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Curtis RM, Wang HS, Luo X, Dugo EB, Stevens JJ, Tchounwou PB. Fractionated Leaf Extracts of Ocimum gratissimum Inhibit the Proliferation and Induce Apoptosis of A549 Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells. Nutrients 2024; 16:2737. [PMID: 39203873 PMCID: PMC11357273 DOI: 10.3390/nu16162737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/14/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous in vitro studies in our laboratory demonstrated that ethyl acetate (P2) and water- soluble (PS/PT1) fractionated leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum inhibit the proliferation of prostate cancer cells. It has been reported that the crude aqueous extract induces apoptosis in lung adenocarcinoma cells; however, the efficacy of the fractionated extracts against these cells remains unclear. In the present study, we hypothesized that the ability of the fractionated extracts to inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis is associated with the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins and induction of DNA condensation in A549 cells. Ocimum gratissimum was cultivated and its leaves were harvested, extracted, and fractionated to produce fractions P2 and PS/PT1. Anti-proliferative activity was assessed by direct cell count. For morphological characterization of apoptosis, 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining was employed. Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate the apoptotic activity of the fractionated extracts. In data generated from anti-proliferation studies, P2 significantly inhibited cell proliferation in a concentration-dependent manner; PS/PT1 elicited a decrease in the viability of cells, occurring at 500 µg/mL. 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole staining revealed the induction of apoptosis, as evidenced by the formation of apoptotic bodies. Increased levels of pro-apoptotic proteins were observed as the concentrations of the fractionated extracts increased. These results suggest that fractionated leaf extracts of Ocimum gratissimum inhibit the proliferation and induce apoptosis of A549 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael M. Curtis
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (J.J.S.); (P.B.T.)
| | - Heng-Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Guangxi Normal University, No. 15 Yu Cai Road, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Xuan Luo
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, No. 100 East Daxue Road, Nanning 530004, China
| | - Erika B. Dugo
- Department of Natural and Behavioral Sciences, College of Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics, Johnson C. Smith University, 100 Beatties Ford Road, Charlotte, NC 28216, USA
| | - Jacqueline J. Stevens
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (J.J.S.); (P.B.T.)
| | - Paul B. Tchounwou
- College of Science, Engineering, and Technology, Jackson State University, 1400 JR Lynch Street, Jackson, MS 39217, USA; (J.J.S.); (P.B.T.)
- RCMI Center for Urban Health Disparities Research and Innovation, Morgan State University, 1700 E. Cold Spring Lane, Baltimore, MD 21252, USA
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Tüzün BS, Karadağ BT, Oran S, Öztürk Ş, Yilmaz FF, Fafal T, Kivçak B. Determination of phytochemical contents by LC/QTOF/MS and evaluation of in-vitro biological activities of 2 Peltigera lichens from Bursa. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2024; 96:e20230657. [PMID: 38896692 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202420230657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Lichens are symbiotic associations of algae and fungi. They are edible as food and have been used in traditional medicine for years. It is aimed to screen Peltigera praetextata (Flörke ex Sommerf.) Zopfand and Peltigera elisabethae Gyeln. phytochemically by LC/QTOF/MS and according to the constituents to evaluate the antioxidant, tyrosinase inhibitory, and antibacterial activities. In total 54 of metabolites detected by LC/QTOF/MS were common in both species. According to LC/QTOF/MS scanning results, alkaloids, iridoid glycosides, phenolics, cyanogenetic glycosides, and terpenic structures were detected. DPPH, ABTS, superoxide radical scavenging activities, and metal chelating capacity IC50 values were 84.55, 9.349; 51.27, 9.127; 95.01, 58.65 and 20.57, 70.08 µg/mL., respectively. The CUPRAC reducing power was determined as 4.69 and 9.57 TEACCUPRAC, respectively. Tyrosinase inhibitor activity were found to be 86.95 and 196.7 µg/mL. Both lichens did not show antimicrobial effects. As a result of the antioxidant and tyrosinase inhibitor activities it was seen that their activities were significant and further in vivo studies could be carried out on this lichens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu S Tüzün
- Ege University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzene District, Bornova, 35040, Izmır, Turkıye
| | - Başak T Karadağ
- Ege University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzene District, Bornova, 35040, Izmır, Turkıye
| | - Seyhan Oran
- Uludag University, Deparment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Görükle District, Nilüfer, 16285, Bursa, Turkıye
| | - Şule Öztürk
- Uludag University, Deparment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Görükle District, Nilüfer, 16285, Bursa, Turkıye
| | - Fethiye F Yilmaz
- Ege University, Deparment of Pharmaceutical Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzene District, Bornova, 35040, Izmır, Turkıye
| | - Tuğçe Fafal
- Ege University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzene District, Bornova, 35040, Izmır, Turkıye
| | - Bijen Kivçak
- Ege University, Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erzene District, Bornova, 35040, Izmır, Turkıye
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Mathur A, Meena A, Luqman S. Monoterpenoids: An upcoming class of therapeutic agents for modulating cancer metastasis. Phytother Res 2024; 38:939-969. [PMID: 38102850 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Monoterpenoids, a sub-class of terpenoids, are secondary metabolites frequently extracted from the essential oils of aromatic plants. Their antitumor properties including antiproliferative, apoptotic, antiangiogenic, and antimetastatic effects along with other biological activities have been the subject of extensive study due to their diverse characteristics. In recent years, numerous investigations have been conducted to understand its potential anticancer impacts, specifically focusing on antiproliferative and apoptotic mechanisms. Metastasis, a malignancy hallmark, can exert either protective or destructive influences on tumor cells. Despite this, the potential antimetastatic and antiangiogenic attributes of monoterpenoids need further exploration. This review focuses on specific monoterpenoids, examining their effects on metastasis and relevant signaling pathways. The monoterpenoids exhibit a high level of complexity as natural products that regulate metastatic proteins through various signaling pathways, including phosphoinositide 3-kinase/protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin, mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/jun N-terminal kinase, nuclear factor kappa B, vascular endothelial growth factor, and epithelial mesenchymal transition process. Additionally, this review delves into the biosynthesis and classification of monoterpenoids, their potential antitumor impacts on cell lines, the plant sources of monoterpenoids, and the current status of limited clinical trials investigating their efficacy against cancer. Moreover, monoterpenoids depict promising potential in preventing cancer metastasis, however, inadequate clinical trials limit their drug usage. State-of-the-art techniques and technologies are being employed to overcome the challenges of utilizing monoterpenoids as an anticancer agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Mathur
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Abha Meena
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Suaib Luqman
- Bioprospection and Product Development Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Hallmann E, Rusaczonek A, Muszyńska E, Ziółkowski D, Kuliński S, Jasek J, Ponder A. A Long-Term Study on Chemical Compounds and Their Location in Sweet Basil Leaves from Organic and Conventional Producers. Foods 2024; 13:383. [PMID: 38338517 PMCID: PMC10855304 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioactive compound profiles in organic and conventional sweet basil were analyzed by HPLC, and the enzymatic status and antioxidant status of plants cultivated with the two systems were also examined. Fluorescence microscopy was used for the determination of compounds' locations in the basil leaves. The experiment was conducted from 2019 to 2021. Organic and conventional basil samples were obtained directly from Polish herb producers. The results showed that the chemical profiles of organic and conventional basil leaves are different. Not only the cultivation method but also the experimental year had a significant impact on the antioxidant content in basil leaves. Organic basil contained significantly more dry matter (11.97 g 100 g-1 FW) compared to conventional one (10.54 g 100 g-1 FW) and a higher tendency for total phenolic compounds (5.24 mg g -1 DW) accumulation. The higher bioactive compound content reflects the antioxidant activity (61.0%, 54.33%, and 46%) in organic basil compared to conventional (46.87%, 38.055, and 39.24%) with respect to the analysis method (ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP). Catalase activity (39 µmol H2O2 min-1 mg-1) in organic basil was higher compared to conventional (23.19 µmol H2O2 min-1 mg-1) ones. The obtained results are very unique and could be used by herb producers as a key for high-quality basil production. The higher concentration of bioactive compounds in organic basil gives a better nutraceutical status to this popular herb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewelina Hallmann
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
- Bioeconomy Research Institute, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Magnus University, Donelaicio 58, 44248 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Anna Rusaczonek
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Ewa Muszyńska
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland; (A.R.); (E.M.)
| | - Daniel Ziółkowski
- Military University of Technology, gen. Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Sebastian Kuliński
- The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Rd, Box 1341, Wanstead BB11000, Barbados;
| | - Jakub Jasek
- Independent Public Health Care, Henryka Sienkiewicza 7, 09-100 Płońsk, Poland;
| | - Alicja Ponder
- Department of Functional and Organic Food, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159c, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland;
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Sale AI, Uthairatanakij A, Laohakunjit N, Jitareerat P, Kaisangsri N. Pre-harvest supplemental LED treatments led to improved postharvest quality of sweet basil leaves. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2023; 248:112788. [PMID: 37769604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2023.112788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
This study determined the effects of supplemental light-emitting diode (LED) treatments on the nutrient quality and volatile compounds of sweet basil leaves during stimulated shelf-life. Basil plants were grown in a greenhouse under different supplemental LEDs (white, blue, red, or red + blue each at 100 μmol m-2 s-1), while plants grown under sunlight served as the control. The findings revealed that plant height and canopy of basil showed a significant increase under red LED irradiation, while the leaf area was improved by the blue LED exposure. Moreover, blue LEDs enhanced the levels of phenolic compounds, total phenolic contents, total flavonoid contents, and PAL (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase) activity in harvested sweet basil leaves. Additionally, red + blue LEDs lighting stimulated the production of volatile compounds. During storage, the samples treated with blue LEDs maintained a higher quality compared to the control samples. In conclusion, the application of blue or red + blue LEDs prior to harvest can be beneficial for promoting and preserving the nutritional quality of sweet basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ibrahim Sale
- Department of Postharvest Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apiradee Uthairatanakij
- Department of Postharvest Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Natta Laohakunjit
- Department of Biochemical Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pongphen Jitareerat
- Department of Postharvest Technology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nattapon Kaisangsri
- Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thailand
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Rahimi M, Mortazavi M, Mianabadi A, Debnath S. Evaluation of basil (Ocimum basilicum) accessions under different drought conditions based on yield and physio-biochemical traits. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2023; 23:523. [PMID: 37891460 PMCID: PMC10612340 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Basil is one of the most famous herbs, which has broad usage as a fresh vegetable and therapeutic and pharmaceutical services. The main abiotic stress limiting basil production globally is drought. As a result, appropriate drought screening-which effectively separates high-yielding but drought-sensitive genotypes from drought-tolerant genotypes-is necessary for the optimal selection of high-yielding basil cultivars under drought stress conditions. So, a split plot experiment with three replications based on a completely randomized design were carried out in a pot under field conditions for this investigation. Water levels (full irrigation or control, moderate stress, and severe stress) were assigned as main plots, while 22 basil accessions were given as sub-plots. In this study, leaf yield as well as physio-biochemical traits had measured on accessions. RESULTS Our results revealed large variation in yield, essential oil (%), protein, proline, chlorophyll, total phenol and flavonoids traits across the 22 accessions. The percentage of leaf yield reduction in moderate drought stress than normal conditions showed that G1 (-6.5%), G17 (-7.05%), G20 (-9.01%), and G12 (-10.9%) accessions had the least changes, respectively. Although in severe drought stress than normal conditions, the G1 (-32.01%), G12 (-33.12%), G4 (-33.24%), G7 (-34.11%), and G17 (-34.93%) accessions had the least amount of change in plant leaf yield, respectively. Furthermore, the highest yield reduction occurred in moderate and severe stress conditions in G18 (-25.36%) and G8 (-42.98%) accessions, respectively. Cluster analysis based on the ward method in both conditions (moderate and severe drought conditions) placed the accessions in three groups, and accessions were identified as tolerant, whose average traits in that group were higher than the total average. The principal component analysis also showed that in moderate drought conditions, the first two components explained about 95.28% of the total variation, while in severe drought conditions, these two components explained about 96.37% of the total variation. CONCLUSIONS The different multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, PCA, mean comparison) were used to identify tolerant and sensitive accessions based on all traits. The accessions G3, G4, G6, and G7 were found to be tolerant to stress, while G10, G15, G16, and G20 were found to be sensitive to drought. These accessions are a useful step in producing drought-tolerant, high-yielding accessions and can be utilized in breeding programs for basil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Rahimi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ameneh Mianabadi
- Department of Ecology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran
| | - Sandip Debnath
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, PalliSiksha Bhavana (Institute of Agriculture), Visva-Bharati University, Sriniketan, West Bengal, 731236, India
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Prangthip P, Panbangred W, Reamtong O. Potential antihypertensive activity of novel peptides from green basil leaves. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:282. [PMID: 37553559 PMCID: PMC10410819 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04098-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is among the risk factors of death globally. Novel antihypertensive peptides are alternative choices of antihypertensive assistance. This study aimed to discover novel antihypertensive peptides from green basil leaves. Two bioactive peptides with high angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition (Asp-Leu-Ser-Ser-Ala-Pro; peptide 1) and antioxidant (Asp-Ser-Val-Ser-Ala-Ser-Pro; peptide 2) activities were gavaged to male Wistar rats induced with NG-nitro-l-arginine methyl-ester (L-NAME). L-NAME-treated rats (HT) had decreased body weights and levels of nitrite and nitrate, which are metabolites of nitric oxide. The levels of their glucose and liver function indicators increased as compared to normal rats. HT rats receiving antihypertensive drugs (HTD) showed higher low-density lipoprotein and low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein levels than HT rats. Peptide 1 seems to benefit the rat lipid profiles, liver functions, antioxidant, nitrite, nitrate, and angiotensin II peptide levels but not peptide 2. In conclusion, our findings indicate the antihypertensive potential related to vasodilation of peptides from green basil leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattaneeya Prangthip
- Department of Tropical Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
| | - Watanalai Panbangred
- Research, Innovation and Partnerships Office, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Baković M, Perković L, Matijević G, Martić A, Vujović T, Ekić S, Fumić M, Jurić S, Čož-Rakovac R, Roje M, Jokić S, Jerković I. Bioprospecting of Five Ocimum sp. Cultivars from Croatia: New Potential for Dietary and Dermatological Application with Embryotoxicity Tests. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:981. [PMID: 37513893 PMCID: PMC10385215 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum L. is the most common Ocimum species, and it is used as an ornamental plant and in food condiments. This unique study examined the chemical composition and biological activities of six extracts from five basil cultivars, including their antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antilipidemic, neuroprotective, and anticollagenase activity. Moreover, their toxicological effects were studied using the zebrafish Danio rerio. Volatile components were determined using HS-SPME and GC-MS, while total polyphenols were detected using HPLC and the spectrophotometric Folin-Ciocalteu method. Spectrophotometric assays (DPPH, ABTS, ORAC, FRAP) were performed to determine antioxidant activity, collagenase inhibition, acetylcholinesterase inhibition, and pancreatic lipase inhibition. Antimicrobial activity was determined using the broth microdilution test. The study found that the biological activities of different basil cultivars varied depending on the proportion of active compounds, as determined by chemical analyses. All six basil extracts significantly inhibited α-amylase, while Purple basil extract most significantly inhibited the activity of collagenase, acetylcholinesterase, and pancreatic lipase. Purple basil and Dark Opal basil I extracts exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity, while the Dark Opal basil II extract had the most significant antioxidant potential. The findings in this study suggest that ethanolic basil extracts have the potential to be used as dietary drugs and implemented in antiaging products. This study is unique in its aims to compare the chemical composition and biological activities of basil cultivars from Croatia and to evaluate potential toxicological effects through embryotoxicity tests on zebrafish Danio rerio embryos, and it reports the first evidence of anticollagenase, antidiabetic, and antilipidemic activities for these cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Baković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lucija Perković
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gabrijela Matijević
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ana Martić
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Vujović
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Ekić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Monika Fumić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sara Jurić
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Rozelindra Čož-Rakovac
- Laboratory for Aquaculture Biotechnology, Division of Materials Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marin Roje
- Laboratory for Chiral Technologies, Division of Organic Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Stela Jokić
- Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Igor Jerković
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000 Split, Croatia
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Lim H, Lee SY, Ho LY, Sit NW. Mosquito Larvicidal Activity and Cytotoxicity of the Extracts of Aromatic Plants from Malaysia. INSECTS 2023; 14:512. [PMID: 37367328 DOI: 10.3390/insects14060512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite ongoing control efforts, the mosquito population and diseases vectored by them continue to thrive worldwide, causing major health concerns. There has been growing interest in the use of botanicals as alternatives to insecticides due to their widespread insecticidal properties, biodegradability, and adaptability to ecological conditions. In this study, we investigated the larvicidal activity and cytotoxicity effects of solvent extracts from three aromatic plants-Curcuma longa (turmeric), Ocimum americanum (hoary basil), and Petroselinum crispum (parsley)-against Aedes albopictus. Subsequently, we examined the phytochemical composition of the extracts through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. Results revealed that the hexane extracts of O. americanum and P. crispum exhibited the greatest larvicidal activity with the lowest median lethal concentration (LC50) values (<30 µg/mL) at 24 h post-treatment, with the former found to be significantly less toxic towards African monkey kidney (Vero) cells. The GC-MS analysis of the said extract indicated the presence of different classes of metabolites, including phenylpropanoids, very long-chain alkanes, fatty acids and their derivatives, and terpenes, with the most abundant component being methyl eugenol (55.28%), most of which, have been documented for their larvicidal activities. These findings provide valuable insights into the potential use and development of bioinsecticides, particularly from O. americanum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Lim
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Sook Yee Lee
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Lai Yee Ho
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
| | - Nam Weng Sit
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Bandar Barat, Kampar 31900, Malaysia
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Mongalo NI, Raletsena MV, Munyai R. In Vitro Pharmacological Activity, and Comparison GC-ToF-MS Profiling of Extracts from Cissus cornifolia (Baker) Planch. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13030728. [PMID: 36983882 PMCID: PMC10059918 DOI: 10.3390/life13030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Cissus cornifolia (Baker) Planch is traditionally used in South African traditional medicine (SATM) to treat a variety of human infections. The antimicrobial activity of extracts from C. cornifolia was investigated in vitro against a plethora of pathogenic microorganisms using the microdilution assay. The acetone extract exhibited a notable minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of 0.10 mg/mL against Mycoplasma hominis and a further MIC of 0.20 mg/mL against Candida parapsilosis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis. In the antiproliferative assays, both the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts exhibited a potent inhibition of the MCF-7-21 cell line. In the anti-inflammatory assays, both the ethyl acetate and methanol extracts exhibited IC50 values of 15.59 and 15.78 µg/mL against Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), respectively. Methanol extract further exhibited potent dual inhibition of both COX-2 and 15-LOX enzymes, hence, recommended to curb both related cancers, particularly breast cancer and inflammation-borne diseases. In the comparative gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC/TOF-MS), the acetone, ethyl acetate, and methanol extract contained significantly prevalent amounts of compound 2-(2',4',4',6',6',8',8'-Heptamethyltetrasiloxan-2'-yloxy)-2,4,4,6,6,8,8,10,10-nonamethylcyclopentasiloxane with % area ranging from 15.714 to 39.225. The findings in the current work validates the use of the plant species in SATM in the treatment of cancer-like infections, opportunistic infections associated with HIV-AIDS. Furthermore, the in vivo studies and the mechanisms of action still need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nkoana I Mongalo
- College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Laboratories, University of South Africa, Private Bag X06, Florida 0610, South Africa
| | - Maropeng Vellry Raletsena
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Horticulture Centre, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa
| | - Rabelani Munyai
- Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences Horticulture Centre, University of South Africa, Private Bag X6, Florida 1710, South Africa
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Felicia Chukwuma I, Orizu Uchendu N, Onyekachukwu Asomadu R, Favour Chinedu Ezeorba W, Prince Chidike Ezeorba T. African and Holy Basil - A review of ethnobotany, phytochemistry, and toxicity of their Essential oil: Current trends and prospects for antimicrobial/anti-parasitic pharmacology. ARAB J CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2023.104870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
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12
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Sallam MF, Ahmed HMS, El-Nekeety AA, Diab KA, Abdel-Aziem SH, Sharaf HA, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Assessment of the Oxidative Damage and Genotoxicity of Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles and Exploring the Protective Role of Holy Basil Oil Nanoemulsions in Rats. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1301-1316. [PMID: 35416606 PMCID: PMC9898350 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03228-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the oxidative damage, genotoxicity, and DNA damage in the liver of rats treated with titanium nanoparticles (TiO2-NPs) with an average size of 28.0 nm and ξ-potential of - 33.97 mV, and to estimate the protective role of holy basil essential oil nanoemulsion (HBEON). Six groups of Male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 3 weeks as follows: the control group, HBEO or HBEON-treated groups (5 mg/kg b.w), TiO2-NPs-treated group (50 mg/kg b.w), and the groups treated with TiO2-NPs plus HBEO or HBEON. Samples of blood and tissues were collected for different analyses. The results revealed that 55 compounds were identified in HBEO, and linalool and methyl chavicol were the major compounds (53.9%, 12.63%, respectively). HBEON were semi-round with the average size and ζ-potential of 120 ± 4.5 nm and - 28 ± 1.3 mV, respectively. TiO2-NP administration increased the serum biochemical indices, oxidative stress markers, serum cytokines, DNA fragmentation, and DNA breakages; decreased the antioxidant enzymes; and induced histological alterations in the liver. Co-administration of TiO2-NPs plus HBEO or HBEON improved all the tested parameters and the liver histology, and HBEON was more effective than HBEO. Therefore, HEBON is a promising candidate able to protect against oxidative damage, disturbances in biochemical markers, gene expression, DNA damage, and histological changes resulting from exposure to TiO2-NPs and may be applicable in the food and pharmaceutical sectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F Sallam
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Helmy M S Ahmed
- Toxicology & Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Aziza A El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Kawthar A Diab
- Genetics and Cytology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Hafiza A Sharaf
- Pathology Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mosaad A Abdel-Wahhab
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Department, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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Qasem A, Assaggaf H, Mrabti HN, Minshawi F, Rajab BS, Attar AA, Alyamani RA, Hamed M, Mrabti NN, Baaboua AE, Omari NE, Alshahrani MM, Awadh AAA, Sheikh RA, Ming LC, Goh KW, Bouyahya A. Determination of Chemical Composition and Investigation of Biological Activities of Ocimum basilicum L. Molecules 2023; 28:614. [PMID: 36677672 PMCID: PMC9866482 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the chemical composition of the essential oils (EOs) of Ocimum basilicum L., as well as to evaluate the antibacterial, antidiabetic, dermatoprotective, and anti-inflammatory properties, and the EOs and aqueous extracts of O. basilicum. The antibacterial activity was evaluated against bacterial strains, Gram-positive and Gram-negative, using the well diffusion and microdilution methods, whereas the antidiabetic activity was assessed in vitro using two enzymes involved in carbohydrate digestion, α-amylase and α-glucosidase. On the other hand, the dermatoprotective and anti-inflammatory activities were studied by testing tyrosinase and lipoxygenase inhibition activity, respectively. The results showed that the chemical composition of O. basilicum EO (OBEO) is dominated by methyl chavicol (86%) and trans-anethol (8%). OBEO exhibited significant antibacterial effects against Gram-negative and Gram-positive strains, demonstrated by considerable diameters of the inhibition zones and lower MIC and MBC values. In addition, OBEO exhibited significant inhibition of α-amylase (IC50 = 50.51 ± 0.32 μg/mL) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 39.84 ± 1.2 μg/mL). Concerning the anti-inflammatory activity, OBEO significantly inhibited lipoxygenase activity (IC50 = 18.28 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 24.8 ± 0.01 μg/mL). Moreover, tyrosinase was considerably inhibited by OBEO (IC50 = 68.58 ± 0.03 μg/mL) compared to the aqueous extract (IC50 = 118.37 ± 0.05 μg/mL). The toxicological investigations revealed the safety of O. basilicum in acute and chronic toxicity. The finding of in silico analysis showed that methyl chavicol and trans-anethole (main compounds of OBEO) validate the pharmacokinetics of these compounds and decipher some antibacterial targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Qasem
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamza Assaggaf
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanae Naceiri Mrabti
- Laboratoires TBC, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, B.P. 8359006 Lille, France
| | - Faisal Minshawi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bodour S. Rajab
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ammar A. Attar
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reema A. Alyamani
- Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Clinical Nutrition Department, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24381, Saudi Arabia
| | - Munerah Hamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nidal Naceiri Mrabti
- Engineering Materials, Modeling and Environmental Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez 30000, Morocco
| | - Aicha El Baaboua
- Biology and Health Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Abdelmalek-Essaadi University, Tetouan 93000, Morocco
| | - Nasreddine El Omari
- Laboratory of Histology, Embryology and Cytogenetic, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
| | - Mohammed Merae Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Abdullah Al Awadh
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, P.O. Box 1988, Najran 61441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ryan Adnan Sheikh
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Long Chiau Ming
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia
| | - Khang Wen Goh
- Faculty of Data Science and Information Technology, INTI International University, Nilai 71800, Malaysia
| | - Abdelhakim Bouyahya
- Laboratory of Human Pathologies Biology, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat 10100, Morocco
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Identification of Key Aromatic Compounds in Basil ( Ocimum L.) Using Sensory Evaluation, Metabolomics and Volatilomics Analysis. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13010085. [PMID: 36677010 PMCID: PMC9865694 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Basil (Ocimum L.) is widely used as a flavor ingredient, however research on basil flavor is limited. In the current study, nine basil species were selected, including Ocimum basilicum L.var. pilosum (Willd.) Benth., Ocimum sanctum, Ocimum basilicum cinnamon, Ocimum gratissimum var. suave, Ocimum tashiroi, Ocimum basilicum, Ocimum americanum, Ocimum basilicum ct linalool, and Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum, and their fragrance and flavor characteristics were assessed by sensory evaluation. The results indicated that Ocimum basilicum var. basilicum and Ocimum gratissimum var. suave have a strong clove smell and exhibited a piquant taste. Metabolomics and volatilomics analyses measured 100 nonvolatile metabolites and 134 volatiles. Differential analysis showed that eugenol, γ-terpinene, germacrene D and malic acid were among the most varied metabolites in basil species. Combined with sensory evaluation results, correlation analysis revealed that β-pinene and γ-cadinene contributed to the piquant smell, while eugenol and germacrene D contributed to the clove smell, and malic acid and L-(−)-arabitol contributed to the sweet flavor in basil. This study provided comprehensive flavor chemistry profiles of basil species and could be used as a guide for basil flavor improvement. The better understanding of objective sensory attributes and chemical composition of fresh basil could introduce the improved cultivars with preponderant traits, which is also in accordance with the various demands of breeders and growers, food producers, and consumers.
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Sultan M, Abdelhakim A, Nassar M, Hassan YR. Active packaging of chitosan film modified with basil oil encapsulated in silica nanoparticles as an alternate for plastic packaging materials. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.102298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Amirzadeh M, Soltanian S, Mohamadi N. Chemical composition, anticancer and antibacterial activity of Nepeta mahanensis essential oil. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:173. [PMID: 35752826 PMCID: PMC9233784 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03642-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Conventional cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and surgery, often affect the patients’ quality of life due to their serious side effects, indicating the urgent need to develop less toxic and more effective alternative treatments. Medicinal plants and their derivatives are invaluable sources for such remedies. The present study aimed to determine the chemical composition, anticancer and antibacterial activities of Nepeta mahanesis essential oil (EO). Methods The chemical composition of EO was analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Cytotoxicity and apoptosis/necrosis induction of EO was analyzed by MTT assay and Flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was performed to evaluate the Bax/Bcl2 gene expression. Also, the effect of the EO on the cells’ mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and ROS level was assessed. DPPH assay was done to assess the free radical scavenging activity of the EO. The Antimicrobial activity, MIC, and MBC of the oil were determined via well-diffusion and broth microdilution methods. Results Based on the GC-MS analysis, 24 compounds were identified in the EO, of which 1,8-cineole (28.5%), Nepetalactone (18.8%), germacrene D (8.1%), and β-pinene (7.2%), were the major compounds. Also, the EO showed considerable cytotoxicity against MCF-7, Caco-2, SH-SY5Y, and HepG2 after 24 and 48 h treatment with IC50 values between 0.0.47 to 0.81 mg/mL. It was revealed that this compound increased the Bax/Bcl2 ratio in the MCF-7 cells and induced apoptosis (27%) and necrosis (18%) in the cells. Moreover, the EO treatment led to a substantial decrease in MMP, which is indicative of apoptosis induction. A significant increase in ROS level was also detected in the cells following exposure to the EO. This compound showed strong DPPH radical scavenging activity (IC50: 30). It was also effective against Gram-positive E. faecalis (ATCC 29,212) and Gram-negative E. coli (ATCC 11,333) bacteria. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated that the EO of N. mahanesis could be considered a bioactive product with biomedical applications that can be used as an alternative cancer treatment and applied in the biomedical industries.
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Hovhannisyan Z, Timotina M, Manoyan J, Gabrielyan L, Petrosyan M, Kusznierewicz B, Bartoszek A, Jacob C, Ginovyan M, Trchounian K, Sahakyan N, Nasim MJ. Ribes nigrum L. Extract-Mediated Green Synthesis and Antibacterial Action Mechanisms of Silver Nanoparticles. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11101415. [PMID: 36290073 PMCID: PMC9598068 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 10/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) represent one of the most widely employed metal-based engineered nanomaterials with a broad range of applications in different areas of science. Plant extracts (PEs) serve as green reducing and coating agents and can be exploited for the generation of Ag NPs. In this study, the phytochemical composition of ethanolic extract of black currant (Ribes nigrum) leaves was determined. The main components of extract include quercetin rutinoside, quercetin hexoside, quercetin glucuronide, quercetin malonylglucoside and quercitrin. The extract was subsequently employed for the green synthesis of Ag NPs. Consequently, R. nigrum leaf extract and Ag NPs were evaluated for potential antibacterial activities against Gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and kanamycin-resistant E. coli pARG-25 strains). Intriguingly, the plant extract did not show any antibacterial effect, whilst Ag NPs demonstrated significant activity against tested bacteria. Biogenic Ag NPs affect the ATPase activity and energy-dependent H+-fluxes in both strains of E. coli, even in the presence of N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCCD). Thus, the antibacterial activity of the investigated Ag NPs can be explained by their impact on the membrane-associated properties of bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaruhi Hovhannisyan
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Marina Timotina
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Russian-Armenian University, 0051 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Jemma Manoyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Lilit Gabrielyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Margarit Petrosyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Barbara Kusznierewicz
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Bartoszek
- Department of Food Chemistry, Technology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Claus Jacob
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
| | - Mikayel Ginovyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Karen Trchounian
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Naira Sahakyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Biotechnology, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
- Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, 0025 Yerevan, Armenia
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (M.J.N.); Tel.: +374-60710547 (N.S.); +496-8130257335 (M.J.N.)
| | - Muhammad Jawad Nasim
- Division of Bioorganic Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Saarland University, 66123 Saarbruecken, Germany
- Correspondence: (N.S.); (M.J.N.); Tel.: +374-60710547 (N.S.); +496-8130257335 (M.J.N.)
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Vârban D, Zăhan M, Pop CR, Socaci S, Ștefan R, Crișan I, Bota LE, Miclea I, Muscă AS, Deac AM, Vârban R. Physicochemical Characterization and Prospecting Biological Activity of Some Authentic Transylvanian Essential Oils: Lavender, Sage and Basil. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12100962. [PMID: 36295864 PMCID: PMC9607517 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12100962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils are a category of agro-based industrial products experiencing increasing demand. In this research, three essential oils obtained by steam distillation from lavender, sage and basil plants cultivated in temperate continental conditions of Transylvania were investigated for chemical composition, physical characteristics and biological activity (antimicrobial and cytotoxic effect on cancer cell lines). The number of identified compounds varied: 38 for lavender, 29 for sage essential oil and 41 for basil. The volatile profile was dominated by terpenes and terpenoids (>80%). Major components were beta-linalool and linalool acetate in lavender essential oil; thujones and camphor in sage essential oil; beta-linalool, thujone, camphor and eucalyptol in basil essential oil. Refractive index of the essential oils was lowest for lavender and highest for sage. Antibacterial activity was strongest for basil, moderate for lavender and weakest for sage essential oil. The most active on both colon adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and ovary carcinoma (A2780) was sage essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Vârban
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Marius Zăhan
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen Rodica Pop
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Florești No. 64, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Florești No. 64, 400509 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Răzvan Ștefan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Biophysics, Life Sciences Institute “King Michael I of Romania”, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Crișan
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Agro-Botanical Garden (CLA), University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Loredana Elena Bota
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ileana Miclea
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adriana Sebastiana Muscă
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alexandru Marius Deac
- Faculty of Animal Science and Biotechnology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Rodica Vârban
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Cluj-Napoca, Calea Mănăștur Street No. 3–5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence: (I.C.); (R.V.)
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Biological properties of lemon basil seeds extract, legumes extract, sesame seeds extract and the inhibitory activity of the combination of lemon basil seeds extract with rice volatiles compounds against α-glucosidase, α-amylase and tyrosinase. ADVANCES IN TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13596-022-00666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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Dharsono HDA, Putri SA, Kurnia D, Dudi D, Satari MH. Ocimum Species: A Review on Chemical Constituents and Antibacterial Activity. Molecules 2022; 27:6350. [PMID: 36234883 PMCID: PMC9573401 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection by bacteria is one of the main problems in health. The use of commercial antibiotics is still one of the treatments to overcome these problems. However, high levels of consumption lead to antibiotic resistance. Several types of antibiotics have been reported to experience resistance. One solution that can be given is the use of natural antibacterial products. There have been many studies reporting the potential antibacterial activity of the Ocimum plant. Ocimum is known to be one of the medicinal plants that have been used traditionally by local people. This plant contains components of secondary metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. Therefore, in this paper, we will discuss five types of Ocimum species, namely O. americanum, O. basilicum, O. gratissimum, O. campechianum, and O. sanctum. The five species are known to contain many chemical constituents and have good antibacterial activity against several pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendra Dian Adhita Dharsono
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Salsabila Aqila Putri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dudi Dudi
- Department of Livestock Production, Faculty of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Mieke Hemiawati Satari
- Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Biological Profiling of Essential Oils and Hydrolates of Ocimum basilicum var. Genovese and var. Minimum Originated from Serbia. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Ocimum has many species that are used to treat diverse kinds of illnesses and sicknesses from ancient times. One of them, Ocimum basilicum L., commonly known as basil, has a vital role due to its various medicinal goods. It is best known as a plant with pharmacological activities, but also as an antioxidant, antimicrobial, and larvicidal agent. Although it has been traditionally used in Serbia in traditional medicine for centuries as an insecticidal, antibacterial, and antifungal plant as well as a traditional culinary plant, none of the O. basilicum varieties have been commercialised until today. There are significant numbers of information across the world that oils and by-products are part of the global market, but no references to the essential oil composition of Serbian plants were found. Therefore, the objective of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant and antimicrobial potentials of essential oil and hydrolate of two different varieties: O. basilicum var. genovese and Ocimum. basilicum var. minimum originating from Serbia for further industrial production of antimicrobial- and/or antioxidant-valued products. The results of this study confirm that essential oils of O. basilicum var. genovese and var. minimum represent a significant source of bioactive compounds, especially linalool, with a high rate of biological activities. Similar behaviour is observed for hydrolates, which are the by-product of the essential oil distillation process and can be utilised as bioactive-rich waste in further investigation.
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Essential Oils of Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum americanum L. from Djibouti: Chemical Composition, Antimicrobial and Cytotoxicity Evaluations. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ocimum plants are of great interest to traditional medicine in the history of several civilizations, particularly in terms of chronic human diseases. Essential oils obtained from this genus have also been used as therapeutic agents. In this present work, two plants of the Ocimum species from Djibouti, Ocimum basilicum L. and Ocimum americanum L., were subjected to hydrodistillation to obtain their essential oils. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was performed to determine the chemical composition of both essential oils. Linalool (41.2%) and estragole (30.1%) are the major compounds among the 37 compounds that have been identified in the essential oil of Ocimum basilicum L. (EOOB), and carvotanacetol (38.4%) and estragole (27.5%) are the main compounds among the 42 compounds that have been identified in the essential oil of Ocimum americanum L. (EOOA). Morever, the cytotoxic activity of EOs was evaluated against 13 human cancer cell lines (K562, A549, HCT116, PC3, U87-MG, MIA-Paca2, HEK293, NCI-N87, RT4, U2OS, A2780, MRC -5 and JIMT-T1) using a luminescence spectrophotometric method; hence, the oils showed significant cytotoxic activities. The antibacterial activities of the oils were assayed on five Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus agalactiae, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Corynebacterium sp.) and seven Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Shigella sonnei, Salmonella enterica sv. Typhimurium and Enterobacter cloacae) by agar disc diffusion methods. Both essential oils exhibited moderate activities against Streptococcus agalactiae, and thus each has an activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa for EOOB and against Enterobacter cloacae for EOOA, while the others are negative. The findings of this work showed the promising anticancer effects of both oils against total cell lines with a potential for use as natural alternatives to synthetic drugs; however, there was only an antibacterial effect against Streptococcus agalactiae.
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Gebremeskel AF, Ngoda PN, Kamau‐Mbuthia EW, Mahungu S. The effect of roasting, storage temperature, and ethanoic basil ( Ocimum basilicum L.) extract on the oxidative stability of crude sesame ( Sesamum indicum L.) oil. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2736-2748. [PMID: 35959257 PMCID: PMC9361459 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) is an annual oilseed crop that is widely used for crude sesame oil (CSO) extraction. CSO is unrefined, thus, may impact the storage stability due to the uncontrolled processing and handling conditions, and absence of preservatives. The purpose of this study intends to analyze the fatty acid profile and oxidative stability of CSO. In a complete randomized (2*2*2) factorial design, clean sesame seeds (3.92% moisture content) were used for oil extraction with/without roasting treatment (200°C). The fatty acid profile and oxidative value of the CSO were analyzed. The roasted sesame seed oil extraction yield was higher (50.9%) and composed of 83.15% unsaturated fatty acids with an omega-6 to omega-3 ratio of 95.3. The ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) to saturated fatty acids (SFAs) was 2.9, while the moisture content of the CSO was 0.37%, exceeding the tolerable limit. The predominant fatty acids of CSO include palmitic, stearic, oleic, and linoleic acids. Elevated thermal condition during processing and handling speeding up oxidation exceeded the tolerable limit after 25 days of storage, while the ethanoic basil extract was found to inhibit oxidation in the range of 16.38%-90% (p-value < .05). The peroxide value (PV), para-anisidine value (p-AV), and total oxidation (TOTOX) value of CSO with 50 ppm (parts per million) basil extract were detected within the range of 0.29-3.92, 0.75-2.59, and 1.57-8.6 milliequivalents (meq) O2/kg oil, respectively, below the tolerable limit. Nevertheless, basil extract's antioxidant property was declined during prolonged storage, in particular, at elevated temperature. The use of organic extracts of locally available sweet basil herb is capable of mitigating oxidation and substituting inorganic antioxidant for a healthier diet.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Peninah N. Ngoda
- Department of Dairy, Food Science and TechnologyEgerton UniversityNakuruKenya
| | | | - Symon M. Mahungu
- Department of Dairy, Food Science and TechnologyEgerton UniversityNakuruKenya
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Zayed A, Sobeh M, Farag MA. Dissecting dietary and semisynthetic volatile phenylpropenes: A compile of their distribution, food properties, health effects, metabolism and toxicities. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:11105-11124. [PMID: 35708064 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2087175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Phenylpropenes represent a major subclass of plant volatiles, including eugenol, and (E)-anethole. They contribute to the flavor and aroma of many chief herbs and spices, to exert distinct notes in food, i.e., spicy anise- and clove-like to fruit. Asides from their culinary use, they appear to exert general health effects, whereas some effects are specific, e.g., eugenol being a natural local anesthetic. This review represents the most comprehensive overview of phenylpropenes with respect to their chemical structures, different health effects, and their food applications as flavor and food preservatives. Side effects and toxicities of these compounds represent the second main part of this review, as some were reported for certain metabolites generated inside the body. Several metabolic reactions mediating for phenylpropenes metabolism in rodents via cytochrome P450 (CYP450) and sulfotransferase (SULT) enzymes are presented being involved in their toxicities. Such effects can be lessened by influencing their pharmacokinetics through a matrix-derived combination effect via administration of herbal extracts containing SULT inhibitors, i.e., nevadensin in sweet basil. Moreover, structural modification of phenylpropanes appears to improve their effects and broaden their applications. Hence, such review capitalizing on phenylpropenes can help optimize their applications in nutraceuticals, cosmeceuticals, and food applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Zayed
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering, Technical University of Kaiserslautern, Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Mansour Sobeh
- AgroBioSciences, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Ben-Guerir, Morocco
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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Birenboim M, Chalupowicz D, Maurer D, Barel S, Chen Y, Falik E, Kengisbuch D, Shimshoni JA. Optimization of sweet basil harvest time and cultivar characterization using near-infrared spectroscopy, liquid and gas chromatography, and chemometric statistical methods. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:3325-3335. [PMID: 34820846 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Terpene, eugenol and polyphenolic contents of basil are major determinants of quality, which is affected by genetics, weather, growing practices, pests and diseases. Here, we aimed to develop a simple predictive analytical method for determining the polyphenol, eugenol and terpene content of the leaves of major Israeli sweet basil cultivars grown hydroponically, as a function of harvest time, through the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, liquid/gas chromatography, and chemometric methods. We also wanted to identify the harvest time associated with the highest terpene, eugenol and polyphenol content. RESULTS Six different cultivars and four different harvest times were analyzed. Partial least square regression (PLS-R) analysis yielded an accurate, predictive model that explained more than 93% of the population variance for all of the analyzed compounds. The model yielded good/excellent prediction (R2 > 0.90, R2 cv and R2 pre > 0.80) and very good residual predictive deviation (RPD > 2) for all of the analyzed compounds. Concentrations of rosmarinic acid, eugenol and terpenes increased steadily over the first 3 weeks, peaking in the fourth week in most of the cultivars. Our PLS-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) model provided accurate harvest classification and prediction as compared to cultivar classification. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of harvest classification were larger than 0.82 for all harvest time points, whereas the cultivar classification, resulted in sensitivity values lower than 0.8 in three cultivars. CONCLUSION The PLS-R model provided good predictions of rosmarinic acid, eugenol and terpene content. Our NIR coupled with a PLS-DA demonstrated reasonable solution for harvest and cultivar classification. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matan Birenboim
- Department of Food Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Plant Science, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Daniel Chalupowicz
- Department of Food Quality, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Dalia Maurer
- Department of Food Quality, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Shimon Barel
- Kimron Veterinary Institute, Department of Toxicology, Bet Dagan, Israel
| | - Yaira Chen
- Department of Food Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Plant Science, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Elazar Falik
- Department of Food Quality, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - David Kengisbuch
- Department of Food Quality, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
| | - Jakob A Shimshoni
- Department of Food Safety, Institute for Postharvest and Food Sciences, Agricultural Research Organization, Volcani Center, Rishon LeZion, Israel
- Department of Plant Science, The Robert H Smith Faculty of Agriculture, Food and Environment, Rehovot, Israel
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Larvicidal Activity and Phytochemical Profiling of Sweet Basil (Ocimum basilicum L.) Leaf Extract against Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus). HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8050443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Applying larvicides to interrupt a mosquito’s life cycle is an important strategy for vector control. This study was conducted to evaluate the larvicidal properties of the hexane extract of sweet basil (Ocimum basilicum L.; family Lamiaceae) leaves against the wild strain of Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Skuse). Third instar larvae (20 larvae/replicate, n = 3) were exposed to different concentrations of the extract (6.25–200 µg/mL), and the mortality rate was recorded. Probit analysis showed that the median lethal concentration and 95% lethal concentration of the extract were 16.0 (10.9–22.1) and 53.0 (34.6–136.8) µg/mL, respectively, after 24 h exposure. Only the fractions F3, F4, and F5 from the column chromatography displayed high mortality rates of 91.7–100% at 25.0 µg/mL after 24 h exposure. Subsequent column chromatography from the pooled fraction yielded two active subfractions, H-F345-S2 and H-F345-S3, with mortality rates of 100% and 98.3 ± 2.9%, respectively, at 12.5 µg/mL. Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis unveiled that methyl chavicol, 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, cedrelanol, methyl eugenol, 2,4,di-tert-butylphenol, and phytol were the major components in both subfractions with some of them being reported as larvicidal compounds. The results suggest that sweet basil has substantial larvicidal activity against Ae. albopictus mosquito and is a potential source of naturally derived larvicide.
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R C, R S, Mohideen K, Nandagopal P, Jayamani L, Jeyakumaran S. Anti-candidal Effect of Ocimum sanctum: A Systematic Review on Microbial Studies. Cureus 2022; 14:e24749. [PMID: 35677004 PMCID: PMC9166562 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.24749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most prevalent candidal species in humans. It is the causative agent and is most commonly associated with more than 90% of serious systemic fungal infections. Even though there are numerous anti-fungal agents, new strains of pathogens develop resistance against these agents. In order to prevent resistance, plant-based drugs can be considered as an alternative therapy. Recent studies show that few herbs consist of active ingredients acting against specific pathogens. The aim of the present study is to understand the anti-candidal effect of Ocimum sanctum (Tulsi) based on in-vitro microbial studies. This systematic review followed Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Statement Criteria (PRISMA). Articles were collected from the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane till 2021. Anti-microbial studies on O. sanctum and its action against candidal species were included. We excluded clinical trials, reviews, abstract articles, and interventional studies. The selected antimicrobial studies used various phytochemical constituents of Tulsi extract, and the anticandidal properties were measured through the zone of inhibition (ZOI). All studies demonstrated the effective anticandidal property of O. sanctum, suggesting its possible use as an effective and affordable "adjunct" along with standard care for systemic and topical candidal infections. The main components of O. sanctum responsible for anticandidal activity were likely to be eugenol and linalool. However, the mechanism of action of these constituents is unclear. Further research assessing the toxicity, durability, and other assessments followed by clinical trials is necessary to explore the potential of Tulsi in combating oral conditions.
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Torres-Martínez R, Moreno-León A, García-Rodríguez YM, Hernández-Delgado T, Delgado-Lamas G, Espinosa-García FJ. The Tagetes lucida Cav. essential oil and the mixture of its main compounds are antibacterial and modulate antibiotic resistance in multi-resistant pathogenic bacteria. Lett Appl Microbiol 2022; 75:210-223. [PMID: 35419861 DOI: 10.1111/lam.13721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated an essential oil (EO) of Tagetes lucida Cav. and the mixture of its main compounds against multi-drug resistant bacteria. We found that EO and the partially reconstituted blend of its main components have antibacterial activity and inhibit antibiotic resistance (ampicillin, chloramphenicol, nalidixic acid, vancomycin, and imipenem) in strains of Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa HIM-MR01. The T. lucida EO alone or added to the antibiotics showed antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The EO main bioactive compounds were methyl eugenol (46.15%), estragole (32.93%), linalool (2.48%), and geraniol (0.33%). The mixture (PREO) of those compounds at those proportions inhibited the growth of P. aeruginosa in 45% at 683.62 µg mL-1 and that of S. aureus in 51.7% at 39.04 µg mL-1 . The PREO had higher antibacterial and modulatory activities than the original EO. In conclusion, we overcame the unpredictability of EO activity (due to their natural variability) by determining which EO components inhibited bacteria and then producing a PREO to generate a reproducible mixture with predictable antibacterial and modulation of resistance activities. Thus, the PREO, and its components, show potential as alternatives to manage multidrug-resistant pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Torres-Martínez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Agustín Moreno-León
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Yolanda Magdalena García-Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
| | - Tzasná Hernández-Delgado
- Laboratorio de Bioactividad de Productos Naturales, UBIPRO, FES-Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Av. de los Barrios No. 1, Tlalnepantla, 54090, Estado de México, México
| | - Guillermo Delgado-Lamas
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Francisco Javier Espinosa-García
- Laboratorio de Ecología Química y Agroecología, Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ex Hacienda de San José de la Huerta 58190, Morelia, Michoacán, México
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29
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Volatile Organic Compounds from Basil Essential Oils: Plant Taxonomy, Biological Activities, and Their Applications in Tropical Fruit Productions. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8020144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Basils of the genus Ocimum are aromatic plants grown widely throughout the tropical and temperate regions. The essential oils obtained from their aerial parts are enriched with volatile organic compounds with high market demand for food and pharmaceutical industries. The volatile organic compounds have been shown to exhibit biological activities. Therefore, their novel applications have been extensively explored in the last few decades. The most widely available basils in the tropical areas include white holy basil (O. sanctum var. Shyama), red holy basil (O. sanctum var. Rama), Thai basil (O. basilicum var. thyrsiflorum), lemon basil (O. citriodorum), and tree basil (O. gratissimum). Over 60 volatiles of different classes have been exclusively described, and some of them could be useful as biomarkers for genotype specification. The major volatile ingredient is the phenylpropanoids, such as methyl eugenol, which has the potential as a natural product for mitigating Oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) during tropical fruit production. Moreover, basil essential oils are also used to control diseases of the fruits during post-harvest storage. As a result, the application of basil essential oils as a sustainable defect control strategy for tropical fruit value chains seems intriguing. This review provides comprehensive information on plant taxonomy and volatile compositions of the essential oil fractions from different basil species. Their biological activities and applications are also discussed, mainly during the pre- and post-production of tropical fruits. Additionally, the available techniques to enhance the efficacy of the volatile active compounds are also described.
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30
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Essential oils content, composition and antioxidant activity of lemon balm, mint and sweet basil from Serbia. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.112210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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31
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Głuchowski A, Czarniecka-Skubina E, Tambor K, Jariené E. Fresh Basil Infusion: Effect of Sous-Vide Heat Treatment on Their Volatile Composition Profile, Sensory Profile, and Color. Molecules 2021; 27:5. [PMID: 35011238 PMCID: PMC8746197 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Herbs, including basil, are used to enhance the flavor of food products around the world. Its potential is influenced by the quality of fresh herbs and processing practices, wherein conditions of heat treatment play an important role. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of sous-vide heat treatment on the volatile compounds profile, sensory quality, and color of basil infusions. The material used for research was aqueous basil infusion prepared conventionally at 100 °C, and using the sous-vide method (65, 75, and 85 °C). The composition of volatile compounds was identified by GC/MS analysis, the sensory profile was assessed using a group of trained panelists, while the color was instrumentally assessed in the CIE Lab system. No significant differences were found in the intensity of the taste and aroma of basil infusions at different temperatures. Seventy headspace volatile compounds were identified in the analyzed samples, ten of which exceeded 2% of relative area percentage. The most abundant compounds were eucalyptol (27.1%), trans-ocimene (11.0%), β-linalool (9.2%), and β-myrcene (6.7%). Most of the identified compounds belonged to the terpenes and alcohols groups. Our findings show that the conventional herbal infusion was more like a sous-vide infusion prepared at the lowest temperature SV65, while SV75 and SV85 were similar to each other but different from the conventional. However, a smaller number of volatile compounds in the samples heated at higher temperatures of sous-vide were identified. The sous-vide samples showed a higher content of alkanes. The sous-vide method (p ≤ 0.05) resulted in darker, less green, and less yellow basil leaves than fresh and traditionally steeped ones. Long heat treatment under vacuum at higher temperatures causes a pronounced change in the aroma composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artur Głuchowski
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 02-778 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (K.T.)
| | - Ewa Czarniecka-Skubina
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 02-778 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (K.T.)
| | - Krzysztof Tambor
- Department of Food Gastronomy and Food Hygiene, Institute of Human Nutrition Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (WULS), 02-778 Warsaw, Poland; (A.G.); (K.T.)
| | - Elvyra Jariené
- Institute of Agricultural and Food Sciences, Agriculture Academy, Vytautas Mangus University, LT-53361 Kaunas, Lithuania;
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Abstract
Current strategies of combating bacterial infections are limited and involve the use of antibiotics and preservatives. Each of these agents has generally inadequate efficacy and a number of serious adverse effects. Thus, there is an urgent need for new antimicrobial drugs and food preservatives with higher efficacy and lower toxicity. Edible plants have been used in medicine since ancient times and are well known for their successful antimicrobial activity. Often photosensitizers are present in many edible plants; they could be a promising source for a new generation of drugs and food preservatives. The use of photodynamic therapy allows enhancement of antimicrobial properties in plant photosensitizers. The purpose of this review is to present the verified data on the antimicrobial activities of photodynamic phytochemicals in edible species of the world’s flora, including the various mechanisms of their actions.
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Giri RK, Chaki S, Khimani AJ, Vaidya YH, Thakor P, Thakkar AB, Pandya SJ, Deshpande MP. Biocompatible CuInS 2 Nanoparticles as Potential Antimicrobial, Antioxidant, and Cytotoxic Agents. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:26533-26544. [PMID: 34661008 PMCID: PMC8515567 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c03795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A simple hydrothermal route is employed to synthesize pure copper indium disulfide (CIS) and CIS nanoparticles (NPs) mediated by various natural plant extracts. The plant extracts used to mediate are Azadirachta indica (neem), Ocimum sanctum (basil), Cocos nucifera (coconut), Aloe vera (aloe), and Curcuma longa (turmeric). The tetragonal unit cell structure of as-synthesized NPs is confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The analysis by energy-dispersive X-rays shows that all the samples are near-stoichiometric. The morphologies of the NPs are confirmed by high-resolution scanning and transmission modes of electron microscopy. The thermal stability of the synthesized NPs is determined by thermogravimetric analysis. The optical energy band gap is determined from the absorption spectra using Tauc's equation. The antimicrobial activity analysis and the estimation of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) value of the samples are performed for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Enterobacter aerogenes, and Staphylococcus aureus pathogens. It shows that the aloe-mediated CIS NPs possess a broad inhibitory spectrum. The best inhibitory effect is observed against S. aureus, whereas the least effect was exhibited against P. vulgaris. The least MIC value is found for aloe-mediated CIS NPs (0.300 mg/mL) against S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, and E. aerogenes, along with basil-mediated NPs against E. coli. The antioxidant activity study showed that the IC50 value to inhibit the scavenging activity is maximum for the control (vitamin C) and minimum for pure CIS NPs. The in vivo cytotoxicity study using brine shrimp eggs shows that the pure CIS NPs are more lethal to brine shrimp than the natural extract-mediated CIS NPs. The in vitro cytotoxicity study using the human lung carcinoma cell line (A549) shows that the IC50 value of turmeric extract-mediated CIS NPs is minimum (15.62 ± 1.58 μg/mL). This observation reveals that turmeric extract-mediated CIS NPs are the most potent in terms of cytotoxicity toward the A549 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranjan Kr. Giri
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Sunil Chaki
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
- Department
of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, CISST, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Ankurkumar J. Khimani
- Department
of Physics, Shri A. N. Patel P. G. Institute
of Science and Research, Anand, 388001 Gujarat, India
| | - Yati H. Vaidya
- Department
of Microbiology, Shri A. N. Patel P. G.
Institute of Science and Research, Anand, 388001 Gujarat, India
| | - Parth Thakor
- P.
G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel
University, Satellite
Campus, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388315 Gujarat, India
| | - Anjali B. Thakkar
- Department
of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, CISST, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh
Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
- P.
G. Department of Biosciences, Sardar Patel
University, Satellite
Campus, Bakrol-Vadtal Road, Bakrol, 388315 Gujarat, India
| | - Swati J. Pandya
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
| | - Milind P. Deshpande
- P.
G. Department of Physics, Sardar Patel University, Vallabh Vidyanagar, 388120 Gujarat, India
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The Effect of Antagonist Abiotic Stress on Bioactive Compounds from Basil (Ocimum basilicum). APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11199282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Drought and flooding are some of the most common stressful conditions for plants. Due to the recent climate changes, they can occur one after another. This study is focused on the effect of antagonistic abiotic stress such as drought and flooding on the different metabolites from Ocimum basilicum leaves. Six-week-old plants of Ocimum basilicum were exposed to drought or flooding stress for 15 days, followed by antagonist stress for 14 days. The assimilation rates decrease drastically for plants under consecutive stresses from 18.9 to 0.25 µmol m−2 s−1 starting at day 3 of treatment. The stomatal conductance to water vapor gs was also reduced from 86 to 29 mmol m−2 s−1. The emission of green leaf volatiles compounds increases from 0.14 to 2.48 nmol m−2 s−1, and the emission of monoterpenes increased from 2.00 to 7.37 nmol m−2 s−1. The photosynthetic pigment concentration (chlorophyll a and b, and β-carotene), the flavonoid content, and total phenolic content decrease for all stressed plants. The results obtained in this study could indicate that the water status (drought and/or flooding) directly impacts basil plants’ physiological parameters and secondary metabolites.
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Chemometrics data analysis and controversial carcinogenic effect of Ocimum basilicum L. rich in methyl eugenol. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-021-01072-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Extraction Processes Affect the Composition and Bioavailability of Flavones from Lamiaceae Plants: A Comprehensive Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamiaceae plants are a widespread family of herbaceous plants with around 245 plant genera and nearly 22,576 species distributed in the world. Some of the most representative and widely studied Lamiaceae plants belong to the Ocimum, Origanum, Salvia, and Thymus genera. These plants are a rich source of bioactive molecules such as terpenes, flavonoids, and phenolic acids. In this sense, there is a subgroup of flavonoids classified as flavones. Flavones have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-diabetic potential; thus, efficient extraction techniques from their original plant matrixes have been developed. Currently, conventional extraction methods involving organic solvents are no longer recommended due to their environmental consequences, and new environmentally friendly techniques have been developed. Moreover, once extracted, the bioactivity of flavones is highly linked to their bioavailability, which is often neglected. This review aims to comprehensively gather recent information (2011–2021) regarding extraction techniques and their important relationship with the bioavailability of flavones from Lamiaceae plants including Salvia, Ocimum, Thymus, and Origanum.
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37
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Basil Essential Oil: Methods of Extraction, Chemical Composition, Biological Activities, and Food Applications. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-021-02690-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tangpao T, Krutmuang P, Kumpoun W, Jantrawut P, Pusadee T, Cheewangkoon R, Sommano SR, Chuttong B. Encapsulation of Basil Essential Oil by Paste Method and Combined Application with Mechanical Trap for Oriental Fruit Fly Control. INSECTS 2021; 12:insects12070633. [PMID: 34357294 PMCID: PMC8303667 DOI: 10.3390/insects12070633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary Essential oils of the Ocimum spp. comprised of the volatile phenylpropanoids known for the Oriental fruit fly attractant property. However, fully exposing the essential oils in the field limited their ability. Therefore, we proposed a cheap yet effective paste encapsulation technique combined with a plastic trap for controlling tropical fruit fly in tropical fruit orchard. Abstract In this work, the chemical compositions of basils oils, including those of lemon basil, white holy basil, Thai basil, tree basil and red holy basil, were analysed. Methyl eugenol was detected in all types of basils. The essential oils of red and white holy basils possessed a comparable ability (~25%) to attract male Oriental fruit fly to the synthesised fruit fly attractant in the laboratory experiment. To control the release of the active ingredients, the white holly basil oil (WBO) was encapsulated with maltodextrin (MD) and gum arabic (GA) by paste method. The essential oil is retained in the wall complex much longer with the addition of MD. The results also revealed that the combination of the MD:GA (25:75) had the highest loading efficiency of the oil (9.40%) as observed by the numerous porous structures by scanning electron microscopy. Fourier-transform infrared spectra of the encapsulated polymer confirmed traces of essential oil functional groups. The field test study advised that WBO-encapsulated products improved fruit fly attractive efficiency by maintaining the release rate of basil essential oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibet Tangpao
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Patcharin Krutmuang
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Wilawan Kumpoun
- Science and Technology Research Institute, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Pensak Jantrawut
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
| | - Tonapha Pusadee
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
| | - Sarana Rose Sommano
- Plant Bioactive Compound Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;
- Correspondence: (S.R.S.); (B.C.)
| | - Bajaree Chuttong
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand; (P.K.); (R.C.)
- Innovative Agriculture Research Center, Faculty of Agriculture, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand
- Correspondence: (S.R.S.); (B.C.)
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El-Nekeety AA, Hassan ME, Hassan RR, Elshafey OI, Hamza ZK, Abdel-Aziem SH, Hassan NS, Abdel-Wahhab MA. Nanoencapsulation of basil essential oil alleviates the oxidative stress, genotoxicity and DNA damage in rats exposed to biosynthesized iron nanoparticles. Heliyon 2021; 7:e07537. [PMID: 34345731 PMCID: PMC8319530 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e07537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of essential oils in food and pharmaceutical sectors face several challenges due to their sensitivity to oxidation process. Additionally, the biosynthesis of nanometals is growing rapidly; however, the toxicity of these particles against living organisms did not well explore yet. This study aimed to determine the bioactive compounds in basil essential oil (BEO) using GC-MS, to encapsulate and characterize BEO and to evaluate its protective role against the oxidative stress and genotoxicity of biosynthesized iron nanoparticles (Fe-NPs) in rats. Six groups of male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated orally for 4 weeks included the control group, Fe-NPs-treated group (100 mg/kg b.w.); EBEO-treated groups at low (100 mg/kg b.w.) or high (200 mg/kg b.w.) dose and the groups treated with Fe-NPs plus the low or the high dose of EBEO. The GC-MS analysis revealed the identification of 48 compounds and linalool was the major compound. The average sizes and zeta potential of the synthesized Fe-NPs and EBEO were 60 ± 4.76 and 120 ± 3.2 nm and 42.42 mV and -6.4 mV, respectively. Animals treated with Fe-NPs showed significant increase in serum biochemical analysis, oxidative stress markers, cytokines, lipid profile, DNA fragmentation and antioxidant enzymes and their gene expression and severe changes in the histology of liver and kidney tissues. Administration of Fe-NPs plus EBEO alleviated these disturbances and the high dose could normalize most of the tested parameters and improved the histology of liver and kidney. It could be concluded that caution should be taken in using the biosynthesized metal nanoparticles in different application. EBEO is a potent candidate to protect against the hazards of metal nanoparticles and can be applied in food and medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziza A. El-Nekeety
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Marwa E. Hassan
- Toxicology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rasha R. Hassan
- Immunology Dept., Research Institute of Medical Entomology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ola I. Elshafey
- Physical Chemistry Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Zeinab K. Hamza
- Food Toxicology & Contaminants Dept., National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
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Variation in Chemical Composition and Effective Antibacterial Potential of Ocimum basilicum L. Essential Oil Harvested from Different Regions of Saudi Arabia. Pharm Chem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-021-02384-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Sahakyan N, Andreoletti P, Cherkaoui-Malki M, Petrosyan M, Trchounian A. Artemisia dracunculus L. essential oil phytochemical components trigger the activity of cellular antioxidant enzymes. J Food Biochem 2021; 45:e13691. [PMID: 33694172 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of dietary biologically active phytochemicals is of interest due to the availability, low cost, and low rate of side effects of these substances. The main objective of this work was to investigate the influence of the essential oil (EO) extracted from the aerial parts of Artemisia dracunculus on the antioxidant capacity of cells as this plant is one of the most available and widely used as spice and in folk medicine. For this, BV-2 microglial wild type (WT) and acyl-CoA oxidase type 1 (ACOX1) deficient cells (Acox1-/- ) were used. Acox1-/- cells were applied as the model of cellular oxidative damage. The main component of EO of A. dracunculus was estragole, which was reaching 84.9% in plants cultivated at high altitude Armenian landscape. IC50 value of EO in 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl assay was 94.2 µg/ml. Sub-cytotoxic concentration in the 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide test for both BV-2 WT and Acox1-/- cell lines was 5.10-1 µg/ml. Seventy-two-hours treatment with EO leads to the increased viability (up to 12% in WT and up to 14% -in BV-2 Acox1-/- cells). The 48-hr treatment increased the ACOX1 activity up to 70% in WT cells. Catalase and superoxide dismutase activities of both cell lines increased following the 24-48-hr treatment. These results indicate that A. dracunculus EO can be considered as a potential protective agent useful in preventive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naira Sahakyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia.,Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Pierre Andreoletti
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique, EA 7270, Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Vie, Terre et Environnement, Dijon, France.,Laboratoire BioPeroxIL, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Mustapha Cherkaoui-Malki
- Laboratoire Bio-PeroxIL, Biochimie du Peroxysome, Inflammation et Métabolisme Lipidique, EA 7270, Unité de Formation et de Recherche des Sciences Vie, Terre et Environnement, Dijon, France.,Laboratoire BioPeroxIL, Université Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France
| | - Margarit Petrosyan
- Department of Biochemistry, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Armen Trchounian
- Department of Biochemistry, Biology Faculty, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia.,Research Institute of Biology, Yerevan State University, Yerevan, Armenia
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Safriani N, Rungkat FZ, Yuliana ND, Prangdimurti E. Immunomodulatory and Antioxidant Activities of Select Indonesian Vegetables, Herbs, and Spices on Human Lymphocytes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:6340476. [PMID: 33748265 PMCID: PMC7960050 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6340476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Edible plants have attracted increasing attention as functional foods as they are rich in bioactive compounds with health benefits, including antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities. However, scientific evidence of these health effects is limited. This study is aimed at determining antioxidant and immunomodulatory activities of 25 select vegetables, herbs, and spices commonly consumed in Indonesia. Phytochemical profiles were determined by measuring total flavonoid content and 1H-NMR. Human blood lymphocyte cells were used to probe the immunomodulatory potency and treated with the methanol extract of these vegetables, herbs, and spices. The results showed the enhanced propensity for all tested plant extracts to stimulate lymphocyte proliferation, except Pandanus amaryllifolius. Etlingera elatior, Ocimum xcitriodorum, Kaempferia galanga, and Apium graveolens had the highest lymphocyte cell proliferation stimulation index (SI) at concentrations of 41.67, 16.67, 4.17, and 2.5 mg/mL culture, respectively (SI 2.21 ± 0.05, 2.62 ± 0.12, 3 ± 0.05, and 2.64 ± 0.07, respectively). The NMR spectra of these four most potent plants showed low peaks in the aromatic/phenolic area and several other peaks indicating the presence of terpenoid, steroid, amino acid, and sugar compounds. The results demonstrate the immunomodulatory potential of all vegetables, herbs, and spices, except P. amaryllifolius, although this potential did not necessarily correlate with flavonoid content and antioxidant activity. Nevertheless, this research showed promising health effect, particularly immunomodulation, of the various local plants. Further elaboration on the specific immunomodulatory activity will be interesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Novi Safriani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Indonesia
- Department of Agricultural Product Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Indonesia
| | - Fransiska Zakaria Rungkat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Indonesia
| | - Nancy Dewi Yuliana
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Indonesia
| | - Endang Prangdimurti
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agricultural Technology, IPB University (Bogor Agricultural University), Indonesia
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Abd Rashed A, Abd Rahman AZ, Rathi DNG. Essential Oils as a Potential Neuroprotective Remedy for Age-Related Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Review. Molecules 2021; 26:1107. [PMID: 33669787 PMCID: PMC7922935 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26041107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the improvements in life expectancy, neurodegenerative conditions have arguably become the most dreaded maladies of older people. The neuroprotective and anti-ageing potentials of essential oils (EOs) are widely evaluated around the globe. The objective of this review is to analyse the effectiveness of EOs as neuroprotective remedies among the four common age-related neurodegenerative diseases. The literature was extracted from three databases (PubMed, Web of Science and Google Scholar) between the years of 2010 to 2020 using the medical subject heading (MeSH) terms "essential oil", crossed with "Alzheimer's disease (AD)", "Huntington's disease (HD)", "Parkinson's disease (PD)" or "amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)". Eighty three percent (83%) of the studies were focused on AD, while another 12% focused on PD. No classifiable study was recorded on HD or ALS. EO from Salvia officinalis has been recorded as one of the most effective acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibitors. However, only Cinnamomum sp. has been assessed for its effectiveness in both AD and PD. Our review provided useful evidence on EOs as potential neuroprotective remedies for age-related neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswir Abd Rashed
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Ahmad Zuhairi Abd Rahman
- Cancer Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
| | - Devi Nair Gunasegavan Rathi
- Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute for Medical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, No.1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Malaysia;
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Dehsheikh AB, Sourestani MM, Dehsheikh PB, Mottaghipisheh J, Vitalini S, Iriti M. Monoterpenes: Essential Oil Components with Valuable Features. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 20:958-974. [PMID: 31969098 DOI: 10.2174/1389557520666200122144703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants have a wide range of secondary metabolites including monoterpene. These volatile compounds are the main components of essential oils, belonging to the isoprenoid group and possessing valuable features for plants and humans. This review provides comprehensive information on chemical structures and classification of monoterpenes. It describes their biosynthesis pathways and introduces plant families and species rich in noteworthy monoterpenes. Bio-activities, pharmacological and pesticide effects as well as their mechanism of action are reported. Applications of these compounds in various industries are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anahita Boveiri Dehsheikh
- Horticultural Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Paria Boveiri Dehsheikh
- Horticultural Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Javad Mottaghipisheh
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Sara Vitalini
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcello Iriti
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Milan State University, Milan, Italy
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Barata LM, Andrade EH, Ramos AR, de Lemos OF, Setzer WN, Byler KG, Maia JGS, da Silva JKR. Secondary Metabolic Profile as a Tool for Distinction and Characterization of Cultivars of Black Pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) Cultivated in Pará State, Brazil. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020890. [PMID: 33477389 PMCID: PMC7830865 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the chemical compositions of the leaves and fruits of eight black pepper cultivars cultivated in Pará State (Amazon, Brazil). Hydrodistillation and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were employed to extract and analyze the volatile compounds, respectively. Sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were predominant (58.5-90.9%) in the cultivars "Cingapura", "Equador", "Guajarina", "Iaçará", and "Kottanadan", and "Bragantina", "Clonada", and "Uthirankota" displayed oxygenated sesquiterpenoids (50.6-75.0%). The multivariate statistical analysis applied using volatile composition grouped the samples into four groups: γ-Elemene, curzerene, and δ-elemene ("Equador"/"Guajarina", I); δ-elemene ("Iaçará"/"Kottanadan"/"Cingapura", II); elemol ("Clonada"/"Uthirankota", III) and α-muurolol, bicyclogermacrene, and cubebol ("Bragantina", IV). The major compounds in all fruit samples were monoterpene hydrocarbons such as α-pinene, β-pinene, and limonene. Among the cultivar leaves, phenolics content (44.75-140.53 mg GAE·g-1 FW), the enzymatic activity of phenylalanine-ammonia lyase (20.19-57.22 µU·mL-1), and carotenoids (0.21-2.31 µg·mL-1) displayed significant variations. Due to black pepper's susceptibility to Fusarium infection, a molecular docking analysis was carried out on Fusarium protein targets using each cultivar's volatile components. F. oxysporum endoglucanase was identified as the preferential protein target of the compounds. These results can be used to identify chemical markers related to the susceptibility degree of black pepper cultivars to plant diseases prevalent in Pará State.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luccas M. Barata
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil;
| | - Eloísa H. Andrade
- Coordenação de Botânica, Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Belém, PA 66077-830, Brazil;
| | - Alessandra R. Ramos
- Instituto de Estudos em Saúde e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Sul e Sudeste do Pará, Marabá, PA 68507-590, Brazil;
| | - Oriel F. de Lemos
- Centro de Pesquisa Agroflorestal da Amazônia Oriental, Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuária (EMBRAPA), Belém, PA 66095-100, Brazil;
| | - William N. Setzer
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA
- Correspondence: (W.N.S.); (J.K.R.d.S.); Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.); +55-91-3201-7297 (J.K.R.d.S.)
| | - Kendall G. Byler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
| | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, MA 65080-805, Brazil;
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém, PA 66075-110, Brazil;
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 100, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
- Correspondence: (W.N.S.); (J.K.R.d.S.); Tel.: +1-256-824-6519 (W.N.S.); +55-91-3201-7297 (J.K.R.d.S.)
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Ginovyan M, Sahakyan N, Aghajanyan A, Trchounian A. Antioxidant potential, biochemical activity and hypoglycemic effects of R. obtusifolius L. seed extracts used in Armenian traditional medicine. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20213005001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of plants in Armenia is due to the singularity of natural environment. However, biochemical activity of these plants has not been studied well. The goal was to investigate biological activities as well as antihyperglycemic properties of Rumex obtusifolius L. in rabbits with hyperglycemia. According to obtained data, R. obtusifolius extracts possessed high antioxidant activity in chemical-based tests. GS/MS analysis of its methanol extracts allowed identification of several compounds, which could have high contribution on biological activities. The sub-cytotoxic concentration of investigated extract was 10 mgmL-1on Murine microglial BV-2 WT cell lines. Oral administration of ethanol extract showed significant effect on hyperglycemia, reducing fasting glucose levels (57.3%, p<0.05) and improving glucose tolerance. These findings suggest that R. obtusifolius extracts could be source of new biologically active compounds and recommended for treatment of diabetes mellitus.
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Bai L, Wang W, Hua J, Guo Z, Luo S. Defensive functions of volatile organic compounds and essential oils from northern white-cedar in China. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:500. [PMID: 33143644 PMCID: PMC7607654 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02716-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are known to emit diverse volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may function as signaling substances in plant communication with other organisms. Thuja occidentalis, which is widely cultivated throughout China, releases aromatic VOCs into the air in winter and early spring. The relationship of this cultivated plant with its neighboring plants is necessary for the conservation of biodiversity. RESULTS (-)-α-thujone (60.34 ± 5.58%) was found to be the major component in VOCs from the Shenyang population. The essential oils (EOs) from the Kunming and Shenyang populations included the major components (-)-α-thujone, fenchone, (+)-β-thujone, and (+)-hibaene, identified using GC-MS analyses. (-)-α-thujone and (+)-hibaene were purified and identified by NMR identification. EOs and (-)-α-thujone exhibited valuable phytotoxic activities against seed germination and seedling growth of the plants Taraxacum mongolicum and Arabidopsis thaliana. Moreover, the EOs displayed potent inhibitory activity against pathogenic fungi of maize, including Fusarium graminearum, Curvularia lunata, and Bipolaris maydis, as well as one human fungal pathogen, Candida albicans. Quantitative analyses revealed high concentrations of (-)-α-thujone in the leaves of T. occidentalis individuals from both the Shenyang and Kunming populations. However, (-)-α-thujone (0.18 ± 0.17 μg/g) was only detected in the rhizosphere soil to a distance of 0.5 m from the plant. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, our results suggest that the phytotoxic effects and antifungal activities of the EOs and (-)-α-thujone in T. occidentalis certainly increased the adaptability of this plant to the environment. Nevertheless, low concentrations of released (-)-α-thujone indicated that reasonable distance of T. occidentalis with other plant species will impair the effects of allelochemical of T. occidentalis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Bai
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Wenjia Wang
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Juan Hua
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zhifu Guo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Shihong Luo
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China.
- Key Laboratory of Biological Invasions and Global Changes, Shenyang, 110866, Liaoning Province, China.
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Bioactive Compounds and Aroma Profile of Some Lamiaceae Edible Flowers. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9060691. [PMID: 32481758 PMCID: PMC7356345 DOI: 10.3390/plants9060691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Edible flowers are consumed for their appearance, colours, nutritional and healthy properties, but the use is limited by the actual number of the species. Seven edible flowers of the Lamiaceae family (Ocimeae and Mentheae tribes) were investigated: Monarda didyma ‘Fireball’, Nepeta × faassenii ‘Six Hills Giant’, Ocimum basilicum ‘Blue Spice’, O. basilicum ‘Cinnamon’, Ocimum × citriodorum, Salvia discolor, and Salvia microphylla ‘Hot Lips’. Total soluble sugars, proteins, polyphenols, carotenoids, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity were detected. The species of the Mentheae tribe contained higher sugar content than Ocimeae flowers, the opposite with regard to protein content. Ocimeae tribe flowers showed high polyphenols and carotenoids content. The Ocimeae tribe together with two specie of the Mentheae tribe showed an aroma profile dominated by sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (58.0% in S. discolor to 77.9% in Ocimum × citriodorum). Oxygenated monoterpenes prevailed in Nepeta and Monarda, also present in the essential oil of this latter species (84.5%). By contrast, Nepeta and S. discolor evidenced non-terpenes as the principal class (41.2% and 77.5%, respectively), while the oxygenated sesquiterpene was the main one in S. microphylla. The two varieties of Ocimum spp. showed oxygenated monoterpenes as the main class of volatiles.
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Majdi C, Pereira C, Dias MI, Calhelha RC, Alves MJ, Rhourri-Frih B, Charrouf Z, Barros L, Amaral JS, Ferreira IC. Phytochemical Characterization and Bioactive Properties of Cinnamon Basil ( Ocimum basilicum cv. 'Cinnamon') and Lemon Basil ( Ocimum × citriodorum). Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9050369. [PMID: 32365570 PMCID: PMC7278754 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9050369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to contribute to the knowledge on the chemical composition and bioactive properties of two species of the Ocimum genus, namely O. basilicum cultivar ’Cinammon’ and O. × citriodorum. For this purpose, samples of these plants grown in Portugal were evaluated for their composition in phenolic and volatile compounds, and the infusion and hydroethanolic extracts were assessed for their in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory activities. In total, the two basil samples showed the presence of seven caffeic acid and derivatives (dimers, trimers, and tetramers) and five flavonoids, mainly glycoside derivatives of quercetin. Despite some qualitative and quantitative differences, in both samples rosmarinic acid was the major phenolic compound, and linalool the predominant volatile compound. In general, the tested extracts provided relevant bioactive properties since both basil species showed higher antioxidant activity in Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances (TBARs) and Oxidative Hemolysis Inhibition (OxHLIA) assays when compared with the positive control Trolox. Despite O. × citriodorum extracts showing slightly better activity against some strains, both types of extracts evidenced similar antimicrobial activity, being more active against Gram-positive bacteria. The extracts also revealed interesting cytotoxicity, particularly the O. × citriodorum hydroethanolic extract which was also the only one exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaimae Majdi
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- CBMN-UMR 5248, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Bordeaux, 33016 Bordeaux, France;
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Carla Pereira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Maria Inês Dias
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Ricardo C. Calhelha
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | - Maria José Alves
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
| | | | - Zoubida Charrouf
- Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat 10100, Morocco;
| | - Lillian Barros
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (J.S.A.)
| | - Joana S. Amaral
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade do Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: (L.B.); (J.S.A.)
| | - Isabel C.F.R. Ferreira
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal; (C.M.); (C.P.); (M.I.D.); (R.C.C.); (M.J.A.); (I.C.F.R.F.)
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Evaluation of phenolic bioactive-linked anti-hyperglycemic and Helicobacter pylori inhibitory activities of Asian Basil (Ocimum spp.) varieties. J Herb Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hermed.2019.100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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