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Elkholy SE, Maher SA, Abd El-Hamid NR, Elsayed HA, Hassan WA, Abdelmaogood AKK, Hussein SM, Jaremko M, Alshawwa SZ, Alharbi HM, Imbaby S. The immunomodulatory effects of probiotics and azithromycin in dextran sodium sulfate-induced ulcerative colitis in rats via TLR4-NF-κB and p38-MAPK pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115005. [PMID: 37327586 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC), a chronic autoimmune disease of the gut with a relapsing and remitting nature, considers a major health-care problem. DSS is a well-studied pharmacologically-induced model for UC. Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) and its close association with p-38-Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (p-38 MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) has important regulatory roles in inflammation and developing UC. Probiotics are gaining popularity for their potential in UC therapy. The immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory role of azithromycin in UC remains a knowledge need. In the present rats-established UC, the therapeutic roles of oral probiotics (60 billion probiotic bacteria per kg per day) and azithromycin (40 mg per kg per day) regimens were evaluated by measuring changes in disease activity index, macroscopic damage index, oxidative stress markers, TLR4, p-38 MAPK, NF-κB signaling pathway in addition to their molecular downstream; tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, IL10 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). After individual and combination therapy with probiotics and azithromycin regimens, the histological architecture of the UC improved with restoration of intestinal tissue normal architecture. These findings were consistent with the histopathological score of colon tissues. Each separate regimen lowered the remarkable TLR4, p-38 MAPK, iNOS, NF-κB as well as TNFα, IL1β, IL6 and MDA expressions and elevated the low IL10, glutathione and superoxide dismutase expressions in UC tissues. The combination regimen possesses the most synergistic beneficial effects in UC that, following thorough research, should be incorporated into the therapeutic approach in UC to boost the patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen E Elkholy
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Shymaa Ahmad Maher
- Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Noura R Abd El-Hamid
- Center of Excellence in Molecular and Cellular Medicine (CEMCM), Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Genetics unit, Histology and cell biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Heba A Elsayed
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Wael Abdou Hassan
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Sulaiman Alrajhi University, Al Bukayriyah 52726, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa K K Abdelmaogood
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Samar M Hussein
- Physiology Department, Faculty of medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mariusz Jaremko
- Smart-Health Initiative and Red Sea Research Center, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Zuhair Alshawwa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanan M Alharbi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samar Imbaby
- Clinical Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.
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Chauhan RK, Sharma PK, Srivastava S. Role of signaling pathway in biological cause of Rheumatoid arthritis. Curr Drug Res Rev 2020; 13:130-139. [PMID: 33172384 DOI: 10.2174/2589977512999201109215004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid Arthritis is a chronic progressive inflammatory auto-immune disease in which the immune system of the body attacks its cartilage and joints lining. It not only affects synovial joints but also many other sites including heart, blood vessels, and skins. It is more common in females than in males. The exact cause of rheumatoid arthritis is not well established but the hypothesis reported in the literature is that in the development stage of the disease, both genetics and environmental factors can play an inciting role. Along with these factors alteration in the normal physiology of enzymatic action, acts as a trigger to develop this condition. Numerous signaling pathways involved in the pathogenesis of Rheumatoid Arthritis involves activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase, kinases Janus family, P-38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Nuclear Factor-kappa B. Interleukin-1 to play a proinflammatory cytokine that plays an important role in inflammation in RA. These are also associated with an increase in neutrophil, macrophage and lymphocytic chemotaxis, mast cell degranulation, activation, maturation and survival of T-cells and B-cells activated. These signaling pathways also show that p38α downregulation in myeloid cells exacerbates the severity of symptoms of arthritis. Thus, present review carters about the detail of different signaling pathways and their role in rheumatoid arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Kumar Chauhan
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Science, Galgotias University, Plot N. 2, Sector 17- A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306,. India
| | - Pramod Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Science, Galgotias University, Plot N. 2, Sector 17- A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306,. India
| | - Shikha Srivastava
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Medical and Allied Science, Galgotias University, Plot N. 2, Sector 17- A, Yamuna Expressway, Gautam Buddha Nagar, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201306,. India
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