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Tochukwu EJ, Onyinye EN, Obinna OE. Assessing the awareness and acceptability of hepatitis B immunoglobulin among pregnant women in Enugu metropolis, Southeast, Nigeria: A cross-sectional study. SAGE Open Med 2024; 12:20503121241257083. [PMID: 38826829 PMCID: PMC11143833 DOI: 10.1177/20503121241257083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives Assessed the level of awareness of hepatitis B virus infection and hepatitis B immunoglobulin, and determined the proportion of pregnant women that will accept hepatitis B immunoglobulin if needed for their babies and the factors that were associated with the choices made by pregnant women in the Enugu metropolis. Methods A cross-sectional study of 379 pregnant women in health facilities in the Enugu metropolis was undertaken between March and November 2019. A structured pre-tested interviewer-administered questionnaire was used for data collection. Data collected were analysed using SPSS version 23. Results The overall knowledge of the respondents on hepatitis B virus infection was poor as only 26.6% had good knowledge. Only 25.6% of the respondents had heard of hepatitis B immunoglobulin but the majority of the respondents (93.1%) were both willing to accept to give the vaccine to their babies and recommend the vaccine to their relatives. The educational level and occupation of the respondents were significantly associated with overall knowledge of hepatitis B. Only the religion of the respondents correctly predicted the overall knowledge of the respondents on hepatitis B. Conclusion Despite the poor knowledge of hepatitis B and hepatitis B immunoglobulin among the study participants, the acceptability of hepatitis B immunoglobulin was high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enebe Joseph Tochukwu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, College of Medicine/Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Enebe Nympha Onyinye
- Department of Community Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Onwujekwe Emmanuel Obinna
- Department of Health Administration and Management, University of Nigeria Enugu Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
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Zhou L, Liu X, Ou X, Sheng Q, Situ B, He F, Pan X. Chronic Hepatitis B in Women of Childbearing Age and Pregnant Women in China: A Cross-Sectional Study. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:719-723. [PMID: 38442422 PMCID: PMC10993853 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Pregnant women and women of childbearing age were enrolled in our study and their knowledge about the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) was evaluated. A questionnaire was distributed to every woman in the cross-sectional study. The questionnaire was answered by all participants before they received health education and advice about HBV and CHB from the doctors visited. Data collected from all answers were analyzed using the χ2 test and logistic regression models. A total of 206 pregnant women and women of childbearing age with CHB infection were enrolled in the study during their first visit to the Infectious Diseases Clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University. Some women of childbearing age (40.8%) and pregnant women with CHB infection (30.6%) still believed HBV could be transmitted through diet and/or mosquito bites. Some women of childbearing age and pregnant women with CHB infection had limited knowledge of the prevention of HBV transmission (111 of 206, 53.9%). Women with higher levels of education had more knowledge about HBV (senior middle school, P = 0.02; university, P <0.01). The majority of participants were willing to take antiviral medicine to decrease the mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) rate of HBV. Some women of childbearing age and/or pregnant women with CHB infection have relatively limited knowledge about HBV or CHB. This situation contributes to the timeliness, or lack thereof, of these women with CHB to see a doctor and receive antiviral therapy. As a result, the morbidity and mortality of HBV-related complications could increase along with the rate of MTCT of HBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xitao Liu
- Department of Clinical Research Management Office, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueting Ou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiongyu Sheng
- Department of Clinical Research Management Office, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Situ
- Department of Clinical Research Management Office, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fang He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangzhou Obstetrics Critical Care Center, Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingfei Pan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric Diseases, and Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology, Third Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Lanyo TN, Adjei CA, Ani-Amponsah M. Informational and Practical Needs of Expectant Mothers with Chronic Hepatitis B in Ghana. SAGE Open Nurs 2024; 10:23779608241255183. [PMID: 38828400 PMCID: PMC11141223 DOI: 10.1177/23779608241255183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus infection is a global public health problem with disproportionately high endemicity in Africa and Ghana. The current national prevalence of hepatitis B among pregnant women in Ghana stands at 7.44%, highlighting the considerable threat of chronic hepatitis B on pregnant women and their general well-being. The study explored the informational and practical needs of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B in Ghana. Fourteen pregnant women were selected purposefully using the exploratory descriptive qualitative design. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. The findings showed that pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B lacked knowledge about the infection and were in great need of hepatitis B-related information. The study also revealed significant financial implications for treating the infection, necessitating policy reforms and stakeholder actions. To achieve effective coping, better health-seeking, and health-promoting behaviors for better health outcomes, it is crucial to provide targeted care that comprehensively covers the specific needs of pregnant women with chronic hepatitis B. It is also essential to consider including hepatitis B management in the National Health Insurance package to improve care quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Norpeli Lanyo
- Department of Women and Children, University of Ghana Medical Centre, Accra, Greater Accra, Ghana
| | - Charles Ampong Adjei
- Department of Public Health Nursing, University of Ghana, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana
| | - Mary Ani-Amponsah
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, University of Ghana, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Legon, Greater Accra, Ghana
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Mpangah RA, Akyereko E, Acheampong GK, Ansah-Nyarko M, Owusu I, Sarfo B. Assessment of knowledge and treatment practices of hepatitis B infection in children among health professionals in Krachi districts in Ghana: a cross-sectional study. J Public Health Afr 2023; 14:2469. [PMID: 37753438 PMCID: PMC10519114 DOI: 10.4081/jphia.2023.2469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains one of the neglected infectious diseases. Children infected with HBV are at higher risk of becoming chronic carriers. Barriers to measures against HBV in children are attributed to inadequate knowledge by some health professionals. This study assessed knowledge and treatment practices of HBV in children among health professionals. Materials and Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted among health professionals (185) in three districts in Krachi using a structured questionnaire. Stata version 15 was used to analyze participants' responses on awareness, knowledge, and treatment practices. Pearson's product-moment correlation was used to determine the relationship between knowledge and treatment practices. Multivariate regression analysis assessed the relationships between variables at P<0.05 and 95% confidence interval. Results 20% were not aware of HBV in children and 85% had only fair knowledge about HBV in children. Only 29% indicated good knowledge and treatment practices of HBV in children. A unit increase in knowledge of HBV in children leads to a 1.42 unit increase in awareness (P<0.01), and a 1.3 unit increase in treatment practice (P<0.01) of HBV in children. Conclusions Participants demonstrated only fair knowledge about HBV in children. Seminars and workshops on HBV in children for health professionals must intensify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca A. Mpangah
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
- Disease Surveillance Department, Ghana Health Service, Head Quarters, Korlebu-Accra, Ghana
| | - Ernest Akyereko
- Disease Surveillance Department, Ghana Health Service, Head Quarters, Korlebu-Accra, Ghana
- Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Gideon K. Acheampong
- Disease Surveillance Department, Ghana Health Service, Head Quarters, Korlebu-Accra, Ghana
| | - Michael Ansah-Nyarko
- Research Department, Policy Planning Monitoring and Evaluation (PPME), Legon-Accra, Ghana
| | - Isaac Owusu
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
- Disease Surveillance Department, Ghana Health Service, Head Quarters, Korlebu-Accra, Ghana
| | - Bismark Sarfo
- Department of Epidemiology and Disease Control, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon-Accra, Ghana
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Nartey YA, Okine R, Seake-Kwawu A, Ghartey G, Asamoah YK, Siaw ADJ, Senya K, Duah A, Owusu-Ofori A, Adarkwa O, Agyeman S, Bampoh SA, Hiebert L, Njuguna H, Gupta N, Ward JW, Roberts LR, Bockarie AS, Awuku YA, Obiri-Yeboah D. Hepatitis C virus seroprevalence, testing, and treatment capacity in public health facilities in Ghana, 2016-2021; A multi-centre cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0287580. [PMID: 37352242 PMCID: PMC10289322 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0287580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The current burden of Hepatitis C virus infection and the availability of HCV-related services in Ghana are not well described. Previous estimates on HCV seroprevalence in the country are outdated. This study investigated the HCV seroprevalence and testing and treatment capacity in Ghana. A multi-centre cross-sectional study was conducted in which laboratory and blood bank registers from 17 public healthcare institutions in Ghana were reviewed. A survey on cost and availability of HCV-related testing and treatment was also performed. Crude and pooled estimates of HCV seroprevalence, frequency and median cost of available diagnostic tests and medicines were described. The crude HCV seroprevalence was 2.62% (95% CI 2.53-2.72) and the pooled estimate was 4.58% (95% CI 4.06-5.11) among 103,609 persons tested in laboratories. Age (OR 1.02 95% CI 1.01-1.02) and male sex (OR 1.26 95% CI 1.08-1.48) were predictors of a positive anti-HCV RDT test. Northern administrative regions in Ghana had the highest HCV seroprevalence ranging from 8.3-14.4%. Among 55, 458 potential blood donors, crude HCV seroprevalence was 3.57% (95% CI 3.42-3.72). Testing was through Rapid Diagnostic Test (RDT) kits in most facilities, and only 2 of 17 centres were performing HCV RNA testing. The median cost of an anti-HCV RDT test was $0.97 (0-1.61) and $3.23 (1.61-7.58) for persons with and without government health insurance respectively. The median cost of a 12-week course of the pan-genotypic direct-acting antiviral therapy sofosbuvir-daclatasvir was $887.70. In conclusion, there are significant regional differences in HCV burden across Ghana. Limited access to and cost of HCV RNA and DAA therapy hinders testing and treatment capability, and consequently HCV elimination efforts. A national HCV program supported with a sustainable financing plan is required to accelerate HCV elimination in Ghana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Ayerki Nartey
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Rafiq Okine
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Accra, Ghana
| | - Atsu Seake-Kwawu
- National Viral Hepatitis Control Program, Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana
| | - Georgia Ghartey
- Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Yaw Karikari Asamoah
- Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, School of Public Health, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ampem Darko Jnr Siaw
- Department of Internal Medicine, Cape Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Kafui Senya
- World Health Organisation, Country Office, Accra, Ghana
| | - Amoako Duah
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ghana Medical Centre, Accra, Ghana
| | - Alex Owusu-Ofori
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Opei Adarkwa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Komfo-Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Seth Agyeman
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Ghana, Legon, Accra, Ghana
| | - Sally Afua Bampoh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Greater Accra Regional Hospital, Accra, Ghana
| | - Lindsey Hiebert
- Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, United States of America
| | - Henry Njuguna
- Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, United States of America
| | - Neil Gupta
- Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, United States of America
| | - John W. Ward
- Coalition for Global Hepatitis Elimination, Task Force for Global Health, Decatur, GA, United States of America
| | - Lewis Rowland Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Rochester, Rochester, MN, United States of America
| | - Ansumana Sandy Bockarie
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Yaw Asante Awuku
- Department of Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast Ghana
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Sahiner P, Dolay K. Knowledge level of healthcare professionals regarding hepatitis B immunizatıon of newborns: example of Turkey. REVISTA DA ASSOCIACAO MEDICA BRASILEIRA (1992) 2023; 69:e20221281. [PMID: 37222318 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20221281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate healthcare professionals' knowledge level for hepatitis B immunization of term and preterm newborns. METHODS The study was conducted with 213 midwives, nurses, and physicians between October 2021 and January 2022 in a province of Turkey. RESULTS Participants had the least knowledge about the management of newborns with low birth weight born to hepatitis B-infected mothers (16%). CONCLUSION The study revealed some knowledge gaps among healthcare professionals regarding hepatitis B immunization of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pervin Sahiner
- Kocaeli University, Faculty of Health Sciences - Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Kubra Dolay
- Derince Health Sciences Training and Research Hospital - Kocaeli, Turkey
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Adjei CA, Suglo D, Ahenkorah AY, MacDonald SE, Richter S. Barriers to Timely Administration of Hepatitis B Birth Dose Vaccine to Neonates of Mothers With Hepatitis B in Ghana: Midwives' Perspectives. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231177547. [PMID: 37261100 PMCID: PMC10227873 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231177547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis aims to reduce new hepatitis B infections by 90% by 2030. Yet, hepatitis B birth dose (HepB-BD) vaccination, which is effective in preventing mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B, remains low in sub-Saharan Africa. Given the essential role that midwives play in infants' birth dose immunisation, we explore their perspectives on the reasons for delays and non-administration of HepB-BD to eligible neonates in Ghana. Methods We conducted interviews with 18 midwives, stratified by region (Greater Accra and Northern regions). Participants were selected purposively. The data were transcribed, coded, and analysed following the Braun and Clarke data analysis procedure. Results The participants conveyed a broad range of barriers to HepB-BD vaccination in Ghana. These include the mother's denial of hepatitis B seropositivity; the mother's ignorance of the impact of hepatitis B on their newborn; partners' non-involvement in post-test counselling; and the high cost of hepatitis B immunoglobulin and hepatitis B monovalent vaccine. Other reasons included vaccine unavailability and midwives' oversight and documentation lapses. Conclusion We recommend educating expectant mothers on the importance and effectiveness of HepB-BD vaccination during antenatal care (ANC) visits, as well as educating midwives on HepB-BD vaccination procedures. In addition, ensuring sufficient supplies and administering hepatitis B vaccines in the delivery ward should be done to guarantee that babies receive the vaccines on time. Importantly, Ghana needs policies that require HepB-BD vaccination as part of the Expanded Programme on Immunisation (EPI) to ensure the investments and funding it needs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Solina Richter
- College of Nursing, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Adjei CA, Nachinab GTE, Atibila F, Ansah-Nyarko M, Kyei JM, Fosu PK. Determinants and preventive practices of midwives and physicians toward vertical transmission of hepatitis B in Ghana: a cross-sectional survey. Pan Afr Med J 2022; 43:183. [PMID: 36915413 PMCID: PMC10007700 DOI: 10.11604/pamj.2022.43.183.31794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction countries in sub-Saharan Africa, including Ghana, are disproportionately affected by hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection. In these areas, mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is an essential mode of HBV transmission. Evidently, timely hepatitis B birth dose vaccination remains an effective preventive intervention against MTCT of HBV. Considering that midwives and physicians are the primary care providers of newborns in Ghana, we sought to examine their preventive practices toward vertical transmission of HBV in the eastern region of Ghana. Methods a cross-sectional survey was conducted with 126 healthcare providers (HCP; midwives and physicians). The participants were conveniently recruited from one regional hospital and four district hospitals. Statistical significance was set at 0.05 alpha level. Results the findings indicate that 42.9% (n = 54) of HCPs' prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) practices for hepatitis B were good (X2 = 2.57, p > 0.05). Explicitly, 79% indicated screening all pregnant women for hepatitis B as part of antenatal care (X2 = 41.14, p < 0.001). Additionally, about half of the participants (52.4%) reported providing pre-test counselling (X2 = 0.29, p > 0.05), whereas one-third (33%) reported routinely administering a birth dose of the hepatitis B vaccine to neonates of mothers with hepatitis B (X2 = 14.00, p < 0.001). However, only 37% reported administering the hepatitis B vaccine to newborns within 12 hours of birth (X2 = 9.18, p < 0.01). The binary logistic regression analyses identified training as the only significant predictor of good practice on PMTCT of hepatitis B at the 5% level (Wald = 3.91, p =0.05). Conclusion given that more than half of the participants in the study area had incorrect PMTCT practices for hepatitis B, it is imperative that a series of workshops on hepatitis B be done for healthcare providers in Ghana. In addition, hepatitis B birth dose vaccine must be incorporated into the ´Expanded Programme on Immunisation´ to remove the cost that acts as a barrier to access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Ampong Adjei
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | | | - Fidelis Atibila
- Department of Nursing, Valley View University, Techiman, Ghana
| | | | - Josephine Mpomaa Kyei
- Department of Community Health Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Ssekamatte T, Isunju JB, Zirimala PAK, Etajak S, Kamukama S, Seviiri M, Nakafeero M, Nalugya A, Tsebeni Wafula S, Atusingwize E, Bukenya JN, Mugambe RK. A positive attitude among primary healthcare providers predicts better hepatitis B prevention practices: evidence from a cross-sectional survey in Wakiso district, Central Uganda. Health Psychol Behav Med 2021; 9:298-314. [PMID: 34104561 PMCID: PMC8158224 DOI: 10.1080/21642850.2021.1904935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) infection is an important occupational health risk among primary healthcare providers (PHCPs). However, there is limited evidence on whether PHCPs’ level of knowledge and attitude can predict better HBV infection prevention practices. This study established the relationship between knowledge, attitude, and HBV infection prevention practices among PHCPs in Wakiso district, Central Uganda. Methods: A cross-sectional study design was used. Data were collected from 306 PHCPs, using a structured questionnaire. PHCPs were randomly selected from 55 healthcare facilities. STATA version 14.0 was used to analyse data. A ‘modified Poisson’ regression model was used for inferential statistics. Results: About 42.2% of PHCPs exhibited poor knowledge of HBV infection transmission and prevention, 41.8% had a negative attitude, and 41.5% exhibited poor prevention practices. Age (PR 1.82, 95% CI: 1.24–2.66) was positively associated with the level of knowledge. Healthcare facility level (PR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.34–0.84), main department of work (PR 0.69, 95% CI: 0.51–0.95), years in service (PR 0.66, 95% CI: 0.44–0.99), working in private not-for-profit healthcare facilities (PR 0.59, 95% CI: 0.34–0.99), and public healthcare facilities (PR 0.58, 95% CI: 0.42–0.80) were negatively associated with the level of knowledge. There was a negative association between the location of healthcare facility (PR 0.76, 95% CI: 0.62–0.93) and attitude, and a positive association between level of knowledge (PR 1.36, 95% 1.12–1.65) and attitude. Working in a public healthcare facility (PR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.64–0.99) was negatively associated with practices while having a positive attitude (PR 1.60, 95% CI: 1.28–1.99) predicted better HBV infection prevention practices. Conclusion: PHCPs who were more knowledgeable about HBV infection were more likely to have a positive attitude. In turn, having a positive attitude was associated with better HBV infection prevention practices. There is a need to sensitise PHCPs on HBV infection, and provision of screening and vaccination services in order to address the KAP gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tonny Ssekamatte
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - John Bosco Isunju
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Samuel Etajak
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Saul Kamukama
- Department of Community Health and Behavioural Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Mathias Seviiri
- Statistical Genetics, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Mary Nakafeero
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Aisha Nalugya
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Solomon Tsebeni Wafula
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Edwinah Atusingwize
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Justine N Bukenya
- Department of Community Health and Behavioural Sciences, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Richard K Mugambe
- Department of Disease Control and Environmental Health, Makerere University School of Public Health, Kampala, Uganda
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Prevalence and Knowledge of Hepatitis B Virus Infection among Pregnant Women in the Ningo-Prampram District, Ghana. Int J Hepatol 2020; 2020:7965146. [PMID: 32411482 PMCID: PMC7204257 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7965146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been suggested to play a role in various adverse birth outcomes. The study determined the prevalence as well as knowledge of hepatitis B virus infection among pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study using simple random sampling technique was used to recruit 213 pregnant women receiving antenatal care in three different health facilities (Prampram Polyclinic (PPC), Dangme Community Hospital (DCH), and Old Ningo Health Center (ONHC)) in the Ningo-Prampram District of Ghana from November 2018 to January 2019. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data which included participants' HBsAg test results, sociodemographic and gynaecological characteristics, and their level of knowledge on HBV infection. Knowledge of the participants on HBV infection was classified as either excellent, good, or poor based on their cumulative percentage scores from the questionnaire according to Al Rubaish system of classification. RESULTS Overall low-intermediate prevalence of HBV infection was 3.3%; however, PPC recorded the highest prevalence of 4.0% while DCH and ONHC recorded 2.82% and 2.50%, respectively. Statistically significant association was observed between HBV infection and the health facility. Majority (77.40%) of the study participants had poor knowledge on HBV infection while only 14 (6.57%) had excellent knowledge on HBV. Regarding excellent knowledge, 8 (11.0%) among the participants were demonstrated by the majority of those who received antenatal care from DCH. Generally, knowledge on HBV and the infection was poor among the study participants. Knowledge on HBV infection was found to be associated with residential status (p = 0.006), educational level (p < 0.001), occupation (p < 0.001), and gestational period (p < 0.001). Participant's knowledge was also significantly associated with the health facility (p = 0.027). CONCLUSION HBV infection among pregnant women is prevalent in the Ningo-Prampram District even though the prevalence is not very high. The majority of pregnant women in the Ningo-Prampram District inadequate knowledge on HBV infection and it mode of transmission. Intensive public health education on the HBV infection is required in the district to help prevent and manage future transmissions as well as inform the population about the negative side effects of the virus and the need to prevent it by way of vaccination.
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Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice towards Hepatitis B Virus among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Northwest Ethiopia. Int J Hepatol 2020; 2020:5617603. [PMID: 32015916 PMCID: PMC6985934 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5617603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a serious public health concern worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the major mode in endemic areas, including Ethiopia, where little is known about pregnant women's knowledge, attitudes, and practice towards HBV infection and MTCT. Therefore, the study is aimed at determining the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards HBV among pregnant women attending antenatal care. METHOD A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to April 2018, at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital. A total of 354 pregnant women were selected by systematic random sampling and included in this study. KAP of participants on HBV MTCT was assessed using a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22 software. RESULT The total response rate was 100% (354/354). Out of the 354 participants, 73.4% were within the poor knowledge. Only 18.9% of the respondents know HBV can be transmitted from mother to child during pregnancy. Less than half (43.8) of the participants think that they will never be infected with HBV, and 47.7% of them go to traditional healers when they have symptoms of HBV. Majority of the respondents (85.87%) had never screened for HBV, and only 28.5% of the participants believed that hepatitis B can cause liver cancer. In multivariable analysis, residence, income, and educational level were associated with mean score knowledge and attitude. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about HBV among pregnant women was found to be poor, and their attitude and practice were also limited. Therefore, extensive health education program should be given to the pregnant women to increase their awareness towards HBV infection. All pregnant women should be screened for HBV as part of ANC follow-up.
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Adjei CA, Stutterheim SE, Naab F, Ruiter RAC. Barriers to chronic Hepatitis B treatment and care in Ghana: A qualitative study with people with Hepatitis B and healthcare providers. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0225830. [PMID: 31794577 PMCID: PMC6890212 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0225830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection remains an important public health concern particularly in Africa. Between 1990 and 2013, Hepatitis B mortality increased by 63%. In recent times, effective antiviral agents against HBV such as Nucleos(t)ide analogs (NAs) are available. These drugs are capable of suppressing HBV replication, preventing progression of chronic Hepatitis B to cirrhosis, and reducing the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma and liver-related death. Notwithstanding, these treatments are underused despite their effectiveness in managing Hepatitis B. This study sought to explore barriers to treatment and care for people with Hepatitis B (PWHB) in Ghana, paying particular attention to beliefs about aetiology that can act as a barrier to care for PWHB. METHODS We used an exploratory qualitative design with a purposive sampling technique. Face-to-face interviews were conducted for 18 persons with Hepatitis B (PWHB) and 15 healthcare providers (HCP; physicians, nurses, and midwives). In addition, four focus group discussions (FGD) with a composition of eight HCPs in each group were done. Participants were recruited from one tertiary and one regional hospital in Ghana. Data were processed using QSR Nvivo version 10.0 and analysed using the procedure of inductive thematic analysis. Participants were recruited from one tertiary and one regional hospital in Ghana. RESULTS Three main cultural beliefs regarding the aetiology of chronic Hepatitis B that act as barriers to care and treatment were identified. These were: (1) the belief that chronic Hepatitis B is a punishment from the gods to those who touch dead bodies without permission from their landlords, (2) the belief that bewitchment contributes to chronic Hepatitis B, and (3) the belief that chronic Hepatitis B is caused by spiritual poison. Furthermore, individual level barriers were identified. These were the absence of chronic Hepatitis B signs and symptoms, perceived efficacy of traditional herbal medicine, and PWHB's perception that formal care does not meet their expectations. Health system-related barriers included high cost of hospital-based care and inadequate Hepatitis B education for patients from HCPs. CONCLUSION Given that high cost of hospital based care was considered an important barrier to engagement in care for PWHB, we recommend including the required Hepatitis B laboratory investigations such as viral load, and the recommended treatment in the National Health Insurance Scheme (NHIS). Also, we recommend increasing health care providers and PWHB Hepatitis B knowledge and capacity in a culturally sensitive fashion, discuss with patients (1) myths about aetiology and the lack of efficacy of traditional herbal medicines, and (2) patients' expectations of care and the need to monitor even in the absence of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Ampong Adjei
- Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
- * E-mail:
| | - Sarah E. Stutterheim
- Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Florence Naab
- School of Nursing and Midwifery University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Robert A. C. Ruiter
- Department of Work and Social Psychology Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
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Djaogol T, Coste M, Marcellin F, Jaquet A, Chabrol F, Giles-Vernick T, Diallo A, Carrieri MP, Boyer S. Prevention and care of hepatitis B in the rural region of Fatick in Senegal: a healthcare workers' perspective using a mixed methods approach. BMC Health Serv Res 2019; 19:627. [PMID: 31484515 PMCID: PMC6727484 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-019-4416-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In countries where hepatitis B virus (HBV) is endemic, including Senegal, the World Health Organization recommends systematic HBV screening of pregnant women and vaccination at birth to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT). This study investigated healthcare workers' (HCW) knowledge and practices regarding HBV prevention and care in the rural region of Fatick in Senegal, as well as challenges they faced in implementing prevention activities related to HBV MTCT. METHODS A mixed-methods survey was conducted between May-July 2017 among 112 HCW working in 15 healthcare facilities in two districts of the Fatick region using face-to-face questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. Descriptive statistics and chi-square/Mann-Whitney tests were used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data were analyzed thematically. RESULTS The study population included 87 HCW in the quantitative component (83% women, median age [interquartile range, IQR] = 35 [31-40] years) and 11 in the qualitative component. A knowledge gap was observed in key areas of HBV infection: only 24, 51 and 38%, respectively, correctly reported that early HBV acquisition is associated with a high risk of developing chronic infection, that perinatal transmission is one of the main modes of HBV transmission in Senegal, and that three to four doses of HBV vaccine are required to ensure immunization in children. Despite good acceptability of systematic screening of pregnant women and vaccination at birth, only 48% of HCW mainly involved in prenatal care and 71% of those involved exclusively in vaccination routinely performed these two key interventions. HCW reported several structural barriers that may hinder their implementation: a lack of training in HBV and in counseling, poor availability of rapid diagnostic tests (RDT), high costs of both screening and treatment, a lack of adequate information on treatment options and missed opportunities for vaccination at birth. CONCLUSIONS HCW working in the Fatick region may be insufficiently trained and supported to effectively implement HBV prevention strategies. Our findings suggest an urgent need to strengthen MTCT prevention in this region, by improving HCW knowledge in key areas of HBV infection, providing RDT and antiviral treatment at low cost, and enhancing community-based interventions for the timely vaccination of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tchadine Djaogol
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
| | - Marion Coste
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
- ORS PACA, Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France
| | - Fabienne Marcellin
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
- ORS PACA, Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France
| | - Antoine Jaquet
- INSERM U1219, ISPED, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Fanny Chabrol
- Centre Population et Développement (CEPED), French Institute for Research on Sustainable Development (IRD), Université de Paris, INSERM SAGESUD, Paris, France
| | | | - Aldiouma Diallo
- VITROME UMR 257 Institut de Recherche Pour le Développement, Dakar, Senegal
| | - Maria Patrizia Carrieri
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France.
- ORS PACA, Observatoire régional de la santé Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur, Marseille, France.
| | - Sylvie Boyer
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, IRD, SESSTIM, Sciences Economiques & Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale, Marseille, France
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Adjei CA, Atibila F, Apiribu F, Ahordzor F, Attafuah PA, Ansah-Nyarko M, Asamoah R, Menkah W. Hepatitis B Infection among Parturient Women in Peri-Urban Ghana. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2018; 99:1469-1474. [PMID: 30298807 PMCID: PMC6283520 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Global evidence suggests that hepatitis B viral (HBV) infection is endemic in Africa and perinatal transmission remains one of the most important modes of HBV transmission in this area. This cross-sectional survey examined the seroprevalence and knowledge of hepatitis B among pregnant women attending antenatal clinic (ANC) in a mission hospital in Ghana. Systematic sampling technique was used to recruit 196 pregnant women. The level of statistical significance was set at 0.05 alpha level. The hepatitis B prevalence estimate (hepatitis B surface antigen) was 10.2% (N = 20) and all of the participants were aware of HBV infection. Majority cited media (radio) as their main source of information. Approximately 86% of the participants (N = 168) associated HBV infection with a curse and 88.8% (N = 174) indicated witches and wizards as possible causes of the infection. Those with higher level of school education had high hepatitis B knowledge score (P < 0.01). Implementation of a health education program on the route of hepatitis B transmission is required in the study setting. Also, inclusion of hepatitis B education as part of ANC activities will enable HBV-positive pregnant women to appreciate the need for hepatitis B vaccination of their newborns at birth.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Endemic Diseases/prevention & control
- Endemic Diseases/statistics & numerical data
- Female
- Ghana/epidemiology
- Health Education/organization & administration
- Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice
- Hepatitis B/diagnosis
- Hepatitis B/epidemiology
- Hepatitis B/immunology
- Hepatitis B/virology
- Hepatitis B Surface Antigens/blood
- Hepatitis B Vaccines
- Hepatitis B virus/growth & development
- Hepatitis B virus/immunology
- Hepatitis B virus/pathogenicity
- Humans
- Immunization Programs/statistics & numerical data
- Infant, Newborn
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/prevention & control
- Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical/statistics & numerical data
- Middle Aged
- Parturition
- Pregnancy
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/diagnosis
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/epidemiology
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/immunology
- Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/virology
- Prejudice
- Prenatal Care
- Seroepidemiologic Studies
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Felix Apiribu
- Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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Molefe PF, Masamba P, Oyinloye BE, Mbatha LS, Meyer M, Kappo AP. Molecular Application of Aptamers in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer and Communicable Diseases. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2018; 11:ph11040093. [PMID: 30274155 PMCID: PMC6315466 DOI: 10.3390/ph11040093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Revised: 09/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer and infectious diseases such as Ebola, HIV, tuberculosis, Zika, hepatitis, measles and human schistosomiasis are serious global health hazards. The increasing annual morbidities and mortalities of these diseases have been blamed on drug resistance and the inefficacy of available diagnostic tools, particularly those which are immunologically-based. Antibody-based tools rely solely on antibody production for diagnosis and for this reason they are the major cause of diagnostic delays. Unfortunately, the control of these diseases depends on early detection and administration of effective treatment therefore any diagnostic delay is a huge challenge to curbing these diseases. Hence, there is a need for alternative diagnostic tools, discovery and development of novel therapeutic agents. Studies have demonstrated that aptamers could potentially offer one of the best solutions to these problems. Aptamers are short sequences of either DNA or RNA molecules, which are identified in vitro through a SELEX process. They are sensitive and bind specifically to target molecules. Their promising features suggest they may serve as better diagnostic agents and can be used as drug carriers for therapeutic purposes. In this article, we review the applications of aptamers in the theranostics of cancer and some infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philisiwe Fortunate Molefe
- Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Priscilla Masamba
- Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye
- Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Sciences, Afe Babalola University, PMB 5454, Ado-Ekiti 360001, Nigeria.
| | - Londiwe Simphiwe Mbatha
- Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DST/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre, Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Bellville 7535, South Africa.
| | - Abidemi Paul Kappo
- Biotechnology and Structural Biochemistry (BSB) Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South Africa.
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Dionne-Odom J, Njei B, Tita ATN. Elimination of Vertical Transmission of Hepatitis B in Africa: A Review of Available Tools and New Opportunities. Clin Ther 2018; 40:1255-1267. [PMID: 29983265 PMCID: PMC6123260 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 05/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review article focuses on preventing vertical transmission of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among pregnant women living in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where disease is endemic and the estimated maternal HBV seroprevalence is >8%. Available interventions that have been studied in low- and middle-income countries are compared in terms of efficacy and effectiveness in clinical practice. Global disease-elimination targets, barriers to HBV-prevention efforts, and critical research gaps are discussed. METHODS A PubMed literature search in February 2018 identified relevant studies of interventions to reduce or prevent the transmission of HBV during pregnancy or in the peripartum period. Studies that focused on interventions that are currently available or could be made available in SSA were included. Trials conducted in SSA and other low-income countries were prioritized, although studies of interventions in middle- and high-income countries were included. FINDINGS Among 127 studies and reports included in the review, 60 included data from SSA. The most cost-effective intervention to reduce HBV infection rates in SSA is timely birth-dose vaccination followed by completion of the 3-dose infant-vaccination series. The identification and treatment of pregnant women with elevated HBV viral load to further reduce the risk for vertical transmission in SSA show promise, but efficacy and tolerability trials in Africa are lacking. IMPLICATIONS Scale-up of currently available tools is required to reach HBV disease-elimination goals in SSA. Many countries in SSA are in the process of rolling out national birth-dose vaccination campaigns; this roll out provides an opportunity to evaluate and improve processes in order to expand coverage. Early antenatal care, promotion of facility deliveries, and increased awareness of HBV prevention are also key components of prevention success. Future studies in SSA should identity an HBV-prevention package that is effective, well tolerated, and feasible and can be administered in the antenatal clinic and tailored to vertical-transmission risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jodie Dionne-Odom
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Basile Njei
- Department of Medicine, Section of Digestive Disease, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Alan T N Tita
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Center for Women's Reproductive Health, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama
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Adjei CA, Naab F, Donkor ES. Beyond the diagnosis: a qualitative exploration of the experiences of persons with hepatitis B in the Accra Metropolis, Ghana. BMJ Open 2017; 7:e017665. [PMID: 29102991 PMCID: PMC5722085 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the experiences of people with hepatitis B in the Accra metropolis. DESIGN The study employed qualitative exploratory descriptive design with purposive sampling technique. Data were collected through face-to-face interview and transcribed verbatim. The data were analysed using content analysis. SETTINGS Participants were recruited from one government and one mission hospital in Ghana. PARTICIPANTS Fourteen individuals aged between 26 and 45 years with hepatitis B infection were interviewed. RESULTS The findings of the study showed that people with hepatitis B in the Accra metropolis were unclear about the impact of their infection. Furthermore, they experienced psychological and social problems especially when they were initially informed about their hepatitis B status. Sadness, fear, shock, shame and disbelief were some of the experiences reported by participants. Coping strategies adopted include religiosity, denial and lifestyle modification. CONCLUSIONS It is, therefore, necessary as a country to integrate hepatitis B counselling into the already existing HIV structures in the health delivery system to offer support for individuals diagnosed with hepatitis B. Furthermore, it is important to draw lessons from the process used in the diagnosis of HIV, particularly in ensuring that people provide consent for being tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Florence Naab
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
| | - Ernestina S Donkor
- Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Nursing, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana
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Jaquet A, Wandeler G, Tine J, Diallo MB, Manga NM, Dia NM, Fall F, Dabis F, Seydi M. Prevention and Care of Hepatitis B in Senegal; Awareness and Attitudes of Medical Practitioners. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2017; 97:389-395. [PMID: 28829726 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.17-0065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In highly endemic settings for hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection such as Senegal, access to HBV prevention and care is rapidly evolving. In this context, all medical practitioners should have baseline knowledge on HBV infection and promote access to vaccination, screening, and care. A knowledge and attitudes survey on HBV infection was conducted among a randomly selected sample of medical practitioners in Senegal. Participants were asked to fill-out a questionnaire on the HBV epidemiology, prevention, and treatment. A 60-item knowledge score was computed; the lower quartile of the observed score was used to define poor knowledge. Factors associated with poor knowledge were assessed using a logistic regression model. A total of 127 medical practitioners completed the questionnaire. Only 14 (11.0%) participants knew that HBV vaccine could be safely administered to pregnant women and 65 (51.2%) to newborns. Older practitioners (> 40 years) as well as general practitioners (compared with specialists) were more likely to have a poor knowledge score with odds ratios (ORs) of 3.1 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.0-9.2) and 2.6 (95% CI 1.0-7.3), respectively. Practitioners who declared not to recommend HBV screening frequently during their consultation were more likely to present a poor knowledge score [OR: 3.0; (95% CI 1.1-8.2)]. As universal HBV screening is being promoted in countries with endemic HBV infection, our finding that poor screening attitudes were associated with a poor knowledge is of concern. There is a need to raise awareness of medical practitioners in Senegal toward universal HBV screening and early vaccination of newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Jaquet
- INSERM U1219, Institut de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gilles Wandeler
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Bern, Switzerland.,Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CRCF, CHU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - Judicaël Tine
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CRCF, CHU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
| | | | - Noel M Manga
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Hôpital de la Paix, Ziguinchor, Sénégal
| | - Ndeye Mery Dia
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CHR Lieutenant-Colonel Mamadou Diouf, Saint-Louis, Sénégal
| | - Fatou Fall
- Service d'Hépato Gastroentérologie, Hôpital Principal, Dakar, Sénégal
| | - François Dabis
- INSERM U1219, Institut de Santé Publique, Epidémiologie et Développement (ISPED), Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Moussa Seydi
- Service de Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, CRCF, CHU de Fann, Dakar, Sénégal
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Han Z, Yin Y, Zhang Y, Ehrhardt S, Thio CL, Nelson KE, Bai X, Hou H. Knowledge of and attitudes towards hepatitis B and its transmission from mother to child among pregnant women in Guangdong Province, China. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0178671. [PMID: 28575040 PMCID: PMC5456270 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection remains a serious public health problem worldwide. Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HBV is the major mode of transmission in HBV-endemic areas, including China, where little is known about pregnant women's knowledge of and attitudes towards HBV infection and MTCT. METHODS A cross-sectional survey, conducted in pregnant women in Guangdong Province, China, measured HBV knowledge and attitudes using a questionnaire, at one tertiary and two rural hospitals. RESULTS The total response rate was 94.5% (737/780). Of the 11 knowledge questions, the mean score was 6.73 ± 3.04 (mean ± SD). Most pertinent to preventing MTCT, 53.3% of the respondents did not know that HBV can be transmitted through unprotected sexual intercourse and nearly 20% did not know that HBV can be transmitted from mother to infant. The results of the four attitude questions was better with 83% and 85% being willing to be screened for HBV and let their baby receive HBV vaccine and HBIg, respectively. However, only 16.5% of respondents agreed that they would be willing to take drugs that are known not to harm the fetus to prevent MTCT of HBV. In multivariable analysis, higher education level was associated with better knowledge and attitude scores. CONCLUSIONS Knowledge about HBV among pregnant women was poor and needs to be improved to prevent MTCT of HBV. Health education needs to be directed towards pregnant mothers, particularly less educated mothers, in high HBV endemicity settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyan Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail: (HYH); (ZYH)
| | - Yuzhu Yin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Stephan Ehrhardt
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Chloe L. Thio
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Kenrad E. Nelson
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, United States of America
| | - Xiaoyi Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hongying Hou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
- * E-mail: (HYH); (ZYH)
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Junior Doctors’ Knowledge about Chronic Hepatitis B Guideline: A Survey Among 30 Primary Hospitals in Sichuan Province of China. HEPATITIS MONTHLY 2017. [DOI: 10.5812/hepatmon.45010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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