/or acute pain medication usage. There were no serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Repetitive sodium valproate infusions were well tolerated and significantly reduced baseline headache intensity and acute medication usage in pediatric patients with refractory, chronic headache disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Pavitt
- Department of Neurology, Pediatric Headache Center, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.
| | - Amy A Gelfand
- Department of Neurology, Child & Adolescent Headache Program, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Natalia Zorrilla
- Department of Neurology, Child & Adolescent Headache Program, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Isabel Allen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California - San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Nina Riggins
- Department of Neurology, Adult Headache Center, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California
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14
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Chen H, Tang X, Li J, Hu B, Yang W, Zhan M, Ma T, Xu S. IL-17 crosses the blood-brain barrier to trigger neuroinflammation: a novel mechanism in nitroglycerin-induced chronic migraine. J Headache Pain 2022; 23:1. [PMID: 34979902 PMCID: PMC8903553 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01374-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic migraine places a disabling burden on patients, which is extensively modeled by the nitroglycerin (NTG)-treated animal model. Although the NF-κB pathway is involved in an increase in CGRP levels and activation of the trigeminal system in the NTG model, the relationship between NTG and neuroinflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to optimize a chronic NTG rat model with hyperalgesia and the ethological capacity for estimating migraine therapies and to further explore the underlying mechanism of NTG-induced migraine. Methods Rats were administered different doses of NTG s.c. daily or every 2 d; 30 min and 2 h later, the mechanical threshold was tested. After 9 d, the rats were injected with EB or Cy5.5 for the permeability assay. The other animals were sacrificed, and then, brainstem and caudal trigeminal ganglion were removed to test CGRP, c-Fos and NOS activity; Cytokines levels in the tissue and serum were measured by ELISA; and NF-κB pathway and blood–brain barrier (BBB)-related indicators were analyzed using western blotting. Immunohistochemistry was performed to observe microglial polarization and IL-17A+ T cell migration in the medulla oblongata. Results NTG (10 mg/kg, s.c., every 2 d for a total of 5 injections) was the optimal condition, resulting in progressive hyperalgesia and migraine behavior. TNC neuroinflammation with increases in cytokines, CGRP and c-Fos and activation of the NF-κB pathway was observed, and these changes were alleviated by ibuprofen. Furthermore, NTG administration increased BBB permeability by altering the levels functional proteins (RAGE, LRP1, AQP4 and MFSD2A) and structural proteins (ZO-1, Occludin and VE-cadherin-2) to increase peripheral IL-17A permeation into the medulla oblongata, activating microglia and neuroinflammation, and eventually causing hyperalgesia and migraine attack. Conclusions This study confirmed that NTG (10 mg/kg, s.c., every 2 d for a total of 5 injections) was the optimal condition to provoke migraine, resulting in mechanical hyperalgesia and observable migraine-like behavior. Furthermore, IL-17A crossed the blood–brain barrier into the medulla oblongata, triggering TNC activation through microglia-mediated neuroinflammation. This process was a novel mechanism in NTG-induced chronic migraine, suggesting that IL-17A might be a novel target in the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Xueqian Tang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Bangyan Hu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenqin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Zhan
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengyun Ma
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Meterial Medica Integration and Transformation for Brain Disorders, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China. .,State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611137, People's Republic of China.
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15
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Askari-Zahabi K, Abbasnejad M, Kooshki R, Raoof M, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Pourrahimi AM, Zamyad M. The role of basolateral amygdala orexin 1 receptors on the modulation of pain and psychosocial deficits in nitroglycerin-induced migraine model in adult male rats. Korean J Pain 2022; 35:22-32. [PMID: 34966009 PMCID: PMC8728545 DOI: 10.3344/kjp.2022.35.1.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine headaches have been associated with sensory hyperactivity and anomalies in social/emotional responses. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the potential involvement of orexin 1 receptors (Orx1R) within the basolateral amygdala (BLA) in the modulation of pain and psychosocial dysfunction in a nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced rat model of migraine. Methods Adult male Wistar rats were injected with NTG (5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal) every second day over nine days to induce migraine. The experiments were done in the following six groups (6 rats per group) untreated control, NTG, NTG plus vehicle, and NTG groups that were post-treated with intra-BLA microinjection of Orx1R antagonist SB-334867 (10, 20, and 40 nM). Thermal hyperalgesia was assessed using the hot plate and tail-flick tests. Moreover, the elevated plus maze (EPM) and open field (OF) tests were used to assess anxiety-like behaviors. The animals’ sociability was evaluated using the three-chamber social task. The NTG-induced photophobia was assessed using a light-dark box. Results We observed no change in NTG-induced thermal hyperalgesia following administration of SB-334867 (10, 20, and 40 nM). However, SB-334867 (20 and 40 nM) aggravated the NTG-induced anxiogenic responses in both the EPM and OF tasks. The NTG-induced social impairment was overpowered by SB-334867 at all doses. Time spent in the dark chamber of light-dark box was significantly increased in rats treated with SB-334867 (20 and 40 nM/rat). Conclusions The findings suggest a role for Orx1R within the BLA in control comorbid affective complaints with migraine in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Askari-Zahabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Kooshki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Maryam Raoof
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Pourrahimi
- Kerman Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Zamyad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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16
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Pourrahimi AM, Abbasnejad M, Raoof M, Esmaeili-Mahani S, Kooshki R. The involvement of orexin 1 and cannabinoid 1 receptors within the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter in the modulation of migraine-induced anxiety and social behavior deficits of rats. Peptides 2021; 146:170651. [PMID: 34560171 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2021.170651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Orexin 1 receptors (Orx1R) and cannabinoid 1 receptors (CB1R) are implicated in migraine pathophysiology. This study evaluated the potential involvement of Orx1R and CB1R within the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter (vlPAG) in the modulation of anxiety-like behavior and social interaction of migraineurs rats. A rat model of migraine induced by recurrent administration of nitroglycerin (NTG) (5 mg/kg/i.p.). The groups of rats (n = 6) were then subjected to intra-vlPAG microinjection of orexin-A (25, 50 pM), and Orx1R antagonist SB334867 (20, 40 nM) or AM 251 (2, 4 μg) as a CB1R antagonist. Behavioral responses were evaluated in elevated plus maze (EPM), open field (OF) and three-chambered social test apparatus. NTG produced a marked anxiety like behaviors, in both EPM and OF tasks. It did also decrease social performance. NTG-related anxiety and social conflicts were attenuated by orexin-A (25, 50 pM). However, NTG effects were exacerbated by SB334867 (40 nM) and AM251 (2, 4 μg). The orexin-A-mediated suppression of NTG-induced anxiety and social conflicts were prevented by either SB334867 (20 nM) or AM251 (2 μg). The findings suggest roles for Orx1R and CB1R signaling within vlPAG in the modulation of migraine-induced anxiety-like behavior and social dysfunction in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohammad Pourrahimi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Maryam Raoof
- Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Endodontology Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Kooshki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
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Latif K, Khan AU, Izhar Ul Haque M, Naeem K. Bergapten Attenuates Nitroglycerin-Induced Migraine Headaches through Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and Inflammatory Mediators. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:3303-3313. [PMID: 34455773 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.1c00146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study intended to examine the effect of bergapten and possible mechanisms involved in the treatment of migraine-associated symptoms in the rat model. Five doses of nitroglycerin (10 mg/kg) were injected intraperitoneal to induce migraine headaches in rats with a one-day break between each dose. Treatment groups received nitroglycerin followed after 1 day by bergapten (50 or 100 mg/kg), saline (10 mL/kg), or sumatriptan (50 mg/kg) once daily for 10 days. Behavioral observations were analyzed 2 h after nitroglycerin injections and 1 h 40 min after treatment. The animals were sacrificed 24 h after the last treatment dose. Samples of trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) and cerebral cortex were collected and analyzed for antioxidant activity and expression of inflammatory markers by immunohistochemistry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Our findings revealed that bergapten notably decreases headache by altering mechanical allodynia, thermal allodynia, light phobicity, and the number of head-scratching incidence in rats. In the cortex and TNC regions, antioxidant factors were restored, and lipid peroxidation was significantly reduced. Furthermore, bergapten decreased the expression of inflammatory markers, such as nuclear factor kappa B (NF-Kb) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as evidenced by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. These results suggest that bergapten exhibits headache-relieving activity, possibly mediated through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Latif
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Izhar Ul Haque
- The State Key Laboratory of Agriculture Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agriculture University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Komal Naeem
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
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Experimental and Clinical Evidence of the Effectiveness of Riboflavin on Migraines. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082612. [PMID: 34444772 PMCID: PMC8401857 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Riboflavin, a water-soluble member of the B-vitamin family, plays a vital role in producing energy in mitochondria and reducing inflammation and oxidative stress. Migraine pathogenesis includes neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Therefore, riboflavin is increasingly being recognized for its preventive effects on migraines. However, there is no concrete evidence supporting its use because the link between riboflavin and migraines and the underlying mechanisms remains obscure. This review explored the current experimental and clinical evidence of conditions involved in migraine pathogenesis and discussed the role of riboflavin in inhibiting these conditions. Experimental research has demonstrated elevated levels of various oxidative stress markers and pro-inflammatory cytokines in migraines, and riboflavin’s role in reducing these marker levels. Furthermore, clinical research in migraineurs showed increased marker levels and observed riboflavin’s effectiveness in reducing migraines. These findings suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress are associated with migraine pathogenesis, and riboflavin may have neuroprotective effects through its clinically useful anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress properties. Riboflavin’s safety and efficacy suggests its usefulness in migraine prophylaxis; however, insufficient evidence necessitates further study.
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Askari-Zahabi K, Abbasnejad M, Kooshki R, Esmaeili-Mahani S. Orexin one receptors within the basolateral amygdala are involved in the modulation of cognitive deficits associated with a migraine-like state in rats. Neurol Res 2021; 43:1087-1097. [PMID: 34233602 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2021.1949687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study explored the possible role of orexin one receptors (Orx1R) in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) on the modulation of nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine-like symptoms. In addition, pain-induced subsequent alteration in learning and memory competence was evaluated in the adult male Wistar rats. METHODS The rats were given NTG (5 mg/kg, i.p.) every two days (for nine-day) to induce a migraine-like state. The migraine animals were treated with intra-BLA infusion of an Orx1R antagonist SB 334,867 (10, 20, and 40 nM/rat) or its vehicle DMSO. The NTG-induced migraine symptoms were recorded for 90 min. Spatial and passive avoidance performances were assessed by Morris water maze (MWM) and shuttle box tasks, respectively. RESULTS In comparison with control, NTG produced significant migraine-like symptoms characterized by a decrease in cage climbing and an increase in head-scratching, freezing, and facial grooming behavior. Intra-BLA infusion of SB 334,867 (40 nM/rat) significantly decreased cage climbing and increased facial grooming responses in NTG-treated rats. Moreover, all administrated doses of SB 334,867 increased NTG-evoked head-scratching and freezing behavior. Besides, NTG impaired learning and memory performances in both tests, which were exaggerated by post-injection of SB 334,867 (40 nM/rat). CONCLUSIONS Overall, the data provided an emerging role for the orexin system within BLA in the modulation of cognitive decline comorbid with migraine in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Askari-Zahabi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehdi Abbasnejad
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Razieh Kooshki
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
| | - Saeed Esmaeili-Mahani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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Wang J, Feng J, Deng S, Bao B, Meng F, Dai H, Xu H, Wang S, Wang B, Li H. Network Pharmacology Analysis of the Effects of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix Plus Semen Vaccariae on Migraine-Induced Erectile Dysfunction. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 25:1474-1487. [PMID: 34182905 DOI: 10.2174/1386207324666210628105233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen Vaccariae are traditional Chinese medicines, which have been widely applied in the treatment of migraine and erectile dysfunction (ED) for many years. The aim of this study is to verify the effect of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen Vaccariae in improving migraine-induced ED and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS Key targets and signaling pathways of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen Vaccariae in migraine-induced erectile dysfunction treatment were predicted by network pharmacology. A rat model of migraine was established by nitroglycerin injection. Apomorphine was injected into rats to screen the migraine-induced erectile dysfunction model, Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix-Semen Vaccariae granule suspension administered, and erectile function evaluated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to compare the histological structure of the penile tissue, while RT-qPCR and Western blotting were used to determine mRNA and protein levels, respectively. RESULTS Screening allowed us to identify common targets for migraine and ED; the signaling pathway exhibiting the greatest change the Myosin light chain kinase- Calcium (MLCK-CaM) signal pathway. From Western blotting and RT-qPCR, we found that the levels of MLCK mRNA and protein in rats from Group B rats were significantly higher (P<0.05) than those in Groups A and C. Furthermore, the mRNA and protein levels of CaM were significantly higher in Group B (P<0.05) than in Groups A and C. CONCLUSION Data indicate that the regulatory effects of Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix plus Semen Vaccariae on migraine-induced ED in a rat model are mediated by the MLCK-CaM signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Junlong Feng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Sheng Deng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Binghao Bao
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Fanchao Meng
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Hengheng Dai
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Hongsheng Xu
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Shizhen Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100029, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100700, China
| | - Haisong Li
- Andrology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, BJ,100700, China
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21
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Khezri K, Saeedi M, Mohammadamini H, Zakaryaei AS. A comprehensive review of the therapeutic potential of curcumin nanoformulations. Phytother Res 2021; 35:5527-5563. [PMID: 34131980 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Today, due to the prevalence of various diseases such as the novel coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), diabetes, central nervous system diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and so on, extensive studies have been conducted on therapeutic properties of natural and synthetic agents. A literature review on herbal medicine and commercial products in the global market showed that curcumin (Cur) has many therapeutic benefits compared to other natural ingredients. Despite the unique properties of Cur, its use in clinical trials is very limited. The poor biopharmaceutical properties of Cur such as short half-life in plasma, low bioavailability, poor absorption, rapid metabolism, very low solubility (at acidic and physiological pH), and the chemical instability in body fluids are major concerns associated with the clinical applications of Cur. Recently, nanoformulations are emerging as approaches to develop and improve the therapeutic efficacy of various drugs. Many studies have shown that Cur nanoformulations have tremendous therapeutic potential against various diseases such as SARS-CoV-2, cancer, inflammatory, osteoporosis, and so on. These nanoformulations can inhibit many diseases through several cellular and molecular mechanisms. However, successful long-term clinical results are required to confirm their safety and clinical efficacy. The present review aims to update and explain the therapeutic potential of Cur nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadijeh Khezri
- Deputy of Food and Drug Administration, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Majid Saeedi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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22
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Won L, Kraig RP. Insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibits nitroglycerin-induced trigeminal activation of oxidative stress, calcitonin gene-related peptide and c-Fos expression. Neurosci Lett 2021; 751:135809. [PMID: 33713748 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2021.135809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 02/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Migraineurs experience increased oxidative stress which drives the initiation and maintenance of migraine-related pain in animal models and, by extension, migraine in humans. Oxidative stress augments calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) levels, a mediator of migraine pain. Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), a neuroprotective growth factor, reduces susceptibility to spreading depression, a preclinical model of migraine, in cultured brain slices by blocking oxidative stress and neuroinflammation from microglia. Similarly, nasal delivery of IGF-1 inhibits spreading depression in vivo. After recurrent cortical spreading depression, nasal administration of IGF-1 also significantly reduces trigeminal ganglion oxidative stress and CGRP levels as well as trigeminocervical c-Fos activation. Here, we probed for the impact of nasal IGF-1 pretreatment on trigeminal system activation using a second well-established preclinical model of migraine, systemic nitroglycerin injection. Adult male rats were treated with one of three doses of IGF-1 (37.5, 75 or 150 μg) and the optimal dose found in males was subsequently used for treatment of female rats. One day later, animals received an intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin. Measurements taken two hours later after nitroglycerin alone showed increased surrogate markers of trigeminal activation - oxidative stress and CGRP in the trigeminal ganglion and c-Fos in the trigeminocervical complex compared to vehicle control. These effects were significantly reduced at all doses of IGF-1 for trigeminal ganglion metrics of oxidative stress and CGRP and only at the lowest dose in both males and females for c-Fos. The latter inverted U-shaped or hormetic response is seen in enzyme-targeting drugs. While the specific mechanisms remain to be explored, our data here supports the ability of IGF-1 to preserve mitochondrial and antioxidant pathway homeostasis as means to prevent nociceptive activation in the trigeminal system produced by an experimental migraine model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Won
- Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Richard P Kraig
- Department of Neurology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.
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Activation orexin 1 receptors in the ventrolateral periaqueductal gray matter attenuate nitroglycerin-induced migraine attacks and calcitonin gene related peptide up-regulation in trigeminal nucleus caudalis of rats. Neuropharmacology 2020; 178:107981. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2020.107981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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24
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Gong Q, Lin Y, Lu Z, Xiao Z. Microglia-Astrocyte Cross Talk through IL-18/IL-18R Signaling Modulates Migraine-like Behavior in Experimental Models of Migraine. Neuroscience 2020; 451:207-215. [PMID: 33137409 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2020.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-18 (IL-18) is an important regulator of innate and immune responses, and is involved in the pain process, including neuropathic and cancer pain. The current study demonstrated that inflammatory soup (IS) dural infusions elicited the activation of microglia and astrocytes. In comparison, IS dural infusions induced the upregulation of IL-18 and IL-18R in microglia and astrocytes, respectively. Blocking the IL-18 signaling pathway attenuated nociceptive behavior. In comparison, blocking IL-18 signaling also suppressed the activation of astrocytes and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB). IL-18 dural infusions induced nociceptive behavior and glia activation. IL-18 is a product of the activation of microglial toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and it acted on IL-18R expressed in astrocytes. Subsequently, it stimulated the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), leading to the activation of astrocytes. In conclusion, IL-18-mediated microglia/astrocyte interactions in the medullary dorsal horn likely contribute to the development of hyperpathia or allodynia induced by migraines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoyu Gong
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Zheman Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China.
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25
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Oztay F, Tunali S, Kayalar O, Yanardag R. The protective effect of vitamin U on valproic acid‐induced lung toxicity in rats via amelioration of oxidative stress. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2020; 34:e22602. [DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Oztay
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Istanbul University Vezneciler Istanbul Turkey
| | - Sevim Tunali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Istanbul University—Cerrahpasa Avcilar Turkey
| | - Ozgecan Kayalar
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Istanbul University Vezneciler Istanbul Turkey
- Koc University School of Medicine Koc University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) Istanbul Turkey
| | - Refiye Yanardag
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering Istanbul University—Cerrahpasa Avcilar Turkey
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Urits I, Gress K, Charipova K, Zamarripa AM, Patel PM, Lassiter G, Jung JW, Kaye AD, Viswanath O. Pharmacological options for the treatment of chronic migraine pain. Best Pract Res Clin Anaesthesiol 2020; 34:383-407. [PMID: 33004155 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpa.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a debilitating neurological condition with symptoms typically consisting of unilateral and pulsating headache, sensitivity to sensory stimuli, nausea, and vomiting. The World Health Organization (WHO) reports that migraine is the third most prevalent medical disorder and second most disabling neurological condition in the world. There are several options for preventive migraine treatments that include, but are not limited to, anticonvulsants, antidepressants, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, botulinum toxins, NSAIDs, riboflavin, and magnesium. Patients may also benefit from adjunct nonpharmacological options in the comprehensive prevention of migraines, such as cognitive behavior therapy, relaxation therapies, biofeedback, lifestyle guidance, and education. Preventative therapies are an essential component of the overall approach to the pharmacological treatment of migraine. Comparative studies of newer therapies are needed to help patients receive the best treatment option for chronic migraine pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Urits
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care, and Pain Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Kyle Gress
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Alec M Zamarripa
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Anesthesiology, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Parth M Patel
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Anesthesiology, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Grace Lassiter
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jai Won Jung
- Georgetown University School of Medicine, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Alan D Kaye
- Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | - Omar Viswanath
- University of Arizona College of Medicine-Phoenix, Department of Anesthesiology, Phoenix, AZ, USA; Louisiana State University Health Shreveport, Department of Anesthesiology, Shreveport, LA, USA; Creighton University School of Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Omaha, NE, USA; Valley Pain Consultants - Envision Physician Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
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Casili G, Lanza M, Filippone A, Campolo M, Paterniti I, Cuzzocrea S, Esposito E. Dimethyl fumarate alleviates the nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine in mice. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:59. [PMID: 32066464 PMCID: PMC7469611 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01736-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidative stress and inflammatory pathways are involved in migraine and endogenous antioxidant defense system has a role in the prevention of hyperalgesia in migraine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of the most pharmacologically effective molecules among the fumaric acid esters (FAEs), dimethyl fumarate, nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf-2/ARE) pathway-mediated, in regulating the hypersensitivity in a mouse model of nitroglycerine (NTG)-induced migraine. Methods Mice were orally administered with DMF at the doses of 10, 30, and 100 mg/kg, 5 min after NTG intraperitoneal injections. We performed histological and molecular analysis on the whole brain and behavioral tests after 4 h by NTG-migraine induction. The expression of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-кB) subunit p65, nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells inhibitor alpha (IκBα), inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2), Nrf-2, manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), and heme-oxygenase-1 (HO-1) were detected by Western blot. Tail flick, hot plate, orofacial formalin, and photophobia tests were used to evaluate migraine-like pain and migraine-related light sensitivity. Moreover, we evaluate Nrf-2-dependent mechanism by the in vitro stimulation of cells extracted by trigeminal ganglia with diethylenetriamine/nitric oxide (DETA/NO), a nitric oxide (NO) donor. The cells were pre-treated with DMF and an antagonist of Nrf-2, trigonelline (TR) 2 h before DETA/NO stimulation. Results DMF treatment notably reduced histological damage as showed by cresyl violet staining; also, regulating both NF-κB and Nrf-2 pathway, DMF treatment decreased the severity of inflammation and increased the protective antioxidant action. Moreover, the headache was significantly reduced. The protective effect of DMF treatment, via Nrf-2, was confirmed in in vitro studies, through inhibition of Nrf-2 by trigonelline. Cytotoxicity, iNOS, and MnSOD expression were evaluated. Conclusion These results provided the evidence that DMF, by Nrf-2 modulation, has a protective effect on central sensitization induced by NTG, suggesting a new insight into the potential application of DMF as novel candidates in drug development for migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Casili
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Marika Lanza
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Alessia Filippone
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Michela Campolo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Irene Paterniti
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy
| | - Salvatore Cuzzocrea
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Physiological Science, Saint Louis University, Room M 36-1402 South Grand Blvd, St. Louis, MO, 63104, USA
| | - Emanuela Esposito
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale Ferdinando Stagno D 'Alcontres, 31, 98166, Messina, Italy.
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Riggins N, Ehrlich A, Sawhney H, Dapkus L, Levin M. Retrospective Chart Review of Intravenous Valproate Sodium as a Preventive Treatment for Patients With Chronic Migraine. Headache 2020; 60:617-620. [PMID: 31985052 DOI: 10.1111/head.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This is a small pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness of an intravenous (IV) valproate sodium therapy protocol for migraine prevention in a population of patients with chronic migraine refractory to multiple preventive medications. BACKGROUND Valproate sodium is an anti-epileptic and mood stabilizer that has been shown to prevent migraine when used daily in oral form. The specific mechanism of action in migraine is unknown, but it may be related to suppressing inflammation and increasing brain Gamma-aminobutyric acid levels. It also may relate to its ability to suppress cortical spreading depression. Multiple studies have suggested that valproic acid and its derivatives may inhibit Calcitonin gene-related peptide. In the present work, we undertook a small pilot study to evaluate the effectiveness of an IV valproate sodium therapy for migraine prevention in a population of patients with chronic migraine refractory to multiple preventive medications. METHODS Fourteen adult patients with chronic migraine were admitted for a 4-day course of IV valproate sodium. Patients received 250 mg of valproate sodium over a standard infusion time of 60 minutes every 8 hours. Most patients received 9 doses over the 4-day course of treatment. One patient had to discontinue after 1 dose of 250-mg valproate sodium, as this patient experienced an increase in his previous symptoms of nausea, vomiting, and vertigo with his first dose. To avoid positive selection bias, we evaluated the first admission for valproate IV therapy in patients with multiple admissions; there was 1 patient with 2 admissions and 1 with 3 admissions for IV valproate sodium. Of note - all admission outcomes for these patients were similar. Headache diaries were reviewed from 1 month before, during, and approximately 2 months after their admission. STATISTICAL ANALYSES Due to the observational nature of the study and small sample size, we did not think that quantitative statistical analysis would add more meaning to this pilot study. Formal quantitative statistical analysis was not performed in this study and descriptive statistical analysis was used due to this being a pilot proof of concept study. Physician clinical judgment in combination with patient reports were used to assign a dichotomous conclusion on clinical improvement for each patient. In the future, we plan to create a larger study, including additional treatment groups for control, such as IV Dihydroergotamine or IV Chlorpromazine, in order to quantify improvement of symptoms. RESULTS A total of 9 out of 13 (69%) patients had an improvement in their headache post-admission and reported a reduction in headache frequency, intensity, and/or use of acute medications 4-6 weeks following their admissions. A total of 5 out of 13 (38%) patients also reported an improvement in headache intensity during the 4-day period of inpatient admission. The other 8 out of 13 (62%) patients reported stable headache pattern. One patient had feelings of restlessness, which improved with prolongation of infusion time to 120 minutes. CONCLUSION These results indicate that this repetitive dosing valproate sodium protocol is a safe and well-tolerated intervention for the treatment of chronic migraine resistant to oral medications. Given the promising outcomes on patient headache improvement with this small pilot study, studies to confirm this benefit in a larger cohort of chronic migraine patients are warranted, preferable with the addition of a blinded control group for comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Riggins
- Headache Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Annika Ehrlich
- Headache Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Henna Sawhney
- Headache Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Laura Dapkus
- Headache Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Morris Levin
- Headache Division, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Insulin-like growth factor-1 inhibits spreading depression-induced trigeminal calcitonin gene related peptide, oxidative stress & neuronal activation in rat. Brain Res 2020; 1732:146673. [PMID: 31978377 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2020.146673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Migraineurs can show brain hyperexcitability and oxidative stress that may promote headache. Since hyperexcitability can enhance oxidative stress which promotes hyperexcitability, ending this feed-back loop may reduce migraine. Neocortical spreading depression, an animal model of migraine begins with hyperexcitability and triggers oxidative stress in the neocortical area involved and in the trigeminal system, which is important to pain pathway nociceptive activation in migraine. Additionally, oxidative stress causes increased trigeminal ganglion calcitonin gene-related peptide release and oxidative stress can reduce spreading depression threshold. Insulin-like growth factor-1 significantly protects against spreading depression in vitro by reducing oxidative stress and it is effective against spreading depression after intranasal delivery to animals. Here, we used adult male rats and extend this work to study the trigeminal system where insulin-like growth factor-1 receptors are highly expressed. Recurrent neocortical spreading depression significantly increased surrogate markers of trigeminal activation - immunostaining for trigeminal ganglion oxidative stress, calcitonin gene related peptide levels and c-fos in the trigeminocervical complex versus sham. These effects were significantly reduced by intranasal delivery of insulin-like growth factor-1 a day before recurrent neocortical spreading depression. Furthermore, intranasal treatment with insulin-like growth factor-1 significantly reduced naïve levels of trigeminal ganglion calcitonin gene related peptide versus sham with no impact on blood glucose levels. Intranasal delivery of insulin-like growth factor-1 not only mitigates neocortical spreading depression, a cause of migraine hyperexcitability modeled in animals, but also when neocortical spreading depression is triggered by supra-threshold stimuli, insulin-like growth factor-1 effectively reduces nociceptive activation in the trigeminal system.
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30
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El-Nabarawy NA, Teaima MH, Helal DA. Assessment Of Spanlastic Vesicles Of Zolmitriptan For Treating Migraine In Rats. Drug Des Devel Ther 2019; 13:3929-3937. [PMID: 31819367 PMCID: PMC6877729 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s220473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To develop and evaluate zolmitriptan spanlastics (Zol SLs) as a brain-targeted antimigraine delivery system. Spanlastics (SLs) prepared using span 60: tween 80 (70:30%, respectively) gave the highest percentage of entrapment efficiency (EE%). MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 60 adult male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups (n=10 rats/group). Group 1 (Control) comprised rats serving as a negative control. Group 2 was treated with glyceryl trinitrate (NTG) and served as the positive control. Groups 3 (NTG+Zol com), Group 4 (NTG+Zol sol) and Group 5 (NTG+Zol SLs) received commercial zolmitriptan orally, zolmitriptan solution intranasally and Zol SLs F5 intranasally, respectively, 30 min before NTG. Group 6 (Zol SLs) comprised normal rats that received only Zol SLs intranasally. RESULTS We found decreased Tmax, increased Cmax, AUC0-6, AUC0-∞ and ameliorated behaviour in rats (head scratching) treated with intranasal SLs compared to oral commercial zolmitriptan. CONCLUSION Our study substantiates the enhanced efficacy of Zol SLs in brain targeting for migraine treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagla Ahmed El-Nabarawy
- National Egyptian Center of Environmental & Toxicological Research (NECTR), Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Hassan Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doaa Ahmed Helal
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Fayoum University, Elfayoum, Egypt
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Lai T, Chen L, Chen X, He J, Lv P, Ge H. Rhynchophylline attenuates migraine in trigeminal nucleus caudalis in nitroglycerin-induced rat model by inhibiting MAPK/NF-кB signaling. Mol Cell Biochem 2019; 461:205-212. [PMID: 31420791 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-019-03603-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Migraine causes severe health and social issues worldwide. Rhynchophylline (Rhy) is one of the major active components of Uncaria rhynchophylla that is used for the treatment of headache in Traditional Chinese Medicine. In the current study, the effect of Rhy on nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine was assessed and the associated mechanism was also explored to explain its function. Rats were pre-treated with Rhy of two doses (10 mg/kg and 30 mg/kg) and then subjected to NTG to induce migraine symptoms. Thereafter, the electroencephalogram (EEG) signaling, spontaneous behaviors, levels of indicators related to oxidative stress, and expression of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) were measured to assess the anti-migraine function of Rhy. Moreover, the activities of MAPK/NF-κB pathway under the administrations of Rhy were also detected. The results showed that NTG induced EEG and behavior disorders in rats, which was associated with the initiation of oxidative stress and increased expression of CGRP. Nevertheless, the pre-treatments with Rhy attenuated the damages induced by NTG by reversing the levels of all the above indicators. The results of western blotting demonstrated that the anti-migraine effect of Rhy was accompanied by the inhibition of MAPK/NF-кB pathway. The findings outlined in the current study revealed an alternative mechanism of Rhy in protecting brain tissues against migraine: the agent exerted its effect by suppressing MAPK/NF-кB pathway, which would ameliorate impairments associated with migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianbao Lai
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Liangyi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Xingyu Chen
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Jianquan He
- Rehabilitation Department, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Peiyu Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China.
| | - Hua Ge
- Department of Neurology, Zhongshan Hospital of Xiamen University, 201-209 South Hubin Road, Xiamen, 361004, China.
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Demartini C, Greco R, Zanaboni AM, Sances G, De Icco R, Borsook D, Tassorelli C. Nitroglycerin as a comparative experimental model of migraine pain: From animal to human and back. Prog Neurobiol 2019; 177:15-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2018] [Revised: 01/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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33
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Membrane Stabilizer Medications in the Treatment of Chronic Neuropathic Pain: a Comprehensive Review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2019; 23:37. [DOI: 10.1007/s11916-019-0774-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Consider using selected antiepileptics to reduce the frequency of various types of headaches. DRUGS & THERAPY PERSPECTIVES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40267-019-00602-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Marmura MJ, Kumpinsky AS. Refining the Benefit/Risk Profile of Anti-Epileptic Drugs in Headache Disorders. CNS Drugs 2018; 32:735-746. [PMID: 30073584 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-018-0555-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Anti-epileptic drugs are among the most effective drugs for migraine prophylaxis, and will likely continue to have a role even as new therapies emerge. Topiramate and valproate are effective for the preventive treatment of migraine, and other medications such as gabapentin or lamotrigine may have a role in the treatment of those with allodynia or frequent aura, respectively. Oxcarbazepine, carbamazepine, phenytoin, gabapentin, and others may alleviate pain in trigeminal neuralgia. While many anti-epileptic drugs can be effective in those with migraine or other headaches, most of these agents can potentially cause serious side effects. In particular, valproate, topiramate, carbamazepine, and phenytoin may lead to adverse outcomes for infants of exposed mothers. Valproate should not be given to women of childbearing potential for migraine prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Marmura
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut ST #200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.
| | - Aliza S Kumpinsky
- Department of Neurology, Jefferson Headache Center, Thomas Jefferson University, 900 Walnut ST #200, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA
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Sprenger T, Viana M, Tassorelli C. Current Prophylactic Medications for Migraine and Their Potential Mechanisms of Action. Neurotherapeutics 2018; 15:313-323. [PMID: 29671241 PMCID: PMC5935650 DOI: 10.1007/s13311-018-0621-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A relatively high number of different medications is currently used for migraine prevention in clinical practice. Although these compounds were initially developed for other indications and differ in their mechanisms of action, some general themes can be identified from the mechanisms at play. Efficacious preventive drugs seem to either suppress excitatory nervous signaling via sodium and/or calcium receptors, facilitate GABAergic inhibition, reduce neuronal sensitization, block cortical spreading depression and/or reduce circulating levels of CGRP. We here review such mechanisms for the different compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Till Sprenger
- Department of Neurology, DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Aukammallee 33, 65191, Wiesbaden, Germany.
| | - M Viana
- Headache Science Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100, Pavia, Italy
| | - C Tassorelli
- Headache Science Centre, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, 27100, Pavia, Italy
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy
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Tang Y, Liu S, Shu H, Xing Y, Tao F. AMPA receptor GluA1 Ser831 phosphorylation is critical for nitroglycerin-induced migraine-like pain. Neuropharmacology 2018; 133:462-469. [PMID: 29486167 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2018.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is the third most common disease worldwide; however, the mechanisms underlying migraine headache are still not fully understood. Previous studies have demonstrated that α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole-propionic acid (AMPA) receptor phosphorylation plays an important role in central sensitization of pain transmission. In the present study, we observed that AMPA receptor GluA1 Ser831 phosphorylation was enhanced in the spinal trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) after intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin (NTG). The NTG injection induced acute migraine-like pain including photophobia and mechanical hypersensitivity as reported previously. Interestingly, targeted mutation of GluA1 Ser831 site to prevent phosphorylation significantly inhibited NTG-induced migraine-like pain. Moreover, NTG incubation caused a robust Ca2+ influx in cultured brainstem neurons, which was dramatically inhibited by GluA1 S831A (serine at the 831 site of GluA1 is mutated to alanine) phospho-deficient mutation, and treatment with 1-naphthyl acetyl spermine (NASPM), a selective Ca2+-permeable AMPA receptor channel blocker, dose-dependently blocked the NTG-evoked increase of Ca2+ influx in the cultured neurons. We further found that intra-Sp5C injection of NASPM significantly inhibited NTG-produced mechanical hypersensitivity. These results suggest that AMPA receptor phosphorylation at the Ser831 site in the Sp5C is critical for NTG-induced migraine-like pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Tang
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Sufang Liu
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Hui Shu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ying Xing
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Feng Tao
- Department of Physiology and Neurobiology, Zhengzhou University School of Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan, China; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA; Center for Craniofacial Research and Diagnosis, Texas A&M University College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA.
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Jay GW, Barkin RL. Primary Headache Disorders Part I- Migraine and the Trigeminal Autonomic Cephalalgias. Dis Mon 2017; 63:308-338. [DOI: 10.1016/j.disamonth.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Yi L, Wu Q, Chen N, Song G, Wang C, Zou Q, Zhang Z. Valproate Plays a Protective Role against Migraine by Inhibiting Protein Kinase C Signalling in Nitroglycerin-treated Mice. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2017; 122:310-316. [PMID: 28990289 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Migraine is a common disease with a high morbidity. Valproate (VP) is used as an anti-epilepsy drug in clinic. This study aimed to investigate the role of VP in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced migraine using a mouse model. NTG was employed by intraperitoneal injection to induce a migraine model in mice. The NTG administration caused mouse head discomforts, decreased tolerance to cold or hot stimulation and increased content of nitric oxide, calcitonin gene-related peptide and neuropeptide Y in serum, which were ameliorated by intraperitoneal injection of VP. The levels of two inflammatory factors, interleukin (IL)-1β and inducible nitric oxide synthase, in dura mater were increased by NTG treatment, while the increase was attenuated by application of VP. In addition, the phosphorylation levels of protein kinase C (PKC) α, γ, δ and ε were increased by NTG and decreased by VP. However, their total expression at the transcriptional and translational levels did not change significantly. Two substrates of PKC, cAMP-response element binding protein 1 and signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 were also phosphorylated by NTG application, and the phosphorylation level was attenuated by VP, consistent with the change of PKC informs. Together, we demonstrated that VP prevented damage due to migraine by inhibiting PKC signalling in NTG-injected mice, which may provide a basis for investigating the clinical treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Yi
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Qiaoge Zou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Marashly ET, Bohlega SA. Riboflavin Has Neuroprotective Potential: Focus on Parkinson's Disease and Migraine. Front Neurol 2017; 8:333. [PMID: 28775706 PMCID: PMC5517396 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2017.00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
With the huge negative impact of neurological disorders on patient's life and society resources, the discovery of neuroprotective agents is critical and cost-effective. Neuroprotective agents can prevent and/or modify the course of neurological disorders. Despite being underestimated, riboflavin offers neuroprotective mechanisms. Significant pathogenesis-related mechanisms are shared by, but not restricted to, Parkinson's disease (PD) and migraine headache. Those pathogenesis-related mechanisms can be tackled through riboflavin proposed neuroprotective mechanisms. In fact, it has been found that riboflavin ameliorates oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and glutamate excitotoxicity; all of which take part in the pathogenesis of PD, migraine headache, and other neurological disorders. In addition, riboflavin-dependent enzymes have essential roles in pyridoxine activation, tryptophan-kynurenine pathway, and homocysteine metabolism. Indeed, pyridoxal phosphate, the active form of pyridoxine, has been found to have independent neuroprotective potential. Also, the produced kynurenines influence glutamate receptors and its consequent excitotoxicity. In addition, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase requires riboflavin to ensure normal folate cycle influencing the methylation cycle and consequently homocysteine levels which have its own negative neurovascular consequences if accumulated. In conclusion, riboflavin is a potential neuroprotective agent affecting a wide range of neurological disorders exemplified by PD, a disorder of neurodegeneration, and migraine headache, a disorder of pain. In this article, we will emphasize the role of riboflavin in neuroprotection elaborating on its proposed neuroprotective mechanisms in opposite to the pathogenesis-related mechanisms involved in two common neurological disorders, PD and migraine headache, as well as, we encourage the clinical evaluation of riboflavin in PD and migraine headache patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eyad T. Marashly
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saeed A. Bohlega
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Fan S, Xiao Z, Zhu F, He X, Lu Z. A new comorbidity model and the common pathological mechanisms of migraine and epilepsy. Am J Transl Res 2017; 9:2286-2295. [PMID: 28559979 PMCID: PMC5446511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A bi-directional relationship between epilepsy and migraine has been widely reported in epidemiological and clinical studies, but the mechanisms of interaction between these disorders have not been fully examined using animal models. The aim of the present study was to develop a new comorbidity model of migraine and epilepsy. Nociception was induced by applying an inflammatory soup to the dura mater; this procedure resulted in nociception similar to that expressed in inflammatory disorders such as migraine. We showed that nociceptive behaviors (head rubbing, including with the forepaws and hindpaws) were significantly enhanced in comorbidity rats compared to sham-operation (Sham) rats, and these nociceptive behaviors were correlated with epilepsy-like behaviors. The plasma levels of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) significantly increased in the migraine group compared with the sham group, but CGRP did not further increase in comorbidity rats compared with migraine rats. C-Fos immunoreactive area values were higher in the comorbidity group than in the migraine group in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (Sp5C) area (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in HSP70 expression between the comorbidity group and the epilepsy group. The expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the CA3 area of the hippocampus in the comorbidity group was significantly higher than that in the epilepsy group according to the immunohistochemical test (P<0.05). In conclusion, our findings indicate that pilocarpine-induced epilepsy exacerbates inflammatory nociception, which can aggravate seizure severity. Moreover, we established a new comorbidity model for migraine and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanghua Fan
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityJiefang Road 238, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zheman Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityJiefang Road 238, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
| | - Fan Zhu
- Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Xiaohua He
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430071, Hubei, PR China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan UniversityJiefang Road 238, Wuhan 430060, Hubei, PR China
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Activation of the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/anitioxidant response element alleviates the nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia in rats. J Headache Pain 2016; 17:99. [PMID: 27778243 PMCID: PMC5078120 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-016-0694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Antioxidants have been proven to weaken hyperalgesia in neuropathic pain. Endogenous antioxidant defense system may have a role in the prevention of hyperalgesia in migraine. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the role of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/antioxidant response element (Nrf2/ARE) pathway in regulating the activation of the trigeminovascular system (TGVS) and hypersensitivity in nitroglycerin (NTG)-induced hyperalgesia rats. Methods The expression levels of Nrf2, HO, HO1, and NQO1 in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC) were detected by western blot. Immunofluorescence was used to demonstrate the cell-specific localization of Nrf2 in TNC. Sulforaphane, a Nrf2 activator, was administered to NTG-induced rats. Then, the number of c-Fos- and nNOS-immunoreactive neurons in TNC was evaluated using immunofluorescence, and c-Fos and nNOS protein levels were quantified using western blot. Von Frey hair testing was used to evaluate the tactile thresholds of rats at different time points in different groups. Results Total cellular and nuclear levels of the proteins Nrf2, HO1, and NQO1 were elevated in TNC after NTG injection, and Nrf2 was found to be located in the nucleus and cytoplasm of the neurons. Sulforaphane pretreatment significantly increased the nuclear Nrf2, HO1, and NQO1 levels in TNC. In addition, sulforaphane exposure effectively inhibited the expression of nNOS and c-Fos, reduced the number of nNOS and c-Fos immunoreactive neurons in TNC, and attenuated the tactile thresholds induced by NTG injection. Conclusion Oxidative stress was involved in nitroglycerin-induced hyperalgesia. Activation of the Nrf2/ARE pathway inhibited the activation of TGVS and prevented the induction of hyperalgesia. Sulforaphane might therefore be an effective agent for hyperalgesia. Further studies are needed to discover the underlying mechanisms of the process.
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Li R, Liu Y, Chen N, Zhang Y, Song G, Zhang Z. Valproate Attenuates Nitroglycerin-Induced Trigeminovascular Activation by Preserving Mitochondrial Function in a Rat Model of Migraine. Med Sci Monit 2016; 22:3229-37. [PMID: 27618395 PMCID: PMC5029177 DOI: 10.12659/msm.900185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Migraine is a chronic disease that interferes with life quality and work productivity. Valproate shows protective effects against migraine, yet the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the potential effect of valproate on migraine using a rat model of nitroglycerin-induced trigeminovascular activation, as well as to explore the underlying mechanism. Material/Methods Intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin was conducted to induce trigeminovascular activation in rats. To explore the protective effect of valproate, a low dose (100 mg/kg) or a high dose (200 mg/kg) of valproate was intraperitoneally injected into rats, and then the levels of 5-hydroxytryptamine and nitric oxide in the peripheral blood were examined. The mtDNA copy number and the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator 1α, mitochondrial transcription factor A, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ in the spinal trigeminal nucleus were detected to evaluate the biogenesis of mitochondria. The mitochondrial energy metabolism was determined by the mitochondrial membrane potential and the levels of adenosine triphosphate, cytochrome C oxidase, and reactive oxygen species. Results Valproate attenuated nitroglycerin-induced trigeminovascular activation in rats, with reduced scratching behavior and restored 5-hydroxytryptamine and nitric oxide levels. Moreover, the mitochondrial energy metabolism and the biogenesis of mitochondria were preserved by valproate in nitroglycerin-treated rats. Conclusions The protective effect of valproate against migraine may be achieved through the modulation of mitochondrial biogenesis and function. Our study provides evidence for the potential use of valproate in the treatment of migraine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruxian Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yushuang Liu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Heilongjiang Provincial Hospital, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yitong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Ge Song
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Zhongling Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China (mainland)
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