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Singh A, Singhal C, Sharma AK, Khurana P. An auxin regulated Universal stress protein (TaUSP_3B-1) interacts with TaGolS and provides tolerance under drought stress and ER stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2024; 176:e14390. [PMID: 38899466 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
A previously identified wheat drought stress responsive Universal stress protein, TaUSP_3B-1 has been found to work in an auxin dependent manner in the plant root tissues in the differentiation zone. We also found a novel interacting partner, TaGolS, which physically interacts with TaUSP_3B-1 and colocalizes in the endoplasmic reticulum. TaGolS is a key enzyme in the RFO (Raffinose oligosaccharides) biosynthesis which is well reported to provide tolerance under water deficit conditions. TaUSP_3B-1 overexpression lines showed an early flowering phenotype under drought stress which might be attributed to the increased levels of AtTPPB and AtTPS transcripts under drought stress. Moreover, at the cellular levels ER stress induced TaUSP_3B-1 transcription and provides tolerance in both adaptive and acute ER stress via less ROS accumulation in the overexpression lines. TaUSP_3B-1 overexpression plants had increased silique numbers and a denser root architecture as compared to the WT plants under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Singh
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Chanchal Singhal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Arun Kumar Sharma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
| | - Paramjit Khurana
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, New Delhi, India
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2
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Kabir AH, Bennetzen JL. Molecular insights into the mutualism that induces iron deficiency tolerance in sorghum inoculated with Trichoderma harzianum. Microbiol Res 2024; 281:127630. [PMID: 38295681 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2024.127630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency is a common mineral stress in plants, including sorghum. Although the soil fungus Trichoderma harzianum has been shown to mitigate Fe deficiency in some circumstances, neither the range nor mechanism(s) of this process are well understood. In this study, high pH-induced Fe deficiency in sorghum cultivated in pots with natural field soil exhibited a significant decrease in biomass, photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance, water use efficiency, and Fe-uptake in both the root and shoot. However, the establishment of T. harzianum colonization in roots of Fe-deprived sorghum showed significant improvements in morpho-physiological traits, Fe levels, and redox status. Molecular detection of the fungal ThAOX1 (L-aminoacid oxidase) gene showed the highest colonization of T. harzianum in the root tips of Fe-deficient sorghum, a location thus targeted for further analysis. Expression studies by RNA-seq and qPCR in sorghum root tips revealed a significant upregulation of several genes associated with Fe uptake (SbTOM2), auxin synthesis (SbSAURX15), nicotianamine synthase 3 (SbNAS3), and a phytosiderophore transporter (SbYS1). Also induced was the siderophore synthesis gene (ThSIT1) in T. harzianum, a result supported by biochemical evidence for elevated siderophore and IAA (indole acetic acid) levels in roots. Given the high affinity of fungal siderophore to chelate insoluble Fe3+ ions, it is likely that elevated siderophore released by T. harzianum led to Fe(III)-siderophore complexes in the rhizosphere that were then transported into roots by the induced SbYS1 (yellow-stripe 1) transporter. In addition, the observed induction of several plant peroxidase genes and ABA (abscisic acid) under Fe deficiency after inoculation with T. harzianum may have helped induce tolerance to Fe-deficiency-induced oxidative stress and adaptive responses. This is the first mechanistic explanation for T. harzianum's role in helping alleviate Fe deficiency in sorghum and suggests that biofertilizers using T. harzianum will improve Fe availability to crops in high pH environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad H Kabir
- School of Sciences, University of Louisiana at Monroe, LA 71209, USA; Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
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3
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Meena V, Kaur G, Joon R, Shukla V, Choudhary P, Roy JK, Singh B, Pandey AK. Transcriptome and biochemical analysis in hexaploid wheat with contrasting tolerance to iron deficiency pinpoints multi-layered molecular process. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108336. [PMID: 38245990 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant nutrient that is indispensable for many physiological activities. This study is an effort to identify the molecular and biochemical basis of wheat genotypes with contrasting tolerance towards Fe deficiency. Our physiological experiments performed at the early growth stage in cv. Kanchan (KAN) showed Fe deficiency tolerance, whereas cv. PBW343 (PBW) was susceptible. Under Fe deficient condition, KAN showed delayed chlorosis, high SPAD values, and low malondialdehyde content compared to PBW, indicative of Fe deficient condition. Comparative shoot transcriptomics revealed increased expression of photosynthetic pathway genes in PBW, further suggesting its sensitivity to Fe fluctuations. Under Fe deficiency, both the cultivars showed distinct molecular re-arrangements such as high expression of genes involved in Fe uptake (including membrane transporters) and its remobilization. Specifically, in KAN these changes lead to high root phytosiderophores (PS) biosynthesis and its release, resulting in enhanced Fe translocation index. Utilizing the non-transgenic TILLING (Targeting Induced Lesions in Genomes) technology, we identified TaZIFL4.2D as a putative PS efflux transporter. Characterization of the wheat TILLING lines indicated that TaZIFL4.2 functions in PS release and Fe acquisition, thereby imparting tolerance to Fe deficiency. Altogether, this work highlights the mechanistic insight into Fe deficiency tolerance of hexaploid wheat, thus enabling breeders to select suitable genotypes to utilize nutrients for maximum yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Meena
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India; Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, India
| | - Gazaldeep Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Riya Joon
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Vishnu Shukla
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Tirupati, India
| | - Promila Choudhary
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Joy K Roy
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Nutrio-Physiology and Radiation Biology Laboratory, Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agriculture Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Ajay K Pandey
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Sector 81, Knowledge City, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, 140306, Punjab, India.
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4
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Houmani H, Corpas FJ. Can nutrients act as signals under abiotic stress? PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 206:108313. [PMID: 38171136 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Plant cells are in constant communication to coordinate development processes and environmental reactions. Under stressful conditions, such communication allows the plant cells to adjust their activities and development. This is due to intercellular signaling events which involve several components. In plant development, cell-to-cell signaling is ensured by mobile signals hormones, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), nitric oxide (NO), or hydrogen sulfide (H2S), as well as several transcription factors and small RNAs. Mineral nutrients, including macro and microelements, are determinant factors for plant growth and development and are, currently, recognized as potential signal molecules. This review aims to highlight the role of nutrients, particularly calcium, potassium, magnesium, nitrogen, phosphorus, and iron as signaling components with special attention to the mechanism of response against stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayet Houmani
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008, Granada, Spain; Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Center of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, PO Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Francisco J Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signaling in Plants, Estación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC), C/Profesor Albareda, 1, 18008, Granada, Spain.
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5
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Fuentes M, Bosch G, de Hita D, Olaetxea M, Erro J, Zamarreño AM, Garcia-Mina JM. Supramolecular Arrangement of Lignosulfonate-Based Iron Heteromolecular Complexes and Consequences of Their Interaction with Ca 2+ at Alkaline pH and Fe Plant Root Uptake Mechanisms. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:11404-11417. [PMID: 37462422 PMCID: PMC10401718 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c03474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that natural heteromolecular complexes might be an alternative to synthetic chelates to correct iron (Fe) deficiency. To investigate the mechanism of action of these complexes, we have studied their interaction with Ca2+ at alkaline pH, Fe-binding stability, Fe-root uptake in cucumber, and chemical structure using molecular modeling. The results show that a heteromolecular Fe complex including citric acid and lignosulfonate as binding ligands (Ls-Cit) forms a supramolecular system in solution with iron citrate interacting with the hydrophobic inner core of the lignosulfonate system. These structural features are associated with high stability against Ca2+ at basic pH. Likewise, unlike Fe-EDDHA, root Fe uptake from Ls-Cit implies the activation of the main root responses under Fe deficiency at the transcriptional level but not at the post-transcriptional level. These results are consistent with the involvement of some plant responses to Fe deficiency in the plant assimilation of complexed Fe in Ls-Cit under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fuentes
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - German Bosch
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - David de Hita
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Maite Olaetxea
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Javier Erro
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Angel Ma Zamarreño
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
| | - Jose Ma Garcia-Mina
- Universidad de Navarra, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente BIOMA, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
- Universidad de Navarra, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología Ambiental, Irunlarrea 1, 31008 Pamplona, España
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De Kesel J, Bonneure E, Frei M, De Meyer T, Mangelinckx S, Kyndt T. Diproline-induced resistance to parasitic nematodes in the same and subsequent rice generations: Roles of iron, nitric oxide and ethylene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1112007. [PMID: 36824193 PMCID: PMC9941634 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1112007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Induced resistance (IR) is a plant phenotype characterized by lower susceptibility to biotic challenges upon elicitation by so-called IR stimuli. Earlier, we identified diproline (cyclo(l-Pro-l-Pro)) as IR stimulus that protects rice (Oryza sativa) against the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola (Mg). In the current study, detailed transcriptome analyses at different time points, and under uninfected and nematode-infected conditions revealed that this rice IR phenotype is correlated with induction of genes related to iron (Fe), ethylene (ET) and reactive oxygen species (ROS)/reactive nitrogen species (RNS) metabolism. An infection experiment under Fe limiting conditions confirmed that diproline-IR is only effective under optimal Fe supply. Although total root Fe levels were not affected in diproline-treated plants, phytosiderophore secretion was found to be induced by this treatment. Experiments on mutant and transgenic rice lines impaired in ET or ROS/RNS metabolism confirmed that these metabolites are involved in diproline-IR. Finally, we provide evidence for transgenerational inheritance of diproline-IR (diproline-TIR), as two successive generations of diproline-treated ancestors exhibited an IR phenotype while themselves never being exposed to diproline. Transcriptome analyses on the offspring plants revealed extensive overlap between the pathways underpinning diproline-IR and diproline-TIR. Although diproline induces significant systemic changes in global DNA methylation levels early after treatment, such changes in DNA methylation were not detected in the descendants of these plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of TIR in rice and the first transcriptional assessment of TIR in monocots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas De Kesel
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eli Bonneure
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Michael Frei
- Department of Agronomy and Crop Physiology, Institute for Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department of Data Analysis and Mathematical Modelling, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Mangelinckx
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Tina Kyndt
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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7
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Kabir AH, Ela EJ, Bagchi R, Rahman MA, Peiter E, Lee KW. Nitric oxide acts as an inducer of Strategy-I responses to increase Fe availability and mobilization in Fe-starved broccoli (Brassica oleracea var. oleracea). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 194:182-192. [PMID: 36423388 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) deficiency causes reduced growth and yield in broccoli. This study elucidates how sodium nitroprusside (SNP), known as nitric oxide (NO) donor, mitigates the retardation caused by Fe deficiency in broccoli. The SNP caused substantial nitric oxide accumulation in the roots of Fe-deficient plants, which resulted in a significant improvement in chlorophyll levels, photosynthetic efficiency, and morphological growth parameters, showing that it has a favorable influence on recovering broccoli health. Ferric reductase activity and the expression of BoFRO1 (ferric chelate reductase) gene in roots were consistently increased by SNP under Fe deficiency, which likely resulted in increased Fe mobilization. Furthermore, proton (H+) extrusion and BoHA2 (H+-ATPase 2) expression were significantly increased, suggesting that they may be involved in lowering rhizospheric pH to restore Fe mobilization in roots of bicarbonate-treated broccoli plants. The levels of Fe in root and shoot tissues and the expression of BoIRT1 (Fe-regulated transporter) both increased dramatically after SNP supplementation under Fe deprivation. Furthermore, SNP-induced increase in citrate and malate concentrations suggested a role of NO in improved Fe chelation in Fe-deficient broccoli. A NO scavenger (cPTIO) ceased the elevated FCR activity and IAA (indole-3-acetic acid) concentration in Fe-starved plants treated with SNP. These findings suggest that SNP may play a role in initiating Fe availability by elevated IAA concentration and BoEIR1 (auxin efflux carrier) expression in the roots of broccoli during Fe shortage. Therefore, SNP may improve Fe availability and mobilization by increasing Strategy-I Fe uptake pathways, which may help broccoli tolerate Fe deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Humayan Kabir
- Department of Genetics, University of Georgia, GA 30602, USA; Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh.
| | - Esrat Jahan Ela
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Ruby Bagchi
- Molecular Plant Physiology Laboratory, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, 6205, Bangladesh
| | - Md Atikur Rahman
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
| | - Edgar Peiter
- Plant Nutrition Laboratory, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ki-Won Lee
- Grassland and Forage Division, National Institute of Animal Science, Rural Development Administration, Cheonan, 31000, Republic of Korea
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Banerjee A, Roychoudhury A. Dissecting the phytohormonal, genomic and proteomic regulation of micronutrient deficiency during abiotic stresses in plants. Biologia (Bratisl) 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11756-022-01099-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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9
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Hua YP, Wang Y, Zhou T, Huang JY, Yue CP. Combined morpho-physiological, ionomic and transcriptomic analyses reveal adaptive responses of allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to iron deficiency. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:234. [PMID: 35534803 PMCID: PMC9088122 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03627-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants worldwide are often stressed by low Fe availability around the world, especially in aerobic soils. Therefore, the plant growth, seed yield, and quality of crop species are severely inhibited under Fe deficiency. Fe metabolism in plants is controlled by a series of complex transport, storage, and regulatory mechanisms in cells. Allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple upland crop species that is highly sensitive to low Fe stresses. Although some studies have been previously conducted on the responses of wheat plants to Fe deficiency, the key mechanisms underlying adaptive responses are still unclear in wheat due to its large and complex genome. RESULTS Transmission electron microscopy showed that the chloroplast structure was severely damaged under Fe deficiency. Paraffin sectioning revealed that the division rates of meristematic cells were reduced, and the sizes of elongated cells were diminished. ICP-MS-assisted ionmics analysis showed that low-Fe stress significantly limited the absorption of nutrients, including N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, and B nutrients. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing identified 378 and 2,619 genome-wide differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the shoots and roots between high-Fe and low-Fe conditions, respectively. These DEGs were mainly involved in the Fe chelator biosynthesis, ion transport, photosynthesis, amino acid metabolism, and protein synthesis. Gene coexpression network diagrams indicated that TaIRT1b-4A, TaNAS2-6D, TaNAS1a-6A, TaNAS1-6B, and TaNAAT1b-1D might function as key regulators in the adaptive responses of wheat plants to Fe deficiency. CONCLUSIONS These results might help us fully understand the morpho-physiological and molecular responses of wheat plants to low-Fe stress, and provide elite genetic resources for the genetic modification of efficient Fe use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-peng Hua
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Yue Wang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Ting Zhou
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Jin-yong Huang
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
| | - Cai-peng Yue
- School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001 China
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10
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Kumar A, Kaur G, Singh P, Meena V, Sharma S, Tiwari M, Bauer P, Pandey AK. Strategies and Bottlenecks in Hexaploid Wheat to Mobilize Soil Iron to Grains. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:863849. [PMID: 35574143 PMCID: PMC9100831 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.863849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Our knowledge of iron (Fe) uptake and mobilization in plants is mainly based on Arabidopsis and rice. Although multiple players of Fe homeostasis have been elucidated, there is a significant gap in our understanding of crop species, such as wheat. It is, therefore, imperative not only to understand the different hurdles for Fe enrichment in tissues but also to address specifically the knowns/unknowns involved in the plausible mechanism of Fe sensing, signaling, transport, and subsequent storage in plants. In the present review, a unique perspective has been described in light of recent knowledge generated in wheat, an economically important crop. The strategies to boost efficient Fe uptake, transcriptional regulation, and long-distance mobilization in grains have been discussed, emphasizing recent biotechnological routes to load Fe in grains. This article also highlights the new elements of physiological and molecular genetics that underpin the mechanistic insight for the identified Fe-related genes and discusses the bottlenecks in unloading the Fe in grains. The information presented here will provide much-needed resources and directions to overcome challenges and design efficient strategies to enhance the Fe density in wheat grains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anil Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Gazaldeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Palvinder Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Varsha Meena
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Manish Tiwari
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow, India
| | - Petra Bauer
- Institute of Botany, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
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11
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Wu Q, Liu C, Wang Z, Gao T, Liu Y, Xia Y, Yin R, Qi M. Zinc regulation of iron uptake and translocation in rice (Oryza sativa L.): Implication from stable iron isotopes and transporter genes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 297:118818. [PMID: 35016986 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential nutrient for living organisms and Fe deficiency is a worldwide problem for the health of both rice and humans. Zinc (Zn) contamination in agricultural soils is frequently observed. Here, we studied Fe isotope compositions and transcript levels of Fe transporter genes in rice growing in nutrient solutions having a range of Zn concentrations. Our results show Zn stress reduces Fe uptake by rice and drives its δ56Fe value to that of the nutrient solution. These observations can be explained by the weakened Fe(II) uptake through Strategy I but enhanced Fe(III) uptake through Strategy II due to the competition between Zn and Fe(II) combining with OsIRT1 (Fe(II) transporter) in root, which is supported by the downregulated expression of OsIRT1 and upregulated expression of OsYSL15 (Fe(III) transporter). Using a mass balance box model, we also show excess Zn reduces Fe(II) translocation in phloem and its remobilization from senescent leaf, indicating a competition of binding sites on nicotianamine between Zn and Fe(II). This study provides direct evidence that how Zn regulates Fe uptake and translocation in rice and is of practical significance to design strategies to treat Fe deficiency in rice grown in Zn-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiqi Wu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China
| | - Chengshuai Liu
- National-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management, Institute of Eco-environmental and Soil Sciences, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Zhengrong Wang
- Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, The City College of New York, CUNY, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Ting Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China.
| | - Yuhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Yafei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
| | - Runsheng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China
| | - Meng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang, 550081, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, PR China
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Garnica M, Baigorri R, San Francisco S, Zamarreño AM, Garcia-Mina JM. Humic Acid Alleviates Fe Chlorosis in Graminaceous Plants Through Coordinated Fe-Dependent and Fe-Independent Mechanisms. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:803013. [PMID: 35185979 PMCID: PMC8849133 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.803013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Many studies have shown the close relationship between the beneficial action of soil and sedimentary humic acids on the growth of plants cultivated in calcareous soils and their ability to improve Fe plant nutrition. These results have been ascribed to the humic acid (HA) capability to improve Fe solubility and bioavailability. However, other effects more related to a humic acid action on the specific mechanisms activated in roots of plants under Fe deficiency cannot be ruled out. Although this question has been studied in dicotyledonous plants, in graminaceous plants there are no specific studies. Here we investigate the ability of a humic acid extracted from peat (HA) to improve Fe nutrition in wheat plants cultivated under Fe deficient and sufficient conditions. The results show that HA can improve the physiological status of Fe deficient wheat plants by alleviating some of the deleterious consequences of Fe deficiency on plant development and increasing the plant ability to secrete phytosiderophores to the nutrient solution. This action of HA is associated with increases in the Fe-active pool in leaves that might be related to the mobilization of the Fe complexed by HA resulting from the interaction of HA with the phytosiderophores in the nutrient solution. The Fe translocation from the root to the shoot may be favored by the action of trans-Zeatin Riboside (tZR) since the leaf concentration of this phytohormone was enhanced by HA in Fe deficient plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Garnica
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Roberto Baigorri
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sara San Francisco
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Angel M. Zamarreño
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Jose M. Garcia-Mina
- BACh Research Group, Department of Environmental Biology, Instituto de Biodiversidad y Medioambiente (BIOMA), University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Centre Mondial de l’Innovation (CMI) – Groupe Roullier, Saint-Maló, France
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Salhi K, Hajlaoui H, Krouma A. Genotypic differences in response of durum wheat ( Triticum durum Desf.) to lime-induced iron chlorosis. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e377. [PMID: 35028496 PMCID: PMC8743360 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Wheat, durum wheat, is the first cereal cultivated and consumed in Tunisia. Because the dominance of calcareous soils in its agroecological systems, known by their low availability of iron (Fe) inducing Fe chlorosis and limiting crop production, its yield remains low. Therefore, the search for tolerant genotypes is always current. In this context, the physiological behavior of six Tunisian genotypes of durum wheat (salim, karim, razek, khiar, inrat100, and maali) cultivated on calcareous and fertile soils for 2 months in a pot experiment was investigated. A greenhouse was used to conduct experiments under natural light. Plant growth, SPAD index, Fe nutrition, Fe distribution, and photosynthesis were monitored and used to evaluate and discriminate their respective physiological responses. On calcareous soil, results revealed reduced plant growth, active Fe, SPAD index, and net photosynthesis. Genotypic differences in the response of wheat to calcareous-induced Fe deficiency were observed and allowed to classify the genotypes Salim and Karim as relatively tolerant. These genotypes expressed Fe translocation capacity (FeT) up to 3 times, Fe use efficiency for photosynthesis (FeUEAn) up to 1.6 times, and chlorophyll use efficiency for photosynthesis (ChlUEAn) up to 3.5 times greater than that expressed by the other genotypes, particularly inrat100 and maali. Thus, the relative tolerance of Salim and Karim is the result of the high ability of Fe uptake and translocation to shoots to support chlorophyll biosynthesis, photosynthesis, and plant growth as well as an important Fe and chlorophyll use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Salhi
- Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Sidi BouzidUniversity of KairouanSidi BouzidTunisia
- Faculty of SciencesUniversity of GafsaGafsaTunisia
| | | | - Abdelmajid Krouma
- Research Unit Valorization and Optimization of Resource Exploitation, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques of Sidi BouzidUniversity of KairouanSidi BouzidTunisia
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Meena V, Sharma S, Kaur G, Singh B, Pandey AK. Diverse Functions of Plant Zinc-Induced Facilitator-like Transporter for Their Emerging Roles in Crop Trait Enhancement. PLANTS 2021; 11:plants11010102. [PMID: 35009105 PMCID: PMC8747725 DOI: 10.3390/plants11010102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The major facilitator superfamily (MFS) is a large and diverse group of secondary transporters found across all kingdoms of life. Zinc-induced facilitator-like (ZIFL) transporters are the MFS family members that function as exporters driven by the antiporter-dependent processes. The presence of multiple ZIFL transporters was shown in various plant species, as well as in bryophytes. However, only a few ZIFLs have been functionally characterized in plants, and their localization has been suggested to be either on tonoplast or at the plasma membrane. A subset of the plant ZIFLs were eventually characterized as transporters due to their specialized role in phytosiderophores efflux and auxin homeostasis, and they were also proven to impart tolerance to micronutrient deficiency. The emerging functions of ZIFL proteins highlight their role in addressing important traits in crop species. This review aims to provide insight into and discuss the importance of plant ZIFL in various tissue-specific functions. Furthermore, a spotlight is placed on their role in mobilizing essential micronutrients, including iron and zinc, from the rhizosphere to support plant survival. In conclusion, in this paper, we discuss the functional redundancy of ZIFL transporters to understand their roles in developing specific traits in crop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Meena
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India; (V.M.); (S.S.); (G.K.)
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad 121001, India
| | - Shivani Sharma
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India; (V.M.); (S.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Gazaldeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India; (V.M.); (S.S.); (G.K.)
| | - Bhupinder Singh
- Centre for Environment Science and Climate Resilient Agriculture, ICAR-IARI, New Delhi 110002, India;
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- Department of Biotechnology, National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Sector 81, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar 140306, India; (V.M.); (S.S.); (G.K.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-1724990124
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15
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Gupta OP, Pandey V, Saini R, Khandale T, Singh A, Malik VK, Narwal S, Ram S, Singh GP. Comparative physiological, biochemical and transcriptomic analysis of hexaploid wheat (T. aestivum L.) roots and shoots identifies potential pathways and their molecular regulatory network during Fe and Zn starvation. Genomics 2021; 113:3357-3372. [PMID: 34339815 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The combined effect of iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) starvation on their uptake and transportation and the molecular regulatory networks is poorly understood in wheat. To fill this gap, we performed a comprehensive physiological, biochemical and transcriptome analysis in two bread wheat genotypes, i.e. Narmada 195 and PBW 502, differing in inherent Fe and Zn content. Compared to PBW 502, Narmada 195 exhibited increased tolerance to Fe and Zn withdrawal by significantly modulating the critical physiological and biochemical parameters. We identified 25 core genes associated with four key pathways, i.e. methionine cycle, phytosiderophore biosynthesis, antioxidant and transport system, that exhibited significant up-regulation in both the genotypes with a maximum in Narmada 195. We also identified 26 microRNAs targeting 14 core genes across the four pathways. Together, core genes identified can serve as valuable resources for further functional research for genetic improvement of Fe and Zn content in wheat grain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Om Prakash Gupta
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Vanita Pandey
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Ritu Saini
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Tushar Khandale
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Ajeet Singh
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Vipin Kumar Malik
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
| | - Sneh Narwal
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India; Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute (IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Sewa Ram
- Division of Quality and Basic Sciences, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India.
| | - Gyanendra Pratap Singh
- ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat and Barley Research (IIWBR), Karnal, 132001, Haryana, India
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16
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Bacterial Endophytes of Spring Wheat Grains and the Potential to Acquire Fe, Cu, and Zn under Their Low Soil Bioavailability. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10050409. [PMID: 34063099 PMCID: PMC8148187 DOI: 10.3390/biology10050409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Unmasking the overall endophytic bacteria communities from wheat grains may help to identify and describe the microbial colonization of bread and emmer varieties, their link to the bioactive compounds produced, and their possible role in mineral nutrition. The possibility of using microorganisms to improve the microelemental composition of grain is an important food security concern, as approximately one-third of the human population experiences latent starvation caused by Fe (anemia), Zn, or Cu deficiency. Four wheat varieties from T. aestivum L. and T. turgidum subsp. dicoccum were grown in field conditions with low bioavailability of microelements in the soil. Varietal differences in the yield, yield characteristics, and the grain micronutrient concentrations were compared with the endophytic bacteria isolated from the grains. Twelve different bacterial isolates were obtained that represented the genera Staphylococcus, Pantoea, Sphingobium, Bacillus, Kosakonia, and Micrococcus. All studied strains were able to synthesize indole-related compounds (IRCs) with phytohormonal activity. IRCs produced by the bacterial genera Pantoea spp. and Bacillus spp. isolated from high-yielding Oksamyt myronivs’kyi and Holikovs’ka grains may be considered as one of the determinants of the yield of wheat and its nutritional characteristics. Abstract Wheat grains are usually low in essential micronutrients. In resolving the problem of grain micronutritional quality, microbe-based technologies, including bacterial endophytes, seem to be promising. Thus, we aimed to (1) isolate and identify grain endophytic bacteria from selected spring wheat varieties (bread Oksamyt myronivs’kyi, Struna myronivs’ka, Dubravka, and emmer Holikovs’ka), which were all grown in field conditions with low bioavailability of microelements, and (2) evaluate the relationship between endophytes’ abilities to synthesize auxins and the concentration of Fe, Zn, and Cu in grains. The calculated biological accumulation factor (BAF) allowed for comparing the varietal ability to uptake and transport micronutrients to the grains. For the first time, bacterial endophytes were isolated from grains of emmer wheat T. turgidum subsp. dicoccum. Generally, the 12 different isolates identified in the four varieties belonged to the genera Staphylococcus, Pantoea, Sphingobium, Bacillus, Kosakonia, and Micrococcus (NCBI accession numbers: MT302194—MT302204, MT312840). All the studied strains were able to synthesize the indole-related compounds (IRCs; max: 16.57 µg∙mL−1) detected using the Salkowski reagent. The IRCs produced by the bacterial genera Pantoea spp. and Bacillus spp. isolated from high-yielding Oksamyt myronivs’kyi and Holikovs’ka grains may be considered as one of the determinants of the yield of wheat and its nutritional characteristics.
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17
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Tewari RK, Horemans N, Watanabe M. Evidence for a role of nitric oxide in iron homeostasis in plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:990-1006. [PMID: 33196822 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO), once regarded as a poisonous air pollutant, is now understood as a regulatory molecule essential for several biological functions in plants. In this review, we summarize NO generation in different plant organs and cellular compartments, and also discuss the role of NO in iron (Fe) homeostasis, particularly in Fe-deficient plants. Fe is one of the most limiting essential nutrient elements for plants. Plants often exhibit Fe deficiency symptoms despite sufficient tissue Fe concentrations. NO appears to not only up-regulate Fe uptake mechanisms but also makes Fe more bioavailable for metabolic functions. NO forms complexes with Fe, which can then be delivered into target cells/tissues. NO generated in plants can alleviate oxidative stress by regulating antioxidant defense processes, probably by improving functional Fe status and by inducing post-translational modifications in the enzymes/proteins involved in antioxidant defense responses. It is hypothesized that NO acts in cooperation with transcription factors such as bHLHs, FIT, and IRO to regulate the expression of enzymes and proteins essential for Fe homeostasis. However, further investigations are needed to disentangle the interaction of NO with intracellular target molecules that leads to enhanced internal Fe availability in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nele Horemans
- Biosphere Impact Studies, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK•CEN), Boeretang, Mol, Belgium
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan gebouw D, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Masami Watanabe
- Laboratory of Plant Biochemistry, Chiba University, Inage-ward, Yayoicho, Chiba, Japan
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18
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Lurthy T, Pivato B, Lemanceau P, Mazurier S. Importance of the Rhizosphere Microbiota in Iron Biofortification of Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:744445. [PMID: 34925398 PMCID: PMC8679237 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.744445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the iron content of plant products and iron assimilability represents a major issue for human nutrition and health. This is also a major challenge because iron is not readily available for plants in most cultivated soils despite its abundance in the Earth's crust. Iron biofortification is defined as the enhancement of the iron content in edible parts of plants. This biofortification aims to reach the objectives defined by world organizations for human nutrition and health while being environment friendly. A series of options has been proposed to enhance plant iron uptake and fight against hidden hunger, but they all show limitations. The present review addresses the potential of soil microorganisms to promote plant iron nutrition. Increasing knowledge on the plant microbiota and plant-microbe interactions related to the iron dynamics has highlighted a considerable contribution of microorganisms to plant iron uptake and homeostasis. The present overview of the state of the art sheds light on plant iron uptake and homeostasis, and on the contribution of plant-microorganism (plant-microbe and plant-plant-microbe) interactions to plant nutritition. It highlights the effects of microorganisms on the plant iron status and on the co-occurring mechanisms, and shows how this knowledge may be valued through genetic and agronomic approaches. We propose a change of paradigm based on a more holistic approach gathering plant and microbial traits mediating iron uptake. Then, we present the possible applications in plant breeding, based on plant traits mediating plant-microbe interactions involved in plant iron uptake and physiology.
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19
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Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Iron and Zinc Deficiency in Maize ( Zea mays L.). PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121812. [PMID: 33371388 PMCID: PMC7767415 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Globally, one-third of the population is affected by iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) deficiency, which is severe in developing and underdeveloped countries where cereal-based diets predominate. The genetic biofortification approach is the most sustainable and one of the cost-effective ways to address Fe and Zn malnutrition. Maize is a major source of nutrition in sub-Saharan Africa, South Asia and Latin America. Understanding systems’ biology and the identification of genes involved in Fe and Zn homeostasis facilitate the development of Fe- and Zn-enriched maize. We conducted a genome-wide transcriptome assay in maize inbred SKV616, under –Zn, –Fe and –Fe–Zn stresses. The results revealed the differential expression of several genes related to the mugineic acid pathway, metal transporters, photosynthesis, phytohormone and carbohydrate metabolism. We report here Fe and Zn deficiency-mediated changes in the transcriptome, root length, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate and reduced rate of photosynthesis. Furthermore, the presence of multiple regulatory elements and/or the co-factor nature of Fe and Zn in enzymes indicate their association with the differential expression and opposite regulation of several key gene(s). The differentially expressed candidate genes in the present investigation would help in breeding for Fe and Zn efficient and kernel Fe- and Zn-rich maize cultivars through gene editing, transgenics and molecular breeding.
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20
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Lauter ANM, Rutter L, Cook D, O’Rourke JA, Graham MA. Examining Short-Term Responses to a Long-Term Problem: RNA-Seq Analyses of Iron Deficiency Chlorosis Tolerant Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E3591. [PMID: 32438745 PMCID: PMC7279018 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) is a global crop production problem, significantly impacting yield. However, most IDC studies have focused on model species, not agronomically important crops. Soybean is the second largest crop grown in the United States, yet the calcareous soils across most of the upper U.S. Midwest limit soybean growth and profitability. To understand early soybean iron stress responses, we conducted whole genome expression analyses (RNA-sequencing) of leaf and root tissue from the iron efficient soybean (Glycine max) cultivar Clark, at 30, 60 and 120 min after transfer to iron stress conditions. We identified over 10,000 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), with the number of DEGs increasing over time in leaves, but decreasing over time in roots. To investigate these responses, we clustered our expression data across time to identify suites of genes, their biological functions, and the transcription factors (TFs) that regulate their expression. These analyses reveal the hallmarks of the soybean iron stress response (iron uptake and homeostasis, defense, and DNA replication and methylation) can be detected within 30 min. Furthermore, they suggest root to shoot signaling initiates early iron stress responses representing a novel paradigm for crop stress adaptations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne N. Moran Lauter
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Lindsay Rutter
- Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA;
| | - Dianne Cook
- Department of Econometrics and Business Statistics, Monash University, Clayton VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Jamie A. O’Rourke
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
| | - Michelle A. Graham
- Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (A.N.M.L.); (J.A.O.)
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21
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Kaur G, Shukla V, Kumar A, Kaur M, Goel P, Singh P, Shukla A, Meena V, Kaur J, Singh J, Mantri S, Rouached H, Pandey AK. Integrative analysis of hexaploid wheat roots identifies signature components during iron starvation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:6141-6161. [PMID: 31738431 PMCID: PMC6859736 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) is an essential micronutrient for all organisms. In crop plants, Fe deficiency can decrease crop yield significantly; however, our current understanding of how major crops respond to Fe deficiency remains limited. Herein, the effect of Fe deprivation at both the transcriptomic and metabolic level in hexaploid wheat was investigated. Genome-wide gene expression reprogramming was observed in wheat roots subjected to Fe starvation, with a total of 5854 genes differentially expressed. Homoeologue and subgenome-specific analysis unveiled the induction-biased contribution from the A and B genomes. In general, the predominance of genes coding for nicotianamine synthase, yellow stripe-like transporters, metal transporters, ABC transporters, and zinc-induced facilitator-like protein was noted. Expression of genes related to the Strategy II mode of Fe uptake was also predominant. Our transcriptomic data were in agreement with the GC-MS analysis that showed the enhanced accumulation of various metabolites such as fumarate, malonate, succinate, and xylofuranose, which could be contributing to Fe mobilization. Interestingly, Fe starvation leads to a significant temporal increase of glutathione S-transferase at both the transcriptional level and enzymatic activity level, which indicates the involvement of glutathione in response to Fe stress in wheat roots. Taken together, our result provides new insight into the wheat response to Fe starvation at the molecular level and lays the foundation to design new strategies for the improvement of Fe nutrition in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gazaldeep Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vishnu Shukla
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Mandeep Kaur
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Parul Goel
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Palvinder Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Anuj Shukla
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Varsha Meena
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Jaspreet Kaur
- University Institute of Engineering and Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Jagtar Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Shrikant Mantri
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Hatem Rouached
- BPMP, Université de Montpellier, INRA, CNRS, Montpellier SupAgro, Montpellier, France
| | - Ajay Kumar Pandey
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (Department of Biotechnology), Mohali, Punjab, India
- Correspondence: or
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22
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Wang M, Kawakami Y, Bhullar NK. Molecular Analysis of Iron Deficiency Response in Hexaploid Wheat. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2019. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2019.00067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
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23
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Mendoza-Cózatl DG, Gokul A, Carelse MF, Jobe TO, Long TA, Keyster M. Keep talking: crosstalk between iron and sulfur networks fine-tunes growth and development to promote survival under iron limitation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2019; 70:4197-4210. [PMID: 31231775 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/08/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants are capable of synthesizing all the molecules necessary to complete their life cycle from minerals, water, and light. This plasticity, however, comes at a high energetic cost and therefore plants need to regulate their economy and allocate resources accordingly. Iron-sulfur (Fe-S) clusters are at the center of photosynthesis, respiration, amino acid, and DNA metabolism. Fe-S clusters are extraordinary catalysts, but their main components (Fe2+ and S2-) are highly reactive and potentially toxic. To prevent toxicity, plants have evolved mechanisms to regulate the uptake, storage, and assimilation of Fe and S. Recent advances have been made in understanding the cellular economy of Fe and S metabolism individually, and growing evidence suggests that there is dynamic crosstalk between Fe and S networks. In this review, we summarize and discuss recent literature on Fe sensing, allocation, use efficiency, and, when pertinent, its relationship to S metabolism. Our future perspectives include a discussion about the open questions and challenges ahead and how the plant nutrition field can come together to approach these questions in a cohesive and more efficient way.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Mendoza-Cózatl
- Division of Plant Sciences, C.S. Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA
| | - Arun Gokul
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Mogamat F Carelse
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Timothy O Jobe
- Botanical Institute and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Terri A Long
- Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Marshall Keyster
- Environmental Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
- DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
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