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Tang X, Yu Y, Wu X, Xu C, Zhang Z, Lu Y. Dose-response relationship between weekly physical activity level and the frequency of colds in Chinese middle-aged and elderly individuals. PeerJ 2024; 12:e17459. [PMID: 38827311 PMCID: PMC11143968 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.17459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Engaging in appropriate physical activity can significantly lower the risk of various diseases among middle-aged and older adults. Investigating optimal levels of physical activity (PA) is crucial for enhancing the health of this demographic. This study aims to explore the dose-response relationship between weekly PA levels and the frequency of colds among Chinese middle-aged and elderly individuals, identifying the necessary PA level to effectively diminish the risk of colds. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a web-based survey targeting individuals aged 40 and older (n = 1, 683) in China. The survey collected information on PA and the frequency of colds. Data was analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis test and the χ2 test. We explored the dose-response relationship between weekly PA and cold frequency over the past year through an ordered multivariate logistic regression model and a restricted cubic spline model. Results (1) Brisk walking emerged as the preferred physical exercise for those over 40. The findings suggest that engaging in moderate (odds ratio (OR) = 0.64, P < 0.001, 95% confidence interval (CI) [0.50-0.81]) and high (OR = 0.64, P < 0.001, 95% CI [0.51-0.79]) levels of PA weekly significantly reduces the risk of catching a cold. Individuals with one (OR = 1.47, P < 0.001, 95% CI [1.20-1.80]) or multiple chronic diseases (OR = 1.56, P < 0.001, 95% CI [1.21-2.00]) were at increased risk. Those residing in central (OR = 1.64, P < 0.001, 95% CI [1.33-02.01]) and western China (OR = 1.49, P = 0.008, 95% CI [1.11-02.00]) faced a higher risk compared to their counterparts in eastern China. (2) According to the restricted cubic spline model, adults who experienced one cold in the past year had a weekly PA level of 537.29 metabolic equivalent-minutes per week (MET-min/wk) with an OR value of 1. For those reporting two or more colds, the PA level was 537.76 MET-min/wk with an OR of 1. Conclusions (1) Brisk walking is the most favored exercise among the Chinese middle-aged and elderly, with the prevalence of colds being affected by the number of chronic diseases and the geographic location. (2) Regular, moderate exercise is linked to a lower risk of colds. To effectively reduce cold frequency, it is recommended that middle-aged and elderly Chinese individuals engage in a minimum of 538 MET-min/wk of exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaona Tang
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yichao Yu
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- The School of Sports Coaching, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxue Wu
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Chengru Xu
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Lu
- The School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sports University, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Sports Stress and Adaptation of General Administration of Sport, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
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Wang J, Liu M, Tian C, Gu J, Chen S, Huang Q, Lv P, Zhang Y, Li W. Elaboration and validation of a novelty nomogram for the prognostication of anxiety susceptibility in individuals suffering from low back pain. J Clin Neurosci 2024; 122:35-43. [PMID: 38461740 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2024.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Low back pain (LBP) constitutes a distressing emotional ordeal and serves as a potent catalyst for adverse emotional states, notably anxiety. We dedicated to discerning methodologies for identifying patients who are predisposed to heightened levels of anxiety and pain. A self-assessment questionnaire was administered to patients afflicted with LBP. The pain scores were subjected to analysis in conjunction with anxiety scores, and a clustering procedure was executed using the scientific k-means methodology. Subsequently, six machine learning algorithms, including Logistics Regression (LR), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), and Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), were employed. Next, five pertinent variables were identified, namely Age, Course, Body Mass Index (BMI), Education, and Marital status. Furthermore, a LR model was utilized to construct a nomogram, which was subsequently subjected to assessment for discrimination, calibration, and evaluation of its clinical utility. As a result, 599 questionnaires were valid (effective rate: 99 %). The correlation analysis revealed a significant association between anxiety and pain scores (r = 0.31, P < 0.001). LBP patients could be divided into two clusters, Cluster1 had higher pain scores (P < 0.05) and SAS scores (P < 0.001). The proposed nomogram demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) of 0.841 (95 %CI: 0.804-0.878) and 0.800 (95 %CI: 0.733-0.867) in the training and test groups, respectively. Briefly, the established nomogram has demonstrated remarkable proficiency in discerning individuals afflicted with LBP who are at a heightened risk of experiencing anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tangdu Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chao Tian
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southeast Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Junxiang Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of the Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Sihai Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, Xiaogan Mental Health Center, Xiaogan, China
| | - Qiujuan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Southeast Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Peiyuan Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuhai Zhang
- Department of Health Statistics and Ministry of Education Key Lab of Hazard Assessment and Control in Special Operational, China.
| | - Weixin Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Tangdu Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of the Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, China.
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Shi HM, Si LJ, Zhang YW. Current status of common cold-related knowledge, attitude, and practices among nursing students as well as relevant factors in China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2024; 103:e37129. [PMID: 38306522 PMCID: PMC10843410 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000037129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
To understand the current status of cold-related knowledge, attitude, and practices (KAP) among nursing students as well as relevant factors, and provide a scientific basis for offering effective health education and promoting health care levels among nursing students. We conducted a survey of 668 nursing students using a self-designed "General Condition Questionnaire" and "Survey of common cold-related knowledge, attitude, and practices among students majoring in nursing." We used SPSS22.0 for data sorting and analysis; mean ± standard deviation was used for statistical description of the questionnaire scores, and t-test and ANOVA (analysis of variance) were used for differences comparison between binary variables and polytomous variables of the relevant factors. The test level α was 0.05, and the difference was considered statistically significant when P < .05. The total KAP score of the nursing students was 128.47 ± 13.91 points, which is a good level. There were significant differences in the KAP scores based on gender, educational background, grade, whether relevant knowledge had been acquired, extracurricular activities, weekly exercise frequency, exercise time per session, coping method after catching a cold, and medicine purchase methods (P < .05). The KAP level for cold among nursing students is at a good level. It is recommended that the relevant departments of nursing schools strengthen the education of nursing students on the knowledge about cold and physical exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Min Shi
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Lian-Jing Si
- School of Nursing, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhang
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
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4
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Jordakieva G, Nowak D. Editorial: Occupational immunology: current knowledge and future perspectives. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1322157. [PMID: 38020110 PMCID: PMC10667930 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1322157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Galateja Jordakieva
- Department of Physical Medicine, Rehabilitation and Occupational Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dennis Nowak
- Institute and Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
- Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
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Chen YC, Liaw YC, Nfor ON, Hsiao CH, Zhong JH, Wu SL, Liaw YP. Epigenetic regulation of Parkinson's disease risk variant GPNMB cg17274742 methylation by sex and exercise from Taiwan Biobank. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1235840. [PMID: 37744396 PMCID: PMC10513104 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1235840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Parkinson's disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disease with an elusive etiology that involves the interaction between genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors. Recently, epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, have been recognized to play an important role in the onset of PD. Glycoprotein non-metastatic melanoma protein B (GPNMB), a type I transmembrane protein crucial for immune cell activation and maturation, has emerged as a potential biomarker for the risk of PD. This research aims to investigate the influence of exercise and gender on the regulation of methylation levels of GPNMB cg17274742 in individuals. Methods We analyze data from 2,474 participants in the Taiwan Biobank, collected from 2008 and 2016. Methylation levels at the GPNMB cg17274742 CpG site were measured using Illumina Infinium MethylationEPIC beads. After excluding individuals with incomplete data or missing information on possible risk factors, our final analysis included 1,442 participants. We used multiple linear regression models to assess the association between sex and exercise with adjusted levels of GPNMB cg17274742 for age, BMI, smoking, drinking, coffee consumption, serum uric acid levels, and hypertension. Results Our results demonstrated that exercise significantly influenced the methylation levels of GPNMB cg17274742 in males (β = -0.00242; p = 0.0026), but not in females (β = -0.00002362; p = 0.9785). Furthermore, male participants who exercised showed significantly lower levels of methylation compared to the reference groups of the female and non-exercising reference groups (β = -0.00357; p = 0.0079). The effect of the interaction between gender and exercise on the methylation of GPNMB cg17274742 was statistically significant (p = 0.0078). Conclusion This study suggests that gender and exercise can modulate GPNMB cg17274742, with hypomethylation observed in exercise men. More research is needed to understand the underlying mechanisms and implications of these epigenetic changes in the context of risk and prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Chung Chen
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Liaw
- Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Oswald Ndi Nfor
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Hsuan Hsiao
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Ji-Han Zhong
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shey-Lin Wu
- Department of Neurology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Changhua National University of Education, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Po Liaw
- Department of Public Health and Institute of Public Health, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Išerić E, Dahl TA, Scholey A, Iversen JM, Verster JC. The efficacy of a combination of naproxen and fexofenadine (SJP - 002) to inhibit the symptoms that are associated with viral upper respiratory tract infection: Four case reports of individuals with common cold. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7682. [PMID: 37484744 PMCID: PMC10359448 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message There is no effective treatment that reduces both the severity and duration of a common cold episode. SJP - 002 (naproxen and fexofenadine) reduced symptom severity by two-third, and the duration of the common cold episode approximately by half. Abstract The common cold is one of the most frequently experienced immune-related complaints. At present, available treatments have limited efficacy in inhibiting symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infection, nor do they significantly shorten the duration of common cold episodes. Four case reports are presented of individuals with a common cold. Three of them self-administered the combination of naproxen and fexofenadine (SJP - 002). Results of one individual were compared to her spouse, who did not take SJP - 002 to treat common cold, while two other individuals took SJP - 002 and compared symptom severity with another common cold episode they experienced previously without taking SJP - 002. SJP - 002 reduced the severity of symptoms associated with upper respiratory tract infection by two-third and reduced the duration of the common cold episode approximately by half. In conclusion, SJP - 002 reduced the severity and duration of common cold episodes. These findings warrant further investigation of SJP - 002 in double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emina Išerić
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
| | | | - Andrew Scholey
- Nutrition Dietetics and Food, School of Clinical SciencesMonash UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
| | | | - Joris C. Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences (UIPS)Utrecht UniversityUtrechtThe Netherlands
- Centre for Human PsychopharmacologySwinburne UniversityMelbourneVictoriaAustralia
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7
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Nieman DC, Sakaguchi CA. Physical activity lowers the risk for acute respiratory infections: Time for recognition. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2022; 11:648-655. [PMID: 35995362 PMCID: PMC9391085 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2022.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Physical inactivity is a well-established risk factor for chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes mellitus. There is a growing awareness that physical inactivity should also be regarded as a risk factor for acute respiratory infections (ARIs). ARIs, such as the common cold, influenza, pneumonia, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), are among the most pervasive diseases on earth and cause widespread morbidity and mortality. Evidence in support of the linkage between ARIs and physical inactivity has been strengthened during the COVID-19 pandemic because of increased scientific scrutiny. Large-scale studies have consistently reported that the risk for severe COVID-19 outcomes is elevated in cohorts with low physical activity and/or physical fitness, even after adjusting for other risk factors. The lowered risk for severe COVID-19 and other ARIs in physically active groups is attributed to exercise-induced immunoprotective effects, including enhanced surveillance of key immune cells and reduced chronic inflammation. Scientific consensus groups, including those who submitted the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, have not yet given this area of research the respect that is due. It is time to add "reduced risk for ARIs" to the "Exercise is Medicine" list of physical activity-related health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA.
| | - Camila A Sakaguchi
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
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Wang Y, Liu H, Zhang C, Li C, Xu JJ, Duan CC, Chen L, Liu ZW, Jin L, Lin XH, Zhang CJ, Zhang HQ, Yu JL, Li T, Dennis CL, Li H, Wu YT. Antepartum sleep quality, mental status, and postpartum depressive symptoms: a mediation analysis. BMC Psychiatry 2022; 22:521. [PMID: 35918689 PMCID: PMC9344627 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-022-04164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Poor sleep quality and maternal mood disturbances are common during pregnancy and may play pivotal roles in the development of postpartum depression. We aim to examine the trajectories of sleep quality and mental health in women from early pregnancy to delivery and explore the mediating effects of sleep quality and mental status on the link between antepartum depressive symptoms and postpartum depressive symptoms. METHODS In an ongoing prospective birth cohort, 1301 women completed questionnaires in the first, second and third trimesters and at 6 weeks postpartum. In each trimester, sleep quality was measured utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), and mental health was assessed with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) and the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS). Postpartum depressive symptoms were evaluated by the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). The bootstrap method was used to test the mediation effect. RESULTS The PSQI, CES-D, and SAS scores presented U-shaped curves across the antenatal period while the PSS score followed a descending trend. Antenatal sleep quality, depressive symptoms, anxiety symptoms and perceived stress all predicted depressive symptoms at 6 weeks postpartum. The influence of antepartum depressive symptoms on postpartum depressive symptoms was mediated by antepartum sleep quality and anxiety symptoms, which accounted for 32.14%, 39.25% and 31.25% in the first, second and third trimesters (P = 0.002, P = 0.001, P = 0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality and anxiety symptoms in pregnancy mediated the relationship between antepartum depressive symptoms and postpartum depressive symptoms. Interventions aimed at detecting and managing sleep quality and elevated anxiety among depressed women in pregnancy warrant further investigation as preventative strategies for postpartum depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Han Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Chen Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Cheng Li
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Jing-Jing Xu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Chen-Chi Duan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Lei Chen
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Zhi-Wei Liu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Li Jin
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Xian-Hua Lin
- grid.8547.e0000 0001 0125 2443Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011 China
| | - Chen-Jie Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Han-Qiu Zhang
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Jia-Le Yu
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Tao Li
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030 China ,grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Shanghai Key Laboratory of Embryo Original Diseases, Shanghai, 200030 China
| | - Cindy-Lee Dennis
- grid.17063.330000 0001 2157 2938Bloomberg Faculty of Nursing, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hong Li
- School of Medicine, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 910, Hengshan Rd., Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Yan-Ting Wu
- Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Institute of Reproduction and Development, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200011, China. .,Research Units of Embryo Original Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (No. 2019RU056), Shanghai, China.
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Tu R, Lu Y, Tao K. Regular Physical Activities Inhibit Risk Factors of the Common Cold Among Chinese Adults. Front Psychol 2022; 13:864515. [PMID: 35686081 PMCID: PMC9171135 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.864515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Physical activity (PA) has a significant health impact worldwide and has been linked to a lower risk of the common cold. Objective The aim of this study was to estimate the form of PA among Chinese adults and the correlation between PA and number of the common cold in China's eastern, central, and western areas. Design A cross-sectional study. Setting China's eastern, central, and western regions from 30 November 2020 to 30 March 2021. Patients A total of 1,920 healthy participants, who aged over 18 years old, with Internet access, were enrolled, and then self-reported PA behaviors and number of the common cold were collected. Measurements The authors calculated preference, intensity, frequency, and duration of PA in Chinese based on gender, age, and broad occupational categories and explored the potential effect between these factors and the common cold. Results Approximately 20.4% of participants reported not participating in sports regularly. Except for gender, there were significant differences in PA preference and intensity among the remaining individuals (P <0.05). Sixteen common exercises were divided into three intensity levels by the Borg CR10 Scale: low- (5), moderate- (8), and high-intensity exercises (3), and the corresponding intensity, frequency, and duration were computed with significant differences (P <0.05). The most popular workouts are “Brisk walking” and “Running.” Age, sex, and occupation had no significant effect on colds (P > 0.05). However, intensity shows a U-shaped dose-response relationship with colds, whereas the frequency and duration have an inverse dose-response relationship (P <0.05). High intensity combined with high frequency increased colds the most. Nevertheless, non-exercise groups always have the most colds in each comparison. Limitations The result may be vulnerable to recall bias. Conclusion Intensity showed that U-shape, frequency, and duration showed inverse response to the number of colds last year, but age, sex, and occupation had no significant effects. High intensity and high frequency mixed increased colds the most, regardless of duration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renjie Tu
- School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Lu
- School of Sport Medicine and Physical Therapy, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
| | - Kuan Tao
- School of Sports Engineering, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Kuan Tao
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10
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Kisiel MA, Zhou X, Björnsson E, Holm M, Dahlman-Höglund A, Wang J, Svanes C, Norbäck D, Franklin KA, Malinovschi A, Johannessen A, Schlünssen V, Janson C. The risk of respiratory tract infections and antibiotic use in a general population and among people with asthma. ERJ Open Res 2021; 7:00429-2021. [PMID: 34853783 PMCID: PMC8628194 DOI: 10.1183/23120541.00429-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study was to investigate occupational, environmental, early life and other risk factors associated with respiratory infections and antibiotics use in a general population and among asthmatic individuals. Method This study included 15 842 participants of the Respiratory Health in Northern Europe (RHINE) study aged 25–54 years from five Nordic countries, who answered a questionnaire covering respiratory outcomes, exposures, demographic characteristics and numbers of infections and courses of antibiotics in the last 12 months. Multiple logistic regression with and without adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, body mass index and centre were used to study the risk of infection and antibiotics in relation to asthma, and also the association between infection and antibiotics and occupations. Results In the whole population, 11.6% reported having three or more respiratory infections, and 14.7% had used antibiotics because of respiratory tract infections within the last year. Asthmatic participants reported tripled odds for such infections (adjusted OR 2.98, 95% CI 2.53–3.52) and antibiotics use (adjusted OR 3.67, 95% CI 3.18–4.24) as compared to non-asthmatic participants. Both in the general and the asthmatic population, female sex, obesity and exposure to building dampness were associated with respiratory infections. Female sex and current smoking and living in Tartu were associated with antibiotic use. The use of antibiotics was doubled in people hospitalised for severe respiratory infection in childhood. Conclusion In this study we identified several factors associated with increased respiratory infections and use of antibiotics in a general population and among asthmatic individuals. The frequency of respiratory infections and subsequent antibiotic treatment were increased among those with asthma. The main findings of this study are that asthmatics reported three times higher odds for respiratory tract infections and more than three times higher odds for subsequent antibiotics than subjects without asthmahttps://bit.ly/3hwsH67
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta A Kisiel
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xingwu Zhou
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Dept of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Mathias Holm
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Dahlman-Höglund
- Section of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy at University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Juan Wang
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Cecilie Svanes
- Dept of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.,Dept of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - Dan Norbäck
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Environmental and Occupational Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Karl A Franklin
- Dept of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Surgery, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Andrei Malinovschi
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Clinical Physiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Ane Johannessen
- Dept of Global Public Health and Primary Care, Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Vivi Schlünssen
- Dept of Public Health, Danish Ramazzini Centre, Aarhus University and the National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christer Janson
- Dept of Medical Sciences: Respiratory, Allergy and Sleep Research, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
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11
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Nguyen MH, Pham TTM, Vu DN, Do BN, Nguyen HC, Duong TH, Pham KM, Pham LV, Nguyen TTP, Tran CQ, Nguyen QH, Hoang TM, Tran KV, Duong TT, Yang SH, Bai CH, Duong TV. Single and Combinative Impacts of Healthy Eating Behavior and Physical Activity on COVID-19-like Symptoms among Outpatients: A Multi-Hospital and Health Center Survey. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093258. [PMID: 34579134 PMCID: PMC8465237 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Healthy eating and physical activity are effective non-pharmacological approaches to boost immune function and contain the pandemic. We aimed to explore the associations and interactions between physical activity and healthy eating behavior with COVID-19-like symptoms (Slike-CV19S). Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 3947 outpatients, from 14 February to 2 March 2020, at nine health facilities in Vietnam. Data collection included sociodemographic characteristics, healthy eating behavior (using the healthy eating score (HES) questionnaire), physical activity (using the short form international physical activity questionnaire), and Slike-CV19S. The associations and interactions were tested using logistic regression models. Results: Frequent intake of fruits (OR = 0.84; p = 0.016), vegetables (OR = 0.72; p = 0.036), and fish (OR = 0.43; p < 0.001) were associated with a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared with infrequent intake. Patients with higher HES levels (OR = 0.84; p = 0.033 for medium HES; OR = 0.77; p = 0.006 for high HES) or being physically active (OR = 0.69; p < 0.001) had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES or physical inactivity, respectively. Patients with medium HES who were physically active (OR = 0.69; p = 0.005), or with high HES and physically active (OR = 0.58; p < 0.001), had a lower Slike-CV19S likelihood, as compared to those with low HES and physical inactivity. Conclusions: Healthy eating behavior and physical activity showed single and combinative impacts on protecting people from Slike-CV19S. Strategic approaches are encouraged to improve healthy behaviors, which may further contribute to containing the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh H. Nguyen
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
| | - Thu T. M. Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam; (T.T.M.P.); (K.M.P.)
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
| | - Dinh N. Vu
- Director Office, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam;
- Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam
| | - Binh N. Do
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Vietnam Military Medical University, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam;
- Division of Military Science, Military Hospital 103, Hanoi 121-08, Vietnam
| | - Hoang C. Nguyen
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen City 241-24, Vietnam; (H.C.N.); (T.H.D.)
- President Office, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen City 241-17, Vietnam
| | - Thai H. Duong
- Director Office, Thai Nguyen National Hospital, Thai Nguyen City 241-24, Vietnam; (H.C.N.); (T.H.D.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thai Nguyen University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thai Nguyen City 241-17, Vietnam
| | - Khue M. Pham
- Faculty of Public Health, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam; (T.T.M.P.); (K.M.P.)
- President Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam
| | - Linh V. Pham
- Department of Pulmonary & Cardiovascular Diseases, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam;
- Director Office, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy Hospital, Hai Phong 042-12, Vietnam
| | - Thao T. P. Nguyen
- Health Management Training Institute, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Thua Thien Hue 491-20, Vietnam;
| | - Cuong Q. Tran
- Director Office, Thu Duc City Health Center, Ho Chi Minh City 713-10, Vietnam;
- Faculty of Health, Mekong University, Vinh Long 852-16, Vietnam
| | - Quyen H. Nguyen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thu Duc City Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 713-11, Vietnam; (Q.H.N.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Thanh M. Hoang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Thu Duc City Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 713-11, Vietnam; (Q.H.N.); (T.M.H.)
| | - Khanh V. Tran
- Director Office, Le Van Thinh Hospital (Previously Hospital District 2), Ho Chi Minh City 711-13, Vietnam;
| | - Trang T. Duong
- Nursing Office, Tan Phu District Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City 720-16, Vietnam;
| | - Shwu-Huey Yang
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- Research Center of Geriatric Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Nutrition Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
| | - Chyi-Huey Bai
- International Ph.D. Program in Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (T.V.D.)
| | - Tuyen Van Duong
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 110-31, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: (C.-H.B.); (T.V.D.)
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12
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Saurabh S, Verma MK, Gautam V, Kumar N, Jain V, Goel AD, Gupta MK, Sharma PP, Bhardwaj P, Singh K, Nag VL, Garg MK, Misra S. Tobacco, alcohol use and other risk factors for developing symptomatic COVID-19 vs asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection: a case-control study from western Rajasthan, India. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2021; 115:820-831. [PMID: 33444432 PMCID: PMC7928693 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/traa172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding risk factors of symptomatic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vis-à-vis asymptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, severe disease and death is important. METHODS An unmatched case-control study was conducted through telephonic interviews among individuals who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 in Jodhpur, India from 23 March to 20 July 2020. Contact history, comorbidities and tobacco and alcohol use were elicited using standard tools. RESULTS Among 911 SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals, 47.5% were symptomatic, 14.1% had severe COVID-19 and 41 (4.5%) died. Older age, working outside the home, cardiac and respiratory comorbidity and alcohol use were found to increase the risk of symptomatic disease as compared with asymptomatic infection. Current tobacco smoking (odds ratio [OR] 0.46 [95% confidence interval {CI} 0.26 to 0.78]) but not smokeless tobacco use (OR 0.81 [95% CI 0.55 to 1.19]) appeared to reduce the risk of symptomatic disease. Age ≥60 y and renal comorbidity were significantly associated with severe COVID-19. Age ≥60 y and respiratory and cardiac comorbidity were found to predispose to mortality. CONCLUSIONS The apparent reduced risk of symptomatic COVID-19 among tobacco smokers could be due to residual confounding owing to unknown factors, while acknowledging the limitation of recall bias. Cross-protection afforded by frequent upper respiratory tract infection among tobacco smokers could explain why a similar association was not found for smokeless tobacco use, thereby being more plausible than the 'nicotinic hypothesis'. Those with comorbidities and age ≥60 y should be prioritized for hospital admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Saurabh
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Verma
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Vaishali Gautam
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Nitesh Kumar
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Vidhi Jain
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Akhil Dhanesh Goel
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gupta
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Prem Prakash Sharma
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Pankaj Bhardwaj
- Department of Community Medicine and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Kuldeep Singh
- Department of Paediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Vijaya Lakshmi Nag
- Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Mahendra Kumar Garg
- Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
| | - Sanjeev Misra
- Director, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan 342005, India
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13
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Does exercise have healing and preventive roles in COVID-19 pandemic? JOURNAL OF SURGERY AND MEDICINE 2021. [DOI: 10.28982/josam.790379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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da Silveira MP, da Silva Fagundes KK, Bizuti MR, Starck É, Rossi RC, de Resende E Silva DT. Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clin Exp Med 2021. [PMID: 32728975 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3/figures/4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Acute viral respiratory infections are the main infectious disease in the world. In 2020, a new disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became a global pandemic. The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as genetics, age and physical state, and its main input receptor is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. The practice of physical exercises acts as a modulator of the immune system. During and after physical exercise, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are released, lymphocyte circulation increases, as well as cell recruitment. Such practice has an effect on the lower incidence, intensity of symptoms and mortality in viral infections observed in people who practice physical activity regularly, and its correct execution must be considered to avoid damage. The initial response is given mainly by type I interferons (IFN-I), which drive the action macrophages and lymphocytes, followed by lymphocyte action. A suppression of the IFN-I response has been noted in COVID-19. Severe conditions have been associated with storms of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphopenia, as well as circulatory changes and virus dispersion to other organs. The practice of physical activities strengthens the immune system, suggesting a benefit in the response to viral communicable diseases. Thus, regular practice of adequate intensity is suggested as an auxiliary tool in strengthening and preparing the immune system for COVID-19. Further studies are needed to associate physical exercise with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matheus Ribeiro Bizuti
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, SC 484 - KM 02, 89802-000, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Édina Starck
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, SC 484 - KM 02, 89802-000, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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15
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Vancini RL, Camargo-Neto L, de Lira CAB, Andrade MS, Viana RB, Nikolaidis PT, Knechtle B, Gentil P, Piacezzi LHV, Lopes MCBT, Batista REA, Vancini-Campanharo CR. Physical Activity and Sociodemographic Profile of Brazilian People during COVID-19 Outbreak: An Online and Cross-Sectional Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17217964. [PMID: 33138270 PMCID: PMC7663508 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17217964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has created an unprecedented impact on global health and further aggravated the physical inactivity pandemic. For this reason, the understanding of sociodemographic variables in the context of physical activity levels are important for the field of public health in order to assist in relevant public health decisions. Our main aim was to characterize sociodemographic variables and physical activity levels and their association with COVID-19 aspects. We applied an online Google survey with closed questions in Brazilian people of different age and regions, both sexes and physical activity levels (n = 1.726). Our main results were that participants who had symptoms of COVID-19 had the highest percentage of level 1 of physical activity (the lowest level according to the classification used) and those who showed no symptoms had the highest percentage of levels 2 and 3 of physical activity; that is, close to the light/moderate levels of physical activity. This cross-sectional study in the Brazilian population provided important sociodemographic data and COVID-19 aspects regarding the level of physical activity. It is possible to assume that the regular practice of physical activity could positively impact health status and quality of life and be a tool in the field of public health to cope (from a physical and mental point of view) with disease scenarios that require quarantine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo L. Vancini
- Centro de Educação Física e Desportos (CEFD), Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Espírito Santo (ES) 29075-910, Brazil;
| | - Luiz Camargo-Neto
- Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-062, Brazil; (L.C.-N.); (L.H.V.P.); (M.C.B.T.L.); (R.E.A.B.); (C.R.V.-C.)
| | - Claudio A. B. de Lira
- Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás (GO) 74.690-900, Brazil; (C.A.B.d.L.); (R.B.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Marília S. Andrade
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-910, Brazil;
| | - Ricardo B. Viana
- Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás (GO) 74.690-900, Brazil; (C.A.B.d.L.); (R.B.V.); (P.G.)
| | - Pantelis T. Nikolaidis
- School of Health and Caring Sciences, University of West Attica, Athens, 11521 Attica, Greece
- Correspondence:
| | - Beat Knechtle
- Medbase St. Gallen Am Vadianplatz, St. Gallen and Institute of Primary Care, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Paulo Gentil
- Setor de Fisiologia Humana e do Exercício, Faculdade de Educação Física e Dança, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás (GO) 74.690-900, Brazil; (C.A.B.d.L.); (R.B.V.); (P.G.)
- Liga de Hipertensão Arterial, Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Goiás (GO) 74.690-900, Brazil
| | - Luiz H. V. Piacezzi
- Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-062, Brazil; (L.C.-N.); (L.H.V.P.); (M.C.B.T.L.); (R.E.A.B.); (C.R.V.-C.)
| | - Maria C. B. Teixeira Lopes
- Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-062, Brazil; (L.C.-N.); (L.H.V.P.); (M.C.B.T.L.); (R.E.A.B.); (C.R.V.-C.)
| | - Ruth E. Assayag Batista
- Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-062, Brazil; (L.C.-N.); (L.H.V.P.); (M.C.B.T.L.); (R.E.A.B.); (C.R.V.-C.)
| | - Cássia R. Vancini-Campanharo
- Escola Paulista de Enfermagem (EPE), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo (SP) 04023-062, Brazil; (L.C.-N.); (L.H.V.P.); (M.C.B.T.L.); (R.E.A.B.); (C.R.V.-C.)
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16
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Agrawal H, Das N, Nathani S, Saha S, Saini S, Kakar SS, Roy P. An Assessment on Impact of COVID-19 Infection in a Gender Specific Manner. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2020; 17:94-112. [PMID: 33029768 PMCID: PMC7541100 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-020-10048-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by novel coronavirus Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). It was first time reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China and thereafter quickly spread across the globe. Till September 19, 2020, COVID-19 has spread to 216 countries and territories. Severe infection of SARS-CoV-2 cause extreme increase in inflammatory chemokines and cytokines that may lead to multi-organ damage and respiratory failure. Currently, no specific treatment and authorized vaccines are available for its treatment. Renin angiotensin system holds a promising role in human physiological system specifically in regulation of blood pressure and electrolyte and fluid balance. SARS-CoV-2 interacts with Renin angiotensin system by utilizing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) as a receptor for its cellular entry. This interaction hampers the protective action of ACE2 in the cells and causes injuries to organs due to persistent angiotensin II (Ang-II) level. Patients with certain comorbidities like hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease are under the high risk of COVID-19 infection and mortality. Moreover, evidence obtained from several reports also suggests higher susceptibility of male patients for COVID-19 mortality and other acute viral infections compared to females. Analysis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS) epidemiological data also indicate a gender-based preference in disease consequences. The current review addresses the possible mechanisms responsible for higher COVID-19 mortality among male patients. The major underlying aspects that was looked into includes smoking, genetic factors, and the impact of reproductive hormones on immune systems and inflammatory responses. Detailed investigations of this gender disparity could provide insight into the development of patient tailored therapeutic approach which would be helpful in improving the poor outcomes of COVID-19. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himanshu Agrawal
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Neeladrisingha Das
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sandip Nathani
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sarama Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Surendra Saini
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India
| | - Sham S Kakar
- Department of Physiology, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA
| | - Partha Roy
- Molecular Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, 247667, India.
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17
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Behavioral strategies to prevent and mitigate COVID-19 infection. SPORTS MEDICINE AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2020; 2:115-125. [PMID: 34189481 PMCID: PMC7481129 DOI: 10.1016/j.smhs.2020.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The single stranded RNA virus SARS-CoV-2 has caused a massive addition to the already leading global cause of mortality, viral respiratory tract infections. Characterized by and associated with early and deleteriously enhanced production of pro-inflammatory cytokines by respiratory epithelial cells, severe COVID-19 illness has the potential to inflict acute respiratory distress syndrome and even death. Due to the fast spreading nature of COVID-19 and the current lack of a vaccine or specific pharmaceutical treatments, understanding of viral pathogenesis, behavioral prophylaxis, and mitigation tactics are of great public health concern. This review article outlines the immune response to viral pathogens, and due to the novelty of COVID-19 and the large body of evidence suggesting the respiratory and immune benefits from regular moderate intensity exercise, provides observational and mechanistic evidence from research on other viral infections that suggests strategically planned exercise regimens may help reduce susceptibility to infection, while also mitigating severe immune responses to infection commonly associated with poor COVID-19 prognosis. We propose that regular moderate intensity exercise should be considered as part of a combinatorial approach including widespread hygiene initiatives, properly planned and well-executed social distancing policies, and use of efficacious facial coverings like N95 respirators. Studies discerning COVID-19 pathogenesis mechanisms, transfer dynamics, and individual responses to pharmaceutical and adjunct treatments are needed to reduce viral transmission and bring an end to the COVID-19 pandemic.
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18
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da Silveira MP, da Silva Fagundes KK, Bizuti MR, Starck É, Rossi RC, de Resende E Silva DT. Physical exercise as a tool to help the immune system against COVID-19: an integrative review of the current literature. Clin Exp Med 2020; 21:15-28. [PMID: 32728975 PMCID: PMC7387807 DOI: 10.1007/s10238-020-00650-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Acute viral respiratory infections are the main infectious disease in the world. In 2020, a new disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), became a global pandemic. The immune response to the virus depends on factors such as genetics, age and physical state, and its main input receptor is the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2. The practice of physical exercises acts as a modulator of the immune system. During and after physical exercise, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines are released, lymphocyte circulation increases, as well as cell recruitment. Such practice has an effect on the lower incidence, intensity of symptoms and mortality in viral infections observed in people who practice physical activity regularly, and its correct execution must be considered to avoid damage. The initial response is given mainly by type I interferons (IFN-I), which drive the action macrophages and lymphocytes, followed by lymphocyte action. A suppression of the IFN-I response has been noted in COVID-19. Severe conditions have been associated with storms of pro-inflammatory cytokines and lymphopenia, as well as circulatory changes and virus dispersion to other organs. The practice of physical activities strengthens the immune system, suggesting a benefit in the response to viral communicable diseases. Thus, regular practice of adequate intensity is suggested as an auxiliary tool in strengthening and preparing the immune system for COVID-19. Further studies are needed to associate physical exercise with SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Matheus Ribeiro Bizuti
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, SC 484 - KM 02, 89802-000, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
| | - Édina Starck
- Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Campus Chapecó, SC 484 - KM 02, 89802-000, Chapecó, SC, Brazil
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19
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Jiang C, Chen Q, Xie M. Smoking increases the risk of infectious diseases: A narrative review. Tob Induc Dis 2020; 18:60. [PMID: 32765200 PMCID: PMC7398598 DOI: 10.18332/tid/123845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Smoking is relevant to infectious diseases resulting in increased prevalence and mortality. In this article, we aim to provide an overview of the effects of smoking in various infections and to explain the potential mechanisms. We searched PubMed and other relevant databases for scientific studies that explored the relationship between smoking and infection. The mechanisms of susceptibility to infection in smokers may include alteration of the structural, functional and immunologic host defences. Smoking is one of the main risk factors for infections in the respiratory tract, digestive tract, reproductive tract, and other systems in humans, increasing the prevalence of HIV, tuberculosis, SARS-CoV, and the current SARS-CoV-2. Smoking cessation can reduce the risk of infection. Smoking increases the incidence of infections and aggravates the progress and prognosis of infectious diseases in a dose-dependent manner. Smoking cessation promotion and education are the most practical and economical preventive measures to reduce aggravation of disease infection owing to tobacco use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Jiang
- Department of Gerontology and Respirology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Chen
- National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingxuan Xie
- Department of Gerontology and Respirology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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20
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Yu T, Fu M, Zhang B, Feng L, Meng H, Li X, Su S, Dun Q, Cheng S, Nian Y, Wu Q, Meng Z, Duan Y, Liu X, Chen L, Wu N, Zou Y. Neighbourhood built environment and leisure-time physical activity: A cross-sectional study in southern China. Eur J Sport Sci 2020; 21:285-292. [PMID: 32228161 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1749311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
This study conducted scientific evidence linking neighbourhood built environment to adults' leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among adults in China. Data were obtained from a questionnaire survey conducted from April to July 2017 among 1002 adults aged 18-69 years old in Pingshan District, Shenzhen, China. Chinese Walkable Environment Scale for urban community residents and International Physical Activity Questionnaire were used to measure participants' neighbourhood built environment and leisure-time physical activity, which was categorised into leisure-time walking (LTW) and leisure-time moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (LTMVPA). A total of 986 participants (mean age = 40.7 years, 53.3% females) were included in this research. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the socio-demographic variables, LTW and LTMVPA by sex. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to examine the association between neighbourhood environment characteristics and the likelihood of engaging in active LTW and LTMVPA. Only 20.7% of participants engaged in active LTW and 17.8% active LTMVPA. Better road condition was associated with higher likelihood of active (at least 150 min/week) LTW and LTMVPA. High perceived esthetic was positively associated with LTW and LTMVPA. Active LTW was related to better perception of traffic condition as well. The improvement of the neighbourhood environment characteristics can promote active LTPA among adults living in Shenzhen, China. Our findings support the importance of considering population health effects in urban planning and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yu
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Maozhen Fu
- Disease Control and Prevention Center of Pingshan District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingzheng Zhang
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijuan Feng
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Hongdao Meng
- School of Aging Studies, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Xin Li
- School of Urban Design, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiliang Su
- School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Dun
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Cheng
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunpeng Nian
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qixin Wu
- West China School of Pubulic Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Meng
- School of Nursing, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiting Duan
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Liu
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Longwei Chen
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Nengjian Wu
- Disease Control and Prevention Center of Pingshan District, Shenzhen, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuliang Zou
- School of Health sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
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21
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Laddu DR, Lavie CJ, Phillips SA, Arena R. Physical activity for immunity protection: Inoculating populations with healthy living medicine in preparation for the next pandemic. Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2020; 64:102-104. [PMID: 32278694 PMCID: PMC7195025 DOI: 10.1016/j.pcad.2020.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Deepika R Laddu
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA.
| | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School-University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Shane A Phillips
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ross Arena
- Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Science, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, USA
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22
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Nieman DC, Wentz LM. The compelling link between physical activity and the body's defense system. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2019; 8:201-217. [PMID: 31193280 PMCID: PMC6523821 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 597] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Revised: 08/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes research discoveries within 4 areas of exercise immunology that have received the most attention from investigators: (1) acute and chronic effects of exercise on the immune system, (2) clinical benefits of the exercise-immune relationship, (3) nutritional influences on the immune response to exercise, and (4) the effect of exercise on immunosenescence. These scientific discoveries can be organized into distinctive time periods: 1900-1979, which focused on exercise-induced changes in basic immune cell counts and function; 1980-1989, during which seminal papers were published with evidence that heavy exertion was associated with transient immune dysfunction, elevated inflammatory biomarkers, and increased risk of upper respiratory tract infections; 1990-2009, when additional focus areas were added to the field of exercise immunology including the interactive effect of nutrition, effects on the aging immune system, and inflammatory cytokines; and 2010 to the present, when technological advances in mass spectrometry allowed system biology approaches (i.e., metabolomics, proteomics, lipidomics, and microbiome characterization) to be applied to exercise immunology studies. The future of exercise immunology will take advantage of these technologies to provide new insights on the interactions between exercise, nutrition, and immune function, with application down to the personalized level. Additionally, these methodologies will improve mechanistic understanding of how exercise-induced immune perturbations reduce the risk of common chronic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C. Nieman
- Human Performance Laboratory, Appalachian State University, North Carolina Research Campus, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA
- Corresponding author.
| | - Laurel M. Wentz
- Department of Nutrition and Health Care Management, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA
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