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Vekara L, Kantanen S, Kolho KL, Räsänen K, Lakka T, Huhtala H, Piippo-Savolainen E, Arikoski P, Hiltunen P. Psychological well-being of children and adolescents with inflammatory bowel disease. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:1287-1296. [PMID: 38629478 DOI: 10.1002/jpn3.12220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Prior studies on the psychological well-being in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease (PIBD) have reported controversial results. Our aim was to compare the psychological well-being and lifestyle factors in patients with PIBD and their controls and to assess the role of contributing disease characteristics. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 60 PIBD patients aged 6-17 years (26 with Crohn's disease [CD], 34 with ulcerative colitis [UC] or unclassified colitis [IBD-U]) from two university hospitals in Finland, and their age- and sex-matched healthy controls. Psychological well-being was assessed with three measures: a questionnaire on overall psychological well-being (PSWB) and for adolescents also Beck Depression Inventory (BDI Ia) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). In addition to disease characteristics and pain, we assessed physical activity, sleep, screen time, and social well-being. RESULTS Controls were more likely of stressing more (odds ratio [OR] = 3.67, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 95% CI = 1.02-13.14), but other measures of psychological well-being did not differ statistically significantly between patients and controls. In CD, a clinically more active disease associated with inferior psychological well-being in adolescents (BDI [ρ = 0.63, p = 0.021], PSS [ρ = 0.70, p = 0.008], PSWB [ρ = 0.56, p = 0.049]). Longer time from diagnosis correlated with better psychological well-being on BDI (ρ = -0.39, p = 0.024) and PSS (ρ = -0.38, p = 0.034). Lifestyle was more sedentary in PIBD (less physical activity in children OR = 0.82, 95% CI = 0.68-0.99 and more screen time in adolescents OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.00-1.40). CONCLUSION Although the clinical features of PIBD are potentially a burden for psychological well-being, many young patients cope well with their disease. Individual variation in well-being is remarkable, making supportive measures challenging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Vekara
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Saija Kantanen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
| | - Kaija-Leena Kolho
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Helsinki University Hospital HUS, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kati Räsänen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Timo Lakka
- Institute of Biomedicine, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kuopio University Hospital, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
- Foundation for Research in Health Exercise and Nutrition, Kuopio Research Institute of Exercise Medicine, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Heini Huhtala
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland
| | - Eija Piippo-Savolainen
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pekka Arikoski
- Kuopio Pediatric Research Unit, University of Eastern Finland and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Pauliina Hiltunen
- Department of Pediatrics, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland
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Fernandes F, Talih M, Pires C, Navasardyan N, Santos MJ, Lucas R. Pain site persistence and changes from childhood to adolescence: a prospective cohort study. Pediatr Res 2024; 95:1625-1633. [PMID: 38225449 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03021-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is a complex experience that interferes with the well-being of youth who experience it. We aimed to assess whether recurrent pain sites in childhood can predict later recurrent pain sites prospectively. METHODS Pain was assessed using the Luebeck Pain Screening Questionnaire at ages 7, 10, and 13 from the Generation XXI cohort. We used multinomial regression to assess the association of recurrent pain sites at ages 7 and 10 with those at age 13. RESULTS We included 3833 participants. Boys with recurrent abdominal/pelvic pain at age 7 were more likely to report headaches (OR 2.81; 95%CI 1.48-5.34), abdominal/pelvic (OR 2.92; 95%CI 1.46-5.84), and musculoskeletal pain (OR 1.55; 95%CI 1.02-2.34) at age 13. Girls with recurrent abdominal/pelvic pain at age 7 were more likely to report both musculoskeletal (OR 1.62; 95%CI 1.10-2.40) and abdominal/pelvic pain (OR 1.74; 95%CI 1.15-2.65). At age 10, all pain sites were associated with pain in the same site at age 13. CONCLUSION Recurrent abdominal/pelvic pain at age 7 may be related to the development of various pains in adolescence. Pain at a given site at age 10 can be associated with pain at that same site at age 13. IMPACT Recurrent abdominal or pelvic pain during childhood was distinctively associated with an increased risk of recurrent pain in other sites during adolescence. Recurrent pain during childhood was associated with pain in the same sites at age 13, and this persistence seemed to emerge between the ages of 7 and 10 for both boys and girls. Studying early pain sites may add to the understanding of the etiology of chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Fernandes
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal.
- Unidade de Saúde Pública - Agrupamento de Centros de Saúde Baixo Mondego, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Makram Talih
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências da Saúde Pública e Forenses e Educação Médica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Catarina Pires
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Naré Navasardyan
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria José Santos
- Rheumatology Department, Hospital Garcia de Orta EPE, Almada, Portugal
| | - Raquel Lucas
- EPIUnit - Instituto de Saúde Pública, Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratório para a Investigação Integrativa e Translacional em Saúde Populacional (ITR), Universidade do Porto, Rua das Taipas, n° 135, 4050-600, Porto, Portugal
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Befus EG, Mølland E, Helseth S, Hagen M, Stea TH, Nolte S, Haraldstad K. The use of youth healthcare services and its association with health-related quality of life, physical and mental health and over-the-counter analgesics use in 13-19-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2024; 24:104. [PMID: 38183040 PMCID: PMC10770884 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17544-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Youth healthcare services in Norway include a public health nurse (PHN) at school and local youth health centres (YHCs). They provide health services for all adolescents free of charge, focusing on health promotion and disease prevention. The present study aimed to assess possible associations between health-related quality of life (HRQoL), physical and mental health, over-the-counter analgesics (OTCA) use and use of youth healthcare services among 13-19-year-old adolescents. METHODS This study was based on national, cross-sectional data from the Ungdata Survey conducted in 2022. The sample was comprised of 16 482 adolescents. Multiple logistic regression was used to analyse the associations between HRQoL, headaches, selected physical symptoms, psychological distress, use of OTCA, PHN availability, sociodemographic variables, and use of the PHN at school or at a YHC. The KIDSCREEN-10 was used to measure HRQoL, and the Hopkins Symptoms Checklist 10 was used to measure symptoms of psychological distress. RESULTS Girls used the youth healthcare services more frequently than boys. Better HRQoL was significantly associated with fewer visits to the PHN at school. Girls reported lower HRQoL and mental health, and more pain and frequent OTCA use than boys. When having symptoms of psychological distress, boys had greater odds of visiting the PHN at school than girls. For girls in senior high school, headaches and OTCA use were strongly associated with visiting the PHN at school and the YHC. In senior high school, boys with an immigration background had greater odds of visiting the YHC than native Norwegian boys, while girls with an immigration background were less likely to visit the YHC than native Norwegian girls. CONCLUSIONS Our results show that more girls than boys use youth healthcare services. When adolescents experience pain, have mental problems, use OTCA, or report low levels of HRQoL, they have greater odds of using youth healthcare services. Youth healthcare services offer excellent opportunities to support and follow up with adolescents. The findings provide important insights into youth healthcare services used by adolescents for various stakeholders, including PHNs and policy makers, with potential implications for future public health efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Grethe Befus
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway.
| | - Eirin Mølland
- Department of Economics and Finance, School of Business and Law, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, Oslo, 0130, Norway
| | - Milada Hagen
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway
- Faculty of Health, Oslo Metropolitan University, St. Olavs plass, P.O. Box 4, Oslo, 0130, Norway
| | - Tonje Holte Stea
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway
| | - Sandra Nolte
- Melbourne Health Economics, Centre for Health Policy, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- School of Health Sciences, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, P.O. Box 422, Kristiansand, 4604, Norway
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Wong C, Bjerge CY, Jurca A, Petersen MM, Boedtker S, Balslev-Clausen A, Harsted S. Protocol Article: A Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Children's Feet and Lower Extremities. Methods Protoc 2023; 6:115. [PMID: 38133135 PMCID: PMC10745981 DOI: 10.3390/mps6060115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The health of children's lower extremities and feet is a focus area for caregivers and healthcare professionals such as doctors, school nurses, and podiatrists. Our study aims to investigate the general health status of Danish children's lower extremities and feet to identify anthropometric parameters that might be preconditions for pain and evaluate for foot diseases and whether they are associated with pain intensity and location, three-dimensional foot dimensions and foot pressure mapping, shoe dimensions, types and intensity of sports activity, quality of life, and foot health. The aim is that we will be able to identify parameters pre-dispositioning for pain, thus providing recommendations for sports activities in relation to the anthropometric conditions of a child as a potential preventive measure for pain. This analysis will be stratified by socioeconomic status on a group level, and this perspective will be able to provide preventative recommendations to prevent pain. METHODS This study is a cross-sectional examination of a thousand children in the first, fifth, and ninth grades in randomized selected Danish primary schools. We will perform a clinical examination of the lower extremities and feet for misalignments, deformities, and diseases as well as rotational status and range of motion. Moreover, we will evaluate their pain levels, sports activities, three-dimensional foot dimensions, plantar pressure, footwear, and patient-related outcome measures (PROMs) for foot health and quality of life. RESULTS We aim to provide an anthropometrical overview of the lower extremities and feet in children. The obtained basic understanding of healthy normal material in children will be analyzed for its relationships with pain level, sports activities, and socioeconomic status on a group level. This could potentially provide us with an understanding of the factors that impact lower extremity and foot diseases in children. In conclusion, examining children's lower extremities and feet in Danish primary schools is a step toward identifying areas of improvement in self-care and shoe fitting, mapping podiatry-related needs of care in children's feet, and providing parental recommendations for preventive actions on shoe fitting and the choice and intensity of sports activity concerning pain. CONCLUSIONS The tenet of this study is a long-term follow-up to evaluate the long-term socioeconomic course on a group level, foot status, and sports activity, using patient-related outcome measures evaluating quality of life and other lifestyle factors such as emotional functioning, social functioning and interaction, and school functioning. Potentially, this will improve children's quality of life and prevent future diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Wong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark (A.B.-C.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | | | - Ales Jurca
- Volumental AB, 118 72 Stockholm, Sweden;
- Jozef Stefan International Postgraduate School, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Michael Mørk Petersen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark;
| | - Soren Boedtker
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark (A.B.-C.)
| | - Andreas Balslev-Clausen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark (A.B.-C.)
| | - Steen Harsted
- Center for Muscle and Joint Health, Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense, Denmark;
- Medical Research Unit, Spine Center of Southern Denmark, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, 5500 Middelfart, Denmark
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Potaczek T, Jasiewicz B. How back pain influences daily activities and quality of life: Incidence of back pain related to age. J Child Orthop 2023; 17:505-511. [PMID: 38050592 PMCID: PMC10693836 DOI: 10.1177/18632521231215855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is a prevalent global musculoskeletal issue, with a lifetime prevalence ranging from 49% to 70% in adults. Traditionally associated with adults, recent field surveys indicate comparable prevalence rates in children and adolescents, challenging earlier assumptions. Non-specific low back pain, where the source cannot be identified through diagnostic imaging, accounts for about 80%-90% of cases. Studies have shown that over 80% of adolescents with low back pain exhibit no underlying pathology. The prevalence of low back pain in younger populations varies widely, influenced by study methodology, age, and pain types. Research suggests that back pain prevalence in adolescents increases with age, with a shift in attitudes considering it is not necessarily indicative of specific issues. Level of evidence: level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Potaczek
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Zakopane, Poland
| | - Barbara Jasiewicz
- Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Zakopane, Poland
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Laures E, Williams J, McCarthy AM. Pain assessment & management decision-making in pediatric critical care. J Pediatr Nurs 2023; 73:e494-e502. [PMID: 37884405 DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2023.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to explore how nurses in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) reach their pain management decisions in children who are mechanically ventilated and chemically paralyzed. DESIGN AND METHODS A qualitative descriptive design was used following a quantitative phase of a multi-method study. Eighteen PICU nurses participated in semi-structured interviews aiming at understanding how they assess pain and make management decisions. Content analysis was used to guide coding and generate themes. RESULTS Three major themes were identified: 1) Assessment or cues that nurses use to trigger a pain assessment; 2) Mental models or patterns that nurses create to interpret cues to guide decision-making; 3) External factors that inhibit or facilitate decision-making. Overall, nurses rely on physiological cues to assess pain. From there, a large amount of variation exists on how nurses interpret those cues to make their pain management decision. External factors such as unit culture, perceived barriers and facilitators, and the nurse's experiences impacted how decisions are made. CONCLUSIONS Variation exists in the mental models' nurses create to make their pain management decision in this population. Nurses reported confusion on pain and sedation scale selection and various documentation practices for pain assessment. "Assume pain present" was identified as a concept and documentation practice that may guide decisions; further research is needed. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Development of clinician decision support tools that not only aid their understanding of reliable pain cues but also help create clear documentation practices may help nurses make pain management decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elyse Laures
- University of Iowa College of Nursing, 50 Newton Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America; University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America.
| | - Janet Williams
- University of Iowa College of Nursing, 50 Newton Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America
| | - Ann Marie McCarthy
- University of Iowa College of Nursing, 50 Newton Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States of America
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Cheng AY, Jim PK, Kwan NW, Chan SWW, Cheung JPY, Cheung PWH, Negrini S, Cheung CKC, Wong AYL, Parent EC. Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Traditional Chinese Version of the Italian Spine Youth Quality of Life (ISYQOL) Questionnaire. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2683. [PMID: 37830720 PMCID: PMC10572939 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The Italian Spine Youth Quality of Life (ISYQOL) is a validated health-related quality of life (HRQOL) questionnaire for teenagers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). We culturally-adapted ISYQOL to traditional Chinese (ISYQOL-TC) and then recruited 133 conservatively treated teenagers with AIS to complete the ISYQOL-TC and the Chinese version of the Scoliosis Research Society-22 revised (SRS-22r) questionnaire, nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), seven-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and numeric pain rating scale (NPRS). They repeated ISYQOL-TC two weeks later. The internal consistency, unidimensionality, and test-retest reliability were measured using the Cronbach's alpha, Rasch measurement models, and intra-class correlation coefficients (ICC3,1), respectively. The concurrent validity of the ISYQOL-TC with SRS-22r, and its construct validity with other questionnaires were evaluated using Spearman correlation coefficients. The ISYQOL-TC demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha 0.90 and 0.89 for items 1-13 and items 1-20), and excellent test-retest reliability (ICC3,1 = 0.95-0.96). The Rasch analysis supported the unidimensionality of all 20 items in ISYQOL-TC. The ISYQOL-TC percentage scores were positively correlated with SRS-22r total scores (r = 0.65; p < 0.05), but were negatively related to PHQ-9, GAD-7, and NPRS scores (r = -0.46 to -0.39; p < 0.01). Collectively, the ISYQOL-TC is a reliable and valid instrument for evaluating HRQOL in Chinese teenagers with AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Ying Cheng
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.Y.C.); (P.K.J.); (N.W.K.); (C.K.C.C.)
| | - Pik Kwan Jim
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.Y.C.); (P.K.J.); (N.W.K.); (C.K.C.C.)
| | - Ning Wai Kwan
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.Y.C.); (P.K.J.); (N.W.K.); (C.K.C.C.)
| | - Stephen W. W. Chan
- Allied Health Department (Physiotherapy), Hong Kong Children’s Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China;
| | - Jason P. Y. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.Y.C.); (P.W.H.C.)
| | - Prudence W. H. Cheung
- Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China; (J.P.Y.C.); (P.W.H.C.)
| | - Stefano Negrini
- Department of Biomedical Surgical and Dental Sciences, University “La Statale”, 20122 Milan, Italy;
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Chelsia K. C. Cheung
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.Y.C.); (P.K.J.); (N.W.K.); (C.K.C.C.)
| | - Arnold Y. L. Wong
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, China; (A.Y.C.); (P.K.J.); (N.W.K.); (C.K.C.C.)
| | - Eric C. Parent
- Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada;
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Bermejo-Cantarero A, Sánchez-López M, Álvarez-Bueno C, Redondo-Tébar A, García-Hermoso A, Martínez-Vizcaino V. Are Physical Activity Interventions Effective in Improving Health-Related Quality of Life in Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Sports Health 2023:19417381231190885. [PMID: 37608692 DOI: 10.1177/19417381231190885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT Physical activity (PA) interventions improve well-being and positive mental health in children and adolescents, but the results of previous systematic reviews included participants with chronic medical conditions and did not accurately assess the multidimensional nature of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). OBJECTIVE The aims of this meta-analysis were to (1) evaluate the effects of PA interventions on several domains of HRQoL in healthy <18-year-olds and (2) examine the effectiveness of interventions on HRQoL according to whether they were successful in increasing PA, the type of intervention delivered, and the duration of the intervention. DATA SOURCES PubMed (Medline), EMBASE, the Cochrane Library, SCIELO, SPORTDiscus, and PEDro databases were systematically searched from inception to September 30, 2022. STUDY SELECTION Experimental studies that examined the effectiveness of PA interventions on HRQoL participants aged <18 years. STUDY DESIGN Systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 1. METHODS Random-effects models were used to calculate pooled effect size (ES) for total HRQoL score and its dimensions. Subgroup analyses were conducted to examine the effect of PA program characteristics. RESULTS A total of 17 studies were included. Pooled ES (95% CI) estimations were as follows: 0.179 (0.045, 0.002) for total HRQoL score, 0.192 (0.077, 0.306) for physical well-being, 0.158 (0.080, 0.237) for psychological well-being, 0.118 (0.044, 0.192) for autonomy and parent relation, 0.135 (0.043, 0.227) for social support and peers, and 0.129 (-0.013, 0.270) for school environment. Subgroup analyses suggested there were no differences in the effectiveness of the interventions by category of PA increase or by type and duration of intervention. CONCLUSION Exercise interventions are an effective strategy for improving overall HRQoL and its most significant domains in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Bermejo-Cantarero
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Mairena Sánchez-López
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
- School of Education, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Celia Álvarez-Bueno
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
- Universidad Politécnica y Artística del Paraguay, Asunción 2024, Paraguay
| | - Andres Redondo-Tébar
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
| | - Antonio García-Hermoso
- Navarrabiomed, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra (CHN), Universidad Pública de Navarra (UPNA), IdiSNA, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
- Escuela de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, el Deporte y la Salud, Universidad de Santiago de Chile (USACH), Santiago, Chile
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaino
- Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Castilla-La Mancha, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
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Le CY, Galarneau JM, R Filbay S, Emery CA, Manns PJ, Whittaker JL. Youth With a Sport-Related Knee Injury Exhibit Significant and Persistent Knee-Related Quality-of-Life Deficits at 12-Month Follow-up Compared to Uninjured Peers. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2023; 53:480–489. [PMID: 37339378 DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2023.11611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare knee-related quality of life (QOL) between youth with and without an intra-articular, sport-related knee injury at baseline (≤4 months postinjury), 6-month, and 12-month follow-up, and assess the association between clinical outcomes and knee-related QOL. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. METHODS: We recruited 86 injured and 64 uninjured youth (similar age, sex, sport). Knee-related QOL was assessed with the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) QOL subscale. Linear mixed models (95% confidence interval [CI]; clustered on sex and sport) compared KOOS QOL between study groups over the study period, considering sex-based differences. We also explored the association of injury type (anterior cruciate ligament [ACL]/meniscus injury or other), knee extensor strength (dynamometry), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (accelerometer), intermittent knee pain (Intermittent and Constant Osteoarthritis Pain [ICOAP] measure), and fear of reinjury (17-item Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia) with knee-related QOL. RESULTS: Participant median (range) age was 16.4 (10.9-20.1) years, 67% were female, and 56% of injuries were ACL ruptures. Injured participants had lower mean KOOS QOL scores at baseline (-61.05; 95% CI: -67.56, -54.53), 6-month (-41.37; 95% CI: -47.94, -34.80), and 12-month (-33.34; 95% CI: -39.86, -26.82) follow-up, regardless of sex. Knee extensor strength (6- and 12-month follow-up), moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (12-month follow-up), and ICOAP (all time points) were associated with KOOS QOL in injured youth. Additionally, having an ACL/meniscus injury and higher Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia scores were associated with worse KOOS QOL in injured youth. CONCLUSION: Youth with a sport-related knee injury have significant, persistent knee-related QOL deficits at 12-month follow-up. Knee extensor strength, physical activity, pain, and fear of reinjury may contribute to knee-related QOL. JOSPT 2023;53(8):1-10. Epub: 20 June 2023. doi:10.2519/jospt.2023.11611.
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Malmborg JS, Roswall J, Almquist-Tangen G, Dahlgren J, Alm B, Bergman S. Associations between pain, health, and lifestyle factors in 10-year-old boys and girls from a Swedish birth cohort. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:328. [PMID: 37386396 PMCID: PMC10308737 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04139-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pain is common in children and its associations with various biopsychosocial factors is complex. Comprehensive pain assessments could contribute to a better understanding of pediatric pain, but these assessments are scarce in literature. The aim of this study was to examine differences in pain prevalence and pain patterns in 10-year-old boys and girls from a Swedish birth cohort and to study associations between pain, health-related quality of life and various lifestyle factors stratified by sex. METHODS 866 children (426 boys and 440 girls) and their parents from the "Halland Health and Growth Study" participated in this cross-sectional study. Children were categorized into two pain groups, "infrequent pain" (never-monthly pain) or "frequent pain" (weekly-almost daily pain), based on a pain mannequin. Univariate logistic regression analyses, stratified by sex, were performed to study associations between frequent pain and children's self-reports of disease and disability and health-related quality of life (Kidscreen-27, five domains), and parents' reports of their child's sleep (quality and duration), physical activity time, sedentary time, and participation in organized physical activities. RESULTS The prevalence of frequent pain was 36.5% with no difference between boys and girls (p = 0.442). Boys with a longstanding disease or disability had higher odds of being in the frequent pain group (OR 2.167, 95% CI 1.168-4.020). Higher scores on health-related quality of life in all five domains for girls, and in two domains for boys, was associated with lower odds of being categorized into the frequent pain group. Frequent pain was associated with poor sleep quality (boys OR 2.533, 95% CI 1.243-5.162; girls OR 2.803, 95% CI 1.276-6.158) and more sedentary time (boys weekends OR 1.131, 95% CI 1.022-1.253; girls weekdays OR 1.137, 95% CI 1.032-1.253), but not with physical activity. CONCLUSIONS The high prevalence of frequent pain needs to be acknowledged and treated by school health-care services and the healthcare sector in order to prevent pain from influencing health and lifestyle factors negatively in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S. Malmborg
- School of Health and Welfare, Halmstad University, Box 823, SE-301 18 Halmstad, Sweden
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, SE-302 74 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Josefine Roswall
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Halland Hospital, SE-301 85 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Gerd Almquist-Tangen
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Child Health Care Unit, Region Halland, SE-301 80 Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Jovanna Dahlgren
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bernt Alm
- Department of Pediatrics, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, SE-416 85 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Stefan Bergman
- Spenshult Research and Development Centre, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, SE-302 74 Halmstad, Sweden
- Primary Health Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 454, SE-405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Dahl AF, Bergem AK, Bjørnland T, Olsen-Bergem H. Temporomandibular pain and quality of life assessment in adolescents in a Norwegian cohort. Clin Exp Dent Res 2023. [PMID: 37243420 DOI: 10.1002/cre2.733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the prevalence of pain from the face and temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and oral function in adolescents and contribute to more focus on this patient group. METHODS A total of 957 adolescents were included in this study, in age cohorts 18, 16, and 14, scheduled for a dental recall examination. Clinical data were collected as a part of the routine clinical examination. All participants also answered a survey. RESULTS Almost half of the participants had experienced facial pain in the last 3 months, headache being the most prevalent site reported. A significantly higher prevalence was found for females for all pain sites, and facial pain was significantly higher among the oldest. A reduced maximal incisal opening was significantly associated with higher reported facial/jaw pain, with increased mouth opening pain and chewing pain. Fifty-seven percent of the participants reported the use of nonprescription painkillers, highest among females, and in the oldest age cohort, mainly caused by nonfeverish headaches. General health was found to be negatively correlated to facial pain, headache, pain intensity, and duration, pain upon oral function, and oral movement, as well as the use of nonprescriptive drugs. Females in the older age group, experience less quality of life in general, as they felt more worried, anxious, lonely, and sad, compared to males. CONCLUSION Facial- and TMJ pain was higher in females, and higher with increasing age. Almost half of the participants had experienced facial pain in the last 3 months, headache being the most prevalent site reported. General health was found to be negatively correlated to facial pain.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne K Bergem
- Psychiatric Division, The Norwegian Medical Association, Oslo, Norway
| | - Tore Bjørnland
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heming Olsen-Bergem
- Department of Oral Surgery and Oral Medicine, Faculty of Dentistry, Institute of Clinical Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
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Madero-Zambrano KP, Del Toro-Rubio M. Autopercepción de salud de adolescentes escolarizados en tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19. REVISTA CIENCIA Y CUIDADO 2023. [DOI: 10.22463/17949831.3475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Introducción: La adolescencia es una etapa esencial dentro del ciclo de vida humano. La presencia de enfermedades en esta etapa puede afectar la capacidad para crecer y desarrollarse a plenitud, sobre todo cuando son de índole física, psicológica y ocurren en contextos escolares. Objetivo: Evaluar la autopercepción de salud que tienen los estudiantes adolescentes matriculados en instituciones educativas en tiempos de pandemia por Covid-19. Cartagena 2021. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, de corte transversal, y correlacional. Población de 1188 estudiantes de 12-17 años de dos instituciones educativas en Cartagena (Colombia). Muestra estimada de 319 sujetos, seleccionados a través de muestreo aleatorio simple. Se aplicó encuesta sociodemográfica diseñada por el equipo investigador y validada por expertos y para el estado de salud percibido se usó el Cuestionario de Salud SF-36, la versión en español adaptada culturalmente al contexto colombiano por Lugo, García y Gómez la cual cuenta con alfas de Cronbach entre 0,7 y 0,94. Resultados: Los adolescentes fueron principalmente de 15 años (21,9%), de octavo (21,7%) y noveno (27,7%), se dedican a estudiar (95,9%), en sus familias se devengan menos del salario mínimo (42,3%) y entre 1-2 (40,8%). Viven con padre y madre, con o sin hermanos (72,7%), los padres están casados o en unión libre (60,5%) y han estudiado hasta bachillerato tanto madres (54,9%) como padres (49,2%). La autopercepción de la salud fue buena (32,6%) y excelente (33,9%). Se observaron correlaciones estadísticamente significativas (p < 0,05) entre dicha autopercepción y edad, grado, escolaridad del padre y valoración del rendimiento académico. Conclusión: Pese a la emergencia sanitaria ocasionada por la pandemia de covid-19, la autopercepción de salud que tienen un grupo de estudiantes adolescentes resulta ser favorable y positiva.
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Grasaas E, Skarstein S, Mikkelsen HT, Småstuen MC, Rohde G, Helseth S, Haraldstad K. The relationship between stress and health-related quality of life and the mediating role of self-efficacy in Norwegian adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2022; 20:162. [PMID: 36482450 PMCID: PMC9733140 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-022-02075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the transitional phase from childhood to adulthood, adolescents encounter many changes and challenges. Stress is associated with reduced health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents and, thus, impacts all aspects of their life. Adolescents' thoughts and beliefs in their capacity may be essential with regard to their subjective perception of stress and coping with it. Insights into the complexity of stress and exploration of the possible underlying mechanisms in adolescence are needed. We sought to describe stress, HRQOL, and self-efficacy and explore the association between stress and HRQOL by testing for self-efficacy as a possible mediator in adolescents. METHODS In total, 696 school-based adolescents aged 14-15 years participated in this study. Participants were recruited from 22 schools in the Eastern and Southern parts of Norway. All participants completed an electronic survey in their respective classrooms. The survey included demographic data, the Perceived Stress Questionnaire, the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire measuring HRQOL, and the General Perceived Self-Efficacy Scale. Statistical analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS Statistics software by Andrew Hayes model 4. RESULTS Descriptive analyses revealed overall low levels of stress with a score of 0.29 (SD, 0.15). Nevertheless, stress was negatively associated with all HRQOL subscales: physical well-being (B = - 25.60), psychological well-being (B = - 38.43), autonomy and parents (B = - 28.84), social support and peers (B = - 21.05), and school environment (B = - 30.28). Furthermore, these respective associations were all mediated by self-efficacy, which explained approximately one-fifth of the reduction in HRQOL. The highest degree of mediation and, thus, the largest indirect effect was estimated for the HRQOL subscale physical well-being (31.7%). CONCLUSIONS Our findings extend prior research on the mechanisms underlying the relationship between perceived stress and HRQOL in adolescents. They demonstrated that perceived stress explained most of the reduction in the HRQOL after adjusting for the effect of self-efficacy. Hence, stress itself appears to be an important target for future interventions to enhance HRQOL, rather than purely focusing on increasing self-efficacy to enhance the HRQOL in adolescents. Our findings highlight the importance of a better understanding of the underlying mechanisms to develop strategic and accurate interventions for adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Post Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Siv Skarstein
- grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hilde Timenes Mikkelsen
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Post Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Post Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.417290.90000 0004 0627 3712Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Post Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway ,grid.412414.60000 0000 9151 4445Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- grid.23048.3d0000 0004 0417 6230Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University in Agder, Post Box 422, 4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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Grasaas E, Helseth S, Fegran L, Stinson J, Småstuen M, Lalloo C, Haraldstad K. App-based intervention among adolescents with persistent pain: a pilot feasibility randomized controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2022; 8:158. [PMID: 35897086 PMCID: PMC9327289 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-022-01113-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent pain in adolescence adversely affects everyday life and is an important public health problem. The primary aim was to determine the feasibility of an 8-week app-based self-management intervention to reduce pain and improve health-related quality of life in a community-based population of adolescents with persistent pain. A secondary aim was to explore differences in health outcomes between the intervention and control groups. METHODS A sample of 73 adolescents aged 16-19 years with persistent pain from a community-based population were randomized into 2 groups. The intervention group received the Norwegian culturally adapted version of the iCanCope with PainTM app, which includes symptom tracking, goal setting, self-management strategies, and social support. The attention control group received a symptom tracking app. Feasibility was assessed as attrition rates and level of engagement (interactions with the app). The secondary outcomes included pain intensity, health-related quality of life, self-efficacy, pain self-efficacy, perceived social support from friends, anxiety and depression, and patient global impression. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS. RESULTS Demographic and baseline outcome variables did not differ between the 2 groups. No differences were found between the participants completing the study and those who withdrew. Twenty-eight adolescents completed the intervention as planned (62% attrition). Both groups had a low level of app engagement. Intention-to-treat analysis (n = 19 + 14) showed no significant differences in outcomes between groups. However, the large effect size (Cohen's d = .9) for depression suggested a lower depression score in the intervention group. CONCLUSIONS High treatment attrition and low engagement indicate the need for changes in trial design in a full-scale randomized controlled trial to improve participant retention. TRIAL REGISTRATION The iCanCope with Pain Norway trial was retrospectively registered in Clinical Trials.gov (ID: NCT03551977 ). Registered 6 June 2018.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Milada Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Malmborg JS, Bremander A, Bergman S, Haglund E, Olsson MC. Musculoskeletal pain and its association with health status, maturity, and sports performance in adolescent sport school students: a 2-year follow-up. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2022; 14:43. [PMID: 35313966 PMCID: PMC8939173 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-022-00437-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Musculoskeletal pain and its risk factors are rarely assessed in studies on adolescent athletes. The aim was to identify risk factors at baseline that were associated with the persistence or development of musculoskeletal pain at a two-year follow-up in adolescent sport school students, and to study cross-sectional associations at follow-up between musculoskeletal pain and sports performance.
Methods Sport school students (79 boys and 52 girls, aged 14 years at baseline) were divided into infrequent (never–monthly) or frequent (weekly–almost daily) pain groups, based on frequency of pain using a pain mannequin. Logistic regression analyses were performed to study longitudinal associations between frequent pain at follow-up and baseline variables: pain group, number of regions with frequent pain, health status by EQ-5D, maturity offset (pre, average, or post peak height velocity), and sports (contact or non-contact). Linear regression analyses were used to study cross-sectional associations between pain groups and 20-m sprint, agility T-test, counter-movement jump, and grip strength at follow-up. Results were stratified by sex. Results A higher percentage of girls than boys reported frequent pain at follow-up (62% vs. 37%; p = 0.005). In boys, frequent pain at follow-up was associated with being pre peak height velocity at baseline (OR 3.884, CI 1.146–13.171; p = 0.029) and participating in non-contact sports (OR 3.429, CI 1.001–11.748; p = 0.050). In girls, frequent pain at follow-up was associated with having frequent pain in two or more body regions at baseline (OR 3.600, CI 1.033–12.542; p = 0.044), having a worse health status at baseline (OR 3.571, CI 1.026–12.434; p = 0.045), and participating in non-contact sports (OR 8.282, CI 2.011–34.116; p = 0.003). In boys, frequent pain was associated with worse performances in 20-m sprint and counter-movement jump, but not in agility T-test and grip strength. Conclusions Baseline risk factors for having frequent pain at follow-up were late maturation in boys, frequent pain and worse health status in girls, and participation in non-contact sports in both sexes. Boys with pain performed worse in sports tests. Coaches and school health-care services should pay attention to the risk factors and work towards preventing pain from becoming persistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia S Malmborg
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden. .,Spenshult Research and Development Center, FoU Spenshult, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, 302 74, Halmstad, Sweden.
| | - Ann Bremander
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden.,Spenshult Research and Development Center, FoU Spenshult, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, 302 74, Halmstad, Sweden.,Department of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Winsløvsparken 19.3, 5000, Odense, Denmark.,Danish Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases, University Hospital of Southern Denmark, Engelshøjgade 9A, 6400, Sønderborg, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - Stefan Bergman
- Spenshult Research and Development Center, FoU Spenshult, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, 302 74, Halmstad, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden.,Primary Health Care Unit, Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 454, 405 30, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Emma Haglund
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden.,Spenshult Research and Development Center, FoU Spenshult, Bäckagårdsvägen 47, 302 74, Halmstad, Sweden.,Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Section of Rheumatology, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00, Lund, Sweden
| | - M Charlotte Olsson
- Department of Environmental and Biosciences, School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Box 823, 301 18, Halmstad, Sweden
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Associations between pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in adolescents: a cross-sectional survey. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1617. [PMID: 34482826 PMCID: PMC8418745 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11680-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although pain has been identified as an important public health problem among adolescents, few studies have investigated possible protective and risk factors for pain. The main aim of the present study was to investigate associations between prevalence of daily pain, self-efficacy, sleep duration, and symptoms of depression in a representative sample of Norwegian adolescents. Methods A comprehensive cross-sectional survey was completed by 12,867 junior high school students and high school students (response rate: 90%) aged 14–19 years. Logistic regression models were adjusted for age, gender, and parental educational level. Results We found a high prevalence of daily pain among adolescents, especially among girls (19%) compared with boys (7%). Short sleep duration was associated with increased odds ratios (ORs) of pain in the shoulders/neck (OR 1.3; 95% CI 1.3–2.0) and stomach (1.7; 1.2–2.4). Symptoms of depression were associated with increased ORs for all measured types of daily pain, including head (3.7; 3.0–4.6), shoulders/neck (3.9; 3.1–4.8), joints/muscles (4.3; 3.3–5.6), and stomach (5.5; 4.1–7.4). By contrast, self-efficacy was not associated with any form of daily pain. Conclusion Given the burden of pain, high incidence of pain problems, and strong association between pain and depression and, to some degree, short sleep duration, co-occurring symptoms may be an important area for research in the public health field. The results highlight the importance of early identification and prevention. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand better pain problems and their underlying mechanisms with the aim of developing targeted interventions.
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Mikkelsen HT, Haraldstad K, Helseth S, Skarstein S, Småstuen MC, Rohde G. Pain and health-related quality of life in adolescents and the mediating role of self-esteem and self-efficacy: a cross-sectional study including adolescents and parents. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:128. [PMID: 34462000 PMCID: PMC8404017 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00629-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To promote health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents with pain, it is important to study factors associated with pain. This study aimed to describe selected factors and pain in 14–15-year-old adolescents and their parents, to assess how these factors are associated with adolescent pain groups, and to explore whether the relationship between pain intensity and HRQOL in adolescents with persistent pain is mediated by self-esteem and self-efficacy. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed among 508 dyads of adolescents (14–15 years) and parents in a school-based setting. Among these, 148 adolescents had persistent pain. We explored the following variables: HRQOL, pain, self-efficacy, self-esteem, sleep, loneliness, stress and sociodemographic variables. All variables were assessed with well-validated instruments. HRQOL was measured with KIDSCREEN-27. Analyses included Chi-square, ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U tests, Kruskal–Wallis and the PROCESS macro method for mediation analyses. Results Adolescents with pain reported significantly higher levels of stress, loneliness and lack of sleep and lower levels of self-efficacy, self-esteem and HRQOL compared to adolescents without pain. More girls than boys reported pain. Adolescents with persistent pain scored significantly worse on self-esteem, stress, loneliness, lack of sleep, school absence, pain and HRQOL compared to adolescents with shorter pain duration. Adolescent pain groups did not differ significantly considering parental factors. However, more adolescents with persistent pain reported that someone in their family had pain. The associations between pain intensity and the HRQOL subscales in adolescents with persistent pain were completely mediated by self-esteem, but not by self-efficacy. The highest degree of mediation was estimated for the HRQOL subscale school environment (indirect effect = 73.5%). Conclusions Our findings highlight the complexity within adolescent pain, demonstrating that adolescents with pain differ from adolescents without pain when it comes to gender, school absence, factors within-person and between-persons. Longer pain duration makes adolescents more vulnerable. We confirm the importance of resilience factors for HRQOL but indicate that self-esteem is more important than self-efficacy. To promote HRQOL in adolescents with persistent pain, a strengthening of both their self-esteem and self-efficacy is recommended. We highlight the need for an individual, holistic approach to adolescent pain. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-021-00629-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilde Timenes Mikkelsen
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Siv Skarstein
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Milada Cvancarova Småstuen
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- Department of Health and Nursing, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Clinical Research, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
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Nyirö L, Potthoff T, Siegenthaler MH, Riner F, Schweinhardt P, Wirth B. Translation and validation of the German version of the Young Spine Questionnaire. BMC Pediatr 2021; 21:359. [PMID: 34429090 PMCID: PMC8383347 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-021-02804-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Back pain in childhood and adolescence increases the risk for back pain in adulthood, but validated assessment tools are scarce. The aim of this study was to validate the Young Spine Questionnaire (YSQ) in a German version (G-YSQ) in children and adolescents. Methods Children and adolescents between 10 and 16 years (N = 240, 166 females, mean age = 13.05 ± 1.70 years), recruited in chiropractic practices and schools, completed the G-YSQ (translated according to scientific guidelines) and the KIDSCREEN-10 (assessing health-related quality of life) at three time points. Test-retest reliability was determined calculating intraclass correlation coefficients [ICC(3,1)] using start and two week-data. Construct validity was investigated testing a priori hypotheses. To assess responsiveness, the patients additionally filled in the Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) after three months and the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating curves was calculated. Results The ICC(3,1) was 0.88 for pain intensity and pain frequency, indicating good reliability, 0.68 for week prevalence and 0.60 for point prevalence, indicating moderate reliability. Pain intensity, frequency and prevalence differed between patients and controls (p < 0.001) and, except point prevalence, between older (> 12 years) and younger control participants (p < 0.01). Health-related quality of life of participants with severe pain (in one or several spinal regions) was lower (KIDSCREEN-10, total score: F(4,230) = 7.26, p < 0.001; KIDSCREEN-10, self-rated general health: H(4) = 51.94, p < 0.001) than that of participants without pain or with moderate pain in one spinal region. Thus, altogether these findings indicate construct validity of the G-YSQ. The AUC was 0.69 (95 % CI = 0.57–0.82) and 0.67 (95 % CI = 0.54–0.80) for week and point prevalence, respectively, indicating insufficient responsiveness of the G-YSQ. Conclusions Apart from the question on point prevalence, construct validity and sufficient test-retest reliability was shown for the G-YSQ. However, its responsiveness needs to be improved, possibly by asking for pain frequency during the last week instead of (dichotomous) week prevalence. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02955342, registered 07/09/2016, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/results?cond=&term=NCT02955342&cntry=CH&state=&city=Zurich&dist=. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12887-021-02804-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luana Nyirö
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Potthoff
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mette Hobaek Siegenthaler
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland.,Holbeinpraxis, Holbeinstrasse 65, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Fabienne Riner
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schweinhardt
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Brigitte Wirth
- Integrative Spinal Research Group, Department of Chiropractic Medicine, Balgrist University Hospital and University of Zurich, Forchstr. 340, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Winterthur Institute of Health Economics, School of Management and Law, University of Applied Sciences, Gertrudstr. 15, 8400, Winterthur, Switzerland.
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Shaygan M, Jahandide Z, Zarifsanaiey N. An investigation of the effect of smartphone-based pain management application on pain intensity and the quality-of-life dimensions in adolescents with chronic pain: a cluster randomized parallel-controlled trial. Qual Life Res 2021; 30:3431-3442. [PMID: 34057649 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-021-02891-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic pain negatively affects adolescents' quality of life. Therefore, it is important to seek for ways to effectively manage pain, which may, in turn, promote quality-of-life dimensions in this population. However, there are many barriers including geographical distance which prevent most adolescents from receiving an effective treatment for chronic pain. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of a smartphone-based pain management application compared with face-to-face pain management program and wait-list control on the pain intensity and quality-of-life dimensions in adolescents with chronic pain. METHODS This study used a cluster double-blinded randomized parallel-group design with school as the unit of randomization. Participants included were 192 adolescents with chronic pain. The questionnaires (pain intensity and quality of life measuring physical, emotional, social, and school dimensions) were completed at the baseline, immediately at the end of pain management program and three months after the end of the program. RESULTS Repeated measures ANOVAs with adjustment for clustering effect showed that there were significant main effects of time on ratings of pain intensity (p < 0.01), physical (p < 0.005), emotional (p < 0.008), social (p < 0.001), and school (p < 0.005) dimensions of quality of life. There was also a significant main effect of group on ratings of emotional (p < 0.001), social (p < 0.009), and school (p < 0.002) dimensions. The interaction of group × time for emotional (p < 0.004), social (p < 0.001), and school (p < 0.005) dimensions of quality of life was statistically significant. DISCUSSION The findings suggest that smartphone-based pain management program, which is a highly accessible and cost-effective intervention, may provide benefits similar to a face-to-face intervention and shows promise for being effective on emotional, social, and school dimensions of quality of life in adolescents with different types of chronic pain. The study was registered within the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20180808040744N2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 713451359, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Zahra Jahandide
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nahid Zarifsanaiey
- Department of e-learning, Virtual School, Center of Excellence for e-Learning in Medical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Educational Needs and Resources for Teachers Working with Students with Chronic Pain: Results of a Delphi Study. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13084510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Children and adolescents spend most of their time at school. Therefore, teachers could be of help to improve the quality of life of students with chronic pain while they are at school. The aim of this study was to identify teachers’ educational needs and resources to help improve the adjustment to and function in the school of students with chronic pain. A Delphi survey including two rounds was conducted. Overall, 49 needs were identified in the first round. They were related to education, training, organization/logistics, and communication with the family and the health care center. Among the most important needs, based on the importance given and consensus reached, were (1) having information about the most appropriate attitudes and responses to a student with chronic pain, (2) how to reduce absenteeism, (3) how to ease the return to school after a long absence due to his or her pain problem, and (4) how to establish effective communication with the family. The results of this study provide new important data on the educational needs and resources which teachers would like to have to help their students with chronic pain at school, which could be used to develop educative programs for teachers.
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21
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Fegran L, Johannessen B, Ludvigsen MS, Westergren T, Høie M, Slettebø Å, Rohde G, Helseth S, Haraldstad K. Experiences of a non-clinical set of adolescents and young adults living with persistent pain: a qualitative metasynthesis. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e043776. [PMID: 33875442 PMCID: PMC8057544 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-043776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Around 15%-30% of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) experience persistent or chronic pain. The purpose of this study was to synthesise evidence from qualitative primary studies on how AYAs in a non-clinical population experience living with persistent pain. METHOD A qualitative metasynthesis guided by Sandelowski and Barroso's guidelines was used. The databases Medline, Embase, Cinahl, PsycINFO, Mednar and ProQuest were searched for studies from 1 January 2005 to 15 February 2021. Inclusion criteria were AYAs aged 13-24 years with first-hand experience of living with persistent, recurrent or episodic non-clinical pain in any body site. Pain associated with a medical diagnosis, malignant diseases, medical procedures or sport activities was excluded. RESULTS Of 2618 screened records, data from nine studies conducted in a Western cultural context including 184 participants (127 female and 57 male aged 11-28 years) were analysed into metasummaries and a metasynthesis. Headaches was the most focused pain condition (n=5), while three of the studies did not specify type of pain. The participants' experiences were characterised by (1) juggling pain with everyday life; (2) exploring sources of information to manage pain; (3) AYAs' use of medication to find relief and (4) non-pharmacological strategies for pain relief. CONCLUSION These AYAs experience of how pain influences everyday life, and their striving to find relief from pain by support from family, friends, professionals and the Internet should be strongly respected. Public health nurses and other healthcare professionals encountering AYAs need to respect their pain experiences, and to support them in healthy coping strategies. Further studies on this issue are needed, especially research focusing on AYAs pain in exposed populations and AYAs from non-Western cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Fegran
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
- Department of Pediatrics, Sørlandet Sykehus HF, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Berit Johannessen
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
| | - Mette Spliid Ludvigsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Midtjylland, Denmark
- Faculty of Nursing and Health Sciences, Nord University, Bodø, Norway
| | - Thomas Westergren
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
| | - Magnhild Høie
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Åshild Slettebø
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway
| | - Gudrun Rohde
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
- Department of Clinical Research, Sørlandet Sykehus HF, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Vest-Agder, Norway
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22
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Gibler RC, Jastrowski Mano KE. Systematic Review of Autonomic Nervous System Functioning in Pediatric Chronic Pain. Clin J Pain 2021; 37:281-294. [PMID: 33656000 DOI: 10.1097/ajp.0000000000000915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic pain is a common and debilitating health problem that impacts up to one third of children and adolescents. The pathophysiological mechanisms of chronic pain are complex, but considerable research links dysfunction of the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and chronic pain in adults. No review of ANS functioning has been conducted in pediatric chronic pain. We systematically reviewed studies examining ANS activity among youth with primary chronic pain conditions. METHODS A systematic search of PsycINFO, PubMed, and CINAHL was conducted using specific search terms. Articles were included if studies measured heart rate, blood pressure, heart rate variability, galvanic skin responses, or pupillometry among children or adolescents with a chronic pain condition. Studies examining these factors in the context of a specific disease-related pain condition were excluded. RESULTS Of the 1304 articles screened, 15 studies met the criteria for inclusion in this review. All included studies were cross-sectional and primarily included youth with abdominal pain. Results revealed preliminary evidence of reduced parasympathetic activity among youth with pain as measured by heart rate variability. However, results were mixed across ANS indices. Measurement and procedural differences, in addition to a lack of control groups in some studies, limit the interpretability of the reviewed findings. DISCUSSION Additional studies with larger and more diverse samples of youth with various chronic primary pain conditions are needed to delineate possible relationships among ANS functioning and the development and maintenance of chronic pain in children and adolescents. Clinical implications and avenues for future research are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert C Gibler
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
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23
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Abstract
Purpose of Review This paper seeks to explore the definitions of quality of life and its application to pediatric research and clinical practice. This paper also highlights some of the imperfections in evaluating patient-reported outcomes designed to measure quality of life in pediatrics. Additionally, this paper explores some of the unique challenges in promoting quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic. Recent Findings There are numerous different measurement scales to examine quality of life in children of different ages, and with a variety of disease states. Summary Despite the number of quality of life measurement tools, not every patient population has a validated measure, including patients with palliative care needs. There is no consensus on how to incorporate findings from patient-reported outcomes into clinical practice recommendations. Professional organizations offer guidance and resources for families to encourage focus on quality of life during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresa Vente
- Division of Palliative Care, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue Box 117, Chicago, IL 60611 USA
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24
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Marusak HA, Iadipaolo AS, Cohen C, Goldberg E, Taub JW, Harper FWK, Bluth MH, Rabinak CA. Martial Arts-Based Therapy Reduces Pain and Distress Among Children with Chronic Health Conditions and Their Siblings. J Pain Res 2020; 13:3467-3478. [PMID: 33402843 PMCID: PMC7778380 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s283364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Test whether a martial arts-based therapy, Kids Kicking Cancer (KKC), can reduce pain and emotional distress in children with cancer, other chronic health conditions (e.g., sickle cell), and healthy siblings. Methods This study surveyed children’s pain and distress levels immediately before and after a 1-hr in-person KKC class. Eligible participants were enrolled in standard KKC classes, were diagnosed with a chronic health condition (e.g., cancer, sickle cell) or were the sibling of a child diagnosed and were between the ages of 5–17 years (inclusive). Children reported on their pain and distress using Likert-style scales (Coloured Analog Scale and modified FACES scale, respectively). Friedman test was used to test for overall changes in pain and distress, and within subgroups. Age and sex effects were evaluated using Spearman’s rank-order correlation. Additional Yes/No questions were administered regarding KKC satisfaction and use of techniques. Results Fifty-nine youth (19 cancer patients, 17 non-cancer patients, 23 siblings; 5–17 yrs, 26 females) completed this study. Overall, there was a significant reduction in pain (p = 0.033) and emotional distress (p < 0.001) after a 1-hr class, with 50% and 89% of youth reporting a reduction in pain and distress, respectively. On average, pain levels remained within the mild/moderate range on average (i.e., pre vs. post levels; pre: M = 1.67, post: M = 1.33) and emotional distress went from mild/moderate to none/mild distress, on average (pre: M = 1.92, post: M = 1.08). Youth with higher pre-class pain and distress reported greater reductions (p = 0.001 and p < 0.001, respectively). The reduction in pain appeared to be most pronounced with cancer and non-cancer patients. In contrast, the reduction in distress appeared to be most pronounced among healthy siblings. However, overall, reductions in pain and distress did not significantly differ among subgroups (i.e., cancer patients, non-cancer patients, siblings), and change in pain and distress was not associated with age or sex. Ninety-six percent of youth would recommend KKC to others and 81% reported using KKC techniques (e.g., the Breath BrakeTM or other martial arts techniques) outside of class, such as at home. Conclusion Results support the more widespread application of KKC as a psychosocial intervention for reducing pain and distress in various pediatric populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilary A Marusak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Allesandra S Iadipaolo
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | | | - Elimelech Goldberg
- Kids Kicking Cancer, Southfield, MI, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Taub
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Felicity W K Harper
- Population Studies and Disparities Research Program, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Oncology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Martin H Bluth
- Kids Kicking Cancer, Southfield, MI, USA.,Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Christine A Rabinak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Merrill Palmer Skillman Institute, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pharmacy Practice, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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Hirota T, Takahashi M, Adachi M, Nakamura K. Pediatric health-related quality of life and school social capital through network perspectives. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0242670. [PMID: 33264333 PMCID: PMC7710098 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0242670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Despite their importance in population health among children and adolescents, our understanding of how individual items mutually interact within and between pediatric health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and school social capital is limited. Methods We employed network analysis in a general population sample of 7759 children aged 9–15 years to explore the network structure of relations among pediatric HRQOL and school social capital items measured using validated scales. Furthermore, network centrality was examined to identify central items that had stronger and more direct connections with other items in the network than others. Network structure and overall strength of connectivity among items were compared between groups (by sex and age). Results Our analysis revealed that the item related to school/academic functioning and the item related to shared enjoyment among students had the highest strength centrality in the network of HRQOL and school social capital, respectively, underpinning their critical roles in pediatric HRQOL and school social capital. Additionally, the edge connecting “I trust my friends at school” and “trouble getting along with peers” had the strongest negative edge weight among ones connecting school social capital and pediatric HRQOL constructs. Network comparison test revealed stronger overall network connectivity in middle schoolers compared to elementary schoolers but no differences between male and female students. Conclusion The network approach elucidated the complex relationship of mutually influencing items within and between pediatric HRQOL and school social capital. Addressing central items may promote children’s perceived health and school social capital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Hirota
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States of America
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- * E-mail: ,
| | - Michio Takahashi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Masaki Adachi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakamura
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
- Research Center for Child Mental Development, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, Hirosaki, Aomori, Japan
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Health-related quality of life is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness, and stress in 14-15-year-old adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:352. [PMID: 33138833 PMCID: PMC7607747 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-01585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To enhance and better understand health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in adolescents, it is important to study factors associated with HRQOL. The present study aimed to assess possible associations between sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness, stress and HRQOL in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed among 696 adolescents (14-15 years) in a school-based setting. Sociodemographic variables, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress were analyzed. The variables were all assessed with well-validated instruments. HRQOL was analyzed using KIDSCREEN 27. Analyses included Chi-square, independent t-tests, Mann-Whitney U tests, linear regression analyses and hierarchical regression analyses. The results from linear regression models were expressed as standardized beta. RESULTS The adolescents generally reported high levels of HRQOL. However, girls scored significantly worse on HRQOL, self-efficacy, self-esteem, pain, sleep, loneliness and stress compared to boys. Using hierarchical regression analyses we found that Self-efficacy (beta = 0.11-0.24), Self-esteem: (beta = 0.12-0.21), Loneliness: (beta = - 0.24 to - 0.45) and Stress: (beta = - 0.26 to - 0.34) revealed the strongest associations with the HRQOL dimensions. Sociodemographic-, pain- and sleep related covariates were all significantly associated with some of the KIDSCREEN subscales, however their effect on the outcome was smaller than for the psychosocial variables listed above. Being a girl, not living with both parents, not having both parents working, being absent from school more than 4 days, having pain and having lack of enough sleep were all independently negatively associated with HRQOL. CONCLUSIONS HRQOL is strongly associated with self-efficacy, self-esteem, loneliness and stress in 14 to 15-year-old adolescents. Our findings indicate that positive psychosocial factors such as self-efficacy and self-esteem might play a buffer role for negative psychosocial factors (e.g. stress) in adolescents. Further, our results show that girls score significantly worse on factors that are associated to HRQOL compared to boys. To improve HRQOL in school-based populations of adolescents, we suggest that future interventions should aim to strengthen self-efficacy and self-esteem. We recommend gender specific interventions.
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27
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Riiser K, Helseth S, Christophersen KA, Haraldstad K. Confirmatory factor analysis of the proxy version of Kidscreen-27 and relationships between health-related quality of life dimensions and body mass index and physical activity in young schoolchildren. Prev Med Rep 2020; 20:101210. [PMID: 32995148 PMCID: PMC7516181 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2020.101210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The full Kidscreen-27 should be used with caution for young children. Physical activity was positively associated with physical well-being. Body mass was negatively associated with physical well-being. Compared to older children, the youngest may have more negative school experiences.
The aim of the study was to perform a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) to investigate the psychometric properties of the proxy version of Kidscreen-27 in order to determine whether the instrument can be used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young children (five to six years of age). Furthermore, we aimed to examine the relationships between the HRQoL dimensions and the body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), age, and gender. Altogether, 276 children from schools in eastern Norway were included (September 2016). HRQoL was measured using the Kidscreen-27 proxy version. CFA was conducted to examine the factorial validity of the five-dimension instrument. Structural equation modelling was used to estimate the relationship between the independent variables and the HRQoL subscales that showed an acceptable fit; physical well-being, social support and peers, and school environment. PA was positively, and BMI negatively associated with physical well-being (p < 0.5). Parents of the youngest children reported more negatively on the school environment subscale (p < 0.5). The full 27-item proxy version of Kidscreen should be used with caution for children as young as five to six years as two of the subscales were found to have unsatisfactory factor loadings. The physical well-being, the social support and peers, and the school environment subscales can provide valid and valuable data for research and practice. Even though the associations are small, it is worrying that adverse relationships between PA and BMI and physical well-being are detectable in such a young sample as included here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsti Riiser
- Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, PO Box 4 St. Olavsplass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, PO Box 4 St. Olavsplass, N-0130 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Sciences, University of Agder, PO Box 422, N-4604 Kristiansand, Norway
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Grasaas E, Helseth S, Fegran L, Stinson J, Småstuen M, Haraldstad K. Health-related quality of life in adolescents with persistent pain and the mediating role of self-efficacy: a cross-sectional study. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2020; 18:19. [PMID: 32000787 PMCID: PMC6993393 DOI: 10.1186/s12955-020-1273-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Persistent pain has a high prevalence among adolescents. Pain has been shown to reduce all aspects of the adolescent’s health-related quality of life (HRQOL). In adult patients with pain, self-efficacy has been shown to mediate the relationship between pain intensity, disability and depression. However, little is known about whether self-efficacy acts as a mediating variable in the relationship between persistent pain and HRQOL sub-scale scores in a school-based population of adolescents. Objectives To describe the experience of pain, HRQOL and self-efficacy, and to explore the association between pain intensity, general self-efficacy and HRQOL in adolescents with persistent pain by testing self-efficacy as a possible mediator. Methods The study participants were 78 adolescents with persistent pain, aged 16–19 years, who were recruited from five high schools in southern Norway. All participants completed an electronic survey consisting of the Lubeck Pain Questionnaire, which included a visual analogue scale (VAS) measuring pain intensity, the General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSE) and the KIDSCREEN-52 Questionnaire measuring HRQOL. Statistical analyses were conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS developed by Andrew Hayes. Results All participants reported pain in multiple locations, of which the head was most common (88.5%). Mean (SD) pain intensity score of the participants was 5.4 (1.8). The study sample had poor HRQOL, with mean (SD) scores for several sub-scales ranging from 45.2 (21.0) to 91.0 (13.3) on a 0–100 scale. The associations between pain intensity and the HRQOL sub-scales of physical well-being, psychological well-being, mood, self-perception, autonomy and school environment were mediated by self-efficacy. The highest degree of mediation and, thus, the largest indirect effect was estimated for the HRQOL sub-scale physical well-being (67.2%). Conclusions This school-based sample of adolescents with persistent pain had impaired HRQOL. Up to 67% of the reduction in the HRQOL sub-scale scores for physical well-being, psychological well-being, mood, self-perception, autonomy and school environment could be explained by the mediating variable self-efficacy. Thus, future pain-management interventions that aim to increase HRQOL in school-based populations of adolescents with persistent pain should consider promoting self-efficacy and providing more targeted interventions. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT03551977.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway.,Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.,Lawrence S. Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Milada Småstuen
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Postbox 422, 4604, Kristiansand, Norway
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Abstract
Musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is frequently reported among adolescents and children and is a common reason for consultation in primary care. Our aim is to examine its prevalence in 6-year-old children in a general population and to assess associations with physical and psychosocial factors. Data from the Generation R Study, a population-based cohort, was used. Prevalence and characteristics of MSK pain were assessed with parent-reported questionnaires at 6 years of age (N = 6200). Demographics and data on physical activity, sedentary behaviors, previous reported MSK pain, and behavioral problems were extracted from questionnaires. The body mass index SD score was calculated from objectively measured weight and height. A 3-month prevalence of 10.0% was found for MSK pain in children, of which one-third was chronic, and 44.6% experienced together with pain at other sites. Univariate analyses showed that boys and children with lower socioeconomic status reported MSK pain more frequently compared to other pain and no pain. Although no associations were found between MSK pain and children's body mass index and physical activity level, children with MSK pain were more likely to watch television ≥2 hours/day. Multivariable analysis showed significant associations for MSK pain at 3 years of age (odds ratio 5.10, 95% confidence interval 3.25-7.98) and behavioral problems (odds ratio 2.10, 95% confidence interval 1.19-3.72) with the presence of MSK pain. So, MSK pain is already common in young children and is often chronic or recurrent. Previous reported MSK pain and behavioral problems are independently associated with MSK pain in the studied population.
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Salviano CF, Gomes PL, Martins G. Experiências vividas por famílias e crianças com sintomas urinários e intestinais: revisão sistemática de métodos mistos. ESCOLA ANNA NERY 2020. [DOI: 10.1590/2177-9465-ean-2019-0137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo Mapear e descrever a ocorrência de sintomas urinários e intestinais durante a infância e investigar o impacto de tais sintomas nas experiências vividas por crianças e suas famílias. Método Revisão sistemática de métodos mistos realizada nas bases eletrônicas MEDLINE/PUBMED, CINAHL, LILACS, PSYCINFO e EMBASE em julho de 2019, as quais geraram 3.020 referências. Após remoção das duplicatas, 2.521 títulos e resumos foram triados com filtro de tempo, e aplicado critérios de inclusão. Desses, 31 artigos foram lidos na íntegra e avaliados quanto à qualidade metodológica pelo Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, resultando em 15 artigos como amostra final. Resultados Foram encontrados: sentimento de inferioridade, agressividade, culpa e vergonha. A revisão evidenciou, ainda, o impacto negativo dos sintomas urinários e/ou intestinais no contexto social da criança e de sua família, em especial, no ambiente escolar. Conclusão e implicações para a prática Essa revisão sistemática de métodos mistos evidencia a importância de trabalhar os impactos emocionais e sociais da criança, em especial os eventos no ambiente escolar. Se faz necessário subsidiar o profissional de saúde na assistência às famílias e crianças com sintomas urinários e/ou intestinais, no sentido de prover um cuidado ampliado, valorizando as necessidades biopsicoemocionais da díade criança-família.
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Recklitis CJ, Liptak C, Footer D, Fine E, Chordas C, Manley P. Prevalence and Correlates of Pain in Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Pediatric Brain Tumors. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2019; 8:641-648. [DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2019.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Recklitis
- Perini Family Survivors' Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Cori Liptak
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Dana Footer
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Elizabeth Fine
- Perini Family Survivors' Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Christine Chordas
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Peter Manley
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
- Department of Pediatric Neuro-oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Latimer M, Rudderham S, Lethbridge L, MacLeod E, Harman K, Sylliboy JR, Filiaggi C, Finley GA. Occurrence of and referral to specialists for pain-related diagnoses in First Nations and non-First Nations children and youth. CMAJ 2019; 190:E1434-E1440. [PMID: 30530610 DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.180198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indigenous youth have higher rates of chronic health conditions interfering with healthy development, including high rates of ear, dental, chest and musculoskeletal pain, as well as headache, arthritis and mental health issues. This study explores differences in pain-related diagnoses in First Nations and non-First Nations children. METHODS Data from a study population of age- and sex-matched First Nations and non-First Nations children and youth were accessed from a specific region of Atlantic Canada. The primary objective of the study was to compare diagnosis rates of painful conditions and specialist visits between cohorts. The secondary objective was to determine whether there were correlations between early physical pain exposure and pain in adolescence (physical and mental health). RESULTS Although ear- and throat-related diagnoses were more likely in the First Nations group than in the non-First Nations group (ear 67.3% v. 56.8%, p < 0.001; throat 89.3% v. 78.8%, p < 0.001, respectively), children in the First Nations group were less likely to see a relevant specialist (ear 11.8% v. 15.5%, p < 0.001; throat 12.7% v. 16.1%, p < 0.001, respectively). First Nations newborns were more likely to experience an admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) than non-First Nations newborns (24.4% v. 18.4%, p < 0.001, respectively). Non-First Nations newborns experiencing an NICU admission were more likely to receive a mental health diagnosis in adolescence, but the same was not found with the First Nations group (3.4% v. 5.7%, p < 0.03, respectively). First Nations children with a diagnosis of an ear or urinary tract infection in early childhood were almost twice as likely to have a diagnosis of headache or abdominal pain as adolescents (odds ratio [OR] 1.9, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.1-3.0, and OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.2-2.3, respectively). INTERPRETATION First Nations children were diagnosed with more pain than non-First Nations children, but did not access specific specialists or mental health services, and were not diagnosed with mental health conditions, at the same rate as their non-First Nations counterparts. Discrepancies in pain-related diagnoses and treatment are evident in these specific comparative cohorts. Community-based health care access and treatment inquiries are required to determine ways to improve care delivery for common childhood conditions that affect health and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margot Latimer
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Sharon Rudderham
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Lynn Lethbridge
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Emily MacLeod
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Katherine Harman
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - John R Sylliboy
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - Corey Filiaggi
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
| | - G Allen Finley
- Faculty of Health (Latimer), Dalhousie University; Centre for Pediatric Pain Research (Latimer, MacLeod, Sylliboy, Filiaggi, Finley), IWK Health Centre, Halifax, NS; Department of Integrated Studies (Sylliboy), McGill University, Montréal, Que.; Eskasoni Health Centre (Rudderham), Eskasoni, NS; Departments of Surgery (Lethbridge) and Anesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine (Finley), and School of Physiotherapy (Harman), Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS
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Hovsepian S, Qorbani M, Asadi M, Hatami M, Motlagh ME, Mahdavi-Gorabi A, Noroozi M, Kelishadi R. Socioeconomic Inequalities in Quality of Life in Iranian Children and Adolescents: The Weight Disorder Survey of the CASPIAN-IV Study. J Res Health Sci 2019; 19:e00451. [PMID: 31586372 PMCID: PMC7183559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to determine the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in a representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents. STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional study. METHODS In this nationwide school-based study, 6-18-yr-old students were selected via multistage cluster random sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran in 2011-2012. SES of each participant was determined using the categories of the Progress International Reading Literacy Study (PIRLS) for Iran and the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) method. The students' HRQL was evaluated using the Persian version of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL™ 4.0TM 4.0) Generic Core Scales. The level of physical activity was evaluated using the physical activity questionnaire for adolescents. The association between SES and HRQL was evaluated using multiple linear regression analysis. RESULTS Overall, 23043 students were enrolled. The mean of total PedsQL™ score, school function, and psychosocial subscales was significantly different between different categories of SES (P<0.001). The differences in total population and among girls were between low and middle categories and low and high categories, but in boys, the difference was between low and high categories. There was a significant association between SES and school functioning, psychosocial function, and total score of HRQOL. Moderate and high SES had higher score compared to low SES group [β=1.0(0.5-1.6) for Moderate SES/Low SES and β=1.6(1.0-2.2) for High SES/Low SES]. CONCLUSION SES is in positive association with HRQOL of Iranian schoolchildren, mainly due to its impact on school function. HRQOL could be improved by elimination of the socio-economic inequalities especially in the field of school function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silva Hovsepian
- 1Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mostafa Qorbani
- 2Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran,3Endocrinology & Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Correspondence : Mostafa Qorbani (PhD) Tel: +98 44841342 E-mail:
| | - Mojgan Asadi
- 4Osteoporosis Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Motahareh Hatami
- 5Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Armita Mahdavi-Gorabi
- 7Department of Basic and Clinical Research, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Noroozi
- 8Social Determinants of Health Research Center, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Kelishadi
- 1Pediatrics Department, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Grasaas E, Fegran L, Helseth S, Stinson J, Martinez S, Lalloo C, Haraldstad K. iCanCope With Pain: Cultural Adaptation and Usability Testing of a Self-Management App for Adolescents With Persistent Pain in Norway. JMIR Res Protoc 2019; 8:e12940. [PMID: 31162132 PMCID: PMC6682291 DOI: 10.2196/12940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Persistent or chronic pain is a common health problem among adolescents. Thus, it is important that they receive evidence-based strategies for symptom management. iCanCope with Pain is a mobile phone app designed to help adolescents cope with chronic pain. The app comprises 5 evidence- and theory-based features: (I) symptom trackers for pain, sleep, mood, physical function, and energy; (II) goal setting to improve pain and function; (III) a coping toolbox of pain self-management strategies; (IV) social support; and (V) age-appropriate pain education. The iCanCope with Pain app is based on theory, identified health care needs, and current best practices for pain self-management. OBJECTIVE The objectives of this study were to describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the app into the Norwegian context and evaluate the app's usability using a phased approach. METHODS Phase 1 included translation and cultural adaptation of the app into the Norwegian context. This process used an expert panel of researchers and target group representatives who were responsible for the linguistic quality assurance and assessment. In phases 2 and 3 the app's usability was tested. For phase 2, the assessments of usability and user experiences included observation, the think aloud method, audiovisual recordings, questionnaires, and individual interviews in a laboratory setting. For phase 3, the assessment of usability and user experience over a 2-week home-based test included questionnaires and individual end-user interviews. Overall, app usability was determined based on ease of use, efficiency, and user satisfaction. Qualitative data were analyzed using deductive content analysis. Descriptive statistics were calculated for quantitative data. RESULTS End users did not report any misunderstandings or discrepancies with the words or phrasing of the translated and culturally adapted app. Participants in both the laboratory- and home-based usability tests found the app self-explanatory and reported that all 5 of its features were easy to use. All tasks were completed within the allocated time frame (ie, efficiency), with few errors. Overall System Usability Scale scores were high, with average scores of 82 and 89 out of 100 from laboratory- and field-based tests, respectively. Participants liked the idea of a social support function (feature IV), although qualitative and internet server data revealed that this feature was rarely used. CONCLUSIONS This study described the cultural and linguistic adaptation and usability testing of the Norwegian version of the iCanCope with Pain app. High user satisfaction, ease of use, efficiency, and only minor errors cumulatively indicated that no changes to the app were needed, with the exception of facilitating user interaction within the social support feature. The app will be used in an upcoming randomized controlled trial with a larger sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Grasaas
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Liv Fegran
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sølvi Helseth
- Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, Faculty of Health Sciences, Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer Stinson
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Lawrence S Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Santiago Martinez
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Chitra Lalloo
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Institute for Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kristin Haraldstad
- Department of Health and Nursing Science, Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway
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Mckinnon CT, Meehan EM, Harvey AR, Antolovich GC, Morgan PE. Prevalence and characteristics of pain in children and young adults with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol 2019; 61:305-314. [PMID: 30508221 DOI: 10.1111/dmcn.14111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
AIM The primary aim of this review is to evaluate the evidence for pain prevalence in children and young adults with cerebral palsy. Secondary aims are to identify pain characteristics and types of pain measurement used in this population. METHOD Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL Plus, and PubMed were searched in October 2016 and updated in November 2017. Two authors independently screened studies according to Preferred Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Pain outcomes were categorized within a biopsychosocial pain framework, with pain prevalence extracted for all recall periods and measurement types. RESULTS One hundred and six publications from 57 studies met inclusion criteria. Pain prevalence varied widely from 14 per cent to 76 per cent and was higher in females, older age groups, and those classified within Gross Motor Function Classification System level V. Pain was most frequent in the lower limbs, back, and abdomen and associated with reduced quality of life or health status. The influence of pain on psychological functioning, interference, and participation was inconclusive. INTERPRETATION Variation exists in reported pain prevalence because of sampling bias, inconsistent measurement, varying recall periods, and use of different participant age ranges. WHAT THIS PAPER ADDS Pain prevalence varies from 14 per cent to 76 per cent in children and young adults with cerebral palsy. Pain is more prevalent in females, older age groups, and children in Gross Motor Function Classification System level V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare T Mckinnon
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Elaine M Meehan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Adrienne R Harvey
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia.,Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Giuliana C Antolovich
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Royal Children's Hospital Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prue E Morgan
- Department of Physiotherapy, Monash University, Frankston, Victoria, Australia
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Lipsker CW, Bölte S, Hirvikoski T, Lekander M, Holmström L, Wicksell RK. Prevalence of autism traits and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms in a clinical sample of children and adolescents with chronic pain. J Pain Res 2018; 11:2827-2836. [PMID: 30519085 PMCID: PMC6235327 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s177534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Recent research has suggested that autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be comorbid to pediatric chronic pain, but the empirical support is yet scarce. Therefore, the current study aimed to investigate the occurrence of traits and symptoms consistent with clinically significant ASD and ADHD in a group of children and adolescents with chronic debilitating pain and examine potential differences in pain and demographic variables between children with and without clinically significant traits and symptoms of ASD and ADHD. Patients and methods This cross-sectional study included 146 parent–child dyads (102 girls, 111 mothers, children 8–17 years) consecutively referred to a tertiary pain clinic. Parents completed the Social Responsiveness Scale to assess autistic traits, and Conners-3 to measure symptoms of ADHD in their children. Children completed the Lübeck Pain Questionnaire to evaluate experienced pain. Results Among children, 20 (13.7%) received scores consistent with clinically significant ASD and 29 (19.9%) received scores consistent with clinically significant ADHD, with a combined prevalence of clinically significant ASD/ADHD traits and symptoms of 26% of the total sample. Only 4.8% of children were previously diagnosed with either disorder. Among children with clinically significant ASD traits, girls were more prevalent, parents reported lower health, and the pain was more likely triggered by being in school. Among children with clinically significant ADHD symptoms, there were no gender differences and pain was more likely triggered by the family situation and new situations. No differences regarding pain intensity, duration, or frequency were found between children with and without clinically significant ASD traits or ADHD symptoms. Conclusion Children with debilitating chronic pain, particularly girls, may present with an elevated risk of having a comorbid, possibly high-functioning, neurodevelopmental disorder. Results suggest that clinical assessment of pediatric chronic pain should include screening for neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Wiwe Lipsker
- Functional Area Medical Psychology/Functional Unit Behavior Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, .,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,
| | - Sven Bölte
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tatja Hirvikoski
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Division of Neuropsychiatry, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center for Psychiatry Research, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden.,Habilitation and Health, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mats Lekander
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden, .,Stress Research Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Holmström
- Functional Area Medical Psychology/Functional Unit Behavior Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, .,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Rikard K Wicksell
- Functional Area Medical Psychology/Functional Unit Behavior Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, .,Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,
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Health-related quality of life of maltreated children and adolescents who attended a service center in Brazil. Qual Life Res 2018; 27:2157-2164. [PMID: 29766440 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-018-1881-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study's aim was to evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and associated factors of maltreated children and adolescents. METHODS This cross-sectional study consisted of individuals between 8 and 17 years of age who were victims of maltreatment. The KIDSCREEN-52 was used to measure their HRQoL. Socioeconomic and demographic data were collected, as well as information about the type of abuse, type of perpetrator, and psychological support adherence. The Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the scores of the KIDSCREEN-52 by the independent variables. RESULTS One hundred and thirteen victims answered the questionnaire. Girls and adolescents had a lower overall HRQoL score (p < 0.05). Children who suffered from sexual abuse had a lowest score on the moods and emotions dimension than children who suffered from physical abuse (p < 0.05). There was a lowest score on the autonomy dimension among the children who suffered maltreatment by an extrafamilial perpetrator than those who were victimized by an intrafamilial perpetrator (p < 0.05). A lower score on the psychological well-being was observed among the children who adhered to the psychological support program provided by the service compared to those who terminated the service before completion (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Adolescents and girls were associated with lower HRQoL scores. There was no association between the overall HRQoL score and the characteristics of the maltreatment; however, the type of abuse and the victim's relationship with the perpetrator were only related to some dimensions. These findings may assist maltreatment care providers in planning strategies to reduce the consequences that violence may cause.
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