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Ahmed R, Zaitone SA, Abdelmaogood AKK, Atef HM, Soliman MFM, Badawy AM, Ali HS, Zaid A, Mokhtar HI, Elabbasy LM, Kandil E, Yosef AM, Mahran RI. Chemotherapeutic potential of betanin/capecitabine combination targeting colon cancer: experimental and bioinformatic studies exploring NFκB and cyclin D1 interplay. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1362739. [PMID: 38645563 PMCID: PMC11026609 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1362739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Betanin (C₂₄H₂₆N₂O₁₃) is safe to use as food additives approved by the FDA with anti-inflammatory and anticancer effects in many types of cancer cell lines. The current experiment was designed to test the chemotherapeutic effect of the combination of betanin with the standard chemotherapeutic agent, capecitabine, against chemically induced colon cancer in mice. Methods: Bioinformatic approach was designed to get information about the possible mechanisms through which the drugs may control cancer development. Five groups of mice were assigned as, (i) saline, (ii) colon cancer, (iii) betanin, (iv) capecitabine and (v) betanin/capecitabine. Drugs were given orally for a period of six weeks. Colon tissues were separated and used for biological assays and histopathology. Results: In addition, the mRNA expression of TNF-α (4.58-fold), NFκB (5.33-fold), IL-1β (4.99-fold), cyclin D1 (4.07-fold), and IL-6 (3.55-fold) and protein levels showed several folds increases versus the saline group. Tumor histopathology scores in the colon cancer group (including cryptic distortion and hyperplasia) and immunostaining for NFκB (2.94-fold) were high while periodic-acid Schiff staining demonstrated poor mucin content (33% of the saline group). These pathologic manifestations were reduced remarkably in betanin/capecitabine group. Conclusion: Collectively, our findings demonstrated the usefulness of betanin/capecitabine combination in targeting colon cancer and highlighted that betanin is a promising adjuvant therapy to capecitabine in treating colon cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehab Ahmed
- Department of Natural Products and Alternative Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Sawsan A. Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | | | - Huda M. Atef
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mona F. M. Soliman
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Horus University, New Damiettta, Egypt
| | - Alaa M. Badawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Howaida S. Ali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - AbdelNaser Zaid
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hatem I. Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University-Kantara Branch, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Lamiaa M. Elabbasy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad Kandil
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa Mokhtar Yosef
- PharmD Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rama I. Mahran
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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Mohammad HMF, Eladl MA, Abdelmaogood AKK, Elshaer RE, Ghanam W, Elaskary A, Saleh MAK, Eltrawy AH, Ali SK, Moursi SMM, Bilasy SE, Zaitone SA, Alzlaiq WA, Atteya H. Protective Effect of Topiramate against Diabetic Retinopathy and Computational Approach Recognizing the Role of NLRP3/IL-1β/TNF-α Signaling. Biomedicines 2023; 11:3202. [PMID: 38137423 PMCID: PMC10741203 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11123202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The possible impact of topiramate against diabetic retinopathy (DREN) and its molecular mechanisms in relation to the nod-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome has not been studied before. Thus, in the present study, we aimed to utilize a computational approach to investigate the possible protective effect of topiramate on experimental DREN and explore its impact on NLRP3/interlukin-1β signaling and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) expression. Male albino mice were distributed to four experimental groups and assigned the following categorizations: (i) saline, (ii) diabetic, (iii) diabetic + topiramate 10 mg/kg and (iv) diabetic + topiramate 30 mg/kg. We observed shrinkage of total retinal thickness and elevation in retinal glutamate, malondialdehyde, NLRP3 and interlukin-1β but decreased glutathione (GSH) levels in the diabetic mice. Additionally, retinal ultra-structures in the diabetic group showed abnormalities and vacuolations in the pigmented epithelium, the photoreceptor segment, the outer nuclear layer, the inner nuclear layer and the ganglion cell layer (GCL). Mice treated with topiramate 10 or 30 mg/kg showed downregulation in retinal malondialdehyde, NLRP3 and interlukin-1β levels; improvements in the retinal pathologies; enhanced immunostaining for BDNF and improved ultra-structures in different retinal layers. Overall, the current results suggest topiramate as a neuroprotective agent for DREN, and future studies are warranted to further elucidate the mechanism of its protective action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala M. F. Mohammad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ahmed Eladl
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Asmaa K. K. Abdelmaogood
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Rabie E. Elshaer
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Walaa Ghanam
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez University, Suez 43533, Egypt
| | - Abdelhakeem Elaskary
- Ophthalmology Department, Al-Azher Asyut Faculty of Medicine for Men, Asyut 71524, Egypt (M.A.K.S.)
| | - Mohamed A. K. Saleh
- Ophthalmology Department, Al-Azher Asyut Faculty of Medicine for Men, Asyut 71524, Egypt (M.A.K.S.)
| | - Amira H. Eltrawy
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21526, Egypt
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar K. Ali
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Suzan M. M. Moursi
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shymaa E. Bilasy
- College of Dental Medicine, California Northstate University, 9700 Taron Dr., Elk Grove, CA 95757, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Sawsan A. Zaitone
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Wafa Ali Alzlaiq
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hayam Atteya
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo 11835, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
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Elkholy SE, Maher SA, Abd El-Hamid NR, Elsayed HA, Hassan WA, Abdelmaogood AKK, Hussein SM, Jaremko M, Alshawwa SZ, Alharbi HM, Imbaby S. The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics and azithromycin in dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via TLR4-NF-κB and p38-MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115005. [PMID: 37327586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic autoimmune disease of the gut with a relapsing and remitting nature, considers a major health-care problem. DSS is a well-studied pharmacologically-induced model for UC. Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and its close association with p-38-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (p-38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has important regulatory roles in inflammation and developing UC. Probiotics are gaining popularity for their potential in UC therapy. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of azithromycin in UC remains a knowledge need. In the present rats-established UC, the therapeutic roles of oral probiotics (60 billion probiotic bacteria per kg per day) and azithromycin (40 mg per kg per day) regimens were evaluated by measuring changes in disease activity index, macroscopic damage index, oxidative stress markers, TLR4, p-38 MAPK, NF-κB signaling pathway in addition to their molecular downstream; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL10 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). After individual and combination therapy with probiotics and azithromycin regimens, the histological architecture of the UC improved with restoration of intestinal tissue normal architecture. These findings were consistent with the histopathological score of colon tissues. Each separate regimen lowered the remarkable TLR4, p-38 MAPK, iNOS, NF-κB as well as TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and MDA expressions and elevated the low IL10, glutathione and superoxide dismutase expressions in UC tissues. The combination regimen possesses the most synergistic beneficial effects in UC that, following thorough research, should be incorporated into the therapeutic approach in UC to boost the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen E Elkholy
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Ahmad Maher
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noura R Abd El-Hamid
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Genetics unit, Histology and cell biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Heba A Elsayed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdou Hassan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Al Bukayriyah 52726, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa K K Abdelmaogood
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar M Hussein
- Physiology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Imbaby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Imbaby S, Elkholy SE, Faisal S, Abdelmaogood AKK, Mehana AE, Mansour BSA, Abd El-Moneam SM, Elaidy SM. The GSTP1/MAPKs/BIM/SMAC modulatory actions of nitazoxanide: Bioinformatics and experimental evidence in subcutaneous solid Ehrlich carcinoma-inoculated mice. Life Sci 2023; 319:121496. [PMID: 36822315 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Ehrlich ascites carcinoma and its subcutaneous inoculated solid tumour form (SEC) are reliable models for chemotherapeutic molecular targets exploration. Novel chemotherapeutic approaches are identified as molecular targets for intrinsic apoptosis, like the modulation of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (SMAC). SMAC is a physiological substrate of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). Glutathione-S-transferase P1 (GSTP1) and its close association with MAPKs play an important role in malignant cell proliferation, metastasis, and resistance to chemotherapeutics. Nitazoxanide (NTZ) is an emerging cancer therapy and its targeted GSTP1 evidence remains a knowledge need. MAIN METHODS In the present mice-established SEC, the chemotherapeutic roles of oral NTZ (200 mg/kg/day) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU; 20 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) regimens were evaluated by measuring changes in tumour mass, the tumour MAPKs, cytochrome c, Bcl-2 interacting mediator of cell death (BIM), and SMAC signalling pathway in addition to its molecular downstream; caspases 3 and 9. KEY FINDINGS Computational analysis for these target protein interactions showed direct-ordered interactions. After individual therapy with NTZ and 5-FU regimens, the histological architecture of the extracted tumour discs revealed decreases in viable tumour regions with significant necrosis surrounds. These findings were consistent with gross tumour sizes. Each separate regimen lowered the remarkable GSTP1 and elevated the low MAPKs expressions, cytochrome c, BIM, SMAC, and caspases 3, and 9 in EST tissues. SIGNIFICANCE The chemotherapeutic activity of NTZ in SEC was proven. Additionally, NTZ possesses a SMAC modulatory activity that, following thorough research, should be taken into consideration as a chemotherapeutic approach in solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar Imbaby
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Shereen E Elkholy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Salwa Faisal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K K Abdelmaogood
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Amir E Mehana
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Basma S A Mansour
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar M Abd El-Moneam
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samah M Elaidy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
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Abdallah HY, Fareed A, Abdelmaogood AKK, Allam S, Abdelgawad M, Deen LATE. Introducing Circulating Vasculature-Related Transcripts as Biomarkers in Coronary Artery Disease. Mol Diagn Ther 2023; 27:243-259. [PMID: 36538237 PMCID: PMC10008268 DOI: 10.1007/s40291-022-00622-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic plaque is considered the hallmark of atherosclerotic lesions in coronary atherosclerosis (CAS), the primary pathogenesis in coronary artery disease (CAD), which develops and progresses through a complex interplay between immune cells, vascular cells, and endothelial shear stresses. Early diagnosis of CAS is critical for avoiding plaque rupture and sudden death. Therefore, identifying new CAD biomarkers linked to vessel wall functions, such as RNA molecules with their distinct signature, is a promising development for these patients. With this rationale, the present study investigated the expression level of the vascular-related RNA transcripts (lncRNA ANRIL, miRNA-126-5p, CDK4, CDK6, TGF-β, E-cadherin, and TNF-α) implicated in the cellular vascular function, proliferation, and inflammatory processes. METHODS A case-control study design with a total of 180 subjects classified participants into two groups; CAD and control groups. The relative expression levels of the seven transcripts under study-selected using online bioinformatics tools and current literature-were assessed in the plasma of all study participants using RT-qPCR. Their predictive significance testing, scoring of disease prioritization, enrichment analysis, and the miRNA-mRNA regulatory network was investigated. RESULTS The relative expression levels of all seven of the circulating vascular-related transcripts under study were statistically significant between CAD patients and controls. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis results indicated the statistical significance of all the transcripts under study with CDK4 showing the highest area under the curve (AUC) equivalent to 0.91, followed by E-cadherin (0.90), miRNA-126-5p (0.83), ANRIL (0.82), TNF-α (0.63), TGF-β (0.62), and CDK6 (0.59), in descending order. A strong association was detected between most of the transcripts studied in CAD patients with a significant Spearman's correlation coefficient with a two-tailed significance of p < 0.001. Network analysis revealed a strong relationship between the five circulating vasculature transcripts studied and their target miRNAs and miR-126-5p, but not for ANRIL. CONCLUSION The seven circulating vascular-related RNA transcripts under study could serve as potential CAD biomarkers, reflecting the cellular vascular function, proliferation, and inflammatory processes in CAD patients. Therefore, blood transcriptome analysis opens new frontiers for the non-invasive diagnosis of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Y Abdallah
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt. .,Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
| | - Ahmed Fareed
- Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Asmaa K K Abdelmaogood
- Department of Clinical and Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Sahar Allam
- Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Mai Abdelgawad
- Biotechnology and Life Sciences Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences (PSAS), Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Loaa A Tag El Deen
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
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