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Li J, Yang Z, Kawajiri A, Sato K, Tayama S, Ishii N, Zhu J, Kawabe T. Excess generation and activation of naturally arising memory-phenotype CD4 + T lymphocytes are inhibited by regulatory T cells in steady state. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1429954. [PMID: 39221254 PMCID: PMC11361994 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Conventional CD4+ T lymphocytes consist of naïve, foreign antigen-specific memory, and self-antigen-driven memory-phenotype (MP) cell compartments at homeostasis. We recently showed that MP cells tonically proliferate in response to self-antigens and differentiate into the T-bet+ subset in steady state. How excess proliferation and differentiation of MP cells are inhibited remains unclear. Given immunosuppressive function of regulatory T cells (Tregs), it is possible that they are also involved in inhibition of spontaneous MP cell activation. Here we show using Foxp3-diphtheria toxin receptor-transgenic mice that both MP and naïve CD4+ T cells spontaneously proliferate and differentiate into Th1 cells upon acute Treg depletion. At an early time point post Treg depletion, MP as compared to naïve CD4+ T cells are preferentially activated while at a later stage, the response is dominated by activated cells originated from the naïve pool. Moreover, we argue that MP cell proliferation is driven by TCR and CD28 signaling whereas Th1 differentiation mediated by IL-2. Furthermore, our data indicate that such activation of MP and naïve CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to development of multi-organ inflammation at early and later time points, respectively, after Treg ablation. Together our findings reveal that Tregs tonically inhibit early, spontaneous proliferation and Th1 differentiation of MP CD4+ T lymphocytes as well as late activation of naïve cells, thereby contributing to maintenance of T cell homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Ziying Yang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Akihisa Kawajiri
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Kosuke Sato
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Shunichi Tayama
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Naoto Ishii
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Jinfang Zhu
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Takeshi Kawabe
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Miyagi, Japan
- Molecular and Cellular Immunoregulation Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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Üstündağ H, Kara A, Doğanay S, Kurt N, Erbaş E, Kalindemirtaş FD, Kariper İA. Molecular mechanisms of resveratrol and its silver nanoparticle conjugate in addressing sepsis-induced lung injury. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:6249-6261. [PMID: 38546748 PMCID: PMC11329585 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03058-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/18/2024]
Abstract
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition characterized by a systemic inflammatory response to infection. Despite extensive research on its pathophysiology, effective therapeutic approaches remain a challenge. This study investigated the potential of resveratrol (RV) and silver nanoparticle-enhanced resveratrol (AgNP-RV) as treatments for sepsis-induced lung injury using a rat model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The study focused on evaluating changes in oxidative status (TAS, TOS, and OSI) and the expression of inflammatory and apoptotic markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, P2X7R, TLR4, Caspase-3, and Bcl-2) in lung tissue. Both RV and AgNP-RV demonstrated potential in mitigating oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis, with AgNP-RV exhibiting greater efficacy than RV alone (p < 0.05). These findings were corroborated by histopathological analyses, which revealed reduced tissue damage in the RV- and AgNP-RV-treated groups. Our study highlights the therapeutic potential of RV and, particularly, AgNP-RV in combating sepsis-induced oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. It also underscores the promise of nanoparticle technology in enhancing therapeutic outcomes. However, further investigations are warranted to fully understand the mechanisms of action, especially concerning the role of the P2X7 receptor in the observed effects. Nonetheless, our research suggests that RV and AgNP-RV hold promise as novel strategies for sepsis management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilal Üstündağ
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, 2400, Türkiye.
| | - Adem Kara
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | - Songül Doğanay
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye
| | - Nezahat Kurt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan Binali Yildirim University, Erzincan, Türkiye
| | - Elif Erbaş
- Department of Veterinary Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Basic Sciences, Erzurum, Türkiye
| | | | - İshak Afşin Kariper
- Department of Science Education, Education Faculty, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
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Lee J, Kim A, Ahn HY, Kim JB. In vivo comparative assessments on pleural adhesive effects of three commercially available sealants. JTCVS Tech 2024; 26:131-138. [PMID: 39156518 PMCID: PMC11329177 DOI: 10.1016/j.xjtc.2024.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Surgical sealant, which is used for the reinforcement of suture lines, has been widely used in lung-resection surgeries with the aim of reducing postoperative morbidity; however, it may exacerbate surgical-site adhesion, creating the risks of restrictive thoracic movement and a difficult entrance for redo operation. We aimed to assess the pleural adhesive effects of 3 frequently used surgical sealants, (1) fibrin glue (fibrin), (2) a composite of polyethylene glycol and human serum albumin (PEG/HSA), and (3) bioabsorbable polyglycolic acid felt (PGA), in an in vivo setting. Methods Eighty-one rats were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups-fibrin, PEG/HSA, and PGA. After intrapleural application of the sealants, the extent and severity of adhesion and inflammation were quantitatively compared among the 3 groups at 2, 4, and 8 weeks. Results The scores for both the extent and severity of adhesion were significantly greater in the PGA group than the other 2 groups throughout postoperative period (P < .001 for all). Although both scores in the PES/HSA and fibrin groups were 0 at 2 weeks, the fibrin group showed significantly greater scores than the PES/HSA group thereafter (P < .001 for all). Trends in inflammation scores were similar of those of adhesion scores, favoring the PES/HSA group followed by the fibrin group (P < .001 for all). Conclusions Among 3 commonly used sealants, PEA/HSA showed least degree of adhesion/inflammation compared with fibrin and PGA, whereas PGA demonstrated greatest degrees of adhesion/inflammation throughout a postoperative course of 8 weeks in an in vivo model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonggeun Lee
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahrong Kim
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pathology, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyo Yeong Ahn
- School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Bum Kim
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Yakut S, Gelen V, Kara H, Özkanlar S, Yeşildağ A. Silver Nanoparticles Loaded With Oleuropein Alleviates LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury by Modulating the TLR4/P2X7 Receptor-Mediated Inflammation and Apoptosis in Rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38980228 DOI: 10.1002/tox.24369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4) ligands were initially shown to be the source of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative bacterium's cell wall immunostimulatory component. Oxidative stress, apoptosis, and inflammation are all potential effects of LPS treatment on the lungs. By triggering oxidative stress and inflammation, these negative effects could be avoided. Robust flavonoid oleuropein (OLE) exhibits anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and antioxidative properties. A nanodelivery system could improve its low bioavailability, making it more effective and useful in treating chronic human ailments. This study evaluates the effects of AgNP-loaded OLE on LPS-induced lung injury in rats in terms of TLR4/P2X7 receptor-mediated inflammation and apoptosis. Forty-eight male albino rats were randomly divided into eight groups. Drugs were administered to the groups in the doses specified as follows: Control, LPS (8 mg/kg ip), OLE (50 mg/kg) AgNPs (100 mg/kg), OLE + AgNPs (50 mg/kg), LPS + OLE (oleuropein 50 mg/kg ig + LPS 8 mg/kg ip), LPS + AgNPs (AgNPs 100 mg/kg ig + LPS 8 mg/kg ip), and LPS + OLE + AgNPs (OLE + AgNPs 50 mg/kg + LPS 8 mg/kg ip). After the applications, the rats were decapitated under appropriate conditions, and lung tissues were obtained. Oxidative stress (SOD, MDA, and GSH), and inflammation (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α, Nrf2, P2X7R, AKT, and TLR4) parameters were evaluated in the obtained lung tissues. Additionally, histopathology studies were performed on lung tissue samples. The data obtained were evaluated by comparison between groups. Both OLE and OLE + AgNPs showed potential in reducing oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis (p < 0.05). These findings were supported by histopathological analysis, which revealed that tissue damage was reduced in OLE and OLE + AgNPs-treated groups. According to the results, LPS-induced lung injury can be reduced by using nanotechnology and producing OLE + AgNP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Yakut
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
| | - Volkan Gelen
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
| | - Hülya Kara
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Seçkin Özkanlar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Ali Yeşildağ
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Kafkas University, Kars, Turkey
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Sapra L, Saini C, Das S, Mishra PK, Singh A, Mridha AR, Yadav PK, Srivastava RK. Lactobacillus rhamnosus (LR) ameliorates pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) via targeting neutrophils. Clin Immunol 2024; 258:109872. [PMID: 38113963 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2023.109872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary and extrapulmonary acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a life-threatening respiratory failure associated with high mortality. Despite progress in our understanding of the pathological mechanism causing the crippling illness, there are currently no targeted pharmaceutical treatments available for it. Recent discoveries have emphasized the existence of a potential nexus between gut and lung health fueling novel approaches including probiotics for the treatment of ARDS. We thus investigated the prophylactic-potential of Lactobacillus rhamnosus-(LR) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary and cecal ligation puncture (CLP) induced extrapulmonary ARDS mice. Our in-vivo findings revealed that pretreatment with LR significantly ameliorated vascular-permeability (edema) of the lungs via modulating the neutrophils along with significantly reducing the expression of inflammatory-cytokines in the BALF, lungs and serum in both pulmonary and extrapulmonary mice-models. Interestingly, our ex-vivo immunofluorescence and flow cytometric data suggested that mechanistically LR via short chain fatty acids (butyrate being the most potent and efficient in ameliorating the pathophysiology of both pulmonary and extra-pulmonary ARDS) targets the phagocytic and neutrophils extracellular traps (NETs) releasing potential of neutrophils. Moreover, our in-vivo data further corroborated our ex-vivo findings and suggested that butyrate exhibits enhanced potential in ameliorating the pathophysiology of ARDS via reducing the infiltration of neutrophils into the lungs. Altogether, our study establishes the prophylactic role of LR and its associated metabolites in the prevention and management of both pulmonary and extrapulmonary ARDS via targeting neutrophils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leena Sapra
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Chaman Saini
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Sneha Das
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pradyumna K Mishra
- Department of Molecular Biology, ICMR-National Institute for Research in Environmental Health, Bhopal, MP 462001, India
| | - Anurag Singh
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Asit R Mridha
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Pardeep K Yadav
- Central Animal Facility, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Rupesh K Srivastava
- Translational Immunology, Osteoimmunology & Immunoporosis Lab (TIOIL), Department of Biotechnology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi 110029, India.
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Erbaş E, Celep NA, Tekiner D, Genç A, Gedikli S. Assessment of toxicological effects of favipiravir (T-705) on the lung tissue of rats: An experimental study. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2024; 38:e23536. [PMID: 37942797 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to present new data on the side effects of favipiravir on healthy lung tissue and the respiratory system. In the study, two different durations (5 and 10 days) were preferred to determine the effect of favipiravir treatment due to clinical improvement rates of approximately 5 and 10 days during the use of favipiravir in COVID-19 patients. In addition, after 10 days of favipiravir treatment, animals were kept for 5 days without any treatment to determine the regeneration of lung tissues. Favipiravir was administered to rats by oral gavage at a daily dose of 200 mg/kg for 5 and 10 days, as in previous studies. At the end of the experiment, the histopathological and biochemical effects of favipiravir in the lung tissue were investigated. The data obtained from the study showed that favipiravir increased oxidative stress parameters, expression of apoptotic markers, and pro-inflammatory markers in lung tissue. Since malondialdehydes is an oxidant parameter, it increased in favipiravir-administered groups; It was determined that the antioxidant parameters glutathione, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase decreased. Other markers used in the analysis are Bcl-2, Bax, NF-κB, interleukin (IL)-6, Muc1, iNOS, P2X7R, IL-6 and caspase-3. The levels of Bax, caspase-3, NF-κB, IL-6, Muc1, and P2X7R were increased in the Fav-treated groups compared with the control. However, the levels of Bcl-2 decreased in the Fav-treated groups. The present study proves that favipiravir, widely used today, causes side effects in lung tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erbaş
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Atatürk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nevra Aydemir Celep
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Atatürk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
- Department of Pharmacology, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Deniz Tekiner
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Atatürk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Aydın Genç
- Department of Biochemistry, Bingöl University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Semin Gedikli
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Atatürk University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
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Assiri RA, El-Masry TA, El-Haggar SM, Elekhnawy E, Eldin SS, El-Kadem AH, Mostafa SA, Elberri AI, Magdeldin S, Negm WA, Mokhtar FA. Phytochemical investigation, antibacterial, and ameliorative potential effects of Tamarix nilotica on LPS-induced acute lung injury model in mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115678. [PMID: 37820564 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute lung injury (ALI) is a serious illness with a high mortality rate of 40-60%. It is characterised by systemic inflammatory processes and oxidative stress. Gram-negative bacterial infections are the major cause of ALI, and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is the major stimulus for the release of inflammatory mediators. Hence, there is an urgent need to develop new therapies which ameliorate ALI and prevent its serious consequences. The Middle Eastern native plant Tamarix nilotica (Ehrenb) Bunge belongs to the family Tamaricaceae, which exhibits strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Thus, the current work aimed to ensure the plausible beneficial effects of T. nilotica different fractions on LPS-induced acute lung injury after elucidating their phytochemical constituents using LC/MS analysis. Mice were randomly allocated into six groups: Control saline, LPS group, and four groups treated with total extract, DCM, EtOAc and n-butanol fractions, respectively, intraperitoneal at 100 mg/kg doses 30 min before LPS injection. The lung expression of iNOS, TGF-β1, NOX-1, NOX-4 and GPX-1 levels were evaluated. Also, oxidative stress was assessed via measurements of MDA, SOD and Catalase activity, and histopathological and immunohistochemical investigation of TNF-α in lung tissues were performed. T. nilotica n-butanol fraction caused a significant downregulation in iNOS, TGF-β1, TNF-α, NOX-1, NOX-4, and MDA levels (p ˂ 0.05), and significantly elevated GPX-1 expression levels, SOD, and catalase activity (p ˂ 0.05), and alleviated all histopathological abnormalities confirming its advantageous role in ALI. The antibacterial activities of T. nilotica and its different fractions were investigated by agar well diffusion method and broth microdilution method. Interestingly, the n-butanol fraction exhibited the best antibacterial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae clinical isolates. It also significantly reduced exopolysaccharide quantity, cell surface hydrophobicity, and biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rasha Assad Assiri
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thanaa A El-Masry
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Sahar M El-Haggar
- Clinical Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt
| | - Engy Elekhnawy
- Pharmaceutical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Salwa Seif Eldin
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aya H El-Kadem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Sally Abdallah Mostafa
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aya Ibrahim Elberri
- Genetic Engineering and Molecular Biology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, 32511 Shebin El-Kom, Menoufia, Egypt
| | - Sameh Magdeldin
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Walaa A Negm
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Tanta 31527, Egypt.
| | - Fatma A Mokhtar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, El Saleheya El Gadida University, El Saleheya El Gadida 44813, Sharkia, Egypt
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Chen J, Ding C, Cao J, Tong H, Chen Y. Heat stress combined with lipopolysaccharide induces pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell glycocalyx inflammatory damage in vitro. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e1034. [PMID: 37904703 PMCID: PMC10552074 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.1034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stroke is a life-threatening disease with high mortality and complications. Endothelial glycocalyx (EGCX) is essential for maintaining endothelial cell structure and function as well as preventing the adhesion of inflammatory cells. Potential relationship that underlies the imbalance in inflammation and coagulation remains elusive. Moreover, the role of EGCX in heat stroke-induced organ injury remained unclear. Therefore, the current study aimed to illustrate if EGCX aggravates apoptosis, inflammation, and oxidative damage in human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (HPMEC). Heat stress and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were employed to construct in vitro models to study the changes of glycocalyx structure and function, as well as levels of heparansulfate proteoglycan (HSPG), syndecan-1 (SDC-1), heparansulfate (HS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-6, Von Willebrand factor (vWF), endothelin-1 (ET-1), occludin, E-selectin, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here, we showed that heat stress and LPS devastated EGCX structure, activated EGCX degradation, and triggered oxidative damage and apoptosis in HPMEC. Stimulation of heat stress and LPS decreased expression of HSPG, increased levels of SDC-1 and HS in culture supernatant, promoted the production and release of proinflammation cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6,) and coagulative factors (vWF and ET-1) in HPMEC. Furthermore, Expressions of E-selection, VCAM-1, and ROS were upregulated, while that of occludin was downregulated. These changes could be deteriorated by heparanase, whereas they meliorated by unfractionated heparin. This study indicated that EGCX may contribute to apoptosis and heat stroke-induced coagulopathy, and these effects may have been due to the decrease in the shedding of EGCX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiadi Chen
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine First WardThe First Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical CollegeShantouGuangdongChina
| | - Chengjia Ding
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of DongguanDongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan UniversityDongguanGuangdongChina
- The Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Critical Illness in Dongguan CityDongguanGuangdongChina
| | - Jingjing Cao
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of DongguanDongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan UniversityDongguanGuangdongChina
- The Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Critical Illness in Dongguan CityDongguanGuangdongChina
| | - Huasheng Tong
- Department of Emergency MedicineGeneral Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLAGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Yi Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Binhaiwan Central Hospital of DongguanDongguan Hospital Affiliated to Jinan UniversityDongguanGuangdongChina
- The Key Laboratory for Prevention and Treatment of Critical Illness in Dongguan CityDongguanGuangdongChina
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9
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Ospina-Tascón GA, Aldana JL, García Marín AF, Calderón-Tapia LE, Marulanda A, Escobar EP, García-Gallardo G, Orozco N, Velasco MI, Ríos E, De Backer D, Hernández G, Bakker J. Immediate Norepinephrine in Endotoxic Shock: Effects on Regional and Microcirculatory Flow. Crit Care Med 2023; 51:e157-e168. [PMID: 37255347 DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000005885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of immediate start of norepinephrine versus initial fluid loading followed by norepinephrine on macro hemodynamics, regional splanchnic and intestinal microcirculatory flows in endotoxic shock. DESIGN Animal experimental study. SETTING University translational research laboratory. SUBJECTS Fifteen Landrace pigs. INTERVENTIONS Shock was induced by escalating dose of lipopolysaccharide. Animals were allocated to immediate start of norepinephrine (i-NE) ( n = 6) versus mandatory 1-hour fluid loading (30 mL/kg) followed by norepinephrine (i-FL) ( n = 6). Once mean arterial pressure greater than or equal to 75 mm Hg was, respectively, achieved, successive mini-fluid boluses of 4 mL/kg of Ringer Lactate were given whenever: a) arterial lactate greater than 2.0 mmol/L or decrease less than 10% per 30 min and b) fluid responsiveness was judged to be positive. Three additional animals were used as controls (Sham) ( n = 3). Time × group interactions were evaluated by repeated-measures analysis of variance. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Hypotension was significantly shorter in i-NE group (7.5 min [5.5-22.0 min] vs 49.3 min [29.5-60.0 min]; p < 0.001). Regional mesenteric and microcirculatory flows at jejunal mucosa and serosa were significantly higher in i-NE group at 4 and 6 hours after initiation of therapy ( p = 0.011, p = 0.032, and p = 0.017, respectively). Misdistribution of intestinal microcirculatory blood flow at the onset of shock was significantly reversed in i-NE group ( p < 0.001), which agreed with dynamic changes in mesenteric-lactate levels ( p = 0.01) and venous-to-arterial carbon dioxide differences ( p = 0.001). Animals allocated to i-NE showed significantly higher global end-diastolic volumes ( p = 0.015) and required significantly less resuscitation fluids ( p < 0.001) and lower doses of norepinephrine ( p = 0.001) at the end of the experiment. Pulmonary vascular permeability and extravascular lung water indexes were significantly lower in i-NE group ( p = 0.021 and p = 0.004, respectively). CONCLUSIONS In endotoxemic shock, immediate start of norepinephrine significantly improved regional splanchnic and intestinal microcirculatory flows when compared with mandatory fixed-dose fluid loading preceding norepinephrine. Immediate norepinephrine strategy was related with less resuscitation fluids and lower vasopressor doses at the end of the experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo A Ospina-Tascón
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - José L Aldana
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Alberto F García Marín
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Luis E Calderón-Tapia
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Angela Marulanda
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Elena P Escobar
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Gustavo García-Gallardo
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Nicolás Orozco
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - María I Velasco
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Edwin Ríos
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
| | - Daniel De Backer
- Intensive Care Department, CHIREC Hospitals, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Glenn Hernández
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jan Bakker
- Department of Intensive Care, Fundación Valle del Lili, Cali, Colombia
- Translational Research Laboratory in Critical Care Medicine (TransLab-CCM), Universidad Icesi, Cali, Colombia
- Intensive Care Department, CHIREC Hospitals, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
- Departamento de Medicina Intensiva, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Intensive Care Adults, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, New York University, New York, NY
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY
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10
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Song HY, Chen F, Park HR, Han JM, Ji HJ, Byun EB, Kwon Y, Kim MK, Ahn KB, Seo HS. Low-dose radiation therapy suppresses viral pneumonia by enhancing broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory responses via transforming growth factor-β production. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1182927. [PMID: 37304302 PMCID: PMC10248130 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1182927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-dose radiation therapy (LDRT) can suppress intractable inflammation, such as that in rheumatoid arthritis, and is used for treating more than 10,000 rheumatoid arthritis patients annually in Europe. Several recent clinical trials have reported that LDRT can effectively reduce the severity of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and other cases of viral pneumonia. However, the therapeutic mechanism of LDRT remains unelucidated. Therefore, in the current study, we aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism underlying immunological alterations in influenza pneumonia after LDRT. Mice were irradiated to the whole lung 1 day post-infection. The changes in levels of inflammatory mediators (cytokines and chemokines) and immune cell populations in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF), lungs, and serum were examined. LDRT-treated mice displayed markedly increased survival rates and reduced lung edema and airway and vascular inflammation in the lung; however, the viral titers in the lungs were unaffected. Levels of primary inflammatory cytokines were reduced after LDRT, and transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) levels increased significantly on day 1 following LDRT. Levels of chemokines increased from day 3 following LDRT. Additionally, M2 macrophage polarization or recruitment was increased following LDRT. We found that LDRT-induced TGF-β reduced the levels of cytokines and polarized M2 cells and blocked immune cell infiltration, including neutrophils, in BALF. LDRT-induced early TGF-β production was shown to be a key regulator involved in broad-spectrum anti-inflammatory activity in virus-infected lungs. Therefore, LDRT or TGF-β may be an alternative therapy for viral pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ha-Yeon Song
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Fengjia Chen
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Ran Park
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Moo Han
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Jung Ji
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Dental Research Institute (DRI), and BK21 Plus Program, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eui-Baek Byun
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongkag Kwon
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Kyu Kim
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Bum Ahn
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Animal Production and Health Laboratory, Joint Food and Agricultural Organization/International Atomic Energy Agency (FAO/IAEA) Centre for Nuclear Applications in Food and Agriculture, Department of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, International Atomic Energy Agency, Seibersdorf, Austria
| | - Ho Seong Seo
- Research Division for Radiation Science, Advanced Radiation Technology Institute, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute, Jeongeup, Republic of Korea
- Department of Radiation Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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11
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Hassanen EI, Kamel S, Mohamed WA, Mansour HA, Mahmoud MA. The potential mechanism of histamine-inducing cardiopulmonary inflammation and apoptosis in a novel oral model of rat intoxication. Toxicology 2023; 484:153410. [PMID: 36565801 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Histamine (HIS) is a potent vasodilator that contributes to anaphylactic reactions. Our investigation aims to study the possible toxic impact of repeated oral administration of histamine on the target organs of HIS poisoning (lung & heart) in rats as a model of scombroid poisoning. We used 15 rats that were separated into three groups with 5 rats in each. All rats received the treatments orally for 14 days as follows; (1): distilled water, (2) HIS at a dosage level of 250 mg/kg BWT daily and (3) HIS at a dosage level of 1750 mg/kg BWT weekly. Our results revealed that the consumption of HIS either daily or weekly could cause marked cardiopulmonary toxicity in rats. HIS can trigger inflammatory reactions in the cardiopulmonary tissues and induce oxidative stress damage along with apoptosis of such organs. HIS was markedly increase the MDA levels and decrease the CAT and GSH activity in both lung and heart tissues. The main pathological lesion observed is inflammation which was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and demonstrated strong iNOS and TNF-α protein expressions. Cardiac muscles showed extensive degeneration and necrosis and displayed strong casp-3 protein expression. Additionally, all HIS receiving groups noticed marked elevation of the pulmonary transcription levels of Cox2, TNF-α, and IL1β along with substantial elevation of casp-3 and bax genes and downregulation of Bcl2 gene in the cardiac tissue. We concluded that the oral administration of HIS either daily or weekly can induce cardiopulmonary toxicity via the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines resulting in ROS overgeneration and inducing both oxidative stress and apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman I Hassanen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt.
| | - Shaimaa Kamel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Wafaa A Mohamed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Hayam A Mansour
- Department of Food Hygiene and Control, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud A Mahmoud
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt
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12
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Abdel-Aziz AM, Fathy EM, Hafez HM, Ahmed AF, Mohamed MZ. TLR4/ MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway involved in the protective effect of diacerein against lung fibrosis in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol 2023; 42:9603271231200213. [PMID: 37664986 DOI: 10.1177/09603271231200213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is an inescapable problem. Diacerein, a chondro-protective drug, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Its effect on PF injury has not yet been fully clarified. Therefore, the current study aimed to detect its protective effect on lung tissue with the explanation of possible underlying mechanisms. METHODS Adult male albino rats were assigned to four groups: control group, diacerein control group, PF non-treated group, and PF diacerein pretreated group. Lung tissue oxidative stress parameters, inflammatory biomarkers mainly Toll-like receptors-4 (TLR4), and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) levels were determined. Histopathological examination of lung tissue and immunohistochemical studies of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and transforming growth factor- β (TGF-β) were also done. RESULTS Diacerein pretreatment has the ability to restore the PF damaging effect, proved by the reduction of the oxidative stress and lung tissue inflammation via downregulation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway together with the restoration of TGF-β level and improvement of the histopathological and immunohistochemical study findings in the lung tissue. CONCLUSION These results suggested the protective effect of diacerein on PF relies on its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects reducing TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eman Mahmoud Fathy
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Heba M Hafez
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
| | - Amira F Ahmed
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Misr University for Science and Technology, 6th of October City, Egypt
| | - Mervat Z Mohamed
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Minia University, Minia, Egypt
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13
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Tsai YF, Yang SC, Hsu YH, Chen CY, Chen PJ, Syu YT, Lin CH, Hwang TL. Carnosic acid inhibits reactive oxygen species-dependent neutrophil extracellular trap formation and ameliorates acute respiratory distress syndrome. Life Sci 2022; 321:121334. [PMID: 36587789 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Infiltration of activated neutrophils into the lungs is a hallmark of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Neutrophilic inflammation, particularly neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), is proposed as a useful target for treating ARDS. Carnosic acid (CA) is a food additive; however, its anti-neutrophilic activity in the treatment of ARDS has not been well established. The hypothesis of present study is to confirm that CA alleviates ARDS by suppressing neutrophilic inflammation and oxidative damage. MAIN METHODS Generation of superoxide anions and reactive oxygen species (ROS), induction of elastase degranulation, and formation of NETs by human neutrophils were assayed using spectrophotometry, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescent microscopy. Immunoblotting was performed to determine the cellular mechanisms involved. Cell-free radical systems were used to test antioxidant activities. The therapeutic effect of CA was evaluated in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ARDS mouse model. KEY FINDINGS CA greatly reduced superoxide anion production, ROS production, elastase release, cluster of differentiation 11b expression, and cell adhesion in activated human neutrophils. Mechanistic studies have demonstrated that CA suppresses phosphorylation of extracellular regulated kinase and c-Jun N-terminal kinase in activated neutrophils. CA effectively scavenges reactive oxygen and nitrogen species, but not superoxide anions. This is consistent with the finding that CA is effective against ROS-dependent NET formation. CA treatment significantly improved pulmonary neutrophil infiltration, oxidative damage, NET formation, and alveolar damage in LPS-induced mice. SIGNIFICANCE Our data suggested the potential application of CA for neutrophil-associated ARDS therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Fong Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Chin Yang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 112, Taiwan
| | - Yun-Hsuan Hsu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Chen
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, E-Da Hospital, Kaohsiung 824, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Syu
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsiung Lin
- Division of Chest Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua 500, Taiwan; Institute of Genomics and Bioinformatics, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan; Department of Recreation and Holistic Wellness, MingDao University, Changhua 523, Taiwan.
| | - Tsong-Long Hwang
- Graduate Institute of Natural Products, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243, Taiwan.
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14
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Li L, Cook C, Liu Y, Li J, Jiang J, Li S. Endothelial glycocalyx in hepatopulmonary syndrome: An indispensable player mediating vascular changes. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1039618. [PMID: 36618396 PMCID: PMC9815560 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1039618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a serious pulmonary vascular complication that causes respiratory insufficiency in patients with chronic liver diseases. HPS is characterized by two central pathogenic features-intrapulmonary vascular dilatation (IPVD) and angiogenesis. Endothelial glycocalyx (eGCX) is a gel-like layer covering the luminal surface of blood vessels which is involved in a variety of physiological and pathophysiological processes including controlling vascular tone and angiogenesis. In terms of lung disorders, it has been well established that eGCX contributes to dysregulated vascular contraction and impaired blood-gas barrier and fluid clearance, and thus might underlie the pathogenesis of HPS. Additionally, pharmacological interventions targeting eGCX are dramatically on the rise. In this review, we aim to elucidate the potential role of eGCX in IPVD and angiogenesis and describe the possible degradation-reconstitution equilibrium of eGCX during HPS through a highlight of recent literature. These studies strongly underscore the therapeutic rationale in targeting eGCX for the treatment of HPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Liang Li, ; Shaomin Li,
| | - Christopher Cook
- Division of Immunology and Pathogenesis, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, United States
| | - Yale Liu
- Department of Dermatology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianzhong Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiantao Jiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shaomin Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Liang Li, ; Shaomin Li,
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15
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Ativui S, Danquah CA, Ossei PPS, Ofori M. Palmatine Attenuates Metastatic Lung Colonization of Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cells. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:853230. [PMID: 35496301 PMCID: PMC9043321 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.853230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metastatic breast cancer to the lungs is a serious, life-threatening complication that is difficult to cure. Circulating tumor cells play a key role in the metastatic spread of breast cancer to the lungs via the lymphatic or circulatory system. Palmatine is a protoberberine alkaloid, identified as an active component of traditional African herbal preparations. Palmatine has antimetastatic and antiproliferative effects. The inhibitory activity of palmatine on the metastatic colonization of triple negative breast cancer cells in the lungs was investigated in this study. Methods: 4T1 triple breast cancer cells were transplanted synergically to the thoracic duct of the female balb/c mice via the lymphatic system. Palmatine 1, 5 and 10 mg/kg were administered for 28 days. The lungs were analyzed for levels of arterial blood gas, histological damage, immunohistochemical expression of the metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) and tumor suppressor p53 (p53). Results: Administering palmatine 1–10 mg/kg dose dependently improved hypoxemia, ameliorated metastasis associated lung injury; histology score of 3.33 ± 0.33, 1.67 ± 0.33, 1.33 ± 0.33, decreased lung MTA1 (2.19 ± 0.12, 1.83 ± 0.04, 1.84 ± 0.05) and increased p53 expression (1.99 ± 0.06, 2.27 ± 0.12, 2.34 ± 0.12) respectively. Conclusion: Palmatine preserved lung morphology and demonstrated therapeutic potential in aiding the treatment of lung metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selase Ativui
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Cynthia A. Danquah
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
- *Correspondence: Cynthia A. Danquah,
| | - Paul Poku Sampene Ossei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
| | - Michael Ofori
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology, Kumasi, Ghana
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16
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Xia C, Xu W, Ai X, Zhu Y, Geng P, Niu Y, Zhu H, Zhou W, Huang H, Shi X. Autophagy and Exosome Coordinately Enhance Macrophage M1 Polarization and Recruitment in Influenza A Virus Infection. Front Immunol 2022; 13:722053. [PMID: 35371077 PMCID: PMC8967985 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.722053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Influenza A virus infection results in viral pneumonia, which is often accompanied by the infiltration and recruitment of macrophages, overactivation of inflammatory responses, and obvious cell autophagy and exosome production. However, little is known about the roles of autophagy and exosome production in these inflammatory responses. Methods In this study, multiple methods, such as flow cytometry, real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, immune–fluorescence technology, and western blot, were applied to explore the possible effects of autophagy and exosome production by H1N1-infected host cells. Results It was observed that a high number of polarized macrophages (CD11b+/F4/80+/CD86+) were recruited to the lung tissues of infected mice, which could be mimicked by tracking the movement of macrophages to H1N1-infected cells in vitro (transwell assays). Furthermore, there was some coordinated upregulation of M1 polarization signs (iNOS/Arg-1 bias) as well as autophagy (LC3) and exosome (CD63) biomarkers in the infected macrophages and epithelial cells. Moreover, exosomes extracted from the supernatant of virus-infected cells were shown to promote the recruitment and polarization of more peritoneal macrophages than the normal group. The fluorescence colocalization of LC3-CD63 and the inhibition of autophagy and exosome signaling pathway further revealed that H1N1 infection seemed to sequentially activate the M1 polarization and recruitment of macrophages via autophagy–exosome dependent pathway. Conclusion Autophagy and exosome production coordinately enhance the M1 polarization and recruitment of macrophages in influenza virus infection, which also provides potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengjie Xia
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Weiming Xu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Ai
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Geng
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Yijun Niu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Haiyan Zhu
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai Huang
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunlong Shi
- Department of Biological Medicines & Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Immunotherapeutics, Fudan University School of Pharmacy, Shanghai, China
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17
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The therapeutic effect of hesperetin on doxorubicin-induced testicular toxicity: Potential roles of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1). Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 435:115833. [PMID: 34933056 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Clinical utilization of doxorubicin (DOX), which is a commonly used chemotherapeutic, is restricted due to toxic effects on various tissues. Using hesperetin (HST), an antioxidant used in Chinese traditional medicine protects testis against DOX-induced toxicity although the molecular mechanisms are not well-known. The study was aimed to examine the possible role of the mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase (mTOR) and dynamin 1-like dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1) in the therapeutic effects of HST on the DOX-induced testicular toxicity. Rats were divided into Control, DOX, DOX + HST, and HST groups (n = 7). Single-dose DOX (15 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally and HST (50 mg/kg) was administered by oral gavage every other day for 28 days. Total antioxidant status (TAS), histopathological evaluations, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression level detection analyses were performed. Histopathologically, DOX-induced testicular damage was ameliorated by HST treatment. DOX reduced testicular TAS levels and increased oxidative stress markers, 8-Hydroxy-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), and 4-Hydroxynonenal (4-HNE). Also, upregulated mTOR and DRP1 expressions with DOX exposure were decreased after HST treatment in the testis (p < 0.05). On the other hand, DOX-administration downregulated miR-150-5p and miR-181b-2-3p miRNAs, targeting mTOR and mRNA levels of beclin 1 (BECN1) and autophagy-related 5 (ATG5), autophagic markers. Furthermore, these levels were nearly similar to control testis samples in the DOX + HST group (p < 0.05). The study demonstrated that HST may have a therapeutic effect on DOX-induced testicular toxicity by removing reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by modulating the mTOR and DRP1 expressions, which have a critical role in regulating the balance of generation/elimination of ROS.
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18
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Dyer WB, Tung JP, Li Bassi G, Wildi K, Jung JS, Colombo SM, Rozencwajg S, Simonova G, Chiaretti S, Temple FT, Ainola C, Shuker T, Palmieri C, Shander A, Suen JY, Irving DO, Fraser JF. An Ovine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock and Resuscitation, to Assess Recovery of Tissue Oxygen Delivery and Oxygen Debt, and Inform Patient Blood Management. Shock 2021; 56:1080-1091. [PMID: 34014886 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aggressive fluid or blood component transfusion for severe hemorrhagic shock may restore macrocirculatory parameters, but not always improve microcirculatory perfusion and tissue oxygen delivery. We established an ovine model of hemorrhagic shock to systematically assess tissue oxygen delivery and repayment of oxygen debt; appropriate outcomes to guide Patient Blood Management. METHODS Female Dorset-cross sheep were anesthetized, intubated, and subjected to comprehensive macrohemodynamic, regional tissue oxygen saturation (StO2), sublingual capillary imaging, and arterial lactate monitoring confirmed by invasive organ-specific microvascular perfusion, oxygen pressure, and lactate/pyruvate levels in brain, kidney, liver, and skeletal muscle. Shock was induced by stepwise withdrawal of venous blood until MAP was 30 mm Hg, mixed venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) < 60%, and arterial lactate >4 mM. Resuscitation with PlasmaLyte® was dosed to achieve MAP > 65 mm Hg. RESULTS Hemorrhage impacted primary outcomes between baseline and development of shock: MAP 89 ± 5 to 31 ± 5 mm Hg (P < 0.01), SvO2 70 ± 7 to 23 ± 8% (P < 0.05), cerebral regional tissue StO2 77 ± 11 to 65 ± 9% (P < 0.01), peripheral muscle StO2 66 ± 8 to 16 ± 9% (P < 0.01), arterial lactate 1.5 ± 1.0 to 5.1 ± 0.8 mM (P < 0.01), and base excess 1.1 ± 2.2 to -3.6 ± 1.7 mM (P < 0.05). Invasive organ-specific monitoring confirmed reduced tissue oxygen delivery; oxygen tension decreased and lactate increased in all tissues, but moderately in brain. Blood volume replacement with PlasmaLyte® improved primary outcome measures toward baseline, confirmed by organ-specific measures, despite hemoglobin reduced from baseline 10.8 ± 1.2 to 5.9 ± 1.1 g/dL post-resuscitation (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION Non-invasive measures of tissue oxygen delivery and oxygen debt repayment are suitable outcomes to inform Patient Blood Management of hemorrhagic shock, translatable for pre-clinical assessment of novel resuscitation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne B Dyer
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - John-Paul Tung
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Gianluigi Li Bassi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Medical Engineering Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Karin Wildi
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jae-Seung Jung
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sebastiano Maria Colombo
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Universita degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Sacha Rozencwajg
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS-1166, ICAN Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Medical ICU, Pitié-Salpêtrière University Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Gabriela Simonova
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | | | - Fergal T Temple
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Brisbane, Australia
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carmen Ainola
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Tristan Shuker
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Chiara Palmieri
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Aryeh Shander
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Hyperbaric Medicine, Englewood Health, Englewood
- TeamHealth, Englewood Health, Englewood
- UF College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
- Department of Anesthesiology, Medicine and Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Rutgers University, Newark
| | - Jacky Y Suen
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David O Irving
- Australian Red Cross Lifeblood, Sydney, Australia
- Faculty of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Australia
| | - John F Fraser
- Critical Care Research Group, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
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19
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Erdem Guzel E, Kaya Tektemur N. Hesperetin may alleviate the development of doxorubicin-induced pulmonary toxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and apoptosis in male rats. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101667. [PMID: 34653889 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Doxorubicin (DOX) is one of the most widely used chemotherapeutic agents. However, it causes pulmonary toxicity which decreases its clinical use in human cancer therapy. The present study was undertaken to obtain an insight into the potential protective effect of hesperetin (HES) against doxorubicin-induced pulmonary toxicity in rats. The animals were divided into 4 groups with 7 rats per group. The experimental treatments were as follows: Control, DOX, DOX + HES, and HES groups. DOX was administered at the dosage of 15 mg/kg i.p for a single dose. HES was administered at the dosage of 50 mg/kg by oral gavage every other day. After 28 days, biochemical parameters, oxidative stress status, histopathological changes, apoptosis-related genes and apoptotic index (AI) were examined of lung tissue. Histopathological changes, Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1), Caspase-3 (Casp3), Cytochrome c (Cytc), apoptosis-related genes, and AI significantly increased in the DOX group relative to the control group. Malondialdehyde (MDA) significantly increased, while superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) decreased in the DOX group relative to the control group. However, histopathological findings, MDA, AI, and PAPR1, Casp3 protein expression, mRNA expression of Cytc significantly decreased, while SOD, GPx increased in the DOX + HES group relative to the DOX group. These results attested HES might be a potential agent for the treatment of DOX-induced pulmonary toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Erdem Guzel
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, 47200, Turkey.
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, 23000, Turkey
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20
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Guijo Gonzalez P, Gracia Romero MA, Gil Cano A, Garcia Rojo M, Cecconi M, Monge Garcia IM. Hemodynamic resuscitation with fluids bolus and norepinephrine increases severity of lung damage in an experimental model of septic shock. Med Intensiva 2021; 45:532-540. [PMID: 34839884 DOI: 10.1016/j.medine.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemodynamic resuscitation is considered a cornerstone of the initial treatment of septic shock. However, there is growing concern about its side effects. Our objective was to assess the relationship between fluid administration and norepinephrine infusion and the development of lung injury. DESIGN Randomized in vivo study in rabbits. SETTING University animal research laboratory. PATIENTS Eighteen New Zealand rabbits. Control group (SHAM, n=6), Sepsis group with or without hemodynamic resuscitation (ETX-R, n=6; ETX-NR, n=6). INTERVENTIONS Sepsis was induced by intravenous lipopolysaccharide administration and animals were followed-up for 4h. Hemodynamic resuscitation with Ringer lactate (20mL·kg-1) was administered and later norepinephrine was initiated 3h after sepsis induction. At the end, the left lung was excised. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST An indwelling arterial catheter and an esophageal Doppler were placed. Lung mechanics were monitored with side stream spirometry. Lung damage was analyzed by histopathological examination. RESULTS The SHAM group did not show hemodynamic or respiratory changes. Lipopolysaccharide administration aimed an increase in cardiac output and arterial hypotension. In the ETX-NR group, animals remained hypotensive until the end of the experiment. Resuscitation with fluids and norepinephrine reversed arterial hypotension. Compared to the ETX-NR group, the remaining lung of the ETX-R group showed greater accumulation of neutrophils and reactive type-II pneumocytes, thicker alveolar wall, alveolar hemorrhage and non-aerated pulmonary areas. Lung injury score was larger in the ETX-R group. CONCLUSIONS In our experimental study, following a strategy with bolus fluids and late norepinephrine used in the early phase of endotoxic septic shock has a negative influence on the development of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guijo Gonzalez
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain; Research Group in Critical Disorders (GREPAC), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Critical Care Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M A Gracia Romero
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - A Gil Cano
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - M Garcia Rojo
- Derpartment of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain
| | - M Cecconi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Instituto Clínico Humanitas, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - I M Monge Garcia
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
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21
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Wu J, Yin Y, Qin M, Li K, Liu F, Zhou X, Song X, Li B. Vagus Nerve Stimulation Protects Enterocyte Glycocalyx After Hemorrhagic Shock Via the Cholinergic Anti-Inflammatory Pathway. Shock 2021; 56:832-839. [PMID: 33927140 PMCID: PMC8519159 DOI: 10.1097/shk.0000000000001791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Electrical vagal nerve stimulation is known to decrease gut permeability and alleviate gut injury caused by traumatic hemorrhagic shock. However, the specific mechanism of action remains unclear. Glycocalyx, located on the surface of the intestinal epithelium, is associated with the buildup of the intestinal barrier. Therefore, the goal of our study was to explore whether vagal nerve stimulation affects enterocyte glycocalyx, gut permeability, gut injury, and remote lung injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Male Sprague Dawley rats were anesthetized and their cervical nerves were exposed. The rats underwent traumatic hemorrhagic shock (with maintenance of mean arterial pressure of 30-35 mmHg for 60 min) with fluid resuscitation. Vagal nerve stimulation was added to two cohorts of animals before fluid resuscitation, and one of them was injected with methyllycaconitine to block the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway. Intestinal epithelial glycocalyx was detected using immunofluorescence. Intestinal permeability, the degree of gut and lung injury, and inflammation factors were also assessed. RESULTS Vagal nerve stimulation alleviated the damage to the intestinal epithelial glycocalyx and decreased intestinal permeability by 43% compared with the shock/resuscitation phase (P < 0.05). Methyllycaconitine partly eliminated the effects of vagal nerve stimulation on the intestinal epithelial glycocalyx (P < 0.05). Vagal nerve stimulation protected against traumatic hemorrhagic shock/fluid resuscitation-induced gut and lung injury, and some inflammatory factor levels in the gut and lung tissue were downregulated after vagal nerve stimulation (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Vagal nerve stimulation could relieve traumatic hemorrhagic shock/fluid resuscitation-induced intestinal epithelial glycocalyx damage via the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yushuang Yin
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingzhe Qin
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Kun Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoyang Song
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
| | - Bixi Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, General Hospital of Central Theater Command of PLA, Wuhan, China
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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22
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Ren Y, Li L, Wang MM, Cao LP, Sun ZR, Yang ZZ, Zhang W, Zhang P, Nie SN. Pravastatin attenuates sepsis-induced acute lung injury through decreasing pulmonary microvascular permeability via inhibition of Cav-1/eNOS pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 100:108077. [PMID: 34464887 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Disruption of alveolar endothelial barrier caused by inflammation drives the progression of septic acute lung injury (ALI). Pravastatin, an inhibitor of HMG Co-A reductase, has potent anti-inflammatory effects. In the present study, we aim to explore the beneficial role of pravastatin in sepsis-induced ALI and its related mechanisms. METHODS A septic ALI model was established by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. The pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs) were challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The pathological changes in lung tissues were examined by HE staining. The pulmonary microvascular permeability was determined by lung wet-to-dry (W/D) weight ratio and Evans blue staining. The total protein concentration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was detected by BCA assay. The levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 were assessed by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Apoptosis was determined by flow cytometry and TUNEL. Western blotting was performed for detection of target protein levels. The expression of VE-Cadherin in lung tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemical staining. RESULTS Pravastatin improved survival rate, attenuated lung pathological changes and reduced pulmonary microvascular permeability in septic mice. In addition, pravastatin restrained sepsis-induced inflammatory response and apoptosis in the lung tissues and PMVECs. Moreover, pravastatin up-regulated the levels of junction proteins ZO-1, JAM-C, and VE-Cadherin. Finally, pravastatin suppressed inflammation, apoptosis and enhanced the expression of junction proteins via regulating Cav-1/eNOS signaling pathway in LPS-exposed PMVECs. CONCLUSION Pravastatin ameliorates sepsis-induced ALI through improving alveolar endothelial barrier disruption via modulating Cav-1/eNOS pathway, which may be an effective candidate for treating septic ALI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ren
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Liang Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Meng Wang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Li-Ping Cao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhao-Rui Sun
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Zhi-Zhou Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Shi-Nan Nie
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China; Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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23
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Guijo Gonzalez P, Gracia Romero MA, Gil Cano A, Garcia Rojo M, Cecconi M, Monge Garcia IM. Hemodynamic resuscitation with fluids bolus and norepinephrine increases severity of lung damage in an experimental model of septic shock. Med Intensiva 2020; 45:S0210-5691(20)30178-9. [PMID: 32718740 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hemodynamic resuscitation is considered a cornerstone of the initial treatment of septic shock. However, there is growing concern about its side effects. Our objective was to assess the relationship between fluid administration and norepinephrine infusion and the development of lung injury. DESIGN Randomized in vivo study in rabbits. SETTING University animal research laboratory. PATIENTS Eighteen New Zealand rabbits. Control group (SHAM, n=6), Sepsis group with or without hemodynamic resuscitation (ETX-R, n=6; ETX-NR, n=6). INTERVENTIONS Sepsis was induced by intravenous lipopolysaccharide administration and animals were followed-up for 4h. Hemodynamic resuscitation with Ringer lactate (20mL·kg-1) was administered and later norepinephrine was initiated 3h after sepsis induction. At the end, the left lung was excised. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST An indwelling arterial catheter and an esophageal Doppler were placed. Lung mechanics were monitored with side stream spirometry. Lung damage was analyzed by histopathological examination. RESULTS The SHAM group did not show hemodynamic or respiratory changes. Lipopolysaccharide administration aimed an increase in cardiac output and arterial hypotension. In the ETX-NR group, animals remained hypotensive until the end of the experiment. Resuscitation with fluids and norepinephrine reversed arterial hypotension. Compared to the ETX-NR group, the remaining lung of the ETX-R group showed greater accumulation of neutrophils and reactive type-II pneumocytes, thicker alveolar wall, alveolar hemorrhage and non-aerated pulmonary areas. Lung injury score was larger in the ETX-R group. CONCLUSIONS In our experimental study, following a strategy with bolus fluids and late norepinephrine used in the early phase of endotoxic septic shock has a negative influence on the development of lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Guijo Gonzalez
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain; Research Group in Critical Disorders (GREPAC), Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; Critical Care Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M A Gracia Romero
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - A Gil Cano
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
| | - M Garcia Rojo
- Derpartment of Pathology, Hospital Universitario Puerta del Mar, Cadiz, Spain
| | - M Cecconi
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Instituto Clínico Humanitas, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - I M Monge Garcia
- Intensive Care Medicine Department, Hospital del SAS Jerez, Jerez de la Frontera, Spain
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24
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Sini decoction ameliorates sepsis-induced acute lung injury via regulating ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas axis and inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 115:108971. [PMID: 31102910 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis, as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection, is characterized by the extensive release of cytokines and other mediators. Sini decoction (SND), a traditional Chinese prescription medicine, has been used clinically for the treatment of sepsis. But its explicit mechanism of action is still unclear. The present study aims to evaluate the potential protective effects of SND on sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI). After SND intervention, the lung tissues of each experimental group were collected. H&E sections were used to observe the pathological changes of lung tissue, and alveolar lavage fluid was collected to detect the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Level of inflammatory factors in lung tissue were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The change of Renin angiotensin system (RAS), as well as downstream MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways were measured by Western blot. For in vitro experiments, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were pretreated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and treated with SND. Subsequently, the expression levels of RAS and MAPK/NF-κB signaling pathways were measured by Western blot. In vivo, we found that SND significantly attenuated sepsis-induced pathological injury in the lung. SND also inhibited LPS-mediated inflammatory cell infiltration, the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins and the production of IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and MCP-1. In vitro, experiments using a co-culture of HUVECs with SND showed that there was a decrease in pro-apoptotic protein and pro-inflammatory mediator. In this research, we also found that SND protective action could be attributed to the regulation of renin-angiotensin system (RAS). MAPKs and NF-κB pathways. To conclude, our study demonstrated that SND ameliorates sepsis-induced-ALI via regulating ACE2-Ang (1-7)-Mas axis and inhibiting the MAPK signaling pathway.
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