1
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Lee HW, Sun J, Lee HJ, Lee JK, Park TY, Heo EY, Rhee CK, Kim DK. Differential response to roflumilast in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: real-world evidence. J Thorac Dis 2024; 16:1338-1349. [PMID: 38505074 PMCID: PMC10944795 DOI: 10.21037/jtd-23-1129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
Background Roflumilast is effective in reducing acute exacerbation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at high risk of severe exacerbation. Clinical traits related to the benefits of roflumilast need to be evaluated in patients with COPD. Methods A longitudinal observational study in patients newly diagnosed with COPD was conducted using claims data from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea from 2012-2020 after a 2-year washout period. The primary outcome was to estimate the ratio of hazard ratio (RHR) of roflumilast for moderate-to-severe exacerbation in prespecified subgroups. A time-dependent Cox regression model was used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) for moderate-to-severe exacerbations. Results Among 823,862 patients with COPD, 0.6% used roflumilast. The adjusted HR of roflumilast for moderate-to-severe exacerbations was reduced when treated for ≥3 months (RHR =0.558). Interaction effects of the variables on the HR of roflumilast for moderate-to-severe exacerbation were identified. The adjusted HR of roflumilast for moderate-to-severe exacerbation was significantly reduced in several subgroups: older age (65 years > age ≥50 years, RHR =0.838; age ≥65 years, RHR =0.818), a higher Charlson comorbidity index (1, RHR =0.832; 2, RHR =0.798; ≥3, RHR =0.790), history of exacerbation (RHR =0.886), bronchiectasis (RHR =0.774), chronic bronchitis (RHR =0.793), inhaled therapy [mono-bronchodilator, RHR =0.824; inhaled corticosteroid (ICS)/long-acting beta-agonist (LABA), RHR =0.591; LABA/long-acting muscarinic antagonist (LAMA), RHR =0.822; ICS/LABA/LAMA, RHR =0.570], methylxanthine (RHR =0.853), and statin (RHR =0.888). Conclusions The benefit of roflumilast in moderate-to-severe exacerbations was estimated to be greater in specific subgroups of patients with COPD. Personalised approaches to roflumilast based on clinical phenotypes would be effective for COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jiyu Sun
- Integrated Biostatistics Branch, Division of Cancer Data Science, National Cancer Center, Goyang-si, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung-Kyu Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Yeon Park
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun Young Heo
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Chin Kook Rhee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Deog Kyeom Kim
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul Metropolitan Government-Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
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2
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Lea S, Higham A, Beech A, Singh D. How inhaled corticosteroids target inflammation in COPD. Eur Respir Rev 2023; 32:230084. [PMID: 37852657 PMCID: PMC10582931 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0084-2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are the most commonly used anti-inflammatory drugs for the treatment of COPD. COPD has been previously described as a "corticosteroid-resistant" condition, but current clinical trial evidence shows that selected COPD patients, namely those with increased exacerbation risk plus higher blood eosinophil count (BEC), can benefit from ICS treatment. This review describes the components of inflammation modulated by ICS in COPD and the reasons for the variation in response to ICS between individuals. There are corticosteroid-insensitive inflammatory pathways in COPD, such as bacteria-induced macrophage interleukin-8 production and resultant neutrophil recruitment, but also corticosteroid-sensitive pathways including the reduction of type 2 markers and mast cell numbers. The review also describes the mechanisms whereby ICS can skew the lung microbiome, with reduced diversity and increased relative abundance, towards an excess of proteobacteria. BEC is a biomarker used to enable the selective use of ICS in COPD, but the clinical outcome in an individual is decided by a complex interacting network involving the microbiome and airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Lea
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Andrew Higham
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Augusta Beech
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Immunology, Immunity to Infection and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
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3
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Zeng Z, Xu S, Wang F, Peng X, Zhang W, Zhan Y, Ding Y, Liu Z, Liang L. HAO1-mediated oxalate metabolism promotes lung pre-metastatic niche formation by inducing neutrophil extracellular traps. Oncogene 2022; 41:3719-3731. [PMID: 35739335 PMCID: PMC9287177 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02248-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming has been shown to be involved in cancer-induced pre-metastatic niche (PMN) formation, but the underlying mechanisms have been insufficiently explored. Here, we showed that hydroxyacid oxidase 1 (HAO1), a rate-limiting enzyme of oxalate synthesis, was upregulated in the alveolar epithelial cells of mice bearing metastatic breast cancer cells at the pre-metastatic stage, leading to oxalate accumulation in lung tissue. Lung oxalate accumulation induced neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation by activating NADPH oxidase, which facilitated the formation of pre-metastatic niche. In addition, lung oxalate accumulation promoted the proliferation of metastatic cancer cells by activating the MAPK signaling pathway. Pharmacologic inhibition of HAO1 could effectively suppress the lung oxalate accumulation induced by primary cancer, consequently dampening lung metastasis of breast cancer. Breast cancer cells induced HAO1 expression and oxalate accumulation in alveolar epithelial cells by activating TLR3-IRF3 signaling. Collectively, these findings underscore the role of HAO1-mediated oxalate metabolism in cancer-induced lung PMN formation and metastasis. HAO1 could be an appealing therapeutic target for preventing lung metastasis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Zeng
- Department of Pathology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), foshan, Guangdong, PR China.,Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Shaowan Xu
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Feifei Wang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xin Peng
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wanning Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yizhi Zhan
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yanqing Ding
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Ziguang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Shunde Hospital, Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde Foshan), foshan, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Liang
- Department of Pathology, Nanfang Hospital and Basic Medical College, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, PR China. .,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Molecular Tumor Pathology, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, PR China.
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4
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Wu M, Liang Y, Zhang X. Changes in Pulmonary Microenvironment Aids Lung Metastasis of Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:860932. [PMID: 35719975 PMCID: PMC9204317 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.860932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer has become the most common malignant disease in the world according to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), and the most critical cause of death is distant metastasis. The lung is the extremely common visceral site for breast cancer metastasis. Lung metastasis of breast cancer is not only dependent on the invasive ability of the tumor itself, but also closely relates to the pulmonary microenvironment. In the progression of breast cancer, the formation of specific microenvironment in lungs can provide suitable conditions for the metastasis of breast cancer. Pulmonary inflammatory response, angiogenesis, extracellular matrix remodeling, some chemotherapeutic agents and so on all play important roles in the formation of the pulmonary microenvironment. This review highlights recent findings regarding the alterations of pulmonary microenvironment in lung metastasis of breast cancer, with a focus on various cells and acellular components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Wu
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China
| | - Yanfang Liang
- Department of Pathology, Dongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of Dongguan, Dongguan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Clinical Experimental Center, Jiangmen Key Laboratory of Clinical Biobanks and Translational Research, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, China.,Dongguan Key Laboratory of Medical Bioactive Molecular Developmental and Translational Research, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Diagnostics, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Antitumor Active Substance Research and Development, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
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5
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Zhang C, Xing Z, Tan M, Wu Y, Zeng W. Roflumilast Ameliorates Isoflurane-Induced Inflammation in Astrocytes via the CREB/BDNF Signaling Pathway. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:4167-4174. [PMID: 33644540 PMCID: PMC7906587 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and purpose: Astrocyte-mediated neuroinflammation plays an important role in anesthetic isoflurane-induced cognitive impairment. Roflumilast, a selective inhibitor of phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE-4) used for the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), has displayed a wide range of anti-inflammatory capacity in different types of cells and tissues. In the current study, we aimed to investigate whether roflumilast possesses a protective effect against isoflurane-induced insults in mouse primary astrocytes. Methods: Primary astrocytes were isolated from the cerebral cortices of immature rats. The production of NO was determined using DAF-FM DA staining assay. QRT-PCR and western blot were used to evaluate the expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, and BDNF in the astrocytes treated with different therapies. The gene expressions and concentrations of IL-6 and MCP-1 released by the astrocytes were detected using qRT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. The expression levels of phosphorylated CREB and PGE2 were determined using western blot and ELISA, respectively. H89 was introduced to evaluate the function of CREB. Recombinant human BDNF and ANA-12 were used to verify the role of BDNF. Results: The upregulated iNOS, excessive production of NO, IL-6, and MCP-1, and activated COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathways in the astrocytes induced by isoflurane were significantly reversed by the introduction of roflumilast, in a dose-dependent manner. Subsequently, we found that BDNF could be upregulated by roflumilast, which was verified to be related to the activation of CREB and blocked by H89 (a CREB inhibitor). In addition, the COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway activated by isoflurane can be inactivated by recombinant human BDNF. Finally, the regulatory effect of roflumilast against the isoflurane-activated COX-2/PGE2 signaling pathway was significantly blocked by ANA-12, which is a BDNF inhibitor. Conclusion: Roflumilast might ameliorate isoflurane-induced inflammation in astrocytes via the CREB/BDNF signaling pathway.
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6
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Sivapalan P, Bikov A, Jensen JU. Using Blood Eosinophil Count as a Biomarker to Guide Corticosteroid Treatment for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:236. [PMID: 33546498 PMCID: PMC7913607 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Treating patients hospitalised with acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) usually involves administering systemic corticosteroids. The many unwanted side effects associated with this treatment have led to increased interest in minimising the accumulated corticosteroid dose necessary to treat exacerbations. Studies have shown that short-term treatment with corticosteroids is preferred, and recent trials have shown that biomarkers can be used to further reduce exposure to corticosteroids. Interestingly, high eosinophil counts in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD are indicative of an eosinophilic phenotype with a distinct response to treatment with corticosteroids. In addition, post-hoc analysis of randomised control trials have shown that higher blood eosinophil counts at the start of the study predict a greater response to inhaled corticosteroids in stable COPD. In this review, we examine the studies on this topic, describe how blood eosinophil cell count may be used as a biomarker to guide treatment with corticosteroids, and identify some relevant challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradeesh Sivapalan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Section, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark;
- Department of Internal Medicine, Zealand University Hospital, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - András Bikov
- Wythenshawe Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester M23 9LT, UK;
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9NT, UK
| | - Jens-Ulrik Jensen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine Section, Herlev-Gentofte Hospital, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark;
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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7
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Delivery of genome-editing biomacromolecules for treatment of lung genetic disorders. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 168:196-216. [PMID: 32416111 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Genome-editing systems based on clustered, regularly interspaced, short palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/associated protein (CRISPR/Cas), are emerging as a revolutionary technology for the treatment of various genetic diseases. To date, the delivery of genome-editing biomacromolecules by viral or non-viral vectors have been proposed as new therapeutic options for lung genetic disorders, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and α-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), and it has been accepted that these delivery vectors can introduce CRISPR/Cas9 machineries into target cells or tissues in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo. However, the efficient local or systemic delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 elements to the lung, enabled by either viral or by non-viral carriers, still remains elusive. Herein, we first introduce lung genetic disorders and their current treatment options, and then summarize CRISPR/Cas9-based strategies for the therapeutic genome editing of these disorders. We further summarize the pros and cons of different routes of administration for lung genetic disorders. In particular, the potentials of aerosol delivery for therapeutic CRISPR/Cas9 biomacromolecules for lung genome editing are discussed and highlighted. Finally, current challenges and future outlooks in this emerging area are briefly discussed.
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8
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El Tabaa MM, El Tabaa MM. New putative insights into neprilysin (NEP)-dependent pharmacotherapeutic role of roflumilast in treating COVID-19. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 889:173615. [PMID: 33011243 PMCID: PMC7527794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) represents the most serious inflammatory respiratory disease worldwide. Despite many proposed therapies, no effective medication has yet been approved. Neutrophils appear to be the key mediator for COVID-19-associated inflammatory immunopathologic, thromboembolic and fibrotic complications. Thus, for any therapeutic agent to be effective, it should greatly block the neutrophilic component of COVID-19. One of the effective therapeutic approaches investigated to reduce neutrophil-associated inflammatory lung diseases with few adverse effects was roflumilast. Being a highly selective phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors (PDE4i), roflumilast acts by enhancing the level of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), that probably potentiates its anti-inflammatory action via increasing neprilysin (NEP) activity. Because activating NEP was previously reported to mitigate several airway inflammatory ailments; this review thoroughly discusses the proposed NEP-based therapeutic properties of roflumilast, which may be of great importance in curing COVID-19. However, further clinical studies are required to confirm this strategy and to evaluate its in vivo preventive and therapeutic efficacy against COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Mohammed El Tabaa
- Pharmacology & Environmental Toxicology, Environmental Studies & Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Egypt.
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9
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Patel SD, Bono TR, Rowe SM, Solomon GM. CFTR targeted therapies: recent advances in cystic fibrosis and possibilities in other diseases of the airways. Eur Respir Rev 2020; 29:29/156/190068. [PMID: 32554756 PMCID: PMC9131734 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0068-2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is an ion transporter that regulates mucus hydration, viscosity and acidity of the airway epithelial surface. Genetic defects in CFTR impair regulation of mucus homeostasis, causing severe defects of mucociliary clearance as seen in cystic fibrosis. Recent work has established that CFTR dysfunction can be acquired in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and may also contribute to other diseases that share clinical features of cystic fibrosis, such as asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis and bronchiectasis. Protean causes of CFTR dysfunction have been identified including cigarette smoke exposure, toxic metals and downstream effects of neutrophil activation pathways. Recently, CFTR modulators, small molecule agents that potentiate CFTR or restore diminished protein levels at the cell surface, have been successfully developed for various CFTR gene defects, prompting interest in their use to treat diseases of acquired dysfunction. The spectrum of CFTR dysfunction, strategies for CFTR modulation, and candidate diseases for CFTR modulation beyond cystic fibrosis will be reviewed in this manuscript. CFTR dysfunction may be part of the pathophysiology of many diseases of the airways. Exploration of mechanisms of dysfunction and options for CFTR-directed therapies are examined in this article. http://bit.ly/33o6nDu
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheylan D Patel
- Dept of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Taylor R Bono
- Dept of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Both authors contributed equally
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Dept of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA .,The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - George M Solomon
- Dept of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,The Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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10
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Reddy AT, Lakshmi SP, Banno A, Reddy RC. Glucocorticoid Receptor α Mediates Roflumilast's Ability to Restore Dexamethasone Sensitivity in COPD. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2020; 15:125-134. [PMID: 32021151 PMCID: PMC6969699 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s230188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glucocorticoids are commonly prescribed to treat inflammation of the respiratory system; however, they are mostly ineffective for controlling chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)-associated inflammation. This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms responsible for such glucocorticoid inefficacy in COPD, which may be instrumental to providing better patient outcomes. Roflumilast is a selective phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) inhibitor with anti-inflammatory properties in severe COPD patients who have a history of exacerbations. Roflumilast has a suggested ability to mitigate glucocorticoid resistance, but the mechanism is unknown. Methods To understand the mechanism that mediates roflumilast-induced restoration of glucocorticoid sensitivity in COPD, we tested the role of glucocorticoid receptor α (GRα). Roflumilast's effects on GRα expression and transcriptional activity were assessed in bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients. Results We found that both GRα expression and activity are downregulated in bronchial epithelial cells from COPD patients and that roflumilast stimulates both GRα mRNA synthesis and GRα's transcriptional activity in COPD bronchial epithelial cells. We also demonstrate that roflumilast enhances dexamethasone's ability to suppress pro-inflammatory mediator production, in a GRα-dependent manner. Discussion Our findings highlight the significance of roflumilast-induced GRα upregulation for COPD therapeutic strategies by revealing that roflumilast restores glucocorticoid sensitivity by sustaining GRα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind T Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA15240, USA
| | - Sowmya P Lakshmi
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA15240, USA
| | - Asoka Banno
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213, USA
| | - Raju C Reddy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA15213, USA
- Veterans Affairs Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, PA15240, USA
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11
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Mei D, Tan WSD, Wong WSF. Pharmacological strategies to regain steroid sensitivity in severe asthma and COPD. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2019; 46:73-81. [PMID: 31078066 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2019.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Corticosteroid is the most widely used anti-inflammatory agent for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, most of the severe asthmatics and COPD patients show poor response to the anti-inflammatory benefits of corticosteroids. Corticosteroid resistance is a major therapeutic challenge to the treatment of severe asthma and COPD. Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying steroid insensitivity in severe asthma and COPD are still not fully understood. This review aims to recapitulate recent discoveries of potential contributing mechanisms of steroid resistance, and to appraise new therapeutic strategies shown to restore steroid sensitivity in experimental models of severe asthma and COPD, and in human clinical trials. It has been revealed that pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-17A, IL-27, IL-33 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) may contribute to steroid resistance in severe asthma and COPD. These cytokines together with allergens, pathogens, and cigarette smoke can modulate multiple signaling pathways including PI3Kδ/Akt/mTOR, JAK1/2-STAT1/5, p38MAPK/JNK, Nrf2/HDAC2/c-Jun, heightened glucocorticoid receptor (GR)β/GRα ratio, and casein kinase 1 (CK1δ/ε)/cofilin 1, to induce steroid insensitivity. More recently, microRNAs such as miR-9, miR-21, and miR-126 have been implicated for corticosteroid insensitivity in asthma and COPD. Therapeutic strategies such as cytokine-specific biologics, signaling molecule-specific small molecule inhibitors, and microRNA-specific antagomir oligonucleotides are potentially promising approaches to reverse corticosteroid resistance. A panel of clinically effective drugs have shown promise in restoring steroid resistance in experimental models, and it is highly probable that some of these molecules can be successfully repositioned for the clinical use in COPD and severe asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Mei
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore
| | - Wan Shun Daniel Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore
| | - Wai Shiu Fred Wong
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Health System, 16 Medical Drive, 117600, Singapore; Immunology Program, Life Science Institute, National University of Singapore, 28 Medical Drive, 117456, Singapore; Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise, National University of Singapore, 1 CREATE Way, 138602, Singapore.
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12
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The pleural mesothelium and transforming growth factor-β1 pathways in restrictive allograft syndrome: A pre-clinical investigation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2019; 38:570-579. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2019.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2018] [Revised: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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13
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Al-Sajee D, Yin X, Gauvreau GM. An evaluation of roflumilast and PDE4 inhibitors with a focus on the treatment of asthma. Expert Opin Pharmacother 2019; 20:609-620. [PMID: 30722707 DOI: 10.1080/14656566.2019.1570132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Asthma is a common chronic airway inflammatory disease characterized by diverse inflammatory events leading to airway hyperresponsiveness and reversible airflow obstruction. Corticosteroids have been the mainstay for asthma treatment due to their broad anti-inflammatory actions; however, other medications such as phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors also demonstrate anti-inflammatory activity in the airways. AREAS COVERED This review describes tissue expression of phosphodiesterase 4 in the airways, the different phosphodiesterase 4 isoenzymes identified, and the anti-inflammatory activities of phosphodiesterase 4 inhibition in asthma and related findings in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The authors further review clinical trials demonstrating that drugs such as roflumilast have an excellent safety profile and efficacy in patients with asthma and COPD. EXPERT OPINION Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors suppress the activity of immune cells, an effect similar to corticosteroids although by acting through different anti-inflammatory pathways and uniquely blocking neutrophilic inflammation. Roflumilast and other phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors have been shown to provide additive protection in asthma when added to corticosteroid and anti-leukotriene treatment. Developmental drugs with dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibition are thought to be able to provide bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory activities and will consequently be pushed forward in their clinical development for the treatment of asthma and COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhuha Al-Sajee
- a Department of Medicine , McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Xuanzhi Yin
- a Department of Medicine , McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada
| | - Gail M Gauvreau
- a Department of Medicine , McMaster University , Hamilton , ON , Canada
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14
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Lee BC, Susuki-Miyata S, Yan C, Li JD. Dexamethasone Inhibits Synergistic Induction of PDE4B Expression by Roflumilast and Bacterium NTHi. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113511. [PMID: 30413022 PMCID: PMC6274694 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphodiesterase 4B (PDE4B) plays an important role in inflammation. Recently we have reported that roflumilast as a PDE4-selective inhibitor, synergizes with nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) to up-regulate PDE4B expression in vitro and in vivo. Clinical evidence and our previous results suggest that synergistic induction of PDE4B could be counterproductive for suppressing inflammation or may contribute to tolerance to roflumilast. We thus investigated if dexamethasone inhibits the synergistic induction of PDE4B by roflumilast and NTHi as well as inflammation. Here, dexamethasone markedly suppressed the synergistic induction of PDE4B in human lung epithelial cells and in vivo. We also found that dexamethasone further suppressed NTHi-induced inflammatory response in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, Compound A, as a dissociating non-steroidal glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ligand, inhibited the synergistic induction of PDE4B, thereby suggesting the requirement of dexamethasone-mediated GR activation in the suppression of PDE4B expression. Taken together, our data suggest that dexamethasone may help attenuate inflammation and tolerance through suppressing the PDE4B expression in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients using roflumilast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byung-Cheol Lee
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Seiko Susuki-Miyata
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
| | - Chen Yan
- Aab Cardiovascular Research Institute and Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
| | - Jian-Dong Li
- Center for Inflammation, Immunity & Infection, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA.
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15
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Higham A, Karur P, Jackson N, Cunoosamy DM, Jansson P, Singh D. Differential anti-inflammatory effects of budesonide and a p38 MAPK inhibitor AZD7624 on COPD pulmonary cells. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2018; 13:1279-1288. [PMID: 29719383 PMCID: PMC5914546 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s159936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The effects of anti-inflammatory drugs in COPD patients may vary between different cell types. The aim of the current study was to assess the anti-inflammatory effects of the corticosteroid budesonide and a p38 MAPK inhibitor (AZD7624) on different cell types obtained from COPD patients and healthy controls. Methods Eight healthy smokers, 16 COPD infrequent exacerbators, and 16 frequent COPD exacerbators (≥2 exacerbations in the last year) were recruited for bronchoscopy and blood sampling. The anti-inflammatory effects of budesonide and AZD7624 were assessed on cytokine release from lipopolysaccharide-stimulated alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid-stimulated bronchial epithelial cells. Results The anti-inflammatory effects of budesonide varied greatly within a patient according to the cell type studied. Bronchial epithelial cells showed the lowest sensitivity to budesonide, while peripheral blood mononuclear cells showed the greatest sensitivity. AZD7624 had a greater effect than budesonide on cytokine production from bronchial epithelial cells. Exacerbation frequency did not influence corticosteroid sensitivity. Conclusion We observed variable corticosteroid and p38 MAPK inhibitor anti-inflammatory responses within the same individual depending on the cell type studied. These findings support the use of multiple anti-inflammatory strategies in COPD patients due to differences between cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Higham
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pradeep Karur
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Natalie Jackson
- Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Paul Jansson
- RIA IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Dave Singh
- Division of Infection, Immunity and Respiratory Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK.,Medicines Evaluation Unit, The University Hospital of South Manchester, Manchester, UK
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16
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Patel BS, Rahman MM, Baehring G, Xenaki D, Tang FSM, Oliver BG, Ammit AJ. Roflumilast N-Oxide in Combination with Formoterol Enhances the Antiinflammatory Effect of Dexamethasone in Airway Smooth Muscle Cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2017; 56:532-538. [PMID: 27997807 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0191oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Roflumilast is an orally active phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitor approved for use in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Roflumilast N-oxide (RNO) is the active metabolite of roflumilast and has a demonstrated antiinflammatory impact in vivo and in vitro. To date, the effect of RNO on the synthetic function of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells is unknown. We address this herein and investigate the effect of RNO on β2-adrenoceptor-mediated, cAMP-dependent responses in ASM cells in vitro, and whether RNO enhances steroid-induced repression of inflammation. RNO (0.001-1,000 nM) alone had no effect on AMP production from ASM cells, and significant potentiation of the long-acting β2-agonist formoterol-induced cAMP could only be achieved at the highest concentration of RNO tested (1,000 nM). At this concentration, RNO exerted a small, but not significantly different, potentiation of formoterol-induced expression of antiinflammatory mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1. Consequently, tumor necrosis factor-induced IL-8 secretion was unaffected by RNO in combination with formoterol. However, because there was the potential for phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors and long-acting β2-agonists to interact with corticosteroids to achieve superior antiinflammatory efficacy, we examined whether RNO, alone or in combination with formoterol, enhanced the antiinflammatory effect of dexamethasone by measuring the impact on IL-8 secretion. Although RNO alone did not significantly enhance the cytokine repression achieved with steroids, RNO in combination with formoterol significantly enhanced the antiinflammatory effect of dexamethasone in ASM cells. This was linked to increased mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase 1 expression in ASM cells, suggesting that a molecular mechanism is responsible for augmented antiinflammatory actions of combination therapeutic approaches that include RNO.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Dikaia Xenaki
- 3 Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and
| | | | - Brian G Oliver
- 2 Woolcock Emphysema Centre and.,3 Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia; and.,4 Centre for Health Technologies and Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alaina J Ammit
- 2 Woolcock Emphysema Centre and.,4 Centre for Health Technologies and Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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17
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Dua K, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM. Steroid resistance and concomitant respiratory infections: A challenging battle in pulmonary clinic. EXCLI JOURNAL 2017; 16:981-985. [PMID: 28900378 PMCID: PMC5579404 DOI: 10.17179/excli2017-425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology,Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Nicole G. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
| | - Philip M. Hansbro
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW2308, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute, J Lot 1 Kookaburra Circuit, New Lambton Heights, Newcastle, NSW 2305, Australia
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18
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Bellon H, Vandermeulen E, Mathyssen C, Sacreas A, Verleden SE, Heigl T, Vriens H, Lammertyn E, Pilette C, Hoet P, Vos R, Vanaudenaerde BM, Verleden GM. Interleukin-1α induced release of interleukin-8 by human bronchial epithelial cells in vitro: assessing mechanisms and possible treatment options. Transpl Int 2017; 30:388-397. [PMID: 28078769 DOI: 10.1111/tri.12915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2016] [Revised: 08/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Survival after lung transplantation is hampered by chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD). Persistently elevated BAL-neutrophilia is observed in some patients despite treatment with azithromycin, which may be induced by IL-1α. Our aim is to establish an in vitro model, assess mechanistic pathways and test different therapeutic strategies of IL-1α-induced release of IL-8 by human bronchial epithelial cells. Bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE) were stimulated with IL-1α with or without azithromycin or dexamethasone. IL-8 protein was analyzed in cell supernatant. Different MAP kinases (p38, JNK, ERK1/2 , Iκβ) and targets known to be involved in tumor formation (PI3K, Akt) were investigated. Finally, different treatment options were tested for their potential inhibitory effect. IL-1α induced IL-8 in bronchial epithelial cells, which was dose-dependently inhibited by dexamethasone but not by azithromycin. IL-1α induced p38 and Akt phosphorylation, but activation of these MAPK was not inhibited by dexamethasone. JNK, ERK1/2 , Iκβ and PI3K were not activated. None of the tested drugs reduced the IL-1α induced IL-8 production. We established an in vitro model wherein steroids inhibit the IL-1α-induced IL-8 production, while azithromycin was ineffective. Despite using this simple in vitro model, we could not identify a new treatment option for azithromycin-resistant airway neutrophilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannelore Bellon
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elly Vandermeulen
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Carolien Mathyssen
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Annelore Sacreas
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn E Verleden
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tobias Heigl
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Hanne Vriens
- Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Elise Lammertyn
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Charles Pilette
- Institute of Experimental & Clinical Research - Pole of Pneumology, ENT and Dermatology, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter Hoet
- Environment and Health, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Robin Vos
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bart M Vanaudenaerde
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Geert M Verleden
- Lung Transplant Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division of Respiratory Disease, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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19
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Andreeva-Gateva PA, Stamenova E, Gatev T. The place of inhaled corticosteroids in the treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a narrative review. Postgrad Med 2017; 128:474-84. [PMID: 27153510 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2016.1186487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) belong to the armament for treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and as such, they are widely used in real life. This is a narrative review on evidence-based papers published in the English language listed in Medline between 1990 and March 2016 discussing ICS application in COPD. Recent meta-analyses clearly show that ICSs are able to decrease the rate of exacerbation and to delay the decline of lung function, although they do not prolong life, nor stop the progression of the disease. ICSs are included in guidelines for COPD treatment, exclusively in combination with bronch-15 odilators. However, adverse effects as pneumonia, cataracts, osteoporosis, etc. seem obvious. Newer studies show that patients with COPD are not a homogeneous population, and recently several phenotypes were identified, including asthma-COPD overlap syndrome (ACOS), among others. The efficacy of ICSs seems to be unequal for different subpopulations of patients with COPD and further research is needed to address a personalized approach in the treatment of COPD patients, and to 20 identify predictors for ICS treatment success. Usage of ICSs in patients with COPD needs to be précised especially in patients with COPD without asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavlina A Andreeva-Gateva
- a Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology , Medical University - Sofia , Sofia , Bulgaria.,b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases, Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Skin Diseases , Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Eleonora Stamenova
- b Faculty of Medicine, Department of Internal Diseases, Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Pediatrics, Epidemiology, Infectious Diseases, and Skin Diseases , Sofia University 'St. Kliment Ohridski' , Sofia , Bulgaria
| | - Tzvetelin Gatev
- c Department of Forensic Medicine , Military Hospital , Sofia , Bulgaria
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20
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Shishikura Y, Koarai A, Aizawa H, Yamaya M, Sugiura H, Watanabe M, Hashimoto Y, Numakura T, Makiguti T, Abe K, Yamada M, Kikuchi T, Hoshikawa Y, Okada Y, Ichinose M. Extracellular ATP is involved in dsRNA-induced MUC5AC production via P2Y2R in human airway epithelium. Respir Res 2016; 17:121. [PMID: 27677339 PMCID: PMC5039824 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In response to tissue damage or inflammation, adenosine-5'-triphosphate (ATP) is released into the extracellular compartment and has been demonstrated to augment inflammation via purinergic P2 receptors (P2Rs). Recently, ATP has been shown to be increased in the airways of COPD patients. In the present study, we examined the possible involvement of extracellular ATP in airway mucus hypersecretion during viral-induced COPD exacerbations. METHODS The involvement of extracellular ATP in the release of a major airway mucin, MUC5AC, and its signal pathway was examined after stimulation with polyinosine-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], a synthetic analog of dsRNA to mimic viral infection, and rhinovirus (RV) infection in NCI-H292 cells and differentiated airway epithelial cells from COPD patients. RESULTS Treatment with poly(I:C) significantly increased the amount of extracellular ATP and induced MUC5AC release in NCI-H292 cells. Pre-treatment with a pannexin channel inhibitor, carbenoxolone (CBX), reduced the amount of extracellular ATP and suppressed MUC5AC release from poly(I:C)-treated cells. Pre-treatment with the P2R antagonist suramin significantly reduced the expression and release of MUC5AC. The inhibitory effects of CBX and suramin on the release of ATP and/or MUC5AC were replicated with RV infection. Pre-treatment with suramin also significantly reduced the expression and amount of extracellular EGFR ligands and the phosphorylation of EGFR and ERK in poly(I:C)-treated cells. In addition, pre-treatment with a P2Y2 receptor siRNA significantly suppressed the poly(I:C)-potentiated EGFR ligands and MUC5AC release. After poly(I:C) stimulation, the expression of MUC5AC in the differentiated cells from COPD patients was significantly higher than those from healthy subjects and the values of MUC5AC expression were inversely related with forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) % predicted. The inhibitory effects of CBX and suramin on poly(I:C)-potentiated MUC5AC expression were confirmed in differentiated airway epithelium from COPD patients. CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate that dsRNA induces the release of ATP via pannexin channel and that the extracellular ATP is involved in the expression and release of MUC5AC, mainly via P2Y2R, in an autocrine manner. Modulation of this pathway could be a therapeutic target for viral-induced mucus hypersecretion in COPD exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Shishikura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Akira Koarai
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Aizawa
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Mutsuo Yamaya
- Department of Advanced Preventive Medicine for Infectious Disease Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Hisatoshi Sugiura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Mika Watanabe
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Yuichiro Hashimoto
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Tadahisa Numakura
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Tomonori Makiguti
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Kyoko Abe
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Mituhiro Yamada
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kikuchi
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-757 Asahimachidori, Chuo-ku, Niigata 951-8510 Japan
| | - Yasushi Hoshikawa
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, 470-1192 Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okada
- Department of Thoracic Surgery Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575 Japan
| | - Masakazu Ichinose
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574 Japan
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21
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Liu Y, Gu Y, Han Y, Zhang Q, Jiang Z, Zhang X, Huang B, Xu X, Zheng J, Cao X. Tumor Exosomal RNAs Promote Lung Pre-metastatic Niche Formation by Activating Alveolar Epithelial TLR3 to Recruit Neutrophils. Cancer Cell 2016; 30:243-256. [PMID: 27505671 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2016.06.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The pre-metastatic niche educated by primary tumor-derived elements contributes to cancer metastasis. However, the role of host stromal cells in metastatic niche formation and organ-specific metastatic tropism is not clearly defined. Here, we demonstrate that lung epithelial cells are critical for initiating neutrophil recruitment and lung metastatic niche formation by sensing tumor exosomal RNAs via Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). TLR3-deficient mice show reduced lung metastasis in the spontaneous metastatic models. Mechanistically, primary tumor-derived exosomal RNAs, which are enriched in small nuclear RNAs, activate TLR3 in lung epithelial cells, consequently inducing chemokine secretion in the lung and promoting neutrophil recruitment. Identification of metastatic axis of tumor exosomal RNAs and host lung epithelial cell TLR3 activation provides potential targets to control cancer metastasis to the lung.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/genetics
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lewis Lung/pathology
- Epithelial Cells/pathology
- Exosomes
- Humans
- Lung Neoplasms/genetics
- Lung Neoplasms/metabolism
- Lung Neoplasms/pathology
- Lung Neoplasms/secondary
- Melanoma, Experimental/genetics
- Melanoma, Experimental/metabolism
- Melanoma, Experimental/pathology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Transgenic
- Neoplasm Metastasis
- Neutrophil Infiltration/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/genetics
- RNA, Neoplasm/metabolism
- RNA, Small Nuclear/genetics
- RNA, Small Nuclear/metabolism
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/deficiency
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/genetics
- Toll-Like Receptor 3/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yan Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yanmei Han
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhengping Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiang Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Bo Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Jianming Zheng
- Department of Pathology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xuetao Cao
- National Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, China; National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Department of Immunology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
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22
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Lin X, Huang H, You Y, Tang C, Gu X, Huang M, Tan J, Wang J. Activation of TLR5 induces podocyte apoptosis. Cell Biochem Funct 2016; 34:63-8. [PMID: 26914743 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2015] [Revised: 12/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Lin
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Haiting Huang
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Yanwu You
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Chunrong Tang
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Xiangjun Gu
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Meiying Huang
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Junhua Tan
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Nephrology; the Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities; Baise China
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23
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Grundy S, Plumb J, Kaur M, Ray D, Singh D. Additive anti-inflammatory effects of corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase-4 inhibitors in COPD CD8 cells. Respir Res 2016; 17:9. [PMID: 26809346 PMCID: PMC4727404 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0325-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2015] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND CD8 lymphocytes play an important role in the pathogenesis of COPD. Corticosteroids and phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4) inhibitors are anti-inflammatory drugs used for COPD treatment. Little is known of the combined effect of these drugs on COPD CD8 cells. We studied the effect of corticosteroid combined with PDE4 inhibitors on cytokine release form circulating and pulmonary CD8 cells, and on glucocorticoid (GR) nuclear translocation. METHODS The effect of dexamethasone alone and in combination with the PDE4 inhibitors roflumilast and GSK256066 on cytokine release from circulating and pulmonary CD8 cells was measured. The effect of the compounds on nuclear translocation of GR and cyclic AMP-responsive element-binding protein (CREB) was studied using immunofluorescence. RESULTS Dexamethasone inhibited cytokine release from COPD CD8 cells in a concentration dependent manner. PDE4 inhibitors enhanced this anti-inflammatory effect in an additive manner. PDE4 inhibitors did not increase corticosteroid induced GR nuclear translocation. PDE4 inhibitors, but not corticosteroid, increased phospho-CREB nuclear translocation. CONCLUSION The combination of corticosteroids and PDE4 inhibitors results in an additive anti-inflammatory effect in COPD CD8 cells. This enhanced anti-inflammatory effect could translate to important clinical benefits for patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seamus Grundy
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK.
| | - Jonathan Plumb
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - Manminder Kaur
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
| | - David Ray
- School of Medicine and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Dave Singh
- Centre for Respiratory Medicine and Allergy, Institute of Inflammation and Repair, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester and University Hospital of South Manchester, NHS Foundation Trust Southmoor Road, Manchester, M23 9LT, UK
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