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Maitra S, Mukerjee N, Alharbi HM, Ghosh A, Alexiou A, Thorat ND. Targeted therapies for HPV-associated cervical cancer: Harnessing the potential of exosome-based chipsets in combating leukemia and HPV-mediated cervical cancer. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29596. [PMID: 38590017 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes play a crucial role in intercellular communication and have emerged as significant vehicles for transporting disease-specific biomarkers. This feature provides profound insights into the progression of diseases and the responses of patients to treatments. For example, in leukemia, exosomes convey critical information through the carriage of specific proteins and nucleic acids. In the case of human papillomavirus (HPV)-mediated cervical cancer, exosomes are particularly useful for noninvasive detection as they transport high-risk HPV DNA and specific biomolecules, which can be indicators of the disease. Despite their vast potential, there are several challenges associated with the use of exosomes in medical diagnostics. These include their inherent heterogeneity, the need for enhanced sensitivity in detection methods, the establishment of standardization protocols, and the requirement for cost-effective scalability in their application. Addressing these challenges is crucial for the effective implementation of exosome-based diagnostics. Future research and development are geared towards overcoming these obstacles. Efforts are concentrated on refining the processes of biomarker discovery, establishing comprehensive regulatory frameworks, developing convenient point-of-care devices, exploring methods for multimodal detection, and conducting extensive clinical trials. The ultimate goal of these efforts is to inaugurate a new era of precision diagnostics within healthcare. This would significantly improve patient outcomes and reduce the burden of diseases such as leukemia and HPV-mediated cervical cancer. The integration of exosomes with cutting-edge technology holds the promise of significantly reinforcing the foundations of healthcare, leading to enhanced diagnostic accuracy, better disease monitoring, and more personalized therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swastika Maitra
- Department of Microbiology, Adamas University, Kolkata, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India
- Department of Health Sciences, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, Tripura University (A Central University), Suryamaninagar, Tripura, India
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, New South Wales, Australia
- AFNP, Med, Wein, Austria
| | - Nanasaheb D Thorat
- Department of Physics, Bernal Institute and Limerick Digital Cancer Research Centre (LDCRC), University of Limerick, Castletroy, Limerick, Ireland
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Elbeltagi S, Saeedi AM, Eldin ZE, Alfassam HE, Alharbi HM, Madkhali N, Shakor ABA, El-Aal MA. Biosynthesis, characterization, magnetic hyperthermia, and in vitro toxicity evaluation of quercetin-loaded magnetoliposome lipid bilayer hybrid system on MCF-7 breast cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2024; 1868:130543. [PMID: 38103758 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2023.130543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Novel biocompatible and effective hyperthermia (HT) treatment materials for breast cancer therapeutic have recently attracting researchers, because of their effective ablation of cancer cells and negligible damage to healthy cells. Magnetoliposome (MLs) have numerous possibilities for utilize in cancer treatment, including smart drug delivery (SDD) mediated through alternating magnetic fields (AMF). In this work, magnesium ferrite (MgFe2O4) encapsulated with liposomes lipid bilayer (MLs), Quercetin (Q)-loaded MgFe2O4@Liposomes (Q-MLs) nano-hybrid system were successfully synthesized for magnetic hyperthermia (MHT) and SDD applications. The hybrid system was well-investigated by different techniques using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), Vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), and Zeta Potential (ZP). The characterization results confirmed the improving quercetin-loading on the MLs surface. TEM analysis indicated the synthesized MgFe2O4, MLs, and Q-MLs were spherical with an average size of 23.7, 35.5, and 329.5 nm, respectively. The VSM results revealed that the MgFe2O4 exhibit excellent and effective saturation magnetization (MS) (40.5 emu/g). Quercetin drug loading and entrapment efficiency were found to be equal to 2.1 ± 0.1% and 42.3 ± 2.2%, respectively. The in-vitro Q release from Q-loaded MLs was found 40.2% at pH 5.1 and 69.87% at pH 7.4, verifying the Q-loading pH sensitivity. The MLs and Q-MLs hybrid system as MHT agents exhibit specific absorption rate (SAR) values of 197 and 205 W/g, correspondingly. Furthermore, the Q-MLs cytotoxicity was studied on the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line, and the obtained data demonstrated that the Q-MLs have a high cytotoxicity effect compared to MLs and free Q.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shehab Elbeltagi
- Department of Physics-Biophysics, Faculty of Science, New Valley University, New Valley 72511, Egypt.
| | - Ahmad M Saeedi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Applied Science, Umm AL-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zienab E Eldin
- Center for Material Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 6th of October, 12578 Giza, Egypt; Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Material Science and nanotechnology epartment, (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Haifa E Alfassam
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nawal Madkhali
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMISU), Riyadh 11623, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Abd El-Aal
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, 71516 Assiut, Egypt
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Alharbi HM, Alqahtani T, Alamri AH, Kumarasamy V, Subramaniyan V, Babu KS. Nanotechnological synergy of mangiferin and curcumin in modulating PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway: a novel front in ovarian cancer precision therapeutics. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1276209. [PMID: 38239204 PMCID: PMC10794632 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1276209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Ovarian cancer, colloquially termed the "silent killer" among gynecological malignancies, remains elusive due to its often-asymptomatic progression and diagnostic challenges. Central to its pathogenesis is the overactive PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway, responsible for various cellular functions, from proliferation to survival. Within this context, the phytochemical compounds mangiferin (derived from Mangifera indica) and curcumin (from Curcuma longa) stand out for their potential modulatory effects. However, their inherent bioavailability challenges necessitate innovative delivery systems to maximize therapeutic benefits. Objective: This study seeks to synergize the merits of nanotechnology with the therapeutic properties of mangiferin and curcumin, aiming to bolster their efficacy against ovarian cancer. Methods: Employing specific nanotechnological principles, we engineered exosomal and liposomal nano-carriers for mangiferin and curcumin, targeting the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway. Molecular docking techniques mapped the interactions of these phytochemicals with key proteins in the pathway, analyzing their binding efficiencies. Furthermore, molecular dynamics simulations, spanning 100 nanoseconds, verified these interactions, with additional computational methodologies further validating our findings. The rationale for the 100 nanoseconds time span lies in its sufficiency to observe meaningful protein-ligand interactions and conformational changes. Notably, liposomal technology provided an enhancement in drug delivery by protecting these compounds from degradation, allowing controlled release, and improving cellular uptake. Results: Our computational investigations demonstrated notable binding affinities of mangiferin and curcumin: PI3K at -11.20 kcal/mol, Akt at -15.16 kcal/mol, and mTOR at -10.24 kcal/mol. The adoption of exosome/liposome-mediated delivery significantly amplified the bioavailability and cellular uptake of these nano-formulated compounds, positioning them as potential stalwarts in ovarian cancer intervention. A brief explanation of exosome/liposome-mediated delivery involves the use of these vesicles to encapsulate and transport therapeutic agents directly to the target cells, enhancing drug delivery efficiency and minimizing side effects. Conclusion: Addressing ovarian cancer's intricacies, dominated by the erratic PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling, mandates innovative therapeutic strategies. Our pioneering approach converges nanotechnological liposomal delivery with mangiferin and curcumin's natural efficacies. This confluence, validated by computational insights, heralds a paradigm shift in ovarian cancer treatment. As our findings underscore the collaborative potential of these phytochemicals, it beckons further exploration in translational studies and clinical applications, ensuring the best intersection of nature and technology for therapeutic advantage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan M. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutical sciences, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali H. Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vinoth Kumarasamy
- Department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K. Suresh Babu
- Department of Biochemistry, Symbiosis Medical College for Women, Symbiosis International (Deemed University), Pune, India
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Debnath S, Alqahtani T, Alqahtani A, Alharbi HM, Akash S. Lupenone, a wonder chemical obtained from Euphorbia segetalis to boost affinity for the transcriptional factor escalating drought-tolerance in Solanum Lycopersicum: A cutting-edge computational biology approach. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0281293. [PMID: 37939107 PMCID: PMC10631687 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0281293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is the single greatest abiotic factor influencing crop yield worldwide. Plants remain in one area for extended periods, making them vulnerable to natural and man-made influences. Understanding plant drought responses will help us develop strategies for breeding drought-resistant crops. Large proteome analysis revealed that leaf and root tissue proteins respond to drought differently depending on the plant's genotype. Commonly known as tomatoes, Solanum Lycopersicum is a globally important vegetable crop. However, drought stress is one of the most significant obstacles to tomato production, making the development of cultivars adapted to dry conditions an essential goal of agricultural biotechnology. Breeders have put quite a lot of time and effort into the tomato to increase its productivity, adaptability, and resistance to biotic and abiotic challenges. However, conventional tomato breeding has only improved drought resistance due to the complexity of drought traits. The resilience of tomatoes under drought stress has been the subject of extensive study. Using contemporary sequencing approaches like genomics, transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics has dramatically aided in discovering drought-responsive genes. One of the most prominent families of plant transcription factors, WRKY genes, plays a crucial role in plant growth and development in response to natural and abiotic stimuli. To develop plants that can withstand both biotic and abiotic stress, understanding the relationships between WRKY-proteins (transcription factors) and other proteins and ligands in plant cells is essential. This is despite the fact that tomatoes have a long history of domestication. This research aims to utilize Lupenone, a hormone produced in plant roots in response to stress, to increase drought resistance in plants. Lupenone exhibits a strong affinity for the WRKY protein at -9.64 kcal/mol. Molecular docking and modeling studies show that these polyphenols have a significant role in making Solanum Lycopersicum drought-resistant and improving the quality of its fruit. As a result of climate change, droughts are occurring more frequently and persisting for more extended periods, making it necessary to breed crops resistant to drought. While considerable variability for tolerance exists in wild cousins, little is known about the processes and essential genes influencing drought tolerance in cultivated tomato species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shopnil Akash
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Ashulia, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Shafique U, Din FU, Sohail S, Batool S, Almari AH, Lahiq AA, Fatease AA, Alharbi HM. Quality by design for sumatriptan loaded nano-ethosomal mucoadhesive gel for the therapeutic management of nitroglycerin induced migraine. Int J Pharm 2023; 646:123480. [PMID: 37797784 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Migraine is a progressive neurological condition often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Various drugs have recently been used in the treatment of migraine, including sumatriptan (SUT). However, SUT has poor pharmacological effects mainly due to its reduced permeability, blood brain barrier (BBB) effect, half-life and bioavailability. Herein, we developed SUT loaded nano-ethosomes (SUT-NEs) for intranasal (IN) delivery, after their incorporation into chitosan based mucoadhesive gel (SUT-NEsG). The observed mean particle size of SUT-NEs was 109.45 ± 4.03 nm with spherical morphology, mono dispersion (0.191 ± 0.001), negatively charged (-20.90 ± 1.98 mV) and with excellent entrapment efficiency (96.90 ± 1.85 %). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra have depicted the compatibility of the components. Moreover, SUT-NEsG was homogeneous having suitable viscosity and mucoadhesive strength. In vitro release and ex vivo permeation analysis showed sustained release and improved permeation of the SUT-NEsG, respectively. Additionally, histopathological studies of nasal membrane affirmed the safety of SUT-NEsG after IN application. In vivo pharmacokinetic study demonstrated improved brain bioavailability of SUT-NEsG as compared to orally administered sumatriptan solution (SUT-SL). Furthermore, significantly enhanced pharmacological effect of SUT-NEsG was observed in behavioral and biochemical analysis, immunohistochemistry for NF-κB, and enzyme linked immuno assay (ELISA) for IL-1β and TNF-α in Nitroglycerin (NTG) induced migraine model. It can be concluded that migraine may be successfully managed through IN application of SUT-NEsG owing to the direct targeted delivery to the brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uswa Shafique
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Fakhar Ud Din
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Saba Sohail
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sibgha Batool
- Nanomedicine Research Group, Department of Pharmacy Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320 Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ali H Almari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Lahiq
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66262, Saudi Arabi
| | - Adel Al Fatease
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
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Elkholy SE, Maher SA, Abd El-Hamid NR, Elsayed HA, Hassan WA, Abdelmaogood AKK, Hussein SM, Jaremko M, Alshawwa SZ, Alharbi HM, Imbaby S. The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics and azithromycin in dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via TLR4-NF-κB and p38-MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115005. [PMID: 37327586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic autoimmune disease of the gut with a relapsing and remitting nature, considers a major health-care problem. DSS is a well-studied pharmacologically-induced model for UC. Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and its close association with p-38-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (p-38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has important regulatory roles in inflammation and developing UC. Probiotics are gaining popularity for their potential in UC therapy. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of azithromycin in UC remains a knowledge need. In the present rats-established UC, the therapeutic roles of oral probiotics (60 billion probiotic bacteria per kg per day) and azithromycin (40 mg per kg per day) regimens were evaluated by measuring changes in disease activity index, macroscopic damage index, oxidative stress markers, TLR4, p-38 MAPK, NF-κB signaling pathway in addition to their molecular downstream; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL10 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). After individual and combination therapy with probiotics and azithromycin regimens, the histological architecture of the UC improved with restoration of intestinal tissue normal architecture. These findings were consistent with the histopathological score of colon tissues. Each separate regimen lowered the remarkable TLR4, p-38 MAPK, iNOS, NF-κB as well as TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and MDA expressions and elevated the low IL10, glutathione and superoxide dismutase expressions in UC tissues. The combination regimen possesses the most synergistic beneficial effects in UC that, following thorough research, should be incorporated into the therapeutic approach in UC to boost the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen E Elkholy
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Ahmad Maher
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noura R Abd El-Hamid
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Genetics unit, Histology and cell biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Heba A Elsayed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdou Hassan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Al Bukayriyah 52726, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa K K Abdelmaogood
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar M Hussein
- Physiology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Imbaby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Singhal S, Kumar U, Alqahtani T, Vladimirovich Rzhepakovsk I, Khandia R, Pandey M, Alqahtani S, M Alharbi H, Amjad Kamal M. An Insight into Codon Pattern Analysis of Autophagy Genes Associated with Virus Infection Rk. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:1105-1120. [PMID: 37073656 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230418093308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
AIM Apoptosis and autophagy are the two fundamental processes involved in maintaining homeostasis, and a common stimulus may initiate the processes. Autophagy has been implicated in various diseases, including viral infections. Genetic manipulations leading to altered gene expression might be a strategy to check virus infection. INTRODUCTION Determination of molecular patterns, relative synonymous codon usage, codon preference, codon bias, codon pair bias, and rare codons so that genetic manipulation of autophagy genes may be done to curb viral infection. METHOD Using various software, algorithms, and statistical analysis, insights into codon patterns were obtained. A total of 41 autophagy genes were envisaged as they are involved in virus infection. RESULT The A/T and G/C ending codons are preferred by different genes. AAA-GAA and CAG-CTG codon pairs are the most abundant codon pairs. CGA, TCG, CCG, and GCG are rarely used codons. CONCLUSION The information generated in the present study helps manipulate the gene expression level of virus infection-associated autophagy genes through gene modification tools like CRISPR. Codon deoptimization for reducing while codon pair optimization for enhancing is efficacious for HO-1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailja Singhal
- Barkatullah University Department of Biochemistry and Genetics Bhopal India
| | - Utsang Kumar
- Barkatullah University Department of Biochemistry and Genetics Bhopal India
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- King Khalid University 2. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, 62529 Abh? Saudi Arabia
| | - Igor Vladimirovich Rzhepakovsk
- North-Caucasus Federal University 3. Medical and Biological Faculty, North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Stavropol Russian Federation
| | - Rekha Khandia
- Barkatullah University 1. Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Barkatullah University, Bhopal 462026, India Bhopal India
| | - Megha Pandey
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal Translational Medicine Center, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, 462020 Bhopal India
| | - Saud Alqahtani
- King Khalid University 5. Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421 Abh? Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Umm al-Qura University 6. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955 Makkah al Mukarramah Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- King Abdul Aziz University Hospital 8. King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia
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Alharbi HM, Alqahtani T, Batubara A, Alshaer A, Alqurashi B, Bahwairth L, Khawaji H, Almohammadi AM. Enhancing the Dissolution of Oral Dasatinib Tablets Using Zein–Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Solid Dispersions. Int J Pharm Res Allied Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.51847/crbi2n6klg] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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Srivastava S, Alharbi HM, Alharbi AS, Soliman M, Eldwakhly E, Abdelhafeez MM. Assessment of the Proximity of the Inferior Alveolar Canal with the Mandibular Root Apices and Cortical Plates-A Retrospective Cone Beam Computed Tomographic Analysis. J Pers Med 2022; 12:jpm12111784. [PMID: 36579488 PMCID: PMC9694589 DOI: 10.3390/jpm12111784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Various endodontic interventions often lead to iatrogenic damage to the inferior alveolar nerve present in the inferior alveolar canal (IAC). The purpose of the present study was to analyze the relationships of IAC with the root apices of mandibular teeth and with the mandibular cortical plates. MATERIALS 116 cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans were examined and the shortest distance of IAC with the root apices of mandibular canines, premolars and molars, and with cortical plates was analyzed. The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS. RESULTS The shortest mean distance between IAC and lingual cortical plate (LCP) was found in the third molar area, and between IAC and buccal cortical plate (BCP) in the second premolar area. A high incidence of 60% direct communication (DC) was present in mandibular second molars; 38% in mandibular third molars; 13% in mandibular second premolars; 12% in mandibular first molars; and 1% in mandibular first premolars. CONCLUSION Anteriorly, IAC was found to be significantly present in close approximation to the roots of mandibular canines. Posteriorly, IAC was found to be in significant proximity to the distal roots of mandibular second molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Srivastava
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M. Alharbi
- General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Afnan S. Alharbi
- General Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mai Soliman
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +966-536208826
| | - Elzahraa Eldwakhly
- Department of Clinical Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal M. Abdelhafeez
- Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Qassim University, Buraydah 51452, Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Dentistry, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts, Giza 12451, Egypt
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Alqahtani T, Parveen S, Alghazwani Y, Alharbi HM, Gahtani RM, Hussain N, Rehman KU, Hussain M. Pharmacological Validation for the Folklore Use of Ipomoea nil against Asthma: In Vivo and In Vitro Evaluation. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144653. [PMID: 35889525 PMCID: PMC9324646 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is the key factor that strengthens free radical generation which stimulates lung inflammation. The aim was to explore antioxidant, bronchodilatory along with anti-asthmatic potential of folkloric plants and the aqueous methanolic crude extract of Ipomoea nil (In.Cr) seeds which may demonstrate as more potent, economically affordable, having an improved antioxidant profile and providing evidence as exclusive therapeutic agents in respiratory pharmacology. In vitro antioxidant temperament was executed by DPPH, TFC, TPC and HPLC in addition to enzyme inhibition (cholinesterase) analysis; a bronchodilator assay on rabbit’s trachea as well as in vivo OVA-induced allergic asthmatic activity was performed on mice. In vitro analysis of 1,1-Diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) expressed as % inhibition 86.28 ± 0.25 with IC50 17.22 ± 0.56 mol/L, TPC 115.5 ± 1.02 mg GAE/g of dry sample, TFC 50.44 ± 1.06 mg QE/g dry weight of sample, inhibition in cholinesterase levels for acetyl and butyryl with IC50 (0.60 ± 0.67 and 1.5 ± 0.04 mol/L) in comparison with standard 0.06 ± 0.002 and 0.30 ± 0.003, respectively, while HPLC characterization of In.Cr confirmed the existence with identification as well as quantification of various polyphenolics and flavonoids i.e., gallic acid, vanillic acid, chlorogenic acid, quercetin, kaempferol and others. However, oral gavage of In.Cr at different doses in rabbits showed a better brochodilation profile as compared to carbachol and K+-induced bronchospasm. More significant (p < 0.01) reduction in OVA-induced allergic hyper-responses i.e., inflammatory cells grade, antibody IgE as well as altered IFN-α in airways were observed at three different doses of In.Cr. It can be concluded that sound mechanistic basis i.e., the existence of antioxidants: various phenolic and flavonoids, calcium antagonist(s) as well as enzymes’ inhibition profile, validates folkloric consumptions of this traditionally used plant to treat ailments of respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Sajida Parveen
- Faculty of Pharmacy, TheIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (S.P.); (K.u.R.)
| | - Yahia Alghazwani
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia; (T.A.); (Y.A.)
| | - Hanan M. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm A-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Reem M. Gahtani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates;
| | - Kashif ur Rehman
- Faculty of Pharmacy, TheIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (S.P.); (K.u.R.)
| | - Musaddique Hussain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, TheIslamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan; (S.P.); (K.u.R.)
- Correspondence:
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11
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Hoor S, Hassan T, Barkatullah, Khalid S, Akhtar N, Al-Qahtani A, Aldahish A, Alqahtani T, Alharbi HM, Gahtani RM. GC-MS analysis of Taraxacum officinale flowers and investigation of antimicrobial, anti-pellicle & anti-biofilm activities. MGC 2022. [DOI: 10.3233/mgc-210133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Plants synthesize large amount of useful and complex products which have no obvious metabolic and growth functions. These complex materials are said to be as secondary metabolites—phytochemicals which are plants active compounds possessing the potential to inhibit diseases. The purpose of the recent study was to investigate the pharmaceutical values of the flowers of Taraxacum officinale, for antimicrobial, anti-pellicle and anti-biofilm properties. Metanolic extracts with chloroform and n-hexane fractions against selected different bacterial (E.coli, P.aeruginosa, S.aureus, S.typhi) and fungal (F.oxysporum, A.niger, A.alternata, A.Terreus) strains were tested and GC-MS, FTIR and HPLC techniques, for detection of various secondary metabolites which are responsible for these activities, were performed. In antimicrobial assay, the result of the methanolic extract and fractions of the flowers was found to be effective against the tested bacterial and fungal strains. The GC-MS and FTIR analysis of chloroform fractions of T. officinale flowers reported the presence of a wide range of phytochemicals and secondery metabolites liable for the biological activities that can be purified in future for the synthesis of noval improved and valuable pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumail Hoor
- Department of Microbiology, Women University Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Tahira Hassan
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Barkatullah
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Shah Khalid
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Department of Botany, Islamia College Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Ali Al-Qahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, Collage of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Afaf Aldahish
- Department of Pharmacology, Collage of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Taha Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmacology, Collage of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reem M. Gahtani
- Clinical laboratories, School of Applied Medicine Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Asir, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Aijaz MO, Karim MR, Omar NMA, Othman MHD, Wahab MA, Akhtar Uzzaman M, Alharbi HM, Wazeer I. Recent Progress, Challenges, and Opportunities of Membrane Distillation for Heavy Metals Removal. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202100323. [PMID: 35258163 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Water is essential for the presence of life on this earth. However, water contamination due to the presence of heavy/toxic metals is one of the serious environmental issues for living beings. Several methods have been devoted to separating or removing those heavy metals from wastewater. Among them, membrane distillation (MD) has become one of the most attractive approaches due to its higher rejection rate than processes driven by pressure, lower energy consumption than traditional distillation processes. MD has gained significant attention for removing heavy metals than other techniques like ion exchange and adsorption in the last two decades. This review provides insight knowledge to the reader and focuses on how heavy metals impact humans and the environment, sources of heavy metals, current and especially removal methods using the MD method. Moreover, recent studies, challenges, and opportunities on MD membrane modules and heavy metal removal systems are discussed. More importantly, in this review, we have identified the gaps and opportunities that are required for enhancing the MD approach and its practical suitability for heavy metal removals. MD module and system showed high performance, proving their possible applications to remove heavy metal ions in water/wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- M O Aijaz
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.,Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M R Karim
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.,K.A.CARE Energy Research and Innovation Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - N M A Omar
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M H D Othman
- Advanced Membrane Technology Research Centre (AMTEC), School of Chemical and Energy Engineering (SCEE), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia
| | - M A Wahab
- Institute for Advanced Study, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, China.,School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, 2 George St Brisbane, GPO Box 2434, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, 4001
| | - M Akhtar Uzzaman
- Solar Energy Research Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, UKM, Bangi, 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - H M Alharbi
- Center of Excellence for Research in Engineering Materials (CEREM), Deanship of Scientific Research (DSR), King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.,Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia
| | - I Wazeer
- Chemical Engineering Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 800, Riyadh, 11421, Saudi Arabia.,Chemical Engineering Department, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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13
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Abo-Elghiet F, Alharbi HM, Temraz A. Natural Products and Their Promise Against COVID 19: Review. CNF 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573401317666210922162617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Since the beginning of medical history, plants have been exemplary
sources of a variety of pharmacological compounds that are still used in modern medication.
Respiratory infections are a serious and persistent global health problem, most acute and
chronic respiratory infections are caused by viruses, whose ability to mutate rapidly may result
in epidemics and pandemics, as seen recently with MERS-COV (2012) and SARS-COV-2
(2019), the latter causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).
Methods:
This study aims to highlight the tremendous benefits of plants that have been widely
used as dietary supplements or traditional treatment for various respiratory infections, with a
focus on the most effective constituents and studies that revealed their activities against
COVID-19.
Results:
Several traditional plants and their phytoconstituents have shown activity against respiratory
viruses, including SARS-COV-2. The presented plants are Nigella sativa, Punica
granatum, Panax ginseng, Withania somnifera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Curcuma longa, Zingiber
officinale, Camellia sinensis, Echinacea purpurea, Strobilanthes cusia, Stephania tetrandra,
and genus Sambucus.
Conclusion:
The data discussed in this review can encourage carrying out in-vivo studies that
may help in the discovery of herbal leads that can be feasibly used to alleviate, prevent or treat
COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Abo-Elghiet
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. Alharbi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abeer Temraz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy for Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Alharbi HM, Campbell RB. Nano-formulations composed of cell membrane-specific cellular lipid extracts derived from target cells: physicochemical characterization and in vitro evaluation using cellular models of breast carcinoma. AAPS Open 2018. [DOI: 10.1186/s41120-018-0025-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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15
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Alharbi HM, Campbell RB. Abstract 4666: An evaluation of breast cancer cellular membrane lipid-extracted nanoliposomes (CLENs) in relation to formulation design, stability, mechanism of cellular entry and cardioprotective function in vitro. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2018-4666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
One of the longstanding issues limiting the use of chemotherapeutic agents is the lack of tumor specificity, which leads to systemic toxicity. Therefore, various targeted nanocarriers have been developed to concentrate the cytotoxic drug agents at tumor regions to avoid uptake by normal healthy tissues. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that cell membrane lipid-extracted nanoliposomes (CLENs) are capable of selective targeting compared to nanoliposomes consisting of mainly conventional lipid materials. Also, CLENs were relatively nontoxic when employed at concentrations traditionally used to evaluate nanoparticles in vitro. However, parameters such as lipid composition, size, and surface charge all have a direct impact on liposomal cellular uptake. In this study, we prepared different CLENs different molar ratios of natural and cellular-derived lipids extracted directly from breast cancer cells (4T1), cholesterol, and DPPE-PEG-5000. The formulations were used to investigate the mechanisms of CLENs uptake and determine the underlying mechanisms regulating cellular entry. In the study, CLENs were used to evaluate cytotoxicity and cellular uptake for both target and off-target cell populations. CLENs containing cholesterol and DPPE-PEG-5000 (70/25/5) were able to retain doxorubicin in relevant therapeutic concentrations. CLEN formulations were able to exert selective cytotoxic drug effects against different target breast cancer cells in vitro. 4T1 CLENs containing cholesterol and DPPE-PEG-5000 (70/25/5) demonstrated greater binding to 4T1 (target) cells compared to CLENs prepared using 4T1 lipid extracts alone. The binding was not only temperature- and time-dependent, but also composition- and cell type-dependent. Off-target effect studies showed that 4T1 CLENs were taken up minimally by off-target cells (including normal breast fibroblasts and normal myocytes), compared to controls. Our studies collectively support the use of lipid extracts derived from target cells for selective drug targeting and enhanced cytotoxicity. Future studies will explore underlying mechanisms of cellular entry and cardioprotective function.
Citation Format: Hanan M. Alharbi, Robert B. Campbell. An evaluation of breast cancer cellular membrane lipid-extracted nanoliposomes (CLENs) in relation to formulation design, stability, mechanism of cellular entry and cardioprotective function in vitro [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2018; 2018 Apr 14-18; Chicago, IL. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 4666.
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Alharbi HM, Campbell RB. Abstract 5513: Employing a unique panel of breast cancer cellular lipids extracts in the development of a novel nanoliposome drug platform. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-5513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Breast cancer is a major cause of cancer death in women worldwide. Breast cancer is a heterogeneous disease characterized by variant pathological features, disparate responses to therapeutics, and substantial differences in patient's long-term survival. The use of drug delivery systems such as liposomes can favorably alter the pharmacokinetic and biodistribution profile of commonly used drugs used to treat breast cancer disease.
An important feature of a drug delivery system is its ability to recognize and selectively target tumor cells with relatively high affinity when compared to healthy tissues. For this reason, the goal of this study was to develop a novel nanoliposome system that would target tumor cells to a significantly greater extent when compared to more conventional liposome systems. In this study, natural lipids extracted directly from breast cancer cells were used to prepare cellular lipid-extracted nanoliposomes (CLENs). The rationale is that an array of different lipids with a unique composition profile would represent a more relevant source of lipid material when compared to more traditional methods of liposome preparation. We therefore investigated whether the inclusion of extracted lipids derived from breast cancer cells would improve the selective uptake of liposomes by breast cancer cells, and related formulation features. To achieve these goals, three breast cancer cell lines were used (4T1, BT-20, and SK-BR-3), a normal breast fibroblast (CRL-2089), and an ovarian cancer cell line (SK-OV-3- used as a negative control).
The size of CLENs fell within the size range of 120- 203 nm and possessed a negatively-charged liposome surface charge potential (ranging between -10.97 and -20.97 mV). The nanoliposomes were also non-toxic to cells within the concentration range evaluated (up to 1μmol). Furthermore, without exception, the cellular uptake of CLENs was greatest when the extracted material used to prepare CLENs was the same as the target cell from which the lipids were extracted. In addition, when the breast cancer cell lines (4T1, SK-BR-3 and BT-20) were used to prepare CLENs, SK-OV-3 and CRL-2089 cell lines took up CLENs to a lesser extent, suggesting a more selective and differential cellular uptake.
In conclusion, the novel nanoliposome platform represents a promising drug delivery alternative to more conventional nano drug delivery systems. Additional formulation studies are currently underway.
Citation Format: Hanan M. Alharbi, Robert B. Campbell. Employing a unique panel of breast cancer cellular lipids extracts in the development of a novel nanoliposome drug platform. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 5513. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-5513
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